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As the leading producer of nuclear energy, the U.S. has some of the world’s cheapest electricity—which for the industrial sector averages between 6.75 and 9.33 cents per kWh. These prices are either trumped or competitive with other nuclear power-producing countries such as Russia ($0.11 cents per kWh), Canada ($0.10) and China ($0.08). India, which doesn't quite make it into the top 10, generates 30 billion kWh annually at an average of $0.08 cents per kWh.
Deregulation seeks to drive down costs and spur innovation by breaking up energy monopolies. In their place, two separate entities take care of 1) generation and 2) distribution. Electric Generation Suppliers (EGS) create electricity and set their own prices for consumers. Electric Distribution Companies (EDC), a.k.a., your local utility company, bring that electricity to your home.
There are a variety of different types of gas and electricity plan that are currently out there for prospective customers to consider. Some plans offer fixed rate deals , these allow you to be sheltered from price rises over an agreed period of time. Other plans allow you to manage your entire account online, making it easier and more efficient for you to handle your energy supply.
As of April 2014, 16 U.S. states and the District of Columbia have deregulated electricity markets. Along with aforementioned Maryland and Texas, electricity deregulation is current in Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. Seven additional U.S. states began the process of electricity deregulation but have suspended efforts: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Virginia, and Wyoming.
Maryland residents are now able to choose who supplies their electricity. (Customers of municipal electric systems and some rural cooperative systems are the exceptions - see "Areas not participating.") Your local utility, now called your electric company, will still deliver the electricity to your home, but you can choose another company to generate the electricity, if other companies are making an offer in your area.
Residents and businesses that pay directly for their electricity (ratepayers) can use Energy Choice DC to learn more about their purchasing options and the companies that provide electricity aggregation services in the District. Ratepayers connect with a broker who will collect necessary information from them and use that information to seek competitive pricing on electricity, including options for conventional electricity and electricity generated from renewable sources. The broker then presents the negotiated rate to ratepayers, who sign a contract with the selected third-party supplier, for a term of one to three years, and pay a monthly electricity bill based on a consistent rate during that period.
Multi-year electricity contracts are not unusual; this method of structuring customer timelines is. Our guess: It’s a holdover style of billing from FirstEnergy’s involvement with governmental aggregations — municipal groups that get together and buy their energy as a community. Rather than have the option of a long term or short term plan, consumers are forced to take what’s available to them at the time.
From Spanish Mission to Art Deco, the city of Wichita Falls is full of historical building styles. It’s also full of residents, with more than 100,000 calling city limits home. If you’re a resident or business owner in Wichita Falls, electricity shopping can seem a bit tricky. To make it simpler, you need to understand that there are two popular types of energy rate structures: variable and fixed.
Of FirstEnergy’s two plans, “Residential Fixed Price” (July 2019) and “Residential Fixed Price” (July 2020), the longer term contract comes with a reduced rate, per usual. If you’re hesitant to enter into a lengthy commitment because you’re planning to move within the next year or two, it’s nice to know that FirstEnergy builds a moving loophole into its cancellation policy. If you’re changing addresses and FirstEnergy does not service your new neighborhood, it doesn’t levy a cancellation fee. Opting out for any other reason comes with a $50 fee, cheaper than any other flat-rate cancellation fee we’ve seen. In fact, it might still be cheaper to go with the longer contract if you aren’t sure when you’ll move, or whether you can take your FirstEnergy service with you.
Customers can find deals in competitive electricity markets if they take the time and effort to look at web sites such as powertochoose.org, the official comparison shopping site of the Public Utility Commission. The study cited a PUC survey of retail electricity offerings in Houston that showed nine deals in March that were lower than the regulated price of electricity in San Antonio.
More than two dozen electric cooperatives provide power to rural customers and residents of many South Dakota towns. Each customer is a member and owner of the co-op. The business of the co-op is directed by its general manager and governed by a board of directors, elected by its membership. Three power cooperatives – Basin, East River and Rushmore – are generation and transmission cooperatives. These organizations provide electricity to their member co-ops that, in turn, deliver the power to their customers.
We carefully screen Texas electricity providers in your area. Then, we list electricity rates and plans from top providers in a user-friendly format on our website, so you can compare the information. We handle the complex concerns and considerations, so you don’t have to. With our assistance, you no longer need to track down different electricity companies, rates, and plans, because we provide all the information you need to choose the best provider.
Generation / supply price: What you pay. Unlike other states, Pennsylvania keeps cost per kWh easy to understand. Other states muddy the waters by including fees and discounts applied according to usage amounts in the quoted rate. PA companies show you you one steady rate. If you’re looking at a variable plan, this cost will reflect your first month only. If it is a special introductory rate, they’ll tell you how long it lasts. | 2.515625 |
- The tower ? La tour Eiffel (Eiffel Tower), a symbol of Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world.
- The engineer ? Gustave Eiffel.
- Erected in ? 1889 as the entrance arch to the World’s Fair.
- Located on ? the Champ de Mars in Paris.
(Photo credit: Alexandre-Pierre Gaspar)
The Eiffel Tower at sunrise from the Trocadéro Esplanade ? | 2.515625 |
- We will rise above the competition!
- Team Meeting coming soon to show how we will have to step up our game in the coming weeks.
For those who may need it. Help?Read more >
Read more >
Assignment Date to upload Date Due
Payload Concept Review 4/14/14 4/16/14
Payload Concept Proposal 4/18/14 4/22/14
CEA Poster 4/23/14 4/25/14
Upload Datafiles for CEA Data 4/30/14 5/2/14
Upload Final Review Presentation 4/30/14 5/2/14
The Actual Final Review to Nasa We should be ready with already printed materials (10 Copies) by 5/2/14 5/6/14
CEA Review Table Presentation We should be ready with all CEA Materials, nothing should require to be plugged into an outlet by 5/2/14 5/6/14
Read more >
IMPORTANT: With all questions, be able to answer: Why?
1. What vehicle are you on? Lander, because all of our information collecting will be on the ground with soil analysis.
2. What are the initial conditions? 462 degrees Celsius and 90 atmospheres
a. If on the orbiter, what is your orbital velocity? Do you deorbit? N/A
b. If on the balloon, is the balloon moving? N/A
c. If on the lander, do you deploy during descent or after landing? If during descent, what is your initial velocity? We will deploy after landing to reduce the impact.
1. How do you deploy? Describe. We deploy out of the robot by hovering to the surface.
a. What do you use to propel you? We will use …Read more >
- Mole Finder
- It would act as a subsurface explorer that would take moisture and temperature readings to determine if liquid ground water was under the surface of Venus and if life could exist under Venus's surface.
- It would have two cameras, one normal, and one thermal for filming underground.
Science Traceability Matrix (Draft)
Science Objective Measurement Objective Measurement Requirements (Location, Duration, Position, etc) Instrument
Soil Analysis Soil Temperature Near Equator/
1 1/2 minutesThermometer
Soil Analysis Terrain Mapping Near Equator
One WeekThermal Camera
Soil Analysis Soil Moisture Near Equator
30 secondsMoisture Sensor
Soil Analysis Picture clarity
One WeekHeat Resistant…
Read more >
- What is the range of satellite signals to and from the payload?
- How do we order materials?
- How do we uplink to the NASA satellite system?
- What type of heat resistant camera should we use?
- What is our communication range?
- When will we be able to upload, the Uploads page currently does not show "Sparkman" as a school selection?
- Do we have a limit on the amount of power our payload can use, what are general notes about power usage for the payload on and off the UAH spacecraft? | 2.515625 |
Don't let product recall bring down your business
IN July, supermarket shelves across the UK were cleared of frozen vegetables after Greenyard Frozen UK, a major fruit and vegetable supplier, withdrew 43 of its sweet corn-based products.
The product recall, which has resulted in many more lines subsequently being removed from sale, came to light following an announcement from the Food Standards Agency (FSA) that the produce may have been contaminated with listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium that can cause a fatal illness known as listeriosis.
This case illustrates that in today's global marketplace, the threat of product recall has become even greater. Products and supply chains are becoming increasingly complex, and the regulatory landscape more robust, increasing the need for businesses to take the necessary steps to protect themselves.
Ultimately, a business cannot predict when a deadly contamination will force their organisation to face the consequences of a food product recall. However, taking the appropriate measures to prepare for such an incident will minimise the chances of this occurring.
A business must understand the potential reasons for a recall, enforce proper prevention tactics and know how to generate a response plan.
Measures to prevent a product recall include ensuring raw materials and ingredients come from trustworthy suppliers. Before doing business with a source, the buyer should make sure the seller is registered with local enforcement.
Alongside this, utilising food assurance schemes allows manufacturers to guarantee that the ingredients or raw materials provided by suppliers are produced to specific standards, ensuring food quality and safety.
Businesses should also enforce a system that conforms to industry-recognised food safety management standards, such as the British Retail Consortium Standards.
Additionally, all systems should incorporate the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, including specific records that demonstrate the actions your organisation has taken to follow proper food safety precautions.
Even if a business strictly adheres to a list of preventative measures, a food product recall may still occur in the future. Establishing an effective response plan will help to prepare for the unexpected.
Guidelines to follow include; communicating with the relevant authorities, such as the FSA, immediately halting the production of the ingredient and product, ensuring proper traceability on all products by saving invoices and receipts related to the production.
A product recall can be a worrying prospect for any business, with the potential for not just financial loss, but along with the added fuel of social media, significant damage to a business's brand and reputation.
With the right expertise, a business can protect itself through purchasing product recall insurance.
No matter how high manufacturing standards and quality controls are, defect and contamination risks will always remain a threat.
:: Richard Willis is managing director of Willis Insurance and Risk Management | 2.515625 |
How can I adaptively target content to students’ needs without restricting assessment items to the lame formats — like multiple choice — that computers are able to read?
Given the richness of the Math Twitterblogosphere, it’s pretty hard to share something new that makes a substantial contribution to our online community. I think I have something worth sharing here. It answers the question above. In other words, it’s a way to get (most of) the advantages of adaptive learning systems without all the drawbacks.
A big advantage with meatsacks [read: human teachers] over computers is the ability of a human to look at the work. Computers can only indirectly evaluate where the student went wrong; they can only look at the shadow on the ground to tell where the flyball is going. Meatsacks can evaluate directly where the student is going awry.
And yet computers do have an advantage: it’s very easy for them to keep track of what each student needs to work on and to deliver practice or assessment that’s targeted to those needs. Can we have the best of both worlds?
I’ve created a system that can make a unique printable mini-quiz for each student, depending on what skill they need to be assessed on. It draws on an item bank, categorized by skill, that can be as large as you want so questions won’t be repeated on successive retakes. Quizzes also print in order by students’ position in the seating chart, so you can simply walk down each row and breezily hand each student a personalized quiz. (Not every quiz should be personalized, though. At least half the time, I pick the topic and everyone gets the same quiz. Personalized quizzes are for efficient retakes.)
The system is free, of course, and fully editable by anyone who knows how to work a spreadsheet. Here’s how it works. Each video is only a few seconds.
Step 1: Students select the skill they want to be quizzed on.
Step 2: You display students’ current choices on-screen. The screen updates live, so students who change their minds can see their most recent selection.
Step 3: You just copy and paste the Google Form responses into the quiz generator.
Step 4: With a simple CTRL + P, you print the entire class set. It automatically prints in order by seating chart.
Step 5: Updating your seating chart is easy. Changes to the seating chart automatically update the printing order of the quizzes.
Step 6: On the next quiz, increase the “quiz generator key” by 2. This will change the questions given for each skill.
Step 7: Grading tool. This speeds up your grading process by more than a factor of 10. Duuuuude. A factor of 10. (Turn the volume on to listen to this screencast).
the files you need
- Quiz generator spreadsheet program
- FULL version of quiz generator (with all the hidden tabs of the spreadsheet displayed, so you can see under the hood)
- Google Form responses spreadsheet program
- Seating chart program
If this post gets decent page views, I’ll come back in and write some tech support pieces to explain how to use all the features: how to add assessment items with images (it’s not trivial to add images into a cell of a spreadsheet); how to link up the spreadsheets correctly; and how to toggle all the various options in the program.
is this not overkill?
I’m pretty sure it’s not. Let me just nail my 95 theses to this door here and see what you think. Here goes:
- Students should not grade their own formative assessments. An expert needs to grade them.
- That expert should be a human, not a computer, for reasons given above.
- With my current grading and prep load, I’m already maxed out on how much grading I can do. I can’t check huge numbers of ungraded formative assessments in addition to grading the tests/quizzes I already give.
- Therefore, formative assessments must replace some of my existing grading load, not add to it. They have to count in the gradebook.
- But if they’re graded, they won’t really be formative unless students can do retakes and earn credit for improving.
[My conclusion] Formative assessments must be graded tests or quizzes that students can retake.
- Should they be tests, or should they be quizzes? Many teachers use a formative assessment system with tests. Here’s Dan Meyer’s version. Let’s think about that. (If you think Dan’s is not the best example, let me know in the comments. I don’t want a straw-ish man here.)
- Advantage: Tests can be comprehensive. Each test can assess the full range of skills covered so far.
- Big disadvantage: Tests aren’t very frequent. Ideally, students would be able to relearn something and then earn credit for demonstrating proficiency within a couple of days, instead of waiting for the next test.
- Of course, you could have a policy that students may always come in informally outside of class to demonstrate mastery, but many teachers find that students don’t really bother to come after school to do that. In fact, I think if all the students who should come really did, it would overwhelm my ability to informally generate assessments after school.
- Here’s a bureaucratic reason that tests might be the wrong vehicle for formative assessments: in many districts, teachers don’t have control over the tests they give. There tends to be more flexibility and independence around teacher-generated quizzes.
- Okay, let’s consider using quizzes as formative assessments. Advantages: they’re more frequent, and you can still use your district’s tests. But lots of disadvantages, too.
- Advantage: Shorter, more frequent assessments are better for learning. Or so says Marzano.
- Big disadvantage: How will retakes work? If you have 10 skills this quarter, and you quiz a different skill each day, a student might need to wait up to 10 class days for the chance to retake the skill they’re ready to re-do. That’s unacceptably long.
- Logistical disadvantage: Even though frequent assessment is good for learning, how can I squeeze quizzes into the last 10 minutes of class consistently without losing too much instructional time? These quizzes need to be very quick to hand out (and to pass back, once they’re graded).
- Solution: you need a way to let students pick the quiz topic they want to retake, so that on some days, different students can take different quizzes. If this happens frequently, students can relearn and reassess in a tight loop lasting no more than a few days.
- Logistical problems:
- Imagine laying out 10 stacks of quizzes on the counter, or on your teacher desk, and inviting each row of students come up and pick a quiz. If these quizzes are short (4 questions or so), the first students may be done by the time the last students have picked their quiz.
- Entering grades in the gradebook is a challenge. Try typing 120 grades into the gradebook, in up to 10 different columns, while overwriting old grades (with a grading program that has no “undo” button), without making a single mistake. Not easy!
- In addition, managing answer keys is a huge problem here. Try grading 5 class sets of quizzes in 10 minutes per set, when you need to make 10 different answer keys and then flip between those 10 keys to check students’ quizzes.
- So maybe my assessment tool is not overkill after all.
- Even if I want to assess a single skill, I can toggle an option to print out 2, 3, 4, or more different versions of the quiz, to reduce opportunities for cheating.
- There’s a tool to help organize grade entry.
- The tool to manage answer keys when grading a class set
has nothas been created. See screencast 7 above.
- Here’s how I handle passing back daily quizzes quickly: students turn their papers into a tray specific to their seating area (left, middle, or right). When I grade the papers, I keep them grouped like that. Then when I want to pass them back, they’re already grouped by seating area, and I’m not traversing the room 10 times to pass them all back. I can pass back a class set in 1 minute.
does this fix the real problem?
The root problem is that it’s hard to get kids to take the initiative and fill in their own skill gaps, even when you identify them. Here’s Michael Pershan, over at his blog
Second, I don’t think the feedback itself given in SBG [Standards-Based Grading] is helpful to kids. What’s the path from “You’re a beginner at solving linear equations” to actually learning to solve a linear equation? Some say that kids will go home and study linear equations more if you tell them they’re bad at them, which doesn’t fit with what I know about high school students. But maybe your kids are different than mine.
Not only do I agree with Michael here…I also designed this entire project as a response to his critique and Dan Meyer’s larger criticism of adaptive learning systems.
Here’s why, in my classroom, the system I’m presenting seems to avert the pitfall Michael’s pointing to. After letting students choose their retake skill on the Google Form, I let students go to different stations with study guides for their chosen skills. There’s something about signing up for a skill’s retake, and then immediately diving into that skill’s study guide (starting with circling the ones you got wrong last time) that seems to lead students to feel there’s a point in trying to relearn the skill. That what’s being asked of them is a manageable bite.
And I don’t mind making everyone do a retake, even those who had 100’s on everything. Short, frequent quizzes are good, thanks to the testing effect.
Cri de coeur
I’ve never taken a coding class. Millions of people out there could have done this better than I did. But even if I felt like waiting a few more years for a good formative assessment solution, I don’t even see one on the horizon. So I made my own. In the last 3 years, I’ve created this quiz generator, written all the quiz items (most of which I’m not publishing here for test security), made the Khan Academy grading tool in the previous blog post, and tried to rewrite as many lessons as possible to make them better. That’s a lot of time spent on tools and resources. As a teacher I’d prefer my extra time be spent on the kids rather than the tools.
Relatedly, it’s not really my dream that lots of other teachers start to use this program. My dream would be for assessment companies like MasteryConnect to include these features in their own programs so doofuses like me didn’t have to build their own quiz generator (and so teachers had a convenient platform for sharing quiz questions instead of writing them all from scratch). But almost every edtech company out there is pushing for everything to be done online. A paper-based assessment system with human graders just isn’t that interesting to them.
*Note about the title of this post: if you know me, you know I’ve worked hard to find a way to make Khan Academy a useful tool for my Algebra 1 students. So I only want to burn the computer when it comes to real assessments. As a practice tool, computerized exercises are fine with me. | 2.515625 |
A basic distinction in legal scholarship lies between descriptive claims (what is the law?) and normative claims (what should be the law?). In this post I argue that one can easily fall into the trap of making one instead of another, due to: 1) law’s normative character; 2) law’s hierarchical (or heterarchical) structure; and 3) often argumentative style of legal reasoning.
1. Since law itself is normative, a descriptive claim about law will be a normative claim about sth else;
2. A descriptive claim about a higher order provision (in Kelsen’s sense or some heterarchical sense, e.g. about the EU law) will be a normative claim about a lower order provision;
3. When law is ambiguous, a seemingly descriptive, ‘interpretative’ claim might actually include extra-legal normative components.
Assume a hypothetical state, the Republic of Silesia, where the Traffic Regulation Act sets the default speed limit at 60 km/h in the towns.
Descriptive question: what is the default speed limit in the towns in the Republic of Silesia? is pretty straightforward, and the answer: ‘the speed limit is 60 km/h’ is a correct, descriptive claim.
But this claim already includes a normative statement: ‘people should not drive faster than 60 km/h in Silesia’.
However, a normative question: what should be the default speed limit in towns in Silesia? invites different possible types of answers:
#1: The speed limit should be lower, because I’m afraid of cars driving so fast;
#2: The speed limit should be higher, so that people can be more efficient, move faster and so have more time to work, due to saving time on transportation;
#3: The speed limit should be higher, because the art. X of the Constitution of the Republic of Silesia states ‘The Republic ensures the citizens’ right to move around quickly’.
Higher/lower limit is insignificant here, what matters is the reasons behind the normative claims.
In #1, this is just an opinion;
in #2 a higher-level normative claim: ‘law should maximise the efficiency’ is assumed, though this claim is external to the legal system;
in #3 a descriptive claim about higher level law (constitution) is made, together with a normative claim: ‘lower level norms should comply with higher level norms’, which is internal to the legal system, and could be summarised as an internal normative claim: ‘law should make sure that citizens can move around quickly’.
Note that #2’s normativity comes from outside of the legal system, while #3’s from the inside.
Why does it matter?
Because one could claim that a statement: ‘The speed limit in towns in Silesia must be higher, because the current one is unconstitutional’ is actually a descriptive claim about the law.
In other words: seemingly normative statements about the law (due to the lingual side and usage of the modal verbs like ‘should’, ‘ought to’ or ‘must’) can be considered descriptive statements by some scholars.
One should bare in mind that when making any claim about the law, one sees at least 3 levels:
2. Legal provisions in statutes;
3. Constitutional/human rights provisions.
When making a descriptive claim about a higher level, one makes a normative claim about the lower level; when saying what the law is, one says how the reality should be; when saying what the constitutional norms are, one says how the lower level law should be. All these normative statements are internal to legal system.
However, there is a space for ‘cheating’ here. For example, it is not obvious that the speeding limit must be higher, maybe it is sufficient. This is already an argumentative exercise.
Now, the picture gets more complicated when one makes a normative claim based on reasons external to the legal system. These claims, again, can be directed at different levels:
1. People should be moving around quickly to be efficient;
2. Law should protect safety of the citizens, because human life is the highest value.
3. The silly provision about the right to move around quickly should be taken out of the Constitution, because it only causes confusion.
The importance of the distinction is high, because one can argue that executing a normative proposition internal to the law is a legal action, while executing one external to the law is just political action.
Now, this gets even more complicated when legal provisions are not straightforward.
Assume the Constitution states: ‘The Parliament of Silesia elects the Justices of the Constitutional Court and President of the Republic accepts the vow from them’ and assume that the Parliament has elected 4 justices, but the President refused to accept the vow.
The question begging a descriptive answer: ‘Is the President allowed not to accept a vow from the justices?’ needs an argumentative argument actually; and the reasons invoked might be internal, but might just as well be external to the legal system.
One can imagine both an affirmative and a negative answer, about which it is hard to state whether they describe the law, or just state as it should be.
In consequence, a rigid scholar should be always be explicit about the internality or externality of the source of normative claims he or she is making; and about the level about which a claim is made. Otherwise, falsity of the theories might hide to deep in the argument to be detected. | 2.515625 |
Often times, the most difficult part of solving a problem, a social problem or others, is about framing it in the right way. If you are dealing with a situation, but you misidentify the source of the conflict or barrier, then any solution becomes impossible, or at least incomplete. The same is true of discussion of disability justice and issues of equality.
Many of the conflicts that arise between abled communities and mindsets, and disabled ones step from different framings of the problem. While many different constructs and models exist, the two mainly accepted ones are the Medical Model and the Social Model. | 2.515625 |
A collection of classical algorithms and data-structures implementation in C++ for coding interview and competitive p…
Updated Nov 17, 2018
Design a Sudoku in python and its solution using Backtracking Algorithm
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Minecraft maze generator plugin
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Backtracking Sudoku Solver (Unfinished)
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Graph coloring software that uses backtracking algorithm
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Project of Programming Paradigms course
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A Simple Java script Based Maze game...
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A Sudoku puzzle generator written in C++ using modified and efficient backtracking algorithm.
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sudoku resolving using AI algorithms
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PHP Based Sudoku Puzzle Solving
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My own take on backtracking and A*/Dijkstra pathfinding algorithms to permit any user defined structure and heuristic…
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Solving sudoku puzzle using backtracking and AC-3
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Given an integer N, find a way to place N queens on an N x N chessboard so that no two queens attack each other. Sinc…
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GUI sudoku solver (Backtracking algorithm) java program with live progress on GUI board.
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A solver for the n Queens problem, using the backtracking algorithm
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Resolución de pirámides mediante el algoritmo backtraking
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It includes implementation of travelling salesman problem using two methods: 1.Backtracking & 2.Branch and Bound method.
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COFFEE is the acronym for "COmpany eFFEEctive platform"
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Collection of some good coding problems.
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An application to solve Sudoku puzzles
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collection of C++ notes and programmes
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Solver of the numbers part of the mythical French TV game 'Des chiffres et des lettres'
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A simple sudoku program with a GUI, solver, and 10,000 unique puzzles for each of the five difficulty levels.
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Asked in various placement test.I have alternate solution as provided in editorial. Please see the question link.
Updated May 31, 2018
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LeetCode training execrises //from june 21th 2018 to current
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A simple android app of genetic algorithm and backtracking implementation to solve 8-queen problem
Updated Nov 13, 2016 | 2.515625 |
Acupressure Calms Children Before Surgery
Science Daily and UPI (10/2008) both reported a University of California/Yale University study that concluded that acupressure treatment applied to children undergoing anesthesia noticeably lowered their anxiety levels and made the stress of surgery more calming for them and their families.
The UC Irvine anesthesiologist, Dr. Zeev Kain and his Yale University collaborator Dr. Shu-Ming Wang, tried this noninvasive, drug-free method to reduce children’s stress during surgical preparation. Sedatives currently used before anesthesia can cause nausea and prolong sedation.
“Anxiety in children before surgery is bad because of the emotional toll on the child and parents, and this anxiety can lead to prolonged recovery and the increased use of analgesics for postoperative pain,” said Kain, who led the acupressure study. “What’s great about the use of acupressure is that it costs very little and has no side effects.”
In this study, Kain and his Yale colleagues applied adhesive acupressure beads to 52 children between the ages of 8 and 17 who were to undergo endoscopic stomach surgery. In half the children, a bead was applied to the Extra-1 acupoint, which is located in the midpoint between the eyebrows. In the other half, the bead was applied to a spot above the left eyebrow that has no reported clinical effects.
Thirty minutes later, the researchers noted decreased anxiety levels in the children who had the beads applied to the Extra-1 acupoint. In the other group, anxiety levels increased.
“As anesthesiologists, we need to look at all therapeutic opportunities to make the surgical process less stressful for all patients,” Kain said. “We can’t assume that Western medical approaches are the only viable ones, and we have an obligation to look at integrative treatments like acupressure as a way to improve the surgery experience.”
Study results appear in the September issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia. | 2.515625 |
Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday undertaking Growsafe accreditation. I found it all very interesting. I have begun to put formulas together in the Viticulture Diary I am (slowly) developing. It is being written in Filemaker Pro. I will keep adding formulas and processes to the database over the coming months. There is a lot of value lists to create. I could if I had time develop a fully relational database but that would be a bigger task than is required and it is a format/product that is probably in the market place already. By doing this development it really helps in my retention of learning!!….
Assembling and checking the operation of a knapsack sprayer
First run of the test (water only) spray to adjust calibration of speed
First test run showing to heavy a spray; speed adjustment necessary.
Spray covering one side of the tree; achieved a good calibration after speed adjustment
My database Viticulture and Spray Diary I am working on in Filemaker Pro.
Thursday Propagation at the Nursery Complex
“A bulb stores its complete life cycle in its underground structure.
There are five main parts. The basal plate grows the roots, the scales store the nutrients, a papery tunic protects the scales and there is a flower embryo and lateral buds that allow the plant to reproduce.
The lateral buds start growing at the base of the bulb and develop around what is known as the mother plant. As they mature they are usually called bulblets and when large enough they can be removed from the mother planted out to multiply the parent plant. This is called vegetative reproduction with the offspring being identical to the parent. Two bulblets can be seen in this photograph.
A bulb stores all the nutrients it needs for the next seasons growth. This fact means that bulbs such as hyacinths and daffodils can be grown sitting on top of a container of water and produce an attractive indoor flower after a few weeks.
If however the container grown bulb is to be kept for the next season it will need to be planted out into some soil so that its roots can gather moisture and nutrients to replenish what was used in producing the flower.
One of the most widely grown bulbs in the world is the onion. Like other bulbs it too is a unique food store with the potential to produce other onions. However most onions don’t get a chance to reproduce. We eat them and enjoy the stored nutrients.”
– The Southland Times | 2.515625 |
America’s strength has not been its diversity, but her ability to overcome the inherent problems in diversity, writes Thomas Sowell.
America’s great good fortune in the past has been that Americans have been able to unite as Americans against every enemy, despite our own internal differences and struggles. Black and white, Jew and Gentile, have fought and died for this country in every war.
Today, that sense of American unity is being undermined by the reckless polarization of group identity politics. That affects not only how Americans see themselves, but how others in our midst see America.
Some people demand American citizenship, as if it is an entitlement, while burning the American flag and waving the flag of Mexico. And the apostles of “diversity” and “multiculturalism” watch in silence. That includes the President of the United States.
Most debates about immigration policies are contests in rhetoric, with hard facts being ignored as if they didn’t exist.
Tragically, the massacre in Orlando seems unlikely to change that. Too many people have too much invested in their own particular position to change, especially in an election year.
Latest posts by Debbie Young (see all)
- America – Stop the Slide, Support Families - November 9, 2018
- Putting the Mid-Terms into Perspective - November 8, 2018
- Higher Taxes/Bigger Government or Lower Taxes/Smaller Government - November 7, 2018 | 2.515625 |
Cynthia L. Bronson
Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
This dissertation uses an avian hybrid zone as a study system in which to explore potential causes for the configuration and movement of such zones. Stable hybrid zones are commonly considered to reflect a balance between selection and dispersal. Both exogenous and endogenous selection factors have been advanced to explain barriers to gene flow across narrow hybrid zones. Exogenous selection involves adaptation to local environments. In contrast, endogenous selection involves adaptation or coadaptation on the genomic level regardless of the external environment.
The focal avian species of this dissertation, black-capped (Poecile atricapilla) and Carolina (Poecile carolinensis) chickadees, are permanent residents in Ohio. Currently, their distributions abut in an east-west hybrid zone in the northern aspect of the state. The black-capped chickadee resides north of the hybrid zone and the Carolina chickadee south. Based on historical data, the hybrid zone has moved northward about 100 km in the past 70 years.
The first phase of this dissertation characterized, in a limited manner, a transect of the hybrid zone and identified patterns in reproductive success across the zone. A distinctive trough in reproductive success in the hybrid zone was observed and correlated with both location and parental genetics.
The second phase consists of a controlled experiment. The genetics of the chickadees within the hybrid zone (endogenous selection) and the location of the hybrid zone (exogenous selection) were tested against each other to determine which was more influential on the observed pattern of decreased reproductive success within the hybrid zone. In support of endogenous selection, transplanted hybrid pairs produced fewer nestlings and fledglings than did transplanted pairs of either parental species.
The final phase consists of a controlled, aviary experiment to determine if female mate preference might be a causal mechanism for the northward movement of the hybrid zone. The relative importance of morphological appearance (possibly denoting species identity) and social dominance of males were assessed. Without apparent knowledge of dominance, females preferred black-capped chickadee males. With knowledge of dominance, females preferred the dominant male which, when the dyad was of comparable size, was the Carolina male. | 2.515625 |
When done properly and safe, it can be exciting to lift weights. You will find satisfaction in your workout, the benefits and the results of building muscle. To begin the process, you must become educated in what is required to build muscle mass, and this article is here to provide you with the advice you need.
Neither speed NOR weight is more important than technique! Regardless of the specific exercise that you are doing, performing your repetitions slower, while focusing on your technique, will provide significantly better results than trying to do the same number of repetitions as quickly as possible. Going slow can also force you to incorporate more muscles into the move and make you work harder by eliminating momentum.
When trying to build more muscle, you will need to eat more in general. Eat the amount that you need to gain a weekly pound. Investigate ways to raise your caloric intake, and if after two weeks you see no change in your weight, consider taking in even more calories.
Put all of the “big three” in each routine you perform. These body-building exercises include dead-lifts, bench presses and squats. These exercises are designed to help you bulk up, but they also improve your strength and endurance as well. Make these exercises a part of your weekly routine.
When muscle building, be sure to have a lot of protein. Protein is what builds strong muscles and what they are made from. It will be especially difficult for your body to produce additional muscle mass if you don’t give it the protein it needs. Aim to eat lean and healthy proteins at least three times a day.
If you are going to use creatine supplements to assist with your muscle gain, you should use caution, especially when taking them for an extended period of time. Those with kidney problems should not take creatine at all. They can also cause cramping, heart arrhythmia, and compartment syndrome. Young people should not take these supplements. Always be sure to use creatine-containing supplements according to their directions, and never exceed the recommended dosages.
Compound exercises will help you develop your muscle mass. The theory behind these exercises is that you should use a variety of muscles during one exercise. The traditional bench press, which engages muscles in your shoulders, arms, and chest, is a fine example of a compound exercise.
Stretch well after each workout, so your muscles can repair and grow. People under the age of 40 should hold stretches for a minimum of 30 seconds. If you are over 40, hold the stretch for a minimum of 60 seconds. This will help prevent injuries.
Try to focus on multiple muscles during one workout, such as the hamstrings for quads and chest dips for the chest. Doing this allows a muscle to rest during the time the other one is working. You will be able to decrease the amount of time you spend in a gym because you are increasing the intensity of your workout.
Staying hydrated is important to proper muscle development. In order to prevent injury to yourself, it is important to stay properly hydrated. Further, staying hydrated will help you gain muscle and keep your muscles solid.
When you want to get bulky, focus on big weights, like squats and dead lifts, as well as bench presses. These three specific exercises yield maximum benefits fast and let you continue building good muscle. These three are the primary focuses, but there can also be other exercises.
It feels great to exercise, and increasing your lean muscle is one way to achieve your goal of having a healthy body. When you engage in workouts with both cardiovascular exercises and a weight training routine, you’ll find you reach your goals quickly and easily. Workout as often as you can using both types of exercise and watch your body transform! | 2.515625 |
Mormon 1:83 yea, behold, i write unto all the ends of the earth yea, unto you, twelve tribes of israel, who shall be judged according to your works, by the twelve whom jesus chose to be his disciples in the land of jerusalem. Doubt yourself and you doubt everything you see judge yourself and you see judges everywhere but if you listen to the sound of your own voice, you can rise above doubt and judgment and you can see forever ~nancy lopez you and i, we judge others and they judge us we all do it sometimes. Writing errors, such as those identified in the readings for this week, may influence the way a reader interprets your writing a resumé that is marred by grammatical errors, for example, may prevent a job candidate from progressing to the interview stage. The phrase is often quoted as judge not, lest ye be judged while the meaning is the same, it's interesting we have learned the wrong wording from the 1611 king james version.
Ecc 11:9 rejoice, o young man, in thy youth and let your heart cheer you in the days of your youth, and walk in the ways of your heart, and in the sight of your eyes: but know this, that for all these things god will bring you into judgment. A classic example is there are two people trying to commit a murder they both shoot, but a bird flies in front of one and stops the bullet so only one of them kills their intended victim. Best answer: sodo you mean judge by god, or by people for by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves it is the gift of god, not of works, lest anyone should boast. Last week, the rightwingnewscom blog included the idea that everyone should be judged by the content of their character, not the color of their skin in a list of 25 people, places and things.
Like it or not, you are being judged by how you look, how you dress, and how you carry yourself—and, if you're lucky, how you do your job i had lunch yesterday with an old friend i've. It is the merciful who will be shown mercy (matthew 5:7), and, as jesus warned, in the same way you judge others, you will be judged, and with the measure you use, it will be measured to you (matthew 7:2. Judged by appearances there are instances when people should be judged by their appearance it is a fact that first impressions often have everlasting impacts, as they often provoke someone's belief about us. If you refuse to judge and improve yourself as a child of god, then god will take it upon himself to judge you many of the troubles that we face in life are nothing more than god's way of judging us since we often neglect to judge ourselves. Life is short speak your mind, say what ya wanna say, and do what ya wanna do (as long as you don't get caught) people are judged unfairly all the time i'm judged on a daily basis we may be.
In addition to certain guarantees provided by law, legalzoom guarantees your satisfaction with our services and support because our company was created by experienced attorneys, we strive to be the best legal document service on the web. You have judged jason with your accusation you do not even truly respect the words of jesus you, sir should respect all the words of jesus, such as his command. She is a good judge of character verb you should not judge people by their if you are accused of a crime you have the right to be judged by a jury of your peers. When you use your judgment of others as a mirror to show you the workings of your own mind, every person's reflection can become a valuable gift, making each person you encounter a teacher and a blessing. And then i shall declare to them, 'i never knew you, depart from me, you who work lawlessness' (mt 7:21-23) yes, everyone will be judged those who are of unbelief, those who are true belief, and those who say they believe, but truly do not.
Good and bad fruit 36 but i tell you that men will give an account on the day of judgment for every careless word they have spoken 37 for by your words you will be acquitted, and by your words you will be condemned 38 then some of the scribes and pharisees said to him, teacher, we want to see a sign from you. No matter who you are, no matter what food you eat, clothes you wear or what kind of car you drive, you should never be judged by your physical appearance you are who you are right now, everyone has their own rights and you should always be who you are. You are judged by your writing posted 25th january 2010 at 08:32 pm by mikemcmillan i mean, after all, if they are going to try to sell me a book about some manner of writing--they should be pretty good at it themselves--right.
When it comes to interviews you are judged not only on your skills and experience, but also your personality and your appearance but at what point does the way you look outweigh your talents. By matt slick jesus said in matthew 7:1, do not judge so that you will not be judged many unbelievers quote this verse when christians say that homosexuality is a sin, or that adultery is wrong, or tell someone that a person might not be a christian if, for example, he denies the resurrection of christ (1 cor 15:14.
When people make you question your character, intelligence, beliefs, decisions or preferences in a way that causes shame, they can make you feel judged in a negative way they might not intend it, but the feeling of judgment is still hurtful. For with what judgment you judge, you will be judged and with the measure you use, it will be measured back to you and why do you look at the speck in your brother's eye, but do not consider the plank in your own eye. For with the judgment you pronounce you will be judged, and with the measure you use it will be measured to you ( matthew 7:1-2 ) notice the reason jesus warns against judgment. | 2.515625 |
Reynolds' syndrome (Telfer B. Reynolds)
A syndrome of chronic liver disease characterized by the coexistence of progressive systemic sclerosis and primary biliary cirrhosis. Other features include jaundice, elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, Raynaud's phenomenon, calcinosis cutis, telangiectasia, and pruritus. Raynaud's phenomenon is an early clinical symptom for the evolution of a Reynolds' syndrome.
- T. B. Reynolds, E. K. Denison, H. D. Frank, F. L. Lieberman, R. L. Peters:
Primary biliary cirrhosis with scleroderma, Raynaud's phenomenon and telangiectasia. New syndrome.
American Journal of Medicine, New York, 1971, 50 (3): 302-312.
- Volker Stadie, Johannes Wohlrab, Wolfgang Christian Marsch:
The Reynolds' Syndrome - a Rare Combination of Two Autoimmune Diseases.
Medizinische Klinik, München, 2002, 97 (1): 40-43. | 2.515625 |
Another Active Hurricane Season Expected for 2018
Forecasters from Colorado State University Department of Atmospheric Science's Tropical Meteorology Project are predicting another strong hurricane season this year for the United States.
2017 brought dangerous storms to the United States, notably Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria. CNN reported earlier this year that the 2017 hurricane season was the costliest in year ever for climate and weather disasters in the United States, estimating costs around $306 billion.
It is reported that there will be an unusually high amount of hurricanes but, overall, less predicted to form than last years.
They are predicting a total of 14 named storms breaking it down to seven hurricanes and three major storms. A major storm is considered a Category 3 or higher.
Hurricane season for the Atlantic typically runs from June through November.
According to weather.com, the study uses combinations of historical data to predict the season's outcome :
The CSU outlook is based more than 30 years of statistical predictors, combined with seasons exhibiting similar features of sea-level pressure and sea-surface temperatures in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans. | 2.515625 |
Why should I study this subject?
With exciting text and data-based sources of language, this course introduces the study of English in its various forms and contexts, with the concepts and methods appropriate for the analysis of language.
The variety of assessment styles used, such as data analysis, discursive essays, directed writing, original writing and research-based investigative writing, allows you to develop a wide range of skills. These include critical reading, data analysis, evaluation, the ability to develop and sustain arguments and a number of different writing skills which are invaluable for both further study and future employment.
What will I study ?
The course includes:
- Children’s language development
- Language diversity and change
- Language discourses
- Writing skills
- Language investigation
- Original writing
What are the entry requirements?
“English at New College is really interesting – you get to explore new and challenging texts that are personally enriching.”
Imogen Owens, Freeston Academy
“Though challenging, English develops great transferable skills that help with my other subjects at college.”
Leonie Hudson, Shafton ALC | 2.515625 |
In Arthur Miller’s ‘The Crucible’, one character which seems to simultaneously defy societal conventions whilst succumbing to them is Abigail Williams, following her affair with John Proctor.
Firstly, Abigail seems cowardly as she avoids the court of law through her empty accusations of witchcraft to deter from her own sin, as seen in the following quote in which she details her involvement yet quickly replaces this by more accusations, a smart manipulation of the progression of her language. This however could be seen as brave as she openly contests her crime, absolving herself of sin by revealing the others, despite these accusations being false. One indication of her success in bravery is that it serves as an example for the other girls, leading to the ensuing chaos of finger-pointing.
“I want to open myself! . . . I want the light of God, I want the sweet love of Jesus! I danced for the Devil; I saw him, I wrote in his book; I go back to Jesus; I kiss His hand. I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil!” – Abigail Williams, Act 1
Yet Abigail’s manipulation seems cowardly as it is characterised by threats of violence, and demonstrates her malevolent nature unearthed through her loss of innocence in her adulterous affair with John Proctor. She uses the belief that she might know some real witchcraft to keep the other girls in line. This is suggested in the following quote in which Abigail uses her crime against the other girls, using the imagery of colour. The colour ‘black of some terrible night’ uses its connotations of black magic and something more sinister to threaten them. Additionally the idea of ‘reddish work’ provokes imagery of blood, used in black magic. She doesn’t hesitate to use her power to accuse them of witchcraft if their loyalty proves untrue, alike with Mary Warren.
“Let either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word, about the other things, and I will come to you in the black of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. And you know I can do it; I saw Indians smash my dear parents’ heads on the pillow next to mine, and I have seen some reddish work done at night, and I can make you wish you had never seen the sun go down!” – Abigail Williams, Act 1
Furthermore, this seems naïve as this arises out of a fantasy in which Abigail blurs the line between appearance and reality, seeing herself, a 17-year old girl as Proctor’s true love and an ideal choice for a wife despite his marriage to Elizabeth, and her indifference towards condemning innocent people to die to fulfil her plan exposes this.
On the other hand, Abigail seems to subvert expectations of a patriachal society as she doesn’t suppress her desires. When she finds herself attracted to Proctor whilst working in the Proctor home, she pursues it and seduces him rather than repenting and refusing to acknowledge this attraction. This goes against the Puritanical mindset that her adulterous attraction constitutes a sin and this may be seen as courageous in a society dominated by men.
So is Abigail brave to the point where it’s cowardly or cowardly to the point where it seems brave? It can be viewed either way. | 2.515625 |
Indications & Historical Uses
Hawthorne is one of the most valuable herbal cardiovascular tonics available. It is described in most modern herbal literature as a valuable drug for the treatment of various heart ailments and circulatory disorders. Hawthorne has been used in the treatment of irregular heartbeats, high blood pressure, spasms of arteries (e.g. Raynaud’s) and certain nervous disorders. It has also been used to control atherosclerosis. Hawthorne has potential to be a very valuable drug. However, further scientific studies are needed to substantiate the beneficial effects of the drug. Until additional research has been carried out., prospective users of hawthorne , for heart and circulatory disorders should consider all the consequences and seek medical advice before self-treatment.
It has been used in the following conditions:
- Spasm of arteries (Raynaud’s);
- High and low blood pressure;
- Old age vascular problems;
- Nervous disorders;
- Coronary artery and perfusion disordersn [mild stable angina];
- Irregular heartbeats;
- Dyspepsia and diarrhea.
Toxicity is low and becomes evident only in large doses,. Therefore, it is relatively harmless if taken in recommended doses. It seems to be a relatively harmless mild heart tonic which apparently has been beneficial in many conditions where this kind of treatment is required.
Contraindications & Precautions
Hawthorne may potentiate the action of digitalis and other drugs that have cardiovascular effects. (See Caution).
May potentiate action of digitalis and other cardiac drugs. Therefore, patients on these drugs should refrain from using Hawthorne unless supervised by a physician. (See Caution) .
Modern research has revealed some interesting properties of hawthorne. It’s berries are rich in flavonoids and they act on the body in 2 ways: First, they dilate the blood vessels, especially the coronary vessels, and secondly, they reduce peripheral resistance and thus lower blood pressure. Therefore, it reduces the tendency to angina attacks. Additionally, flavonoids have a direct favorable effect on the heart itself , which is especially apparent in cases of heart damage. Hawthorn’s action is not immediate, but develops very slowly and is relatively harmless if taken in the recommended doses. It takes up to two weeks to acquire high enough tissue concentrations of hawthorn to produce observable effects. (See Precautions). Because of its slow onset of action ,it is not useful for acute attacks of angina, but is helpful in reducing the tendency to angina. Hawthorne is also known to have a positive ionotropic effect on the heart and accelerates the heart, increases nerve conductivity and heart muscle functioning. Hawthorne is also known for its sedative effect .
- Valerian root;
Hawthorne is a small thorny tree with white and red flowers and berries. It is found in England, Europe and North America. Hawthorne is widely used in Europe, especially Germany. Three dozen different preparations containing extracts of these plant parts, either singly or in combination with other drugs, are currently marketed in Germany. Active ingredients are extracted mainly from the berries, although the flowers and the leaves also contain some of the active ingredients Because the berries, leaves and flowers all contain compounds which affect the heart and the circulatory system, products containing them should not be used indiscriminately.
Processing involves only alcoholic extraction.
Standardized extract should contain 2% Vitexin and 2% Vitexen Rhamnoside.
Mowrey, D. (1990) Guaranteed Potency Herbs. A Compilation of writings on the subject.
Ullsperger, R. (1951) Preliminary communication concerning a coronary vessel dilating principle from hawthorne. Pharmazie 6(4):141-144.
Rewerski, W and Lewak, S. (1970) Hypotonic and sedative polyphenol and procyanidin extracts from hawthorne. Ger. Offen. 2:145-211.
Mowrey, D. (1986) The Scientific Validation of Herbal Medicine. Cormorant Books.
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Posted by RxMed | 2.515625 |
Offshore industrial-scale wind farms – and their onshore cousins – have stirred up an unholy alliance of forces and opposition drawing from a fountain of discontent that would have been difficult to predict and that has surprised both opponents and proponents.
Was the Ontario government right to call last week for a moratorium on offshore wind farms? The decision can be best characterized as an attempt to avoid the Scylla of public outrage as well as the Charybdis of financial distress. It is a deft but strategic decision that should provide a welcome reprieve on the march to an uncertain energy future within the confines of the province’s Green Energy Act.
Ontario sorely needs a plan for the electricity sector guided by a rational but balanced approach that can sustain the transformation to a cleaner energy future without a social rebellion. What is beginning to be well understood is that the Green Energy Act, through the tariffs, will embed large costs into the future mix if not modified. What is less well known is a contradiction at the heart of green energy technologies – namely, the large environmental footprint associated with resources such as wind, solar and biomass.
The cruel laws of physics dictate how low power densities and low efficiency of conversion of renewable resources inevitably lead to a much larger environmental footprint. Mismatch between available useful energy from renewable resources and relatively high power densities of modern final energy use means that large-scale diffusion of energy from renewable resources will require anywhere from 100 to 10,000 times the land area compared to conventional resources. Such an expansion of land-use requirements, in relation to the useful unit of energy output, does not rule them out, but they do raise a red flag about “green” assertions.
The unexamined proposition has been that if it is declared to be green, it deserves no further scrutiny or analysis. The large land footprint of renewable sources of generation often collides with other purposes for use of land. This will set in motion a dynamic of social friction with unintended, unpredictable consequences.
The placement of renewable energy resources greatly depends on how land is currently used. Additional facilities in an already built-up or residential area would probably not be welcome. A solar roof may provide a partial answer to the energy needs of a household, but a large-scale ground-mounted “industrial scale” solar facility may attract opposition because it affects other community use. Would energy plantations be welcome to displace forest reserves or a wilderness area? How far do you site a wind installation from a wetland, even if you have met the requirement for setbacks from a farmer’s house?
To date, much of the debate in the energy sector has centred on issues of cost impacts, intermittency, reliability and whether renewables can be integrated effectively into the existing power grid. Whether subsidies are adequate and efficient, and whether they create jobs.
The sleeper issue, however, has been the potential impact of green energy on the environment.
The moratorium announced by the government need not be cast in a particularly cynical view. It is perhaps the first sign in an awakening, a more sophisticated understanding of the ramifications of implementing “green” energy options. Much closer attention to the environmental impacts of such systems, both their positive attributes and some of the problematic areas, is required. These would certainly include biophysical effects, such as the protection of sensitive ecosystems and water resources, but also issues related to health.
For a truly sustainable energy system to evolve, however, there is a compelling need to address the social and political concerns and that will require a far more sophisticated understanding of the views of a community. Perhaps the government has it right on this one.
Jatin Nathwani is a professor and Ontario Research Chair in Public Policy for Sustainable Energy Management at the University of Waterloo.
|Wind Watch relies entirely
on User Funding | 2.515625 |
Migraine and cluster headaches
Several different researchers have found HBOT helpful in treating cluster and migraine headaches. HBOT has shown promise in decreasing the severity and frequency of certain headaches.
Sports and soft tissue injuries
Some research suggests that the reduction of swelling or edema effect of HBOT may be helpful in sports injuries. Some of the professional NFL, NHL, NBA teams use hyperbaric chambers in the training rooms to assist athletes in “getting back into the game” quickly.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
This disease has been very frustrating for doctors to treat and HBOT is being considered as a possible treatment for this illness.
The chronic manifestations of Lyme disease include arthritis and neurologic impairment. HBOT is being utilized for these symptoms and will hopefully provide some benefit.
Lupus and other connective diseases
There is growing interest in the use of HBOT in a variety of rheumatologic conditions.
Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
HBOT is being used in a variety of neurologic disorders. Several centers in this country routinely treat stroke victims and others with head injuries. Brain scans have been shown to change after HBOT and this has lead to the hope that brain damage can be helped. At least one multi center trial is under way examining the use of HBOT in acute stroke patients.
Anecdotal evidence from Canada and elsewhere raise hope that HBOT may improve neurologic function in this group of patients.
Decompression Illness Cured with Hyperbaric Oxygen
HBOT is the treatment of choice for divers suffering from decompression illness due to the “Bends” or air embolism.
Circulatory Problems Improved with Hyperbaric Therapy
Although not a replacement for reestablishing blood flow in the large blood vessels to parts of the body which are not normal, HBOT can get oxygen to areas deprived of this necessary element by dissolving oxygen in the plasma and tissues. Some people have had the death of tissues or gangrene prevented by HBOT and others have been spared amputation saving toes or feet.
Bone and soft tissue infections controlled with Hyperbarics
Some bacteria are actually killed by HBOT and thus certain infections have been cured with HBOT. Lives have been saved when threatened by so called “flesh eating bacteria.” Osteomyelitis or infection in the bone is difficult for doctors to treat and frequently requires prolonged antibiotic use. HBOT can help cure these difficult infections.
Gas Gangrene Reversed with Hyperbaric Oxygen
HBOT can be life saving in gangrene-a condition where the tissues die or are severely damaged.
Poisonings Respond To Hyperbarics
HBOT has saved the lives of fire victims and fire fighters suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning. Cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, methemoglobinemia and other poisonings may be helped by HBOT.
Recluse spider bites and other serious insect bites have been helped by HBOT.
Chronic wounds heal faster with hyperbarics
Some people develop sores or wounds that just won’t heal. This may be due to low oxygen in damaged tissues. HBOT restores the body’s ability to heal the wound by increasing oxygen to the area.
HBOT Speeds Up The Healing Process in Smokers
People who smoke do not heal as well as non smokers. HBOT can help smokers undergoing some types of surgeries such as cosmetic surgery heal more normally.
Burn Victims Improve With Hyperbaric Oxygen
HBOT has been used for years to speed up healing in burn victims. It is also beneficial for patients with smoke inhalation and carbon monoxide poisoning.
Diabetic Ulcers Heal Faster With Hyperbaric Oxygen
Diabetes is a disease that affects the small blood vessels in the tissues which results in wounds or ulcers that may last months to years. These wounds often develop from incidental injuries to the body and may become infected which can spread to the deeper tissues and the bones and may even require amputation. HBOT can help heal these wounds frequently without surgery.
Damaged Tissues from Cancer Therapy Improve with Hyperbaric Oxygen
HBOT can restore tissues and cells damaged from chemotherapy and radiation treatments in cancer patients. Head, neck and other cancer treatments that damage the jaw bone may require HBOT to restore the tissues. Side effects of cancer therapy may cause damage to the bladder (hemorrhagic cystitis), damage to the intestines (radiation enteritis) and other conditions that may be improved by HBOT. Breast cancer patients undergoing reconstruction may need HBOT to allow radiation damaged tissues to heal.
You may already be familiar with Hyperbaric Oxygen Chambers for treating scuba divers with the “bends”. Relax. You can breathe easier. Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment is not just for scuba divers. Did you know that Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) has many other important medical uses?
Such uses are speeding up healing, helping problem wounds heal faster, fighting life threatening infections, saving amputations in people with circulatory problems and many more.
We will provide you with useful information about the benefits of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, answer your questions and help you determine if Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is for you.
Is Hyperbaric Therapy Right For You Or A Family Member?
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is a medical treatment in which a patient breathes 100% oxygen while the pressure of the treatment chamber is slowly increased above atmospheric pressure. It has been known for years that healing cannot take place without appropriate oxygen levels in the tissues. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy provides oxygen to damaged tissues and allows the body’s natural healing process to take over.
Hyperbaric Rx Hyberbaric Rx is a Cosmetic Surgery and Hyperbaric Therapy clinic with locations planned in Beverly Hills California and Las Vegas Nevada. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment that uses a pressure chamber to increase the amount of oxygen in the blood. The air pressure inside a hyperbaric oxygen chamber is 2.5 times greater than the normal pressure in the atmosphere. This added pressure helps your blood carry more oxygen to organs and tissues in your body. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is used to treat many health conditions including: bone infections, skin grafts, wounds, radiation injury, decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, brain or sinus infections and much more. | 2.515625 |
Roleset id: depict.01 , show to be, Source: , vncls: , framnet:
depict.01: DEPICT-V NOTES: Examples without attribute seem to be a sense more like 'demonstrate'or 'show'. (from depict.01-v) DEPICTION-N NOTES: Based on nouns-000040. Comparison to 'depict'. VN class characterize-29.2. FN class communicate_categorization. Framed by Katie. (from depiction.01-n)
You depict the bill as something Democratic leaders ``hoodwinked'' the administration into endorsing.
Arg1: the bill
Arg2: as something Democratic leaders ``hoodwinked'' the administration into endorsing
Besides, a computer processing the Japanese language needs a huge memory and much processing capability, while [the screen and printer]-1 need far better definition *trace*-1 to depict accurately the intricate symbols.
Its realistic depiction of the lives of Taiwanese
Arg1: of the lives of Taiwanese
Example: arg 0 and 1
its unrealistic depiction of the characters' professional and private lives
Arg1: of the characters' professional and private lives | 2.515625 |
Two new reports indicate that China has been using abnormal internet routing patterns, which may have been intended for global internet hacking.
After a paper was published by the War College, detailing China’s practice of using “border gateway protocol (BGP) hijacking” to hack global web traffic, an internet analysis expert from Oracle confirmed China’s unusual routing patterns, according to an Oracle blog post on Monday.
“There is truth to the assertion that China Telecom (whether intentionally or not) has misdirected internet traffic (including out of the United States) in recent years. I know because I expended a great deal of effort to stop it in 2017,” said Doug Madory, Oracle’s Director of Internet Analysis.
China Telecom misdirected internet traffic, says Oracle report: The Naval War College published a paper titled, “China’s Maxim – Leave No Access Point Unexploited: The Hidden Story of China Telecom’s BGP Hijacking” that contained a number of claims about… https://t.co/11imFYbVG5 pic.twitter.com/ipQT8tMyRq
— CS Threat Intel (@cipherstorm) November 6, 2018
The War College paper explained that China uses at least 10 points of presence (PoPs) across the North American internet systems to subtly hijack and divert web traffic and gather valuable information from it.
Since the internet is a web of many networks – many of which are not interconnected – networks rely on communications from one another to determine which one will help transmit their data the fastest.
China is able to hijack these networks through BGP hijacking – using their own network to communicate with other networks, and presenting theirs as a shortcut that other networks flock to for the sake of faster transmission.
“Building a successful BGP hijack attack is complex, but much easier with the support of a complicit and preferably large-scale ISP [Internet Service Provider] that is more likely to be included as a central transit point among a sea of [Autonomous Systems],” the War College paper explained.
“As a result, today most BGP hijacks are the work of government agencies or large transnational criminal organizations with access to, leverage over, or control of strategically placed [Internet Service Providers],” the paper noted.
— ZDNet (@ZDNet) October 27, 2018
Madory described a brief traffic routing anomaly identified in Dec. 2015 during which internet traffic was hijacked by Korean networks. In response, traffic from big companies such as Verizon began routing through China Telecom networks – a path their particular networks had never before taken.
Suddenly, data transmitted by U.S. networks to U.S. networks were oddly transmitted through network points in mainland China.
Madory contacted Verizon and other companies, prompting them to apply filters to their networks.
“That action reduced the footprint of these routes by 90% but couldn’t prevent them from reaching those who were peering directly with China Telecom,” he said.
“We would classify this as a peer leak and the result was China Telecom’s network being inserted into the inbound path of traffic to Verizon,” Madory said.
The War College paper called for urgent action, such as tripling the number of U.S. Telecoms PoPs relative to the number of Chinese Telecom PoPs in order to correct the imbalance of foreign nations’ PoPs.
“More balance between democratic and authoritarian information technology systems by enforcing reciprocal fairness is likely have a significant positive influence on the currently deleterious trends in international cyber insecurity,” the paper explained. “This could be first step in making hijacking internet traffic much more difficult and costly for adversaries.” | 2.515625 |
Reading, writing and roasting: Schools bring cooking back to the classroom
Lots of kids have tried lentils. But what about Ethiopian-style lentils, accompanied by injera bread, couscous and cucumber salad?
Fourth graders in Santa Fe, N.M. prepared this lunch feast themselves as part of a nutrition education program called Cooking with Kids. And nutrition experts say programs like this one are not just about expanding timid kids’ palates. Listen to this NPR report.
Colorado’s first school farm delivers organic produce to cafeteria
Sprout City Farms is a non‐profit urban agriculture organization located in Denver that has the unique distinction of creating and managing the first large‐scale farm on Denver Public School property. In partnership with the Denver Green School, Denver Urban Gardens, and DPS, Sprout City Farms recently signed an agreement – the first of its kind – with DPS Food and Nutrition Services to provide local, organically‐grown food direct to the school cafeteria.
This unique arrangement is the result of months of conversations between SCF and FNS, with support from the Denver Department of Environmental Health: Public Health Inspections Division, the Colorado Department of Agriculture, and Colorado State University Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition: Food Safety Specialists.
In addition to Denver Green School, McGlone Elementary and Bradley International School also have school farms through local farmer Quint Redmond’s company, Agriburbia. McGlone’s will be harvested this fall, while Bradley’s farm will be planted for the first time this spring.
Since Sept. 8, Sprout City Farms has delivered more than 250 pounds of fresh and super‐local vegetables direct to Denver Green School’s cafeteria. The 1‐acre farm is located on school grounds less than 200 yards from the cafeteria door.
Sprout City Farms is currently fundraising to support the long‐term sustainability of its efforts, including the Farm‐to‐Cafeteria program.
Pro chef wows Iowa Elementary School students
Chef Jorge de la Torre, dean of culinary education at Johnson & Wales University, recently visited Iowa Elementary School in Aurora to share his tips on good nutrition and great tasting food. Students eagerly watched as Chef Jorge prepared nutritious snacks. They learned about food safety and later got to taste a sampling of cucumbers prepared with chili powder and lime.
Chef De la Torre’s visit was part of Iowa’s Project G.R.O.W.L. (Getting Ready for Outstanding Wellness Learning). Chef Jorge has partnered with Iowa in Michelle Obama’s Chefs Move to Schools program. He will be returning to Iowa over the course of the year to give more demos.
Project G.R.O.W.L. also includes the garden that was started last spring and a Food/Garden Club sponsored by the PTSA and run by parent volunteer Laurie Schneyer. “Miss Laurie” wants the kids at Iowa to understand where their food comes from, how to grow their own, and then how to create nutritious meals from it.
The garden and food/garden club are partially sponsored by Slow Food Denver’s Seed to Table program.
Boulder Valley schools team up with FoodPlay
Students at 10 elementary schools throughout Boulder Valley School District will get to see FoodPlay in school assemblies next week, thanks to grants from the USDA and Colorado Health Foundation. FoodPlay is a national award-winning theater show that promotes healthy eating and exercise habits.
During the fun-filled performance, children follow the antics of Johnny Junkfood, whose dream is to become a national juggling star, but he keeps dropping the balls. The problem – his poor eating habits! With the help of the “Coach” of the National Junior Juggling Team and the audience of enthusiastic elementary school children, Johnny learns how to juggle the foods he eats to wind up with a balanced diet. The show helps children learn how to see through TV commercials, decipher food labels, and make choices that are good for their health and good for the health of the planet. As the children walk away to the beat of “Treat Your Body Right!” FoodPlay’s message comes in loud and clear – feed healthy foods to your body, positive messages to your mind, and have fun being active every day.
“We have to fight fire with fire,” says FoodPlay creator and Executive Director Barbara Storper, MS, RD.
“We need to use the same techniques advertisers use in order to get kids excited about healthy foods and healthy practices. And, schools are the perfect setting to model healthy behaviors and educate students on how to make their choices healthy ones. Once kids get the facts, they become the most effective health advocates, bringing the message back home.”
(Read a story about the FoodPlay program in the Broomfield Enterprise.)
There will also be a Rainbow Day during lunch time at each of the schools on the day of their assembly. Called the “Make a Rainbow on Your Tray” campaign, this initiative challenges students to create colorful creations from the salad bar. Interns, volunteers, and parents stationed at the school encourage the students, take pictures of great looking salads and hand out “I made a Rainbow at the Salad Bar Today” stickers after students have proved that they not only put colorful foods on their tray, but ate them as well.
Aurora students learn about nutrition and healthy lifestyles
Students at Aurora Frontier K-8 were “treated” to a Love Grown Foods yogurt parfait and gained knowledge and understanding about how nutrition can promote a healthy lifestyle thanks to a collaboration between community business and schools. Maddy D’Amato, Chief Love Officer, of Love Grown Foods spent the day with students K-8 sharing expertise on nutrition, health, and food choices.
That is the basis of Love Grown Foods, a local company in North Denver. P.E. Teacher, Jennifer Handy, thought it would be a great idea to show kids real people in the community that are advocating for health. “When kids understand more about food, they can make better choices,” states Mrs. Handy.
Throughout the session students moved like brooms, emulating how fiber cleans out the digestive system. They learned how eating a healthy breakfast makes you smarter. They saw firsthand the positive and negative effects food choices can have on the human body.
In the end, not only did students leave with a healthy snack to share with friends and family, they will take with them information that will guide their choices for life. Empowering children to make healthy decisions is a huge responsibility that should be fostered by home, school, and the community. “This just warms my heart,” said Maddy as the kids crowded around her and thanked her for her expertise and sharing it with them.
School soda bans don’t stop sugary-drink consumption, study says
Teens between age 14 and 18 get more calories from soda than any other single food or drink, research shows, and kids who drink soda and other sugar-sweetened beverages are more likely to be overweight or obese. So health experts who would like to reverse the rise in childhood obesity often focus on reducing kids’ access to these sugary drinks. But a new study has some discouraging news: Students in schools that limited sales of soda and other sugary beverages on campus consumed just as many of the drinks, overall, as students in schools without any such restrictions. Read more in the Los Angeles Times. | 2.515625 |
The Absurdity of Modern Agriculture - From Chemical Fertilizers and Agropoisons to Biotechnology
by José A. Lutzenberger
Revised Edition October 1998
In the controversy that is reigning today around biotechnology, as applied to agriculture, there is a lot of misinformation resulting in unnecessary worry in some areas and a much more serious lack of worry in others. We need to look at the whole picture in order to understand why and how agricultural production is increasingly dominated by giant corporations. The present, almost total control of biotechnology by big business is only the culmination of a process that has been going on for the last three quarters of a century. Let's look at the panorama of agriculture from todays perspective.
Farming was invented sometime between ten and fifteen thousand years ago, and in the last two or three thousand years it evolved into locally adapted, beautiful and sustainable peasant cultures in many regions around the world, especially in Europe, Asia, Mexico, Central America, the Andes, and in some places in Africa. From early colonization, American farmers, inspite of many disasters, such as the dust bowl, also developed beautiful farming systems, that were on their way to becomming sustainable. Many of these cultures were still intact right until the end of World War II. The few now remaining are being disrupted.
Industry has succeeded in successively appropriating from the farmers more and more of their activities, taking away from them all that enables it to reap secure profits and leaving the risks with the farmers - the risk of bad harvests from bad weather and the risk of losing money due to growing dependency on inputs that have to be purchased at rising prices and having to sell their produce at continuosly falling prices.
The conventional argument in favour of the methods of modern agriculture is that they are the only efficient way of solving the problem of world hunger and of feeding the masses that are still to come with the population explosion. But this is an illusion. Of course, traditional peasant methods could be improved with the scientific knowledge we have today of how plants grow, of soil structure, soil chemistry and soil life, as well as of plant metabolism and so on. But the improvement need not to be in the direction of gigantic monocultures, highly mechanized and with all the paraphernalia of commercial fertilizers and synthetic poisons, with agricultural produce being transported all around the globe. Big monoculture was an invention of colonialism. The colonial powers could not extract much from the traditional peasantry with their highly diversified crops for subsistence and for local and regional markets. They wanted great amounts of cotton, sugar, coffee, tea, cocoa and others. This led to the uprooting of millions of people and was also at the root for the slave trade from Africa to the Americas, one of the greatest calamities of human history.
But, the fundamental problem with modern agriculture is that it is not sustainable. Even if it were as productive as is claimed, disaster will only be postponed and will then be much worse. If we are to feed the growing masses - of course we will have to find ways of bringing our numbers under control - then we must develop methods of sustainable agricultural production.
With very few exceptions traditional peasants had developed sustainable methods. Chinese farmers, f.i., for three thousand years obtained high productivity from their soils without compromising fertility. On the contrary, they build up and maintained maximum soil fertility. Modern regenerative farmers are learning to become more and more sustainable with optimum yields and locally adapted methods, while recovering and maintaining biodiversity in their cultivars and in the surrounding landscape. Let's call them regenerative farmers, not biological, organic or alternative. When we deal with life, everything, whether good or bad, is biological, is organic, even mass slaughter. Alternative only means different, it could be worse. But regenerative means that it regenerates what had been lost or destroyed.
Modern agriculture has stepped outside of the logic of natural living systems. All natural ecosystems have automatic internal feedbacks that, from the very beginning, such as when a new barren piece of land, let's say, the slope of a volcano, is conquered, make environmental conditions improve until a climax of maximum sustainable biological activity is achieved. Our modern agricultural ecossystems do the exact opposite, we then impose feedbacks (agri-chemistry) that increasingly degrade the environment and impoverish biodiversity.
Unfortunately, modern farming succeds by mining the soil and replacing lost fertility with imported nutrients. Commercial fertilizers, such as phosphates come from mines that will soon be exhausted, potash mines are more plentiful, but nitrogen, the most important element in modern agricultural productivity, even though it comes from the atmosphere, a virtually inexhaustible source, is obtained in the Haber-Bosch ammonia synthesis, a process that consumes enormous amounts of energy, mostly energy from fossil fuels. Even when it is energy from hydropower, it is electricity that could be saving fossil fuels somewhere else. All the other inputs, such as agri-poisons and increasingly heavy machinery, are also highly energy-intensive.
But agriculture, if we look at it from a holistic, ecological perspective, is a scheme for harvesting solar energy via photosynthesis. Whereas all forms of traditional agriculture had a positive energy balance, modern agriculture has perverted even this fundamental aspect. Most of it has become a net consumer of energy. Almost all of its supposedly highly productive operations require more fossil energy, on the whole, than is contained in their produce. To use a fitting metaphor, it has become like an oil well where the engine that drives the pump consumes more fuel then it can bring up. This kind of operation can only survive with subsidies...
It is claimed that modern agriculture is so efficient that only about 2% of the population can feed the whole population. Until the turn of the century, in Europe, in the US and in most countries, about 60% of the population worked on the land. By the end of the last World War it was still close to 40%. Today, in the US less than 2% of the population are farmers. In most European countries the figure is approaching 2%, as farmers are still forced to give up. Now, when it is said that in a modern economy only 2% of the people can feed the whole population, as against 60 or 40% in the past, that is either an illusion or a lie, it is based on a wrong comparison.
In the context of the economy as a whole the old peasant was a system of production and distribution of food that also produced its own inputs. Soil fertility was maintained with dung, crop rotation, companion planting, green manure, compost, mulching and fallow; the seed were selected from the best of each crop; draught animals supplied the energy; in the mills it was wind or water power. It was all solar energy. Most of the farmer's produce was delivered almost into the hands of the consumer on the weekly market.
But the modern farmer is only a little cog in an enormous techno-bureaucratic infrastructure that requires even special legislation and heavy subsidies. Compared to his predecessors who did almost everything that had to do with food production, processing and distribution, he is not much more than a tractor driver and poison sprayer.
After the last World War, when Germany was totally devastated, it is true that the Marshall Plan helped, but, more important was the fact that city people could swarm out into the country to "hamster", that is, barter anything of value, a watch, a ring, a piano for some food. The farmers had food, they had grain, beans, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, milk, cheese, chicken, geese, an much more.
We need no war today to put European farmers in a position where they themselves would have to go "hamster". But then, where? Not a single bomb need fall. Collapses in energy, in transportation, especially importation of mineral fertilizers and cattle feed, in the banking system and even in communication and the computer networks, could do it. Amazing, that the military do not seem to be concerned. Fundamentally, national security depends on healthy, sustainable farming.
Today's system of food (including fiber and a few other non-food items) production and distribution begins in the oil fields and all kinds of mines for metal and other raw materials, goes through the refineries, steel and aluminum smelters, etc., the chemical industry, the machine industry, the banking system, the all embracing transportation system (mostly fossil fuel consuming), computer, supermarket, packaging industry and a whole new complex of industries that hardly existed in the past - the food manipulating industry that rather deserves the name food denaturing and contaminating (with additives) industry. If we want to compare today's farmer with traditional peasants, then all the working hours in the above mentioned industries and a few others, as well as some services, such as junk food joints, to the extent that they directly or indirectly contribute to the production, manipulation and distribution of food, must be added up. This should even include the working hours that correspond to the money that has to be earned in order to pay for the taxes that pay for the subsidies.It is significant that the biggest chunk of the subsidies goes not to the farmer but to the industrial complex. The farmer is always left on the brink of foreclosure.
A complete balance of this type would certainly show that today, in a modern economy, also about forty or more percent of all the working hours go into the production, handling and distribution of food. But today's conventional economists, those whom our governments listen to, in their non-holistic worldview, list the tractor and combine factory with the machine industry, the chemical fertilizer and agri-poison factories with the chemical industry and so on, as if they had nothing to do with food.
What we have then, with a few exceptions, is a redistribution of tasks and certain forms of concentration of power in big business, not more efficiency in agriculture.
Let us look in more detail at some of the decisive aspects: more often than not the modern food producing and distributing system, apart from not being more productive in terms of manpower is also not more productive in terms of yield per acre. In many cases, such as in intensive animal rearing, it is even destructive, it destroys more food than it produces.
In the South of Brazil, during the past half century the great subtropical forest of the Uruguay valley was completely obliterated, leaving only a few small relics. The forest was cleared and burned with almost total destruction of the timber, to give way for soybean moncultures. This was not done to relieve the problem of hunger in the poor regions of Brazil but to enrich a minority ( people with no agricultural tradition ) with the export to the European Common Market for cattle feed. The soybean plantations are among the most modern - large, highly mechanised and with the usual chemical inputs. They are in no way backward compared to the same type of plantation in the US. In our subtropical climate the farmer has the added advantage of being able to grow wheat, barley, rye or oats or to make hay and silage in winter on the same soil. Compared to what our peasant farmers did on similar soils, productivity is low, seldom more than three tons of grain (total, summer and winter) per hectare. The peasant, who produced to feed the local population, easily produced fifteen tons of food per hectare, diversifiying with maniok, sweet potatoes, irish potatoes, sugar cane and grains, plus vegetables, grapes and all kinds of fruit, hay and silage for his cattle, and he had chicken and pigs.
Not withstanding this reality, official agricultural policies have always supported the big guy at the expense of the peasant. Hundreds of thousands of them had to give up and either went to the cities, often to the slums, or migrated further north all the way to the Amazon rain forest. Tremendous devastation was caused with World Bank money in the State of Rondônia, and the small farmers who were settled there, not knowing how to farm in the tropics and with no help, are mostly failing, leaving devastation behind while new forest is cleared further on. In Central Brazil, the Cerrado, the South American equivalent of the African Savannah, is now being almost totally destroyed for still more soybean plantations, one of them over a hundred thousand hectares in one contiguous piece. In its biodiversity the Cerrado is as precious as the tropical rainforest, in some of its parts, even more so.
In one concrete example it is also argued that the Indian peasants in Chiapas, Mexico, who ar now fighting for their survival by rebelling against NAFTA, the North American Common Market, are backward, they produce only two tons of maize per hectare as against six on modern Mexican plantations. But this is only part of the picture, the modern plantation produces six tons per hectare and that's it. But the Indian grows a mixed crop - among his corn stalks, that also serve as support for climbing beans, he grows squash and pumpkins, sweet potatoes, tomatos and all sorts of vegetables, fruit and medicinal herbs. From the same hectare he also feeds his cattle and chicken. He easily produces more than fifteen tons of food per hectare and all without commercial fertilizers or pesticides and no assistance from banks or governments or transnational corporations.
The uprooting of people such as these is the continuation of one of the greatest disasters of modern times. When they land in the slums of the cities they will have to buy food grown on farms that are less productive than they were. On balance there then is less food and more people to feed. Often their land is then taken over by extensive cattle ranchers who seldom produce more than 50 kg of meat per ha/y. Hundreds of similar stories could be told. In the case of Chiapas, every valey spoke a different language, had a different culture. On top of all the personal calamities, when the landscape is cleared of its traditional peasants we have cultural genocide!
In the case of mass animal rearing for meat and eggs the methods are downright destructive, much more food for humans is destroyed than is produced. The chicken in their sad concentration camps or egg factories, euphemistically called "chicken farms" are fed "scientifically balanced" rations consisting of cereal grains, soybeans, palm oil cake or tapioca, often with fish meal. We know cases in Brazil where their feed contains powdered milk from the European Common Market. This puts them in a position of competition with humans, we feed them from our crops. A total absurdity if the aim is to contribute to solving the problem of world hunger. In traditional agriculture chicken ate insects, worms, manure, herbs and grasses and refuse from kitchen and crops, thus increasing the carrying capacity of the farmers land for humans. Now they diminish it.
The ratio of transformation of feed to human food is close to twenty to one. We must take into consideration that half the weight of the living animal - feathers, bones, intestines - is not consumed by us and we must also take into account that the concentrated feed rations are dried with a high input of energy to a maximum of 12% of water while meat is up to 80% water. In the feeding barn the most efficient operations use about 2,2 kg of ration to obtain 1kg of living weight of chicken, half of which is human food. So 2.2 to 1 becomes 4.4 to 1. Correcting for water content: 4.4 times 0.88 and 1 times 0.2 we get 3.87 to 0.2 equals 19.36 to one.
More recently, some of our chicken companies have "improved" the ratio somewhat by including in the rations offals from the chicken's predecessors in the slaughterhouse, thus forcing them to canibalism (!). One more aspect of the absurdity of it all: the "scientifically balanced" rations contain nothing green, same for pigs. But chicken and pigs are voracious eaters of herbs, grasses, fruits, nuts, roots. In our experiments with sustainable farming we also feed them waterplants, with great success - healthy animals, no antibiotics, no drugs, no veterinarians.
And then, in the chicken concentration camps and egg factories as well as in the modern pig dungeons the poor creatures live under conditions of extreme stress.
It is time we bust the lie that only agriculture as promoted by technocracy can save mankind from starvation. The opposite is true.
We need a new form of economic accounting that, when it adds up what is called "productivity" or "progress" in farming also deducts all the costs: the human calamities, the environmental devastation, the loss of biological diversity in the landscape and the even more tremendous loss of biodiversity in our cultivars. This second aspect will now be enormously agravated with biotechnology as handled by big business, as we will see farther down. And, most important and decisive, the unsustainability of it all. Do we have a right to act as if we were the last generation?
In the case of industrial chicken operations it is easy to see how such destructive methods developed. I am talking of what I observe here in Southern Brazil - Brazil is a big exporter of chicken meat, mostly to the Middle East and Japan. From very simple schemes, where small, individual entrepreneurs confined chicken in a barn and fed them maize, the system coalesced and grew to the point where, today, we have half a dozen very large companies and a few small ones. The big slaughterhouses kill and process up to hundreds of thousands of chicken a day. They operate according to rules, established by them, that they call "vertical integration". The "producer"signs a contract where he accepts buying all his inputs, hatched chicken, feed and drugs, from the company. Even if he is a farmer and happens to have plenty of grain, he is not allowed to feed it to his chicken. He must buy the ready made ration, but he can sell his maize to the ration factory that belongs to the same company that owns the slaughterhouse and that also owns the hatcheries that produce the chicks. These operate a different type of chicken concentration camp where the prisoners are cocks and hens, one cock to ten hens. The hens are not in small cages as in the egg factories, they can move freely within the barn and jump into ample nests for laying. (In the conveyer belt operations of the egg factories, called batteries, the poor hens sit, three to a cage, on a wire grid and the eggs roll out). The chicks produced in these hatcheries are not traditional chicken races anymore, they are registered brands and they are hybrid chicken. Just like hybrid maize they cannot be reproduced true to race.
After buying all his inputs from the company he signed his contract with he can only sell to the same company. He is not even allowed to sell to one of its competitors, and they would not take it. So he may live with the illusion that he is a selfemployed small entrepreneur, but his real situation is that of a worker with unlimited working hours, no weekends, no holidays and no vacations and he has to pay for his own social security. If the big company worked with hired workers they could not make it, it would be too expensive and too risky. They leave all the risks with the producer : loss through disease plus additional costs with drugs and antibiotics, heat stroke (a common disaster during hot summer days, when hundreds or thousands of chicken die in the crammed and badly ventilated conditions of the barns), loss during transportation. The chicken that die in the company's trucks on the way to the slaughterhouse are also discounted. His profits are also constantly shrinking with the growing prices for inputs and falling proceeds from his sales. The producer's margin is so tight that, even if everything goes well, but if he has to feed his animals a few more extra days, his profit may evaporate or even turn into a loss. This is a common occurence. The slaughterhouse schedules its trips for the collection of the ready chicken according to its own convenience. As for possible windfalls to the company from obtaining better prices in the export markets, there is no sharing with the producer...
So, chicken concentration camps have nothing to do with higher productivity to help save Mankind from starvation - in fact, they contribute to the problem - but they concentrate capital and power by creating dependency.
These methods were not invented by farmers. It could not possibly occur to a farmer in a healthy peasant culture to massively feed his grain to chicken, unless it were rotten grain, and isolating them from their natural food source, thus wasting part of his soil's carrying capacity for humans, while destroying part of his harvest. These methods are also not the result of a concerted conspiracy by technocracy. Such schemes grow naturally from an initial "seed" that may have had a completely different intention. In this case, as was the case with agri-chemistry, it was the war effort. The conspiracy grew organically over time. During the last World War the American government initiated the subsidy system for grain production which led to enormous surpluses. So, agricultural authorities looked for "non-human uses" for grain... "Vertical integration" is only the momentary stage in the process of concentration of power. Soon they will find ways of banning - by special legislation -the rearing of free roaming chicken by independent farmers. They already tried, unsuccessfully, but they succeeded in making it very difficult for small farmers to sell eggs from such chickens on the open market.
In the case of hybrid maize, there was also no conspiracy at the beginning, it came later. Plant breeders discovered that by crossing two super-pure strains of maize - strains obtained by inbreeding for eight to ten generations - one obtained plants of high productivity and perfect uniformity. For them it must have been a disappointment when it turned out that the cross was not stable. Upon reseeding it "Mendeled out" so to say, according to Mendel's law of desegregation. The new crop was chaotic - tall stalks, short stalks, one cob, many cobs, different color, shape and quality of grain. But, from the point of view of the seed merchant, it was a true advantage! Now the farmer could not save his own seed, he had to buy new seed every year. The merchant did not even need the protection of a patent.
Fortunately for most crops, especially grains such as wheat, barley, rye and oats, this type of hybridization is not yet economically feasible for the breeders. They are trying with every cultivar they can get their hands on. It works with chicken. In Southern Brazil we have to have an association that aims at preserving traditional chicken races. Most are now threatened with extinction. Some are already gone. Only the registered brands of hybrid chicken are not threatened. As for maize, almost all the traditional varieties are gone. If a farmer wants to grow one of them he gets no credit from the bank. Only the "registered" varieties are accepted.
Now, direct genetic manipulation, called biotechnology, that operates at the chromosome level, gives breeder's a shortcut in the direction of taking control of cultivars away from the farmer. But, since most of the products of direct gene manipulation do not desegregate in reproduction the breeders now need patents. We'll come back to that.
Let us first see what the "seeds" for modern agri-chemistry were.
Until the end of the forties agricultural research looked for biological solutions. The perspective was ecological, though there was hardly any talk of ecology. Had this trend been allowed to continue we would today have many forms of locally adapted highly productive, sustainable agriculture. But beginning in the fifties the chemical industry managed to fix a new paradigm - in the schools, in agricultural research and extension. Let´s call it the NPK+P- Paradigm. NPK stands for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potash (Kalium), the second P for pesticide or rather poison.
Commercial fertilizers became big business after World War I. Right at the beginning of the war the Allied blockade cut the Germans off from chilean nitrate, essential for the production of explosives. The Haber-Bosch process for the fixation of nitrogen from the air, mentioned above, was known but had not been exploited commercially yet. So the Germans set up enormous production capacities and managed to fight for four years. One wonders what the world would be had this process not been known. The first World War would not have really gotten off, there would have been no Treaty of Versailles, therefore no Hitler...! How one technology can change the course of history!
When the war was over, there were enormous stocks and production capacities but there was no more market for explosives. Industry then decided to push nitrogen fertilizers onto agriculture. Up until then farmers were quite content with their organic methods of maintaining and increasing soil fertility. Chilean saltpeter and guano were used in a very limited way, only on special crops, mainly in intensive gardening. Nitrogen fertilizers in the form of concentrated, almost pure salts, the nitrates and ammonia fertilizers, are kind of addictive, the more you use the more you have to use. They soon became very big business. So the industry developed a complete spectrum, including phosphorus, potash, calcium, the microelements, even in the form of complex salts, applied in granulated form, sometimes applied from a plane.
The second World War gave a big push to a small, almost insignificant pesticide industry, and really got it started on a big scale. Today hundreds of billions of dollars worth of poisons are spread al over the planet.. During the First World War poison gas was used only once, with devastating effect on both sides, therefore never used again. During the Second World War, no gases were applied in battle, but a lot of research was conducted.. Bayer, among others, were in this game. They developed the phosphoric acid esters. After the war they had large production capacities and stocks and they decided that what kills people should also kill insects. They made new formulations of the stuff and sold it as insecticide.
DDT was known as a laboratory curiosity. When Müller, at Geigy, discovered that it killed insects without, apparently, affecting people, he alerted the American Armed forces who were suffering from Malaria in the Pacific, while fighting the Japanese. They used it in a totally illconsidered way - convinced as they were of its harmlessness - spraying it blanketwise over whole landscapes and even into homes and, under standing peoples clothes.
Shortly before the end of the war in the Pacific an American freighter was on its way to Manila with a load of potent plant killers of the 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T group. The intention was to starve the Japanese by destroying their crops by spraying the plant poison from the air. It was too late. The boat was ordered back before it arrived. Another group of Americans had dropped the atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, a terrible story everybody knows, and the Japanese signed the armistice. Same story: large production capacities, enormous stocks with no buyer. The stuff was reformulated as "herbicide" and unloaded on the farmers. Later, during the Vietnam war, the American Armed Forces ruthlessly sprayed what they called "Agent Orange" (and other colors) on millions of hectares of tropical forest, pretending it to be only a "defoliant" to make the enemy forces visible. In fact, these formulations contained high concentrations of 2,4,5-D that totally destroyed the forest.
Industry, wanting to preserve into peacetime what had become big business during wars, managed to almost completely take over agricultural research and to redirect it to its own aims. It also coopted official research and extension as well as schools and, lobbying for adequate legislation or regulation and setting up banking schemes for (apparently) easy credit, put the farmer in a position where there were hardly any alternatives left. Today the agrichemical paradigm is accepted almost without question in the agricultural schools, in research and extension. The majority of farmers, even those who are uprooted, believe in it and often blame themselves for their incapacity to cope.
All this came about not as a deliberate conspiracy by evil-minded people, it just developed and structured itself from opportunism to opportunism. To the extent that a new technique, process or regulation gave somebody or some institution advantage, that technology was pushed and ideologically consolidated. Alternatives that did not fit in with the growing powerstructures were fought, ignored or demoralised
Now, in the case of biotechnology in agriculture controlled by big transnational corporations, it seems that we do have a true conspiracy and that the damages will be much more irreversible than what we had up to now.
The main issue here is not so much whether our food will become of inferior quality and even harmful - even though it may - but, again, it is a question of adding up still more structures of dependency, of domination over remaining farmers and limitation of choice for the consumer.
The fantastic diversity of cultivars we had and still have today after the tremendous loss caused by the "Green Revolution" during the last few decades, is the result of conscious and unconscious selection by peasants themselves through the centuries and millenia. Just think of the family of Cruciferae - cabbage, Chinese cabbage, radish, turnip, mustard, cauliflower, broccoli, colsa and many others. None of these farmers ever asked for patents, registration or certification...
Now industries, such as Monsanto, want us to accept their genetic manipulations from that preexisting wealth, such as "Roundup-ready soybeans" with the argument that they are only continuing and accelerating that process, thus contributing to solving the problem of feeding Mankind. They even insist that there is no other way. They know quite well there are alternatives, better, healthier, cheaper ones.
Everybody knows that agriculture must find ways of getting away from poisons. We have all the knowledge necessary. Thousands of organic farmers all over the world are proof of it. With herbicide resistant cultivars the industry wants to sell a package, seed plus herbicide, forcing the farmer to use a herbicide, even if he doesn't need it and to use their herbicide. In the case of cultivars with the infamous "terminator gene" the conspiracy is even more obvious. With this kind of seed they don't even have to go into the trouble of applying for patents. All this has nothing to do with increased productivity, it is the culmination of the ongoing process of disappropriating farmers, to turn the surviving ones into mere appendices of industry. It will aggravate uprooting, social disruption, environmental devastation and loss of biodiversity in Nature and in our cultivars, it will aggravate the problem of hunger.
Voltar ao índice | 2.515625 |
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1. At the point in the year when the item being discussed is being harvested and/or at its peak ripeness, most plentiful, etc. Tomatoes won't be in season until late summer.
2. At the point in the year when it is legal to hunt or catch the animal being discussed. Make sure you know what's in season before you go out hunting—the regulations are very strict.
3. Of an animal, in its breeding period; in heat. Be sure to steer clear of the bison when they're in season.
1. [of a game animal] subject to legal hunting. You cannot shoot ducks. They are not in season.
2. [of a female animal] ready to breed; in estrus; in heat. The cat's in season again.
3. to be currently available for selling. (Some foods and other things are available only at certain seasons. *Typically: be ~; come [into] ~.) Oysters are available in season. Strawberries aren't in season in January.
1. At the right time, opportunely, as in "The two young men desired to get back again in good season" (Charles Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit, 1844).
2. Available and ready for eating, or other use; also, legal for hunting or fishing. For example, Strawberries are now in season, or Let me know when trout are in season and I'll go fishing with you. Both usages date from the 1300s, as does the antonym out of season, used for "inopportunely," "unavailable," and also for "not in fashion." For example, Sorry, oysters are out of season this month, or This style used to be very popular, but it's been out of season for several years.
ˌin/ˌout of ˈseason
1 (of fruit, vegetables, fish, etc.) available/not available in shops/stores because it is the right/wrong time of year for them: Peaches are in season at the moment.
2 at the time of year when many/few people go on holiday/vacation: Hotels are much cheaper out of season.
3 during the time of year when you can/cannot hunt animals: You can’t shoot ducks out of season.
1. Available or ready for eating or other use.
2. Legally permitted to be caught or hunted during a specified period.
3. At the right moment; opportunely.
4. In heat. Used of animals. | 2.515625 |
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When heading a minority government, Prime Minister Stephen Harper prorogued parliament on two occasions to avoid defeat.
When his government was found in contempt of parliament for failing to reveal costs of new fighter bombers the transgression did not hurt his political fortunes. Shortly thereafter, in 2011, his minority government was re-elected with a majority.
With a majority, the Harper Conservatives invoked "time allocation" over 100 times to cut off debate in parliament. Harper used so-called omnibus bills to hide what was intended to happen as a consequence of their adoption.
In 2013, the concentration of power in the prime minister's hands provoked Conservative back bench MP Michael Chong (now a leadership candidate) to propose a reform of parliament act that was adopted in a watered down version.
In campaigning against the Harper Conservatives, the Trudeau Liberals pledged to make government open and fair. Importantly the Liberals would ensure that parliament reflected the voices of Canadians.
The best way to make the Liberal pledge to give Canadians a voice a reality is through opening the parliamentary committee system to the public.
Imagine a parliamentary committee charged with ending homelessness that traveled the country, media in tow, visiting down and out sites, interviewing social workers, and the homeless themselves, before bringing forward an anti-poverty, homes-for-all strategy.
Under current practices, such direct action by parliamentarians is impossible. Controversial subjects are treated with great care, if addressed at all.
Partisan squabbling has transformed committee work. Witnesses are vetted for their support before being invited to appear before committees. Independent research is downplayed or ignored.
Open government has a better chance of working when the party in power has been fairly elected.
Meaningful changes to parliament are unlikely so long as a party with the support of only 40 per cent of voters can form a majority government, and carry on without seeking support across party lines.
As part of open and fair government, the Liberals pledged to reform the electoral system.
Proportional representation would eliminate phony parliamentary "majorities" elected with far less than majority support from Canadian voters.
Scottish parliamentary committees function harmoniously when compared to the U.K. parliament. The Scots elect Holyrood by proportional representation, while first-past-the-post elects MPs to Westminster.
The Liberals convened a parliamentary committee on electoral reform. When it refused to play along with the Liberal “ranked ballot” approach, Justin Trudeau abandoned his promise to deliver reform in the first 18 months of his mandate.
In a discussion paper the Liberals are now proposing measures that have aroused suspicions in the committee charged with recommending Liberal amendments to the Standing Orders of Parliament.
The Liberals want MPs to have more time in their ridings. Their discussion paper suggests shortening the parliamentary week by eliminating Friday sessions. Such a move would help incumbent MPs campaign for re-election, favouring the Liberals.
The idea of having one day set aside for prime ministerial questions would allow the Liberals to showcase their popular leader once a week, while freeing him up to travel the country shoring up support, without having to prepare for question period the other four days of the week.
The Liberal proposals, and their insistence on dealing with procedural reform before the end of June, have angered the opposition parties who are filibustering the procedural affairs proceedings in committee.
Unlikely allies, the Conservatives and New Democrats are working together to shed some light on a power grab by the Liberals.
Betrayal of parliamentary government has a history. In 1956, the Louis St. Laurent Liberals invoked closure on the pipeline debate, and the Progressive Conservatives were able to turn the issue to their advantage. John Diefenbaker led the PC party to victory in the 1957 election pointing to the arrogant treatment of parliament.
Since that time, parliament has been routinely ignored, or given short shrift, by governments without it producing enough public anger to make for democratic reforms.
Parliamentary business receives little media coverage, particularly at the committee level.
The real business of governments is carried out behind closed doors in meetings between lobby groups and Liberal (or Conservative) ministers and/or officials of the PMO.
Like electoral reform, open and fair government would be more likely to result from a coalition government where power was shared between two or more parties.
Centralized power in the hands of a prime minister -- with decisions taken in consultation with the closest of associates -- provides too much security and too many rewards to the first-among-equals to expect more than betrayal of promises to share power more democratically with parliamentarians.
Duncan Cameron is former president of rabble.ca and writes a weekly column on politics and current affairs.
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It is sometimes suggested that Islamic countries are particularly corrupt. In the second article in this series, I seek to test whether this suggestion has any basis in fact, and whether such associations can be found for other religions.
I have looked at the Corruption Perception Index of countries as assessed by Transparency International and whether there is any apparent relationship with the religions of those countries as documented on Wikipedia.
Transparency International scores countries on a scale of 0 (most corrupt) to 100 (least corrupt), which I find somewhat confusing. For this article I have subtracted the scores from 100 so that higher scores correspond to more corruption.
The Wikipedia article breaks countries down by religion in seven categories, which it calls Christian, Islam[ic], Irreligion (atheism), Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish, Folk Religion and Other Religion. The accuracy of these classification might reasonably be questioned – they appear to be cultural designations rather a measure of active faith – but for the purposes of this study they are used as provided.
For each religion, I have plotted the modified Corruption Perception Index scores against percentage adherence to that religion for all counties for which the data were available, with a line of best fit and a confidence region.
The graphs below plot the modified scores against percentage of adherents to religions, with each point representing a country, the total country population displayed as the size of the point and the various continents in different colours.
There is a negative correlation between Corruption and Christianity, that is, Christianity is associated with less corruption, but the relationship is not especially impressive. There are non-Christian countries with low corruption scores (Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan) and (at least nominally) Christian countries with high ones (Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of Congo, Burundi, Venezuala).
There is a positive correlation between Corruption and Islam, that is, Islam is associated with more corruption. There are few Muslim countries with low scores (only Brunei, Qatar and United Arab Emirates are >50% Muslim and <50% Corrupt) and there are non-Muslim countries with high ones (Angola, South Sudan, Venezuela and North Korea being the most extreme).
There is a negative correlation between Corruption and what Wikipedia calls Irreligion (Atheism), though there are few countries where Irreligion is very high (the Czech Republic being the exception) and this creates some uncertainty in the relationship.
Once again, the data give little insight for Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Folk Religion and Other Religion.
So what can we conclude from this, and what can’t we conclude?
Clearly, there appears to be some basis for the perception that Islamic societies are corrupt, that Christian societies are not (weaker) and that societies with a higher proportion of atheists are not.
Again, it does not follow that Islam causes corruption – corruption could lead people to Islam (though it’s not clear how) or some other, confounding, characteristic could both cause corruption and lead people to Islam (though it’s not clear what). But the most obvious explanation may also be true. Similarly, it may be that atheism protects from corruption, but it could also be that open societies are the ones that allow people to identify openly as atheists. Studies using whole-of-population statistics like this one cannot answer these questions.
It does not follow that the Muslims are the corrupt ones, though this is the most obvious explanation and may be true. An examination of Islamic history may help clarify whether this is plausible. Similarly, it does not follow that Christians or atheists oppose corruption, though they may.
Again, it could be argued that Islamic societies tolerate some corruption in the pursuit of some more important good. It is not clear what this might be, but the reader is invited to offer suggestions. I intend to address such possibilities in future investigations.
Finally, the data is a snapshot in time, because now is the time that interests us and we have data for it, so no statement can be made about how these relationships might be different at another point in history or whether they are consistent.
The study shows an association between Corruption and Islam, which is positive (more Islam = more corruption).
The study shows an association between Corruption and Christianity, which is negative (more Christianity = less corruption) but somewhat unimpressive.
The study shows an association between Corruption and Atheism, which is negative (more atheism = less corruption).
The data are not useful for examining other religions. | 2.515625 |
Public health is the science and art of generating healthy communities through education, research and promotion of healthy lifestyles. The impressive Veterans Administration program of Centers of Excellence (COE) is well organized and seems designed to give and to further develop the most correct, benefits-driven, up-to-date, and effective healthcare solutions to American Veterans.
Dia juga bekerja sebagai konsultan atau anggota berbagai komite untuk National Institutes of Wellness, American Public Health Association, US Public Wellness Service, US Department of Well being and Human Solutions, US Agency for International Development, dan Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia.
This is ridiculous, and may represent public overall health malpractice, considering that scolding sufferers for quitting smoking violates any nursing common of care and will likely trigger harm by discouraging these sufferers from continuing to avoid smoking by utilizing vaping items instead.
The Canadian Journal of Public Well being is a skilled journal which carries a wide range of in-depth articles on all aspects of public overall health, such as epidemiology, nutrition, household health, environmental health, sexually transmitted ailments, gerontology, behavioural medicine, rural well being, wellness promotion and public wellness policy.
Martial Arts Masters at the rank of 5th degree black belt and greater – and Traditional Native American overall health practitioners – could have massage, bone setting, relaxation or trance-induction, and herbal medicine education , but may or could not be state-certified – If you contemplate such a professional, ask for references and note regardless of whether he/she has been practicing for a sufficient quantity of years to have enough understanding and capabilities. | 2.515625 |
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Zain is a Kuwait based international telecommunications company that was established in 1983. The company was formerly known as MTC and started off as Kuwait’s national telecoms company (Business.com, 2012, p. 1). The company has gone global and currently runs business in 22 countries across different continents with most of its recent acquisitions being in Africa, where it has ventured into markets such as Nigeria and Kenya. The company is still targeting to make new acquisitions and is thus highly likely to expand further beyond its Kuwaiti home. The company’s venture in to the developing world and other less developed regions presents a number of challenges such as access to power. An estimated 1.6 billion people lack electricity access across the globe and most of these people reside in emerging markets. As such, mobile network operators such as Zain have to seek means of generating their own power, which is very challenging considering that most of these regions are of the grid. In order to reach this population mobile operators such as Zain have to mainly rely on diesel generators to provide power to their base stations. These diesel powered towers are indeed a challenge because they are not environmentally friendly in this era of increasing global warming. Global warming is part of the serious environmental challenges that the world faces in this period of increasing climate changes. According to the “Intergovernmental Panel on Climate” (IPCC), there is a need to half greenhouse gas emissions before we reach the middle of the century in order to avoid extreme climatic changes that may be detrimental. The communication industry is becoming one of the contributors to greater global consumption of fossil fuel energy either as basic base station powering energy or back up energy for backup generators used when the main grid lines are down. This is growing in significance as data centers and mobile communication increases across the globe. As a player in the industry Zain is also a contributor to the challenge of global warming and base station power provision for off-grid base stations and backup purposes. As such, it also needs to seek appropriate changes to this status quo so as to bring about a positive effect on the environment and nobly play its corporate social responsibility role. The deployment of environmentally friendly telecommunication base stations has been proposed and put into practice in some places as the most probable solution to the problem. These are supposed to save the world from adverse climatic effects that result from the greenhouse gas emissions, and could also provide power to the overall community. In order to achieve the goal organizational changes are necessary. Specifically, technological changes are the necessary organizational change in this case.
Organizational change denotes the transitioning or shifting of an organization from its previous modes of operation into new modes of operation, which may restructure the organization’s structure, technological approaches and many other operations within the organization (Beerel, 2009 p. 71). Change is inevitable and at times a necessity due to the great dynamism that is currently witnessed within the corporate world. For example the introduction of computers at the workplace has led to automation of most activities such as the sending of memos via e-mail and it has almost made the typewriter an obsolete item. The computerization of the workplace has greatly transformed the workplace. Organizations are ever seeking new ways of doing things for various reasons such as to be at par with competitors, to respond to environmental changes, to conform to legal and safety requirements and many other reasons (Sebestyen, Bela, & Katalin, 2011, p. 258). Changes are many at times initiated in a top-down format where the top management of the organization initiates changes and passes them down the organization structure for implementation. However, this is not always the norm because at times changes may be initiated by employees and other stakeholders at the bottom of the organizational structure and passed on up the structure for implementation and reviews (Claire & Banks, 2010, p. 245).
All organizations should change so as to remain relevant and be able to survive in the current world, which is very competitive (Anonymous, 2010, p. 4). The constant rapid communication changes, scientific progress and changes in managerial approaches have led to significant changes, which call for transformation of the workplace. As organizations seek to lead in the marketplace it is always recommended that they should think about where changes are necessary and when to appropriately make them. As a matter of fact organizations have to always as these questions: How do we know what changes are necessary? How do we know when the needed changes should be implemented? How does the organization know that the changes to be introduced will be desirable and able to bring about positive results when compared to older methods of approach? The process of making changes occurs when the management considers these questions and puts in place a plan to handle the process of change through change management strategies and models. The case of Zain and the necessary changes highlighted above may be handled through various types of models or theories of management. The wide array of theories mainly classified according to how they handle the change process may be at times confusing. But in order to determine the appropriate model and theory to pursue the management should consider the type of change necessary. For example, a technological change may require a different model and theory of approach when compared to a change process requiring structural changes. In this case the best possible approach may be the application of an organizational development approach in which Kotter’s eight step model is recommended as the best approach towards dealing with the need of changes that will allow the development of better environmental sustainability (Kangyong & Andrew, 2011, p. 61).
Organizational change sustainability
Organizational development denotes a deliberate effort, which is planned to develop and increase the viability and relevance of an organization. Organizational development provides a framework for the change process, which is required to develop a positive impact for the environment and all stakeholders. In essence organizational development refers to future readiness to handle changes from disruptive technologies, which in this case greatly contribute to greenhouse gases and greenhouse effect that contributes to global warming. When contemplating change there is an air of uncertainty, which at times characterizes the turning point and this is common for all forms of changes whether minor or great. The uneasiness and intimidation is common and it is for this reason that most change management processes adapt a structural approach to effecting change by using already designed models to approach the process. This is necessary because most people know that changes need to happen, but they are unaware of how to go about the change management process because they do not know what to change, whom to involve and how to see it through to the end (Beerel, 2009 p. 62).
Kotter’s 8 step change process
The Kotter’s 8 step change process may best suit the Zain situation due to its long tested applicability to most situations. This change approach model is a sequential step-by-step approach that defines how change can be effected in an organization.
Step One: The first step according to this change management model is the creation of urgency. This initial step is aimed developing acceptability of the change process (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1). If change is to happen, people need to convince to buy into it so as to ensure the whole company is ready for it. In order to achieve this, a sense of urgency has to be created around the need for the specific change. This entails convincing the stakeholders that the change is possible, beneficial and necessary. This step grants motivation for company and relevant groups to start their movement towards the change initiation. This may be approached by showing the stakeholders the effects of global warming and climatic change by quoting disasters and showing statistics on irregular precipitation pattern and droughts, which were not common prior to the development of the phenomenon. Honest and convincing dialogues about the climatic situation and the steps undertaken by competitors that have implemented better approaches to clean energy can help create a sense of urgency and make the people talk about the process. The development of clear future scenarios that may emerge can be very essential in depicting to people what is necessary. According to Kotter in order for change to attain success, at least 75% of the stakeholders need to buy into the idea (McCalman, Paton, & Robert, 2008, p. 207).
Step Two: The second step in effecting this change shall require the formation of a strong coalition among the stakeholders so as to achieve the necessary momentum to start the change process (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1). The management of change may not suffice, and it may become necessary offer not only management, but strong leadership (Hisham et al 2011, p. 226). This requires strong commitment and offering of visible support on the leadership front. This step should entail bringing together a coalition of influential people that can become strong change leaders and thus give the process power of support. These people should be powerful people with power from a variety of sources such as status, expertise, job status or political influence. The created coalition needs to work as a strong team, which will continue contributing to the creation of momentum and urgency (Hughes, 2006, p. 83; Zagreb & Aljaz, 2011, p. 60). This process should entail identifying true leaders within the organization and seeking their emotional commitment to the course.
Step Three: The third step includes making a clear vision from all the floating ideas that are always present at the start of the development of the change ideas. At the start of the solution development problem there are usually many solutions and ideas that float around the problem and the necessary thing is to link these concepts and create an overall mission. The clarity of the vision helps the stakeholders to understand why you are asking them to be part of the plan. This process should entail determining the values which are of core importance to the change process. Finally create awareness on the coalition about the vision and its importance (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1).
Step Four: Communication of the vision is the fourth step and which is very important in determining whether the message reaches the people or not. Prior to accepting the vision, there is a need for the people to experience sufficient two-way communication where they can listen and air their ideas (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1). Therefore, the creation of the vision is not sufficient rather it is the communication that makes it useful if it is able to reach all people. The process simply entails making regular and sufficient communication. In this step the vision should be communicated not only in convened meetings, but also in all possible forums that may be available. Keeping constant communication will ensure the idea is fresh in people’s minds (Lies, 2012, p. 67). In this process it is also essential to walk the talk and show commitment towards the vision because this will be strong in convincing others to support the course. This should also entail listening to concerns aired by others on the same.
Step Five: The fifth step entails assessing the structures of change in place to determine whether they are change process can take off. This includes checking whether the supporting structures are in place and it also involves identifying potential sources of resistance to change. This is essential because after all the communication, people may be ready to engage in real action and this should be provided for in this step (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1). People resisting change should be identified in this step and the reasons for resistance sought. There should be constant checking for any barriers that may affect the process. The process should also involve the removal of barriers as much as possible so as to allow the coalition to smoothly pursue the course. At this point it may be necessary to hire change management experts whose main roles will be to deliver change. The rewarding of change champions should be done at this point alongside the sensitization of those resisting so that change can be allowed to take place (Green & Cameron, 2009, p. 149).
Step Six: The sixth step is more of a morale creation step in which the change managers use the attained short-term goals to show success and draw more support. The attained short-term successes can help a great deal in creating motivation. Therefore, the plan should be organized into both short-term and long-term goals, which can be used to reach success. The presentation of this success as the plan progresses is necessary to create motivation and keep off sceptics that may hurt the process (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1).
Step Seven: According to Kotter real changes run deep and in many cases victory in change bids is declared too early and thus leading to failure of efforts in maintaining sustainability of the change process (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1). The short-term quick wins only indicate what should be kept constant. This process should entail analyzing what goes right at any improvement and success point and learn how to replicate the success through the use Kaizen’s idea of continuous improvement (Sacui & Prediscan, 2011, p. 680; Sharma, 2006, p. 139).
Step eight: Finally to ensure that the changes stay permanently within the organization there is a need to create the change culture. Change should be part of the organization and it should be a continuously displayed thing. The change process should thus be incorporated into the day-to-day running of the organization (Mind Tools 2012, p. 1). This process requires continual support and commitment from the leadership so as to ensure change is sustained otherwise it may be simple and easy to go back to where the organization started Cliff, O. (Bernard & Todnem, 2011, p. 4). Therefore, change ideals and values should be cultured within the workforce.
Changes implementations and potential outcomes
In this particular case Zain’s big challenge is to mitigate the negative effects of burning fossil fuel to power its base stations in areas that are off the grid. A part from using fossil fuel for generators in base stations which are off the grid. The company also uses fossil fuel for its backup generators whenever there is no power. The backup case gets worse when the main grid fails for longer-a case that is common in developing markets such as Africa. For example, in 2008 Zain complained of running too many backup generators on fuel so as to backup the failing grid system. This is significant considering that the nation had approximately 3600 base stations by that year. Emissions of greenhouse gases from the base-stations that are off the grid as well as base stations running on the backup mode lead to significantly high emissions that could possibly cause significant effect on the climate through the global warming effect. According to the report by Zain Nigeria in 2008, the company spent 450 litres of fuel each second in a bid to keep its base stations running in cases of lack of power (Cellularnews.com 2008, p.1).
The outright solution in this case is to seek alternative sources of power that are less ddetrimental to the environment, and which reduce the amount of emissions that occur from burning fossil fuel. Currently, there is already an initiative in the market to reduce fossil fuel consumption by replacing generator powered based stations with solar powered base stations that have been significantly modified technologically so as to avoid the usage of fossil fuel, whilst offering a clean source of energy that is recyclable and safe for the environment. A number of companies have already shown their commitment to this course. This is exemplified by the Qtel group of companies which has already expressed interest in adopting clean energy provision for its base stations so as to overcome the global warming challenges. The Qtel group of companies consists mainly of companies from the Middle East such as Zain, Milicom, Telesol and Vodafone. The group is also joined by other technological leaders such as ictQATAR, Ameresco Solar, Eletek and General electric (Qatar is Booming 2012, p. 1). These organizations have offered an example of the possibility to use green power to power mobile operations. The problem in this industry has not only been the source of power, but rather a combination of power and poor telecommunication technological equipments, which consume a lot of energy. Traditional equipment in the telecom industry was not designed to be power-saving and versatile so as to fit rural use, especially in remote regions. The major challenge posed by these base stations is that most of them were no designed for the remote areas, which they are currently positioned. Their costs of deployment and maintenance are high. In essence if the market managed to produce base stations that consume less energy and use cleaner fuel the problem would be partly solved. This possibility has been made true by organizations such as VNL which has been able to design and re-engineer GSM to retain relevance. The organization has designed various GSM systems that are desirable for use in the remote areas that are off the grid. Examples of branded systems offered by VNL include Zero Opex, Solar powered, Rural-optimized and transport as well as Low Apex systems (Vihaan Network Limited, 2010, p. 1). These new systems that are mainly solar powered have been deployed in various areas round the globe, where they have greatly contributed to an increase in network coverage.
The emergent fact in this case is that rolling out coverage on the traditional networks is a little costly and dangerous for the environment. This fact compromises the company’s image and standing in society. Additionally, it causes a deleterious effect on corporate social responsibility (CSR) undertakings. In order to overcome these challenges of unclean energy and high costs. The company has the option of setting up solar-powered base stations that are more efficient in energy consumption and less detrimental to the environment. However, this cannot run smoothly or occur as a simple issue mainly because there are costs involved. The roll out of such base stations and even the possible replacement of generator powered ones implies the possibility of incurring more costs. The mention of high costs is never welcome by most stakeholders because it implies a possibility of reduced revenue levels, reduced wages and salaries and many other uncertainties because it directly impacts on the profitability of the company (Henry, 2012, p. 31). Additionally, there is a possibility that such changes may result in high costs that may be directly transferred to the consumer in form of high prices. Therefore, the changes may come up with positive results with regard to environmental preservation and avoidance of greenhouse effect, which cause global warming. The bigger challenge in this case is thus to make the organization and al its stakeholders to understand that the course about to be taken is nobler and comparatively valuable when viewed alongside the revenue based returns or low call rates. After all it is more important to preserve the environment, which is the human source of life rather than have lower tariff rates on telecommunication services, whilst risking humanity’s existence. The challenge in this case is to make individuals within and without the organization to come to an understanding that environmental preservation is noble and it should be undertaken at all costs for the sake of humanity. Therefore, the changes are expected to cause effects that may alter the life of most stakeholders and their beneficial relationships with the organization, and as such resistance is expected. Adherence to the earlier highlighted model may help solve this challenge because it offers room for handling dissent that may possibly arise.
Sustainability of change
The introduction of green energy sources in the powering of Zain’s operations may not augur well with all stakeholders and as mentioned earlier challenges may arise on the implementation. This may come out as outright resistance or underground opposition to the plan, whichever the case that will not be very good for the changes anticipated. Firstly, the introduction of new technology in form of new base stations such as those produced by VNL implies that extra costs have to be incurred both in their acquisition as well as installation and maintenance (Vihaan Network Limited, 2010, p. 1). The older base stations will obviously be written off, but they will still be bearing a substantial amount of cost that will not be easily recoverable. The implication is that in the short-term there will be a loss of revenue resulting from the high costs of acquiring new equipment and the installation. Additionally, service rates may go higher for consumers if the costs of such a transformation are passed down on to them. The reduction of revenues may also result in a reduction of wages and salaries for the employees in the initial stages of implementation before costs can be fully recovered. As such, resistance is expected from various quarters and there is a need to develop means to overcome it. Therefore, the first obstacle or rather resistance to the course is expected to be the stakeholders that may feel that they are getting into a losing scenario. The employees and consumers are especially vulnerable to the negative impacts that may result and they are highly likely to be opposed to the plan despite its positive environmental impact. Additionally, even if the stakeholders agree to the changes, there will be a substantial amount of investment required in order to make the whole change possible. This is also likely to be challenging in case the funds to roll out such a program may not be sufficient.
In order to overcome these challenges, there will be a need to thoroughly educate the all the stakeholders on the essence of green energy. Firstly, there will be a need to show the essence of green energy adoption in the current global warming period. Secondly, there will be a need to teach stakeholders about the essence of corporate social responsibility and the maintenance of a good company image for posterity’s sake (Raineri, 2011, p. 267). Finally, there will be a need to bring all stakeholders to the realization that a large number of competitors are already going green in terms of energy. The competitors are likely to have a higher rating on CSR and better acceptance among the consumers and investors. Currently, most consumers are becoming environment conscious and they want to see positive changes within and without the industry with regard to green energy use and environmental care. As such, most consumers are opting to buy from companies that demonstrate some form of environmental consciousness. This means that if the organization fails to embrace a course that is environmentally friendly it may lose part of its clientele, especially for those that are conscious about environmental matters.
Recommendations and conclusion
Change is inevitable and a lasting thing and all organizations have to change in order to remain relevant and bring value to the organization so as to enable it to thrive in the current dynamic and competitive world. Zain has been successful as a telecommunication company not only in the middle East, but in many other places globally and as such it has to live up to international standards of operation in the telecommunications industry. The industry’s current concern is the mitigation of negative effects of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emission from the burning of fossil fuels to support off grid base stations and provide backup generator energy. This requires the introduction of green sources of energy such as solar energy in order to fulfill the needs and maintain the positive environment necessary. This has already successfully initiated by Alcatel and should serve as an example of maintaining company image and competitiveness (Alcatel Lucent. 2008, p. 1). The changes in energy sources may not be simple because it affects stakeholders with vested interests. The change may cause revenue and wage declines and as such it may not be very welcome among many. However, the organization needs to create enough sensitization on the stakeholders to show them the relevance of the changes not only to the improvement of the. Environment, but also to the CSR and future performance of the organization/.
Change denotes structural, technological, operational and many other changes to the day-to-day running of an organization. The process is necessary for organizations that need to survive in a competitive environment and remain relevant in the corporate world. Zain is a telecommunication company that has been in operation for long in the Middle East and many other destinations, especially in Africa. The company faces challenges on green energy use because it currently uses fossil fuel that is detrimental to the environment due to greenhouse gas emissions. The positive change for the organization is to adopt new technologies of providing green energy with little to no greenhouse gas emissions. The relevant technologies are already applicable in other similar companies and thus making it even more necessary so as to live up to the standards of the competitors within the market that have already shown great improvement in terms of corporate social responsibility and their care for the environment. VDL has come up with affordable, easy to install base stations that are solar powered and these could be appropriate instead of using generator powered base stations (Vihaan Network Limited, 2010, p. 1). The idea is noble and may prove to be cost effective in the long run because the use of fuel to power generators may not be as efficient in terms of cost when compared to solar energy. This is a good proposal, but it is also likely to get resistance from various stakeholders due to the fact that it may have some short-term effects, which may not be desirable. These may include high costs of purchase and installation of the new equipment, which may raise overall costs and in turn lower returns for the shareholders and probably have a negative effect on wages and salaries. However, all this is expected to go away in the long run because the changes will also definitely bring about some cost saving and finally save the environment from destruction. Therefore, the greater challenge is to make the stakeholders realize the essence of the changes and their necessity. For further overall improvement and care of the environment Zain should also contemplate expanding its phone recycling initiative with Nokia to other destinations where it has established in terms of development because this can also count towards its CSR plans for a better environment (Albawaba Business, 2012). | 2.515625 |
Inversions of Single Slider Crank Chain. 4. Crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism. ❑ used in shaping machines, slotting. Crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism. Link Mechanisms Used in Mechanical Presses" (PDF). piztu.info Related Questions May 14, . PDF | Quick-return (QR) mechanisms feature different input durations for slider- crank mechanisms, including the crank-shaper mechanism, in Fig. POSITION ANALYSIS OF CRANK AND SLOTTED LEVER MECHANISM.
OBJECTIVES The objective of this experiment is to investigate the kinematics motion of a Crank and Slotted Lever Quick Return mechanism. The investigation is. PRINT · PDF. Question: Explain with the diagram working of crank and slotted lever quick return mechanism. Answer: Crank and slotted lever quick return motion. Crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism. In the extreme positions, AP. 1 and AP. 2 are tangential to the circle and the cutting tool is at the end of.
Computer Aided Modelling And Position. Analysis of Crank And Slotted Lever. Mechanism. piztu.infoe, piztu.infoe, Dr. C.C. Handa. ABSTRACT: The paper is. Explaining in detail the Inversion of Mechanism, Mechanism of Crank and Slotted Lever Quick Return Mechanism and the ratio of cutting stroke. | 2.515625 |
Blue skies will be recorded in very dark tones on the print, giving bold contrast between the sky and clouds. An orange filter will also penetrate haze and fog. Most flowers will be recorded with a significant difference in tone from the surrounding foliage giving impact and effect.
Before we delve into what reach color filter will do the thing to remember is that in Black & White photography the each color filter will render its own color as a lighter gray in a scene while darkening it’s opposite color, also known as is complimentary color. For instance a green filter will lighten greens while absorbing reds rendering them darker.
Red filters produce a very strong effect and greatly increase contrast. They’re often considered too “harsh” for most types of photography, but can be used to produce striking creative effects.
Making a silver gelatin print Take a look inside the darkroom of Master Printer Tim Rudman whilst he shares …
Unlike the subtler changes given by yellow and orange filters, a red filter can create bold and dramatic effects. Blue skies are now recorded as black on the print, resulting in an impending thunderstorm effect. Pictures of mixed material buildings gain drama and clarity. A red filter will also give marked penetration of haze and fog. When used with a film like [SFX] it can create an infrared style look.
The result is that colours matching the filter colour appear brighter in the final image, while other colours appear darker. In black and white photography this means that objects appear as lighter or darker shades of grey.
A common problem in black and white photography is that certain colours look very similar when converted into greyscale. For example, some shades of red, green, and blue look completely different in colour, but almost identical in black and white.
When used correctly, this reduced contrast can be useful for giving a shot a calm, soothing atmosphere. A blue filter also increases the appearance of haze and mist, making it handy for enhancing the mood of an early-morning scene.
Green filters are less popular than the others but are useful in some circumstances.
Many photographers use a yellow filter to “bring out the clouds”. This works by darkening the blue sky, giving a greater visual separation between the darkened sky and the white clouds on the final print. A yellow filter will also give improved penetration of haze and fog.
Red filters also render red color has much lighter gray tones then because it passes a lot more red light than any other color increasing the exposure of this color and by doing so, making its gray tone much lighter. In certain circumstances a red car could appear as white in in Black & White when a red filter is used. Please note that the dress the model is wearing is red and the background foliage is predominately green.
The 25A is a deep red filter that passes red and blocks bluish colors so that blue skies are rendered as a much darker gray or even nearly black in a B&W photograph. This filter allows for much stronger contrast to bright out white puffy clouds.
Each coloured filter produces a different effect on the scene.
In Black & White photography orange is considered the general purpose leave in at all times filter. It sits between red and yellow filters and has some effects of both.
In black & white photography, colour filters in particular are useful as they can control how the colours in a scene are reproduced as greys. Normal black & white films are sensitive to all wavelengths of visible light although how they interpret the colours of that scene will not always match the way you see it. Colour filters therefore allow us to modify, at the point of capture, the way the film will respond to the different colours.
When shooting plants they help increase definition between flowers and foliage. This is particularly useful when shooting red flowers, as they have a similar tone to the surrounding leaves.
In landscape photography, a red filter will turn a blue sky almost black and make clouds really stand out, giving the scene a dramatic feel. They’re also excellent for increasing visibility in haze and fog.
The yellow-green filter was another filter that was traditionally considered an “all-around” filter to leave on a lens all the time when shooting Black & White. It has properties of the Yellow filter, such as darkening the tone of blue skies slightly while also lightening green foliage. These properties make it a good filter for “walking around” when shooting with either Black & White film or with a digital camera set in Black & White.
A yellow filter gives slightly darkened blues, increasing sky contrast. Image by Alex Gorstan.
When photographing foliage in black and white, a green filter is used almost exclusively.
Because of their different effects, each colour filter tends to be used in a different way.
Less popular than the other colors but still very useful for specific types of photography. The Green filter is good for lightening the tone of green foliage which can give an other-worldly effect similar, but not has strong as infrared in some situations. Since it renders greens lighter it can be used in the scenic photography but because it also makes skies a lighter gray care should be taken to consider the scene and include as little sky as possible.
Black and white filters let you control how colours are converted to shades of grey. Use them to get the right contrast and mood in your photos.
In portrait photography, an orange filter reduces the appearance of freckles and blemishes, giving the skin a healthy, smooth look.
This series of filters allows you to better control contrast and the lightness or darkness gray tones of a Black & White picture at the time the photo is taken. This is also known as “the tonal rendition”. By adjusting the tonal rendition at the time of capture there will be less need for post processing with software, that saves time and as the saying goes, time is money.
This image shows how different filters affect the way colours are converted to black and white:
It also lightens blues and darkens yellows, oranges and reds which helps separation in scenes containing a mix of colours.
A blue filter is not often associated with black & white photography however, it can really add “mood” to a photograph by increasing the effect of haze or fog.
In portrait photography, they produce warm, natural, pleasing flesh tones, like an orange filter but less intense.
Although limited in application, it can be the perfect solution for many photographs. A typical green filter has a filter factor of 2 (the manufacturer will supply the exact factor with the filter) while most cameras with TTL metering will be able to correct automatically for the filter factor.
Yellow filters produce the most subtle effect of the 5 coloured filters. In some cases the difference is barely noticeable, but it can help to lift a photo just enough. They’re a popular choice for beginners as they can be used in virtually any type of photography.
Using Colour Filters for Black & White photography Posted On 30th March 2017 To Beginner Series
It can also be used on leaves to give green foliage more contrast. Please note that the dress the model is wearing is red and the background foliage is predominately green.
It lightens green foliage, which is particularly important with dark green leaves which can record very dark without a filter. It therefore gives a more natural, lighter feel to the photograph.
A blue filter darkens most colours and is used to reduce contrast. Image by Tony Armstrong.
A typical blue filter has a filter factor of 2 (the manufacturer will supply the exact factor with the filter) while most cameras with TTL metering will be able to correct automatically for the filter factor.
Although a yellow filter darkens blues, it reproduces green, yellow, orange and red in lighter shades. This gives more differentiation between the different colours of foliage while flesh tones have a more natural look.
A yellow filter has always been the “classic” first choice filter for black & white film photographers. It gives an excellent balance between photographic effect and ease of use making it a useful and versatile accessory.
A typical yellow filter will have a filter factor of 2 (the manufacturer will supply the exact factor). Most cameras with TTL metering will correct automatically for the filter factor but check your particular model.
A typical orange filter has a filter factor of 4 (the manufacturer will supply the exact factor with the filter). Most cameras with TTL metering will not be able to automatically correct for the filter factor. Due to the dramatic effects given by an orange filter it is recommended that shots are taken with +1 stop extra exposure.
This can cause objects in a black and white image to blend into one another, leaving you with a photo which is flat and lifeless, and lacking in contrast and definition.
Different coloured filters (top line) affect your scene’s greys in different ways.
When photographing buildings and cityscapes, they give bricks a pleasing tone, and increase contrast between different materials to add depth and texture to the image.
Coloured lens filters offer a solution to this problem because they affect the way colours are “converted” to black and white. This allows you to control the way they appear in the final image, ensuring that objects are well separated and clearly defined.
If you’re serious about black and white photography then a selection of coloured filters is a great addition to your kit. They’ll give you much more control over the way your photos appear, helping you to create mood, balance contrast, and emphasise the most important parts of a scene.
Orange filters give stronger effects than yellow filters but are not as bold and dramatic as a red. It is therefore an ideal choice to span the effects given by both these filters.
In portrait photography a yellow filter will yield more clear, warm skin tones similar to the orange while still appearing very natural. Its subtlety is the beauty of they yellow filter.
For portraits an orange filter will reduce the appearance of freckles and other blemished while giving skin tones a smooth, more healthy look. Please note that the dress the model is wearing is red and the background foliage is predominately green.
An orange filter gives warm, smooth skin tones. Image by David Jubert.
Similarly to red filters, they can be used to reduce the appearance of fog and haze, and to darken skies and emphasise clouds.
Yellow filters yield the most subtle effects of all the colored filters. They are kind of considered the UV/Protector” of Black & White photography but they do have more of an impact on tones and contrast than a UV filter would. The effect is just strong enough to give a scene a little boost without it being immediately noticeable.
They can also be used in landscape photography to boost the appearance of grass and trees, but they also lighten the sky so you need to be careful not to lose detail there.
Yellow filters are good for separating shades of green, and can be used whe photographing plants to increase the contrast of foliage.
A smaller than usual response to this week’s Friday favourites theme of #music, but there were still some grea…
When shooting flowers without a filter there’s often little tonal difference between the flowers and the foliage in the print. A red filter will, in almost every case, give a significant difference in tone, making the photograph more interesting and dramatic.
Here is the effect of the Hoya X0 Yellow-Green filter on a models skin tone and red dress.
Blue filters are rarely used for black and white photography. They darken most colours and reduce contrast across an image.
Filters have long been a popular accessory for photographers and offer a number of different functions or effects. In both analogue and digital photography it is possible to recreate some of these in the darkroom or digital darkroom. However there has always been a benefit to getting it right in camera.
A red filter gives extreme, dramatic contrast. Image by Nicholas.
There are 5 filter colours that are commonly used in black and white photography – red, orange, yellow, green, and blue. Each lets through its own colour of light and blocks other colours to varying degrees. For example, a red filter will let red light through, but block most green and blue.
Red filters produce such an extreme effect that they can make your photo look like it’s been shot through an infrared filter. This makes them a popular, cheaper alternative to true infrared photography.
A typical red filter has a filter factor of 4 to 5 (the manufacturer will supply the exact factor with the filter). Most cameras with TTL metering will not be able to automatically correct for the filter factor. Owing to the dramatic effects given by a red filter it is recommended that shots are taken giving +1 to +2 stops of extra exposure.
When snapping landscapes a yellow filter darkens the sky slightly, helping to balance its exposure against the darker ground. They also bring out clouds nicely, resulting in more interesting skies.
A green filter lightens greens, separating foliage and flowers. Image by aussiegal.
Getting into Black & White photography with either film or digital? They you really need to see how some of these colored filters for Black & White Photography can improve your photos.
A green filter is also highly effective in yielding better skin tones when taking portraits under tungsten lights or natural light. Please note that the dress the model is wearing is red and the background foliage is predominately green.
It’s been so much fun this week looking through all of the #fridayfavourites #filtered shots and finding out o…
Yellow filters do darken blue skies slightly so clouds pop a little more also this creates a better balance with the foreground.
Orange filters sit between red and yellow filters, giving a nice balance of each one’s properties. This makes them a popular general purpose filter.
A green filter is mainly used for photographing plants as it helps separate the green foliage from the brightly-coloured flowers and buds.
For city scape or scenic photography the orange filter can render blacks as a pleasing tone and increase contrast between different building materials. In scenics the work similar to red filters in that they darken blue skies a little so clouds are more clearly defined and slightly reduce the effect of fog and atmospheric haze.
It looks like there are a lot of you who are proud to be films photographers and rightfully so! These are our … | 2.515625 |
- Related Tools
- User Guide
This measurement to current converter tool will convert any linear measurement reading into the ideal current loop signal over a linear range of 4 to 20 milliamps, and display a 4-20mA conversion scale for the chosen measurement range.
This tool uses the following formula to calculate the current output signal over a 4-20mA scale from a specified measurement input reading and range:
Linear mA out = 4 + (16 x ((Rdg – Low Limit) / (High Limit – Low Limit)))
Add the measurement parameter value in the specified measurement unit you wish to convert.
Add the measurement parameter value you wish to convert in any units.
Enter the lower limit for the measurement range to be converted. For example zero would be a typical value for most instrumentation but you can also add negative (-) or positive (+) values as well. Please enter the value in the same units as specified for all other input values.
Enter the upper limit for the measurement range to be converted, e.g. full scale or full range. This value can be negative (-) or positive (+). Please enter the value in the same units as specified for all other input values.
Current Loop Signal (4-20mA) – Answer
This is the ideal converted signal for the input measurement range specified, and represents the ideal output reading excluding all measurement and instrumentation errors. The calculated result is displayed in milliamps (mA) based on a linear 4 to 20 mA scaling.
How precise is the calculation from measurement to linear 4-20mA output?
The linear 4 to 20 milliamp signal Answer is displayed to a precision of 9 significant figures.
What type of measurement can I convert?
Any measurement which is linearly proportional to the 4-20mA signal can be converted, such as pressure, temperature, force, load, weight, position, movement, speed, rpm, depth, level, etc…
Input & Output
Does it matter if the measurement is an input or a output?
No it does not matter if the measurement, the calculation is the same whether it is an input or an output.
Can I convert a bidirectional measurement?
Yes, you can enter the lowest measurement as a negative value by prefixing it with a minus (-) sign.
Can I enter a compound range?
Yes, any negative range can be specified in the Lowest text box can be combine with any positive range specified in the Highest text box.
Elevated zero point
Is it possible to convert a measurement range where the lowest value is offset in positive direction from zero?
Yes, the lowest measurement point can start from any value above zero.
Measurement accuracy checking
Can this converter help to determine the accuracy of measurement instrument?
Yes, this converter will calculate the ideal 4-20mA signal so that you can compare it to an observed 4-20mA reading.
0-30,000 psi conversion
What are the 4-20mA readings for a 0-30,000 psi range?
This conversion scale shows the pressure values against discreet milliamp values:
0 bar over -1 to 3.5 bar conversion
If a transmitter range is -1 to 3.5 bar, then what will be the mA reading at 0 bar?
At 0 bar it will be 7.5 mA for a linear 4-20mA output signal. | 2.515625 |
An Unfortunate Speech Delay
“Tough times never last, but tough people do.” — Robert H. Schuller
A person is defined by their reaction to hard times. When I was younger, I had a problem with speech that affected my life tremendously. Until I was seven, I couldn’t pronounce my R’s, I pronounced them as W’s. It affected me greatly because my name begins with an R, so I couldn’t introduce myself. It was incredibly frustrating. On the first day of first grade, I had to introduce myself to my teacher. At the time, it was difficult for me to introduce myself because I had a speech delay. When she asked my name, I told her it was “Wylan”, but I thought that I said “Rylan“, so when she clarified by repeating “Wylan”, I got very upset. We went back and forth like this a few more times and I got incredibly frustrated. It was as if I was speaking in a foreign language that she didn’t understand. Finally, she had the clever idea to ask me how to spell it. For about a year, until I learned how to pronounce my R’s, I introduced myself by saying my name to the best of my abilities, and then pronouncing it. With the help of my teacher, I overcame my speech delay which was causing me a great deal of frustration. If my teacher hadn’t helped me, I would’ve been frustrated every time that I needed to introduce myself. This was the hardest thing that I have ever gone through, and it happened when I was too young to think of a solution on my own. But, I overcame it, with some help, and my life was much better because of it. Hard times are tough to overcome, but they are made easier by asking for help. | 2.515625 |
In 2011, artist Tim Pitsiulak spoke at the Art Gallery of Ontario about the great gifts he was given by his aunt—Kenojuak Ashevak, the most popular Inuit artist of her time. Her work inspired him to create. And her success, which brought Inuit printmaking and drawing to the world, helped provide him the opportunity to do that for a living.
This summer, a retrospective of these two giants of Inuit art is showing in the largest exhibition space at the gallery in downtown Toronto. Curators hope Ashevak and Pitsiulak’s works will inspire visitors to ask what preconceived notions they hold about Inuit.
Pitsiulak was born in Kimmirut, Nunavut, in 1967 and later lived in Cape Dorset. He was a hunter and his intricate coloured pencil drawings captured the natural and unnatural world. He documented the big changes he saw occurring around him. Ashevak, born in 1927 in a camp on southern Baffin Island, moved to Cape Dorset in 1966. An entire room of the AGO exhibition space is filled with her iconic bird prints, her owls with vibrant colours and trademark long feathers that encircle their bodies. “There is just an overwhelming amount of her work that focuses on birds and they are all so gorgeous,” says co-curator Laakkuluk Williamson Bathory. “Why not let them dance together?”
The exhibition is called Tunirrusiangit: Kenojuak Ashevak and Tim Pitsiulak. In Inuktitut, tunirrusiangit means “their gifts.”
“They gave us whole worlds to look at, not just something beautiful,” says Williamson Bathory, herself a performance artist based in Iqaluit. “That’s such a gift for Inuit artists,” she says, adding people often rely on stereotypes to understand who Inuit are. “Kenojuak and Tim very much gave us the opportunity to broaden our horizons, and the horizons of our audience.”
Last fall, the curator of Canadian art at the AGO—one of the largest galleries in North America with the second-largest collection of Indigenous art in the country—resigned and publicly criticized the way the gallery upholds a tradition of marginalizing, excluding and speaking for Indigenous people. This retrospective heralds a change in the way the gallery operates, says Georgiana Uhlyarik, the curator of Canadian art who worked with the team of artist-curators on this exhibit under the newly formed department of Indigenous and Canadian Art. “We’ve decided very much for this to be an invitation,“ says Uhlyarik. “We offer this space, the material and whatever support and professional expertise there might be at the museum and let them guide us in terms of what it is that they want to say.” Williamson Bathory was joined by carver Koomuatuk (Kuzy) Curley, spoken word artist and throatsinger Taqralik Partridge, and curator Jocelyn Piirainen, with the assistance of Uhlyarik and Anna Hudson of York University’s Mobilizing Inuit Cultural Heritage project. In November, the curators met in Toronto to dive into Ashevak and Pitsiulak’s oeuvre, and narrowed it down to 100 pieces.
Tunirrusiangit is the result. “We came up with this consensus vision of what we wanted to showcase,” says Piirainen. “The exhibit is a retrospective of the work of Kenojuak and Tim, but it’s also told through this new kind of contemporary vision of the four Inuit curators.”
“It’s through the imagery that she always seems to present her life around her at that moment" - Jocelyn Piirainen
Their own work and reflections on how Ashevak and Pitsiulak influenced them as artists and curators are a part of the exhibit in different forms. As you enter, you experience a soundscape combining nature and machinery and layered videos of the landscape outside Iqaluit, created by Williamson Bathory and Iqaluit-based digital media artist Jamie Griffiths. Inside, Partridge has built a qarmaq (sod house) in which vestiges of the age of exploration are hung on the walls. Partridge shares five original stories recorded on iPads that visitors can pick up and listen to. “She really nails in the fact that Inuit have been exoticized and stereotyped and subjected to extreme racism for the entire time that we’ve been in contact with Europeans,” says Williamson Bathory. Curley, a nephew of Pitsiulak’s, has recorded interviews with family members of the artists that are broadcast throughout the exhibit.
And, of course, there is the work of Pitsiulak and Ashevak.
There is Pitsiulak’s massive and intricate Canadrill (2015), a coloured pencil drawing of the machine used to drive holes into the ground to secure structural pilings for the large buildings that now mark Arctic communities. “It just showcased a lot of his talent and it also represented completely our ideas of what the show represented—the modern life, the contemporary Inuit life,” says Piirainen. “It’s got these vivid yellow and blue colours against very bright white paper. When you’re standing there looking at it, it’s just incredible, just amazing to see in person.”
And there is Ashevak’s The Woman Who Lives in the Sun (1960)—a stonecut print of a woman’s face, with traditional tattooing on her chin and the sun’s rays streaming out from it. Inuit stories tell that the sun is the sister and the moon is the brother. “It’s just so powerful, it’s so centred and asymmetrical at the same time. It’s so red that it, to me, can’t be anything else but female,” says Williamson Bathory. “That piece has moved me my whole life.”
The exhibit contains early drawings of Ashevak’s, going back to the ‘50s and ‘60s. “It’s through the imagery that she always seems to present her life around her at that moment and that is one of the themes that continues throughout the exhibit,” says Piirainen.
Williamson Bathory hopes the exhibit sparks an interest in visitors—that they take it upon themselves to learn about Inuit culture. “I hope they walk away with more questions than they walked in with. For me, that’s a sign they’ve been awoken artistically, culturally and politically and that they feel empowered to do research on their own,” she says. “That in itself is such a gift that Kenojuak and Tim have given us—a huge gallery, filled with incredible art that allows a person to ask more questions.”
Tunirrusiangit: Kenojuak Ashevak and Tim Pitsiulak runs from June 16 to August 12 at the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto. | 2.515625 |
The Best of its kind Adobe Photoshop is the graphics editor developed in the year 1988 by two brothers named John Knoll and Thomas. Adobe Systems own this software from John Knoll in the year 1989.it Adobe Photoshop you can easily edit and compose the raster images in the multiple layers. Photoshop is generally designed to allow all the users to create and edit the raster images and can edit as they desired. The multilayer’s can support the transparency and can act as the masks or the filter. For being perfect only skillshare Photoshop, as the person should know the basic skills to edit the images in the Photoshop. So here are the Skills that are the basic and should be known.
In the Photoshop Brushes are the foundational tools and are the easiest to use. One should learn how to use brushes and after that should go on to adjust the sizes and the hardness of the brushes from the menu of the Brush tool.
They decide the order in which the image will get the display and let you keep the parts of the project separate and make it more accessible. So an individual should learn how to toggle layer visibility and edit ability using the different features of the layers.
There are a large number of the options available over there under the image Adjustments menu. So it is necessary to take the time to experiment with each one and should learn what it takes.
This is the basic feature of Photoshop for editing and every beginner should know how to use it.
These are some very basic skills a person should learn to use photoshop as only then a person can be perfect and only a skillshare Photoshop | 2.515625 |
A majority of the voters (20+40) rank X strictly bottom, so X should be an "irrelevant loser." But with Instant Runoff Voting (IRV), it isn't. IRV elects Y if X does not compete but elects Z if X does compete. This (essentially) actually happened in Louisiana 1991.
There are many other examples, but this is designed to illustrate that this can happen even if a majority of voters rank the loser dead last. E.g.
One can go further by creating artificial elections in which, e.g. H is ranked dead last by 99.9% of the voters, but plays a very important role. (With instant runoff voting: If H runs, then Z wins. If H drops out, then A wins.)
Similar example but for Borda voting
Return to main page | 2.515625 |
Keith Country Lands (South Australia) – Ammonia
Mount Charles Road
November 2 2016 – Keith Country Lands (South Australia) Ammonia Free as NH3 0.67mg/L
May 3 2017 – Keith Country Lands (South Australia) Ammonia Free as NH3 0.54mg/L
May 31 2017 – Keith Country Lands (South Australia) Ammonia Free as NH3 0.62mg/L
Based on aesthetic considerations (corrosion of copper pipes and fittings), the concentration
of ammonia (measured as ammonia) in drinking water should not exceed 0.5 mg/L.
No health-based guideline value is set for ammonia.
“…Most uncontaminated source waters have ammonia concentrations below 0.2 mg/L. High concentrations (greater than 10 mg/L) have been reported where water is contaminated with animal waste. Ammonia is unlikely to be detected in chlorinated supplies as it reacts quickly with free chlorine. Ammonia in water can result in the corrosion of copper pipes and fittings, causing copper stains on sanitary ware. It is also a food source for some microorganisms, and can support nuisance growths of bacteria and algae, often with a resultant increase in the nitrite concentration.” ADWG 2011
Keith Country Lands (South Australia) – pH (alkaline)
Average pH: 2016 July-2017 June Mt Charles Rd: 8.958 pH units
Average pH: 2016 July-2017 June Dukes Highway: 8.592 pH units
Based on the need to reduce corrosion and encrustation in pipes and fittings, the pH of
drinking water should be between 6.5 and 8.5.
New concrete tanks and cement-mortar lined pipes can significantly increase pH and
a value up to 9.2 may be tolerated, provided monitoring indicates no deterioration in
pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of water. It is measured on a logarithmic scale from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, greater than 7 is alkaline, and less than 7 is acidic.
One of the major objectives in controlling pH is to minimise corrosion and encrustation in pipes and fittings. Corrosion can be reduced by the formation of a protective layer of calcium carbonate on the inside of the pipe or fitting, and the formation of this layer is affected by pH, temperature, the availability of calcium (hardness) and carbon dioxide. If the water is too alkaline (above pH 8.5), the rapid deposition and build-up of calcium carbonate that can result may eventually block the pipe.
When pH is below 6.5 or above 11, the water may corrode plumbing fittings and pipes. This, however, will depend on other factors such as the material used, the concentration and type of ions in solution, the availability of oxygen, and the water temperature. Under some conditions, particularly in the presence of strong oxidising agents such as chlorine, water with a pH between 6.5 and 7 can be quite corrosive.
Chlorine disinfection efficiency is impaired above pH 8.0, although the optimum pH for monochloramine disinfectant formation is between 8.0 and 8.4. In chloraminated supplies chlorine can react with ammonia to form odorous nitrogen trichloride below pH 7.
Chlorination of water supplies can decrease the pH, while it can be significantly raised by lime leached from new concrete tanks or from pipes lined with asbestos cement or cement mortar. Values of pH above 9.5 can cause a bitter taste in drinking water, and can irritate skin if the water is used for ablutions. | 2.515625 |
Monte-what? Referred to time and time again as the “Black Mountain,” Montenegro is a tick-tack sized country squeezed smack dab in the middle of the Adriatic bordering states. Just a thumbtack on the map of Europe, but full to the brim with exquisite landscapes, Montenegro leaves you wondering how this tall drink of water is often overlooked when discussing Europe’s Fave Five.
First mentioned in the 9th century as a Byzantine vassal, the country has spent its entire existence shuffling from one umbrella’d wing to another. But Montenegro managed to remain unsullied goods through times of war and bloodshed, plague, and decimating earthquakes. In 2006 it was granted independence from Serbia, becoming the Republic of Montenegro. But because of this shared dominance between the Balkan states throughout history, Montenegro has grown into the flourishing multi-cultural haven we know and love today.
But let’s fast forward to what you’ve all been waiting for; coastal Montenegro. It’s characterized by its rocky beaches and unparalleled sapphire waters, warm and sub-tropical climate, and tiny shore hugging villages. The Bay of Kotor, named one of the world’s most beautiful bays, is agreeably one of the country’s most cherished jewels. As the dwelling place for Montenegro’s most squandered and romantic treasures, the Kotor Bay dazzles the eye and captures the soul of the Montenegrin people. Confused with being a fjord, this naturally submerged river canyon looks as though it was hollowed out with a deep spoon, filled with dripping emerald waters, and then sealed together by a U-shaped wall of shrub covered mountains.
Kept polished and pristine, the Bay of Kotor is home to the picturesque towns of Risan, Persast, and Kotor. A UNESCO recognized heritage site, Kotor remains the highlight of any trip to the Bay. Settled in 168 BC by ancient Romans, it was ultimately chosen due to its advantageous military position along the coast in protecting the Montenegrin people from pirates and other invaders.
Built into the face of the treacherous cliffs that surround the city is St.John’s fortress. Having seen many a day, the strong hold is a compilation of Kotor’s history, but its Byzantine influence is undeniable. The city walls that surround the Old Town were built in the 14th century by the Republic of Venice and much of Kotor’s architecture depicts a Venetian influence.
Within the city walls is the St. Tryphon Cathedral, rebuilt in 1124, which harbours a unique collection of important relics and artifacts that tell the all too enticing story of the city’s history. But let’s not shy away from Kotor’s involvement in the arts. Playing host to various Montenegrin festivals and celebrations each year, Kotor’s managed to captivate artists from around Europe and give fuel to the fire by providing continuous inspiration.
Although the city of Kotor has experienced an influx of tourists, it has yet to be purged of its elegant and somewhat smouldering charm. Sophisticated bars and cafes string along the criss-crossing paths of the city’s Old Town and dip into the coastline that runs outside the city’s walls. Past the souvenir vendors and gelati windows lies the glistening calm water of the Bay that, for some reason or another, you won’t be able to take your eyes off of.
Crna Gora, monte nero, the Black Mountain, Mali i Zi, Montenegro; known in a thousand different tongues and dialects, but remembered just the same. This golden nugget of a country with its illustriously narrow coastal strip paralleled by dark, dramatic mountain peaks is sure to stir the curiosity and passion of even the most bashful of crowds. | 2.515625 |
Every serious gardener has at some point considered getting into greenhouse gardening, but having to deal with a lot of the unknowns has deterred many from making this decision. There a lot of reasons as to why you should consider greenhouse gardening, but the most important one is the ability to control the environment, and by extension, have better control of whatever plants you wish to cultivate.
This article will discuss the benefits and shortcomings of greenhouse gardening to enable you to make this decision.
Grow more, grow longer
Many people prefer greenhouse gardening because it will allow them to grow more plants and extend their growing season. This is because you are able to control the climate inside your greenhouse to some degree. Greenhouse gardening enables you to create a warm environment so that you can grow tropical plants that could otherwise not grow in colder regions. If you live in the tropics, you can cool a greenhouse so that you can grow a greater variety of plants.
Save money on produce
Greenhouse gardening enables you to create the right conditions for various plants, including those which are out of season. This allows you to yield high produce, so you don’t have to pay high prices for food that are out of season, allowing you to save a lot of money.
Keep out pests
Pests pose the greatest threat to all gardeners. For flower and vegetable gardeners, the threat of deer, raccoons, rabbits, and other critters are persistent and real. Greenhouse gardening protects your plants from all of these threats which allow you to grow your plants in peace.
Greenhouse gardening provides you with the right conditions to plant seeds before you can transplant them to the garden. The greenhouse provides protection and year-round warm so you can plant your start seeds any time you want without having to worry about the climate or pests.
High starting cost
Greenhouse gardening costs a lot of money to set up which range from hundreds to even thousands of dollars depending on the style and type of greenhouse. It is important to consider how long it will take before the greenhouse can return all the starting capital you invested. You can, however, overcome this shortcoming by considering wooden greenhouse which is much cheaper compared to other types in the market. There are online sources, https://www.greenhousestores.co.uk/Wooden-Greenhouses/ just being one of them can help point you in the right direction.
Due to the lack of strong weeds or bees which are requirements for pollination, a greenhouse is not conducive for plants that rely on pollination to produce. It takes a lot of effort to ensure that pollination takes place in the greenhouse such as tapping the flowers or shaking plants.
Temperatures build up very quickly in a greenhouse, so you need to monitor its fluctuations constantly. Failure to do this may expose your plants to extremely high or low temperatures, which may put them under duress.
How to heat and ventilate a greenhouse
The ideal internal temperature of a greenhouse is 80-85 degrees Fahrenheit. You need to monitor the temperature, especially during sunny days because the temperatures can rise to 100 degrees Fahrenheit and this may harm your plants.
A greenhouse should include either side vents that usher in cool air and whisk out the hot air a top vent that opens a hatch in the ceiling. The vents can be automatically or manually operated depending on your choice. When operating a manual vent, you should always remember to open the vent during the day and close it during the night.
Greenhouse gardening offers many benefits, from growing plants all year round to enjoying high yield produce. There are some shortcomings of greenhouse gardening such high initial cost and high maintenance, but the benefits outweighs these limitations. If you have the funds, space, and time to invest in greenhouse gardening then making this decision will be much easier. | 2.515625 |
A couple of years ago our family spent a weekend in a lovely cabin in the woods and brought along one of my son’s friends to share the time with. When Sunday morning came I felt slightly guilty that these two boys were missing out on a Sunday school lesson for the day. After realizing that the owners of the cabin were avid movie fans, I popped in Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark for our morning activity and hoped that they would glean from it a little bit of the tumultuous history of the Kingdom of Israel (and World War II).
As we were watching I chuckled at the irony of Dr. Jones chiding government agents who were seemingly too clueless to grasp the significance of the Ark of the Covenant and its role in the history of Israel. It’s my favorite line from the whole movie: “Didn’t you guys ever go to Sunday School?”
Most Sunday school curricula these days hardly touch on the history of the Kingdom of Israel. The lessons tend to stop at the slaying of Goliath, and then maybe pick up again with stories from Daniel. A lot of this history is either too complicated to grasp in a 45 minute Sunday school lesson or a little too racy or violent for us to feel comfortable teaching it to our children. Or maybe it’s just a little too boring for us to work it into a craft project or a song.
What this means is that not only do students come to Confirmation not knowing the details of these portions of the Old Testament, they have not even been introduced to some of the basic concepts that I outline below, which frame much of the context of the New Testament and are at the foundations of Old Testament theology.
It is important right off the bat that students understand that there was in fact a Kingdom of Israel. I often like to back students all the way up to the Exodus and talk about how the Israelites went through a period with no king without much success. They probably know that David was a king of Israel (see more below) but have no sense of any of the other kings and their legacy. Being able to name the line of succession from one king to the next is not all that helpful- more important is to have already been introduced to the idea that God made a covenant with David and his household that God would protect them and guarantee that an ancestor of David always sat on the throne of Israel.
It is also important to make sure that students can find Israel on a map. I remember one class when we had to take at least 20 minutes of class time just to locate the Middle East and Palestine. Because so much of God’s relationship with Israel is about promising a home and a place, students need to be able to find that “place” for themselves.
When students come to Confirmation class already aware of the basics of the history of Israel they can be introduced to some larger themes that can help us all understand the Old Testament better. The Psalms are full of language about the “king” and about the responsibilities of the king in the society - most illustratively we see this is Psalm 72. Understanding the Kingdom of Israel can also help them better understand what it means when we call Jesus the “King of Israel.” How did Jesus fulfill the promise that God made to David? How did Jesus fill these responsibilities of the king?
27. The Stories of David
The call of David from shepherd harpist to giant-killer is one that I am pretty confident most children learn either in Sunday School or from a children’s Bible. It is a great story, though not all that child friendly. One of the great things that can happen in Confirmation is that we can take the foundation of what they already know about David as a boy and young man and add in the more complicated elements of his story that made him a both a great king and also a sometimes questionable human being.
David is a difficult guy to deal with, and much of what we do in Confirmation has to do with teaching students how to deal with difficult texts. Here is an example of some of the great resources that are out there to use with Confirmation age students in order to dig deeper into these sticky issues:
28. The Temple
In addition to understanding the deep connection that Israelites had with the land, it is also important that students come to class understanding at least vaguely that Israelites also had a strong connection with the temple in Jerusalem and the presence of the Ark of the Covenant there. Typically most students come knowing about the ark (though I suspect a lot of their imagery for this comes from Indiana Jones, as my son’s does) but they don’t have the sense that it was kept in the most sacred place in the temple and that the Israelites believed God dwelled in that place with it.
We have such a different world view today and a different understanding of where God is in our world. It is sometimes hard for students to grasp the idea that these ancient people would have thought that God was located there in the temple. We tell them all the time that God is everywhere, even in the most un-sacred of places. This provides a wonderful opportunity to talk about God’s presence with us but also how we interpret scripture based on these differing world views. Talking together about the role of the temple in the life of the people of Israel will help them to better understand the significance of the exile (see below) and even provide a context for what it meant when Jesus talked about the temple being torn down and rebuilt. For them it may sound like an empty threat, but for the Jews who heard it, it was much more significant.
29. The Exile
If we do a poor job teaching children about the basics of the Kingdom of Israel, we do an even worse job teaching them about the differing times of exile that Israel experienced over a period of 200 years. While the circumstance surrounding the Assyrian and Babylonian exiles can seem complicated, it really is enough to give them a sense that God had promised the people of Israel this specific land and then, because of foreign attacks and defeats, they were removed from this “promised” land. This is the moment when the first temple was destroyed and the people of Israel were forced to rethink their identity and craft a faith separate from their land and their religious center.
In Confirmation class we can talk more about what it means to have a crisis of faith as an entire religious group. How do other parts of the Old Testament (for example Psalm 137) and the writings of the prophets reflect how the people understood their new religious reality in this time of exile? We can also focus on the concept of politics and religion being intertwined. Most importantly we can talk together about what it means to find restoration through God. Too often we talk with youth about a crisis of faith being all about forgiveness. They need to be given other ways to understand what it means to be restored in a relationship with God, and this biblical narrative of exile and homecoming can really resonate with young people if we find the time to make it a part of their religious vocabulary.
30. The Historical Books
I will admit that even I struggle to put the books of the Old Testament in the correct order when it comes to these historical books. In Confirmation we are learning how to use the Bible and especially how to find things in the Bible. I am pretty sure that they will never sit down and read through 1 or 2 Chronicles, but they need to be aware that these books are in the Old Testament and that they tell the history of the the Kingdom of Israel:
1 & 2 Samuel
1 & 2 Kings
1 & 2 Chronicles
Ezra & Nehemiah
1 & 2 Kings
1 & 2 Chronicles
Ezra & Nehemiah
We are getting close to the end of this series on the 100 Things Your Child Should Know Before Confirmation Class! Just a few more to go. Please remember that you can find the entire list here...and that each heading provides a link to the post which describes these items in further detail along with what we can do in class when students come equipped with this kind of foundation. | 2.515625 |
Marines, also known as a marine corps and naval infantry, are an infantry force that specializes in the support of naval and army operations on land and at sea, as well as the execution of their own operations. In the majority of countries, the marine force is part of the navy, but it can also be under the army like the Troupes de marine (French Marines) and Givati Brigade (Israeli Marines), or form an independent armed service branch like the United States Marine Corps and Royal Marines.
Historically, tasks undertaken by marines have included providing protection from war while at sea, reflecting the pressed nature of the ships' company and the risk of mutiny. Other tasks would include boarding of vessels during combat or capture of prize ships and providing manpower for raiding ashore in support of the naval objectives.
With the industrialization of warfare in the 20th century the scale of landing operations increased; this brought with it an increased likelihood of opposition and a need for co-ordination of various military elements. Marine forces evolved to specialize in the skills and capabilities required for amphibious warfare.
Intercoolers increase the efficiency of the induction system by reducing induction air heat created by the supercharger or turbocharger and promoting more thorough combustion. This removes the heat of compression (i.e., the temperature rise) that occurs in any gas when its pressure is raised or its unit mass per unit volume (density) is increased.
Intercooler was formed in 2001 when Damon Cox paired up with already established songwriting trio Phil Ballantyne, Joel Potter and Michael Caso (later replaced by Darek Mudge). They all had the same affinity for rock music and so decided to form the band Intercooler as their genre was chosen for them.
After a long time rehearsing and practicing their work they moved to work in a studio. With the real scene around them their band's 'sound' really started coming through. Their vocal and instrumental style had sound elements of pop, while still maintaining a distinct rocking edge. | 2.515625 |
Never let it be said that General Motors discriminates against the disabled. In 196, a squat, one-armed, rather taciturn worker joined the assembly line at GM's Ewing Township plant, readying red-hot auto fittings for trimming and buffing.
At first, no one seemed to mind the new addition, who worked long stretches without complaint and eventually took on more ambitious tasks, like welding. It wasn't until GM brought on more of the worker's equally industrious brethren that the others on the assembly line started to get a little anxious.
These one-armed die-casters didn't gossip, didn't take bathroom breaks, and never joined the union. A robot, after all, doesn't need health insurance.
Unimate, a two-ton hydraulic arm, became the first robot to replace a human worker, although GM reportedly kept its innovation hush-hush at the time for fear it wouldn't work out.
The jobs undertaken by early industrial robots were dirty and dangerous, but as GM and other carmakers began to embrace automation, they faced growing dissension among workers who worried about being displaced. In fact, automakers instituted one perk that's been in the news lately -- the jobs bank that lets laid off autoworkers collect nearly full paychecks -- to get union members to support robots and other automation on the assembly line.
But robots, in the U.S. at least, never became as ubiquitous as futurists once imagined. Many jobs held by robots are still too hazardous for humans, and there have been reports, some unconfirmed, of rogue robots at other plants spray-painting each other, smashing newly installed windshields, and when transferring sheet metal from press to press, grabbing each other instead.
After putting in about 10 years of nearly round-the-clock service, the original Unimate retired to Washington, D.C., finding a comfortable home in the Smithsonian Institution. Despite jump-starting the age of industrial robotics, the GM plant in Ewing Township closed down in 1998.
So much for sleek, sophisticated automatons making the American worker obsolete. We showed 'em. | 2.515625 |
A few short decades ago, houses were relatively simple, and most homeowners could get away without owning a surge protector. Nowadays, however, you might be surprised to learn how much of your home runs off of computer circuitry, and how much damage a single jolt of electricity can really do. Rather than buy and plug in a surge protector for every outlet in your home, it may be wiser to instead invest in whole-house surge protection. If you are still unsure whether or not you need surge protection for anything but your computer, consider the following four electronics that could be fried with even a minor grid malfunction.
Any form of electronic media, ranging from your television to video game consoles to speaker systems, relies on complex circuitry to process requests and deliver your entertainment. When a power surge floods your system with excess electricity, it shoots through those circuits and heats them up. If the surge is violent enough or lasts for more than a few seconds, those circuits melt and render the device unusable. Without adequate protection, your new television can go from state-of-the-art technology to a state-of-the-art paperweight without warning.
Everyone knows that televisions need a surge protector, but why does that mean the whole house needs protection? The answer is all of the hidden circuits you may never think about, which have gradually worked their way into modern homes. A new washer or dryer, for example, relies on computer circuits to judge time, collect information and moderate settings. Ovens, microwaves, and dishwashers now commonly use computing technology as well. Suddenly losing one or all of your appliances can be highly disruptive and set you back thousands of dollars, and they often cannot be protected with the traditional surge outlet.
Imagine the power flickering out during a storm, but when your electricity hums back to life, the lights in your home stay dark. This can happen in houses with advanced lighting systems, which are typically used to reduce power consumption or detect motion. Old-fashioned systems that do not rely on computer circuitry are not be affected by power surges, but if you use an application or electronic wall panel to control your lighting, you should be concerned. Like many appliances, these systems cannot be hooked up to a surge protection outlet, but a short service call from your local electrician can shield your entire home and prevent a costly rewiring later.
Heating and Cooling Systems
When a lightning strike or grid malfunction sends power surging through your air conditioner or heater, you may not even realize something is wrong before further damage is done. Relatively simple burns in the circuit of your air conditioner's capacitor can turn into compounding damage to its compressor and other parts, so that by the time you call in a technician, it will need much more extensive repairs. Fixing a heating or air conditioning system can take weeks and cost thousands of dollars, so spare yourself the inconvenience by protecting your home before it becomes a problem.
For professional electrical services, contact a company such as JF Electrical Contractors, Inc.Share
19 October 2015
How well is the outside of your home lighted? Do you have several areas around your home that become pitch black after the sun has fallen for the day? If you live in an area that does not get very much sunlight during the day, you probably have the same amount of success as I have had trying to use solar powered lights to light those dark areas. I finally broke down and contacted an electrician to help me run some power to the dark areas and install some much needed lights. He was able to give me a few suggestions that would not only brighten up my dark yard, but also look very nice from the street. | 2.515625 |
ICJ (International Court of Justice)
The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. The Charter of the UN established it in June 1945. The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands). It is composed of 15 judges, who are elected for nine-years term by the General Assembly and the Security Council. In accordance with international law, the Court’s role is to settle legal disputes submitted by states and further to give advice on legal questions to authorized UN organs and specialized agencies.
Topic A: The International question of self-proclaimed Independence
Topic B: Refugees and Maritime Law
Ana Popova is a third year law student at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich. Currently devoting most of her time to her specialization in European and international public law, she still finds time for the never-ending passion of attending MUNs and supports her
beloved MUNAM – the biggest Munich MUN society. In her free time she enjoys playing the piano and swimming in the seas surrounding her Balkan homeland. Regardless of the importance she attaches to rules and precision, the amount of fun she has dealing with legal questions can be seriously contagious!
Anna is currently in her third year of European Law at Maastricht University and has been doing MUN for one year. In this year, she has attended 5 conferences as a delegate and one as a chair. Her appreciation for the international legal system is based on its ability to balance adherence to logic and flexibility. This allows its subjects to argue just about anything (as long as its substantiated of course), and to be very creative. She is very excited to be chairing this year’s International Court of Justice and looks forward to exploring the topics together. | 2.515625 |
Several years ago a friend expressed her frustration about her need to drive a car, which only added to the destruction of the air quality and contributed to global warming.
The lack of oxygen in our atmosphere is a solvable problem. Trees are what transform CO2 (carbon dioxide) into oxygen. The number of old growth forests left are less than 5 percent at this point. Incentives therefore need to be in place that preserve and sustain the forests.
There are some Washington state programs that attempt to steward forest land through a tax break on the land, e.g. “Designated Forest Land,” but it requires a show of profit from harvesting those same trees at some point.
Not all, but a large percentage of owners agree to harvest their trees in order to receive the tax break. This option doesn’t serve forests, animals or future generations. Instead, it makes the situation worse by exacerbating the problem.
After pondering this dilemma, I came up with the following possibility as a partial remedy:
I have thousands of trees at least 10 years old. I will lease the trees’ ability to transform CO2 to oxygen to someone who wants to offset their fossil fuel or carbon output. Twenty trees are leased for 10 years at a cost of $35 per tree, i.e., a one-time payment of $700 covers the length of the 10-year contract.
The monies received go into planting more trees which in turn produce more oxygen, a stable forest and a sustainable tax solution for people who want to have the opportunity to maintain continuous growth for the tree on the land. There is also the option to lease one tree at a time.
To ensure credibility, I have developed a registry and accounting system along with the legal lease agreement. Any or all of this concept is reproducible for your personal use.
Presently I have created a release form that provides tracking and credibility for the legal rental agreement. Feel free to contact me. Tim Forbes, 376-4735 or [email protected]. | 2.515625 |
Humor, music and spirituality may offer physical benefits
Humor, music and spirituality can boost your mood, but growing evidence suggests that they also offer physical benefits.
Humor for your health
Laughter appears to have such physiological effects as:
l Increased blood flow. Watching 30 minutes of a comedy film ("There's Something About Mary") caused the arteries of volunteers to expand, according to a 2006 study from the University of Maryland Medical Center, while scenes from a stressful film ("Saving Private Ryan") caused them to constrict.
l Strengthened immunity. Laughter might stimulate production of disease-fighting T cells and natural killer cells and might reduce levels of inflammation-triggering cytokines in people with rheumatoid arthritis. Watching funny movies might also help ease allergy symptoms and help people with asthma resist flare-ups.
l Reduced muscle pain. Laughter causes muscles in the abdomen, face and shoulders to relax, which might ease muscle tension.
l Lower blood sugar. People with Type 2 diabetes had smaller increases in blood glucose when they watched a comedy show after a meal than when they sat through a boring lecture.
l Lost calories. Laughing boosted people's energy expenditure by 10 to 20 percent in a 2007 study.
What to do: If funny movies aren't your thing, or if life of late hasn't given you much to laugh about, consider "laughter yoga," a variation designed to induce joyful, prolonged laughter.
Music for your brain
Reading music and singing might boost your brain's auditory and language-processing functions, while playing an instrument strengthens reaction speed and manual dexterity. Other research has linked choral singing with physical and emotional health. Music might also improve symptoms of several health problems:
l Alzheimer's disease. In people with this condition, music might curb aggression, irritability, restlessness and wandering.
l Insomnia. Listening to 45 minutes of soft music before bed improved self-reported sleep time and daytime drowsiness in a study of 30 older adults.
l Pain. People recovering from hernia or varicose-vein surgery who listened to music reported less pain than a control group did in a trial of 182 patients. Music might also ease the pain and distress of arthritis, childbirth, colonoscopy, fibromyalgia and herniated disks. | 2.515625 |
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The change of state from vapor to liquid. A common factor in moisture damage. Occurs on surfaces, which must be cooler than the air containing vapor next to it. Vapor supply to the condensation surface is usually by airflow but can be by diffusion. | 2.515625 |
A national survey found 8% of U.S. Veterans screened positive for PTSD at some point in their life.
It is normal to have symptoms right after a traumatic event. If they last longer than a month, it may be PTSD.
It’s never too late to get help. Learn more about your treatment options.
We are the world's leading research and educational center of excellence on PTSD and traumatic stress.
PTSD is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event, like combat, a natural disaster, a car accident, or sexual assault.
It's normal to have upsetting memories, feel on edge, or have trouble sleeping after this type of event. If symptoms last more than a few months, it may be PTSD. The good news is that there are effective treatments. | 2.515625 |
How great would it be if the next time you threw something out, you got something back? If you recycle, you do. The city of Lexington turns
recycled goods into cash that helps pay for the costs of recycling and handling trash and other waste.
“The more everyone recycles, the more it’s beneficial for everyone involved,” including companies that use the recycled material, said Steve Feese, director of waste management for the Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government.
As Lexington moves further away from being a city that dumps everything into a landfill and toward being a zero-waste city, he said, “we’re trying to find beneficial reuses. We can recycle and compost the majority of our waste. So why should we continue to landfill, which is the most costly way to handle waste?”
Lexington was a founding member of the Bluegrass Regional Recycling Corp., a multicounty effort to aggregate and market reusable paper, plastics, metals, glass and other products.
Feese said some containers that are commonly used, such as milk cartons and freezer packaging, can’t be readily recycled.
“But hopefully, things will be made with beneficial reuse in mind more in the future,” Feese said.
In fiscal year 2011, the city handled 25,000 tons of recycled material and made $2.4 million by selling it to downstream processors. And the city saved an additional $700,000 in landfill fees.
All that stuff goes to businesses that refine it and sell it back to be reused.
So the next time you need a good reason to walk that cardboard toilet paper tube all the way from the bathroom to the recycle bin, think of this: Hundreds of Kentucky jobs depend on what you don’t throw away.
“A lot of industries in Kentucky rely upon recycled goods,” said Mark York, spokesman for the city’s division of environmental policy. “Recycling started out being good for the environment, but now it’s really good for the economy.”
According to statistics compiled by the city, here’s where your recycling goes:
Newspaper: The city and the Herald-Leader both send newspapers to SP Recycling in Dublin, Ga., which turns them back into more newsprint. (For a decade, the Herald-Leader has used SP’s 100 percent recycled newsprint but is switching to another kind that has only 13 percent because of problems with paper quality.) Last year, the city recycled 9,736 tons of newspapers. In 2010, the Herald-Leader directly recycled 1,282 tons of newsprint.
Glass: About a year ago, the city spent $3.5 million to upgrade its recycling processors to allow unsorted glass to be included in recycling bins. Suddenly, bars and restaurants found it much easier to recycle their empties, said Esther Moberly, a city recycling specialist. And last year the amount of glass recycled jumped to 2,746 tons. Most of it goes to Strategic Materials in Atlanta, where it’s ground up for abrasives and reflective materials such as highway striping.
Cans: Aluminum cans are sold to Anheuser-Busch, which ships them to Novelis in Berea. There, at the largest plant in the world dedicated to aluminum can recycling, Novelis melts them down into huge ingots that are shipped to other plants to be turned back into cans. The Berea plant employs about 110 people. Last year, the city sold 281 tons of cans. Something like one in six aluminum cans are processed in Kentucky at some point in their life cycle.
Novelis says it recycles about 40 billion cans worldwide annually. But Novelis products also find their way into much less plebeian settings: Novelis aluminum was selected for the iconic prow-shaped façade of the Titanic Belfast, a new tourist attraction being built in Belfast, Northern Ireland, where the doomed ship was originally constructed.
Plastic water and soda bottles: Known as PET, or polyethylene terephthalate, plastic, these bottles are sold to the Signode plant in Florence, which makes plastic strapping. The plant employs about 70 people. Last year, the city sent the company 731 tons of plastic. “They can’t get enough of the product,” York said.
Milk and juice jugs: HDPE, or high-density polyethylene, plastic goes to KW Plastics in Troy, Ala., which grinds it up and turns it into a range of plastic resins. Last year, Lexington sent them 250 tons of jugs.
One company that uses those recycled structural plastics is Play Mart, a Somerset company that makes children’s playground equipment. Play Mart, which employs about 30 people, says it is “recovering yesterday’s plastics for today’s play.”
According to Play Mart, 80 to 95 percent of their play structures are made of recycled materials. In Play Mart’s catalogs, each design includes how many milk jugs go into the new slides, swings, sandboxes, climbing walls and benches.
“We use about 1 million pounds of post-consumer/ post-industrial HDPE per year, which results in close to 7 million milk jugs not going into the landfill each year,” said founder Rebecca Beach. “About a third of those milk jugs come directly from the counties and cities, including Lexington residences using the Bluegrass Regional single-stream recycling program, and are processed by the Bluegrass Regional Recycling Corp., a non-profit organization in Richmond….
“We like to ‘close the loop’ on recycling whenever we have the opportunity — which means sourcing our suppliers as close to our factory as possible,” she said. “Lexington is only 70 miles from the factory in Somerset, so we are well within the 500-mile radius required to keep a small footprint for LEED points. Our other source for approximately a third of our HDPE is Mayfield Dairy in Tennessee, less than 200 miles also.”
Other plastic bottles: Lexington last year sold an additional 359 tons of HDPE mix, a variation which includes detergent and other colored plastic bottles.
Phone books: Last year, the city sold 163 tons to All Weather Insulation in Springfield, which employs 24 people; they are shredded and turned into paper that can be blown into walls and lower heating and cooling bills.
Corrugated cardboard: Last year, 4,838 tons of it was sold to an Indiana company that sends it to Temple-Inland in Maysville to make more cardboard and fiberboard.
Fiberboard: That’s the stuff cereal boxes, shoe boxes and hot pizza boxes are made of. About 1,226 tons of that were recycled last year by Continental Recycling in Tennessee and turned into tubes like the ones in paper towels and toilet paper.
That’s hardly even all that gets recycled: 1,787 tons of office paper, 473 tons of steel cans, 186 tons of scrap metal, 29 tons of scrap plastic, and 61 tons of plastic bags also went through Lexington’s recycling center.
The center doesn’t really take plastic bags, which are supposed to be recycled at grocery stores, but it gets so many it tries to find a good home for them, Moberly said.
“When (manufacturers) produce stuff … they don’t think of what’s going to happen at the end of its life,” Moberly said.
More and more companies are looking at the end as just another beginning.
Source : www.kentucky.com | 2.515625 |
You can also visit my other blog http://www.chineseplywoodsource.com/what-is-wbp-glue-how-they-used-in-the-plywood-production/ ,We are making the WBP glue plywood now ,from the face/back film to the inside every layers of the plywood,all WBP glue .We can call it WBP glue ,but not just the film ,or the inside every layers .
When making the WBP glue plywood,please check with your Glue suppleirs,what these WBP glue will be used for ,the wood species of the core veneer is poplar or pine or hardwood ,the glue suppliers will supply different kinds of glue to you .
Also you need tell the glue suppleirs how much boilding test will be 4 hours or 24 horus or 72 hours,the quality of the glue are much different .
If normal WBP glue Melamine ,the plywood cold pressing is very simple like MR,you can make the cold pressing within 12 hours to 24 hours .But if WBP phenolic Glue ,the cold pressing are much complicated ,need make the cold pressing within 2 hours or 4 hours maximum to make sure the veneer core platform are solid ,then would make the hot pressing immediately .
WHEN YOU USE WBP GLUE ,THE ORIGNAL COLOR IS LIGHT YELLOW BROWN ,AFTER SPRAYIN THE GLUE TO THE WOOD veneer ,the color will be changed to dark brown color ,see these color changes from these pictures I took the Phenolic WBP glue ( 72 hours boiling test ) .Some of the factories using fake or low quality WBP to mixed with color pigment to make the color like WBP glue color .That is cheating and play games .
Glues used in exterior and marine plywood that will be exposed to water and weather is described as WBP (Weather and Boil Proof). This only means that a plywood sample glued with this adhesive does not delaminate after a prolonged period of boiling. It is NOT a description of the type of glue. WBP only describes its characteristics. Several glues have proved to be WBP.
Most WBP glues are either melamine or phenolic glues. Lower quality melamine plywood can sustain 4-8 hours boiling without delaminating. Higher end melamine can last between 10-20 hours in the boil test.
Phenolic plywood is considerably more resistant (24-72 hours). The best phenolic glue can be regarded as essentially permanent adhesives and are used in the higher grades of Marine Plywood.
It is likely that under sustained boiling, plywood plies glued with high end phenolic adhesive, will fail before the glue. It is therefore important to consider the ply quality and manufacture quality along with the quality of the adhesive. No amount of quality WBP will keep a poorly manufactured panel made with inferior plies together.
When one is looking for the ultimate in weather resistant plywood, it is important to look for WBP. This abbreviation stands for “Water Boil Proof” or “Weather and Boil Proof;” a standard used to determine the water resistance of the plywood products . In actuality, this is more arating of the glue used in the manufacture of the plywood, than it is in the wood itself.
WBP testing consists of immersing a sample piece of the plywood in boiling water, and leaving it there for an extended time. If the plywood doesn’t delaminate from the heated water, then it is considered WBP. Boiling water is used because many adhesives are softened by heat. On top of that, the moving air bubbles from boiling agitate the plywood, making it more like to delaminate .Since water boils at 100°C or 212°F, using boiling water provides for consistent testing.
There is no one glue that is considered to be WBF glue. Rather, WBP is a property that is determined by testing. A number of different types of glues can be WBF. However, different types of glues provide for different levels of protection against water. Therefore, the WBP rating is only a minimum; often, the specific plywood carries an additional rating of how long it can withstand the WBP test. The most common WBP glues used in plywood are melamine and phenolic. Ordinary melamine plywood can withstand the WBP test for 4 to 8 hours, without delamination. There is also a better grade of WBP melamine plywood, which can withstand the test for over 10 hours, in some cases up to 20 hours. However, phenolic WBP plywood outperforms melamine, surviving WBP testing for 24 to 72 hours.
Please note: When we refer to WBP phenolic adhesive it isn’t the same as phenolic plywood. Standard phenolic plywood is not WBP, as the phenolic resin is only applied to the face laminations. The interior laminations use a different adhesive, which is not WBP. However, WBP phenolic plywood would use phenolic as the adhesive on all laminating layers, in addition to having the face layers impregnated with it, making it highly water resistant.
WBP plywood can be used as exterior grade plywood for construction. However, it is more commonly used as Marine plywood, especially for interior applications. The difference between WBP and standard marine plywood is that marine plywood is guaranteed 100% void free, without any knotholes and cracks, while other WBP plywood may not be.
In construction, WBP plywood provides for a more weather resistant structure than using normal exterior grade plywood. It can also be used for signage, as it is highly weather resistant. A number of types of interior plywood are also rated WBP, such as many types of cabinet plywood , even though they are not used in an application where they are exposed to the weather.
In plywood business,Most of people producing and sell or buy WBP plywood.But only a few people know the real meaning of the word of WBP.
What is the real meaning of WBP?
WBP stands for or it is full name of “water boiled proof”.if you use WBP glue for the plywood, film faced plywood or other types of plywood. The panel can be exposed to weather, water and moisture for long period without delimitation. Like the word of “MR”,WBP is not the name of a specific glue.WBP is only a kind of property/feature of glue. If glue has WBP property, the glue will can be called WBP glue.
As a simple method of test for WBP plywood,you can put the plywood samples into the boiling water.If the samples have not delamination in boiling water for a long period,then we will can say the plywood samples have WBP property and conclude that the samples are WBP plywood samples.
The common WBP glues are melamine glue and phenolic glue.Generally speaking,WBP ordinary melamine plywood can be in boiling wanter for 4-6hours without delamination and better melamine plywood can be in boiling water for over 10hours or even 20hours without delamination.WBP phenolic plywood can be in boiling water for 24hours -72hours without delamination.The best WBP phenolic glue can be regarded as permanent adhesives.But the water boild proof period of plywood is depanded on not only the quality of WBP glue.But also the craftsmanship of production.
Most of the manufacturers use color-pigment to mixed together with MR or Melamine Glue to make it like real WBP glue ,just matched the color but not the real WBP characteristic .This way to reduce the manufacturing costs .If no special request or special quality requirement,the manufacturers normally use this way to make WBP glue plywood .
Usually,People like use WBP glue for exterior plywood.Such as Marine plywood,Film faced plywood(Formwork plywood).Structural plywood,Plywood for signs and so on.But in practice,WBP glue is used for interior plywood as well.Such as furniture plywood.Cabinet plywood.Plywood underlayment and so on,Which are also required by customers to have water-boild-proof property. | 2.515625 |
It is a frustrating revelation for both hobbits and humans. The Ring has been destroyed; the Tomb has been found empty. Darkness has faltered, and good has triumphed. Why then do the ills of the world linger? After witnessing the defeat of Sauron and sin, why is the Shire in turmoil, and our own lands still suffering? Has the Easter promise deceived us? Isn’t the story nearing its happy end?
Our tale may be nearing its conclusion, but many pages remain to be written, and chapters to unfold. For though the King has reclaimed his throne both in Middle-earth and on Earth, nevertheless ills linger. Some, like Butterbur, have not yet heard of the great feats accomplished, the great victories won, the great promises restored, and so have not changed their perspective and ways. Some, like the Saruman and the swarthy men of the North, have rejected the rule of the King and have sought to flee from him, causing discord and hurt along the way. And some, like Frodo, carry the scars of ills once suffered, wounds that do not fully heal, remembrances of a darkness that has only left its offspring in the mind. A new age has dawned, but it remains an age of the world.
This revelation can dishearten our Lenten souls still weary from our journey to the mountain, yet we must take comfort: even if the battles still rage, we know the results to come. What evils still exist are lesser than the ones that have already been defeated. The great menace of Sauron has been dispersed; Hell has been harrowed, and the captives of the shadow lands have been freed. The derivatives of death may still harass, but their captain has been slayed. One day the King shall make his way up into our lands and hearts and order them, and drive the evil things into the wilderness.
Until that time, we have been given responsibility over the Shire. Though the ills that linger may not have the same magnitude as those already defeated, nevertheless they remain harmful and should be righted. Having witnessed all that has happened, having walked with Frodo, Sam, Merry, and Pippin there and back again, we have been fortified and trained to combat the evils that we uncover in our homeland. Gandalf’s work is done, and now we must settle the task ourselves. Daunting, perhaps, but we take courage: we have grown up, and Gandalf has “no longer any fear at all for any of you.”
And so, though the climax of the story has been achieved and the resolution of all things is near, nevertheless there are still pages yet to turn. We may not fully drive out the ills that linger in our lives and world, but nevertheless we are tasked to do what we can. For this we have been trained; for this we have journeyed: to transform our hearts and communities, and encourage good things to grow again. One day the King shall return to these lands and set them fully aright, but until them, out of love for him and our neighbors, we labor. Whatever unfolds in that labor, however, cannot cause us to despair: for such ills cannot long linger, and Easter promises a happy ending.
2015’s Reflection: “On Returning Home” | 2.515625 |
All parents are concerned about the safety of their children traveling to and from school. Because of this, many parents elect to drive their children or have them driven by another adult. They believe their children are safest in a private car.
The fact is buses offer the safest form of road travel to school.
Parents and Carers can help with school bus safety by:-
Taking your child to the bus stop in the morning and waiting on the correct side of the road for the bus to arrive
Meeting your child at the bus stop in the afternoon and waiting on the side of the road the bus stops on
By following these simple suggestions you can help us keep your children safe.
In adverse weather conditions contact the office for any timetable changes and/or check the website.
For more information on School Bus Safety visit the Safety Town website developed by Transport for NSW as an educational resource for NSW Students in Years 5 and 6 about road safety for students. The website also includes a bus safety video which you can watch below.
We are very aware of the need to care for children travelling on our buses. When children get onto the wrong school bus, the driver will contact the depot or arrange to transfer the child to the correct bus or keep them on the bus until the bus returns to the depot. We will contact you where we have been provided with contact details.
PLEASE ADVISE CHILDREN NOT TO GET OFF THE BUS ANYWHERE OTHER THAN THEIR CORRECT BUS STOP.
There is a 40km/h speed limit for traffic passing a school bus that is picking up or setting down school children. The speed limit is for all traffic travelling the same direction as the bus, whether the bus is stationary or moving.
The 40km/h speed limit must be observed when the rear ‘wig wag’ lights on the bus are flashing. Flashing headlights on these buses also alert oncoming motorists that children are close. | 2.515625 |
By Jessica Vogelsang, DVM
New puppy visits have to be one of my favorite appointments in veterinary medicine. Adorable puppies, excited owners, so many opportunities to lay the groundwork for a long and happy life together. We cover lots of topics: vaccinations, deworming schedules, training, nutrition. During the first visit, one of the most common questions I get with puppies is, “When should my pet be spayed or neutered?”
For a very long time, veterinary medicine offered a fairly standard response: Six months. But why is that? Is it truly in every pet’s best interests to be desexed, and if so, why this particular age? Let’s unpack this very important topic so that you understand the factors we consider when we give you our recommendation for spays and neuters.
Understand Exactly What a Spay or Neuter Entails
A spay, known in veterinary parlance as ovariohysterectomy, is the surgical removal of both the ovaries and the uterus in female dogs. While ovariectomies (removal of the ovaries, leaving the uterus) are becoming more common in other parts of the world, the complete ovariohysterectomy is still the main procedure taught and performed in the United States. In the dog, the ovaries are up near the kidneys, and the y-shaped uterus extends from both ovaries down to the cervix. An ovariohysterectomy is a major abdominal surgery that carries with it, like all surgeries, risk and benefit.
A neuter procedure, or castration, removes the testicles from a male dog. Unless the dog has a retained testicle (a condition known as cryptorchidism), a neuter procedure does not enter the abdominal cavity. While still a major surgery, it is not as complex as a spay in a healthy, normal male dog.
The Size of the Pet Matters
A main reason veterinarians recommend a spay at six months as opposed to six weeks is concern for anesthesia. Very small pets can be more of a challenge in terms of temperature regulation and anesthetic safety, though with today’s advanced protocols, we can very safely and successfully anesthetize even tiny pediatric patients. In a shelter environment, where highly trained and experienced staff perform thousands of pediatric spays and neuters a year, it is not uncommon to perform these procedures in pets closer to two-three months of age.
On the other hand, very large dogs are also more complicated to spay. Not only is the abdominal cavity larger and deeper, the blood supply is more robust and the fat in the abdominal cavity more difficult to maneuver around. Make no mistake, I would much rather spay a six-month-old dog of any breed than a five-year-old, 100-pound Rottie. As the difficulty increases, so does the risk of complication. With male dogs, the procedure does carry increased risk of complication as the pet grows but not to the same extent as a spay. Regardless, veterinarians perform so many of these procedures that we consider them fairly routine, even in large dogs, and the overall complication rate is still very low. Unless a pet has another underlying health issue, size should not be a reason to avoid the procedure.
Removing Hormones can be of Benefit
Another reason veterinarians settle on the six-month recommendation is that if a pet is not going to be bred, spaying a female dog before her first heat cycle has significant benefit in terms of reducing the risk of mammary cancer. While pets spayed before their first heat cycle have a 0.5 percent incidence of mammary cancer, that number torpedoes to 26 percent for pets spayed after their second heat cycle, with an overall incidence seven times higher for intact females than for spayed ones. Pyometra, a life-threatening infection of the uterus, is also very common in intact female dogs, and up to a quarter of intact dogs will develop it by ten years of age, according to one study. And obviously, a pet with no ovaries, testicles, or uterus cannot develop cancers or infections of those organs.
Testosterone has a great many effects on the dog that are decreased or eliminated when he is neutered. Behaviorally, neutered dogs are less aggressive, less likely to roam and be injured or hit by cars in their never-ending search for a mate and exhibit less of that frustrating humping behavior. Some boarding and daycare facilities do not accept intact pets, which can be a significant obstacle if you usually partake of these services.
Removing Hormones can be of Risk
Recent studies have linked early spay and neuter to a bevy of health risks: increased incidence of cranial cruciate ligament disease, osteosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, or lymphomas in dogs that were spayed or neutered before sexual maturity. While these studies have received a great deal of attention, it’s also important to note that they are retrospective- they are looking back on medical records after the fact, which means the data is much more subjective and not necessarily definitive. While it isn’t unreasonable to make note of these associations and continue to study them, the scientific community is far from consensus on whether or not early spay and neuter causes these health problems, or is simply associated with them without being the cause.
There are two medical conditions that are generally accepted as being associated with spay: urinary incontinence and obesity. No one is sure why obesity is seen more in spayed females, as no studies have shown a change in metabolism after the procedure. Both conditions are treatable: incontinence with medications and obesity with diet and exercise.
Pet Overpopulation is Still a Significant Problem
Approximately four million dogs enter the shelters in the United States each year and of those, half are euthanized. Many of these are stray animals or unwanted “oops” pets abandoned by their owners. If you are not planning on breeding your dog as part of a well-researched and knowledgeable breeding program, he or she should be fixed. Dogs can begin their first heat cycle as young as six months, and you would be amazed at how easy it is for a motivated male to find her. Fences are destroyed, rock-hard soil tunneled through, six-foot walls scaled. Owning an intact female means making a commitment every seven months or so to keeping her under lock and key for the two-week duration of her heat cycle.
Are There Pets Who Should not be Fixed?
I fully support the role responsible breeders play in the canine world. Purpose-bred dogs play significant roles as assistance animals, in law enforcement and as beloved companions. I don’t believe in mandatory spay and neuter myself; as a pet owner I believe it’s up to you to understand the risks and benefits of all health decisions and choose what is best for your pet. For those who understand the risk of pyometra and reproductive cancers as well as the responsibilities of keeping an intact female from being accidentally bred, there’s certainly a good argument to make for waiting to spay. Many of those owners do still elect to spay their females once they are done having litters, which is an excellent compromise.
That being said, for the vast majority of companion animal owners, I still recommend spaying a dog before her first heat cycle as I believe that is the optimal balance of risk versus benefit. While the jury is still out on the benefits of waiting to spay until a pet is older, the known benefits of an easier surgery and recovery, living with a dog who does not go through the hassles of heat, avoiding unwanted pregnancy and eliminating the very real and ugly problem of pyometra and reproductive cancers makes this the ideal decision in my book.
For owners of male dogs, there is a little more leeway in terms of timing. Some veterinarians and breeders recommend waiting until a dog reaches their full size before neutering because of the possibility of increased joint disease and cancers in dogs neutered early, especially for large breed dogs. Unlike in females, where there is a known benefit for performing a spay before the first estrus, the benefit to neutering a dog at two is the same as it is at six months; the main deciding factors in these cases is whether the owner is willing to put up with the behavior of an intact dog for that long.
At the end of the day, this and all medical decisions surrounding your pet are your decision. Our job as veterinarians is to lay out the risks and benefits for your specific pet, and help you come up with a plan that is right for you.
Ready to spay or neuter your pet? Find out more about the procedure, including the process and recovery time.
This article was originally posted on, and shared through the courtesy of PetMD “Because pets can’t talk” Visit PetMd for more information and for other pet health information. ©1999-2016 petMD, LLC. All Rights Reserved | 2.515625 |
Need help from a tutor visit rhetorical analysis thesis statements a strong thesis statement for a rhetorical analysis essay. Most of the rhetorical modes, including description, narration, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, illustration, process analysis or explanation, and persuasion different types of sentences, such as the thesis statement, topic sentence,.
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If you have to write an essay in which you analyze the rhetoric of a film, every introduction to an academic essay requires a thesis statement. A critical analysis (sometimes called a critique, critical summary, or book review) might examine the style, tone, or rhetorical appeals of a text, while an analysis of a for example, say that the original author's thesis statement is “the moon is .
A student has to perceive the goal of the analyzed content, its rhetoric, and write down thesis statement which is the main idea of the whole synthesis essay. Сreating your own strong thesis statements has never been so fast and simple try our thesis statement generator for free without registration.
There are many websites providing online thesis generator free to use and you can and analytical capabilities, it has become very easy to get a strong thesis. Need help writing a visual analysis essay image for the artist and the people viewing the art, it helps to first find out the rhetorical situation. | 2.515625 |
It’s an inspiration to know we have caring people in this world who want to make a difference. If we are not at war with another nation, we are at war with its people and each other. This has been going on since time began. Prior to the Civil Rights movement, color was an issue between whites and blacks. Las Vegas was not different than the rest of the nation. With the NAACP Civil Rights movement, The Strip casinos soon gave way to integration in their hotels. However, prior to the civil rights movement many performers at that time were affected by the segregation of black entertainers.
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Entertainers Affected by Racism in Las Vegas
Lena Horne was black listed during the 1950’s for her political standing. She helped break the color line in Las Vegas when it was known as the “Mississippi of the West”. She performed at the Sands Copa Room and refused to drive across to the Westside of town for a boarding house room. She was frustrated with racism, and she saw it as a world-wide challenge. Born to a prominent black society family, her grandmother entered her into the NAACP at a young age.
Luis Armstrong performed at the Moulin Rouge and was well aware of where the blacks stood as the underdog and fought for their rights.
The Bailey family of Pearl Bailey was the first family radio station performers in Las Vegas in the 1950’s. Bob Bailey was chairman of the Equal Rights Commission in 1961. He had been with Count Basie before he went into radio.
Sammy Davis, Jr. dealt with racial prejudice early on and encountered this while serving in the Army as well as throughout his singing career. He and Elvis were to work together on a movie and Sammy was passed over. Elvis later said casting was racially motivated. In 1944 Sammy performed with the Will Matson Trio at the El Rancho, but due to his color, was not permitted to stay at the Motel.
Johnny Ray had a grand performance at the Moulin Rouge with his hit song “I’ll Never Fall in Love Again”. It was noted that he was one of the best performers to have ever performed there.
B. B. King was invited to perform for the Grand Opening of the refurbished Moulin Rouge after its first fire. Later he opened a club called “The Blues Club” in Las Vegas.
Moulin Rouge Las Vegas
The Moulin Rouge was opened in Las Vegas on May 24, 1955. Located at 900 W. Bonanza Road, the Moulin Rouge was the first Casino in the United States that was not racially segregated. Most of the other Hotel and Casinos in Las Vegas refused service to the blacks and they were not allowed to eat or entertain at the Hotels they performed in. At the Moulin Rouge they were
accepted as guests.
Many of the famous black and white entertainers of the 50’s and 60’s frequented the Moulin Rouge as headliners. Among these was the famous “Rat Pack” Bunch: Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis, Jr., Joey Bishop and Peter Lawford. Comedians like Milton Berle, Jack Benny, and George Burns were also invited to perform. Often when one of the members of the Rat Pack was scheduled to give a performance the rest of the pack would show up for an impromptu show. This caused much excitement among the audiences. People would come pouring in from all over. Las Vegas, sometimes sleeping in the lobby or in their cars if rooms were not available.
Six months later the Moulin Rouge closed. It was thought that the Mob was charging the blue collar African American worker double the price for their drinks, and could have assisted in the closure. In 2004 a fire gutted the Moulin Rouge and in 1992 it was named as a historical landmark. It seems racism is undercover but will always remain. We all work to keep our civil rights alive and the day is here now to work and live together to keep the “dream” alive.
By Michelle Frese & Shautief Toennings
Photo Rendering by UNLV Las Vegas Library, Special Collections
click here for the audio version of this article | 2.515625 |
Definition of 'curfew'
Video: pronunciation of 'curfew'
Example sentences containing 'curfew'
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Will they be in by curfew time? Times, Sunday Times (2008)He was also given a suspended jail sentence and night curfew. The Sun (2015)The next day the curfew crumbled and we ventured on to the streets. Times, Sunday Times (2009)But civil liberties campaigners last night insisted the curfew was a step too far. The Sun (2013)He is free to come and go during the day but has to observe a curfew at night. The Sun (2010)The crowd begins slowly to disperse under the impatient eyes of police officers imposing a city curfew and people reluctantly shuffle home. Times, Sunday Times (2014)They were given night-time curfews and will face court again next month. The Sun (2012)The biggest issue isn't who washes up or curfew times. Times, Sunday Times (2014)Military personnel were already under a night-time curfew. Times, Sunday Times (2016)So far this time, no curfews or media restrictions have been imposed. Times, Sunday Times (2015)All are supposed to be under a strict night-time curfew. The Sun (2009)The Liverpool star admits his mother used to give him curfews at night. The Sun (2014)The Asbo puts him under a night curfew. The Sun (2007)He was yesterday handed a 12-week night curfew. The Sun (2014)KR stars were under curfew at the time. The Sun (2011)Martial law and curfew imposed. Times, Sunday Times (2016)The night-time curfew has been relaxed. Times, Sunday Times (2008)Cops were already upset after the court removed an electronic tag this month - despite him breaching a curfew nine days in a row. The Sun (2010)We wrote down what we would and wouldn't do, and set a curfew. Christianity Today (2000)Further afield, modern quieter aeroplanes and the potential to extend the night-time curfew should offset the increased traffic. Times, Sunday Times (2012)He was electronically tagged, but breached his curfew FOUR times. The Sun (2013)Insurers want ministers to impose a night-time curfew on young drivers, as well as restrictions on the number of young passengers they can carry. Times, Sunday Times (2013)
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Used Occasionally. curfew is one of the 30000 most commonly used words in the Collins dictionary
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Translations for 'curfew'
British English: curfew /ˈkɜːfjuː/ NOUN
A curfew is a law stating that people must stay inside their houses after a particular time at night.
The village was placed under curfew.
- American English: curfew
- Arabic: حَظْرُ التَّجَوُّل
- Brazilian Portuguese: horário de recolher
- Chinese: 宵禁
- Croatian: redarstveni sat
- Czech: zákaz vycházení
- Danish: spærretid
- Dutch: avondklok
- European Spanish: toque de queda
- Finnish: ulkonaliikkumiskielto
- French: couvre-feu
- German: Ausgangssperre
- Greek: απαγόρευση κυκλοφορίας
- Italian: coprifuoco
- Japanese: 夜間外出禁止令
- Korean: 통행 금지
- Norwegian: portforbud
- Polish: godzina policyjna
- European Portuguese: recolher obrigatório
- Romanian: interdicția de a părăsi locuințele pe timp de noapte
- Russian: комендантский час
- Spanish: toque de queda
- Swedish: utegångsförbud
- Thai: การห้ามออกนอกบ้านยามวิกาล
- Turkish: karartma
- Ukrainian: комендантська година
- Vietnamese: lệnh giới nghiêm
Definition of curfew from the Collins English Dictionary
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By Edward G. Longacre
The 4th usa coloured Troops (USCT) regiment observed massive motion within the jap theater of operations from overdue 1863 to mid-1865. The regiment—drawn mostly from freedmen and liberated slaves within the center Atlantic and New England states—served in Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler’s military of the James, whose venture was once to catch the accomplice capital at Richmond. From could to December 1864, the 4th observed motion within the Bermuda Hundred and Richmond-Petersburg campaigns, and in early 1865 helped trap the defenses of Wilmington, North Carolina, the final open seaport of worth to the Confederacy.
Citing lately found and formerly unpublished debts, writer Edward G. Longacre is going past the battlefield heroics of the 4th USCT, mixing his particular insights into political and social historical past to investigate the explanations, pursuits, and aspirations of the African American enlisted males. the writer additionally emphasizes how those infantrymen overcame what considered one of their commanders known as “stupid, unreasoning, and fairly vengeful prejudice” and indicates how normal Butler, a supporter of black troops, gave the unit possibilities to end up itself in conflict, leading to a strive against checklist of which any infantry regiment, black or white, may be proud.
Read or Download A Regiment of Slaves: The 4th United States Colored Infantry, 1863-1866 PDF
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A Regiment of Slaves: The 4th United States Colored Infantry, 1863-1866 by Edward G. Longacre | 2.515625 |
Foods with a low glycemic load: The glycemic index of a food tells you about the blood glucose-raising potential of the food. Foods that have a high glycemic index are converted into sugar after being eaten more quickly than low glycemic foods. If you are fighting diabetes, stick to low glycemic foods like non-starchy vegetables, stone fruits and berries, nuts, seeds, avocados, coconut, organic meat, eggs, wild-caught fish, and raw pastured dairy.
“People need to understand the continuum of diabetes,” she says. “If they’re on an upward trajectory of insulin resistance and a downward trajectory of insulin production weight loss, healthful eating and physical activity will slow down the insulin-loss trajectory and improve insulin sensitivity.” But, she says, “If they gain weight back, the diabetes comes back.”
Mr. Tutty said he jumped at the chance, becoming one of 30 men and women ages 25 to 80 to sign up. Mr. Tutty was one of 13 participants whose fasting plasma glucose dropped, and during the six-month follow-up remained below the seven millimole per liter (or 126 milligrams per deciliter) that defines diabetes. Although Mr. Tutty completed the study nearly three years ago, his fasting blood sugars continue to range from 5.2 to 5.6 mmol/L, he said.
Get Your Fats in Good Balance– Overabundance of Omega-6 fats in the diet is a contributing factor in diabetes. Pay attention to your intake of Omega-3 and Omega-6 fats and try to get them closer to a 1:1 ratio. For many people, supplementing with a good quality Omega-3 oil can help while dietary adjustments are being made. Avoid Omega-6 seed oils and their sources (these are used at almost every restaurant). Eat fatty fish like salmon and sardines for the Omega-3s.
Also called weight-loss surgery or metabolic surgery, bariatric surgery may help some people with obesity and type 2 diabetes lose a large amount of weight and regain normal blood glucose levels. Some people with diabetes may no longer need their diabetes medicine after bariatric surgery. Whether and for how long blood glucose levels improve seems to vary by the patient, type of weight-loss surgery, and amount of weight the person loses. Other factors include how long someone has had diabetes and whether or not the person uses insulin.1
As a bonus, stress relief may help you sleep better, which is important because studies show that not getting enough sleep can worsen type 2 diabetes. Sleeping less than six hours a night has also been found to contribute to impaired glucose tolerance, a condition that often precedes type 2 diabetes. In fact, a review published in 2015 in Diabetes Care analyzed 10 studies that involved more than 18,000 participants combined and found the lowest risk of type 2 diabetes in the group of participants that slept seven to eight hours per day. That’s the minimum recommended amount of sleep for most adults, according to the National Sleep Foundation.
In Type 2 diabetes, the insulin that is produced does not work effectively. This is referred to as “insulin resistance.” Previously referred to as “adult-onset diabetes,” Type 2 diabetes is the most common form and occurs most frequently in inactive, overweight adults. With rising rates of childhood obesity, we are now seeing Type 2 diabetes diagnosed in more children and teens. Type 2 diabetes is usually treated with a diet that promotes weight loss, exercise and oral medications. Over time, most with Type 2 diabetes produce less insulin. Because of this,insulin may also be required to treat Type 2 diabetes.
A 2005 study on the anti-diabetic effect of garlic in normal and lab-induced diabetic rats, published in the journal Phytomedicine, found that oral administration significantly decreased serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST and ALT levels. While it increased serum insulin in diabetic rats, this was not so in the case of normal rats. It concluded that garlic must be considered as an excellent candidate for future human studies on diabetes mellitus. What’s better, garlic also helps reduce high cholesterol levels, a complication that diabetics often face. This makes it an excellent spice to use for in all recipes!
Chronic exposure of β-cells to triacylglycerol or fatty acids either in vitro or in vivo decreases β-cell capacity to respond to an acute increase in glucose levels (57,58). This concept is far from new (59,60), but the observations of what happens during reversal of diabetes provide a new perspective. β-Cells avidly import fatty acids through the CD36 transporter (24,61) and respond to increased fatty acid supply by storing the excess as triacylglycerol (62). The cellular process of insulin secretion in response to an increase in glucose supply depends on ATP generation by glucose oxidation. However, in the context of an oversupply of fatty acids, such chronic nutrient surfeit prevents further increases in ATP production. Increased fatty acid availability inhibits both pyruvate cycling, which is normally increased during an acute increase in glucose availability, and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, the major rate-limiting enzyme of glucose oxidation (63). Fatty acids have been shown to inhibit β-cell proliferation in vitro by induction of the cell cycle inhibitors p16 and p18, and this effect is magnified by increased glucose concentration (64). This antiproliferative effect is specifically prevented by small interfering RNA knockdown of the inhibitors. In the Zucker diabetic fatty rat, a genetic model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes, the onset of hyperglycemia is preceded by a rapid increase in pancreatic fat (58). It is particularly noteworthy that the onset of diabetes in this genetic model is completely preventable by restriction of food intake (65), illustrating the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors.
For type 2 diabetics, diabetic management consists of a combination of diet, exercise, and weight loss, in any achievable combination depending on the patient. Obesity is very common in type 2 diabetes and contributes greatly to insulin resistance. Weight reduction and exercise improve tissue sensitivity to insulin and allow its proper use by target tissues. Patients who have poor diabetic control after lifestyle modifications are typically placed on oral hypoglycemics. Some Type 2 diabetics eventually fail to respond to these and must proceed to insulin therapy. A study conducted in 2008 found that increasingly complex and costly diabetes treatments are being applied to an increasing population with type 2 diabetes. Data from 1994 to 2007 was analyzed and it was found that the mean number of diabetes medications per treated patient increased from 1.14 in 1994 to 1.63 in 2007.
The idea of “reversing” is describing the well managed type 2 diabetes that can be maintained without the outcome of complications (eye disease, kidney disease, etc.). And it is totally possible to have type 2 (or type 1 diabetes for that matter) and have no complications – however, this takes careful management and is largely driven by the patient and their access to quality healthcare.
The first approach to managing diabetes usually means practicing healthier lifestyle habits. This is often centered on eating a better diet, getting exercise, and losing weight if necessary. If your doctor says that you need to make these changes, it’s smart to tailor them to your personal preferences so that you'll be more likely to stick with them.
They would often say to me, “Doctor. You’ve always said that weight loss is the key to reversing diabetes. Yet you prescribed me a drug that made me gain 25 pounds. How is that good?” I never had a good answer, because none existed. The truth was that insulin was not good for type 2 diabetes — it was only good for reducing blood glucose. The key was weight loss, whereupon the diabetes often goes away or at least gets significantly better. So, logically, insulin does not help reverse the disease, but actually worsens it.
Following these five principles can significantly influence blood glucose levels. However, not everyone responds the same. Some people with have immediate low blood glucose levels. Others may experience a slow and steady improvement of glucose control. Some may have temporary high glucose levels. Our experience is that this is transient and most people will improve.
Diabetes is a growing global epidemic that affects millions of people worldwide, but recent studies on various natural remedies for diabetes provide hope for reversing this disease. From adopting a fasting-mimicking diet to incorporating superfoods like spirulina and ginseng, there are lots of natural options that provide long-lasting results. Committing to healthy choices and positive lifestyle changes has helped many people overcome the disease, proving that Diabetes does not have to be a life sentence.
So, can you “reverse” diabetes? No – but you can manage it very well with the help of a Certified Diabetes Educator (CDE) and a knowledgeable primary care physician or endocrinologist. There are even prescription apps available to bridge the care that your clinicians can give you between visits and apps that offer virtual CDE’s for greater assistance.
Baseline Endothelial Reactivity was 1.88+/-0.7 (range 1.0-3.3), with 145/200 pts (72%)having endothelial dysfunction (less than 1.60). At 6 months, ER increased to 2.25+/-0.5 (range 1.2-3.6) (p<0.01). Only 40/200 (20%) remained with ED, but all had increased ER numbers. Ten pts stopped the polyphenols after a normal PAT; all developed ED on repeat PAT "
Chong points to previous research in Circulation that describes the underlying mechanisms of sleep apnea. In people with sleep apnea, activation of the sympathetic nervous system — including increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and constriction of blood vessels — all led to a higher risk of heart attack and stroke, which can be compounded in people who have type 2 diabetes (and thus already have a higher risk of heart disease).
The vast majority of people with diabetes, on the other hand, have the type 2 form, which is sometimes referred to as adult-onset diabetes, even though more and more children these days are developing this type. Lifestyle changes can play a vital role in controlling type 2; they are generally the initial and preferred method for regulating blood sugar levels, although oral medication and even insulin may eventually need to be added to the treatment regimen.
Type 2 diabetes is on the rise and is associated with insulin resistance. There are many factors which contribute to developing this disease some of which are modifiable and some of which are nonmodifiable. Modifiable risks which individuals can impact include weight, diet and exercise. It has been reported that gastric bypass patients who have T2DM are “cured” of the disease after surgery. That is a more drastic measure which many people are not ready or willing to consider.
Second, all minerals and vitamins should be taken in the most absorbable, bioactive forms. This makes the product a little more expensive, but there is a huge difference in the body’s ability to absorb and metabolize different forms of nutrients. I recommend Pure Encapsulations’ Polyphenol Nutrients to my patients, as part of a natural home remedies protocol for diabetes.
Some people who have type 2 diabetes can achieve their target blood sugar levels with diet and exercise alone, but many also need diabetes medications or insulin therapy. The decision about which medications are best depends on many factors, including your blood sugar level and any other health problems you have. Your doctor might even combine drugs from different classes to help you control your blood sugar in several different ways.
Besides going raw and eliminating sugar out of your life, you must switch to raw milk or its alternatives. In the book, The Devil in the Milk, Dr. Kevin Woodford explains how the type of milk we drink, directly reflects of the high incidence of many diseases, including diabetes and cancers. There are many substitutes available from almond milk to oat milk. They are extremely healthy and easy to make.
I’ve done this for years and I do it each time I’m pregnant in place of the glucose test. It is a cheap and easy way to keep insulin levels in check and see how your body responds to certain foods. While I can offer general advice on the amount of carbohydrates that should be consumed, at home glucose monitoring allows you to know exactly what your body will and won’t handle.
Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test. This blood test indicates your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. It measures the percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. The higher your blood sugar levels, the more hemoglobin you'll have with sugar attached. An A1C level of 6.5 percent or higher on two separate tests indicates you have diabetes. A result between 5.7 and 6.4 percent is considered prediabetes, which indicates a high risk of developing diabetes. Normal levels are below 5.7 percent.
The main goal of diabetes management is, as far as possible, to restore carbohydrate metabolism to a normal state. To achieve this goal, individuals with an absolute deficiency of insulin require insulin replacement therapy, which is given through injections or an insulin pump. Insulin resistance, in contrast, can be corrected by dietary modifications and exercise. Other goals of diabetes management are to prevent or treat the many complications that can result from the disease itself and from its treatment.
According to studies, cinnamon may have a positive effect on the glycemic control and the lipid profile in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. This is because it contains 18% polyphenol content in dry weight. This popular Indian spice can improve insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control. According to a study published in Journal Of The American Board Of Family Medicine, “cinnamon lowered HbA1C by 0.83% compared with standard medication alone lowering HbA1C 0.37%. Taking cinnamon could be useful for lowering serum HbA1C in type 2 diabetics with HbA1C >7.0 in addition to usual care.”
Reversal of type 2 diabetes to normal metabolic control by either bariatric surgery or hypocaloric diet allows for the time sequence of underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms to be observed. In reverse order, the same mechanisms are likely to determine the events leading to the onset of hyperglycemia and permit insight into the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Within 7 days of instituting a substantial negative calorie balance by either dietary intervention or bariatric surgery, fasting plasma glucose levels can normalize. This rapid change relates to a substantial fall in liver fat content and return of normal hepatic insulin sensitivity. Over 8 weeks, first phase and maximal rates of insulin secretion steadily return to normal, and this change is in step with steadily decreasing pancreatic fat content. The difference in time course of these two processes is striking. Recent information on the intracellular effects of excess lipid intermediaries explains the likely biochemical basis, which simplifies both the basic understanding of the condition and the concepts used to determine appropriate management. Recent large, long-duration population studies on time course of plasma glucose and insulin secretion before the diagnosis of diabetes are consistent with this new understanding. Type 2 diabetes has long been regarded as inevitably progressive, requiring increasing numbers of oral hypoglycemic agents and eventually insulin, but it is now certain that the disease process can be halted with restoration of normal carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Type 2 diabetes can be understood as a potentially reversible metabolic state precipitated by the single cause of chronic excess intraorgan fat.
Cinnamon has long been reported as a good source for the treatment of diabetes, due to a study done in 2003 by Khan and associates. 60 people were tested in the group and one third of the group was given a placebo. The end results were very impressive and the overall health of the group was increased with glucose down 18 percent; LDL cholesterol and triglycerides also showed reduced levels. Everyone was excited and the word of using cinnamon spread.
Anti-diabetic effect of a leaf extract from Gymnema sylvestre in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Baskaran%20K%20et%20al.%20Antidiabetic%20effect%20of%20a%20leaf%20extract%20from%20gymnema%20sylvestre%20in%20non-insulin-dependent%20diabetes%20mellitus%20patients Possible regeneration of the islets of langerhans in streptozotocin-diabetic rats given gymnema sylvestre leaf extracts - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378874190901064 Effects of a cinnamon extract on plasma glucose, HbA1c, and serum lipids in diabetes mellitus type 2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2006.01629.x/full Effectiveness of Cinnamon for Lowering Hemoglobin A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial - http://www.jabfm.org/content/22/5/507.short Cloves protect the heart, liver and lens of diabetic rats - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814610003870 Cloves improve glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus - http://www.fasebj.org/content/20/5/A990.3.short Effects of rosemary on lipid profile in diabetic rats - http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380120780_Aljamal%20et%20al.pdf Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End-Product Formation by Origanum majorana L. In Vitro and in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447365/ Evaluation of clonal herbs of Lamiaceae species for management of diabetes and hypertension - http://apjcn.org/update%5Cpdf%5C2006%5C1%5C107%5C107.pdf Metformin-like effect of Salvia officinalis (common sage): is it useful in diabetes prevention? - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16923227 Antidiabetic effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0944711305002175 Antiglycation Properties of Aged Garlic Extract: Possible Role in Prevention of Diabetic Complications - http://jn.nutrition.org/content/136/3/796S.full#fn-1 Effect of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale on dyslipidaemia in diabetic rats - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874104005732 Effect of Ginger Extract Consumption on levels of blood Glucose, Lipid Profile and Kidney Functions in Alloxan Induced-Diabetic Rats - http://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/35273868/17.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAJ56TQJRTWSMTNPEA&Expires=1484639718&Signature=Zb4rY42u7WJrbngfV6pCQzu61e0%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DEffect_of_Ginger_Extract_Consumption_on.pdf Efficacy of turmeric on blood sugar and polyol pathway in diabetic albino rats - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1013106527829 Hypolipidemic action of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1006819605211 A REVIEW ON ROLE OF MURRAYA KOENIGII (CURRY LEAF) IN (DIABETES MELLITUS – TYPE II) PRAMEHA - http://www.journalijdr.com/sites/default/files/4740.pdf Capsaicin and glucose absorption and utilization in healthy human subjects - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16612838 Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End-Product Formation by Origanum majorana L. In Vitro and in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23008741 Use of Fenuqreek seed powder in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0271531796001418 Ginseng and Diabetes: The Evidences from In Vitro, Animal and Human Studies - http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.797.4558&rep=rep1&type=pdf
If you have type 1 diabetes, your pancreas no longer makes the insulin your body needs to use blood sugar for energy. You will need insulin in the form of injections or through use of a continuous pump. Learning to give injections to yourself or to your infant or child may at first seem the most daunting part of managing diabetes, but it is much easier that you think. | 2.515625 |
1. Depending upon variety carrot become ready for harvesting within 100 to 120 days from sowing.
2. Depending in the variety, the desired size is the primary consideration in harvesting the roots.
3. Oversized roots are not acceptable.
4. Generally small to medium sized carrots are preferred.
5. At marketable stage carrots should have at least 2.5 to 4 cm diameter at the upper end.
Harvesting of Carrot:
Early carrots for the market are pulled out when they partly developed. They are normally du out, when the soil is sufficient moist with spade or a khurpi. The roots are trimmed and washed before sending them to the market.
Original Article Here | 2.515625 |
The increase in heroin overdose rates across America points to an alarming epidemic. Some attribute the rising heroin overdose rates with the increase in abuse of prescription opioid painkiller medications. Other sources blame the high heroin overdose rates on a broad variety of toxic substances that street heroin may be 'cut' with to dilute its potency.
Another commonly linked factor in heroin overdose rates is taking multiple substances at the same time. Medically, taking more than one psychoactive substance is known as poly-drug use. However the drug may be taken, Jacksonville heroin drug rehab centers are dedicated to treating the addiction and giving them to tools to live without it.
Heroin (diacetylemorphine) is an opioid drug synthesized from morphine molecules found naturally in the opium poppy.
It is now classified as a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substance Act in the U.S., meaning it is illegal to buy, sell, possess, or manufacture heroin.
There is a lot of growing evidence that links abuse of prescription opioid painkiller medications to the increase in heroin addiction rates. Many younger users somehow believe that prescription narcotic painkillers are somehow safer than illicit street heroin because they're dispensed by a pharmacy.
However, the active ingredient in narcotic painkillers like OxyContin is oxycodone, which is almost identical to heroin on a molecular level. It's possible to develop a severe addiction to prescription painkillers very quickly. As supply of medication dwindles or becomes too expensive, many addicts will turn to heroin as a cheaper, more readily available alternative.
Professionals within a rehab facility can administer treatment medications, such as methadone or Suboxone, to help reduce the severity of any withdrawal symptoms. The body detoxes from heroin as the dosage of the treatment medication is tapered down. At the end of the detox process, the person is free from both medications.
Rehab therapies are also required to treat the psychological aspect of heroin addiction. Regular attendance at individual counseling sessions, behavioral therapies, and group support meetings all contribute to a successful recovery from addiction.
You can also visit your local Narcotics Anonymous for more support. | 2.515625 |
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Drawing on materials from the New York Public Library, the National Yiddish Book Center, and the University of California Libraries, the Internet Archive has created this trove of digitized children's books. Currently, there are over 2,700 books available here and they include works like "Infant's cabinet of birds & beasts" from 1820 and "What the Moon Saw: And Other Tales" from 1866. On the left side of the page, visitors can take a look at the "Spotlight Item" and there is a tag cloud available here as well. Those persons looking for the most popular items can view the "Most Downloaded Items Last Week". Not surprisingly, some of these items include "Pinocchio" and "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz." Visitors are also welcome to receive updates from their forum here, and they can also chime in with their own questions.
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People who endure depression could look to yoga as a complement to traditional remedies as this appears to minimize symptoms of the disorder, in line with reports presented at the 125th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association.
According to Lindsey Hopkins, PhD, of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, who chaired a session highlighting research on yoga and depression, Yoga has become increasingly popular in the West, and many new yoga practitioners cite stress-reduction and other mental health concerns as their primary reason for practicing. But the empirical research on yoga lags behind its popularity as a first-line approach to mental health.
Hopkins’ research is inquisitive about the acceptability and antidepressant results of hatha yoga, the branch of yoga that emphasizes physical workouts, along with meditative and breathing exercises, to increase well-being. In the study, 23 male veterans participated in twice-weekly yoga classes for eight weeks. On a 1-10 scale, the average enjoyment ranking for the yoga lessons for these veterans was 9.4. All contributors stated they might recommend the exercise to other veterans. Also, individuals with greater depression score before the yoga session had a big reduction in depression symptoms after eight weeks.
The other, more specified variation of hatha yoga generally practiced in the West is Bikram yoga, often referred to as heated yoga. Sarah Shallit, MA from Alliant school in San Francisco investigated Bikram yoga in 52 women, aged 25 to 45 years old. More than have of the subjects were assigned to take part in twice-weekly courses for eight weeks. The others were instructed that they had been wait-listed and used as a control. All subjects were tested for depression phases on the start of the study as well as at weeks 3, 6 and 9. Shallit and her co-author Hopkins have found that eight weeks of Bikram yoga greatly lowered signs of depression compared with the control group.
In an identical session, Maren Nyer, PhD, and Maya Nauphal, BA, of Massachusetts General Hospital, offered data from a pilot study of 29 adults that also confirmed that eight weeks of at least twice-weekly Bikram yoga significantly decreased signs of depression and increased the different secondary measures including quality of life, optimism, and cognitive and bodily functioning.
According to Nyer, The more the participants attended yoga classes, the lower their depressive symptoms at the end of the study. Nyer has present funding from the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health to conduct a randomized controlled trial of Bikram yoga for individuals with depression.
Hopkins remarked that the study on yoga as a remedy for depression continues to be preliminary. She mentioned, At this time, we can only recommend yoga as a complementary approach, likely most effective in conjunction with standard approaches delivered by a licensed therapist. Clearly, yoga is not a cure-all. However, based on empirical evidence, there seems to be a lot of potential. | 2.515625 |
A History of the County of Durham: Volume 2. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1907.
This free content was digitised by double rekeying. All rights reserved.
HOUSE OF AUSTIN CANONS
10. THE PRIORY OF BAXTERWOOD
Towards the end of the twelfth century, certainly after 1180, (fn. 1) Henry Pudsey, a son of Bishop Pudsey, (fn. 2) having become possessed of the vills of Wingate (fn. 3) and Haswell (fn. 4) (Essewell), near Durham, founded a monastery at the latter place, and conferred both vills upon certain religious persons, probably canons of Gisburn, (fn. 5) for its maintenance.
The newly founded monastery was called 'The Church of St. Mary of Haswell,' (fn. 6) but it is doubtful whether the building of any church or religious house was actually begun at Haswell, (fn. 7) as almost immediately afterwards the same, together with other and more extensive possessions, (fn. 8) were conferred by Pudsey and others upon a newly founded monastery situated at Baxterwood, on the River Browney, about a mile from Durham. (fn. 9) This site was probably chosen in preference to Haswell on account of its greater natural beauty. (fn. 10)
This second establishment, which was called 'The New Place upon the Browney,' (fn. 11) was also dedicated to the honour of the Blessed Virgin. It was to be occupied by a body of canons of Gisburn, (fn. 12) sent thither from the mother-church under the superintendence of Stephen, one of its dignitaries. (fn. 13)
The building of the New Place does not seem to have advanced far, as no trace can now be discovered of wall or foundation. (fn. 14) The exact site can however be ascertained by reference to Bishop Pudsey's charter of confirmation. (fn. 15)
Baxterwood being so close to Durham, and the canons being of a different order from the monks of the priory, it was not to be expected that peace should long prevail. The Durham monks harassed the settlers in various ways, (fn. 16) till at last, as Geoffrey of Coldingham tells us, they drove Henry Pudsey to apologize for his presumption, and to make an entirely fresh arrangement. (fn. 17) He agreed to abandon the canons, to endow the church of Finchale with the lands previously granted to the monastery at Baxterwood, and to place there a certain number of Durham monks, under the immediate authority and control of Durham priory.
Lands in another part of the county were granted to the church of Gisburn, (fn. 18) and at first Stephen, the superior of the New Place, seemed satisfied. (fn. 19) Subsequently, however, he became restive; the pope was appealed to, and measures were taken to force Stephen to keep his promise of resigning the foundation charters of Baxterwood. (fn. 20) His opposition was crushed, and the revenues of the New Place were transferred to Finchale. (fn. 21)
The canons had a common seal, of simple but beautiful design. The Blessed Virgin was represented seated on a curious chair or settle of very light construction, holding on her left arm the Infant Saviour, whose form was partially covered by the folds of her robe. The seal was of the usual vesica shape, and the inscription ran—
✠ Sigill . Ecclie . Sce . Marie . De . Novo Loco . Super . Brun. (fn. 22) | 2.515625 |
It Can Age You
“Spending hours in front of a computer screen can hasten the onset of crow’s feet,” says Howard. “To minimise this effect, take frequent breaks and use an eye revitalising product to refresh your eyes and the skin surrounding them.”
It Can Cause Acne
“Your cell phone has 10 times the amount of the bacteria that you’d find on a toilet seat,” she says. “So when you press the surface of your phone up against your face, you transfer all that bacteria onto your skin, which leads to acne.”
It Can Hinder Your Sleep Pattern
The bright light of your device can mess up your sleep pattern. “Looking at your cell phone or tablet right before bed impairs melatonin production, which can lead to sleep disruption.”
Social Media Keeps You Going and Going
“There’s so much pressure to use social media professionally that it’s important to set boundaries,” she says. “So if you have to use it in your daily job, use it sporadically in your personal life. Constantly being ‘on’ adds to stress, which can affect your skin.” To keep stress from showing up on your skin, use a day and night moisturizer to keep your skin’s barrier intact.
It Can Stress You Out
“Most people have something close to a panic attack when they leave their phone at home or they’ve travelled out of cell phone range. This condition is called Nomophobia, which means the “fear of no mobile phone or being out of contact with your phone,” says Howard. And you know what happens to your skin when you’re stressed: it can trigger breakouts, develop psoriasis, and cause premature ageing.
This article was originally published in the March 2015 issue of Cosmopolitan India. | 2.515625 |
The new Historial de la Vendée museum, located in the vicinity of the village of Les Lucs-sur-Boulogne and nestling in the undulating landscape, offers an impression of the region’s eventful history from prehistoric times to the 21st century. The museum’s architecture is determined by its location – whilst the building also adds that something extra to the landscape. The client’s apparently paradoxical wish was to create an appealing cultural building that would also fit in well with the landscape without being highly conspicuous. PLAN01’s architects complied with this wish by designing a museum hidden under a roof comprised of planes sown with grass. They refer to an inconspicuous building, to the ambiguity between a discreet and expressive presence, and to embedding and elevation – since the growing number of visitors to the area is symbolic of the immersion in the history of the Vendée, and of an emotive development that elevates the region to a higher level. The museum opened in June 2006, and has a total floor area of six thousand square metres. It offers the public a three-dimensional interactive adventure and exhibitions of the collections using the very latest multimedia technologies, all set against the expressive decor of an artificial landscape. The building plan revealed an evident wish to merge the Historial into the landscape, and to integrate the building into a nineteen-hectare nature reserve on the banks of the Boulogne River. PLAN01, a collective comprised of four architectural firms, was awarded the contract in view of its success in interpreting this wish in its design. This new-generation museum reflects the powerful personalities of PLAN01’s ten architects, who succeeded in developing a collective and innovative design method in their ideas laboratory.
VEGETATION ROOF AND CURTAIN WALLS
The museum’s roof, comprised of eight thousand square metres of geometric planes covered with vegetation, integrates the monochrome bronze-green building into the landscape, while its glass façades offer visitors a view of the river. The development of the complex profile of the roof, using models and 3-D modelling, was an extremely painstaking task. The roof is comprised of a number of planes which fit in with the landscape and simultaneously give the building the expressiveness it needs to distinguish itself from its natural surroundings. “The museum leaves visitors guessing, under its geometric roof with edges that separate themselves from the natural surroundings and which create openings that allow light to enter the reception areas and render the building’s façades visible,” according to the architects. The left half of the steel structure is divided into triangles, each of a different surface area. The entire surface of the roof is clad with ten-centimetre thick foam glass bonded at the top and bottom with a layer of bitumen. This bears a perforated steel container. The laminated cellular glass structure insulates the building and renders it watertight. A light vegetative cover is laid out over the structure. An artificial irrigation system installed in the broad under-layer of the roof is indispensible for the viability of this roof covering, which resembles soil-less cultivation. In the spring, the roof becomes a floating meadow, with grass that can grow to a height of between thirty and sixty centimetres.
WINDOW ON THE LANDSCAPE
compact section in the form of a W divides the exhibition area between two main buildings, thereby reducing the building’s impact on the landscape and creating an optimal entrance to a central hall with two adjacent galleries. “We met the requirement for variable-sized exhibition areas by designing a building with a uniform structure that includes a portal structure with a span of 21 metres.” This demarcates the two 450 m2 main areas, each of which is comprised of two levels (of up to six metres high for the exhibition and storage areas, and six to nine metres high for the grid for the technical facilities and the beams), thereby rendering them ideally suited to their purpose. The rising edges of the roof above the south façade create space for an enormous glazed area that offers natural lighting in the hall and galleries, and which provides a view of the landscape of the Boulogne River. This curtain wall has a vertical structure without horizontal bars; the profiles, spaced at 1.20 metre intervals, are flat on the inside and textured on the outside. The glass façade is designed with a series of pleats which are not parallel to the edge of the roof. The pleated glass façade, of varying height, was constructed using Reynaers’ CW 50 system; in the absence of cross-bars, the façade resembles a bonded glazing system. Manufacturing the various differently-sized panels for the curtain wall was extremely complex. Moreover, the glass façades are separated from the steel structure, and are supported horizontally by a system of connecting plates that accommodate an expansion of 10 centimetres over the width of the span. Apart from the structural aspects involved in creating a plain continuous window on the landscape, the Historial is undeniably a marvellous work of art that enriches the hedgerow landscape of the Vendée. | 2.515625 |
Recreational sports became an important outlet for staff. In fact, sports occupied a whole chapter in the hospital’s official history. Baseball, football and even boar-hunting were regular group activities. William Happ snapped the above photo during one of the several baseball matches between Base Hospital No. 18 and a nearby evacuation hospital.
War Front Humor
For all of its glory and potential rewards, the work in a base hospital could be a dreary and frustrating experience. In diaries and memoirs, staff spoke of work stress, clashes with arrogant military superiors, depressing winter weather, homesickness and periods of boredom. To cope, they created outlets for release.
One important outlet was humor. While abroad, staff turned their frustrations into material for poems and songs about the day-to-day in France. “Heigho to the Fatted Calf” was a parody of the Home Front songs that drummed up patriotism through romantic images of battle glory. It was sung to the tune of “When the Caissons Go Rolling Along,” a song that extolled the experience of marching forward in battle. “Heigho to the Fatted Calf,” in contrast, was about coping with the reality of the front. The song’s refrain, “We’ll fight the fatted calf,” was another way of saying “we’ll fight the temptation to quit early.” The song opens with an unglamorous image of Base Hospital No. 18 suffering through the demoralizing effects of mud, bad weather and rural isolation. The second stanza recalls the time when the unit was immersed in romantic war glory: before their departure for France. Grand uniforms, movie cameras “clicking away,” and a celebratory voyage fed their eagerness and sense of adventure. The remaining lyrics are about their rude awakening in France: “pining away” in the port of Savaney due to the military’s disorganization, bad food, an uncomfortable ride on a “dinky” train, and feeling out of their element as American urbanites in a rural French village. “Bazwilly” – the American mispronunciation of Bazoilles-sur-Meuse – pokes fun at their outsider status.
At the end of the war, former members of Base Hospital No. 18 collected records, photos and recollections from their time and France and packaged them into a short published history of Base Hospital No. 18. The purpose, according to the Introduction, was “to preserve in permanent form, for the personnel of the Hospital and their friends, the memories of its activities and achievements during the war.” View a complete digitized copy in HathiTrust | 2.515625 |
We are back with another article on the nutrition requirements for men and women in the 50s. A woman's body undergoes major changes in the 50s because of menopause and a drop in the level of oestrogen. This causes a reduction in the vaginal lubrication and increases the risk of urinary tract infections.
In men, low testosterone levels cause loss of muscle mass, fatigue, erectile dysfunction and low libido.
In addition to that, low oestrogen levels can cause you to lose bone density putting you at a risk of osteoporosis. A dip in oestrogen also increases belly fat, heart disease and other age-related issues. Physical signs of ageing, a shift in circadian rhythm, losing bone mass, all these start showing up in both men and women.
In order to keep yourself healthy at this age, you should include key nutrients like B vitamins, calcium, vitamin D, fibre and antioxidants in your diet.
1. B vitamins
Important micronutrients like vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 help your body to get rid of a chemical called homocysteine which causes oxidative stress, impaired endothelial function, and thrombosis. This ultimately leads to atherosclerosis. By including these vitamin B6 foods poultry, fish, dairy products, bread, eggs, soybean, spinach, bananas and avocados in your diet, you can give your body the required amount of B vitamins it needs.
Also when you hit the 50s, the risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia are high and it can be lowered with the help of vitamin B12 foods which help in optimal brain function.
According to the Institute of Medicine, adults over 50 should get 2.4 mcg of vitamin B12 and 1.3 mg of vitamin B6 daily.
Calcium, the bone-strengthening mineral, is very much important at this stage as you have an increased risk of bone fractures and loss of bone density. So, to keep your bones healthy and strong include calcium-rich foods such as milk, salmon, leafy greens and yogurt.
According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, aim for roughly 1,200 mg of calcium per day. This applies to men and women.
3. Vitamin D
Vitamin D is an essential vitamin which helps in the better absorption of calcium and phosphorous. The best source of vitamin D is sunlight and most women and men over 50 don't get enough vitamin D. They should aim for 600 IU (15 mcg) from foods like fatty fishes, orange juice, dairy products, egg yolks, soy milk, etc.
When you are in your 50s, hormonal imbalances are common. To balance hormones such as leptin, the starvation hormone, your diet must contain high fibre vegetables. This will normalize the leptin levels by making you feel fuller for longer. Include high fibrous foods like broccoli, cabbage, whole grains, etc., in your diet.
Antioxidants act as free radical scavengers that have the ability to neutralize free radicals. These free radicals harm the cells which could lead to many diseases including cancer.
Most breast cancers and ovarian cancers are diagnosed in the 50s, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the case of men, prostate cancer is mostly diagnosed after 50.
So, include cancer-fighting foods like dark green leafy vegetables, dark yellow or orange fruits and vegetables. Other nutrients like vitamin C, magnesium, phosphorous, etc., should also be a part of your diet.
Healthy Habits To Incorporate In Your 50s
- Curb your sweets intake and sugary drinks in moderation. Watch your blood sugar levels to prevent type 2 diabetes.
- Include anti-inflammatory foods like turmeric, garlic, cocoa, tea and berries.
- Consume more essential fatty acids.
- Adjust your calorie intake as metabolism continues to slow down.
- Ease menopause symptoms with cashew nuts, apples, corn and soy as they are great sources of phytoestrogens.
- Consume a vegetarian diet a few times a week as vegetarian foods are low in calories.
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Exam 1 lobotomy
Bc lobotomy won nobel prize bc fulton's work stimulated moniz the face that lopped 10,000 lobes becky was a wild monkey but became tame after the removal of the frontal lobes. Rose marie rosemary kennedy (september 13, 1918 – january 7, 2005) was the oldest daughter born to joseph p kennedy sr and rose fitzgerald kennedy, and was a sister of president john f kennedy, and senators robert f kennedy and ted kennedy. Abnormal psychology exam 1 review test bank for theories of personality psychometrics eeg b) mri c) pet scan d) lobotomy 14 which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers a) amphetamines b) barbiturates c) hallucinogens d) opiates documents similar to psychology test 1 practice questions disorders practice test.
Psychology exam 1 what is science the method of seeking knowledge using observable experiments what is psychology the study of the way people think and act -frontal lobotomy-phototherapy-electroconvulsive therapy-transcranial magnetic stimulation what are the parts of the nervous system. Lobotomy 1 lobotomy, a historical procedure psyc/430 professor steve baker march 7, 2007 lobotomy 2 lobotomy, a historical procedure the lobotomy was first performed by the portuguese neurologist egas moniz in 1935 however by the 1960's it was a medical procedure which fell out of favor with most physicians (freckelton, 2005. Perhaps the lobotomy (the removal of parts of the brain) is the most controvertial of treatments that have been developed over the past two centuries for mania and depression. The triune 1 brain anticipating a better grade on the following morning’s exam, a student can ignore the limbic urge to socialise and go to sleep early instead over three years, this ongoing sacrifice translates into a first class degree and a scholarship to graduate school over a lifetime, it can mean ground-breaking contributions to.
Phlebotomy training – tips to get you started as a phlebotomy professional phlebotomy training phlebotomy is mainly the process of obtaining blood from patients and using it for testing. This is a quiz of some questions that might help when taking the phlebotomy certification test. Study exam 1 flashcards from andrew white's class online, or in brainscape's iphone or android app learn faster with spaced repetition.
-biological approach -surgical destruction of brain tissue (eg, lobotomy) -used in distant past with severe side effects (and 25% mortality rate) -today almost never used for mental disorders, but sometimes used for neurological diseases (eg, seizure disorders. Phlebotomy (from the greek words phlebo-, meaning vein, and -tomy, meaning to make an incision of) is the process of making an incision in a vein with a needle the procedure itself is known as a venipuncture. International english language testing system academic reading practice test 1 hour time 1 hour following morning’s exam, a student can ignore the limbic urge to socialise and go to presence of their littermates scientists have observed how, after a limbic lobotomy 2. Abnormal psychexam 1 study guide any of the topics listed below are fair game for the exam just because you see a topic on he. Study 48 abnormal psych exam 1 flashcards from charlotte f on studyblue study 48 abnormal psych exam 1 flashcards from charlotte f on studyblue flashcards sign up dc based neurologist who advocated moniz's lobotomy and performed thousands killing many people thorazine drug that was supposed to be like a lobotomy in a pill radical.
Exam 1 lobotomy
Lobotomy stock photos and images (183) best match fresh refine back page of by elnur 0 / 0 doctor examining x-ray images of patient stock photos by elnur 0 / 0 young woman visiting radiologist for x-ray exam stock photos by elnur 0 / 1 open mind pictures by chrisharvey 1 / 144 young woman visiting radiologist for x-ray exam stock images. In the teaser trailer of lobotomy corporation, in some point of the video (after the scene of singing machine), employees start to appear under the chaos of the facility actually, seem like they are representing the panic responses of the game in the next order: wander, suicide, shutdown and murder. Study flashcards on psychology final exam questions at cramcom quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more cramcom makes it easy to get the grade you want 3 or 4 day 1 to 2 week imagine you are reading the case of a woman that has undergone an operation known as prefrontal lobotomy, you can expect that after the operation.
It's actually community board 1 that's been pushing for the project to move forward, despite the public outcries meanwhile, otterness hasn't spoken out lately, but when he unveiled his shiny, happy sculpture back in 2008, he addressed the situation, saying, as you must understand this is a very difficult and painful situation for me. Portrayal of lobotomy 61 1 since ‘lobotomy’ is not a heading in the reader’s guide to periodical literature, articles were selected for review based on titles listed under the following. Prefrontal lobotomy the psychosurgery technique known as ( ) was thought to control a person’s violent and aggressive tendencies by disconnecting the thalamus from the higher brain centers of the cerebral cortex. Controversial issues exam 1 study guide two twpes of prefrontal lobotomy: 1 conventional (standard) - a leucotome (knife) is inserted forward of the ear canals on both sides (2) and moved so as to disconnect the prefrontal areas from the rest of the brain 2 transorbital (icepick) lobotomy – as practiced by freeman, an icepick like.
A lobotomy (greek: lobos: lobe of brain, tomos: section) is a form of psychosurgery, also known as a leukotomy (from greek leukos: clear or white and tomos meaning section) it consists of cutting the connections to and from, or simply destroying, the prefrontal cortex. Chapter 1: multiple choice questions try the multiple choice questions below to test your knowledge of this chapter once you have completed the test, click on 'submit answers for grading' to get your results. A lobotomy, or leucotomy, is a form of psychosurgery, a neurosurgical treatment of a mental disorder that involves severing connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex most of the connections to and from the prefrontal cortex, the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain are severed. | 2.515625 |
Kindergarten-2 Project Ideas - Amazon S3
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Anybody and everybody who uses the web regularly on the normal basis have most likely felt the affects laptop or computer infections and spywares. You will find preventive steps to safeguard your pc from undesirable infections and spy ware. A few words and ideas to what spy ware and infections are, its signs and symptoms, and the way to take them off.
What exactly are spy ware and computer infections?
Spywares are software that performs undesirable behaviors with advertising (malware), collecting private information and altering the configurations on your pc usually with no user’s consent. Much like spywares are computer infections, small software packages that hinder your pc operations.
Signs and symptoms of Spy ware and Infections
Be familiar with any unusual behavior out of your computer. Some detectable signs that the computer may be suffering from either spy ware or infections are:
Constant pop-up advertisements
Undesirable additional components
System runs slower than usual
Computer crashes frequently
Applications aren’t effective correctly
Disks/hard drives are inaccessible
Unresponsive and locks up frequently
Corrupted or deleted data
Erasing from the hard disk
Undesirable personal settings
Removing Spy ware and Infections
Up-to-date anti-virus or antispyware software up-to-date with the most recent definition files can help identify and take away the most recent threats for your computer. If people who use computers curently have the herpes virus or spy ware within their hard disk, than Malware Removal Tool software can help to take away the existing ones inside your computer, although, it doesn’t stop your computer from the viral or spy ware infection.
Some infections and spy ware are not as easy to get rid of with only anti-virus or antispyware software. Other undesirable software is made to reinstall themselves after they’ve been detected and taken off your pc. If this sounds like the situation, go to some professional programmer that will help you take away the bugs inside your hard disk.
There are many antiviral and spy ware programs on the web which are free, so look for a program that suits your pc. Bear in mind though that there are many fake protection software o the web too. Referred to as “rogue security software” or “scareware,” seems to become advantageous but they are generally misleading, supplying limited or no security, generating misleading alerts, and tries to lure users into fraudulent transactions. | 2.515625 |
A few days ago Kathleen Morris posted 10 Internet Safety Tips for Parents. If you’re a parent, or even if you’re not, it’s worth a read. I love that she started the list with this:
“1. Don’t let potential problems stop you from letting your child use technology for their education and personal interests.”
While it’s wise to be cautious, I think some parents (and schools) can’t see far enough past the potential pitfalls to notice what benefits they might be missing out on. Those benefits are growing by the day. And it doesn’t take too much work to find guidelines, tips, and/or rules (like Kathleen’s) that greatly decrease the risk of any problems.
I also like that she included a warning not to share your plans publicly. Most of the safety tips I’ve read warm against sharing information like full names, birthdays, etc. but fail to point out the dangers of letting the rest of the world know where you’re going and when. I think most teenagers can wrap their heads around the former, but don’t fully understand the latter — after all, isn’t that the whole point of social media in the first place? Not sharing sensitive information is a matter or changing your security settings. Not sharing your weekend plans is a matter of changing your habits.
The best part of all? Most of her tips can be accomplished just be being a good parent. | 2.515625 |
10 Ways To Help The Standing Rock Water Protectors From Afar
[This article originally appeared on The Alternative Daily here.]
How are you spending Cyber Monday? While we’re shopping for the best deals on holiday gifts after Thanksgiving, it’s easy to forget that there’s an ongoing fight for indigenous rights currently taking place on our own soil. Right now there are thousands of peaceful protesters — the majority Native Americans — at the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in North Dakota. They’re fighting to protect their clean water and sacred sites. And with the cold season fast approaching, they’ll need support and supplies to get through winter.
What’s happening at Standing Rock?
If you haven’t been following the news about Standing Rock, here’s a quick rundown:
Energy Transfer Partners is almost finished constructing the $3.7 billion Dakota Access Pipeline. The pipeline is being built to carry crude oil more than 1,000 miles from North Dakota to Illinois. Once completed, it will shuttle 470,000 barrels of crude oil per day. Proponents of the pipeline believe it will reduce dependence on rail and truck transportation and support national energy independence.
Here’s the problem: it must be built beneath the Missouri River, just upstream of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe’s supply of clean and safe drinking water. If completed, the pipeline would also pass through tribal land, including sensitive natural areas and burial sites. In legal documents, the tribe says the pipeline “threatens the tribe’s environmental and economic well-being, and would damage and destroy sites of great historic, religious and cultural significance.”
In the event of an oil leak, the area would be devastated, much like the 2015 spill of 50,000 gallons of Bakken crude oil into the Yellowstone River in Montana, or the 2010 pipeline spill of 1,000,000 gallons of oil into the Kalamazoo River in Michigan.
As a result, the Oceti Sakowin Camp has been formed at the construction site. It’s a historic gathering of tribes — the first of its kind since the Battle at the Little Bighorn in 1876. As part of camp etiquette, the protesters must “come in peaceful and prayerful manner,” keep the camp tidy and “respect mother earth” in doing so.
Why should you care?
It’s a peaceful protest, and yet, law enforcement personnel are using rubber bullets, tear gas, compression grenades, a high-pitched sound generator and water cannons in freezing temperatures to disperse the crowds. On November 20, hundreds were injured. To date, more than 400 protesters have been arrested.
The water protectors now also face eviction, presumably so construction can continue. The day after Thanksgiving, The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers sent an eviction notice to go into effect on December 5, citing concerns for federal safety:
“The Army Corps of Engineers is seeking a peaceful and orderly transition to a safer location, and has no plans for forcible removal. But those who choose to stay do so at their own risk as emergency, fire, medical, and law enforcement response cannot be adequately provided in these areas. Those who remain will be considered unauthorized and may be subject to citation under federal, state or local laws.”
Despite this notice, protesters intend to stay.
More support on the way
The events at Standing Rock have prompted worldwide support, including a statement from the U.N. urging the U.S. government to take action, international protests and a vast social media movement. Even The Dave Matthews Band hosted the “Stand With Standing Rock” event a few blocks from the White House during Thanksgiving weekend. Neil Young, who recently visited the protest site, also sent a plea to President Obama to intervene.
In addition, there are at least 2,000 U.S. military veterans “self-deploying” to Standing Rock on December 4 — the day before the eviction. The group, Veterans For Standing Rock, will stand beside the water protectors peacefully and unarmed.
So how can you help? Aside from actually showing up in Cannon Ball, North Dakota, there are plenty of ways that you can show your support from afar.
1. Get informed
It’s difficult to find headlining information about the Dakota Access Pipeline on major news sources likeCNN, NBC News and Fox News, but it’s out there. Get news and updates directly from the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe on their Facebook page or the Stand With Standing Rock website. Here is a list of allies to follow as well:
- Native Organizers Alliance
- Thunder Valley
- Water Protector Legal Collective
- Indigenous Environmental Network
- Indigenous Peoples Power Project
- Brave Heart Society
2. Educate others
With the power of social media at our disposal, there’s never been a better time to raise your voice about the issues you care about. Follow news stories and repost them to get the conversation going. Send messages @POTUS or @BarackObama using Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Use these popular tags to show your support and reach others:
3. Join a local credit union
There’s a #BankExit movement spreading on social media. It’s urging people to close out their accounts at the 17 corporate banks that invested in the Dakota Access Pipeline project, including Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Chase and Citibank. Participants are moving their money to local credit unions to support their local community and get lower rates and fees. When you’re done divesting your funds, you can sign this petition along with 102,000 others.
4. Sign multiple petitions
Join 372,248 others and sign a petition for President Obama to halt construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline permanently. When you sign up you’ll receive news and updates via email. You can also sign this Change.org petition going to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which has nearly 500,000 signatures. There’s also a petition directed at the White House, which has gathered more than 370,000 signatures so far.
5. Send supplies
The winter season in North Dakota can be especially brutal. With thousands of water protectors now gearing up for winter, they’ll need lots of supplies to get through below-freezing temperatures.
There are at least three Amazon “wish lists” requesting resources like propane, sleeping bags, tents, splitting axes, socks and electronic equipment. You can also send protective gear like respirators, coveralls and body armor.
- Sacred Stone Camp Wishlist
- Medic & Healer Supply List (for injured protesters)
- Standing Rock Needs You Wishlist
The Sacred Stone Camp has a list of needed supplies on its website, which includes firewood, snow tires, gas cards and even a pickup truck. The Oceti Sakowin Camp also has a list of supplies on its website, including yurts, blankets, gloves and bulk food supplies.
You can donate to the Sacred Stone Camp’s GoFundMe page, which has raised more than $2.6 million over the last seven months. Perhaps you can also donate to the Sacred Stone Legal Defense Fund through FundRazr, as more and more protesters may need legal assistance. You can also donate to the group of veterans heading to Standing Rock on December 4, called the Veterans For Standing Rock. Make sure to follow their journey on Facebook and share updates.
7. Make a call (or two)
This one may seem a bit old-school, but there’s no reason it shouldn’t be included on this list. If you’d like to voice your opposition, here’s a list of numbers to call. Remember: be professional.
- Contact North Dakota Governor Jack Dalrymple at 701-328-2200
- Reach out to the White House at 202-456-1111 or 202-456-1414
- Call the U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers at 202-761-5903
- Call Energy Transfer Partners (the company building the pipeline) at 210-403-6455 or 210-403-6762.
8. Volunteer your services
With more and more protesters gathering every day, now may be the time to donate your services. Are you savvy with the legal system? Handy with a camera? Expert at taking drone footage? Email [email protected] or call 701-301-2238 to see how you can help.
9. Organize an event
So far, protests have sprung up in San Francisco, Phoenix, Philadelphia and more. Senator Bernie Sanders even organized an event outside of the White House. If you’re in a position to do so, why not organize an event in your own area?
A new movement has popped up on actionnetwork.org called the “Global Month Of Action.” The group is asking the public to join in solidarity and take action every day of December. This includes creating events, closing out accounts at banks, contacting police departments in North Dakota and more.
10. Support renewable energy
This is a long-term strategy, but a vital one at that. By reducing your reliance on crude oil and supporting the renewable energy industry, you’re sending a clear message about where the market is going.
Use government rebates to buy eco-friendly appliances. Buy hybrid or electric vehicles. Reduce your carbon footprint by biking and walking around your neighborhood. Install solar panels on your home. Cut your energy consumption. Buy products from companies committed to sustainability. The list goes on and on. We can help the Standing Rock protesters today while also thinking about tomorrow.
As the Standing Rock story keeps heating up, it’s important to stay informed on what’s happening. Luckily, we can all help — all it takes is the click of a button, a share or a signature. In the spirit of #GivingTuesday, let’s go on and truly make a difference.
— Hilary Lebow | 2.515625 |
- (of persons, the body, etc.) characterized by trembling, as from fear, nervousness, or weakness.
- timid; timorous; fearful.
- (of things) vibratory, shaking, or quivering.
- (of writing) done with a trembling hand.
Origin of tremulous
Synonyms for tremulousSee more synonyms for on Thesaurus.com
Related Words for tremulousquivering, shaky, wobbly, shivery, palpitating, quavering, shivering, trembling, cowardly, fearful, jittery, nervous, shy, timorous, excited, shaking, timid, wavering, aquiver, aspen
Examples from the Web for tremulous
Contemporary Examples of tremulous
This year that tremulous feeling of going to the airport became different.Twin Disasters Turn 2014 Into the Year of Flying Dangerously
July 19, 2014
That tremulous “uhhhh,” which lasted more than a full second, gave the game away.Democrats Need to Get Specific to Make Obamacare a Winner
February 19, 2014
Rather than risk creating a “tremulous” signature, Lincoln instead commenced massaging his giant hands together.A Mighty Act: The 150th Anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation
January 1, 2013
Historical Examples of tremulous
The aged philosopher endeavoured to speak, but his voice was tremulous with emotion.Philothea
Lydia Maria Child
The bridge was tremulous beneath me, and marked the tremor of the solid earth.Other Tales and Sketches
"It was my father's sword," replied Theseus, with a tremulous voice.Tanglewood Tales
In the first place, Marcia's tremulous state made it difficult.The Coryston Family
Mrs. Humphry Ward
He was feeble, and his hands were tremulous with a perpetual nervous motion.Henry Dunbar
M. E. Braddon
- vibrating slightly; quavering; tremblinga tremulous voice
- showing or characterized by fear, anxiety, excitement, etc
Word Origin for tremulous
1610s, from Latin tremulus "shaking, quivering," from tremere (see tremble).
- Characterized by tremor. | 2.515625 |
Given the choice between ice cream and also spinach mixed greens, many individuals would certainly reach for the wonderful things. According to the Centers for Condition Control and also Avoidance no-profit wellness partner, Fruits & Veggies More Issues, only 6 % of Americans eat the recommended number of vegetable servings each day - and also of those veggies, not several of them are green.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), starched potatoes are the most frequently eaten veggie, at approximately 52 pounds per person, each year, with tomatoes (31 pounds) as well as red onions (8 pounds) rounding out the top three. Leafy environment-friendlies, such as green spinach as well as cabbage, didn"t also make the listing. Taking into consideration the USDA suggests adults consume at least 1.5 to 2 mugs of leafy greens every week, it"s clear the majority of people turn up short.
I like french fries and pizza equally as long as the following person, as well as I have actually been recognized to pass up a tossed salad for saltier, fattier, sugar-filled fare. However leafed greens don"t have to taste like you"re chewing on lawn, and if you discover to integrate them into your diet, you"ll benefit from every one of their health-boosting, cancer-fighting benefits.
Leafy environment-friendlies are stuffed with fiber, folate, calcium, as well as vitamins A, C, as well as K. The American Institute for Cancer cells Research explains that the carotenoids found in leafed greens work as anti-oxidants that assist protect against complimentary radicals from triggering damages to cells, and could assist prevent specific kinds of bust, skin, lung, as well as belly cancers. Furthermore, the folate discovered in greens could assist decrease the danger of pancreatic cancer, while fiber-full meals minimize the danger of intestines cancer.
Foods & Recipes to Environment-friendly Up Your Diet
Even with all the good-for-you stats, the reality of consuming a dish loaded with collard eco-friendlies and kale may be way too much to tummy. If you need a few ideas to up your consumption of Popeye"s favored meals, take a look at these tips.
Juicing is a fantastic means to apply environment-friendlies to your diet plan, especially if you have a tough time consuming mixed greens. Juicing, when done in your home, requires a juicing equipment that literally removes veggies and fruit juice from whole veggies and fruits that you feed with the juicer. If you prepare your juice intelligently, you can pack numerous portions of veggies right into a single glass.
There"s a technique with juicing though: If you make use of a lot of fruits when developing your juice, you can overuse the juice"s sugar material, which could possibly lead to a spike in your blood glucose, adhered to by a succeeding crash. If you utilize way too many veggies, you might be switched off by the taste (particularly if you"re new to juicing), and quit the method after a solitary attempt.
The goal is to create a juice that"s kindlying to the palate without being extremely wonderful. My preferred, beginner-appropriate eco-friendly juice is made with the following:
- 1 cucumber
- 2 cups spinach
- 2 small green apples
- 1/ 2 lemon, pressed into the finished juice
This combo makes around 10 to 12 ozs of fresh juice that tastes pleasant and also tangy, without overdoing the fruit content. And also once you acquire utilized to the a little "verdant" taste (there are two mugs of green spinach entailed, nevertheless), you could progressively minimize the green apples to a solitary apple, lessening the variety of fruit servings.
It"s also feasible to get prepackaged eco-friendly juices, however be a little careful about making an investment. Fresh juices hold their nutritional value far better than those that have been resting on a rack, and also some juice companies sugarcoat to their drinks to make them taste better.
Smoothies as well as juices lug several of the same benefits and drawbacks. Smoothie mixes are an outstanding method to slip environment-friendlies right into your diet regimen, yet it"s feasible to overload them with fruits and other add-ins, such as natural yogurt, transforming them into calorie- and sugar-laden beasts. The benefit is, when you opt to "smoothify" your beverages as opposed to juice them, you retain the fiber material of the fruits and veggies you make use of, making them a much more filling alternative that"s less most likely to result in a blood sugar level spike (as long as you keep a lid on the quantity of fruit you include).
My favorite smoothie includes:
- 1 cup simple kefir (you can make use of vanilla if you prefer)
- 1/2 small avocado
- 3 cups spinach
- 1/2 cup frozen blueberries
The outcome is an approximately 16-ounce sweet and also tangy healthy smoothie that will fill you up - it"s excellent for breakfast. If you try it as soon as as well as choose it does not keep you complete long sufficient, think about applying 1/4 cup completely dry aged fashioned oats prior to you mix. The texture will certainly transform slightly, however the extra fiber will certainly reduce digestion to keep you sustained all morning.
When winter season rolls around, nothing makes a hit like a steaming bowl of soup. Many broth-based soups can effortlessly suit environment-friendlies without frustrating the taste. For example, you can throw a couple cups of collards into a beef stew, or include green spinach or cabbage into your preferred homemade minestrone or Italian wedding soup recipe.
You could experiment with cheese as well as cream-based soups too, but be careful regarding the amount of fatty tissue as well as calories you"re consuming in a solitary sitting - these soups can build up quickly. Look for "skinny" or low-fat choices. For example, zucchini and also leeks can provide some soups a creamy structure with no real cream.
Like soups, covered dishes make it easy to add veggies without even noticing they"re there. You could layer eco-friendlies into your pizza, or apply prepared broccoli or green spinach to your cheesy tuna covered dish. I recently whipped up an enchilada-style black bean, pleasant potato, and also cabbage casserole that was to crave - and also I don"t like pleasant potatoes or cabbage all that much.
Whip up the recipe by yourself by complying with these instructions:
- 2 large sweet potatoes
- 1 number kale, de-stemmed and washed
- 1 can black beans, drained
- 4 or 5 entire wheat tortillas, sliced right into strips
- 1 mug mozzarella cheese, grated
- 1/2 cup fresh salsa
- 2 tablespoons olive oil
- Garlic powder, to taste
- Salt, to taste
- Paprika, to taste
- Crushed red pepper, to taste
- 1/ 4 cup cheddar cheese, shredded
- Preheat the oven to 425 degrees F. Line a baking sheet with tin aluminum foil and set aside.
- Dice two huge wonderful potatoes, spray with olive oil, as well as period to taste with garlic powder, salt, crushed red pepper, sage, as well as thyme. Location in oven and begin to roast.
- Spread one-half of the tortilla strips along the bottom of a 13-inch by 9-inch casserole recipe. Leading with de-stemmed kale, half the mozzarella cheese, as well as the can of black beans.
- When the wonderful potatoes have cooked through (concerning 25 to Thirty Minutes) as well as have actually started to crisp around the edges, apply them to the casserole.
- Top with the continuing to be tortilla strips, cheese, as well as salsa.
- Bake for roughly 15 to 25 mins, till the cheese thaws and the tortilla strips begin to crisp. Eliminate and also serve hot.
Most individuals do not think of "spinach" and also "treat" in the exact same sentence, yet you would certainly be stunned exactly how good some treats are with a little extra eco-friendly. You could whip up tasty green spinach brownies, or spinach cake. After a personal fell short attempt at making spinach ice lotion, I was able to concoct a shockingly scrumptious spinach shake with dark delicious chocolate as well as protein.
You could try it yourself using this dish:
- 7 ounces condensed milk
- 1/2 pint half and half
- 2 tablespoons raw honey
- 2 tablespoons simple whey protein powder
- 3 small pieces of dark chocolate
- 2 teaspoons vanilla or mint extract (mint will provide it an even more mint delicious chocolate chip taste)
- 3 cups packed, fresh spinach
- 2-4 cups ice cubes
- Place the condensed milk, half and also one-half, honey, healthy protein powder, vanilla or mint extract as well as green spinach into a blender and blend until well mixed.
- Add the dark chocolates and blend once again, until the dark chocolates have actually separated right into items as well as mixed well (10 to 20 matter of seconds).
- Start adding ice as well as mix up until the shake gets to the wanted consistency.
- Once you have actually reached the wanted consistency, taste the shake as well as make modifications based upon personal inclination. For example, you could wish to add a little a lot more honey or extract.
- Pour into glasses and top with nuts or shaved chocolate.
If you view the phrase "spinach shake" and also wish to run screaming in the other instructions, I comprehend. Not every dish or dish requires to be developed into a leafy environment-friendly getting area. That claimed, it"s essential to prioritize leafy greens as an essential part of your everyday life. If you discover on your own building up your vegetable portions by consuming french fries (potatoes) and also pizza (tomatoes), then it"s time to discover ways to boost the range of the veggies you consume, adding brighter, greener alternatives to the table. Beginning tiny and also aim to apply at the very least one added offering of leafy greens to your diet each day. Your health, and also possibly your waist, will thanks for it.
What"s your preferred means to eat your greens?
5 Easy Ways to Add Green Leafy Vegetables to Your Diet
Casserole, French onion soup, leafy greens, Soup, spinach | 2.515625 |
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