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Terror cops arrest man, 52, and discover 'number of devices' inside address
Britta Zeltmann
TERROR cops have arrested a 52-year-old man after finding a "number of devices" at an address in London.
The man was arrested on suspicion of collecting information likely to be useful to someone preparing an act of terrorism, police confirmed today.
The 52-year-old was arrested on suspicion of collecting information likely to be useful to a person preparing an act of terrorismCredit: Alamy
The Met said officers from its Counter Terrorism Command arrested the suspect at an address in West London on Monday.
He was taken to a police station in the capital and has subsequently been released on bail until late December.
The force said in a statement: "Investigators are analysing a number of devices as part of their ongoing enquiries."
It comes after Britain's terror threat level was raised to severe following the Liverpool car bomb plot - meaning another attack is seen as "highly likely".
Home Secretary Priti Patel announced last week: "The Joint Terror Analysis Centre are now increasing the UK's threat level from substantial to severe.
"There's a reason for that and that reason is because what we saw yesterday is the second incident in a month now.
'ANGER'
Scots prison officers fume at being told to hand drug-soaked items BACK to lags
"Of course that means we continue to work with our world-class security intelligence and policing services."
Mrs Patel wouldn't be drawn on whether there was specific intelligence behind the raising of the threat level.
But she added: "Our security and intelligence services prevent all sorts of acts day in, day out.
"They understand the landscape, they see context. they see all sorts of things that keep our country safe and secure every single day and that work will continue."
Counter Terrorism Policing North West continue to investigate the explosion in Liverpool which took place in a taxi outside Liverpool Women's Hospital on November 14 at around 11am.
UK terror threat level raised to SEVERE after Liverpool bomb with another terror attack 'highly likely' | {
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Meeting Report (1)
reference standards (15)
clinical diagnostic instrument (2)
pharyngitis (2)
polymerase chain reaction (2)
sepsis (2)
sore throat, streptococcal (2)
throat culture (2)
Administration/Practice Management (1)
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (1)
Developmental/Behavioral Issues (1)
Ethics/Bioethics (1)
Respiratory Tract (1)
Standard of Care (1)
Review Articles (2)
Section on Emergency Medicine Program (1)
Assessing Medical Decision-Making Competence in Transgender Youth
Lieke J.J.J. Vrouenraets, MSc, Annelou L.C. de Vries, MD, PhD, Martine C. de Vries, MD, PhD, Anna I.R. van der Miesen, MD, PhD, Irma M. Hein, MD, PhD
Pediatrics (2021) 148 (6): e2020049643.
BACKGROUND According to international transgender care guidelines, an important prerequisite for puberty suppression (PS) is transgender adolescents' competence to give informed consent (IC). In society, there is doubt whether transgender adolescents are capable of this, which in some countries has even led to limited access to this intervention. Therefore, this study examined transgender adolescents' medical decision-making competence (MDC) to give IC for starting PS in a structured, replicable way. Additionally, potential associated variables on MDC, such as age, intelligence, sex, psychological functioning, were investigated. METHODS A cross-sectional semistructured interview study with 74 transgender adolescents (aged 10–18 years; 16 birth-assigned boys, 58 birth-assigned girls) within two Dutch specialized gender-identity clinics was performed. To assess MDC, judgements based on the reference standard (clinical assessment) and the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T), a validated semistructured interview, were used. RESULTS Of the transgender adolescents, 93.2% (reference standard judgements; 69 of 74) and 89.2% (MacCAT-T judgements; 66 of 74) were assessed competent to consent. Intermethod agreement was 87.8% (65 of 74). Interrater agreements of the reference standard and MacCAT-T-based judgements were 89.2% (198 of 222) and 86.5% (192 of 222), respectively. IQ and sex were both significantly related to MacCAT-T total score, whereas age, level of emotional and behavioral challenges, and diagnostic trajectories duration were not. CONCLUSIONS By using the MacCAT-T and clinicians' assessments, 93.2% and 89.2%, respectively, of the transgender adolescents in this study were assessed competent to consent for starting PS.
Pediatric Sepsis Screen Accuracy: Comparison Of Two Reference Standards
Celeste S. Witting, BS, Norma Jean E. Simon, MPH, MPA, Douglas Lorenz, PhD, Roderick C. Jones, MPH, Katherine Lehnig, BS ...
Pediatrics (2021) 147 (3_MeetingAbstract): 488–489.
Machine Learning for Child and Adolescent Health: A Systematic Review
Zahra Hoodbhoy, MBBS, MEd, Sarah Masroor Jeelani, MBBS, Abeer Aziz, MBBS, Muhammad Ibrahim Habib, Bilal Iqbal ...
CONTEXT: In the last few decades, data acquisition and processing has seen tremendous amount of growth, thus sparking interest in machine learning (ML) within the health care system. OBJECTIVE: Our aim for this review is to provide an evidence map of the current available evidence on ML in pediatrics and adolescent medicine and provide insight for future research. DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted by using Medline, the Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, Web of Science Library, and EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Science Source. STUDY SELECTION: Articles in which an ML model was assessed for the diagnosis, prediction, or management of any condition in children and adolescents (0–18 years) were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted for year of publication, geographical location, age range, number of participants, disease or condition under investigation, study methodology, reference standard, type, category, and performance of ML algorithms. RESULTS: The review included 363 studies, with subspecialties such as psychiatry, neonatology, and neurology having the most literature. A majority of the studies were from high-income (82%; n = 296) and upper middle-income countries (15%; n = 56), whereas only 3% (n = 11) were from low middle-income countries. Neural networks and ensemble methods were most commonly tested in the 1990s, whereas deep learning and clustering emerged rapidly in the current decade. LIMITATIONS: Only studies conducted in the English language could be used in this review. CONCLUSIONS: The interest in ML has been growing across various subspecialties and countries, suggesting a potential role in health service delivery for children and adolescents in the years to come.
Validation of a Novel Assay to Distinguish Bacterial and Viral Infections
Isaac Srugo, MD, Adi Klein, MD, Michal Stein, MD, Orit Golan-Shany, PhD, Nogah Kerem, MD ...
BACKGROUND: Reliably distinguishing bacterial from viral infections is often challenging, leading to antibiotic misuse. A novel assay that integrates measurements of blood-borne host-proteins (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, interferon γ-induced protein-10, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) was developed to assist in differentiation between bacterial and viral disease. METHODS: We performed double-blind, multicenter assay evaluation using serum remnants collected at 5 pediatric emergency departments and 2 wards from children ≥3 months to ≤18 years without (n = 68) and with (n = 529) suspicion of acute infection. Infectious cohort inclusion criteria were fever ≥38°C and symptom duration ≤7 days. The reference standard diagnosis was based on predetermined criteria plus adjudication by experts blinded to assay results. Assay performers were blinded to the reference standard. Assay cutoffs were predefined. RESULTS: Of 529 potentially eligible patients with suspected acute infection, 100 did not fulfill infectious inclusion criteria and 68 had insufficient serum. The resulting cohort included 361 patients, with 239 viral, 68 bacterial, and 54 indeterminate reference standard diagnoses. The assay distinguished between bacterial and viral patients with 93.8% sensitivity (95% confidence interval: 87.8%–99.8%) and 89.8% specificity (85.6%–94.0%); 11.7% had an equivocal assay outcome. The assay outperformed CRP (cutoff 40 mg/L; sensitivity 88.2% [80.4%–96.1%], specificity 73.2% [67.6%–78.9%]) and procalcitonin testing (cutoff 0.5 ng/mL; sensitivity 63.1% [51.0%–75.1%], specificity 82.3% [77.1%–87.5%]). CONCLUSIONS: Double-blinded evaluation confirmed high assay performance in febrile children. Assay was significantly more accurate than CRP, procalcitonin, and routine laboratory parameters. Additional studies are warranted to support its potential to improve antimicrobial treatment decisions.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Rating Scales for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-analysis
Ling-Yin Chang, PhD, Mei-Yeh Wang, PhD, Pei-Shan Tsai, PhD
CONTEXT: The Child Behavior Checklist–Attention Problem (CBCL-AP) scale and Conners Rating Scale–Revised (CRS-R) are commonly used behavioral rating scales for diagnosing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of CBCL-AP and CRS-R in diagnosing ADHD in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Ovid Medline, and other relevant electronic databases were searched for articles published up to May 2015. STUDY SELECTION: We included studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of either CBCL-AP scale or CRS-R for diagnosing ADHD in pediatric populations in comparison with a defined reference standard. DATA EXTRACTION: Bivariate random effects models were used for pooling and comparing diagnostic performance. RESULTS: We identified and evaluated 14 and 11 articles on CBCL-AP and CRS-R, respectively. The results revealed pooled sensitivities of 0.77, 0.75, 0.72, and 0.83 and pooled specificities of 0.73, 0.75, 0.84, and 0.84 for CBCL-AP, Conners Parent Rating Scale–Revised, Conners Teacher Rating Scale–Revised, and Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire (ASQ), respectively. No difference was observed in the diagnostic performance of the various scales. Study location, age of participants, and percentage of female participants explained the heterogeneity in the specificity of the CBCL-AP. CONCLUSIONS: CBCL-AP and CRS-R both yielded moderate sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing ADHD. According to the comparable diagnostic performance of all examined scales, ASQ may be the most effective diagnostic tool in assessing ADHD because of its brevity and high diagnostic accuracy. CBCL is recommended for more comprehensive assessments.
Lung Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children: A Meta-analysis
Maria A. Pereda, MD, Miguel A. Chavez, MD, Catherine C. Hooper-Miele, MD, Robert H. Gilman, MD, Mark C. Steinhoff, MD ...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death of children. Diagnostic tools include chest radiography, but guidelines do not currently recommend the use of lung ultrasound (LUS) as a diagnostic method. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of LUS for childhood pneumonia. METHODS: We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Global Health, World Health Organization–Libraries, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature of studies comparing LUS diagnostic accuracy against a reference standard. We used a combination of controlled key words for age <18 years, pneumonia, and ultrasound. We identified 1475 studies and selected 15 (1%) for further review. Eight studies (765 children) were retrieved for analysis, of which 6 (75%) were conducted in the general pediatric population and 2 (25%) in neonates. Eligible studies provided information to calculate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Heterogeneity was assessed by using Q and I2 statistics. RESULTS: Five studies (63%) reported using highly skilled sonographers. Overall methodologic quality was high, but heterogeneity was observed across studies. LUS had a sensitivity of 96% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 94%–97%) and specificity of 93% (95% CI: 90%–96%), and positive and negative likelihood ratios were 15.3 (95% CI: 6.6–35.3) and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.03–0.11), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.98. Limitations included the following: most studies included in our analysis had a low number of patients, and the number of eligible studies was also small. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence supports LUS as an imaging alternative for the diagnosis of childhood pneumonia. Recommendations to train pediatricians on LUS for diagnosis of pneumonia may have important implications in different clinical settings.
Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Meta-analysis
Wei Ling Lean, MBBS, Sarah Arnup, BSc(Hons), Margie Danchin, MBBS, Andrew C. Steer, MBBS
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Effective management of group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis is hindered by impracticality of the gold standard diagnostic test: throat culture. Rapid antigen diagnostic tests (RADTs) are a promising alternative, although concerns about their sensitivity and specificity, and variation between test methodologies, have limited their clinical use. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of RADTs for GAS pharyngitis. METHODS: Medline and Embase from 1996 to 2013 were used as data sources. Of 159 identified studies, 48 studies of diagnostic accuracy of GAS RADTs using throat culture on blood agar as a reference standard were selected. Bivariate random-effects regression was used to estimate sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additional meta-analyses were performed for pediatric data. RESULTS: A total of 60 pairs of sensitivity and specificity from 48 studies were included. Overall summary estimates for sensitivity and specificity of RADTs were 0.86 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.88) and 0.96 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.97), respectively, and estimates for pediatric data were similar. Molecular-based RADTs had the best diagnostic accuracy. Considerable variability exists in methodology between studies. There were insufficient studies to allow meta-regression/subgroup analysis within each test type. CONCLUSIONS: RADTs can be used for accurate diagnosis of GAS pharyngitis to streamline management of sore throat in primary care. RADTs may not require culture backup for negative tests in most low-incidence rheumatic fever settings. Newer molecular tests have the highest sensitivity, but are not true point-of-care tests.
Molecular Assays in the Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Mohan Pammi, MD, Angela Flores, MD, Mariska Leeflang, PhD, James Versalovic, MD, PhD
BACKGROUND: Microbial cultures for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis suffer from low sensitivity and reporting delay. Advances in molecular microbiology have fostered new molecular assays that are rapid and may improve neonatal outcomes. OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether molecular assays have sufficient sensitivity (>0.98) and specificity (>0.95) to replace microbial cultures in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and explored heterogeneity by use of subgroup analyses based on the type of assay, gestational age of the neonate, and type of sepsis onset. METHODS: We performed the systematic review as recommended by the Cochrane Diagnostic Test Accuracy Working Group. Electronic bibliographic databases, conference abstracts, personal files, and reference lists of identified articles were searched. We included studies of case-control or consecutive series design, which evaluated molecular assays (index test) in neonates with suspected sepsis (participants) in comparison with microbial cultures (reference standard). Two reviewers independently assessed the methodologic quality of the studies and extracted data. RESULTS: A bivariate random-effects model was used for meta-analysis of the 23 included studies, and summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated. Mean sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78–0.95) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.97), respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and broad-range conventional PCR had higher sensitivity and specificity than other assays. Sufficient data were not available to evaluate gestational-age and sepsis-type subgroups. CONCLUSION: Molecular assays do not have sufficient sensitivity to replace microbial cultures in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis but may perform well as "add-on" tests.
Performance of a Rapid Influenza Test in Children During the H1N1 2009 Influenza A Outbreak
Andrea T. Cruz, MD, MPH, Gail J. Demmler-Harrison, MD, A. Chantal Caviness, MD, MPH, PhD, Gregory J. Buffone, PhD, Paula A. Revell, PhD
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of a rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT) in detecting H1N1 2009 influenza A virus in respiratory samples from pediatric patients in comparison to that of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and viral culture. Methodology. This was a cross-sectional diagnostic-accuracy study conducted at a tertiary care children's hospital. Patients for whom the RIDT (BinaxNOW [Binax, Inc, Portland, ME]), viral culture, and rRT-PCR results were known were included. Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 3030 specimens had RIDT results paired with both rRT-PCR and viral culture results. With rRT-PCR as the reference, overall test sensitivity was 45% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.3%–46.3%) and specificity was 98.6% (95% CI: 98.1%–99%). Positive and negative LRs were 32.9 (95% CI: 22.9–45.4) and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.54–0.58), respectively. RIDT sensitivity was significantly higher in young infants and children younger than 2 years than in older children. Using viral culture as the reference standard, RIDT sensitivity was 55.5% (95% CI: 51.9%–95.6%) and specificity was 95.6% (95% CI: 95%–96.1%). The positive and negative LRs were 12.6 and 0.47, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The RIDT had relatively poor sensitivity but excellent specificity in this consecutive series of respiratory specimens obtained from pediatric patients. Although a positive RIDT result was highly accurate in predicting infection with influenza type A H1N1 2009 in children, a negative RIDT result did not preclude a child having H1N1. Therefore, for children at high risk with influenza-like illnesses during high-prevalence periods of influenza, empiric initiation of antiviral therapy should be considered for patients with a negative RIDT result.
Relationship Between the Clinical Likelihood of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis and the Sensitivity of a Rapid Antigen-Detection Test in a Pediatric Practice
M. Bruce Edmonson, MD, MPH, Kathryn R. Farwell, BS
Objective. The sensitivity of a rapid antigen-detection test (RADT) for group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis is critical to whether the test is cost-effective and to whether a confirmatory throat culture is needed. We evaluated a second-generation RADT to determine if its sensitivity varies across the broad clinical spectrum of patients tested for GAS in pediatric outpatient practice. Methods. We used laboratory logbooks from a single pediatric clinic to identify 1184 consecutive patient visits at which an RADT was performed. In a blinded chart review, we calculated McIsaac scores to separately estimate the pretest clinical likelihood of GAS pharyngitis for visits at which the RADT result was positive (n = 384) and for visits at which the result proved to be false-negative (n = 65). Positive RADT results were assumed to be true positives, and test sensitivity was estimated by dividing the number of positive results by the sum of positives and false-negatives. Results. As the clinical likelihood of GAS increased, there were stepwise increases in RADT sensitivity (from 0.67 to 0.88). Sensitivity was low (0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.86) in patients clinically unlikely to have GAS (McIsaac score ≤2) and high (0.94; 95% CI: 0.89–0.99) in patients <15 years old who had tonsillar exudate and no cough. False-negative RADT results were associated with lighter growth of GAS than found on specimens obtained from a random sample of clinic patients who had only primary throat cultures ordered. Conclusions. For pediatric patients who are clinically unlikely to have GAS pharyngitis, as indicated by a McIsaac score ≤2, the sensitivity of a second-generation RADT may drop below thresholds reported for cost-effectiveness. For children who have tonsillar exudate and no cough, the test may be sensitive enough to meet current pediatric practice guidelines for stand-alone testing.
Neal A. Halsey, Caroline B. Hall
Dr Vegnente et al raise an important point regarding the different concentrations of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBsAg) in preparations of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) prepared by manufacturers outside the United States. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations were based on products manufactured in the United States (US). These products have been standardized to contain anti-HBsAg concentrations equivalent to or exceeding the potency of anti-HBsAg in a reference standard hepatitis B immune globulin (human) prepared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Pulmonary Function Testing Reference Values and Interpretations in Pediatric Training Programs
Edward N. Pattishall
A questionnaire was sent to all pediatric training programs to evaluate the use of pulmonary function reference standards and the interpretation of pulmonary function test results. Responses were obtained from 107 of 130 institutions, and 94 of these had pulmonary function laboratories available. Of the 94, 60 used one of three reference standards. The primary reason the reference standards were chosen was either unknown or because they came with the spirometer (24), were recommended by another person or were those used in that person's training (34), or were thought to be the best standards available or most applicable to the population to be tested (31). To define abnormality, most used an 80% predicted cutoff for forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% vital capacity. For a change in an individual through time, most used a 10% change for forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% vital capacity. Thirteen used statistical methods to define abnormal individuals and none used statistical methods to define a significant change over time. Although there are a few guidelines for reference standards and interpretations of pulmonary function tests, it appears that most laboratories are not using those guidelines and that further guidelines and education are needed.
Metabolic Reference Standards for the Neonate
W. Burmeister
Pediatrics (1968) 41 (6): 1146–1147.
I would like to comment on the article by J. C. Sinclair, et al. (Pediatrics, 39:724, 1967), "Metabolic Reference Standards for the Neonate." In the course of my work on the composition of the human organism, I also found the difference weight-extracellular fluid (= W-ECF). The fact that the composition of W-ECF is a rather constant one may be seen from the following calculation: if total body water content is assumed to be 71% of body mass with newborn and 61% with male adults, it follows that the proportion of intracellular water in W-ECF remains almost unchanged during growth.
Metabolic Reference Standards for the Newborn, and the Fatness of Big Babies
BRUCE D. ACKERMAN
In the May 1967 issue of Pediatrics, Sinclair, Scopes, and Silverman discuss metabolic reference standards for neonates. The authors conclude that the most suitable standard is body weight minus extracellular fluid (ECF), since, over a wide range of birth weights, there is a nearly constant value for oxygen consumption (Vo2 per (body weight—ECF). The authors found fat-free weight, as well as several other standards, much less satisfactory, since over the birth weight range studied the value found for Vo2 per fat-free weight varied markedly with body weight.
John C. Sinclair, Jon W. Scopes, William A. Silverman
Oxygen consumption of 92 normally grown newborn babies of birth weight 750 to 3,940 gm has been expressed in terms of various metabolic reference standards in order to identify any systematic variation in expression of metabolic rate that is introduced by these bases of reference in the newborn population. It is postulated that differences in body composition comprise a contributory factor to the variation among newborn babies in rate of oxygen consumption per kilogram body weight. The predictive error from a mean value is increased if surface area, body weight, or fat-free body weight is substituted for body weight as a metabolic reference standard. By taking into account known changes in body composition of the fetus with increasing maturity, a compartment representing the active tissue mass is calculated. This corresponds closely to body weight minus extracellular fluid and includes fat. Rate of oxygen consumption is proportional to the size of this compartment over the range of body weights studied. Implications are discussed as to the metabolic rate of adipose tissue in the newborn and body composition among undergrown babies. | {
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'Tearful' and 'overwhelmed' Birmingham journalists condemn Reach handling of job cuts
Amber Heard was 'antagoniser' in relationship with Johnny Depp, Sun libel trial hears
Radio Journalism
Television Journalism
Andrew Neil Show canned as BBC News widens restructure plans with loss of 520 jobs
The Andrew Neil Show has been cancelled as BBC News revives plans for a restructure that will now see more than 500 jobs cut.
Plans to cut 450 roles were originally unveiled in January before they were put on hold during the worst of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Staff have now been told an extra 70 jobs will be lost, taking the total to 520, as the plan is rolled out in stages. The BBC said these job losses will include senior management.
The National Union of Journalists said 120 of the post closures had been revealed in January and a further 150 today, leaving 250 still to come.
The Andrew Neil Show, which launched in September 2019, will not return – following in the footsteps of the Victoria Derbyshire Show which was canned earlier this year.
A BBC News spokesperson said: "We remain committed to Andrew Neil's in-depth interviews (as well as the Budget, US Election and other Specials)."
They added that they are in discussions with Neil about a new interview series for BBC One.
Politics Live, which has only aired on Wednesdays during the pandemic, will return on only four days of five – Mondays to Thursdays – following an outpouring of support for the BBC Two programme.
Using lessons learned during lockdown fewer studios will be used, meaning "significant reductions" will be made in the number of operations staff. The presenting pool will also be cut.
BBC Parliament will focus on live and as-live coverage and produce daily and weekly highlights programmes but no longer commission bespoke programming.
The BBC's vision outline in January is for a "modernised" newsgathering operation that will see fewer reporting staff and more correspondents working across different programmes.
Director of news and current affairs Fran Unsworth said today: "During this crisis audiences have turned to BBC News in their millions and I'm incredibly proud of what we, as a team, have been able to achieve.
"But if we don't make changes, we won't be sustainable. This crisis has led us to re-evaluate exactly how we operate as an organisation. And our operation has been underpinned by the principles we set out earlier this year – fewer stories, more targeted and with more impact."
The BBC faces lost income of an estimated £125m in the next year because of the Covid-19 crisis. It already had to make £800m in savings by 2022, including £80m in the news department.
But the National Union of Journalists' broadcasting organiser Paul Siegert said if the Government does not increase funding for the BBC the alternative is a "slow death… as people are deprived of the programmes and services they want and love".
The BBC's updated restructuring plans include appointing a commissioning group made up of its existing editors to co-ordinate the biggest planned stories and avoid duplication.
There will also be a new team bringing together staff from the Victoria Derbyshire Show and digital storytelling team BBC Stories to focus on under-reported off-diary stories for daily news programmes and online, it said.
The BBC News Channel and BBC World News will continue to share some output as they have done since the start of the pandemic.
Meanwhile, radio network World Service English's The World This Week will not return and Newsday will be shorter as it also makes some of its pandemic changes permanent.
Business coverage will be more integrated with the wider output, which the BBC said will increase it impact. This means there will no longer be separate business bulletins on the BBC News Channel or World Service English, and the Business Online page will go.
BBC Radio 4's In Business will also close.
The BBC also said it will increase the number of journalists on the digital team and roll out more stories in the morning when its online audiences are highest.
The number of community affairs roles will be cut in London but more will be appointed around the UK.
The cuts to BBC News are separate to those facing those in the BBC's regional newsrooms.
Some 450 jobs in radio, TV and online will go at BBC England as it must make savings of £25m by the end of March 2022.
A further 150 roles will be lost across the BBC in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Picture: BBC
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1 thought on "Andrew Neil Show canned as BBC News widens restructure plans with loss of 520 jobs"
jon holden says:
It's 'Siegert'. Not 'Siegart'. | {
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The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain
Joshua D. Lewis, Amber L. Caldara, Stephanie E. Zimmer, Sara N. Stahley, Anna Seybold, Nicole L. Strong, Achilleas S. Frangakis, Ilya Levental, James K. Wahl, Alexa L. Mattheyses, Takashi Sasaki, Kazuhiko Nakabayashi, Kenichiro Hata, Yoichi Matsubara, Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto, Masayuki Amagai, Akiharu Kubo, Andrew P. Kowalczyk
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Desmogleins (Dsgs) are cadherin family adhesion molecules essential for epidermal integrity. Previous studies have shown that desmogleins associate with lipid rafts, but the significance of this association was not clear. Here, we report that the desmoglein transmembrane domain (TMD) is the primary determinant of raft association. Further, we identify a novel mutation in the DSG1 TMD (G562R) that causes severe dermatitis, multiple allergies, and metabolic wasting syndrome. Molecular modeling predicts that this G-to-R mutation shortens the DSG1 TMD, and experiments directly demonstrate that this mutation compromises both lipid raft association and desmosome incorporation. Finally, cryo-electron tomography indicates that the lipid bilayer within the desmosome is ∼10% thicker than adjacent regions of the plasma membrane. These findings suggest that differences in bilayer thickness influence the organization of adhesion molecules within the epithelial plasma membrane, with cadherin TMDs recruited to the desmosome via the establishment of a specialized mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain.
Molecular biology of the cell
https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649
10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649
Dive into the research topics of 'The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Desmogleins Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Desmosomes Medicine & Life Sciences 80%
Membrane Lipids Medicine & Life Sciences 69%
Cadherins Medicine & Life Sciences 42%
Electron Microscope Tomography Medicine & Life Sciences 30%
Cell Membrane Medicine & Life Sciences 30%
Wasting Syndrome Medicine & Life Sciences 29%
Lewis, J. D., Caldara, A. L., Zimmer, S. E., Stahley, S. N., Seybold, A., Strong, N. L., Frangakis, A. S., Levental, I., Wahl, J. K., Mattheyses, A. L., Sasaki, T., Nakabayashi, K., Hata, K., Matsubara, Y., Ishida-Yamamoto, A., Amagai, M., Kubo, A., & Kowalczyk, A. P. (2019). The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain. Molecular biology of the cell, 30(12), 1390-1405. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649
Lewis, Joshua D. ; Caldara, Amber L. ; Zimmer, Stephanie E. et al. / The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain. In: Molecular biology of the cell. 2019 ; Vol. 30, No. 12. pp. 1390-1405.
@article{dfe9b94766184babb5c7cf353156c4fe,
title = "The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain",
abstract = "Desmogleins (Dsgs) are cadherin family adhesion molecules essential for epidermal integrity. Previous studies have shown that desmogleins associate with lipid rafts, but the significance of this association was not clear. Here, we report that the desmoglein transmembrane domain (TMD) is the primary determinant of raft association. Further, we identify a novel mutation in the DSG1 TMD (G562R) that causes severe dermatitis, multiple allergies, and metabolic wasting syndrome. Molecular modeling predicts that this G-to-R mutation shortens the DSG1 TMD, and experiments directly demonstrate that this mutation compromises both lipid raft association and desmosome incorporation. Finally, cryo-electron tomography indicates that the lipid bilayer within the desmosome is ∼10% thicker than adjacent regions of the plasma membrane. These findings suggest that differences in bilayer thickness influence the organization of adhesion molecules within the epithelial plasma membrane, with cadherin TMDs recruited to the desmosome via the establishment of a specialized mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain.",
author = "Lewis, {Joshua D.} and Caldara, {Amber L.} and Zimmer, {Stephanie E.} and Stahley, {Sara N.} and Anna Seybold and Strong, {Nicole L.} and Frangakis, {Achilleas S.} and Ilya Levental and Wahl, {James K.} and Mattheyses, {Alexa L.} and Takashi Sasaki and Kazuhiko Nakabayashi and Kenichiro Hata and Yoichi Matsubara and Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto and Masayuki Amagai and Akiharu Kubo and Kowalczyk, {Andrew P.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Kathleen Green and members of the Kowalczyk lab for comments and insights during the preparation of this article. We also thank Joseph Lorent for help generating the TMD models. This work was supported by grants (R01AR048266, R01AR048266-13S1, and R01AR050501 to A.P.K.; LOEWE Dynamem to A.S.F.) and fellowships (F31AR066476 and T32GM008367 to J.D.L.) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and by the Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases (16ek0109067h0003 to Y.M. and 16ek0109151h0002 to A.K.) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development. I.L. is funded by the NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM114282, GM124072, GM120351), the Volkswagen Foundation (grant 93091), and the Human Frontiers Science Program (RGP0059/2019). Additional support was provided by core facilities at Emory University, including the Integrated Cellular Imaging Core, the Emory Flow Cytometry Core, and the Cloning Division within Emory Integrated Genomics Core. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Lewis, Caldara, et al.",
doi = "10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649",
journal = "Molecular Biology of the Cell",
publisher = "American Society for Cell Biology",
Lewis, JD, Caldara, AL, Zimmer, SE, Stahley, SN, Seybold, A, Strong, NL, Frangakis, AS, Levental, I, Wahl, JK, Mattheyses, AL, Sasaki, T, Nakabayashi, K, Hata, K, Matsubara, Y, Ishida-Yamamoto, A, Amagai, M, Kubo, A & Kowalczyk, AP 2019, 'The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain', Molecular biology of the cell, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 1390-1405. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649
The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain. / Lewis, Joshua D.; Caldara, Amber L.; Zimmer, Stephanie E. et al.
In: Molecular biology of the cell, Vol. 30, No. 12, 2019, p. 1390-1405.
T1 - The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain
AU - Lewis, Joshua D.
AU - Caldara, Amber L.
AU - Zimmer, Stephanie E.
AU - Stahley, Sara N.
AU - Seybold, Anna
AU - Strong, Nicole L.
AU - Frangakis, Achilleas S.
AU - Levental, Ilya
AU - Wahl, James K.
AU - Mattheyses, Alexa L.
AU - Sasaki, Takashi
AU - Nakabayashi, Kazuhiko
AU - Hata, Kenichiro
AU - Matsubara, Yoichi
AU - Ishida-Yamamoto, Akemi
AU - Amagai, Masayuki
AU - Kubo, Akiharu
AU - Kowalczyk, Andrew P.
N1 - Funding Information: We thank Kathleen Green and members of the Kowalczyk lab for comments and insights during the preparation of this article. We also thank Joseph Lorent for help generating the TMD models. This work was supported by grants (R01AR048266, R01AR048266-13S1, and R01AR050501 to A.P.K.; LOEWE Dynamem to A.S.F.) and fellowships (F31AR066476 and T32GM008367 to J.D.L.) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and by the Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases (16ek0109067h0003 to Y.M. and 16ek0109151h0002 to A.K.) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development. I.L. is funded by the NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM114282, GM124072, GM120351), the Volkswagen Foundation (grant 93091), and the Human Frontiers Science Program (RGP0059/2019). Additional support was provided by core facilities at Emory University, including the Integrated Cellular Imaging Core, the Emory Flow Cytometry Core, and the Cloning Division within Emory Integrated Genomics Core. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Lewis, Caldara, et al.
N2 - Desmogleins (Dsgs) are cadherin family adhesion molecules essential for epidermal integrity. Previous studies have shown that desmogleins associate with lipid rafts, but the significance of this association was not clear. Here, we report that the desmoglein transmembrane domain (TMD) is the primary determinant of raft association. Further, we identify a novel mutation in the DSG1 TMD (G562R) that causes severe dermatitis, multiple allergies, and metabolic wasting syndrome. Molecular modeling predicts that this G-to-R mutation shortens the DSG1 TMD, and experiments directly demonstrate that this mutation compromises both lipid raft association and desmosome incorporation. Finally, cryo-electron tomography indicates that the lipid bilayer within the desmosome is ∼10% thicker than adjacent regions of the plasma membrane. These findings suggest that differences in bilayer thickness influence the organization of adhesion molecules within the epithelial plasma membrane, with cadherin TMDs recruited to the desmosome via the establishment of a specialized mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain.
AB - Desmogleins (Dsgs) are cadherin family adhesion molecules essential for epidermal integrity. Previous studies have shown that desmogleins associate with lipid rafts, but the significance of this association was not clear. Here, we report that the desmoglein transmembrane domain (TMD) is the primary determinant of raft association. Further, we identify a novel mutation in the DSG1 TMD (G562R) that causes severe dermatitis, multiple allergies, and metabolic wasting syndrome. Molecular modeling predicts that this G-to-R mutation shortens the DSG1 TMD, and experiments directly demonstrate that this mutation compromises both lipid raft association and desmosome incorporation. Finally, cryo-electron tomography indicates that the lipid bilayer within the desmosome is ∼10% thicker than adjacent regions of the plasma membrane. These findings suggest that differences in bilayer thickness influence the organization of adhesion molecules within the epithelial plasma membrane, with cadherin TMDs recruited to the desmosome via the establishment of a specialized mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain.
U2 - 10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649
DO - 10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649
JO - Molecular Biology of the Cell
JF - Molecular Biology of the Cell
Lewis JD, Caldara AL, Zimmer SE, Stahley SN, Seybold A, Strong NL et al. The desmosome is a mesoscale lipid raft–like membrane domain. Molecular biology of the cell. 2019;30(12):1390-1405. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0649 | {
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Hamilton's Philadelphia Production Announces Digital Lottery
The digital lottery will be available for every performance.
Sarah Grace Drinkwine
Hamilton will run at the Forrest Theatre.
Philadelphia's Forrest Theatre has recently announced its rush policy for Hamilton, which will run August 27-November 17.
As with the Broadway production, 40 $10 tickets will be made available via digital lottery. The lottery for the first performance will begin at 11am on Sunday, August 25; all other lotteries will begin two days prior to each performance.
The musical is described as follows: "Hamilton is the story of America's Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, an immigrant from the West Indies who became George Washington's right-hand man during the Revolutionary War and was the new nation's first Treasury Secretary. Featuring a score that blends hip-hop, jazz, blues, rap, R&B, and Broadway, Hamilton is the story of America then, as told by America now.
rush policy | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
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Red News. Founded 1987. United's first fanzine. twitter @barneyrednews email: [email protected] There's nothing on Earth like being a Red | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
E-Ship CrashCourse
FastTrack Accelerator
Idea TestLab
Digital TestLab
LaunchBox Startups
Entrepreneur Assistance Clinic
Intellectual Property Clinic
Supporting and building our local economy.
Our mission is to connect local entrepreneurs to the support, resources, and facilities they need to de-risk and accelerate their ventures. It's good for them, and it's good for our economy.
Structured accelerator programs
Expert Speaker Series
Legal and intellectual property advice
Business advice and next steps
Run by entrepreneurs for entrepreneurs.
Our staff have all started and run businesses and we bring that experience to everything we do.
We love helping others to jump start and grow their businesses so set up at time with us to talk about next steps.
A focus on empowering entrepreneurs.
Our goal is to hep you make more informed business decisions. To to that we believe you need to have access to a variety of experts so we've build a network of 60+ industry and domain experts that help you avoid common mistakes.
The entrepreneurs we assist are typically working to launch non-traditional businesses with an unknown, or unproven, business model and are in the early stages of defining and launching their ventures.
Learn fast. Fail fast. Iterate.
All our programs and coaching are based on a lean startup approach. Key to the this approach is learning quickly and cheaply, then adjusting based on what you're learning.
We help entrepreneurs to "get out of the building" and interact with potential customers to validate their assumptions before they build anything. This way they build what they know people want, not what the think they want.
We like to have fun too.
Starting a business is hard, so we make sure that we we work in some fun too.
Sometimes we even take road trips to get inspired by visitng amazing startup companies here in Pennsylvania.
Penn State funded, but open to all.
The Happy Valley LaunchBox is a signature program of Invent Penn State, a Commonwealth-wide initiative to spur economic development, job creation, and student career success. While initially funded by Penn State, we are open to all.
a bit more, if you're interested:
Open to the public. No affiliation with Penn State is needed.
All our services are no-cost
We partner with other local economic development groups
We are one of 21 innovation spaces across the Commonwealth
Meet the LaunchBox Team
Elizabeth Hay
The Jack White Family Director
Elizabeth's role at LaunchBox is to help startups de-risk and grow their businesses. She runs the accelerator programs, provides advice on turning ideas into businesses, and teaches a series of workshops on entrepreneurial thinking. When she's not spreading the word about lean startup, she is immersing herself in the world of entrepreneurship both as a business owner of TechKnowServ Corporation, a State College based engineering firm and as a student in the Penn State Smeal College of Business MBA program. Elizabeth has started and owned several businesses and is passionate about demystifying entrepreneurship to make it accessible to all willing to learn.
Jason Huber
Entrepreneurial Cog Coordinator
Jason's role at LaunchBox is to run the facilities, manage all the events, welcome visitors, give impromptu tours, and build a network of resources that startups can leverage. He has a wicked sense of humor and is great at recognizing movie and music references randomly slipped into conversations. When he's not connecting entrepreneurs to much needed resources, he's sharing his experiences as an entrepreneur, and creating some of the most amazing calendar art you'll ever see. Coming from an entrepreneurial family, Jason has been involved in a number of businesses, including starting, running, and selling a successful graphic T-shirt design and print shop with his co-founder.
Ben Nason
Idea Catalyst
Not a day goes by when Ben isn't thinking about how to turn cool ideas into viable businesses. He's a natural idea machine, chaos wrangler, and science nerd. His most recent startup venture was with Phospholutions, an agricultural technology company focused on reducing phosphorus runoff. While there, he helped grow the team, support research trials, and sales across the East Coast. Ben is now bringing his passion for the early-stage startups here to the LaunchBox as the Idea Catalyst where he is building new programs to support blossoming entrepreneurs.
Interesting in meeting with someone about your idea? We'd love to hear what you're working on.
Set Up a Time
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FastTrack Accelerator is underway and we have 11 awesome teams participating this spring session. Team bios were recently featured by Invent Penn State!
invent.psu.edu/stories/11-startups-selected-for-spring-2023-fasttrack-accelerator/ ... See MoreSee Less
Invent Penn State is a Commonwealth-wide initiative to spur economic development, job creation and student career success.
201 Old Main, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 | 814-865-4700 | {
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} |
VARIOUS TEXTS: The DisUnited States of America
Unemployment rate:
Can you think of any reasons why the unemployment rate has increased since Obama took office?
Social class and income:
The figures in the graphs display a shift in class affiliation. Which are the biggest changes? Can you think of any reasons why the median household income has declined?
Crime and punishment:
Look for similar figures gathered in Europe and compare them with these shown here.
Poverty and health:
The poverty and health diagrams show similar developments. Try and find corresponding figures of any first world country and compare them with the situation in the US.
Religion and belief:
There are no big changes concerning religious affiliation between the adtes mentioned. But there is still a high number of Americans who are creationists or believe that God 'guided' the creation of human beings (c.75%). Do you think that these numbers are as high in Europe? Find reasons and explanations.
Morality:
Referring to morality, comment on the views of Americans and compare them with your own views on this topic.
Miscellaneous polls:
Pick three views from the list which surprise you because your viewpoints are very different. Substantiate your views.
Source: TimesOnline, Nov. 7, 2012 (You need a subscription)
More: President Exit Polls from the New York Times
More: President Map from the New York Times
What Americans think of their country and themselves (poll conducted on the eve of election Nov. 6,2012) | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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Gas is getting so expensive even some pumps don't want to put up with it.
As gas prices flirt with the $4-a-gallon mark, the few station owners with old-style, analog pumps are struggling to deal with a problem almost no one felt they'd ever face - the price of gas is too high for the pumps to handle.
Without retrofits, prices on many analog pumps top out at $3.99 per gallon, meaning if gas does hit the $4 mark this summer, analog pumps won't be able to keep up.
Bolton Street Service owner Bob Brown is one of the few local station owners still using the old pumps, and said he's considering upgrading if prices get much higher.
"It's more than just taking these off and putting new ones in ... (but) I'm getting ready to put new (pumps) in," he said between fill-ups.
As gas prices continue to stretch to record levels, owners of stations with old-style pumps like Brown are facing a tough decision.
Besides limits on how high the pumps can be calibrated, most also top out at $99.99 -- but many larger SUVs can cost well over $100 per fill up.
The problem for station owners like Brown? Upgrading doesn't come cheap.
"By law, when we're doing everything, we have to run all new lines...and there's got to be container bins...in case there's a spill or a leak," Brown said. "It'd be at least two, maybe three, weeks of work."
It's unclear exactly how many filling stations in the state still use the analog pumps, but most stations today use digital pumps, which can be calibrated to virtually any price.
"They can go up to $10 a gallon, or even $100 a gallon," Brown said.
But while the price ceiling may be a problem for station owners like Brown, it's not a new one.
During the oil crisis of the 1970s, the state briefly allowed station owners to go to half-gallon pricing when it was discovered pumps couldn't be set higher than 99 cents per gallon.
"That was just a short-term fix," said Charles Carroll, the deputy director at the state Division of Standards. "Computers at that time, there weren't a lot of them available that could compute over a dollar a gallon."
After three decades in business, even the signs advertising his prices are proving a problem for Brown.
The sign which would normally advertise his price for diesel gasoline is blank today, he said, because he simply doesn't have the right numbers to put on it.
"I don't think it was ever anticipated," Brown said, of the sky-high gas prices. "The price sign for diesel - it went up to $2.99, then when the price went over $3, it was only half a three!"
The same problem cropped up with his other signs, where a spray-painted "3" starts the prices.
"Even the big sign, you see the 3's, those were added on. It came with nothing and a 1 - there was no 2. It never, never entered their mind it would actually go that high...and it obviously has."
The MetroWest Daily News writer Peter Reuell can be reached at 508-626-4428, or at [email protected]. | {
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On The Principles Determining The Payments And Licenč. The Remuneration For Providing Information
Original Language Title: On The Principles Determining The Payments And Licenč.odměn For Providing Information
REGULATION OF THE GOVERNMENT
of 29 April 2004. March 2006
on the principles of establishing payments and licensing fees for the provision of information
According to the Act on free access to information
The Government ordered pursuant to § 21. 2 of Act No. 106/1999 Coll., on free
access to information, in the wording of Act No 61/2006 Coll. (hereinafter referred to as
the "law"):
The subject of the edit
This regulation incorporates the relevant European Community regulation ^ 1)
and regulates the principles, according to which the mandatory operators fixed the amount of remunerations and
the license fees for the provision of information in accordance with the law.
The method of determining the amount of the remuneration
(1) the amount of the remuneration shall be determined as the sum of the incremental amounts derived from
the direct costs of
and the acquisition of copies) (section 4),
(b) measures of technical data media) (section 5),
(c) to send information to the applicant) (section 6) and
(d)) the extraordinary large find information (section 7).
(2) the statutory body of the remuneration on the basis of the unit rates,
If it is possible. In other cases the statutory body of
payment of any other demonstrable way, in particular on the basis of the individual
calculation of the costs.
Schedule of payments costs
(1) a statutory body in tariff payments of costs for the provision of information
(hereinafter referred to as "scale") rates, always provides the basis on which specifies the
the amount of the remuneration.
(2) tariff Rates are established on the basis of actual costs and
the estimate of their development in the appropriate accounting period in accordance with the applicable
accounting principles. Tariff issues a compulsory subject for the accounting period.
However, if during the accounting period to the material change in the conditions for
which costs have been determined, under which rates are established, it shall issue
the statutory body of the new tariff.
(3) a statutory body may establish in the tariff
and) amount up to which amount will not cover the costs incurred by the applicant to the
the basis of one application request
(b)) other cases in which the applicant will, after the payment of the costs incurred by
on the basis of one of the application require.
The acquisition cost of copies
(1) a statutory body in the tariff rates for the acquisition of 1 copy
Depending on the type of copy and the technology used in copying.
(2) in the case of the information contained in the publications and printed materials
issued a mandatory body is the level of remuneration shall be the price for the
the copy, if the information provided in the form of sales of this
the printout.
The cost of the measures of technical data media
The statutory body in tariff rates for 1 piece of each type
technical data carriers, which correspond to the acquisition cost of that
carriers for a mandatory body.
The cost of sending the information to the applicant
(1) a statutory body in the tariff rates of reimbursement of the cost of sending the
information to the applicant, which shall include
and) handling,
(b)) the cost of postal services.
(2) the cost of packing, lays down the statutory body of the flat rate.
(3) the cost of postal services make up the price of a mandatory body
postal operators.
section 7 of the
The cost of an extremely extensive search for information
The statutory body in the tariff hourly rate derived from the cost
the salaries or wages, and other personnel costs associated with the
an extremely extensive search for information.
The license fee for permission to use information
(1) if the license agreement concluded under section 14a paragraph. 1 of the law
negotiated the license fee for permission to use the information, and if its
the above intended a special legal regulation, the above license rewards
as well as the level of remuneration provided for by this regulation, which would otherwise
was required, if information was not the subject of copyright protection
(2) if the contract under section 14a of the podlicenční paragraph. 1 the Act agreed
the license fee for permission to use the information, and if its amount is determined
special legal regulation or a license agreement between the mandatory
the body and the principal entity permission to enjoy the subject matter of the rights of
the copyright has granted the license, the amount of remuneration as well as the amount of the remuneration
provided for under this regulation, which would otherwise have been required if the
should the information not subject to copyright protection.
The effectiveness of the
This Regulation shall enter into force on the date of its publication.
The President of the Government:
Ing. Paroubek in r.
The Minister of Informatics:
Ing. Bérová in r.
1) directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2003/98/EC of 17 May 1999.
November 2003 on the re-use of public sector information. | {
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} |
Strevens took his chance, says Brentford boss
BRENTFORD boss Andy Scott hailed hotshot Ben Strevens after he came off the bench to bag the winner against Tranmere last night.
Jacob Murtagh
Ben Strevens Image 2
The Bees striker, a first-half substitute for the crocked Carl Cort , struck the decisive blow late on to extend Scott's side's unbeaten run and move them into the top 10.
And the Griffin Park chief was quick to praise the former Dagenham frontman.
He said: "Strevs has been frustrated by his lack of chances recently. Like everyone who's been out of the side and come into it, he's performed very well when called upon.
"He showed good energy, done a lot of work up front and got his rewards. It was a great ball in by Charlie [MacDonald] and Strevs was in the right place at the right time to stick it in."
Follow us on Facebook and Twitter for the latest Brentford news. | {
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Blueprint • November 21, 2020 • https://jonesblueprint.com/2020/11/21/alice-in-a-virtual-wonderland/
Alice in a virtual wonderland
Drama students produce play remotely
Fiona Kogan '22
Akira Sinnott '22, Lifestyles Staff
Since COVID-19 is still keeping most at home, the students in the Jones Drama program had no fall play and were left to their own devices.
Diana "Midge" Makowski '21, Anneliese Haberkamp '21, and Mila Mussatt '22 decided to do their own, independent play, Alice in Wonderland.
"We knew if we didn't do it, it wouldn't happen," said the show's producer, Makowski. "We just decided that we would do it so people could have that outlet."
Makowski says the filming process will most likely be through Zoom, and the final production will premiere on YouTube in early Nov., before Thanksgiving.
"COVID really hit the theater community quite hard and out of nowhere," said Mussatt, the stage manager. "We had just lost Carrie, which was a very difficult thing to deal with."
The three students said they didn't want to lose another play, especially since last year's musical, Carrie was canceled one week before opening night due to COVID.
"We didn't want to lose another show," stated the tech manager, Haberkamp. "[But] it's obviously very different in the virtual space".
Actors and actresses such as Jenna Thomas '22, who will play The Frog Footman, said she knew the fall play's cancellation "was probably going to happen" but had faith that Jones' theater kids would figure something out.
"I was kind of sad because I like being involved in the productions," said Julie My Thai '22, who will play Dormouse.
Although Hamberkamp said the production has a budget of "zero dollars" and "no stage", the trio said they are using all the resources they have to make the production happen.
"It's changing the way that Tech is done a lot," said Haberkamp. "Which is pretty much everything but the actors".
Haberkamp said there will be no "building a set" or people making costumes, it's all virtual so tech is a more "central part to the show" this year.
"[I think] it will be harder to get underclassmen into the theater program in the coming years," said Thomas."However I am so grateful that Mila, Midge, and Anneliese are making a virtual Alice in Wonderland outside of Jones".
The production of this virtual play has enabled freshmen to be able to connect with and join the theater community that exists at Jones.
"It seemed like a good way to meet new people," said Alice Kadsan '24, who plays Alice.
Kadsan said she wanted to get involved in the show because she "loves theater" and has some background in it from her previous school.
"I didn't really know what the fall play was or that it wasn't happening," she said. "But, I'm delighted that students found a way to put on a show!"
The three ladies in charge said they are "so excited" to have actors help bring the show to life.
"It's been really great to see everyone come together again," said Mussatt.
Alice in Wonderland is the second student-led play, after last year's production of Peter and the Starcatcher. With the usual director and Jones drama teacher, Brad Lyons not being in charge of the show, the students said they have been able to pick up positions that did not previously exist for students.
"Director and producer are typically Lyons' job," said Haberkamp. "And, you know, it's giving us an opportunity to do that, that's something that we wouldn't normally have a chance to do."
The students that are a part of this production and participating in it have been able to shape the show how they want it to be.
"It's a time that we have to push things that we have found to be important," said Mussatt. "And be able to use what we've learned from Jones to build something that we want." | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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BBC chief savages TV licence bullies as victims come forward to claim they were duped on their doorsteps and spied on through their curtains
Lord Tony Hall has sought 'urgent reassurance' from Capita over the inspections
The outsourcing firm has been accused of using ruthless tactics to find evaders
Agents are told they can get a £15,000 bonus to catch 28 people every week
One of those targeted by Capita is a war veteran who is suffering from dementia
By Paul Bentley for the Daily Mail
Vulnerable families risk being picked on by TV licence inspectors, the head of the BBC warned last night.
Tony Hall is demanding 'urgent reassurance' after the ruthless tactics of the officials were exposed by the Daily Mail. He said Capita – the outsourcing firm paid £59million a year to collect licence fees – had 'fallen short of the standards the BBC has a right to expect on behalf of the British public'.
The director-general made his remarks in a stinging letter to Capita's £2.7million-a-year boss Andy Parker. Our undercover investigation revealed yesterday that the firm's agents are each told to catch at least 28 evaders a week – with the lure of £15,000 a year in bonuses.
BBC Director General Tony Hall, pictured, said he needs 'urgent reassurance' over the methods employed by outsourcing firm Capita to encourage their inspectors to find licence fee evaders
Lord Hall has written to Capita's £2.7million-a-year boss Andy Parker, pictured
Staff are told to gather evidence of evasion to drum up court cases.
Vulnerable people targeted in the past week include a war veteran with dementia. An undercover reporter who was interviewed for a job collecting licence fees was told: 'We will drive you as hard as we can to get as much as we can out of you because we're greedy.'
The BBC has ordered an urgent investigation into the findings and in further developments yesterday:
Yesterday's Daily Mail exposed the scandal
Dozens of victims contacted the Mail to tell of their ordeals at the hands of licence fee agents;
They included a student nurse, a parish councillor and a pensioner living in sheltered accommodation;
Theresa May told ministers to quiz the BBC about the Mail's probe;
MPs and campaigners accused TV Licensing of being 'out of control' and behaving like a 'doorstep loan shark'.
In his letter to Mr Parker, Lord Hall asked for urgent confirmation from Capita that 'vulnerable people are not targeted by Enquiry Officers'.
The Mail Investigations Unit yesterday revealed that Capita is overseeing an aggressive incentive scheme for licence fee agents.
An undercover reporter was told by TV Licensing boss Ian Doyle that officers must hit a target called the 'magic 28' – referring to the number of evaders they must snare every week. The officials can then claim another £20-£25 for each person they catch over 28. The reporter was encouraged to spy on homes to work out when people come back from work, before trying to take money on the doorstep.
Mr Doyle said: 'Cash, debit, credit card, we'll take anything. I tell people I'll take shirt buttons.'
Culture Secretary Karen Bradley, pictured, has scheduled an urgent meeting with the BBC
Lord Hall wrote a stinging letter to Capita seeking answers following the Mail's investigation
While all households must have a licence if residents watch or record live TV programmes on any channel or BBC iPlayer, the Mail found vulnerable people have been taken to court unfairly. These included a woman at a refuge fleeing domestic abuse.
Following the Mail's investigation, Culture Secretary Karen Bradley arranged an urgent meeting with Lord Hall. The Prime Minister's spokesman said: 'The licence fee needs to be collected in a fair and reasonable manner. The BBC has quite rightly ordered an urgent investigation into these concerning reports, and ministers will be raising this with the BBC directly.'
Charles Walker, Conservative MP for Broxbourne, told the Mail some of his vulnerable constituents had been targeted and left feeling 'rattled, upset and bullied'.
He added: 'If you give Capita any room at all they will get most things wrong. The time has come for the secretary of state to intervene and put an end to these bully boy tactics.'
Andrew Bridgen, Tory MP for North West Leicestershire, said he was contacted by a constituent who was wrongly prosecuted by TV Licensing while he was chronically ill.
He added: 'The BBC employs complete double standards by producing programmes like Watchdog and then enforcing their licence fee collection with methods more suited to a doorstep loan shark.'
Capita says that it does not target vulnerable people. It says its incentive scheme applies only to sales of licence fees – not the number of people officers interview so they can be taken to court.
A spokesman added: 'The comments of the individuals in this interview do not reflect the standards we expect and paint a wholly misleading picture of the culture, skills and attitude of TV Licensing's operation.
'We are investigating what took place in the interview and have taken appropriate action.'
A BBC spokesman said last night: 'It's our policy to only prosecute evaders as a last resort.'
Duped on their doorsteps: How Capita inspectors exploit vulnerable people to earn their £15,000-a-year bonuses
By SARA SMYTH, GLEN KEOGH AND LUCY OSBORNE FOR THE DAILY MAIL INVESTIGATIONS UNIT
Furious homeowners contacted the Mail yesterday to tell of their ordeals at the hands of licence fee bullies.
They told of being 'duped' at their front doors by agents talking to them informally – before they were hauled to court.
NURSE DUPED BY 'FRIENDLY' CHAT
Martha Cottrell, pictured, was duped into signing a 'confession' on the first day she moved into student accommodation
Martha Cottrell, 20, barely had time to unpack her bags at her new student house when a TV Licensing officer 'duped' her into confessing to watching TV there.
The nursing student explained that it was the first day of her tenancy when the officer knocked on her door. She thought they were having a friendly and casual chat.
When he asked when she had last watched BBC TV, she said yesterday. Miss Cottrell was referring to watching at her family home in Cheshire with her parents, Eddy, 48, a chartered surveyor, and Helen, 48, a university lecturer.
But the officer noted on an official statement that she had confessed to watching TV in the student house in Liverpool. Thinking she was taking a survey, Miss Cottrell then gave her signature, not realising that she had given a confession to illegally watching TV.
Yesterday, she told the Mail: 'I was just being polite and telling the truth. He made me feel like I was doing the right thing by answering his questions. I had no idea that anything I said could result in a fine or a criminal record. I now feel he was really sneaky being so friendly but giving me no information.'
Three months after the visit, Miss Cottrell was sent a court summons. 'I was petrified at the thought of going to court. I broke down in tears,' she said.
To fight the case, Miss Cottrell would have had to take a day off her training programme on a hospital ward and bring her parents as witnesses to court.
Hoping that her circumstances would be taken into account, Miss Cottrell instead pleaded guilty with mitigating factors and paid the £120 fine.
Her father believed it would be wrong for her to go to court and be taken away from her work.
Miss Cottrell has only ever watched recorded TV at her student home on a battery-powered iPad. Students who use devices not plugged into the mains while away at university, are covered by their parents' TV licences.
A TV Licensing spokesman said: 'We are investigating.'
PARISH COUNCILLOR HARASSED ON HER OWN DOORSTEP
A parish councillor was subjected to a 'humiliating' interrogation on her doorstep by a Capita agent despite having paid her TV licence for 40 years.
Andrea Allgood, 68, was questioned for 15 minutes by a 'prying' enforcement officer, who demanded she disclose personal details including her national insurance number. But when she tried to show her valid paper TV licence he refused to look at it.
The retired pharmaceutical manager said: 'I did feel embarrassed. He just wanted to stand on my doorstep and wouldn't budge. I try as best I can to be a pillar of the local community so it was galling to have an interrogation done by my front door.
Andrea Allgood, 68, right, pictured with her husband Fred, said she was humiliated by the inspector despite having paid for her TV licence for the past 40 years
'We're from a close-knit, small community and it would be easy for others to misconstrue what was going on. I didn't particularly want him in my house but it was an embarrassing experience for all to see. And most frustratingly, he wouldn't look at the TV licence I had in the house.' Mrs Allgood was visited at home by the officer after she received a Capita letter threatening a £1,000 fine and criminal conviction for living in an unlicensed property.
When she phoned up TV Licensing, she was told they could not discuss her case because her TV licence number had been allocated to another address.
She and her husband Fred, 70, spent hours on the phone in an attempt to pass a basic security check and prove that their TV licence was paid in full.
'I knew everything would work out in the end because I was in the right,' Mrs Allgood said. 'But the thought of having to go to court was really upsetting.'
After the pair complained to TV Licensing, officials admitted they had made an administrative error. Mr and Mrs Allgood were sent £30 compensation, which they donated to charity.
A TV Licensing spokesman said: 'We are very sorry the Allgoods received a visit from an enquiry officer when they were licensed. We apologised to the Allgoods last November and offered a goodwill gesture.'
PENSIONER SCARED INTO PAYING
June Appleby, 77, was frightened into paying for a TV licence when she did not require one.
The retired Peugeot worker lives with her husband Barrie in sheltered accommodation, which is covered by a communal TV licence. But four years into their stay, the couple received a 'worrying' letter through the post which said they must pay for a personal licence or face possible prosecution and a fine of up to £1,000.
Mrs Appleby, then 74, paid for the eight months prior to her 75th birthday, after which she was entitled to free licence.
However, a warden later spoke to residents and told them to ignore the letters.
Residents were covered by the licence of the centre in Poole, Dorset. TV Licensing had made a mistake, she said.
Mrs Appleby said: 'When you are 74 and you receive a threatening letter saying you haven't got a TV licence and need to buy one immediately it makes you distressed. I told my husband I would rather pay the £145 than be fined £1,000. The letter frightened us to death.'
Mrs Appleby and her husband, a retired postman, took six months ringing TV Licensing – accruing a 'phenomenal' phone bill – to retrieve the money.
A spokesman for TV Licensing said: 'We're glad the issue has been resolved and are sorry if Mrs Appleby suffered any distress. We're looking into what happened.'
EX-PAT PROSECUTED DESPITE LIVING IN SOUTH AFRICA
A care worker was convicted of not paying a TV licence at a property he did not own and while he was living in South Africa. John Wheater, 44, has accused TV Licensing of rushing to prosecutions without making proper checks after his name and date of birth were fraudulently given to a Capita inspector.
Mr Wheater, who has Asperger's, lived and worked in South Africa between March 2009 and 2013. But he was 'convicted in his absence' by magistrates of not paying for a TV licence in 2010 for a period that came five months after he had left the UK.
The stamps in his passport proved he was abroad. Mr Wheater, now of Portslade, East Sussex, found out about the court hearing only when he received a letter that threatened a prison term if a £200 fine was not paid immediately. He was stunned to discover he had a criminal record.
John Wheater, pictured, was convicted of not having a television licence despite the fact he was living in South Africa between 2009 and 2013
Mr Wheater and his partner Mary Lockyer have since been locked in a cycle of correspondence with Capita prosecutors and magistrates' courts in attempts to have the conviction quashed. Despite making a declaration that he was abroad, Mr Wheater is yet to have the conviction and fine set aside.
He said: 'I can't believe how I am being treated. I want my name cleared and I want to be compensated for all the stress this has given me.'
Mortgage adviser Miss Lockyer added: 'Capita and the BBC seem to think they can operate outside the law. Not verifying any identification and going on to prosecute beggars belief.'
A TV Licensing spokesman said: 'We have apologised to Mr Wheater for the issues he faced. We act in good faith on the information provided to us.'
MOTHER CONVICTED OF EVASION AFTER SHE HAD PASSED AWAY
The grieving family of Yvonne Daly discovered she had been prosecuted for not paying her TV licence three months after she died. The mother of five collapsed in the street and suffered a heart attack in April last year, aged just 43.
Her family were shocked to open a local newspaper and see Miss Daly's name alongside the day's court outcomes. In July last year, she had been 'convicted in her absence' of using a TV without a licence and fined £220 with £120 costs. Miss Daly's mother Eileen Cash, from Accrington, Lancashire, said she was 'disgusted' with TV Licensing. Mrs Cash, 63, added: 'She hadn't long been buried before we found out she had been convicted.
'It was awful to find out about it in the newspaper. It was completely disrespectful. We had to ring the newspaper and the court, saying that she hadn't paid or attended court because she had passed away.'
Yvonne Daly, pictured with her son Bailey was convicted of evasion after her death
The family sent Miss Daly's death certificate to Blackburn Magistrates' Court to ensure the conviction was quashed. She had been struggling with ill health and had told no one of her money problems.
A spokesman for Blackburn Magistrates' Court said: 'As soon as the circumstances were brought to the attention of the court, the conviction was set aside and the fine was withdrawn.' A spokesman for TV Licensing said: 'When prosecution was initiated prior to Miss Daly's unforeseen and tragic death, the matter passed into the hands of the court. We requested for the case and fine to be withdrawn.'
GRANNY SPIED ON THROUGH HER LIVING ROOM CURTAINS
Helen Moore, 53, from Grimsby, said a TV inspector spied on her through her living room curtains before seeking a licence
Grandmother of ten Helen Moore has been given a criminal record after falling behind on TV licence payments when her husband lost his job.
The 53-year-old was visited by a TV Licensing officer a year and a half ago at her home in Grimsby, Lincolnshire. He caught her watching TV through her living room curtains and demanded that she pay the licence fee at her front door.
Mrs Moore, who works in a butcher shop, gave the official a few pounds that she had in her wallet and apologised.
Her husband Gary, 55, had lost his job as a lorry driver after a fall left him too unwell to work.
They prioritised covering their mortgage and utility bills over paying the BBC licence fee.
After at first appearing sympathetic, the official from TV Licensing cautioned her and said she faced prosecution for licence fee evasion. 'It was intimidating,' Mrs Moore told the Mail. 'I wasn't expecting a visit and I was there on my own.
'My living room curtains were open. He had been on the front, looking through the window.
'He asked for my bank details but I said I don't give them out on the doorstep. I said: "I've not got the money." He asked for cash so I paid him all I had in my purse at the time.'
The Capita officer signed Mrs Moore up for £5.60 a week payments to cover the licence fee and the money she owes.
Even though she agreed to pay, she was prosecuted.
In January last year, Mrs Moore was fined £200 at Grimsby and Cleethorpes Magistrates' Court with £140 costs.
'It was really scary,' she told the Mail. 'I've never been in trouble before but now I have a criminal record. I was made to feel like a scrounger.'
A spokesman for TV Licensing said: 'Where first time offenders agree to buy a licence via an instalment scheme and maintain payments, they will not be prosecuted.
'We would only prosecute if payments were not kept up.'
BBC chief savages TV licence bullies | {
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Simon Harris
Brandon Andrew Clarke
Tramore
Study shows Irish children's development is damaged by smartphones
BY Keith Falkiner
Owning a mobile phone by the age of nine damages children's academic ability, a study has found.
Kids who owned a smart device before their 10th birthday performed less well in reading and maths tests by the time they were 13.
The ESRI research was funded by the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment and the Commission on Communications Regulation.
It took data from 8,500 children in the Growing Up in Ireland study to examine the academic performance of children who owned a mobile phone at an earlier age.
It finds that children who owned a mobile phone at age nine scored four per cent less on average in standardised reading and maths tests at age 13.
The research finds that 40 per cent of children owned a mobile phone by the age of nine.
Those attending more socially disadvantaged schools are more likely to have devices while children with parents who have higher incomes and higher levels of education are less likely to own their own mobile phones at age nine.
As schools have recently been consulting with their staff, students and parents on personal devices in school, these results may help in making decisions on whether and when to restrict access to them, particularly during the primary school years.
Selina McCoy, associate research professor at the ESRI, said: "This is the first time the ESRI has looked at the impact of mobile phone ownership on children's academic development.
"It is important to keep monitoring this going forward in order to provide evidence for the growing debate about the potential effects of screen time and mobile phone use of young people in Ireland."
Keith Falkiner
See more articles by Keith Falkiner
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By Jove! I think we've got 'It' (1927) on Friday, June 10 at Epsilon Spires in Brattleboro, Vt.
A poster promoting Clara Bow in 'It' (1927).
It's one of the shortest titles ever! (Except perhaps for Fritz Lang's 'M.')
Up next, it's Clara Bow in 'It' (1927) on Friday, June 10 at Epsilon Spires in Brattleboro, Vt., accompanied by me on the venue's Estey pipe organ.
Showtime is 8 p.m. and hope to see you there! Plenty more info is in the press release below.
First, a few thoughts on my annual pilgrimage to Antrim (N.H.) Town Hall, where each June I do an end-of-the-school-year silent film program for kids at Great Brook School, which enrolls Grades 5-8.
This year it was yesterday, and here's what it looks like:
It's all organized by teacher Maryanne Cullinan (seen above), who uses the occasion to call each graduating 8th grader up and offer personal recollections and remembrances in front of their peers.
Wow! This is very different from my own experience attending Spring Street Jr. High in Nashua, N.H. At the end of the school year, the closest thing we got to this was when the bullies in "smoker's row" would pull my friends and me aside for one final beating before classes let out for the summer.
We've been doing this for more than 10 years now, and over time the kids have made it clear that their preferred silent film star is Buster Keaton.
So yesterday's program included the classic Keaton short comedy 'One Week' (a perennial favorite) followed by the full-length 'Go West' (1925), which we'd never showed before.
Prior to the film, I tried to pique their curiosity by saying it included one of the strangest love stories of the silent era. (That being the relationship between Buster and Brown Eyes the cow.)
I could tell they were growing a little restless during the feature. But interest perked up starting with the gunfight over the cattle-carrying train, and then the stampede through the streets of Los Angeles.
The film's ending produced an avalanche of adolescent applause, with one kid yelling out "That was the best movie I ever saw, even though I slept through the first two-thirds of it!" which earned him a scolding for being rude.
But I really enjoy this annual cannonball into the middle school swimming pool. Thanks to Ms. Cullinan and everyone at Great Brook School for inviting me once again and keeping this fine tradition going.
Later that day, I headed up to Plymouth, N.H. to do music for Douglas Fairbanks Sr. in 'The Black Pirate" (1926) at the Flying Monkey Moviehouse and Performance Center.
(The picture at left was taken just as I looked the receipt for a tank of gas.)
About 40 people turned out for this granddaddy of all pirate films, which we programmed as part of our series of 1926 films that just recently entered the public domain.
A good time was has by all, except those in the movie terrorized by pirates. And for once, no one brought up the fact that sundials (featured prominently in the movie) don't work on a boat at sea.
And now, let's get on with 'It!' Please join me on Friday, June 10 at 8 p.m. for this iconic Jazz Age comedy. The press release is below!
Clara Bow and would-be beau Antonio Moreno in 'It' (1927).
TUESDAY, MAY 31, 2022 / FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Come and get 'It' with Clara Bow at Epsilon Spires on Friday, June 10
Performance venue to screen Jazz Age silent romantic comedy with live organ accompaniment
BRATTLEBORO, Vt.—A film that helped define an era returns to the big screen in June at Epsilon Spires.
'It' (1927), a romantic comedy that came to epitomize the Jazz Age of the 1920s, will be screened with live music on Friday, June 10 at 8 p.m. at Epsilon Spires, 190 Main St., Brattleboro, Vt.
Admission is $15 per person. Tickets may be purchased in advance at www.epsilonspires.org or at the door.
The screening will feature live accompaniment on the venue's Estey pipe organ by Jeff Rapsis, a New Hampshire-based silent film musician.
'It' tells the story of a shop girl who sets her sights on the handsome and wealthy boss of the department store where she works. The two are from completely different parts of society, but will attraction be strong enough to bridge the gap in their backgrounds?
The film made actress Clara Bow a major star, earning her the nickname of the 'It' girl. Released at the height of the Jazz Age, the movie was a hit with audiences all over the U.S., breaking box office records.
'It' is based on a novella written by Elinor Glyn and originally serialized in Cosmopolitan magazine. Glyn, whose writings popularized the concept of 'It' as a quality of attractiveness, has a cameo role as herself in the film.
'It' is also an early example of product placement, as Cosmopolitan magazine is featured prominently in a scene where a character reads Glyn's story and introduces it to the audience.
The picture was considered lost for many years, but a copy was found in Prague in the 1960s. In 2001, 'It' was selected for preservation in the U.S. National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
To accompany 'It,' Rapsis will improvise a score created live in real time as the movie is screened, in the tradition of theatre organists during the silent era.
Rather than focus on authentic music of the period, Rapsis creates new music for silent films that draws from movie scoring techniques that today's audiences expect from the cinema.
The non-profit Epsilon Spires, housed in Brattleboro's former Baptist church, builds connections between art and science by offering provocative performances and events, interactive art installations, and opportunities to engage in civil discourse by addressing current topics through the integration of diverse forms of expression.
'It' (1927) will be screened with live music on Friday, June 10 at 8 p.m. at Epsilon Spires, 190 Main St., Brattleboro, Vt. Admission is $15 per person. Tickets may be purchased in advance at www.epsilonspires.org or at the door.
Posted by Jeff Rapsis at 10:23 AM
Labels: Brattleboro, Buster Keaton, Clara Bow, Epsilon Spires, Go West, Great Brook Middle School, It, The Black Pirate
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Set sail with Douglas Fairbanks Sr. in 'The Black ... | {
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} |
Wind Energy Is Going Real Time In the Midwest
June 09, 2011 | By Keith Martin in Washington, DC
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approved a proposal by the Midwest Independent Transmission System Operator or "MISO" in March that will require most wind farms that are MISO members to make themselves available for automatic dispatch by MISO in the "real-time" market.
This could mean an additional source of revenue for wind farms that sell into the real-time market. It could also mean penalties for such projects that are unable to dispatch as directed.
Whether or not a wind farm that has a long-term power purchase agreement with a utility in MISO will be subject to the economic benefits or penalties of participating in the real-time market will depend on the terms of the individual PPA. The same is true for wind farms that sell output through agents, known as market participants, in MISO: the terms of the agreement with the market participant will dictate the allocation of risk.
Most wind farms have until February 2013 to install equipment required to respond to automatic dispatch signals. The requirement to participate in the real-time market commences on March 1, 2013.
The new rules do not apply to some older wind farms originally completed before April 2005 or to wind farms with certain network designation and firm transmission rights.
MISO is the independent operator of the electricity grid in parts of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota and Wisconsin.
The wind farms that are required to make themselves available for automatic dispatch in the real-time market are called "dispatchable intermittent resources" or "DIRs."
DIR is a new category of intermittent resources (essentially renewable) that is to be treated in a manner substantially similar to other conventional generation resources in certain real-time energy markets.
The FERC order may serve as a model for other regional transmission organizations that are trying to incorporate more wind resources into their generation mix using market mechanisms that are comparable to those for conventional generation.
Several parties have asked for a rehearing. However, FERC is unlikely to modify its decision in any material way.
A Tale of Two Markets
MISO has two trading markets: the day-ahead market and the real-time market. The day-ahead market permits generators to bid to provide energy to customers over the following day — hence "day ahead." In the real-time market, on the other hand, generators make energy available for sale during the same day that the energy is delivered — in other words, in "real time."
In MISO, intermittent resources (solar, wind, run of river hydro, biomass) are treated similarly to conventional generation resources in the day-ahead market. In the day-ahead market, the generator can choose to self schedule (essentially, to offer all energy available to be produced and be a price taker to assure delivery) or to offer to sell at a particular price.
However, under existing MISO rules, real-time generation must be dispatchable by the system operator. Intermittent resources are not considered dispatchable in real time due to the fact that they are forecast-dependent resources. In other words, the system operator assumes that it cannot ask an intermittent resource to increase or decrease its output automatically, and therefore all intermittent resources are excluded currently from the real-time markets.
MISO claimed that its inability to dispatch intermittent resources in the real-time energy market means that it cannot redispatch these resources properly to manage congestion on the system that may occur during different hours of the day — for example, during periods when transmission is in short supply or when electricity demand is low.
MISO asked FERC to let it dispatch intermittent resources in the real-time market. It argued that this would reduce congestion costs, make the system more efficient, and save millions of dollars a year.
How DIRs Will Operate
Conventional generators in the real-time market are required to give forecasts of available generation every hour and half hour in advance of the "operating hour" in which the energy is to be produced.
The DIR will also be required to give forecasts, but its forecasts will be different.
It will be required to give 12 forecasts in five-minute intervals prior to the operating hour. The DIR will have the ability to modify its forecast up to 10 minutes prior to each interval and, thus, will have the right to adjust its maximum available output forecast, called the "forecast maximum limit."
The MISO is developing its own five-minute interval forecast model for wind resources that would be used as a default forecast in the event that the DIR fails to update its forecast as it is permitted to do. The DIR can only be dispatched at or below the forecast maximum limit. The DIR will be able to make an economic offer — or an offer to sell at a particular price — in real time and be dispatched up to its forecast maximum limit based on its most recent five-minute forecast (or MISO's default forecast) and will be subject to its approved ramp rates, or the speed with which it can reach full output.
Real-Time Benefits and Risks
By being required to participate in the real-time market, DIRs can either self schedule or submit "economic offers" to sell energy at particular prices, and they will be paid for all energy that clears the market.
They are also eligible for make-whole payments from the system that will cover costs if the energy dispatched after the day-ahead market closes does not compensate the generator fully for its costs.
Along with the potential benefits of participating in the real-time market, DIRs also will be subject to potential penalties for non-performance or poor performance. It is this aspect of the proposal that has elicited the most comment from intervenors at FERC.
The DIR must produce energy as dispatched by the system operator within an 8% tolerance band. In other words, the DIR must not deliver more than 108% or less than 92% of the requested dispatch amount over each dispatch interval. If the DIR deviates by more than 8% for four or more consecutive dispatch intervals, and the deviation is by more than 6 megawatts, then the DIR will be subject to system penalty charges.
The American Wind Energy Association, which generally supported the MISO proposal for DIRs, asked FERC to adopt a somewhat different and somewhat more lenient standard for permissible deviations from dispatch. AWEA asked FERC to adopt the standard utilized in the so-called nodal protocols by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas or "ERCOT." FERC determined that the MISO proposal on penalties for deviations was supported by data and reasonable, and thus approved it without modification.
On the other end of the spectrum, a group of financial players in the MISO market, representing interests that make virtual sales but do not own power plants in MISO, has asked for a rehearing of the FERC order, claiming that the proposal would allow wind projects to "escape" a number of potential performance penalty payments — known as "revenue sufficiency guarantee charges" — to which conventional generators and non-generators (virtual suppliers) are subject. In particular, they object to the basic structure of the proposal that would allow wind resources to update their forecasts on short intervals in real time. FERC is unlikely to change its mind on this point on rehearing.
It should be noted that DIRs will only participate in the real-time energy market. DIRs will not be permitted to compete to provide operating reserves in the real-time market. However, such eligibility may become possible in the future as a result of greater experience and data analysis for wind resources.
Who Must Become a DIR
Not all wind farms will be required to become DIRs. Wind farms that are "qualifying facilities" or "QFs" under Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act that are currently not registered members of MISO will not be required to register, although such QFs would be permitted to do so, and other intermittent resources, including solar, hydroelectric and biomass resources, will not have to become DIRs.
Starting March 1, 2013, all other wind farms must become DIRs unless they lack the technical equipment to be capable of set-point instructions and fall into one of two categories. A project without the technical equipment does not have to become a DIR if it was originally placed in service before April 2005. It does not have to become a DIR if it has network resource interconnection service or has been designated as a generator network resource or the energy the wind farm produces is subject to an agreement for long-term firm point-to-point transmission service.
The argument for exclusion of older (pre- 2005) wind farms from the DIR requirement is that they would not have installed, and it would be too expensive to require those older resources to add, technology capable of following automated dispatch instructions. They can elect, but are not required, to become DIRs.
The argument for exempting generators with firm interconnection, firm transmission or network resource designations is that the projects have already been determined to be able to reach any load, and they do not need to be capable of following automated dispatch instructions. Again, such wind farms can elect, but are not required, to become DIRs.
The intermittent resources that are not DIRs would be required to participate in the day-ahead market only.
The delayed start date of March 1, 2013 is supposed to give wind farms built after April 1, 2005 time to install the necessary equipment to permit automatic dispatch by MISO.
Once In, Always In
FERC determined that a wind farm that becomes a DIR cannot elect to drop out from that designation at a later date. Thus, after March 1, 2013, even if a wind farm DIR signs a contract for firm point-to-point transmission service or network resource interconnection service, thus satisfying one of the allowed exceptions to DIR designation, it cannot avoid being required to continue to participate in the real-time market.
AWEA asked for a rehearing on this point, arguing that failing to allow this switch is unduly discriminatory in favor of wind farms that are currently eligible for exemption from DIR designation, since wind farms currently eligible for exemption from DIR designation could switch to DIR status if they felt it was more economically advantageous to do so. It is unlikely that FERC will be persuaded by this argument, because currently exempted wind farms would also be required to remain DIRs once they elect to switch to DIR designation. | {
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Senators Cardin and Inhofe are working to revise House Resolution 128
Washington update – September 4, 2019
The human rights situation in Ethiopia continues to deteriorate. Killings, church burnings and involuntary displacements of entire communities are occurring and the government is doing little or nothing to assert the rule of law. Individuals who are guilty of nothing beyond attempting to exercise their political rights have been arrested and are being detained. The international community, including the U.S. Congress and State Department, are aware of the situation and have done nothing beyond making vague statements. The Ethiopian government is conscious of its reputation and it may respond to criticism and calls for action by the U.S. government, European governments or international bodies.
Senators Cardin and Inhofe are working to revise House Resolution 128, which was passed by the House in 2018, Supporting Respect for Human Rights and Encouraging Inclusive Governance in Ethiopia.
Concerned Ethiopians in the Diaspora sent a letter to Prime Minister Abiy on August 26. The letter begins: "As private and concerned persons of Ethiopian origin in the Diaspora, we continue to be deeply disturbed by the deepening of human rights violations, the selective and deliberate incarcerations and harassments of journalists, ex-military officers, human rights advocates, young and promising political and civic leaders, business women and men; as well as by the systematic burnings of places of worship, especially those of the Christian faith." It notes: "Human rights abuses have increased sharply following the June 22, 2019 assassinations in Bahir Dar and Addis Ababa and the alleged coup d'etat that followed. The dreaded and draconian Anti-Terrorism Proclamation that was imposed by the TPLF-dominated regime has been reinstated full force by the Oromo Democratic Part dominated government that you lead." The letter demands the release of "more than 400 police, retired military officers, youth, civic and political leaders and journalists" who are unjustly imprisoned in Ethiopia. The letter urges Abiy to follow through on his commitments to bring democracy to Ethiopia and calls for him to implement policies of peace and reconciliation – and to abandon policies of ethnic federalism and division.
The letter provoked positive responses from a group of 54 individuals claming to represent individuals/ethnic based. Unfortunately, it also was criticized and mischaracterized by individuals who seek to perpetuate repression, violence and disrespect for human. The authors have been wrongly branded "Amharic chauvinists." Critics should ask themselves, in John F Kennedy's words, what they can do for their country, not what their country can do for them. They should reflect on the contributions of heroes like Emperor Menelik II, who modernized Ethiopia and was victorious at the battle of Adawa; Emperor Haile Selassie, who earned the world's respect; and General Hailu Kebede, (Wagseum), an unsung hero who resisted the Italian invasion, paid the ultimate price, and whose head was severed and taken to Rome as a trophy for the dictator Mussolini.
The Ethiopian government, and especially Prime Minister Abiy have an opportunity to put Ethiopia on the right path. They must respect human rights and the rule of law, and focus on economic development and prosperity.
Mesfin Mekonen
Ittu Aba Farda September 6, 2019 at 12:57 am
Did The late Emperor Haile Selassie bin Mekonen claim himself an Amhara? If he said so I must have missed it from his autobiography. But as of late I had come to know that his grandfather's name was Guddesa. Guddesa ain't a Puerto Rican!!! Ain't Amharic either!!!! His mother is from the Warraa Illu father, right? Warraa Illu ain't a Navajo clan. I bet you a dime that if we all scratch the surface Menelik himself may have a Gudataa in his far out family tree. Did the author even bother to ask surviving descendants of the late Emperor for permission before calling him an Amhara? If not, that would be utter churlish. I think we should not let our raw emotion get the best of us. As I had said before when I read the volleys of differing opinion by the two groups of intellectuals, they should harness their run away emotion, sit down and have a civil talk. Otherwise, shame on both groups for not doing that. They need to grow up and look beyond their pan handled masters and PHD's. It's more than a shame. It's disgusting!!!!
Abrham September 7, 2019 at 10:45 pm
Oh ! My sister our intellectuals are one of the reasons our beloved people from all over Ethiopia kill each others, our intellectuals have left the jungle but the jungle in them is still there. Their masters and PHD's can't get the jungle out of them, sad to say, history and our children will judge them harshly. Their masters and PHD's worth noting, Ethiopia has suffered enough because of these people.
I pray to his almighty lord,Allah for our poor people.
Ittu Aba Farda September 10, 2019 at 7:03 am
One more reminder and urging I want to make for those us who have lived here in the USA and become its citizens is to run for office at every level and become members of the congress just like others have done already. Just look at what the first thing the current member of congress with an Eritrean heritage did. When the democratic caucus decided to send a fact finding delegation to Africa who is a better candidate than him? Right? And the first pit stop, you may ask? It was Asmara, Piccola Roma or Secondo Roma!!! He did not disappoint either due to the fact they were treated there as if they were not in Africa but rather at small town in Italy. It was the first stop y'all!!! You will never hear Resolution this or that being tossed around by the congress. I really commend him for that. It is a feat very hard to accomplish but he did it!!! Even though members of the congress have had earful of stories of people in containers for years. He is and will be right there to debunk every such 'false and unsubstantiated' allegation!!! 'If we do this or that such terrible will happen' scare tactics, you know!!!
So all of you masters and PHD's among us wake up and run for offices but working for the good of the people that elect you
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Israel UN settlements vote: Netanyahu summons 13 ambassadors and cuts civilian coordination with Palestinians
Ethiopian MK Defects From Blue & White To Likud | {
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Site Name: Twin Falls Pm25
Location: Twin Falls (Addison Ave W), ID
Reporting: True, Located: True
Current AQI: 21.0
Twin Falls (Addison Ave W) ID, US: 42.565089, -114.494717
Jan. 20, 2020, 8 a.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 5.0 μg/m3 (21) 21.0
Jan. 20, 2020, midnight N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 8.0 μg/m3 (33) 33.0
Jan. 19, 2020, 11 p.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 5.0 μg/m3 (21) 21.0
Jan. 19, 2020, 9 p.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 6.0 μg/m3 (25) 25.0
Jan. 19, 2020, noon N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 6.0 μg/m3 (25) 25.0
Jan. 19, 2020, 11 a.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 3.0 μg/m3 (12) 12.0
Jan. 18, 2020, 9 p.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.0 μg/m3 (8) 8.0
Jan. 18, 2020, 4 a.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1.0 μg/m3 (4) 4.0
Jan. 17, 2020, 7 a.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 21.0 μg/m3 (69) 69.0
Jan. 16, 2020, 10 a.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.0 μg/m3 (8) 8.0
Jan. 15, 2020, 11 p.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.0 μg/m3 (8) 8.0
Jan. 15, 2020, noon N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.0 μg/m3 (8) 8.0
Jan. 15, 2020, 5 a.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.0 μg/m3 (0) N/A
Jan. 15, 2020, midnight N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.0 μg/m3 (8) 8.0
Jan. 14, 2020, 1 p.m. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A -1.0 μg/m3 (0) N/A
Jan. 14, 2020, noon N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A -1.0 μg/m3 (0) N/A | {
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First pictures of boy, 11, killed after being hit twice in pedestrian crossing hit and run
Updated: 07:48 EDT, 3 December 2008
An 11-year-old boy who was killed when he was hit by two cars in a hit and run on a pedestrian crossing was identified by police today.
Michael Richard Martin McDonagh from Neasden, north London, suffered multiple injuries in the crash and died in the early hours of Sunday.
The youngster, known as Richie, was on a crossing outside a branch of Ikea in Wembley, north London, around 7.20pm on Saturday when he was hit by a BMW.
Hit and run tragedy: Michael Richard Martin McDonagh died in hospital less than six hours after being hit twice by two different cars
Michael Richard Martin McDonagh died in hospital less than six hours after being hit twice by cars outside Ikea on the North Circular Road in Wembley.
The driver failed to stop, and the boy was hit by second car, but that motorist stopped nearby.
Richie was taken to the Royal Free Hospital with a serious head injury.
A post mortem examination gave cause of death as multiple injuries.
Richie's father Martin and brother Shane appeal for information at a press conference in Wembley, central London
Shane holds up Richie's football shirt (left) and tributes are left at the scene of the accident in Wembley
An inquest will be opened and adjourned today at Hornsey Coroners Court.
Sergeant Chris Osborne, from the Collision Investigation Unit (CIU) said: "The initial vehicle, which failed to stop at the scene is possibly an older model BMW.
"The car collided with the boy on the pedestrian crossing and carried on eastbound towards Brent Cross. Following the first collision the boy was struck by another car.
The driver of the second car stopped nearby."
An inquest will be opened and adjourned tomorrow at Hornsey Coroners Court.
Police asked witnesses to call the CIU on 020 8998 5319 or Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111 to remain anonymous.
The 11-year-old was hit outside Ikea on the North Circular Road | {
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Grieving daughter fat-shamed brother's girlfriend in row over family will
Claire Oldfield, 46, called her brother's girlfriend "fat and podgy" and also fat-shamed her children after demanding money for their father's funeral
Sophie Wheeler
Claire Oldfield leaving Stockport Magistrates Court (Image: Copyright Cavendish Press)
A grieving daughter who fat-shamed her brother's girlfriend, slapped her in the face and vandalised her Mercedes during a feud over a family will has been ordered to pay her £775 in compensation.
Claire Oldfield, 46, got drunk and drove to the home of John Friel before banging on his front door and demanding money she believed she was owed after paying over £10,000 for their father's funeral.
Mr Friel was not at home but his partner Keeley Murphy, a former school assistant, opened the door in her pyjamas to try to calm Oldfield only to be branded "fat and podgy" before being punched in the face.
Oldfield also fat-shamed Miss Murphy's children as they looked out of a bedroom window before she scratched the victim's Mercedes CLA 180 car with a key.
Oldfield, who lives in Gawsworth, Cheshire and who cares full-time for her adult sister who suffers with cerebral palsy, was later arrested but claimed: "I haven't done it - I didn't do it, she attacked me".
Keeley Murphy was fat-shamed and attacked by Claire Oldfield (Image: Keeley Murphy/ Cavendish Press (Manchester) Ltd)
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She admitted calling Miss Murphy "fat" but insisted there was a catfight between the two women adding: "There's a dispute going on over the money which I paid for my dad's funeral.
"I went round to my brother's house to tell them I wanted my money as the funeral cost £10,500 - they owe me money for it but they're refusing to pay.
"She answered the door and told me my brother wasn't in and I told her I wanted my money - but she told me: 'I wasn't f***ing getting it' and there was a shouting match."
A breath test test showed she was two and a half times the alcohol limit for driving.
At Stockport Magistrates Court Oldfield was convicted of assault, criminal damage and drink driving.
She was ordered to wear a electronic tag for 10 weeks and was banned from contacting Miss Murphy for 12 months under the terms of a restraining order.
She was banned from driving for 14 months and ordered to pay £100 costs.
Claire Oldfield falsely branded her brother a 'rapist' during the doorstep confrontation (Image: Claire Oldfield/ Cavendish Press (Manchester) Ltd)
Kind pub owners to pay for Christmas dinner for 300 homeless people
JPs ruled £700 of the compensation bill should go towards the £1,500 repairs on the Mercerdes.
The violent confrontation on July 28 last year occurred after a bitter family feud between Oldfield and Mr Friel following the death of their businessman father, Carl Friel, who passed away aged 75 in 2015 after making separate wills in Ireland and the UK.
Oldfield had believed she was executor of her father's will and paid for his funeral in the hope of reclaiming the money from his estate but she subsequently discovered her brother was in charge of discharging the money, JPs heard.
After consulting lawyers, she drank vodka and Red Bulls at home then went round in her VW Carravelle people carrier to have it out with her brother.
Miss Murphy, a mother of three, who was at home at Congleton with her children said: "I heard banging at my door and Claire Oldfield who's sort of my sister-in-law was stood there and saying: "I want my f***ing money".
"It was my understanding Claire wanted the money from her father's estate and John is the executor.
"She had thought she was the executor for 18 months before John found out he was the executor at the time he passed away. I just told her it's got nothing to do with me but she just started to verbally abuse me and my appearance.
Claire Oldfield was enganged in a spat with her brother about money for her father's funeral (Image: Claire Oldfield/ Cavendish Press (Manchester) Ltd)
Monster left woman scarred for life when he slashed her face after being dumped
"She called me 'fat' and 'podgy' and my daughter came into the porch and she was calling her 'fat' too. She was drunk, she was irate and she was laughing as if it was a joke. She was very loud. I could tell she was drunk by the way she was walking up and down the drive.
"I told her to go away and shut the door and I rang the police and told them. Then a neighbour came and knocked on the door and I got changed out of my pyjamas to go outside and Claire was there again.
"She was ranting and raving then she hit me in the face with the palm of her hand.
"She was asking me where her "rapist brother" was. She was shouting up at the girls - they were upstairs at the front bedroom window. She was calling them both 'fat' and they were telling her to go away.
"She then hit me in the face with her left hand, hitting me on my top lip and my nose. She then grabbed my left arm and I went to grab the inside door of the porch and she hit me in the face.
"She was very aggressive with me and my children and yet I was not aware she was owed money. I was just in total shock when it happened at the way she had behaved."
Oldfield denied assault and criminal damage.
Her lawyer Shirley Fitton said: " This all started over inheritance. The father had apparently made two wills one in Ireland and one in this country and it caused conflict.
"There is an ongoing dispute and Mrs Oldfield feels that that dispute has been very vindictive against her.
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"She cares for her disabled sister who suffers with cerebral palsy and has done so for over 25 years.
"Yet she was charged with fraud in relation to the inheritance following a complaint from her brother and was taken to crown court but was found not guilty of that.
"Since these proceedings they have applied for the power of attorney that she has in relation to her sisters affairs to be transferred to them. It is a very fraught situation."
Driving ban
Drink-driving | {
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Costello Urges Hogan to 'Return to the Negotiating Table" for State Center Development Plan
Ed Gunts
Image of State Center via Google StreetView
Concerned about the possibility of 3,000 state employees leaving Baltimore, City Councilman Eric Costello wants Gov. Larry Hogan to come up with an acceptable development plan for the 28-acre State Center renewal area.
Costello on Monday night introduced a resolution urging Hogan to work with the city and neighborhood organizations to come up with a "mutually beneficial" plan for State Center. The Council unanimously approved the resolution.
"Be it resolved," the measure states in part, "that the Council urges the Governor of Maryland to return to the negotiating table with members of the State Center Neighborhood Alliance, the community, and the City of Baltimore, to agree on a plan for redevelopment of the State Center complex that will be mutually beneficial for all parties involved, and will not result in the loss of nearly 3,000 jobs in the city."
The governor has asked the Maryland Stadium Authority to study the feasibility of building a sports arena on the State Center property, instead of a $1.5 billion mixed-use development that had been in the works before December, when the state Board of Public Works voted to scrap the project. Hogan's announcement fueled concerns that the state employees who currently work at State Center could be relocated outside the city.
Costello's resolution notes that a 2006 "viability study" already concluded that State Center would be a poor candidate for an arena, "because of construction issues related to the Baltimore Metro tunnel and a lack of width between Eutaw Street and Madison Street."
Ed Gunts is a local freelance writer and the former architecture critic for The Baltimore Sun.
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eric costello
gov. larry hogan | {
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This article was last modified on May 9, 2005.
On Puzzles Without Solutions
Do puzzles require solutions? That is, by definition, must a puzzle have a solution in order to be properly identified as a puzzle? I will explore the technical as well as general definition of puzzles, go over some supplementary issues, and see what sense can be made of all this. My goal? Nothing more than an exercise in the English language, with little or no practical insight to speak of. So relax, open your mind, and come along for a linguistic journey.
A Technical Definition
Under the technical definition, a puzzle is defined as such partly because it has a solution. The cognitive science department at Princeton University (according to Google) identifies a puzzle as "a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution."
Thomas Kuhn goes into much greater detail on this matter. He defines a puzzle as "that special category of problems that can serve to test ingenuity or skill in solution." [Kuhn: 36] Here the emphasis seems more on the use of brain power to isolate what a puzzle is, though the solution aspect is mentioned and he elaborates on the next page. He states, "Though intrinsic value is no criterion for a puzzle, the assured existence of a solution is." [Kuhn: 37] Adding to the Princeton definition, Kuhn notices a second criterion in the presence of rules. He says, "There must also be rules that limit both the nature of acceptable solutions and the steps by which they are to be obtained." [Kuhn:38]
Using a crossword puzzle as an example, a rule does exist in what an acceptable solution is: there is only one correct answer per clue, you cannot simply fill in the squares with any word or letters or your choosing. A rule also exists as to how these answers must be obtained: you must either know the definition in your head or look up the answer in an outside source; referring to the back of the magazine for solutions violates the rules and you have failed to solve the puzzle correctly.
But is Kuhn the final word on what a puzzle is?
A Common Sense Definition
Common sense (that which we experience day to day without reflective thought) tells us that puzzles need not have solutions, or at least this is not what we identify them by. The Wikipedia (according to Google) identifies a puzzle as "a problem or enigma presented as entertainment", without mention of a solution at all. This is not surprising, for when we think of a puzzle, we likely first think of "crossword puzzles" or "jigsaw puzzles" which we do not immediately think of as having solutions. While we know that such puzzles do have solutions, we identify them by visual stimuli (their shape, perhaps) rather than any other definable means.
It is worth noting that the common sense definition is in no way contradictory to the technical definition. While never mentioning the need for a solution, their is at no time a mention that puzzles may exist without solutions. If all puzzles require solutions, they would still be "problems or enigmas" for us. The common sense definition is merely less precise, as we would expect from it. A dog, for example, does not cease to be the technical "quadriped mammal of the canine variety" simply because common sense prefers to say "a four-legged hairy animal often used as a pet."
One might take exception to the use of the word "entertainment" in the definition. And this is where common sense falls short. While our thoughts turn immediately to crossword and jigsaw puzzles (entertainment), common sense ignores the otherwise abstract uses of various terms. A police detective or a scientist would not mind calling their investigations puzzles or their work puzzling, but they might take some offence at the idea of their work being entertainment.
Aside: Medicine Analogous to Philosophy
Medicine is one field of puzzles that probably would not prefer to think of what they do as entertainment. Discerning new ways to perform a surgery is hardly light-hearted or humorous.
Wittgenstein noticed the similarity between philosophy and medicine. He said, "The philosopher treats a question; like an illness." [Schulte: 22] If Ayer (see below) is correct in stated that philosophy is puzzle solving, than surely we can surmise that medicine is puzzle solving, too. (Some might recall the video game "Dr. Mario" which very literally combined medicine with puzzle solving.) So we ask: if medicine is puzzle solving, are these medical puzzles entertainment? And do they necessarily have solutions?
Theoretical Puzzles Without Solutions
In theory, could we not have a jigsaw puzzle where the pieces did not fit together? Or a crossword puzzle where the words simply didn't fit where they were supposed to be written? If so, is this still a puzzle? One would think so, because what would you call an impossible crossword puzzle if not a crossword puzzle? So we are left to decide whether to come up with a new name for such entities or to conclude that puzzles, by definition, need not require solutions.
Another theoretical problem is how does one determine whether a puzzle is a puzzle until after the completion of it? If all puzzles require solutions, we could not rightfully know if something we called a puzzle was what we called it until after the work was done. We could only say something "was a puzzle", never that it "is a puzzle". We often assume we know the answer. Probability shows us that by looking at a jigsaw puzzle or a crossword puzzle we can assume their is a solution, since this is what we have come to expect. But what of the more abstract uses?
A crime can be a puzzle, because we know from the beginning there is a criminal to be caught and whether we find him or not, a solution exists somewhere. But in medical science, this might not always be the case. Is cancer a puzzle? Perhaps no cure for cancer shall ever exist in this or on any possible world. Can we call cancer a puzzle if a solution exists at some infinite (unreachable) point in the future?
Puzzle Etymology
In my piece "Who or What is a Philosopher" I made the argument that a philosopher is someone who has become a master of words. I implied that inventing new definitions for old words could be considered philosophy, since as we are told it is better for us to be the master of words than for the words to be the master of us. However, in order for words and their definitions to have any meaning or power, they must be accepted by other people – else the entire purpose (communication) falls to pieces.
With the importance of a set definition in mind, we turn to etymology to find what the tradition meaning of puzzle is. Coincidentally, the etymology is completely puzzling.
Both Google and my collegiate dictionary offer the simple explanation of "origin unknown", while adding the first use of the word "puzzle" occurred in 1602. But this simply is not good enough. Looking up "muzzle" (which has notably the same sounds) I find the word to be related to Middle French and ultimately Latin. On the hunch that puzzle followed a similar route, I checked for a cognate in the French language and was rewarded.
We find in Medieval French a word, "aposer" which means "to perplex." From this we have the modern word "pusle" which means "to bewilder" or "to confound" (essentially the same thing). At the time of this first draft I have misplaced my Latin dictionary, though one supposes that the Medieval French could be traced directly to a Latin equivalent.
Why the dictionary or Google were not able to make such an obvious connection is unknown. Regardless, the word clearly stems from the verb rather than the noun form of "puzzle" which refers more to the feeling and less to the object causing this feeling. Which does us little good (assuming we can be puzzled by both solutionless and solvable puzzles).
Puzzles and Problems: Classes
As a side note, we should mention classes as used in definitions. A class is a set of objects. For example, the definition includes the phrase "a puzzle is a problem" which sorts puzzles into the class of problems. Why is this important?
Knowing that puzzles are problems sorts puzzles into a category. The definition tells us puzzles are entertaining or have a solution (depending on which one we use). But they also direct us to them being "problems" which means puzzles must also have all the qualities of a problem.
Conversely, since a puzzle is in the class of problems, we know that a problem is not in a class of puzzles. All puzzles must be problems, but not all problems are inherently puzzles. Some problems may (and probably do) exist that are not puzzles at all. So the key to defining a puzzle is to see what makes it different from all the problems which are not puzzles. Is the deciding factor a solution or entertainment?
You may also ask why there is a need to differentiate between puzzles and problems, as they are quite obviously different when we think about them. But perhaps not. Even such great minds as A. J. Ayer have confused the issue. At first, Ayer correctly identifies philosophy as the business of solving puzzles (because, after all, why attempt to find answers to something which has no answer). [Ayer: 26] But later, he seems to think puzzles and problems are interchangeable, when he asserts that "all genuine problems are at least theoretically capable of being solved." [Ayer: 50] Can we say that? By what theory can all problems (not puzzles) be solved? Would this not make the gravity of a problem less significant to maintain the belief it would be solved inevitably? Though perhaps this is straying too far off the track.
Can Puzzles be Solutionless?
Do we accept the definition of puzzles as things which are entertaining or things with solutions (or some third option)? If one definition must be settled on, the definition offered by Kuhn must be the one we agree to.
Entertainment is no way to decide whether or not something is a puzzle. While many puzzles offer entertainment value, there is no reason to believe this is any guarantee. Many puzzles, such as those offered in school, may have no entertainment value whatsoever in the eyes of the students. This definition is entirely subjective.
However, we can agree that all puzzles require solutions. The idea of puzzles without solutions as presented above is not good enough. Simply because something appears to be one thing does not mean it cannot be another after closer examination. Keep in mind the ugly duckling who was in reality a swan. A crossword puzzle which ultimately has no solution was not a real crossword puzzle at all – it was false and becomes either a trick or a piece of art, not a puzzle. While there is every reason to intend for something to be what we think it is, as humans we may not always be correct in our first impressions.
Conclusion? A puzzle with no solution is no puzzle at all.
Ayer, Alfred Jules. Language, Truth and Logic. Dover Publications, 1952.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Schulte, Joachim. Wittgenstein. State University of New York Press, 1992.
"Web Definitions for Puzzle", Google.com (definitions are obtained from Google by typing "define x", where "x" in this case is "puzzle")
Also try another article under Philosophical | {
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Tstar Wellness
Top 3 Reviews of Kit Dream League Soccer 2019
This is the absolute best amusement I truly love playing this diversion and updates of this amusement is quite incredible that makes the diversion all the more leaving. Presently there is one thing I'm not getting I'm not ready to change the name of the player that I've made so kindly take care of business and furthermore y'all can take a shot at illustrations somewhat more and please increment the rate of coins in arena reward and on the off chance that conceivable, at that point in the advertisements too. There ought to be more examples in the uniform making segment and free obviously.
I locate this diversion fun. The arena limit thing where you have to overhaul your arena to pick up advancement regardless of how great you are is somewhat irritating, however the amusement is anything but difficult to play, and I don't assume that the diversion is pay to win. With the general population grumbling about expecting to make an in application buy to leave the institute division, you don't. I scarcely purchased any players when I was in the foundation division. I figure the amusement could utilize a noteworthy refresh to fix a few things, similar to terrible goalies, poor checking, arena redesigns, and things like that. Web based ongoing interaction. Web based interactivity has opportunity to get better. Better coordinating framework so you reliably get players who have a similar who are as great at dream group as you seem to be. This should be possible by seeing DLS rating, everybody has 1000 DLS rating toward the beginning of the diversion, and you lose some evaluating for each match you lose, and increase some appraising for each match that you win or taking a gander at structure. (structure is your execution in your last 5 matches) Connecting to your adversary is somewhat moderate too. All of the amusements shortcomings are dominated by how fun the diversion is. Generally speaking, extraordinary amusement. Kit Dream League Soccer
Regardless of what surveys you read about recreations it just relies upon your choice. When I got this diversion prescribed to me from a companion I figured I would give it a shot just to feel what it resembled. What's more, promptly I got snared in light of the fact that I got exhausted of the Fifa diversions dependably not working. This diversion may have a compensation to win component however that doesn't generally make a difference because of the reality its majority is a solitary player experience for you to appreciate while sat on the sofa or sat in the vehicle. In any case, in the event that you would like to have some multiplayer activity there is a multiplayer diversion mode for you to test your aptitudes against genuine individuals and not simply Ai constantly. There are several things I need to whine about: Such as the reality when your in the market purchasing your players you can't purchase Ronaldo or Messi or a great deal of understood star players who are great at football like a Wayne Ronney. Another is the way that like each amusement my players get harmed and after that it takes me an irritating measure of time to set aside to recuperate those player. Indeed, even with those issues it is as yet an extremely fun amusement!
I like this amusement. It's likely the most pleasant soccer match in the App Store. What I mean by agreeable is that this amusement does not have the capacity to make you totally angered now and again. Shoutout at FIFA Mobile for having this capacity to the furthest limit. There are two things that FIFA Mobile improves the situation than this amusement however. Most importantly, the manner in which that players associate with one another in this diversion is simply ludicrous. Play this diversion and contrast it with a genuine soccer match to perceive what I mean. All things considered, players don't simply skip off of one another or decline to pursue the ball. It would be extraordinary if the engineers executed progressively sensible player connections inside this amusement. FIFA portable does player connections truly well so perhaps the designers should observe. Besides, the shooting instruments inside the diversion simply isn't all there. It's quite difficult to score an objective that really looks great. More often than not, I'm simply scoring measly little tap-ins. On the off chance that the engineers could execute a swiping shooting framework, for example, the one seen in FIFA Mobile, at that point that would total this diversion and put it miles in front of each other soccer match on the App Store.
Best Safe Gun Under 500 in 2019
V-LINE QUICK ACCESS KEYLESS LONG GUN SAFE
This version doesn't offer you any type of flame protection. V-Line's gun secure is modest but sturdy. You will have the ability to store two firearms inside if they do not have flashlights or stoves mounted. Nevertheless, it may be tricky to match two rifles inside whenever they are broad. You may, however, have the ability to match one gun and a handgun with no sort of trouble. The entire construction is made from steel lock. The lock is programmable and you may alter the push-button combination whenever you desire. Aside from the primary lock, the secure also has two extra locks located on the upper and bottom of the doorway. This raises the total safety. If you Purchase the secure for your home-defense Weapon, maintain the mix short to get a faster access. If on the other hand, the secure is put in place children can get, you ought to produce the mix difficult to imagine. This secure is lightweight and ought to be anchored for greater safety. If you do not anchor it, then the burglar might opt to select the entire secure together, which means that your reduction will be higher. The bottom line isthat this particular merchandise is a great one. The primary locking system is excellent and the additional locks increase the general safety. You might find it tricky to match over a gun or a shotgun and a handgun inside, but it is going to shield those from injury. Homegear's gun safe Includes inner Jewelry/valuables lockbox. This secure is supposed to possess a saving capacity.
HOMEGEAR 5 RIFLE ELECTRONIC GUN SAFE
Not only will you manage to match five rifles or shotguns inside, however you'll also have space to spare. You'll have the ability to match a handgun and ammunition in the rest of the space. The secure is made from heavy duty steel. The Steel is 2mm thick at the walls and 4 millimeters from the doorways. There's a backup key it is possible to use in the event of a crisis, if the batteries run out, or when you do not like locks. Each pair of batteries should last for approximately two decades, based on how many times you use it. This secure weighs approximately 75 lbs, which means you are going to need to anchor it to boost its safety. If you would like to bolt it down, then you are going to need to purchase new anchors. The provided hardware is of inferior quality and may damage your own wall. Another drawback is that the low visibility that the Keypad has at nighttime. In case you need to get into the secure fast and punch in your code, then you are going to need to turn the lights point a flashlight in the keys if you would like to view something. The very best thing about this version is that the rapid accessibility. It is going to only take approximately 3-5 minutes to start the door. best gun safe under 500
STACK-ON TACTICAL SECURITY CABINET
Stack-On's safety cabinet has the promoted Capacity of two strategic weapons as well as 14 rifles or shotguns. Though you are able to store two strategic weapons, then you will only have the ability to fit just 6-8 additional rifles or shotguns alongside them. The entire construction is made from steel. The Wonderful thing about this version is that you just can make many alterations and accommodate it to meet your requirements. If you're searching for greater storage capability, you are able to take all of the shelves and stack as many rifles inside as possible. You've got one full-width plate and 3 half-width shelves you may use to alter the configuration. Everything in this device could be removed so the exact same time without a lot of problems. This rifle cabinet weighs approximately 90 18″. Because It's relatively little, you need to anchor it into the wall or into the floor for additional safety in the event of a burglary. Another big benefit of the model is the fact that it includes barrel holders. You will Have the Ability to use these holders to maintain your firearms upright. In this manner, you can save your rifles with all the scopes.
Watch Stranger Things Season 3 Start Filming In Mid-April
Posted on December 6, 2018 February 28, 2019
Stranger Things season 3 has not started production yet. But fans are speculating about what horrors await our Hawkins residents. One issue, in particular, is on our minds: Can we shed any new characters into the Mind Flayer and its minions? A fan concept that is wild hones in on a detail so modest, so insignificant, to establish another character will die. Fans have made Stranger Things one of the very talked-about TV show on social networking. And lots of the buzz for the two seasons based on one topic: the death of characters.
Following Bob Newby, Superhero kicked the bucket in season two, fans were not bashful about mourning him. And when Barb was assaulted by the Demogorgon in season one, her passing became one of the most minutes of 2016. Even minor characters' deaths have resisted discussion by enthusiasts. Fans desire justice for more than simply Barb. Although Benny only had a couple of scenes worth of screen time, he left a huge impression for a number of fans. #JusticeforBenny was called for by fans on Twitter and Reddit after he had been gunned down by government functions. Although Benny's death did not reverberate quite as loudly at the Stranger Things fandom, it did prove something. Fans notice the details, small and large. And they have taken.
There is one thing about watch Stranger Things 3 fans are fairly sure of. Stranger Things has not quite reached The Walking Dead heights of character killing. But in just two seasons, the series has managed to kill off a number of its characters. Additionally, between destruction in the Hawkins Lab and trips to the Upside Down, the show has racked up its share of casualties. That trend is not likely to stop with watch Stranger Things 3. It is pretty much a sure bet that someone will die, whether it is a newbie or a character. It's Tough to imagine Stranger Things killing off Steve, or Mike, or Eleven. Nonetheless, it is safe to presume that just about anybody could die. Fans are biding their time by imagining who could move next. So fans are currently filling the long gap in their lives by trying to figure what is going to happen.
They have got some amazing (and sometimes bizarre) notions about the Stranger Things' characters fate. By way of instance, some fans think Dr. Brenner will return for Eleven, which might put Hopper at risk. And among the more popular theories draws on past deaths to guess who will die next. The key to this fan concept is a single letter. They didn't know one another, and they died in ways that are different. However, one fan theory suggests that it is proof that anybody with that letter in their title might be a goner. Some fans would not be sad to see Billy go. When he came in Stranger Things 2, Billy certainly caused a stir. His bad boy attitude and hair had a part of Hawkins' girls, old and young.
Many fans, on the other hand, are not quite as in love with the newcomer. They point to bullying of Steve as a proof behavior of his sister, and his racism he's not. Therefore, if Billy does end up dying, a huge portion of this Stranger Things 3 fan base would not be too bummed. Stranger Things 3 may kill off a number of its characters, but it does not do so indiscriminately. So far, the big deaths each has had a ripple effect and changed one character's life in a way that is significant. It would place Theresa Ives at risk if Becky expires, and it might mean that Eleven and Hopper need to care for her. It would mark a shift in the life of Max if Billy dies. Plus it would probably, have a direct impact on Steve. It is too early to know whether that fan theory holds any water.
The Slight Appearance of Dr Strange Raises Public Anticipation
Who doesn't know Benedict Cumberbatch these days? If you asked the question a decade ago, the answer to your question was probably a no. But thanks to his brilliant acting in the modern British version of Sherlock Holmes (supported by great stories and great detective analysis) and not to mention that Cumberbatch has played in some of the amazing roles – remember Start Trek and others – it is no wonder that the man is now one of the most famous actors worth waiting for. He may not be as dashing and handsome as other actors (who are known as the pretty boys), but you can be sure that his acting is one of the best these days.
And it seems that Marvel has made a clever decision to make Cumberbatch the next Doctor Strange role. Well, you had to admit that some people were skeptical about him and the role, thinking that Marvel had made an entirely wrong decision. But a current Twitter tweet and a photo of Cumberbatch in his costume have answered all those skeptical opinions.
The movie is taken place in New York City for the setting, especially for the public scenes. And there was a release of Cumberbatch and Chiwetel Ejiofor in their full costumes that made everyone went 'wow!' Cumberbatch was caught wearing his Stephen Strange costume while Ejiofor was wearing his Baron Karl Amadeus Mordo. And since the photo and the tweet from Scott Derrickson on the 3rd of April 2016, photos of those two main characters began to surface. A pretty impressive and fruitful free promo, if you ask me.
Dr. Stephen Strange was a surgeon who suffered a misfortunate turn of an event. Being a brilliant surgeon means that he needed his hands badly and yet his hands are damaged severely (and can't be healed or repaired) in a car accident. Strange refused to accept his faith and the loss of his assets. He began to start a journey to improve his hands, and taking the facts that there are more than what meets the eye. He received mystic arts and be involved in it.
During the journey, he met Baron Mordo, another powerful sorcerer. His presence and existence are mysterious, and you have to guess whether he is a friend or an enemy for Strange. If you read the comic book, however, you will understand that Mordo is Strange's enemy – even the nemesis. But you can never tell in the movie because there might be changes in the plot.
Ever since the photos released to the public, it seems that Strange has gained a more positive acceptance, especially related to the costume. In a superhero movie, a costume is crucial, you know. And after Cumberbatch was caught wearing the uniform, people started to change their opinion into a more positive one, naturally. The dress is simply amazing and the fact that Cumberbatch plays Dr. Strange is only adding the appeal. A streak of a white strand of hair makes him somewhat charming and handsome. And the coolest thing about the whole thing is that Baron Mordo shares the similar charm and great look. See the Youtube teaser and tell me that you aren't curious about the movie.
Everything you need to know about game of thrones season 8
Luckily seventh season of the excellent drama television series like game of throne is planning to set to the debut on HBO on July 16, 2017. At the same time it concludes later six weeks on August 27, 2017. In fact previous season consisted of the ten episodes but unfortunately seventh season only contains seven episodes. Hbo ordered the seventh season at the April 21 and this season was initially primed on the Spain, Iceland and Northern Ireland. As everyone knows it has the huge ensemble cast such as Nikolaj Coaster Waldau, Lena Headey, Emilia Clarke and Peter Dinklage. In fact seventh season will plan to introduce some new cast members such as Tom Hopper and Jim Broadbent. Find out how to watch game of thrones season 8 here.
Useful information about cast of this seventh season of game of thrones
David Benioff and D.B. Weiss are this series creators and executive producers for the seventh season. But the director for this seventh season was Jeremy Podeswa, Matt Shakman, Mark Mylod and Alan Taylor. In fact Shakman is the first time of this series director but rest of the people are directed most of the episodes in the previous season. Filming began at the Titanic Studios in the year of 2016, August 31 and planned to end shoot was February 2017. Due to the weather conditions, seventh season of this series will be delayed. A Recent report says there are five main cast members are there in this series such as Emilia Clarke, Peter Dinklage, Nikolaj Coaster Waldau, Kit Harington and Lena Heady.
Based on the interview with the co-creators of D.B. Weiss and David Benioff said that seventh season might have only a few episodes. In fact Ramin Djawadi is the again composer of seventh season and HBO released more than 15 official photos on April 20. In fact this series might not comprise the "song of ice and fires". Based on the entertainment weekly report says that Jim Broadbent is playing the significant role in the seventh season. The role of Broadbent was Dickon Tarly and Conor McGregor plays a cameo role in the seventh season.
On March 1, 2017 this series is teamed up with the MLB like Major League Baseball to the cross-promotional partnership. In fact at least 19 teams must participate in this promotion such as Chicago White sox, Boston Red Sox and Houston Astros. Michele Clapton will return to this season as the costume designer and she previously worked for the past first five seasons. In fact HBO has hosted the live stream on the Facebook page on March 9 and it revealed that premiere date for the seventh season as July 16, 2017. At the same time Martine also wrote his page like he had met with the editors and publishers of the HBO in the New York City. Jack Bender is worked with the previous season of this series so he said that seventh season consists of seven seasons. One of the studies says that more than 2.5 million viewers are watching the each episode of this series. Watch game of thrones online here.
Rick and Morty Season 3 Watch Online
Rick and Morty season 3 have vast multiverses, so crossing over–and performing cross marketing–with Alien: Covenant is reasonable from a plot standpoint. As Morty and Rick answer a distress call aboard a 15, the meta is sturdy, and they come using the team indefinitely being ravaged by the aliens. Although there still is not the word on when Rick and Morty season 3 will debut on Adult Swim, this glimpse into a different experience, blatant advertising apart, reveals how much we have been overlooking this duo's crazy adventures.Who would have thought that the alcoholism of Rick would have come in handy? If only Rick and Morty could allow the characters in the endless Alien franchise know about it. As fans might remember, the April 1 incident finished with Jerry and Beth headed for divorce. That was a tease. While Morty wasn't happy whatsoever in the premiere, Beth seemed pleased to be leaving her husband. Especially because the divorce was part of Rick's master program.
Mstars reported that Rick's manipulation causing his parents could be the end of him after the orders of his grandpa and go along with him. There may be a shift in their relationship going with Morty becoming confrontational.Although there's still no air date for episode two of Season 3, the "Rick and Morty" founders happen to be giving fans a couple of teases regarding who is in the upcoming shows. The following installment, titled "Rickmancing the Stone," is highly expected even though we do not know when it is coming. Fans hope Rick and Morty Season 3's next episode to broadcast at some stage between now and August. Ridley recently teased that there'll be a yield of "Evil Morty" during Season 3. As far as during "Rick and Morty" will go finally to end up Season 3, all indications designate to July. After all, the previous two seasons of the Adult Swim hit have dropped in July, and it appears that that might just be if the animated series intends to create their new episodes out there. Are you tuning in if "Rick and Morty" yields to inform the rest of the narrative about Beth and Jerry's split in watch Rick and Morty online free Season 3?
Rick and Morty season 3 could feature the return of a few of the animated series' fan-favorite characters in the first two seasons, based on one of the show's authors. Fans surprised with the highly anticipated Rick and Morty season 3 premiere of the show as it aired on April Fool's Day. Until now, there is no word once the rest of the season's episodes will be published.During a recent discussion for the Y Combinator podcast, "Rick and Morty" author Ryan Ridley indicated that the long pause for the return of the remaining episodes for the season would be well worth it. Ridley revealed some details hinting in the first two seasons that'll come back to the series."What I enjoy about the series, and from a general viewpoint, personally, is that people appear to be spent in the fact of the series," Ridley said. "People are wondering about particular characters, when are they coming back, what is happening with them," he added. He remained, "The fact that people still care about characters which were introduced in Season 1 and thoughts — such as the 'eye-patch/evil Morty' — in Rick and Morty Season 3, I think we remain faithful to the concept that the world is actual. In the tenth installment of the series's first year, titled "Close Tick-Counters of this Rick Kind," Evil Morty — also called Eye-Patch Morty — and a mind-controlled Evil Rick has been introduced. The remote rescued by the council, as it had been disclosed that it had been Morty who controlled Rick. This Morty disappeared into the crowd of Morty's.Fans have been clamoring for him to earn a return in the episodes to come. And it appears that that might come right from the third season of the show.
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Dr Loretta Dunne - Pobl - Prifysgol Caerdydd
Dr Loretta Dunne
[email protected]
WX/3.12, Adeiladau'r Frenhines - estyniad y Gorllewin, 5 The Parade, Heol Casnewydd, Caerdydd, CF24 3AA
1997-2001: PhD Cardiff University2001-2004: PPARC Post-doctoral fellow2004 - 2005: Lecturer - Nottingham University2005-2006: Teacher training2007 - 2011: Associate Professor- Nottingham Univeristy2011 - 2015: Senior Lecturer - University of Canterbury NZ2014- : Research Fellow - University of Edinburgh2015 - :Research Fellow - Cardiff University
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Zhang, Z.et al. 2018. Far-infrared Herschel SPIRE spectroscopy of lensed starbursts reveals physical conditions of ionized gas. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 481(1), pp. 59-97. (10.1093/mnras/sty2082)
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Beeston, R. A.et al. 2018. GAMA/H-ATLAS: the local dust mass function and cosmic density as a function of galaxy type – a benchmark for models of galaxy evolution. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 479(1), pp. 1077-1099. (10.1093/mnras/sty1460)
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Greenslade, J.et al. 2018. Candidate high-z proto-clusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 476(3), pp. 3336-3359. (10.1093/mnras/sty023)
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Driver, S. P.et al. 2018. GAMA/G10-COSMOS/3D-HST: The 0<5 cosmic star-formation history, stellar- and dust-mass densities. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 475(3), pp. 2891-2935. (10.1093/mnras/stx2728)
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Stanley, F.et al. 2017. The mean star formation rates of unobscured QSOs: searching for evidence of suppressed or enhanced star formation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 472(2), pp. 2221-2240. (10.1093/mnras/stx2121)
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De Vis, P.et al. 2017. Using dust, gas and stellar mass selected samples to probe dust sources and sinks in low metallicity galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 471(2), pp. 1743-1765. (10.1093/mnras/stx981)
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Hardcastle, M. J.et al. 2016. LOFAR/H-ATLAS: a deep low-frequency survey of the Herschel-ATLAS North Galactic Pole field. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 462(2), pp. 1910-1936. (10.1093/mnras/stw1763)
Bourne, N.et al. 2016. The Herschel★-ATLAS Data Release 1 – II. Multi-wavelength counterparts to submillimetre sources. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 462(2), pp. 1714-1734. (10.1093/mnras/stw1654)
Wang, L.et al. 2016. GAMA/H-ATLAS: common star formation rate indicators and their dependence on galaxy physical parameters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 461(2), pp. 1898-1916. (10.1093/mnras/stw1450)
Davies, L. J. M., Dunne, L. and Smith, M. 2016. GAMA/H-ATLAS: a meta-analysis of SFR indicators – comprehensive measures of the SFR–M* relation and cosmic star formation history at z < 0.4. Monthly Notices- Royal Astronomical Society 461(1), pp. 458-485. (10.1093/mnras/stw1342)
Driver, S. P.et al. 2016. Measurements of extragalactic background light from the far uv to the far ir from deep ground- and space-based galaxy counts. Astrophysical Journal 827(2), article number: 108. (10.3847/0004-637X/827/2/108)
Oteo, I.et al. 2016. Witnessing the birth of the red sequence: alma high-resolution imaging of [c ii] and dust in two interacting ultra-red starbursts atz= 4.425. Astrophysical Journal 827(1), pp. 34-45. (10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/34)
Wang, .et al. 2016. The faint end of the 250 μm luminosity function at z < 0.5. Astronomy and Astrophysics 592, article number: L5. (10.1051/0004-6361/201629076)
Wright, A. H.et al. 2016. Galaxy and Mass Assembly: accurate panchromatic photometry from optical priors using LAMBDAR. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 460(1), pp. 765-801. (10.1093/mnras/stw832)
Bianchini, F.et al. 2016. Toward a tomographic analysis of the cross-correlation between Planck CMB lensing and H-atlas galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal 825(1), pp. 24. (10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/24)
Fuller, C.et al. 2016. H-ATLAS: the far-infrared properties of galaxies in and around the Coma cluster. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 458(1), pp. 582-602. (10.1093/mnras/stw305)
Driver, S. P.et al. 2016. Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Panchromatic Data Release (far-UV-far-IR) and the low-z energy budget. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 455(4), pp. 3911-3942. (10.1093/mnras/stv2505)
Ho, I.et al. 2016. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: extraplanar gas, galactic winds and their association with star formation history. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 457(2), pp. 1257-1278. (10.1093/mnras/stw017)
Dariush, A.et al. 2015. H-ATLAS/GAMA: the nature and characteristics of optically red galaxies detected at submillimetre wavelengths. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 456(2), pp. 2221-2259. (10.1093/mnras/stv2767)
Ma, B.et al. 2015. Spitzerimaging of strongly lensedherschel-selected dusty star-forming galaxies. Astrophysical Journal 814(1), article number: 17. (10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/17)
Eales, S.et al. 2015. H-ATLAS/GAMA: quantifying the morphological evolution of the galaxy population using cosmic calorimetry. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452(4), pp. 3489-3507. (10.1093/mnras/stv1300)
Guerkan, G.et al. 2015. Herschel-ATLAS: the connection between star formation and AGN activity in radio-loud and radio-quiet active galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452(4), pp. 3776-3794. (10.1093/mnras/stv1502)
Dye, S.et al. 2015. Revealing the complex nature of the strong gravitationally lensed system H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 using ALMA. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452(3), pp. 2258-2268. (10.1093/mnras/stv1442)
Liske, J.et al. 2015. Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): end of survey report and data release 2. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452(2), pp. 2087-2126. (10.1093/mnras/stv1436)
Clark, C. J. R.et al. 2015. Herschel-ATLAS: the surprising diversity of dust-selected galaxies in the local submillimetre universe. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452(1), pp. 397-430. (10.1093/mnras/stv1276)
Davies, L. J. M.et al. 2015. Galaxy and mass assembly (GAMA): the effect of close interactions on star formation in galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452(1), pp. 616-636. (10.1093/mnras/stv1241)
Agius, N. K.et al. 2015. H-ATLAS/GAMA and HeViCS - dusty early-type galaxies in different environments. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 451(4), pp. 3815-3835. (10.1093/mnras/stv1191)
De Geyter, G.et al. 2015. Dust energy balance study of two edge-on spiral galaxies in the Herschel-ATLAS survey. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 451(2), pp. 1728-1739. (10.1093/mnras/stv1104)
Swinbank, A. M.et al. 2015. Alma resolves the properties of star-forming regions in a dense gas disk at z~3. Astrophysical Journal Letters 806(1), article number: L17. (10.1088/2041-8205/806/1/L17)
Davis, T.et al. 2015. Molecular and atomic gas in dust lane early-type galaxies - I. Low star formation efficiencies in minor merger remnants. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 449(4), pp. 3503-3516. (10.1093/mnras/stv597)
Ibar, E.et al. 2015. A multiwavelength exploration of the [C II]/IR ratio in H-ATLAS/GAMA galaxies out to z = 0.2. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 449(3), pp. 2498-2513. (10.1093/mnras/stv439)
Kohn, S. A.et al. 2015. Far-infrared observations of an unbiased sample of gamma-ray burst host galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 448(2), pp. 1494-1503. (10.1093/mnras/stv088)
Bianchini, F.et al. 2015. Cross-correlation between the CMB lensing potential measured by Planck and high-zsubmillimeter galaxies detected by the Herschel-ATLAS survey. Astrophysical Journal 802(1), article number: 64. (10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/64)
Matsuura, M.et al. 2015. A stubbornly large mass of cold dust in the ejecta of Supernova 1987A. Astrophysical Journal 800(1), article number: 50. (10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/50)
Timmons, N.et al. 2015. Extinction and nebular line properties of aherschel-selected lensed dusty starburst ATz= 1.027. Astrophysical Journal 805(2), article number: 140. (10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/140)
Smith, D. J. B.et al. 2014. The temperature dependence of the far-infrared-radio correlation in the Herschel-ATLAS. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 445(3), pp. 2232-2243. (10.1093/mnras/stu1830)
Calanog, J. A.et al. 2014. Lens models of Herschel-selected galaxies from high-resolution near-IR observations. Astrophysical Journal 797(2), article number: 138. (10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/138)
Bourne, N.et al. 2014. Colour matters: the effects of lensing on the positional offsets between optical and submillimetre galaxies in Herschel-ATLAS. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 444(2), pp. 1884-1892. (10.1093/mnras/stu1582)
Messias, H.et al. 2014. Herschel-ATLAS and ALMA: HATLAS J142935.3-002836, a lensed major merger at redshift 1.027. Astronomy and Astrophysics 568, article number: A92. (10.1051/0004-6361/201424410)
Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.et al. 2014. Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA: SDSS cross-correlation induced by weak lensing. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 442(3), pp. 2680-2690. (10.1093/mnras/stu1041)
Guo, Q.et al. 2014. Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA: How does the far-IR luminosity function depend on galaxy group properties?. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 442(3), pp. 2253-2270. (10.1093/mnras/stu962)
Hickinbottom, S.et al. 2014. A surprising consistency between the far-infrared galaxy luminosity functions of the field and Coma. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 442(2), pp. 1286-1293. (10.1093/mnras/stu924)
Kalfountzou, E.et al. 2014. Herschel-ATLAS: far-infrared properties of radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 442(2), pp. 1181-1196. (10.1093/mnras/stu782)
Rowlands, K.et al. 2014. Herschel-ATLAS: properties of dusty massive galaxies at low and high redshifts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 441(2), pp. 1017-1039. (10.1093/mnras/stu510)
Rowlands, K.et al. 2014. The dust budget crisis in high-redshift submillimetre galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 441(2), pp. 1040-1058. (10.1093/mnras/stu605)
Dye, S.et al. 2014. Herschel★-ATLAS: modelling the first strong gravitational lenses. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 440(3), pp. 2013-2025. (10.1093/mnras/stu305)
Negrello, M.et al. 2014. Herschel*-ATLAS: deep HST/WFC3 imaging of strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 440(3), pp. 1999-2012. (10.1093/mnras/stu413)
Bussmann, R. S.et al. 2013. Gravitational lens models based on submillimeter array imaging of Herschel-selected strongly lensed sub-millimeter galaxies at z>1.5. The Astrophysical Journal 779(1), article number: 25. (10.1088/0004-637X/779/1/25)
Smith, D. J. B.et al. 2013. Isothermal dust models of Herschel-ATLAS galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 436(3), pp. 2435-2453. (10.1093/mnras/stt1737)
Pearson, E.et al. 2013. H-ATLAS: estimating redshifts of Herschel sources from sub-mm fluxes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 435(4), pp. 2753-2763. (10.1093/mnras/stt1369)
George, R. D.et al. 2013. Far-infrared spectroscopy of a lensed starburst: a blind redshift from Herschel. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 436(1), pp. L99-L103. (10.1093/mnrasl/slt122)
Bourne, N.et al. 2013. Herschel-ATLAS: correlations between dust and gas in local submm-selected galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 436(1), pp. 479-502. (10.1093/mnras/stt1584)
Kaviraj, S.et al. 2013. A Herschel-ATLAS study of dusty spheroids: probing the minor-merger process in the local Universe. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 435(2), pp. 1463-1468. (10.1093/mnras/stt1629)
Ivison, R. J.et al. 2013. Herschel-ATLAS: A binary HyLIRG pimpointing a cluster of starbursting protoellipticals. The Astrophysical Journal 772(2), article number: 137. (10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/137)
Virdee, J. S.et al. 2013. Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA: What determines the far-infrared properties of radio galaxies?. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 432(1), pp. 609-625. (10.1093/mnras/stt488)
Agius, N. K.et al. 2013. GAMA/H-ATLAS: linking the properties of submm detected and undetected early-type galaxies - I. z <= 0.06 sample. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 431(2), pp. 1929-1946. (10.1093/mnras/stt310)
Thacker, C.et al. 2013. H-ATLAS: The cosmic abundance of dust from the far-infrared background power spectrum. The Astrophysical Journal 768(1), article number: 58. (10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/58)
López-Caniego, M.et al. 2013. Mining the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz large area survey: submillimetre-selected blazars in equatorial fields. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 430(3), pp. 1566-1577. (10.1093/mnras/sts680)
Hopkins, A. M.et al. 2013. Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): spectroscopic analysis. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 430(3), pp. 2047-2066. (10.1093/mnras/stt030)
Grootes, M. W.et al. 2013. GAMA/H-ATLAS: The dust opacity-stellar mass surface density relation for spiral galaxies. Astrophysical Journal 766(1), article number: 59. (10.1088/0004-637X/766/1/59)
Hardcastle, M. J.et al. 2013. Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA: a difference between star formation rates in strong-line and weak-line radio galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 429(3), pp. 2407-2424. (10.1093/mnras/sts510)
Omont, A.et al. 2013. H2O emission in high-zultra-luminous infrared galaxies. Astronomy & Astrophysics 551, article number: A115. (10.1051/0004-6361/201220811)
Herranz, D.et al. 2013. Herschel-ATLAS: Planck sources in the phase 1 fields. Astronomy and Astrophysics 549, article number: A31. (10.1051/0004-6361/201219435)
Clark, C. J. R.et al. 2013. A blind survey of the local dusty universe with Herschel-ATLAS. Presented at: The Life Cycle of Dust in the Universe: Observations, Theory, and Laboratory Experiments, Taipei, Taiwan, 18-22 November 2013. pp. 1-4.
van Kampen, E.et al. 2012. Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA: spatial clustering of low-redshift submm galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 426(4), pp. 3455-3463. (10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21949.x)
Lupu, R. E.et al. 2012. Measurements of CO redshifts with Z-Spec for lensed submillimeter galaxies discovered in the H-ATLAS survey. Astrophysical Journal 757(2), article number: 135. (10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/135)
Bussmann, R. S.et al. 2012. A detailed gravitational lens model based on submillimeter array and Keck adaptive optics imaging of a Herschel-Atlas submillimeter galaxy at z=4.243. Astrophysical Journal 756(2), article number: 134. (10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/134)
Fleuren, S.et al. 2012. Herschel-ATLAS: VISTA VIKING near-infrared counterparts in the Phase 1 GAMA 9-h data. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 423(3), pp. 2407-2424. (10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21048.x)
Fu, H.et al. 2012. A comprehensive view of a strongly lensed Planck associated submillimeter galaxy. Astrophysical Journal 753(2), pp. 134. (10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/134)
Harris, A. I.et al. 2012. Blind detections of COJ = 1-0 in 11 H-ATLAS galaxies at z= 2.1-3.5 with the GBT/Zpectrometer. Astrophysical Journal 752(2), pp. 152. (10.1088/0004-637X/752/2/152)
Kim, S.et al. 2012. Spitzer IRAC identification of Herschel-ATLAS SPIRE sources. Astrophysical Journal 756, article number: 28. (10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/28)
Cao Orjales, J. M.et al. 2012. Herschel-ATLAS: the far-infrared properties and star formation rates of broad absorption line quasi-stellar objects. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427(2), pp. 1209-1218. (10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22049.x)
Simpson, J. M.et al. 2012. The evolutionary connection between QSOs and SMGs: molecular gas in far-infrared luminous QSOs at z-2.5. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 426(4), pp. 3201-3210. (10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21941.x)
Lapi, A.et al. 2011. Herschel-ATLAS galaxy counts and high-redshift luminosity functions: the formation of massive early-type galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal 742(1), pp. 24. (10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/24)
Amblard, A.et al. 2010. Herschel-ATLAS: Dust temperature and redshift distribution of SPIRE and PACS detected sources using submillimetre colours. Astronomy and Astrophysics 518, pp. L9. (10.1051/0004-6361/201014586)
Maddox, S. J.et al. 2010. Herschel-ATLAS: The angular correlation function of submillimetre galaxies at high and low redshift. Astronomy and Astrophysics 518, pp. L11. (10.1051/0004-6361/201014663)
González-Nuevo, J.et al. 2010. Herschel-ATLAS: Blazars in the science demonstration phase field. Astronomy and Astrophysics 518, pp. L38. (10.1051/0004-6361/201014637)
Clements, D. L.et al. 2010. Herschel-ATLAS: Extragalactic number counts from 250 to 500 microns. Astronomy and Astrophysics 518, pp. L8. (10.1051/0004-6361/201014581)
Eales, S.et al. 2010. The Herschel ATLAS. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 122(891), pp. 499-515. (10.1086/653086)
Serjeant, S.et al. 2010. Herschel ATLAS: The cosmic star formation history of quasar host galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics 518, pp. L7. (10.1051/0004-6361/201014565)
Cooray, A.et al. 2010. The Herschel-SPIRE Legacy Survey (HSLS): the scientific goals of a shallow and wide submillimeter imaging survey with SPIRE. NASA. Available at: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1007.3519C
Dunne, L. and Eales, S. A. 2002. The SCUBA local universe galaxy survey. Astrophysics and Space Science 281(1-2), pp. 321-322. (10.1023/A:1019507017993)
Evolution of galaxies, with particular interest in their interstellar medium and how gas fuels star formation over cosmic time. Co-PI of Herschel-ATLAS, the largest Herschel extragalactic survey.
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Real Estate & Property Rights
Property law, one of the oldest areas of law since civilization, involves that "bundle of rights" one or more persons possess with respect to a thing, whether its movable or immovable like land. This area of law explores the rights some have to property and the duties others owe toward the property. Property law deals with legal ownership as well as possession of a tangible or intangible thing. It is one of the foundational areas of law every student of law must study before engaging in the practice of law. An understanding of the "black letter law" of Property requires a solid understanding in other areas of law such as Contracts, Torts, and Wills and Estate. Property Law also includes the specialty area of intellectual property law.
Our property law practice encompasses the areas of real estate, landlord-tenant, personal property, and some intellectual property touching on such seemingly innocuous issues as business logos, marks, practices and methodologies, and slogans and mottos. We advise a wide range of clients from commercial and residential buyers and sellers, rental and investment property landlords and tenants, and existing property owners.
Our practice includes all aspects of legal rights to real property. We help our clients understand the conveyances of real estate rights through sales, lease, wills, or trusts. Alaska has unique laws pertaining to single and concurrent estates in law. It is critical to have an Alaska licensed lawyer handle your real estate needs to avoid making mistakes in your real estate transactions. Real property law includes matters related to fixtures, encumbrances to land like easements and rights-of-way, licenses, neighborhood covenants, conditions, and restrictions, zoning and other government use restrictions, legal title and possession, adverse possession, lending and security interests, deeds, tort liability, contract validity, and many other issues involving the real property rights
Personal property laws primarily fall under case law issued by courts applying black letter law to factual situations. Some of the same issues found in real property law can arise in cases involving personal, tangible property such as transfers through sales, leases, gifts, wills or intestacy laws, security interests under Alaska's Commercial Code, legal title transfers involving bona fide purchasers, or where there has been loss, mislaid, or abandoned property, bailments and other such issues arising through common carriers.
This area of law is can be a bit esoteric as it deals with the protection of the owner's nonphysical property that is the product of an idea. Basically, IP is concerned with the product of one's mind, and once produced, becomes the originator's intangible, personal property with rights to its ownership and use. This area of law is concerned with protecting those personal property rights that inure to someone who creates something. Known as "IP" law, it protects those inventors, artists, authors, and other originators, who produce and then sell, lease, or otherwise share the works of their own ingenuity and creativity with the world. By protecting creators of ideas, inventions, products, and works of art, IP law works two-fold: It rewards the originators by protecting, for a short period or indefinitely, their inventions, and it encourages others to invent and create future works for the benefit of all with the promise of such legal protection. IP has a value of its own apart from the physical item. The value of IP depends upon how successful the owner is in protecting this property right from unauthorized use by others. The four types of intellectual property are patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets.
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Business Confidential Information and Trade Secrets
Patents are exclusively protected under federal law and through the U.S. Patent and Trade Office. Your original expressions in tangible form are the substance of copyright law. Federal law protects both published and unpublished original works. Infringement involves copying a work without the owner's permission and without resort to one of the recognized defenses, such as Fair Use. Likewise, a trade secrets is IP that is valuable information not publicly known that used in a commercial enterprise. This would be any creation that an originator decides not to patent or protect under copyright laws. Instead, the originator seeks to protect it for longer than a 20-year patent provides or keep it from eventually transitioning to the public domain after the life of the author plus 70 years through the use of ongoing efforts to keep the information confidential. Misappropriation of a trade secret is a serious act that can lead to litigation under Alaska's Uniform Trade Secrets Act, AS 45.50.910 – .945.
Business Trademarks
While IP involving patents and trademarks typically fall under federal statutes and case law, Alaska statutes also protect IP through its unique trademark rules that allow businesses and others to protect the fruits of their creativity. We can help you protect words, phrases, symbols, designs, logos, or a combination of these used to identify your goods made or sold, or services provided in Alaska. Our attorneys can assist you protecting your trademark or service mark property rights under Alaska's Trademark Act, AS 45.50.010 -.205.
Call or email us today for a complementary initial consultation involving property matters. You can also sign up on our website at polarislawgroupak.com.
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University of Hull
'Concerning' rise in suicidal messages from Hull University students
The Facebook confessions page allows anonymous submissions
Gregory FordReporter
The team behind the page said they were concerned by the number of messages on the topic that had received
A University of Hull confessions page has reported a worrying rise in the number of people contacting them to disclose thoughts of suicide as exam season rolls around.
Hullverheard describes itself as a place for Hull students to anonymously confess grudges, deepest secrets and any other occurrences in Hull.
There are over 100 similar Facebook pages in the UK all linked to universities and run through umbrella company Uni-Truths, although intended as a primarily comic page for light relief the tone of confessions has erred into more serious territory in recent years.
Back in 2019 concerns had been raised about the number of posts talking about suicide on a similar page linked to a London university.
For the latest Hull Live headlines direct to your inbox, click here.
The page has pleaded with students to seek help either within the university or from outside the institution
Now the Hull-based page has spoken out and pleaded with with those struggling to maintain their mental health to access help as soon as possible.
They wrote on Facebook: "Content Warning: Discussion of submissions related to Suicide, if you feel that you may be triggered by this post, please do not continue to read.
"In the last few days, we've received a number of concerning submissions from users detailing that they wish to, intend to or have recently attempted to take their own life.
"The specifics regarding these posts will not be discussed but as it's examination season it's important that we're discussing mental health and that we're working collectively to make sure that no one feels that suicide is the only way for them to escape whatever immense pain that they must be in right now.
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"It should also be a collective goal that people are able to discuss how they're feeling openly and without prejudice.
"This is especially true during times where students are under intense pressure, such as the moment with finals and exams underway as they take a huge toll on people's mental health.
"Whilst yes, your deadlines are important, your mental health is even more so important and don't let anyone tell you otherwise.
"For those of you who are struggling, you're not alone. That may be said often, but it's true. Believe it or not most of us are struggling in similar ways or maybe in different ways, but believe us when we say that you're not alone in how you're feeling and how you feel right now is completely valid.
"If you do feel that you'd benefit from speaking to someone, there's some links to organisations that you can speak to below or if you just need a friend or someone to speak to when it's all become too much, all the confession page DMs are open 24 hours a day so come chat with us, we don't bite!"
The team at Hullverheard suggested the following resources for anyone in need of help:
Samaritans UK - 116 123 (Phone) or [email protected] (email)
Shout (Shout is free to use in the UK with all major network providers)- Text 'SHOUT' to 85258
NHS - 01482 301701 or www.humber.nhs.uk/.../making-a-referral-to-the...
Let's Talk Hull - www.letstalkhull.co.uk/pages/make-a-referral or 01482 247111
QWell - www.qwell.io/
Self Referral to the Universities Wellbeing team - myjourney.hull.ac.uk/report-a-concern
The Warren Project - www.thewarren.org/
Andy Man's Club in Hull - www.facebook.com/Hullandysmanclub, you can find more details about them on their website andysmanclub.co.uk/
The team said: "There's also other services such as the new wellbeing and information centre at the Humber Bridge being run by staff from the charity MIND and many others.
"Your mental health and your wellbeing are paramount, even during exam season so please look after and be kind to yourself. Wishing you all the best, The Hullverheard Team."
A University of Hull spokesperson said: "At the University, we have a range of support services available to our students – this includes support around mental health and wellbeing.
"We know the last year, in particular, has been an incredibly difficult time for many. We would therefore like to remind students that our Student Support team can be contacted either via phone, on 01482 462222, or online using the MyHull Portal.
"There are also a variety of external providers of support, including the Mental Health Response Service (01482 301701), Samaritans (116 123) and Shout (text 85258).
"We would urge any student who is in need of support, or someone to talk to, to please get in touch with the University. We are here to help, in whatever way we can."
Peter Levy condemns 'disgraceful' vandalism at Victoria Dock
Another set of Hull roadwords lasting four weeks to begin next week | {
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Nashville, TN (Haysboro / Maplewood)
Haysboro / Maplewood
About Nashville, TN (Haysboro / Maplewood)
Haysboro / Maplewood median real estate price is $434,923, which is more expensive than 91.0% of the neighborhoods in Tennessee and 73.0% of the neighborhoods in the U.S.
The average rental price in Haysboro / Maplewood is currently $2,081, based on NeighborhoodScout's exclusive analysis. The average rental cost in this neighborhood is higher than 91.3% of the neighborhoods in Tennessee.
Haysboro / Maplewood is a suburban neighborhood (based on population density) located in Nashville, Tennessee.
Haysboro / Maplewood real estate is primarily made up of medium sized (three or four bedroom) to small (studio to two bedroom) single-family homes and small apartment buildings. Most of the residential real estate is owner occupied. Many of the residences in the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood are older, well-established, built between 1940 and 1969. A number of residences were also built before 1940.
Real estate vacancies in Haysboro / Maplewood are 4.9%, which is lower than one will find in 74.6% of American neighborhoods. Demand for real estate in Haysboro / Maplewood is above average for the U.S., and may signal some demand for either price increases or new construction of residential product for this neighborhood.
When you see a neighborhood for the first time, the most important thing is often the way it looks, like its homes and its setting. Some places look the same, but they only reveal their true character after living in them for a while because they contain a unique mix of occupational or cultural groups. This neighborhood is very unique in some important ways, according to NeighborhoodScout's exclusive exploration and analysis.
Notable & Unique: Modes of Transportation
A unique way of commuting is simply not to. And in the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood, analysis shows that 14.5% of the residents work from home, avoiding a commute altogether. This may not seem like a large number, but it is a higher proportion of people working from home than is found in 97.2% of the neighborhoods in the United States. One thing NeighborhoodScout's research reveals is that the wealthier and/or more isolated the neighborhood, the greater the proportion of residents who choose to work from home.
If you are an executive or professional seeking a neighborhood affording an executive lifestyle, or just wanting to find where other executives live in the area, the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood should be on your list. It has an enviable mix of spacious homes, relatively stable real estate values, and residents that include a number of wealthy executives, managers, and professionals. NeighborhoodScout's exclusive analysis places it as one of the top 11.2% executive lifestyle neighborhoods in the state of Tennessee. In addition to being an excellent choice for highly educated executives, this neighborhood is also a very good choice for urban sophisticates.
Did you know that the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood has more Scots-Irish and Scottish ancestry people living in it than nearly any neighborhood in America? It's true! In fact, 4.2% of this neighborhood's residents have Scots-Irish ancestry and 5.5% have Scottish ancestry.
Haysboro / Maplewood is also pretty special linguistically. Significantly, 1.7% of its residents five years old and above primarily speak Greek at home. While this may seem like a small percentage, it is higher than 98.6% of the neighborhoods in America.
The neighbors in the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood in Nashville are upper-middle income, making it an above average income neighborhood. NeighborhoodScout's exclusive analysis reveals that this neighborhood has a higher income than 78.1% of the neighborhoods in America. In addition, 5.8% of the children seventeen and under living in this neighborhood are living below the federal poverty line, which is a lower rate of childhood poverty than is found in 69.3% of America's neighborhoods.
The old saying "you are what you eat" is true. But it is also true that you are what you do for a living. The types of occupations your neighbors have shape their character, and together as a group, their collective occupations shape the culture of a place.
In the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood, 49.1% of the working population is employed in executive, management, and professional occupations. The second most important occupational group in this neighborhood is sales and service jobs, from major sales accounts, to working in fast food restaurants, with 20.4% of the residents employed. Other residents here are employed in manufacturing and laborer occupations (18.3%), and 12.2% in clerical, assistant, and tech support occupations.
The languages spoken by people in this neighborhood are diverse. These are tabulated as the languages people preferentially speak when they are at home with their families. The most common language spoken in the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood is English, spoken by 96.7% of households. Other important languages spoken here include Italian and Polish.
In the Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood in Nashville, TN, residents most commonly identify their ethnicity or ancestry as German (14.7%). There are also a number of people of English ancestry (12.5%), and residents who report Irish roots (11.4%), and some of the residents are also of Scottish ancestry (5.5%), along with some French ancestry residents (5.4%), among others.
How you get to work – car, bus, train or other means – and how much of your day it takes to do so is a large quality of life and financial issue. Especially with gasoline prices rising and expected to continue doing so, the length and means of one's commute can be a financial burden. Some neighborhoods are physically located so that many residents have to drive in their own car, others are set up so many walk to work, or can take a train, bus, or bike. The greatest number of commuters in Haysboro / Maplewood neighborhood spend between 15 and 30 minutes commuting one-way to work (39.0% of working residents), which is shorter than the time spent commuting to work for most Americans.
AGE OF Nashville, TN (Haysboro / Maplewood) HOMES
TYPE OF Nashville, TN (Haysboro / Maplewood) HOMES
SIZE OF Nashville, TN (Haysboro / Maplewood) HOMES
Employment Industries in Haysboro / Maplewood
in Haysboro / Maplewood
in Tennessee
Nashville VIOLENT CRIMES
Nashville Property CRIMES
Quality Rating Compared to TN*
Hattie Cotton Elementary School
1033 West Greenwood Ave
Dan Mills Elementary School
4106 Kennedy Ave
Gra-Mar Middle School
575 Joyce Ln
Isaac Litton Middle School
4601 Hedgewood Dr
Maplewood High School
401 Walton Ln
Stratford Stem Magnet School
1800 Stratford Ave
District Quality Compared to Tennessee
Better than of TN school districts.
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro, TN Metro Area regional investment potential
Housing Affordability Trends: Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro, TN Metro Area
Popular real estate near Haysboro / Maplewood
Nashville, TN (Aquinas College / West End Ave)
Nashville, TN (Belmont Blvd / Ashwood Ave)
Nashville, TN (Charlotte Ave / 46th Ave N)
Nashville, TN (Eastland Ave / N 16th St)
Nashville, TN (Franklin Pike / Kirkwood Ave)
Nashville, TN (Green Hills)
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Oak Hill, TN (City Center)
Oak Hill, TN (Franklin Pike / Morriswood Dr)
87% Match ‐ Nashville, TN (Dalewood)
86% Match ‐ Nashville, TN (Inglewood)
85% Match ‐ Nashville, TN (Porter Rd / Preston Dr)
83% Match ‐ Nashville, TN (Donelson / Merry Oaks)
82% Match ‐ Nashville, TN (Eastland Ave / N 16th St) | {
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Social Media Marketing - Tips for a Successful Facebook Fanpage
In our first post in the series, we'll be talking about Facebook Fanpages. Several brands come to mind when thinking of super successful fan pages. These include: Starbucks, Victoria's Secret PINK, and Coca Cola to name a few. How did these fan pages become so popular? The fact that these brands are already widely known and extremely popular is just one of the reasons, but there are many tips and tricks that can be applied to a fanpage to set it apart from the rest. Here are 10 easy steps that can be used to grow the popularity of a Facebook Fanpage.
1. Target Demographic
Target the demographic most prominent on Facebook in terms of brand or product.
2. Connect multiple social platforms
Connect page to brand website, Twitter or YouTube accounts. This helps fans experience the brand beyond the fanpage and engages the user in multiple ways.
In the welcome page, provide an overview of what can be offered to people who "like" the page.
4. Create Custom Tabs and Boxes
This will set brand page apart from the others. It will create the look and feel of the brand page. This helps to keep the brand identity constant, thus fans will have an easier time recognizing it beyond the brand website.
One way to create custom tabs and boxes is by using the static FBML application on Facebook. Basically this application allows for advanced functionality to page. The app will add a box to the page in which HTML can be rendered for enhanced page customization. Promotional text and graphics can be added that allow for easy navigation through the fanpage give it the brands look and feel. This app also allows for the creation of the previously mentioned custom tabs and boxes. You can also create custom links that are useful to the fanpage and brand. These links can be created so that when clicked, they connect directly to the brand or company website.
5. Testimonial Page
Draws attention and exemplifies product usage and allows for customer feedback; a huge selling point for some people.
Add extra info and buttons to enhance the visibility of the contact box. The addition of other social media buttons also helps in user navigation beyond Facebook.
7. Engage fans with fun activities and contests. Ask for feedback and always inform and entertain fans.
8. Provide fun and varied content
Provide articles about the company or brand, how the product works and simple tag lines.
9. Status updates
Update status daily. Don't overdo it! Once a day is sufficient.
Always share something new.
Don't always try to plug buying the product, or buying into the brand.
10. Exclusive information (secret area)
By creating an area that is privy to only those who "like" the page, you can provide exclusive information. This will entice users to become fans of the brand and give them something extra. Here you can provide newsletters, tips and tricks, videos or free giveaway information.
It's Time to Phone Home
How to Make Your Website Better in 10 Steps.
5 Ways to Simplify Your Online Marketing.
7 Digital Marketing Trends For Your Business.
Happy Birthday To Brunello!
Content Marketing and Search after Hummingbird
Content Marketing Challenges and Easy Solutions
How to Use Typekit For Dynamic Font Replacement
5 Content Ideas Proven to Engage Audiences | {
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TV ShowsVikings
Release My Heart
By: Carrot Top
-IN PROGRESS AGAIN- The seeress told Signe she was destined for great things. She would raid and see the world. She would fall in love with a warrior and have many children. When she fell in love with Bjorn Ragnarsson, she was certain he was the one she was meant to experience these things with. But then she went to Kattegat, where she met Torstein. And soon everything changed.
Rated: Fiction T - English - Romance/Drama - [Torstein, OC] Bjorn - Chapters: 21 - Words: 241,407 - Reviews: 299 - Favs: 251 - Follows: 332 - Updated: 12/30/2018 - Published: 5/19/2014 - Status: Complete - id: 10361526
1. Prologue2. Chapter One3. Chapter Two4. Chapter Three5. Chapter Four6. Chapter Five7. Chapter Six8. Chapter Seven9. Chapter Eight10. Chapter Nine11. Chapter Ten12. Chapter Eleven13. Chapter Twelve14. Chapter Thirteen15. Chapter Fourteen16. Chapter Fifteen17. Chapter Sixteen18. Chapter Seventeen19. Chapter Eighteen20. Chapter Nineteen21. Chapter Twenty
I'm pretty sure I'm biting off more than I can chew by doing this, but this story has been nagging at me for a few months now, especially so in the past week, and I just couldn't resist it any longer. So I thought I'd at least put this out into the world and see what sort of response it got. If I feel like enough people are interested, I will definitely continue it. This originally started out as a Bjorn/OC story in my head, but, over time, slowly morphed into a Torstein/OC story, with a bit of Torstein/OC/Bjorn as a side-dish. I still don't really know how that happened, but I've always liked Torstein's character...so maybe this happened because I've been wishing they'd develop him more? Who knows! I'm just gonna roll with it! Certainly I'm not the only Torstein lover out there, right?
Anywho, if you watch the show then you know how graphic it can be. The story is rated T mostly for violence, but the rating may be upped in future chapters depending on how the story goes. Oh, and about the accent…I thought about trying to write it in, but worried it'd get too confusing to read. But I figure that if you watch the show, then you'll probably hear the accent in your head anyway. I'll try to throw in a bit of it, though, just for giggles. Try not to judge me too hard for my lame attempts!
Enjoy! And if you like what you read and want me to continue, don't be shy! It's in your hands now!
P.S. The pronunciation for our leading lady's name is 'Sing-neh' (almost a 'nay' sound at the end, but not quite).
Disclaimer: I own nothing related to Vikings.
Hedeby - 793
The seeress lived in a small hut-like home near the center of Hedeby, close to the market square so that any who wished to speak with her would have no trouble finding her. The hut was small, just big enough for one person to live comfortably, but gave off a distinctly eerie and intimidating aura in spite of its size. It was rather expected – rather fitting – given it was the mysterious, all-knowing Völva who lived inside.
An auburn-haired girl of thirteen lingered in front of the hut now, her bright blue eyes shooting to the closed door of the home every few seconds or so. She was not contemplating going inside, no, for she was much too nervous and much too frightened of the seeress to dare step one foot inside the strange woman's home. She was instead waiting for her older brother, Hallsteinn, who had disappeared inside some time ago.
With a sigh, Signe crossed her arms over her chest and kicked at the dirt while villagers around her went about daily life, wishing Hallsteinn would hurry up. She could not fault him for wanting to know what lie in his future, but could he have not done this when they didn't have business to tend to? If their father learned that they had been paying visits to the seeress instead of purchasing supplies from the market as they had been instructed, they would most certainly find themselves in trouble for it. At the moment he was meeting with Earl Sigvard, but when he was finished, he would expect to find her and Hallsteinn waiting for him. If they did not hurry, their father would be finished with his meeting before they returned.
As if he had heard her silent pleading, the door to the Völva's hut opened and Hallsteinn stepped out, lowering his head so that he would not hit it on the frame. He was only three years older than herself, but he looked much older with his newly grown facial hair and muscular, ever-growing frame – it was the fierce, overzealous burn of youth in his eyes that truly gave his age away.
"Finally," Signe said with a relieved sigh as Hallsteinn closed the door behind him, already taking two steps away from the hut. In the brief moment that the door had been open, she was certain she had felt the seeress' eyes on her. "Did you hear all that you vanted to?" She asked, a bit curious to know what had been said in spite of herself.
Hallsteinn immediately smirked and puffed his chest out "Oh, yes," he confirmed with a nod, though he did not continue on to tell her anything that the seeress had told him. Not that he really needed to, anyway.
It was no secret that Hallsteinn had great aspirations for himself. He wanted glory, he wanted to be a warrior. He wanted to win battles and kill enemies – and now that Ragnar Lothbrok of Kattegat had paved the way to the west, he wanted to bring honor to his name and to their family by exploring the foreign lands on the other side of the sea. Signe did not doubt that he would get exactly what he wanted, too. He was the most driven, determined person she had ever met – he would go on to do great things, that much she was certain of.
Signe understood his aspirations because she wanted many of the same things. As Signe continued to grow older, her curiosity about the outside world grew as well. She too wanted to know what lay beyond the borders of their home, had felt that same spark of interest when they heard about the Northmen from Kattegat travelling west. And after being raised by her warrior father and shieldmaiden mother, it was no surprise that Signe wished to be a shieldmaiden as well. It was, after all, in her blood. Luckily for her (or perhaps unluckily, she hadn't decided yet), she had four older brothers who were all too happy to spar with her and teach her how to fight like a 'true shieldmaiden'. They never went easy on her either, claiming it was to help her learn faster.
Signe thought they were lying, of course. She was fairly certain they were taking advantage of the fact that they could rough her up without getting yelled at for it and were extra tough on her for their own amusement.
"Did you vant to speak with her, sister?" Hallsteinn suddenly asked, gesturing to the hut with raised brows.
Signe's eyes widened and flew to the closed door. Her knee-jerk reaction was to say no and run as far away as she could. But, in a way, there was a small part of her that was curious to know what she would be told if she did sit down with the seeress. Then again, did people her age even talk to the Völva? Would the seeress wish to speak with someone as young as she? And even if she did, what if Signe was told something bad? What if she discovered that her future was grim and full of pain?
Signe started to tell Hallsteinn that she was not ready to see the seeress and beg him to come away from the hut, but before she could get the words out, the door suddenly flew open. Both Signe and Hallsteinn froze as the Völva appeared in the doorway, draped in black and bringing with her the scent of incense and spices and a tiny hint of something foul, perhaps an animal that had been killed for food or as a sacrifice to the Gods. She had long, dark hair that nearly brushed her knees, dark, unnervingly perceptive eyes, and skin so fair she might have blended in with the winter snow had it not been for the black on her – next to the dark make-up around her eyes and on her lips, and the dark tattoos adorning nearly every inch of her, her skin looked positively translucent.
The hairs on the back of Signe's neck stood on end as she locked eyes with the seeress, who was now ignoring Hallsteinn and staring directly at her.
"Come, girl," the seeress commanded, extending a long, skinny arm and beckoning Signe into the hut with a crook of her boney finger.
Signe gaped at the woman before her eyes flew to Hallsteinn in uncertainty. Should she do as she was being told? Should she go inside? Hallsteinn seemed just as surprised by the woman's command as she, but he recovered enough to nod in encouragement, silently telling her to do what the Völva had said. With a deep intake of breath, Signe located her courage and finally stepped forward, briefly meeting the seeress' gaze when she passed by.
Signe paused just inside to peer around the Völva's hut, every muscle in her body tense with apprehension. It was dark and smoky inside, with several strange looking trinkets hanging from the ceiling. On a table to the left sat several vials and jars, some filled with plants and herbs, others filled with things she'd rather not try to identify. On a table to the right lay a pelt that looked as though it had only just been taken from a dead wolf – Signe determined that this was the source of the smell of death that lingered in the air.
She quickly turned her eyes away from the wolf pelt when the seeress shut the door, enclosing them in the privacy of the small hut so that they were protected from the prying eyes and ears of the outside world. Singe froze and felt her heart jump when the woman brushed past her, coming so close that she could feel the woman's hair and clothes gliding against the skin of her hand. But the seeress either didn't notice or simply chose not to acknowledge Signe's obvious discomfort. She merely eased into one of the chairs with a surprising amount of grace, her eyes trained on Signe again now that they were facing one another.
"Sit," the Völva instructed.
Signe slowly sank into the chair opposite of the dark-haired woman, nervous but trying hard to put on a brave face. Though the seeress seemed relaxed enough, Signe sat stiffly in her chair, her back board straight and her hands clasped together tightly in her lap. The fire burning in the hearth cracked and nearly made her jump – she was very proud of herself when she managed not to.
For a long few minutes there was nothing but silence. Finally, the seeress offered a long, wry smile and raised her chin some. "Do you wish to ask me something?" She prompted slowly, her voice steady and calm.
Signe pressed her lips together and gulped. She knew that visiting the seeress was common – her father, her mother, and nearly all of her brothers had gone to see her at one point or another – but she still didn't really know how this conversation was supposed to proceed. What was she supposed to ask about? Could she ask about anything? And did it make a difference that she had not come to the Völva by choice, but rather because she had been told to?
Signe finally decided to ask the first question that came to mind. "Why did you vant to speak with me?"
Another wry smile. "Because you vanted to speak with me," she answered mysteriously, making Signe blink in confusion. "The Gods told me you did," she added to explain her cryptic response, her expression turning a bit more serious now. "They have interesting things to say about you, girl." The Völva drew out the word 'interesting', so much so that it almost sounded like she sang the word.
Quite suddenly, Signe forgot to feel nervous or apprehensive in front of the strange woman. She was filled with curiosity, a sudden burning desire to know what the Gods had said and what they had in store for her. "What do they say?" She asked eagerly, leaning forward a bit in her growing interest.
"Many things," the Völva answered vaguely, urging Signe with her eyes to ask the right questions.
Signe, trying hard not to feel impatient with the seeress for being so enigmatic, gnawed on her lip for a moment. "Do they speak of my destiny?" She finally asked, her tone taking on more confidence. "Will I be like my mother, Gunnhild? Will I be a shieldmaiden?"
The seeress smiled knowingly now. "Oh yes," she answered. "You will fight in many battles, some of which will be fought alongside your brothers," she then revealed. "And like your mother before you, many will die by your blade – both men and women, enemies and…not." The Völva paused for a moment. "All of this I have foreseen."
Signe's heart thumped wildly in her chest now, but this time it was with rapidly growing excitement. Though hearing that she would kill people who were not her enemies sat strangely with her – did this mean she would kill friends? Innocents? Who? – to learn that she would be a fighter someday and that she would join her brothers in battle was still thrilling. She wondered if she told her father whether he would be proud or not to know that she would follow her mother's footsteps – or if her mother in Valhalla was proud to know what she would grow to be.
"But I see more than just war and bloodshed in your future, Signe," the seeress continued, ripping Signe from her thoughts. It probably shouldn't have been a surprise to learn that the seeress knew her name without Signe telling her, but it still did. "You will know love. You will marry a man as great a warrior as he is a lover. You will have sons and daughters who will grow to be fearsome warriors. Who will go on to rewrite history…" The seeress paused, but Signe didn't dare utter even a single syllable. She knew by the look on the Völva's face that she had more to say. "But it will not come without a price," the woman finally continued, her words immediately making an ominous feeling settle over the hut.
Signe thought that over for a moment, then looked to the seeress with furrowed brows. "Do you mean I must lose something to get all these things?" She asked, gesturing with her hand as though indicting to the things the seeress had just listed off.
"Perhaps," the seeress offered, neither confirming nor denying whether Signe had deciphered her words correctly. "I see many difficult lessons in your future, both in the ways of life and in the ways of love. Yes, you will know happiness…but you will know sadness and suffering and loss first." Signe must have had a despaired look on her face, because the seeress continued. "Do not fear, girl. I see a strength in you. Young though you may be in years, in mind and spirit you are not. The challenges you will face will be hard and they will test you, but they will not destroy you."
Signe leaned back in her chair, overwhelmed by all that she was hearing. To some extent, this telling of her future seemed promising – she would marry and have children and become a shieldmaiden, things she had always wanted. But to know that she would have to feel pain and suffering before she could find her happiness left her with an uneasy feeling in her stomach. She had known pain and suffering already – her mother had died from a plague outbreak three years ago and it had almost destroyed her young, fragile soul. She could not imagine facing such a painful thing again. She did not want to face such a thing again.
Signe started to ask the Völva more questions, wanting more insight as to what she would be facing and curious to know if she would ever sail west, but the seeress quickly held up a hand to silence her. "That is all the Gods wish me to tell you today, young Signe."
Signe pressed her lips together, trying not to feel irritated or disgruntled. It felt like such a tease for the seeress to tell her so much, yet also tell her so little. There were still so many questions left unanswered, so many things left unsaid. Would the seeress truly leave her to fret and ponder over such maddeningly little information? Was this something she did to everyone?
"I have but one more question to ask," Signe said slowly, carefully, hoping she would not offend or overstep her boundaries. The woman across from her was silent for a long few moments, before she finally nodded once in consent. "When vill all of this happen?"
There was another long pause before the seeress slowly leaned forward and extended her hand to Signe, palm facing upward. "When the son returns to the father," she said slowly, almost as though she were making a prophecy, "that is when your journey shall begin."
It was clear from the woman's tone that their conversation was officially over. Signe, beyond confused now and thinking it probably would have been better to not ask, looked to the woman's palm with uncertainty. She expected something from her, that much was obvious, but Signe wasn't sure what. She wracked her brain for a moment, trying to recall anything her family members had said about their meeting with the Völva, then remembered the time she'd overheard her oldest brother, Valborg, telling Hallsteinn how he had to lick the woman's palm in departure. Some kind of…payment, or something of that sort.
Trying not to show any disgust, Signe tentatively leaned forward and ran the tip of her tongue along the woman's hand from fingertip to heel, mindful of the fact that the seeress watched her every move. She tried not to think where this woman's hand had been or what it had done, and diligently ignored any tastes that sprung up on her tongue. When she was done, the woman closed her hand into a fist as though trying to capture Signe's saliva and smiled in a disturbing way. In response, Signe quickly got to her feet and rushed back out the hut as though the place were on fire.
Hallsteinn had been leaning against the side of the hut, but straightened up when she reemerged. He took one look at her, glanced at the door, then raised his brows at her. "Did you hear all that you vanted to?" He asked, echoing her words from before.
Signe worried her bottom lip and wrung her hands together. "I am…not sure," she finally admitted.
Hallsteinn just smiled, placed a hand on her shoulder, then pulled her into his side in a comforting gesture. "Do not worry yourself, sister," he said reassuringly, squeezing her shoulder, "It is always scariest the first time."
Signe offered a half-hearted smile in response, grateful her brother was trying to make her feel better but too confused from her conversation with the Völva to take much comfort in his words.
"Come," Hallsteinn said, patting her shoulder, "let us go meet with father."
And after Signe nodded in agreement, too preoccupied with her own thoughts to respond, he led her away from the Völva's house.
For days, weeks, months after that meeting with the seeress, Signe pondered over the woman's answer to her last question. When the son returns to the father, that is when your journey shall begin. The words were so vague that she truly could have been referring to anyone. Signe nearly drove herself to madness trying to decipher the cryptic message, too. Had she been speaking of the Gods and their sons? Had she been speaking about Signe's own brothers? Who was this son that would return to his father? And how would it affect Signe's life?
For so long these questions went unanswered that, eventually, Signe all but gave up trying to figure out what the woman had been trying to tell her. Though she never forgot it completely, she pushed the conversation to the back of her mind and went about life as normal, deciding that all would reveal itself in due time. As she grew older she took her mother's place as the woman of the house, seeing to the cooking, the cleaning, and tending to the men. She learned how to fight and honed her skills with her brothers any chance she got, helped in the fields when they needed extra hands, became stronger and smarter and wiser. And, as always, she paid homage to the Gods for the good life and good fortune they had bestowed upon her and her family, for they rarely hurt for food and led relatively happy, peaceful lives.
But she never returned to the Völva's hut, nor did she go anywhere near the seeress herself if she could avoid it, though she often felt the woman's eyes on her whenever they wound up in the same place at the same time.
Then, one day, nearly three years after that strange conversation with the mysterious woman who spoke to the Gods, it happened. He arrived in Hedeby. 'He' being Bjorn Ragnarsson, the first son of the great Ragnar Lothbrok, Earl of Kattegat and explorer of the west. And though it would be a few more years yet before she realized it, the moment he walked into Signe's life and became her friend was the day that all of the seeress' predictions started to come true, and all of her questions started to find answers… | {
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Corey Taylor Reveals Lyrical Themes for Next SLIPKNOT Album
January 31st, 2019 Metalkult
Slipknot is in the midst of recording their new album, with the anticipated release sometime this summer.
With that, it's pretty surprising that Taylor is making himself available for interviews. Last week, he spoke about how he prefers working with producer Greg Fidelman over a big name like Rick Rubin, and this week, he spoke with Music Week about the lyrical inspirations for the new album.
"I can't go into it too much because it deals with a lot of my personal life, but the last few years have been really tough for me," he said. "With the exception of my kids and my bands, it's been a dark time for me. I didn't relapse or anything, but it was just the depression that I was dealing with and the anger that I was dealing with that was consuming me. I had to get myself out of that situation, and now the lyrics I'm writing for the SLIPKNOT album are all about that period of time, basically the last five years of my life just trying to get my head around everything, and moving towards the happiness I remember."
A pissed off Taylor usually leads to the best type of Slipknot lyrics. Asked if he had any set ways of writing his lyrics, Taylor responded:
"My mind is so fucking all over the place, it's not even funny half the time. For me, the quest has always been the perfect lyric, that perfect turn of phrase, that perfect set of stanzas to sit there and read over and over and be so delighted and tickled that you wrote them and so proud. You know, I've come close a handful of times, but I don't think I've written the perfect thing yet, but that's why I keep going for it, I keep chasing that. That's one of the reasons why I also try to write in so many different genres. I never pigeonhole myself into just rock and metal. I've branched out, I've done stuff here and there with other bands and genres, to put my ego in the backseat and sing other people's lyrics and try to find meaning for myself in those lyrics."
In previous interviews Taylor has called the new album ""one of the darkest chapters in Slipknot's history — it's that good."
There's a reason the new Slipknot album is among our most anticipated for 2019.
So far, Slipknot have released one song from the new album, "All Out Life."
Posted in News, Slipknot Tags: new music, slipknot
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Selina Falcon
Book Review: Love Somebody by Rachel Roasek
Posted bySelina Falcon January 13, 2022 Posted inBook Review, Books, reviewTags:book blog, book blogger, Book Review, Books, love somebody, rachel roasek, review, romance
Hello friends! Coming at you today, I have a review of "Love Somebody" by Rachel Roasek, which is out now!
A digital ARC of "Love Somebody" was provided to me by Macmillan via NetGalley. All thoughts and opinions are my own. Read on to check out the official synopsis, my review, and a bit about the author!
Sam Dickson is a charismatic actress, ambitious and popular with big plans for her future. Ros Shew is one of the smartest people in school–but she's a loner, and prefers to keep it that way. Then there's Christian Powell, the darling of the high school soccer team. He's not the best with communication, which is why he and Sam broke up after dating for six months; but he makes up for it by being genuine, effusive, and kind, which is why they're still best friends.
When Christian falls for Ros on first sight, their first interaction is a disaster, so he enlists Sam's help to get through to her. Sam, with motives of her own, agrees to coach Christian from the sidelines on how to soften Ros's notorious walls. But as Ros starts to suspect Christian is acting differently, and Sam starts to realize the complexity of her own feelings, their fragile relationships threaten to fall apart.
This fresh romantic comedy from debut author Rachel Roasek is a heartfelt story about falling in love–with a partner, with your friends, or just with yourself–and about how maybe, the bravest thing to do in the face of change is just love somebody.
"Love Somebody" by Rachel Roasek is a novel that could have easily veered into too-messy-to-come-back-from territory, but I'm pleased to say was exceptionally written and crafted. It is such a heartfelt book with a focus on love (romantic, platonic, familial), identify, connection, and family.
What most impressed me throughout the entire book was the clear distinction between the three POVs we get from Sam, Christian, and Ros. Sometimes I find books with more than one POV can become muddled as far as the voices of the characters, but it was very clear who I was reading every time it switched over to a new POV. Each character has such a unique voice and I think Rachel Roasek did a really amazing job knowing her characters and making their voices so distinct.
I also was super impressed by the conflict Rachel introduced and how she handled it. One of the big conflicts and themes is catfishing. Sam does it for fun as an acting practice, and then she and Christian essentially catfish Ros for a very long time. It's all a recipe for disaster, and disaster definitely does happen, but the way it was handled both made it clear that catfishing is wrong, and our characters go on a personal journey of owning up to their mistakes. I think for the age that these three are, Rachel gave them appropriate realizations and consequences.
As far as Sam, Christian, and Ros go, they all individually surprised me. They each have frustrating beginnings in the book and are probably the worst versions of themselves because they've yet to have the experiences that change them into who they become. They each individually go on self-discovery journeys while becoming a part of each other's lives and it was something so exciting to read. I was rooting for them with every single page and by the end of the book, I was so proud of who each of them had and were continuing to become.
It's been a minute since I've so quickly fallen in love with a contemporary YA. "Love Somebody" was so refreshing and I'm so excited to see more from Rachel in the future.
★★★★☆ (4/5 stars)
Photo Credit: Kadan Walheim
Rachel Roasek received her BA from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro in 2017, with a degree in Drama and two minors in Sign Language and Anthropology. When not coming up with fictional worlds, she works as both a voice actor and stage technician. She currently lives in Raleigh with a few dying plants and her dog, Lupe.
Published by Selina Falcon
Reader. Writer. Live music addict. View more posts
Book Review: Bad Luck Bridesmaid by Alison Rose Greenberg
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New Districts
Christian Schlect // January 3, 2012
● Reapportionment for federal elections based on the 2010 census will have its greatest impact in the Pacific Northwest within Washington State. Neither Idaho nor Oregon picked up a new congressional seat due to population growth, while Washington did. A new 10th District requires its own territory, which forces the existing nine districts in Washington into new political configurations.
A final plan for the 2012 election boundaries was voted on New Year's Day by the Washington State Redistricting Commission: this plan now goes to the legislature in Olympia, which is expected to accept it. What does this mean for the tree fruit industry?
Currently almost all tree fruit production is concentrated in the 4th and 5th Districts, now held respectively by Representatives Doc Hastings (R) and Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R). Under the new plan, tree fruit production will be primarily in the 4th District, with significant production in an expanded 8th, which will spill over the Cascade Range and is now held by Representative Dave Reichert (R). Orchardists in the area of the Columbia Gorge from Goldendale to Vancouver will find themselves in the 3rd, now held by Representative Jamie Herrera Beutler (R). Few plantings will remain in the redrawn 5th, which will be formed by Spokane and the wheat lands and cattle ranges abutting Idaho.
In terms of some specific locations of importance to our industry, Yakima, the Tri-Cities, Brewster, and Tonasket will be in the 4th, while Wenatchee and Chelan will be in the 8th. White Salmon will be in the 3rd and Walla Walla will be in the 5th.
POLITICAL FRUIT: "If Paul pulls this off, is it evidence of passion for a candidate and his ideas, or disenchantment with both political parties and a sign that voters are so frustrated they're willing to upset the apple cart?" Jennifer Jacobs, The Des Moines Register, January 3, 2012.
Christian Schlect2021-09-28T09:25:55-07:00January 3rd, 2012|Blogs, Christian Schlect, The Wind Machine|
About the Author: Christian Schlect
Christian Schlect is the President of the Northwest Horticultural Council. | {
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In Oregon, UConn women's basketball facing a similarly injury-riddled but potentially dangerous team
Police: Teen who overdosed on fentanyl at Hartford school has died
Hartford HealthCare has expanded across Connecticut, but anti-competitive lawsuit 'seems pretty novel,' analyst says
Connecticut physicians plead for pregnant people to get vaccinated as infections can cause miscarriages, complications
Daily coronavirus updates: Connecticut appears to be past COVID-19 peak, expert says, as hospitalizations and cases slowly drop
Gary Bimonte, the face of Pepe's Pizza for a generation, dies
By Christopher Arnott
Gary Bimonte cutting into one of his family's world-famous New Haven style pizzas at the grand opening of the Pepe's location in West Hartford. (Julie Stagis/[email protected])
Gary Bimonte, the face of Pepe's pizza restaurants for his generation of the nearly century-old New Haven pizza dynasty,died April 7 of a heart attack.
It was Bimonte's grandfather, Frank Pepe, who started the business on New Haven's Wooster Street in 1925. By the 1950s, Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana, which now regularly tops rankings of the country's best pizza, was such an institution that when half of Wooster Street was bulldozed to build a highway, the other half was spared largely due to the importance of the pizza restaurants there.
The New Haven Pepe's location announced that it would be closed all day Thursday to honor Bimonte's passing. A eulogy on the Pepe's website reads: "Gary was the pride and joy of the Pepe's family, and there are no words to express the immense void that his passing has left in our hearts. He truly loved and cherished our family's history, and he was so proud of the legacy that has carried through all these years.
New Haven mayor Justin Elicker issued this statement: "My condolences to the family of Gary Bimonte and the greater Pepe's family. They are an iconic institution not just in New Haven, but to the country. Their cultural contributions have a lasting impact on our nation's culinary history."
[Related] MLK Day celebration in West Hartford focuses on King's 'Strength to Love' »
Dean Falcone, a producer of the documentary "Pizza: A Love Story," directed by Gorman Bechard and released in 2019, first knew Bimonte when both were children and Bimonte's pizza restaurant in Hamden sponsored the Little League team Falcone played on. "He was such a warm person," Falcone says. "A big sweet teddy bear. If you asked for something, he would just say 'When?,' and 'How can I help?'
"He was one of many grandchildren, but he became pretty much the face of Pepe's. Any grand opening, he was there. He was so proud of his family's heritage, so proud of New Haven."
New Haven historian Colin Caplan, author of the 2018 book "Pizza in New Haven," proclaims that Bimonte was "one of the master pizza chefs of the world. He grew up at Pepe's with his mom. He lost his mother a few years ago and he never got over it. He was making pizzas his entire life. He made millions of them, he might say.
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The Pepe's business incorporated over a dozen years ago, Caplan explains, partly as way to distribute "the family recipes and accumulated wealth" among the grandchildren. There are currently 12 locations in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New York, including one in West Hartford that opened two years ago. "Gary became the outspoken spokesman of Pepe's," Caplan says. "He was the quality control guy for many years. He was the point person.
Gary Bimonte and boxer Tramaine Williams at a food event for schoolchildren set up by Taste of New Haven. Bimonte, of the Frank Pepe's pizza dynasty, died this week. (Colin Caplan)
"Frank Pepe provided his family with a pizza dynasty. Pepe's is known throughout the world. His family, and by proxy his grandchildren, are pizza royalty." The historian says that virtually every restaurant that bills itself as offering "New Haven pizza" can be traced back to Pepe's. Beyond that, "it kept Wooster Square strong. It was the glue for the Italian community in New Haven."
"Now Gary can rest in peace. Pepe's is still growing. His work and his legacy go on."
Christopher Arnott can be reached at [email protected]. | {
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The following history is from The History of Fannin County Texas Churches, compiled by The Fannin County Genealogical Society.
On December 31st, 1890, thirteen men and women of the Ridings community, eight miles north of Bonham, met to organize the Corinth Missionary Baptist Church. They were P. P. Ridings, Millie Ridings, F. B. Davis, Mary Davis, Come Davis, J. A. Moore, Tennie Moore, E. W. Ridings, S. D. R. Ridings, Jane Duckworth, Mary Whisenhunt, W. B. Fogle, and Sarah Fogle. A year later five more members were added. They were Jane Ridings, Julia Ridings, T. B. Henry, L. J. Stubbs, and Mrs. Texie Keeton.
According to a news article in 1950, Mrs. Keeton stated the group first had meetings in homes of the members. Later they met in a schoolhouse located near Sandy Creek Cemetery. The members built a log church near this site, but it is not known how long it was used. Around the turn of the century, a wooden church with a tall steeple was built on the grounds where the present church stands. The bell in the steeple could be heard for miles, calling worshipers to church and Sunday school. By 1909 the church roll listed 39 members. In 1935, after the yearly brush arbor revival, members were burning the dry brush. Sparks from the fire caught the church on fire and engulfed it within minutes. The only things salvaged were the pulpit, a few church pews, and the church piano. Fortunately, the church records were kept elsewhere, so they were saved.
While a new church sanctuary was being built on the site, members met at the nearby Ridings schoolhouse. In 1954 the first Sunday school rooms were built, and more were added in the early 1970's. A parsonage was built in 1962 next door to the church. Later it was moved across the road and another bedroom and bath were added. In 1989 a fellowship hall, nursery, kitchen and two bathrooms were built. The wooden sanctuary was torn down in 1993 and a new brick one was built on the original site.
There have been at least 46 pastors of Corinth Baptist Church, ("Missionary" was dropped from the name in the 1940's). According to church records Reverend J. L. Mays was the first pastor, followed by Reverend Frank B. Davis in 1891. Others include the Reverends W. L. Pearce, H. F. Jones, J. W. Weathers, R. W. Tarpley, W. F. Farmer, W. E. Davis, J. J. Gentry, C. M. Hundley, George Balch, Thomas Reece, W. L. Brumlow, J. E. Fender, B. F. Milam, Felix Robinson, Ryan Hancock, C. C. Hazelip, J. D Fleming, T, C. Bell, A. W. Henry, R. J. Simpson, Claude M. Austin, Hamson Johns, Ray Williams, Bill Cozart, Howard Clark, Jr., Ben W. Atkinson, Allen Hallrod, James L. Reece, Richard Hammonds, David McCollum, Gary McCool, Bob A. Reid, Allen O'Quinn, R. H. Sneed, Terry Farmer, Dan Logan, Stan Martin, David Wheeler, Steve Poe, Forrest Pollock, Michael Waters, Justin Chesser, Casey Ingold, and Mark Roath. The church is presently (2003) searching for a pastor.
Deacons of record are: E. W. Ridings, A. W. Henry, Bert Davis, Wyatt Lambert, Clarence Wisdom, Floyd Thornton, J O. Jackson, Buster Caldwell, Melvin Smithhart, Haynes Kueckelhan, Lloyd Reeves, Jeff Hamby, Norman Frazier, James Anderson, Marshall Tulles, David Brackett, Thomas McGuire, and Larry Nichols.
Many people have helped make the church a success through the years by their dedicated service as teachers, clerks, deacons, and workers. A few of these are Vera Joe Hyatt, Lena and Buster Caldwell, Nan and Pete Bethel, Kenneth and Lois Bethel, and Ruby Curry.
By Dorothy L. Taylor - Church Historian
Corinth Baptist Church
277 County Road 1150
Ravenna, Texas 75476 | {
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FSF campaign for Fair Away Ticket Prices
The Football Supporters' Federation (FSF) has launched their 'Twenty's Plenty' petition, which is aimed at demonstrating the strength of feeling surrounding the spiralling cost of watching football. The Twenty's Plenty for Away Tickets petition calls on clubs at all levels of the game to recognise and reward the dedication and contribution of travelling fans by agreeing an across-the-board maximum price of £20 for an away tickets (£15 for concessions).
Portsmouth Supporters Trust Triumph
Portsmouth Supporters Trust, are poised to become the biggest supporters owned club in a deal thought to be worth £3million. Pompey Supporters pledging 1,000 each has enabled the Trust to make the winning Bid.
Meanwhile The Coventry Supporters' Trust is also holding talks with the Administrators.
See all the latest news from Supporters Direct :
http://www.supporters-direct.org/homepage/news
Season Tickets Discounts End Soon
PUFC Season Ticket prices have been frozen now for the last 3 years, and in addition an early purchase discount has been applied for the last few weeks. This discount ends at the end of next week! so if you haven't already done it, Buy your season ticket Now! from 29 April 13 they will revert to normal prices.
Posh Policies praised by The Trust
Trust Chairman Barry Bennett attended the PUFC AGM on Monday 15 April, to represent the Posh Supporters' Trust who we believe to be the 2nd largest Shareholders of the football club, after Darragh's 99% holding. Barry congratulated Darragh for his business strategy of getting in young players from lower leagues, developing them and selling them on whilst at the same time being competitive on the pitch. This has been demonstrated with entertaining football, progression into the Championship and making a profit of £3.6m for the financial year May 2011 to May 2012.
Barry also congratulated Darragh and the board on the financial controls that are implemented to keep our club in a sustainable position whilst competing with big spending clubs that don't.
In the financial year May 2011 to May 2012 there was a big reduction in the football clubs debts:
The clubs overdraft has been halved from £2m to £1m. A £650,000 loan from Darragh personally has been paid in full, and loans from Darragh's company have been reduced by approx £2m. | {
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Joseph Fiennes to Play Michael Jackson in British TV Comedy
By Colin Stutz
Luca Teuchmann/Getty Images
Joseph Fiennes in October 2015
Joseph Fiennes has been cast to play Michael Jackson in a new British TV comedy, chronicling a fabled road trip that the King of Pop took with Elizabeth Taylor and Marlon Brando following the 9/11 terror attacks in 2001.
The one-off Sky Arts special will also star Stockard Channing as Taylor and Brian Cox as Brando, according to the Guardian.
Are More Michael Jackson Movies on the Way?
The unbelievable story of the three entertainment icons hitting the open road was based on a disputed report that was published by Vanity Fair in 2011, wherein they all rented a car and fled New York westward following the attacks. Unable to fly, they were hoping to make it home to California and made it as far as Ohio before catching a plane the rest of the way.
Fiennes is a white British actor best known for his role in 1998's Shakespeare in Love, as well as more recent roles in Hercules and American Horror Story.
UPDATE: The original article referred to the project as a TV movie when it is in fact a one-off, half-hour comedy.
Kelly Clarkson Performs Perfect Rendition of Fleetwood Mac's 'Dreams' | Billboard News | {
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← Game Preview: 2/6/16 at BOS
Post-Game Report: 2/9 vs. FLA →
Game Preview: 2/9/16 vs. FLA
Posted on February 8, 2016 by Ian Ott | Leave a comment
Buffalo 1 at Boston 2 (OT)
Goals: Reinhart
PP: 0/3; PK: 2/2; Shots: Boston 38 – Buffalo 38
Cody McCormick (blood clot, Oct. 8; injured reserve) – 53 games
Tyler Ennis (upper body, Dec. 31; injured reserve) – 16 games
Marcus Foligno (lower body, Feb. 6) – 1 game
2/3: Activated F Nicolas Deslauriers and F Sam Reinhart from IR
2/5: Recalled F Daniel Catenacci from Rochester (AHL)
Thursday, Feb. 11: Buffalo at Philadelphia, 7 p.m.
Friday, Feb. 12: Montreal at Buffalo, 7 p.m.
Sunday, Feb. 14: Colorado at Buffalo, 12:30 p.m.
Tuesday, Feb. 16: Buffalo at Ottawa, 7:30 p.m.
Friday, Feb. 19: Buffalo at Columbus, 7 p.m.
PANTHERS at SABRES
This is the fourth and final meeting between the Sabres and Panthers this season.
Last meeting: Florida defeated Buffalo, 5-1, in Buffalo on Jan. 5
The Sabres are 2-8-0 in their last 10 games vs. the Panthers; 3-6-1 at home.
This is the 88th game all-time between Buffalo and Florida; Buffalo has a 46-34-7 series record.
The Sabres are 25-15-4 at home against the Panthers all-time.
The Sabres are 8-4-4 all-time on February 9.
February 9, 1984: Gilbert Perreault records his 700th NHL assist in an 8-5 win vs. New Jersey.
After going 2-0-2 in their last four games, the Sabres are looking to gain a point in a fifth consecutive game tonight for the first time since the team compiled points in nine straight (7-0-2) from March 10 to 27, 2012.
Tonight's game is Buffalo's fifth consecutive game against an Atlantic Division opponent; the Sabres have gone 2-0-2 in the first four and are 7-10-3 against their divisional rivals this season.
Ryan O'Reilly has 11 points (5+6) in his last nine games against the Panthers.
David Legwand has 16 points (5+11) in 20 career games against Florida.
Entering play Monday, Evander Kane ranked third in the league with 4.1 shots per game.
Ryan O'Reilly (56.9%) ranked 10th in the league in faceoff percentage entering play Monday. O'Reilly leads the league with 1,347 faceoffs taken, accounting for 42.4% of Buffalo's total faceoffs.
ROBBIN' LEHNER
In his six games played since returning from a high ankle sprain that sidelined him for 39 games, Robin Lehner has logged a 2-3-1 record with a .940 save percentage and a 2.17 goals-against average.
Lehner has logged a save percentage of at least .943 in each of his last five games, stopping at least 33 shots in each appearance.
Lehner has allowed two goals or fewer in each of his last six road games, a stretch which dates back to a 35-save performance on Feb. 10, 2015 at Buffalo as a member of the Ottawa Senators.
LOGGING BIG MINUTES
Rasmus Ristolainen was ranked 10th in the NHL entering play Monday with an average ice time of 25:13 per game. Only Alexei Zhitnik (four times) has averaged more minutes per game in a full season with the Sabres.
Before Monday night's games, Ryan O'Reilly (21:53) led all NHL forwards in average ice time per game and Evander Kane (21:10) ranked second. The pair currently own the two highest average career ice times by Sabres forwards. Michael Peca (20:18) is the only other forward with an average over 20 minutes.
With an average ice time of 23:48 per game in his 57 games played since joining the Sabres last season, Zach Bogosian owns the third-highest average ice time ever recorded by a Sabres player, trailing only Alexei Zhitnik (531 GP, 25:32) and Christian Ehrhoff (192 GP, 23:55).
Note: The NHL began tracking ice time in the 1997-98 season.
FINISHING STRONG AFTER THE BREAK
Buffalo is 555-424-193 (.556) all-time in games after the All-Star break. This includes a record of 104-71-31 (.580) in those games since the lockout. The Sabres are 1-0-2 (.667) since the All-Star break so far this season.
Note: These totals do not include games after breaks for the Olympic Games.
Jack Eichel enters tonight's game with 21 points (7+14) in his last 21 games, a stretch which included a career-best, four-game point streak (2+4) from Dec. 30 to Jan. 5.
Eichel entered Monday night ranked in the top five among NHL rookies in goals (3rd, 16), assists (T-3rd, 19), points (3rd, 35) and shots (1st, 157).
If they maintain their current pace, Eichel (16+19) and Sam Reinhart (14+9) would be the first pair of Sabres rookies to surpass the 30-point mark since Thomas Vanek (48) and Jason Pominville (30) did so in 2005-06.
Eichel (16) and Reinhart (14) are also on pace to become the second pair of rookies in Sabres history to each record 20 goals in the same season. The first pair was Danny Gare (31) and Peter McNab (22) in 1974-75.
With 35 points (14+19) in 53 games, Eichel is on pace for 54 points this season. If he reaches the 50-point mark, he will become the ninth Sabres rookie to record more than 50 points in a season. He would be the first since Derek Plante (1993-94) and the second-youngest to do so, trailing only Phil Housley (1982-83).
FINNISHING TOUCH
Entering play Monday, Rasmus Ristolainen ranked in the top 15 among NHL defensemen in goals (T-14th, 8), assists (T-12th, 24), points (T-13th, 32), shots (T-10th, 127), time on ice per game (10th, 25:13) and multi-point games (T-9th, 7).
Ristolainen is the first Sabres defenseman to record seven multi-point games in a season since Jordan Leopold in 2010-11. Jaroslav Spacek (10 multi-point games in 2008-09) was the last Sabres defenseman to record more than seven.
His four power-play goals are the most by a Sabres defenseman since 2010-11 (Jordan Leopold, 5).
With 32 points (8+24) in 53 games, Ristolainen is on pace for 50 points this season. If he reaches the 50-point mark, Ristolainen would be the first Sabres defenseman with 50 points in a season since Garry Galley (1995-96) and the youngest to reach that mark since Phil Housley.
OUTSHOOTING OPPONENTS
The Sabres have outshot their opponents in 23 of 53 games this season, posting a 7-15-1 record in those games. Last season, the team finished the season 5-5-0 in 10 total games when outshooting their opponents.
POSSESSION PROGRESSION
The Sabres have led their opponent in even-strength shot attempts (corsi) in 22 of the team's 53 games this season, going 9-10-3 in those games. Buffalo only led their opponents in even-strength shot attempts eight times throughout the entire 2014-15 season, going 3-5-0 in those eight games. (Data courtesy of war-on-ice.com)
BUF-FLA CONNECTIONS
Drafted by the Sabres in the sixth round of the 1997 NHL Draft, Brian Campbell played in Buffalo for parts of eight seasons (1999-00 – 2007-08). As a Sabre, Campbell tallied 176 points (32+144) in 391 games. Campbell was selected as an NHL All-Star in 2007 and 2008.
Zach Bogosian:
Played with Al Montoya for the Winnipeg Jets from 2012-2014. The two also played together for the United States at the 2009 World Championship.
Carlo Colaiacovo:
Colaiacovo, Brandon Pirri and Reilly Smith were all born in Toronto, Ontario.
Played with Erik Gudbranson and Quinton Howden for Team Canada at the 2011 World Junior Championship held in Buffalo.
Played with Dave Bolland for the Toronto Maple Leafs for part of the 2013-14 season.
Chad Johnson:
Teammates with Reilly Smith and Shawn Thornton for the Boston Bruins during the 2013-14 season.
Played with Al Montoya for the Winnipeg Jets from 2012-2014.
Represented the United States alongside Vincent Trochek at the 2013 World Junior Championship and the 2014 World Championship.
Played with Al Montoya for the New York Islanders from 2010-2013.
He and Aaron Ekblad share a birth date. O'Reilly was born on Feb. 7, 1991, and Ekblad was born on Feb. 7, 1996.
Played with Erik Gudbranson for Team Canada at the 2009 World U-18 Championship.
Mike Weber:
He and Vincent Trocheck were both born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Ryan O'Reilly, Robin Lehner and Brandon Pirri were all second-round picks in the 2009 NHL Draft. O'Reilly was selected 33rd overall by Colorado, Lehner went 46th overall to Ottawa and Pirri was taken 59th overall by Chicago.
Nicolas Deslauriers (84th overall) and Reilly Smith (69th overall) were both taken in the third round of the 2009 NHL Draft.
Mark Pysyk (23rd overall), Erik Gudbranson (3rd overall), Nick Bjugstad (19th overall) and Quinton Howden (25th overall) were all first-round draft picks in the 2010 NHL Draft.
Tonight's game features two players who were taken in the second round of the 2010 NHL Draft: Alex Petrovic (36th overall) and Johan Larsson (56th overall by Minnesota).
Rasmus Ristolainen (8th overall) and Alexander Barkov (2nd overall) were both selected in the first round of the 2013 NHL Draft.
Sam Reinhart (2nd overall) and Aaron Ekblad (1st overall) were the top two picks in the 2014 NHL Draft.
Hits: Kane (118), Deslauriers (113), Foligno (108)
Blocked Shots: Gorges (108), Ristolainen (85), McCabe (62)
Oct. 27 at PHI: W, 4-3 (GWG-Girgensons, 2:29)
Nov. 14 vs. SJS: L, 2-1 (GWG-Marleau, 2:59)
Dec. 12 vs. LAK: W, 2-1 (GWG-O'Reilly, 3:19)
Feb. 6 at BOS: L, 2-1 (GWG-Marchand, 2:32)
Oct. 21 vs. TOR: W, 2-1 (GDG-Moulson)
Nov. 19 at STL: L, 3-2 (GDG-Steen)
Dec. 1 at DET: L, 5-4 (GDG-Richards)
Dec. 19 vs. CHI: L, 3-2 (GDG-Kane)
Feb. 4 vs. BOS: L, 3-2 (GDG-Spooner)
Mark Pysyk … 2 games … 100 career games played
Brian Gionta … 5 games … 900 career games played
Robin Lehner … 7 games … 100 career games played
Josh Gorges … 4 assists … 100 career assists
Daniel Catenacci … 1st NHL Game … Feb. 6 at BOS
This entry was posted in Game Preview and tagged Florida Panthers. Bookmark the permalink. | {
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Letter to Editor: Golden on Huntington's
June 14, 2019 on Letters to the editor, Opinion
Nine years ago, I made my first foray into legislative advocacy because my nephew asked me to visit Olympia's Snowe's office and ask her to co-sponsor The Parity Act for Huntington's Disease (HD). I knew nothing about the act but said I would learn and go. It was then that my nephew told me he had tested positive for this devastating disease and I was launched into becoming the Maine Affiliate Chair for the Huntington's Disease Society of America. Since that first visit I have continued advocating for the Parity Act along with members of the Maine Affiliate without gaining one co-sponsor from Maine — that is, until this year.
In April, Luke Brochu, Marcia McGarry, Valerie Mekras and I (all from HD families) visited Congressman Jared Golden's office in Bangor and met with his representative and Morgan Urquhart, who listened most respectfully and relayed our personal stories and information about Huntington's disease and the Parity Act to Dan Jenkins, Golden's health care staff member in D.C. Dan requested the language of the bill from me as it was to be reintroduced to the House May 15. Shortly thereafter, he contacted me to say that Congressman Golden had agreed to co-sponsor the bill. He is the first from Maine to honor our request.
If the bill finally passes, people with HD who qualify for Social Security Disability will not have to wait two years before receiving Medicare. Currently, the waiver applies only to ALS and end-stage renal disease. HD strikes in prime working years and leaves the affected person unable to work or live independently. A spouse often needs to become the full-time caregiver, leaving the family with no income or the health insurance that is needed for specialized care.
A few years ago, Sen. Collins wrote a letter to the Social Security Administration on our behalf requesting that that 30-year-old criteria to qualify for disability be updated to include the cognitive and psychiatric components of HD. That change was made. However, we still need both Sens. King and Collins to reverse their former stands on this critical bill and become co-sponsors.
The Maine Affiliate is grateful to Jared Golden for taking this big step to support families suffering from HD.
Nancy Patterson
Criterion schedule
Too much to lose | {
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Harvardwood Presents HLS Professor CASS SUNSTEIN AB '75, JD '78 on "The World According to Star Wars"
Posted by Spence Porter 65HC on
July 20, 2016 at 6:30pm - 8:30pm
Seyfarth Shaw LLP
Spence Porter ·
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The event begins at 6:30 with a reception with wine and nibbles; the discussion will start promptly at 7 pm. Advance registration is REQUIRED—no tickets will be sold at the door.
The Star Wars saga is one of the most-loved film series ever. Spanning three decades and seven films so far and set "a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away," its characters and phrases have become a part of who we are and how we think. But, is Star Wars simply entertainment—or does it embrace wisdom than can and should affect the way we live our personal and political lives?
Cass Sunstein '75 JD '78 is the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard Law School. From 2009 to 2012 he was Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. Before that, he taught from 1981 to 2008 at the University of Chicago Law School. He is the author of hundreds of articles and dozens of books, including Republic.com, Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health,Wealth, and Happiness (with Richard H. Thaler), and Simpler. Sunstein clerked with Justice Thurgood Marshall of the U.S. Supreme Court. He is the most cited law professor in the United States.
His most recent book The World According to Star Wars explores the lessons of Star Wars on childhood, fathers, the Dark Side, rebellion, and redemption—and constitutional law, economics, and political uprisings as well. Time called it "the ultimate primer for guiding a Star Wars padawan to the level of Jedi Knight." The Washington Post described it as "an enlightening and surprisingly personal tour of a galaxy." And the Walter Isaacson said, "In this gem of a book, Cass Sunstein uses the Star Wars series to explore profound questions about being a parent, a child, and a human. It will change the way you think about your own journey."
Professor Sunstein's book will be available for purchase, and a booksigning will follow the talk.
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A Neural Algorithm of Artistic Style
arXiv:1508.06576v2 [cs.CV] 2 Sep 2015
Leon A. Gatys,1,2,3∗ Alexander S. Ecker,1,2,4,5 Matthias Bethge1,2,4
Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience
and Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of T¨ubingen, Germany
Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, T¨ubingen, Germany
Graduate School for Neural Information Processing, T¨ubingen, Germany
Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, T¨ubingen, Germany
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
To whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: [email protected]
In fine art, especially painting, humans have mastered the skill to create unique
visual experiences through composing a complex interplay between the content and style of an image. Thus far the algorithmic basis of this process is
unknown and there exists no artificial system with similar capabilities. However, in other key areas of visual perception such as object and face recognition
near-human performance was recently demonstrated by a class of biologically
inspired vision models called Deep Neural Networks.1, 2 Here we introduce an
artificial system based on a Deep Neural Network that creates artistic images
of high perceptual quality. The system uses neural representations to separate and recombine content and style of arbitrary images, providing a neural
algorithm for the creation of artistic images. Moreover, in light of the striking similarities between performance-optimised artificial neural networks and
biological vision,3–7 our work offers a path forward to an algorithmic understanding of how humans create and perceive artistic imagery.
The class of Deep Neural Networks that are most powerful in image processing tasks are
called Convolutional Neural Networks. Convolutional Neural Networks consist of layers of
small computational units that process visual information hierarchically in a feed-forward manner (Fig 1). Each layer of units can be understood as a collection of image filters, each of which
extracts a certain feature from the input image. Thus, the output of a given layer consists of
so-called feature maps: differently filtered versions of the input image.
When Convolutional Neural Networks are trained on object recognition, they develop a
representation of the image that makes object information increasingly explicit along the processing hierarchy.8 Therefore, along the processing hierarchy of the network, the input image
is transformed into representations that increasingly care about the actual content of the image compared to its detailed pixel values. We can directly visualise the information each layer
contains about the input image by reconstructing the image only from the feature maps in that
layer9 (Fig 1, content reconstructions, see Methods for details on how to reconstruct the image). Higher layers in the network capture the high-level content in terms of objects and their
arrangement in the input image but do not constrain the exact pixel values of the reconstruction. (Fig 1, content reconstructions d,e). In contrast, reconstructions from the lower layers
simply reproduce the exact pixel values of the original image (Fig 1, content reconstructions
a,b,c). We therefore refer to the feature responses in higher layers of the network as the content
representation.
To obtain a representation of the style of an input image, we use a feature space originally
designed to capture texture information.8 This feature space is built on top of the filter responses
in each layer of the network. It consists of the correlations between the different filter responses
over the spatial extent of the feature maps (see Methods for details). By including the feature
correlations of multiple layers, we obtain a stationary, multi-scale representation of the input
image, which captures its texture information but not the global arrangement.
Figure 1: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). A given input image is represented as a set
of filtered images at each processing stage in the CNN. While the number of different filters
increases along the processing hierarchy, the size of the filtered images is reduced by some
downsampling mechanism (e.g. max-pooling) leading to a decrease in the total number of
units per layer of the network. Content Reconstructions. We can visualise the information
at different processing stages in the CNN by reconstructing the input image from only knowing the network's responses in a particular layer. We reconstruct the input image from from
layers 'conv1 1' (a), 'conv2 1' (b), 'conv3 1' (c), 'conv4 1' (d) and 'conv5 1' (e) of the original VGG-Network. We find that reconstruction from lower layers is almost perfect (a,b,c). In
higher layers of the network, detailed pixel information is lost while the high-level content of the
image is preserved (d,e). Style Reconstructions. On top of the original CNN representations
we built a new feature space that captures the style of an input image. The style representation
computes correlations between the different features in different layers of the CNN. We reconstruct the style of the input image from style representations built on different subsets of CNN
layers ( 'conv1 1' (a), 'conv1 1' and 'conv2 1' (b), 'conv1 1', 'conv2 1' and 'conv3 1' (c),
'conv1 1', 'conv2 1', 'conv3 1' and 'conv4 1' (d), 'conv1 1', 'conv2 1', 'conv3 1', 'conv4 1'
and 'conv5 1' (e)). This creates images that match the style of a given image on an increasing
scale while discarding information of the global arrangement of the scene.
Again, we can visualise the information captured by these style feature spaces built on
different layers of the network by constructing an image that matches the style representation
of a given input image (Fig 1, style reconstructions).10, 11 Indeed reconstructions from the style
features produce texturised versions of the input image that capture its general appearance in
terms of colour and localised structures. Moreover, the size and complexity of local image
structures from the input image increases along the hierarchy, a result that can be explained
by the increasing receptive field sizes and feature complexity. We refer to this multi-scale
representation as style representation.
The key finding of this paper is that the representations of content and style in the Convolutional Neural Network are separable. That is, we can manipulate both representations independently to produce new, perceptually meaningful images. To demonstrate this finding, we
generate images that mix the content and style representation from two different source images.
In particular, we match the content representation of a photograph depicting the "Neckarfront"
in T¨ubingen, Germany and the style representations of several well-known artworks taken from
different periods of art (Fig 2).
The images are synthesised by finding an image that simultaneously matches the content
representation of the photograph and the style representation of the respective piece of art (see
Methods for details). While the global arrangement of the original photograph is preserved,
the colours and local structures that compose the global scenery are provided by the artwork.
Effectively, this renders the photograph in the style of the artwork, such that the appearance of
the synthesised image resembles the work of art, even though it shows the same content as the
photograph.
As outlined above, the style representation is a multi-scale representation that includes multiple layers of the neural network. In the images we have shown in Fig 2, the style representation
included layers from the whole network hierarchy. Style can also be defined more locally by
Figure 2: Images that combine the content of a photograph with the style of several well-known
artworks. The images were created by finding an image that simultaneously matches the content
representation of the photograph and the style representation of the artwork (see Methods). The
original photograph depicting the Neckarfront in T¨ubingen, Germany, is shown in A (Photo:
Andreas Praefcke). The painting that provided the style for the respective generated image
is shown in the bottom left corner of each panel. B The Shipwreck of the Minotaur by J.M.W.
5 Gogh, 1889. D Der Schrei by Edvard Munch,
Turner, 1805. C The Starry Night by Vincent van
1893. E Femme nue assise by Pablo Picasso, 1910. F Composition VII by Wassily Kandinsky,
including only a smaller number of lower layers, leading to different visual experiences (Fig 3,
along the rows). When matching the style representations up to higher layers in the network,
local images structures are matched on an increasingly large scale, leading to a smoother and
more continuous visual experience. Thus, the visually most appealing images are usually created by matching the style representation up to the highest layers in the network (Fig 3, last
row).
Of course, image content and style cannot be completely disentangled. When synthesising
an image that combines the content of one image with the style of another, there usually does
not exist an image that perfectly matches both constraints at the same time. However, the
loss function we minimise during image synthesis contains two terms for content and style
respectively, that are well separated (see Methods). We can therefore smoothly regulate the
emphasis on either reconstructing the content or the style (Fig 3, along the columns). A strong
emphasis on style will result in images that match the appearance of the artwork, effectively
giving a texturised version of it, but hardly show any of the photograph's content (Fig 3, first
column). When placing strong emphasis on content, one can clearly identify the photograph,
but the style of the painting is not as well-matched (Fig 3, last column). For a specific pair of
source images one can adjust the trade-off between content and style to create visually appealing
Here we present an artificial neural system that achieves a separation of image content from
style, thus allowing to recast the content of one image in the style of any other image. We
demonstrate this by creating new, artistic images that combine the style of several well-known
paintings with the content of an arbitrarily chosen photograph. In particular, we derive the
neural representations for the content and style of an image from the feature responses of highperforming Deep Neural Networks trained on object recognition. To our knowledge this is the
first demonstration of image features separating content from style in whole natural images.
Figure 3: Detailed results for the style of the painting Composition VII by Wassily Kandinsky.
The rows show the result of matching the style representation of increasing subsets of the CNN
layers (see Methods). We find that the local image structures captured by the style representation increase in size and complexity when including style features from higher layers of the
network. This can be explained by the increasing receptive field sizes and feature complexity along the network's processing hierarchy. The columns show different relative weightings
between the content and style reconstruction. The number above each column indicates the
ratio α/β between the emphasis on matching the content of the photograph and the style of the
artwork (see Methods).
Previous work on separating content from style was evaluated on sensory inputs of much lesser
complexity, such as characters in different handwriting or images of faces or small figures in
different poses.12, 13
In our demonstration, we render a given photograph in the style of a range of well-known
artworks. This problem is usually approached in a branch of computer vision called nonphotorealistic rendering (for recent review see14 ). Conceptually most closely related are methods using texture transfer to achieve artistic style transfer.15–19 However, these previous approaches mainly rely on non-parametric techniques to directly manipulate the pixel representation of an image. In contrast, by using Deep Neural Networks trained on object recognition, we
carry out manipulations in feature spaces that explicitly represent the high level content of an
Features from Deep Neural Networks trained on object recognition have been previously
used for style recognition in order to classify artworks according to the period in which they
were created.20 There, classifiers are trained on top of the raw network activations, which we
call content representations. We conjecture that a transformation into a stationary feature space
such as our style representation might achieve even better performance in style classification.
In general, our method of synthesising images that mix content and style from different
sources, provides a new, fascinating tool to study the perception and neural representation of
art, style and content-independent image appearance in general. We can design novel stimuli
that introduce two independent, perceptually meaningful sources of variation: the appearance
and the content of an image. We envision that this will be useful for a wide range of experimental studies concerning visual perception ranging from psychophysics over functional imaging
to even electrophysiological neural recordings. In fact, our work offers an algorithmic understanding of how neural representations can independently capture the content of an image and
the style in which it is presented. Importantly, the mathematical form of our style representa8
tions generates a clear, testable hypothesis about the representation of image appearance down
to the single neuron level. The style representations simply compute the correlations between
different types of neurons in the network. Extracting correlations between neurons is a biologically plausible computation that is, for example, implemented by so-called complex cells
in the primary visual system (V1).21 Our results suggest that performing a complex-cell like
computation at different processing stages along the ventral stream would be a possible way to
obtain a content-independent representation of the appearance of a visual input.
All in all it is truly fascinating that a neural system, which is trained to perform one of the
core computational tasks of biological vision, automatically learns image representations that
allow the separation of image content from style. The explanation could be that when learning
object recognition, the network has to become invariant to all image variation that preserves
object identity. Representations that factorise the variation in the content of an image and the
variation in its appearance would be extremely practical for this task. Thus, our ability to
abstract content from style and therefore our ability to create and enjoy art might be primarily a
preeminent signature of the powerful inference capabilities of our visual system.
The results presented in the main text were generated on the basis of the VGG-Network,22
a Convolutional Neural Network that rivals human performance on a common visual object
recognition benchmark task23 and was introduced and extensively described in.22 We used the
feature space provided by the 16 convolutional and 5 pooling layers of the 19 layer VGGNetwork. We do not use any of the fully connected layers.The model is publicly available and
can be explored in the caffe-framework.24 For image synthesis we found that replacing the
max-pooling operation by average pooling improves the gradient flow and one obtains slightly
more appealing results, which is why the images shown were generated with average pooling.
Generally each layer in the network defines a non-linear filter bank whose complexity increases with the position of the layer in the network. Hence a given input image ~x is encoded
in each layer of the CNN by the filter responses to that image. A layer with Nl distinct filters
has Nl feature maps each of size Ml , where Ml is the height times the width of the feature map.
So the responses in a layer l can be stored in a matrix F l ∈ RNl ×Ml where Fijl is the activation
of the ith filter at position j in layer l. To visualise the image information that is encoded at
different layers of the hierarchy (Fig 1, content reconstructions) we perform gradient descent
on a white noise image to find another image that matches the feature responses of the original
image. So let p~ and ~x be the original image and the image that is generated and P l and F l their
respective feature representation in layer l. We then define the squared-error loss between the
two feature representations
Lcontent (~p, ~x, l) =
1X l
Fij − Pijl
2 i,j
The derivative of this loss with respect to the activations in layer l equals
F l − P l ij if Fijl > 0
∂Lcontent
∂Fijl
if Fijl < 0 .
from which the gradient with respect to the image ~x can be computed using standard error
back-propagation. Thus we can change the initially random image ~x until it generates the same
response in a certain layer of the CNN as the original image p~. The five content reconstructions
in Fig 1 are from layers 'conv1 1' (a), 'conv2 1' (b), 'conv3 1' (c), 'conv4 1' (d) and 'conv5 1'
(e) of the original VGG-Network.
On top of the CNN responses in each layer of the network we built a style representation
that computes the correlations between the different filter responses, where the expectation is
taken over the spatial extend of the input image. These feature correlations are given by the
Gram matrix Gl ∈ RNl ×Nl , where Glij is the inner product between the vectorised feature map
i and j in layer l:
Glij =
Fikl Fjk
To generate a texture that matches the style of a given image (Fig 1, style reconstructions),
we use gradient descent from a white noise image to find another image that matches the style
representation of the original image. This is done by minimising the mean-squared distance
between the entries of the Gram matrix from the original image and the Gram matrix of the
image to be generated. So let ~a and ~x be the original image and the image that is generated and
Al and Gl their respective style representations in layer l. The contribution of that layer to the
total loss is then
El =
Glij − Alij
4Nl Ml i,j
and the total loss is
Lstyle (~a, ~x) =
wl El
l=0
where wl are weighting factors of the contribution of each layer to the total loss (see below for
specific values of wl in our results). The derivative of El with respect to the activations in layer
l can be computed analytically:
(F l )T Gl − Al ji
∂El
Nl2 Ml2
if Fijl > 0
The gradients of El with respect to the activations in lower layers of the network can be readily
computed using standard error back-propagation. The five style reconstructions in Fig 1 were
generated by matching the style representations on layer 'conv1 1' (a), 'conv1 1' and 'conv2 1'
(b), 'conv1 1', 'conv2 1' and 'conv3 1' (c), 'conv1 1', 'conv2 1', 'conv3 1' and 'conv4 1' (d),
'conv1 1', 'conv2 1', 'conv3 1', 'conv4 1' and 'conv5 1' (e).
To generate the images that mix the content of a photograph with the style of a painting
(Fig 2) we jointly minimise the distance of a white noise image from the content representation
of the photograph in one layer of the network and the style representation of the painting in a
number of layers of the CNN. So let p~ be the photograph and ~a be the artwork. The loss function
we minimise is
Ltotal (~p, ~a, ~x) = αLcontent (~p, ~x) + βLstyle (~a, ~x)
where α and β are the weighting factors for content and style reconstruction respectively. For
the images shown in Fig 2 we matched the content representation on layer 'conv4 2' and the
style representations on layers 'conv1 1', 'conv2 1', 'conv3 1', 'conv4 1' and 'conv5 1' (wl =
1/5 in those layers, wl = 0 in all other layers) . The ratio α/β was either 1×10−3 (Fig 2 B,C,D)
or 1 × 10−4 (Fig 2 E,F). Fig 3 shows results for different relative weightings of the content and
style reconstruction loss (along the columns) and for matching the style representations only
on layer 'conv1 1' (A), 'conv1 1' and 'conv2 1' (B), 'conv1 1', 'conv2 1' and 'conv3 1' (C),
and 'conv5 1' (E). The factor wl was always equal to one divided by the number of active layers
with a non-zero loss-weight wl .
Acknowledgments This work was funded by the German National Academic Foundation
(L.A.G.), the Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (FKZ 01GQ1002) and the German Excellency Initiative through the Centre for Integrative Neuroscience T¨ubingen (EXC307)(M.B.,
A.S.E, L.A.G.)
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deep learning.pdf (PDF, 5.8 Mo)
input representations layer style different photograph feature image layers conv1 images representation neural network content | {
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Sharing the water, sharing the benefits: Lessons from six large dams in West Africa
Frédéric Bazin Jamie Skinner Jérôme Koundouno
(eds)
Report/paper, 128 pages
Over 150 large dams have been built in West Africa over the last 50 years. Many more are in the planning stages to meet the region's demands for energy, water and food and their reservoirs will displace many thousands of local people. Success in resettling affected people and in rebuilding their livelihoods has been mixed in the region. This publication reviews detailed experience from six dams in Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal through the lens of "benefit sharing" with local populations, which asks to what extent the affected communities have indeed benefited from the dam and how the multiple positive consequences from water use have been shared between different actors. The lessons learned from these experiences can guide future decision making.
This report was produced as part of the work by the Global Water Initiative (GWI) in West Africa, which is an initiative funded by the Howard G. Buffett Foundation and implemented by IIED with IUCN.
http://www.gwiwestafrica.org
Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal
GWI West Africa: project background
Agriculture in large-scale rice irrigation schemes needs to be made to work for both the state, in terms of economic returns and national food security, and for the smallholders whose livelihoods depend on it. When it comes to the development of new dams and large-scale irrigation, more information is needed about their economic viability and how the water, land, and economic benefits can be shared equitably to support local development.
Gender considerations in the restoration of livelihoods: resettlement from hydropower
GWI en Afrique de l'Ouest - Capitalisation de 10 ans d'intervention sur la gouvernance des grandes infrastructures hydrauliques à travers la revue d'une sélection d'expériences
GWI in West Africa - Capitalising on the lessons of 10 years of interventions in the governance of large water infrastructure schemes: a review of experience
Irrigation, food security and poverty – Lessons from three large dams in West Africa | {
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4Story - Age of Heroes
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Lhasa is the capital city of Tibet and the starting point of Tibet travel. It's also called the City of Sunlight with average daily sunshine of more than 8 hours. Every year thousands of tourists flock to this snow-covered plateau of Tibet to admire its broadness and magnificence. But due to Tibet's mystery, many tourists do not know much about Tibet, especially the Lhasa weather and how to dress appropriately there. This article will give you a detailed explanation [url=https://www.greattibettour.com/tibet-weather.html]of the Tibet weather[/url]. Features of Lhasa temperature Lhasa is located on the north side of the Himalayas, with sunny weather throughout the year, sparse rainfall, no severe cold in winter, and no intense heat in summer. It belongs to a plateau temperate semi-arid monsoon climate. Low temperature, small annual temperature difference but a larger diurnal temperature difference. "There are four seasons in a day" is a vivid portrayal of Lhasa weather and climate. During the peak tourist season from June to September every year, the highest temperature in Lhasa at noon can reach 27°C-29°C, giving people the feeling of midsummer. In the evening, the temperature begins to drop to 15°C, people having a sense of cool autumn. At midnight, it falls to 0°C-5°C, and people need to cover quilts all night as if it were winter. The next morning, after sunrise, the temperature rises again and it's as warm as spring. The boundary between the dry season and the rainy season is obvious, and it usually rains at night. The rainy season in Lhasa is from June to August, but it usually rains at night so rainy days in Lhasa will not affect the good weather the next day. After the rain, the weather will be fine and sunny. Lhasa's night rain affects more the road conditions, but most of the roads open to traffic in Tibet have been blackened. Therefore, the rainy season in Lhasa will not affect the scheduled itinerary of ordinary tourists. Thin air, strong solar radiation. This is the climatic characteristic of the entire snowy plateau. Due to the high altitude and sparse vegetation, the air is thin and clean, the dust and moisture content is low, and the atmospheric transparency is high. When the sunlight penetrates the atmosphere, there is little solar radiation energy loss, so there are sufficient sunlight and large radiation, which makes Tibetan Plateau the place with the most solar radiation in the country. Because of the annual sunshine duration of 3021 hours and an average of more than 8 hours of sunshine per day, Lhasa is called the "Sunshine City". From here we can also see that there is often night rain even during the rainy season in Lhasa. After the sunrise, the sunshine will come as scheduled. Thus, many tourists would choose to travel to Lhasa to sunbathe in winter and feel the unique charm of Tibet under the sunshine of the holy city.
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Nicolas P. Retsinas
Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies
About CDT
Manager biography
Nicolas P. Retsinas is past Chair of CDT's Board of Directors. Mr. Retsinas is Director Emeritus of Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies, a collaborative venture of the Graduate School of Design and the Harvard Kennedy School. He recently retired from the faculty of the Harvard Business School where he taught courses in housing finance and real estate in frontier markets.
Prior to his Harvard appointment, Mr. Retsinas served as Assistant Secretary for Housing-Federal Housing Commissioner at the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development and as Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision. Mr. Retsinas also served on the Board of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Housing Finance Board and the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation. Mr. Retsinas also served the State of Rhode Island as the Executive Director of the Rhode Island Housing and Mortgage Finance Corporation from 1987 to 1993.
He received his Master's degree in City Planning from Harvard University and his AB in Economics from New York University. Mr. Retsinas chairs the Providence Housing Authority and the Rhode Island Housing and Mortgage Finance Corporation, and serves on the Board of Directors of the Center for Responsible Lending. He is a past Chair of the Board of Directors of Habitat for Humanity International. | {
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Arts & Entertainment | October 4, 2016 9:00 am
Next Stop for Lady Gaga? Your Local Watering Hole.
What we know about the megastar's upcoming dive bar tour
Lady Gaga is going on a dive-bar tour.
It's not because her fortunes are failing; rather, it's part of a promotion with Bud Light to spotlight her new album Joanne, coming out later this month.
The singer's first show will take place this Wednesday at an undisclosed location and be streamed via Facebook Live, starting at 10 p.m. Her other performances are October 20th and 27th at TBD locations. The shows will be open to contest winners — or perhaps friends of the bars (good time to be a regular).
Your correspondent actually first learned of the American Horror Story star from her dive-bar days. She used to perform on the Lower East Side in my hometown of New York — in fact, my old (and now defunct) company once booked her to do a tiny Valentine's Day show in the West Village just after she signed to Interscope but before she released any singles.
Post-success, a friend of mine had a rather lame experience with her entourage at the now-closed NYC dive Motor City Bar, where she was slumming it for the night. Couple words to the wise if you get into one of the upcoming shows: A) She doesn't want you to buy her a shot, and B) her entourage might demand you erase any and all photos of her.
Speaking about the Dive Bar Tour in, Gaga noted: "My first performances were in dive bars in New York City and around the country, so working with Bud Light to go back to my roots to perform songs from my new album, Joanne, is such an exciting way to connect with my fans and share this music with them for the first time."
The raw vibe of the dive bars should suit her. The new album features a more indie rock-inflected vibe, and hosts collaborations with Beck, Tame Impala, Josh Homme of the Queens of the Stone Age, Florence Welch and Father John Misty. Watch the video for the first single, the very '80s-influenced "Perfect Illusion," below.
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Public Radio Stations Are Flourishing by Focusing on New Music | {
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Home / International Rugby / Guinness Six Nations / Conor O'Shea replaces Nigel Melville in senior RFU post
Conor O'Shea replaces Nigel Melville in senior RFU post
Posted on 29th November 2019 by admin in Guinness Six Nations, International Rugby, Latest News, Test Rugby
The RFU have announced professional rugby director Nigel Melville will leave the governing body in December to 'pursue new opportunities', with former Harlequins head coach Conor O'Shea appointed as his replacement.
O'Shea left Italy with immediate effect in October with six months remaining on his contract with the FIR, having assumed the role of head coach in March 2016.
Italy won nine of 40 Tests under O'Shea and exited the Rugby World Cup at the group stage, with the Irishman saying 'I believe the end of the Rugby World Cup represents the best time for everyone to make changes'.
As director of performance with England Rugby, O'Shea will be responsible for the leadership, management and strategic direction of the Men's and Women's programmes across 15s and Sevens.
His appointment comes six months after the arrival of Bill Sweeney as chief executive of the RFU.
"I am privileged and honoured and it is an incredible opportunity to join at a really exciting time for English rugby," O'Shea said.
"I've spent the last four years in Italy, six years at Harlequins and before that 10 years at London Irish, so I feel I know the system pretty well. The good times, the bad times, winning things and being competitive, so I can relate to the people and challenges that happen within our system. I have learned a huge amount internationally in the last few years as well.
"There is an exciting vision at the RFU. It is not just about winning tomorrow, but also about sustaining success and winning long into the future. We can really look forward to rejuvenating and re-energising the performance pathway to help, support and push England rugby on. As well as our relationships with all stakeholders, it's about women's rugby, sevens, referees and coach development, which is absolutely fundamental.
"There has been some fantastic work done over a long period of time in these areas and there have been some challenges for various reasons as well. Now hopefully there is an opportunity to have stability, with the ability to invest and really push forward and challenge ourselves to become better. We are here to provide a sustainable winning environment and I hope I can play my part in creating that."
Change at the RFU involving O'Shea has been mooted for over a month, with his appointed preceded by Alan Dickens and Jonathan Pendlebury taking over the England U20 and U18 teams, respectively, in the past fortnight.
O'Shea follows in the footsteps of Melville, who was in charge of the last World Cup cycle which saw England go from group-stage pariahs in 2015 to finalists in Japan.
The former Wasps scrum-half and England international also oversaw the inception of the Women's Premier 15s club league, which is in the last year of its three-year agreement.
An issue O'Shea will have to get up to speed quickly with along with the Championship, anti-doping, the RPA, and the RFU's Professional Game Agreement with PRL.
Melville said: "I am proud of all that the organisation has achieved over the last three years during some challenging times. I believe that England Rugby is in a great place and that leaving after the 2019 Rugby World Cup is the right time as the RFU start a new era and prepare for the next Rugby World Cup cycle."
This article was brought to you by The Rugby Paper, the UK's best-selling rugby publication, on-sale every Sunday.
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Tagged Conor O'Shea, England, Harlequins, Italy, RFU
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Maruti Suzuki Baleno, Ertiga, Abarth to Audi Q7: All you need to know about Oct car launches
By: Car Dekho October 14 , 2015 11:51 am
September was a spectacular month for car launches (Renault Kwid was the topper then) and October too is going to see a number of high profile unveilings to set up the carmakers for the crucial coming festive season - from Navratri to Diwali. So, take a sneak peak at what is in store, from Maruti Suzuki Ertiga 'facelift', Maruti Baleno hatchback, Chevrolet Trailblazer, Audi Q7 and more. (CarDekho)
Maruti Suzuki Ertiga Facelift
Maruti Suzuki is all set to launch the new version of the Ertiga. The original Ertiga was also working quite well in the market and managed to grab an impressive number of bookings within a couple of months of its launch. In the updated form, Maruti Ertiga will receive various cosmetic changes while the bookings for the car are already under process. Talking about the changes, it will get a bold chrome grille with three slats, while chrome treatment can be seen around the fog lamps and above the number plate as well. On the side, it will get restyled 10 spoke 15-inch alloy wheels while at the rear, it will receive new taillamp cluster and reflectors. Under the hood, 'facelifted' Ertiga will be offered in both the petrol and diesel trims. The options include the 1.4 litre mill that can deliver the power output of 95 PS and maximum torque of 130Nm, while the diesel variant will house 1.3 litre engine that can produce power output of 90 PS and peak torque of 200Nm. The diesel variant will come with SHVS technology. The new Ertiga will get the expected price tag of between Rs 7-9 lakh for the various versions. (CarDekho)
New Trailblazer was recently spied in Jaipur in early August. The new vehicle is expected to be launched in October and will come to India via CBU route. Under the bonnet, the bulky SUV is expected to get 2 diesel engine options for the customers to choose from. One will be the 2.5 litre Duramax engine and the second one is 2.8-liter diesel engine. Chevrolet Trailblazer would be priced around 25 lakh. (CarDekho)
Fiat is all set to introduce a slightly powerful model of Punto in India which is named Abarth Punto Evo. On the outside, the vehicle will get signature radiator grille with the company's logo placed at the center. While on the side profile, vehicle will get a neatly crafted arches and new set of 16-inch scorpion sting alloy wheels. What is worth mentioning is the powerhouse underneath. The Abarth Punto Evo will get the 1.4 litre engine shared from Linea, that has the ability to produce the power output of 145bhp. It would be getting a price tag of around Rs. 8.5 lakh. (CarDekho)
Last but not the least is a strong contender from German luxury brand Audi. The carmaker is set to roll out its all new Audi Q7 in the market. The new vehicle is performance oriented and comes with a 3.0 litre V6 engine that can generate power output of 272 bhp and yields a peak torque of 600 Nm. The car will come mated to 8-speed manual transmission system, while it will also feature Audi's Quattro AWD system. New Audi Q7 will be priced around Rs 75 lakh. (CarDekho)
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Plymouth Albion / Rugby
Albion boss Dawe hopes his players can concentrate on keeping their winning run going
Posted on March 25, 2016 by Plymouth Sports Gazette Leave a comment
GRAHAM DAWE hopes Plymouth Albion's players can put the club's off-the-field problems behind them and concentrate on trying to win their remaining league games.
Albion are third in the National One table after winning 13 of their last 14 matches, including their last eight.
Although they are 14 points leaders Richmond, Plymouth's players have refused to write off challenging for the title as they still have the Londoners to play.
However, on Thursday evening the Albion board gave notice of their intention to appoint an administrator to enable a sale of the club to go ahead.
The prospective buyers want the club debt free, but Albion are believed to still owe money on a six-figure loan taken out by the previous board in 2014 from Plymouth City Council. It is believed that a number of people close to the former board acted as guarantors for that loan but not all have been willing to help the club pay it off.
Without paying off the loan, Albion have no hopes of obtaining the freehold of their ground from the council.
The current board, who stepped in last year to try and save the club then, say the only option now, with income down, is to go into administration to clear their debts, which in the case of the council loan would pass to the guarantors, and sell the club.
However, that will almost certainly bring a points deduction. That will mean any hopes of sneaking top spot will be over.
Dawe, though, insists his players just have to just focus on playing.
"After yesterday's news it is important that we are more determined than ever to do well in our next game," said Dawe. "Then it's a case of just going from there.
"As far as I can tell the players are just continuing as normal. They are very determined to challenge themselves and the opposition and that does not seem to have diminished."
"But Ampthill, which is our next game, is going to be an extremely difficult fixture because they caused us lots of problems when they played us at home and they are a pretty astute team. It is going to be a great challenge."
When asked if his team felt they could still catch Richmond, Dawe said: "The aim is always to catch every team above you.
"The guys have played really well and got us into a good position and it has always been our aim over the last few weeks to try and finish top of the pile.
"We are really enjoying challenging these teams at the top of the table."
Dawe, though, refused to give his thoughts about the club possibly going into administration.
The club's current situation will lead to speculation about his own future. Dawe has enjoyed a successful 12 months, leading Cornwall to County Championship success, rebuilding Albion's squad from scratch and getting asked to help with England.
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Plymouth Sports Gazette
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Series on Legal Debates
Aug 24, 2014 | San Francisco State University: Philosophy 2016
Instructor: Sarah Braasch
Re: Lawrence v. TX
What is liberty and freedom? Are they nothing more than illusory? The main issue revolving this issue is the plead for liberty; absolute liberty. However, this desire is unattainable, since such a thing does not exist. It does not exist because of the existence of morality, specifically, the existence of an objective moral law that transcends social law. One may be able to bend the social law, however, one has no authority to change the standards of the higher objective moral law. In this respect, the concept of liberty cannot come before morality; liberty needs to proceed after morality in order for there to be coherence and order. Therefore, in the Lawrence v. Texas case, the Supreme Court's objection of morality being a sufficient reason to exercise government authority because it conflicts with the concept of liberty in the 14th Amendment, and leads to a contraction, mainly since laws are based off of morality, therefore, to rule out morality based on the cry for liberty is a fallacious attempt.
The 14th amendment, which says that government cannot infringe upon an individuals rights to life, liberty, or property without due process, is being questioned as Kennedy and Scalia argues whether morality is a valid or invalid reason for government concern. Fundamental rights are on the line, which were determined by our nation's history, traditions, and practices, which are embedded in the U.S. constitution; government can only intervene on fundamental rights based on sufficient and substantial reasons to do otherwise. The Supreme court has determined that privacy, including private consensual sexual recreation, that is for the purpose of procreation or not, is an individual's fundamental right, therefore, if the government wishes to intrude on such matters, they must have strong reason to do so. In the case of Bower v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court ruled that the moral disapproval of the citizenry is a sufficient reason for the government to ban homosexual sexual conducts, and branded it as a matter that is not a fundamental right. Kennedy attacks this case by stating that the Bower v. Hardwick case is interpreting the rights wrongly, he argues that the actual rights are the rights to privacy, and government needs powerful reasons to invade individual's rights of privacy. On this premise alone, Kennedy argues that the government failed to hold any substantiate reasons for prohibiting same sex marriage and employing the anti-sodomy laws; furthermore, he asserts that this issue does not impact society as a whole. In Lawrence v. TX, the issue of whether morality was a sufficient factor to consider when legislating was declared an unimportant factor for government intervention. In this case, the Supreme Court declared that government does not have the means to interfere in the private sexual activities of two consenting adults, if the reasons are merely moral approval or disapproval of the citizenry, then the government has no grounds to intrude in a private matter between two consenting adults. If this is the case, then it logically follows that the government has no solid grounds to interfere with the private matters between consenting adults, and moreover, the anti-sodomy laws are thereby unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.
However, Scalia presents an argument that mere moral approval or disapproval of the citizenry as a whole is an adequate reason for government intervention. Furthermore, Scalia argues that if morality no longer is valid to induce government interest, it would naturally follow that the Lawrence v. TX case, does not only restrict state anti-sodomy criminal statutes, but also condone polygamy, bestiality, incest between adults, and pornography. Therefore, the state is removed of any interest to forbid same-sex couples to marry. Scalia continues on to reprimand Justice Kennedy for desensitizing law making by carelessly creating laws with no higher, transcending purpose. He continues to say that this is the nature of the democratic political process. Scalia argues that the constitution, by nature, is a document of moral implications.
RULE / RELEVANT LAW PERTAINING TO THE ISSUE
The relevant cases and laws pertaining to this issue are the Lawrence v. TX and Bower v. Hardwick case in respects to the 14th Amendment and Scalia's interpretation of these cases. In Lawrence v. TX, the Supreme Court ruled that mere moral disagreements or agreements of the citizenry are not an adequate reason for government to intrude upon an individual's private rights, specifically, two consenting adults who participate in sexual activities. Therefore, the Bower v. Hardwick case, which enable government to prohibit sodomy because of the majority moral disapproval of the citizenry was overturned, since pure moral disapproval of the majority cannot violate the fundamental right an individual has of privacy, despite whatever activities individuals do in their private leisure. However, Scalia takes a different approach to this matter and introduces the idea of how idiotic it is to remove morality from legislating, since morality, Scalia argues, is the backbone behind the U.S. constitution; therefore, if morality is no longer a legitimate reason for legislating, then all laws, including the constitution is void.
ANALYSIS / APPLICATION OF THE RELEVANT LAW TO THE FACTS
Morality is a tricky issue, but nonetheless an important issue to tackle when dealing with anything, and in this case– laws. I will attempt to give morality justice, by defining it as finely as possible. Morality, first most, is the restrictor to the idea of absolute freedom; it is the context in which certain things are permissible and other things are not, indefinitely, therefore freedom is within a set boundary or context. An example of such a context or boundary would be God's commandment given to humanity to not eat the forbidden fruit, and if humanity does eat the fruit, there will be consequences, which is death.
In this analogy, it does not deny that human liberty within the context given in morality cannot exist. Humanity still has the ability to obey, manipulate, or completely disobey the commandment. However, this does not diminish the original authority behind the laws that comes from morality and the consequences that naturally follow from disobedience.
The analogy serves to demonstrate that a certain context is needed in order for liberty to function properly, without becoming something absolute and without accountability. God's commandment restricts humanity from eating the forbidden fruit, however, humanity still has the liberty to explore other actions and opportunities. In this respect, by the nature of God's commandment, human freedom is being denied in respects to eating the forbidden fruit, and if humanity chose to disobey, consequences will follow after. If there was no context or boundary, humanity would be free to do anything, without restraint and without punishment, and this would apply to any human action being valid and without consequences, if there were no given law. If this were the case, there will be chaos.
This is the same concern that Justice Scalias argues. If morality no longer is a relevant issue in determining legislation, and the right to liberty is the stronger determinant, then the legislation process is shrewd because most laws would conflict with the 14th Amendment. If liberty overpowers morality, then all laws are void and useless, since all laws are designed to constrain freedom or liberty, and as a result, there will be no punishment or order to any action, if absolute liberty prevails. Therefore, to remove morality as a bases to create laws is idiocy, since morality proceed laws; laws are dependent on a higher transcendent, unchangeable, unbiased, set of moral laws. Furthermore, laws by nature, are restrictive and intrusive, since they are suppose to represent a third party analysis of a conflict or view. In this definition of what morality and law is, results in liberty being denied constantly, for the purposes of providing accountability.
Interpretation of the Bowers v. Hardwick case
Revisiting this case from the perspective that moral disapproval of the citizenry is a sufficient reason for legislating and the plead for liberty is not relevant, then there will be no problem with the decision made by the Supreme Court to uphold anti-sodomy criminal statute laws. If sodomy is seen as immoral by the larger audience, then the Supreme Court has the right to heed to moral principles and act accordingly in response to it. The plead for the right to liberty, specifically privacy, cannot be used to defend against anti-sodomy laws, because if the Supreme Court were to allow sodomy and disregard the moral disapproval of the citizenry, the Supreme Court would also have to carry out this same verdict by allowing bestiality, pornography, incest between adults, polygamy, and other issues involving private acts of liberty. Therefore, in this case, it plays out, that morality cannot proceed after liberty, however, the opposite needs to be in effect in order for there to be coherence and accountability, which morality and law provides. Without morality, social laws are useless, and anything goes, without a system that provides accountability and responsibility.
The Issue of Liberty
This issue is truly reduced down to the tension between (moral or social) laws versus fundamental rights to liberty. Both are very important and delicate things to take seriously, however, if one cannot distinguish the priority that laws have over liberty, then there will be a lot of headaches, since by definition, laws are the anti-thesis to liberty. The relationship between liberty and law needs to be in this respect, law or morality always has to proceed liberty. The concept of liberty is misunderstood to being something absolute, that is to say, one can do anything one pleases. However, this alternative where liberty has no constraints will lead to chaos because there is no boundaries to keep accountability. The ideal relationship between morality and liberty is when morality proceeds liberty. In this respect, there will be accountability to the use of human liberty. Therefore, issues involving whether the moral approvals or disapproval of the citizenry on a certain subject would be a valid reason for government to legislate because morality and law needs to supersede liberty as to maintain order and accountability. Likewise, when God told humanity not to eat the forbidden fruit or else death would result, therefore, when God gave this commandment; he provide a boundary for human freedom so that there will be proper accountability. Therefore, liberty cannot supersede morality, instead, the opposite must be true in order to maintain order and coherence. Therefore, what Justice Scalias argues holds true: if morality no longer is a legitimate reason for government legislation because the fundamental right of liberty is superior, then the constitution, the Bill of Rights, and all laws would be void because all laws constrict liberty.
To conclude, Justice Scalias' argument is that the issue of liberty in the 14th Amendment as a fundamental right is irrelevant to the issue of whether morality plays a role in legislation hold because morality or laws have to proceed liberty in order for the relationship between the two to have coherence. Furthermore, the proposition that the Lawrence v. Texas presents about removing the need for the moral perspective to hold weight in government legislation because of liberty and privacy being intruded or restricted does not diminish the need for morality to be taken into account for making laws. Also, if liberty is truly at stake and if liberty is more valuable or proceeds morality, laws become pointless and oxymoronic, since all laws restrict liberty and freedom, therefore, if liberty truly holds more true or more valuable than the need for law and morality, then anything will be permissible, since all things will be interpreted from a subjective, individualistic, perspective, and if that were the case; it would be chaotic. Therefore, to conclude, morality is a valid reason to incite government concern.
Re: Perry v. Brown
Based on the background information provided concerning the legality of gay marriage as a sufficient reason for the government to act, there is none. The Supreme Court is the ultimate authority to which laws are passed, therefore, if the Supreme Court is against a specific action or for a given action, their judgement is final regardless of societal disapproval or moral conflicts. However, the Supreme Court has not defined the specificity of whether marriage is limited between a man and woman or if it is permissible for individuals of the same sex, all they have offered is that marriage is a fundamental right of an individual, but the lack of a clear definition leads to conflict since the Supreme Court has not created an air-tight definition. Therefore, the side that is against or for gay marriage has no standard or measurement to justify whether gay marriage is constitutional or unconstitutional, since the their arguments stem from moral disagreements and not by any substantial legal grounds. Hence, the government cannot grant a ban or approval on gay marriage because both parties have no clear grounds on what constitutes marriage for which to argue.
The topic of whether gay marriage is constitutional arose from Prop 8, which was a collective effort of society to define marriage as between a man and a woman. This issue later was brought to the Supreme Court, in that time, Vaughn Walker proposed that Prop 8 was unconstitutional since conflicted with the 14th Amendment, which states that government cannot infringe upon rights of life, property, and liberty without due process of law. Vaughn Walker used relevant cases such as Perry v. Brown, which was an example given of whether the government had a legitimate right to infringe upon individual rights to marriage regardless of sex. Also, he tied it in with the Lawrence v. TX, which exercises the example that the Supreme Court is not interested in settling moral disapproval of the majority of the citizens, such disputes or concerns, are not sufficient for the government to act upon.
Furthermore, the Supreme Court in this case, also ruled that when two individuals who are of age, decide to participate in sexual recreation in a private setting; the government has no desire or grounds to step in and dictate or impose moral approval or disapproval of the majority upon them, since it is a private affair, the government's jurisdiction does not hold effect in this context. With these past court case examples, Walker argues that the government cannot declare Prop 8 constitutional, since it conflicts with the idea that marriage is a fundamental right of an individual. Walker goes on to defend and argue that both cases from Lawrence v. Tx and Perry v. Brown are similar, specifically, same sex marriage is a private affair such as sexual recreation between two individuals, thus, the government does not have appropriate reasons or interest to intrude on this matter. The only reason the government would intervene in this case, would be solely on moral disapproval, but the case from Lawrence v. Tx ruled that morality is not a sufficient reason for government intervention, and the only sufficient cause for government to intervene is when fundamental rights are being violated.
The main problem with Vaughn Walkers argument is that his argument by analogy is irrelevant to the actual problem at hand, which is what is marriage? This definition must be given by the highest authority in America, which is the Supreme Court. Therefore, whatever they say on the matter is law and is final, regardless of moral disputes or majority disapproval. However, the Supreme Court has not provided a clear and unambiguous definition of marriage, they have only disclosed that marriage is a fundamental right to all individuals, nevertheless, the question of what is marriage is escaping.
Here is an analogy of what the situation really is like: In a particular woodland area, there exists a people of archers, ruling them is one body of Master Archers who embody the ideals and laws that govern the art of archery and their authority is sovereign, that is to say, whatever they declare as valid or invalid for archery is law regardless of subjective disagreements on the matter. One day, two archers has a dispute among who has hit the right target, one archer by the name of Yotairen argues that the target must be hit by an arrow with red and blue feathers, and no arrow with the same colored feathers are allowed to hit the target. The other archer, by the name of Jijian, argues that a target can be hit by arrows of the same colored feathers, since it is based on personal preference of the archer and mere subjective disapproval about the matter is not adequate to say otherwise. They brought this case before the Master Archers, one of the Master Archers by the name of Wuzhi, reprimands the two archers and says: "The Master Archers have already declared that any archer has the right to hit the target, furthermore, mere personal disagreement on this matter is not sufficient enough to override this law, since this is the intrinsic right of an archer." One outsider who was visiting the the woodland area by the name of Zhihui, asks Wuzhi a question, "What is the target?".
The argument in the analogy can be summed up in this respect:
1. The definition of marriage, whether it is only between a man and a women or if it is also open to individuals of the same sex, has not been clearly given by the Supreme Court.
2. If a clear definition of marriage has not been given by the Supreme Court, specifically, whether it is restricted between a man and a women or if marriage is opened also to individuals of the same sex, then the issues involving whether marriage is only between a man and a women or open to same sex marriage cannot be resolved.
3. The Supreme Court has not clearly defined what constitutes marriage.
4. Therefore, the issues involving whether marriage is only between a man and a women or open to same sex marriage cannot be resolved.
Since the Supreme Court has made the definition of marriage unclear, when the States need to exercise whether gay marriage is marriage or not, they do not have a clear understanding to which to exercise authority on the matter, therefore, the issue doesn't get solved on the State level, thus, it will return to the Supreme Court. It is crucial, therefore, since the Supreme Court already stated that marriage is a fundamental right, for them to also provide a concrete definition of what marriage is in order to avoid confusion and conflict. The argument presented in Lawrence v. Tx, completely avoids this eminent and important issue of what marriage truly is; the avoidance cannot be tolerated since marriage is a fundamental right of an individual, it is imperative to truly give marriage justice by defining it well and throughly.
To conclude, the argument of whether gay marriage is permissible cannot be disclosed until the Supreme Court issues a specific description of what marriage really is. Therefore, arguments that are for or against gay marriage have no solid material to argue from aside from subjective and moral disagreements. So if the issue is to be disclosed of whether gay marriage is a fundamental right or if its not, solely depends on the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of what constitutes marriage. Only and until the Supreme Court does so, can the dispute of whether marriage between the same sex is allowed can be decided. | {
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Common Heath moth (species profile)
This day-flying species is on the wing across heathlands on The Lizard.
Photo: Sarah Board
COMMON HEATH MOTH
Scientific name: Ematurga atomaria
Cornish name: 'Gouwan' is the general word for moth
• Colouring and appearance: The wing ground colouring is variable, from white and cream, to brown, yellow-brown, and grey. Females are more likely to have paler colouring. There are bands on the wings, varying in number and width, and sometimes merged, sometimes only showing in freckled patches. Males have feathery antennae.
• Size: Wingspan, 2.4 to 3 cm.
• Where: Heathland and moorland.
• When: This is a day-flying moth. A single generation flies in May to June, with a partial second generation in August, especially further south (including Cornwall).
• Similar species: The Latticed Heath is similar, but with crisper markings, and settles with wings raised, distinguishing it from the Common Heath, which settles with wings held flat.
Walking across the Lizard heathlands on a warm summer day, a brush of your hand against the heather will disturb many a flying insect. One such species is the Common Heath moth, a day-flying species. It's one of those brown moths that, on closer inspection, reveals a rather pretty banding and freckled colouring; the male also has lovely feathery antennae (see the photo, which is of a male).
Heathers, clovers, trefoils and vetches are the main larval foodplants. The caterpillars feed from June to September, and then pupate on the ground surface, or just below, ready to emerge as adults at the start of the following summer.
…The caterpillars are also variable in colouring, ranging from reddish brown to greenish brown.
More information and references:
Chinery, M., 2005. Collins Complete Guide to British Insects. Collins, London.
Waring, P., Townsend, M. and Lewington, R., 2009. Field Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland (second edition). British Wildlife Publishing, Gillingham, Dorset.
UK Moths
Author: Amanda Scott
Photos: Sarah Board
Find out about other moths and butterflies you can see on The Lizard. | {
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} |
IVAN KONDOV
Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Bulgaria
Born on 10 August 1968
1994: International Relations, University of National and World Economy, Sofia;
2003: Course in International Security at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Geneva, Switzerland;
1996: Course in International Relations at the Diplomatic School in Madrid, Spain;
2021: Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Bulgaria;
2017-2021: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Bulgaria to the Kingdom of Spain;
2012-2016: Director of the Protocol Directorate at the Administration of the President of the Republic of Bulgaria;
2009-2012: Permanent Representative of Bulgaria to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in Rome, Italy;
2007-2009: Director of the State Protocol Directorate at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
2003-2007: First Secretary at the Permanent Representation of Bulgaria to NATO in Brussels, Belgium;
2001-2003: Chief Expert at the NATO Directorate, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
1998-2001: Attaché (Political Affairs and Press) at the Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria in London, UK;
1995-1998: Expert at the European Countries Directorate of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Speaks Spanish, English, French and Italian; working knowledge of Russian and Portuguese | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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Skydio Discussions
Disappointed with Skydio 2
Thread starter Skydioskip
Skydioskip
Looked today at this video:
The guy is running on a track and Skydio 2 lost him completely and followed the wrong guy.
He had a hard time to get it back focussing on him . . . (Maybe the blond girl walking in front of him was more attractive to Skydio 2 )
During the later run the drone got confused several times, but caught up with him after a while.
That is very disappointing . . . and raises some doubts, if I made the right decision with with my downpayment on the Skydion 2
Flying everything with 4 motors
skydioconvert
INMHO the S2 performed admirably not disappointingly.
The lighting must have been right on the edge of being unacceptable for safe flight. Deep shadows coupled with multiple other targets in very brightly lit portions of the trail in the same frame occasionally exceeded the S2's ability to remain locked on the target.
It was a good test of the S2's abilities but choosing to fly the S2 in the approaching twilight wasn't a very smart move....
Reactions: widronezone
Thanks skydioconvert,
I didn't think about the fact that the twilight was close. I just thought the video is just on the dark side.
But your comment makes sense.
I thought the runner had his beacon with him and the Skydio connected to him via GPS and I was wondering why it switched to the other guy and followed him.
deedeebulldog
Skydioskip said:
I have not used mine a lot around people, but I have had this happen to me. I was using the Beacon only and it started tracking someone else. I think because it always uses both visual and GPS. Once we separated enough it realized where the GPS signal was coming from. Maybe this will improve if I use the phone as well.
I blame the results of that test on the guy posting the video. First he's flying in an area where he's basically camouflaged by the brush up to his waist then add a low sun angle and shadows he's very hard to see in much of that video, if we as viewers can't hardly pick him out then the drone isn't going to do much better when it's using visual tracking. Early on in the video with the standoff distance he was using the drone was relying on GPS tracking and was doing fine, likely would have continued to do so. That's what he should have stuck with in those conditions but when he pulled it in close it switched back to visual tracking and almost immediately lost the subject. No surprise there considering what it had to work with. All he would have had to go to get it locked back on quickly would have been to push the blue SD butting on the beacon and reposition the drone a little or pushing the (-) button, that would have forced it back to GPS tracking and the drone would have homed in the the beacon's GPS location. Manually flying it into position works but it's time consuming. I've found that somewhere around the second standoff distance (from the closest) the drone will switch from relying on visual tracking distance to using GPS. I say somewhere because if during it's avoidance and tracking if the maneuvers causes it to come in close it will sometimes switch back to visual for a period of time.
Reactions: drrags
Hmm, I really have to read up on this. . .
I am new to the Skydio and was under the impression that it always works with a GPS position when using the beacon and uses visual to compliment.
So, what actually does the blue SD button do, when you push it during tracking?
When you push the button it links the beacon position to the drone in anticipation for wanding (is that a word?), if you don't wand it at that point that's all that happens, if it's lost you it will use that info to re-acquire. Once you get some flights in you'll start seeing the tracking differences and their limitations. I often film at speed and it switches over to GPS almost every time. I just posted
a video where it sought me out when I was out of sight behind a cliff, I'm pretty sure it's using visual and GPS at that point. I directed the drone in closer at that point and you can see it switched to visual and locked onto the other person, If I would have left it distant the drone would have continued to track me. One of the techs from SD told me it weights the two modes of tracking and makes a decision which to use, I can say it almost always uses GPS when it's further away, when it's close you'll realize it's switching between the two, especially if it looses sight of the subject.
Reactions: drrags and VEGASROBBI
singular.droid
From my experience S2 is not 100% accurate in tracking and can't keep up tracking you with speed above 10kmh in forest. But forest is a very difficult terrain for drones as well as piloted drones and apart from this I believe most of issues will be solved with further software updates. As for light conditions as well as some others- definitely you will find hardware limits and this is something true. But being just 1000 usd consumer device it is hard to expect it can see in the dark and fly like it has been piloted by human brain. I skipped S1 some time ago just because I wanted tech to become mature enough
Now is time
flymyjunk
Maybe it lost interest due to the fact the "runner" was going so slow. Lol just kidding. It's poor lighting in a camo-like area. I would say it did pretty well.
UNIXman
Jefferson County, Colorado
In this video, I was using the beacon, and intentionally "threw obstacles into it's path" by choosing different directions to fly around me. You can see that up close, it used visual, and out a ways, the GPS did a phenomenal job of tracking me. No visual at all when it was going around trees and houses, but it kept following me accurately.
de KØUNX, Jim, in Jefferson County, Colorado
Visit my videos at https://Vimeo.com/JimFlannery
Looks like the S2 is doing a good job of predicting where you'll be (AI at work) if its in an uncluttered environment.
Whats really impressive is how it can do so given the speed you are travelling.
dmac1
New pilot here and haven't had a chance to do much with the drone, but doesn't it seem like it would be better if we could select the mode it follows in? I mean, what does optical gain vs GPS? Is the image from the camera more accurate? It actually seems the opposite in that it will lock on the wrong person. I was surprised to learn it uses optical when a beacon is employed. Has anyone talked to SD about this?
YouTube: ADV-dmac
Actually, OPTICAL is more accurate and doesn't suffer from latency. GPS accuracy depends on the number of satellites that it locks onto at any given time. In flat country, GPS is more accurate than it is in the canyons of my state of Colorado, where most of the sky is often blocked by cliff walls. So I'd leave things as they are. If you look at a map, where your position is indicated by a dot on the map that represents your GPS position, you'll see that dot wander around a bit. Sometimes by a hundred feet or so.
UNIXman said:
Yeah, I'm in Colorado too...too cold to fly and gonna stay that way for awhile.
What I'm wondering is if anyone knows if SD considered giving us the option to select what mode the SD2 uses as primary for follow. I can select how my Mavic Pro follows, but it doesn't do either (optical or gps) well hence why I got SD2.
With SD2, as I understand it, we currently have no control...it uses what it thinks is best so clearly switching is already programmed in....but I've been told it can take off optically following the wrong person even when beacon is being used.
That concerns me for when riding where there may be other riders and it seems to me that there could be solutions involving a setting where a pilot tells it, up front, for example:
1- use the program we currently have; 2 - GPS controls, lock optical to GPS coords and follow via it always;, or 3 - use current setting (autonomous) but if get X distance from GPS coords, abandon optical lock and go to GPS coords and follow via that until otherwise instructed via Beacon.
The object is to avoid a lost drone. Just some newb ideas....
dmac1 said:
Whereabouts in Colorado? Yeah, we've been blessed with SHORTS weather for a while, and it's time for us to make like the bears and hibernate for a while. Just upgraded two bicycles, and am itching to try out the upgrades as soon as the weather cooperates!
No, I think you're reading too much into "problems." This bird is really SMART. As you gain experience, you'll appreciate it's smarts more and more. Skydio frequently updates the software to make the bird smarter with each update. The choices that the bird chooses are pretty darned close to what I would choose as far as when to use optical or GPS. If anything, it makes better choices than I'd make.
I'm surprised at how WELL it knows "which target" to acquire. It isn't OFTEN that it wants to follow the wrong target, and if you're flying with the beacon, it pretty well figures out when it acquired the wrong target, and corrects to the correct target. You'll gain confidence the more you use it. BTW: I also fly a Phantom 4, Mavic Pro, M2P. More and more, I'm choosing the Skydio as my drone of choice unless I want to fly a long distance. This is a bird for "close-in action," while the DJI line has the ability to fly far away. The "6 mile flight to Warren Mountain" on my channel was recorded with a Phantom 4. You couldn't do that with the Skydio.
So where in Colorado are you?
Thanks for the info! Hopefully will get to try out SD2's follow myself sooner rather than later, but yeah, it'll be at least a week.
I'm in Elbert county...about 5 miles from Elizabeth, out in the country in an area of alot of 50-60' Ponderosa pines. Its pretty, but my property isn't great for flyin autonomous drones...at least until I know what its going to do.
I see you're in Jeff Co. Where at? I too ride bicycles (mtb and road) but my main use for SD2 will be on dirt bikes.
I'm 10 kM SW of Littleton, near where C-470 makes it's "great bend" from EW to NS. Near Chatfield State Park. There should be some great spots in Elbert, Kiowa, Douglas and Arapahoe Counties for that. I ride both a MTB and E-Bike. I'm 76 years old with a badly mangled right leg, so it took 3 years on the E-bike to build up my leg for riding the MTB. It still isn't strong, but in flat country I am doing pretty well. I just can't pull hills with this leg. I ride the riparian trails at Chatfield most every day.
I saw this on and also your other videos with the S2 and it really showed some good tracking, even when you have been obstructed. Great job . . .
Now I saw that Jim got his S2 back with the home button.
In another video a guy explained that you have to fly it manually right above the logo of the box and then can start to land.
So, how is it working now?
Can you just press the home button and it will returns to the box, or do you have to wait until it hovers above the box and then press the land button?
Ridefreak said:
Great riding video. loved it. Unfortunately my riding times are over
GPS signal issues with Motion Track
Mojarras
Skydio 2+ Jan 9, 2023
**sold** Skydio 2 unused battery for sale. +/- $30
Classifieds Dec 9, 2022
CoreySnipes
Skydio 2 Connectivity Issue, no WiFi, cannot pair with Beacon, Controller, and App
Mblitar
Skydio 2 Nov 21, 2022
Hello from South Louisiana
brianyoung74
Pilot Check In Dec 29, 2022
dirkclod
Skydio 2 battery pins description
fracz
Hardware Mods
Hardware Mods Nov 5, 2022 | {
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In Moscow's Crosshairs: The History of Ukraine
Has "modern Ukraine been created entirely by Russia", as Putin claims? The documentary provides the historical background to the current invasion by Russian troops and traces Ukraine's path to independence.
Even the tsars took rigorous action against any manifestation of a separate Ukrainian identity. At first, the declaration of independence in 1918 was bloodily fought by the Bolsheviks, and Kiev was occupied by the Red Army. Anyone who still spoke Ukrainian in public risked being killed.
Then Ukraine was allowed to join the Soviet Union as a republic – as a supplier of grain and later as a weapons manufacturer. Repression from Moscow, a devastating famine, the invasion of the Wehrmacht in 1941 and the liberation of Kiev by the Red Army at the end of 1943 followed. After the Second World War, Ukraine was allocated new parts of the country, most recently the Crimea. It was not until the rise of Michael Gorbachev that separatist movements formed again in Ukraine, followed by the declaration of independence after the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Putin still regards this development as the greatest catastrophe of the 20th century. He accuses the leadership in Moscow at the time of having "the collapse of historic Russia, the USSR, on their conscience". Since 2014, a proxy war between the Western-oriented part of the country and the Russia-affiliated east has been waged in Ukraine, including by force of arms.
Available for French and Spanish Speaking territories only
current-affairsdocumentarieshistory
Production: Spiegel TV
Director: Michael Kloft and Andreas Hancke | {
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Sunblock: The Next 50 Years of Solar Eclipses in Washington
The Northwest is not exactly famous for its sunshine. Would we miss it if it was taken away? Suddenly? Sure, a miles-thick nimbostratus might darken our skies from time to time and volcanic ash has been known to turn some of our cities' noontimes to night, but how often does several thousand miles of solid, extra-terrestrial rock come between us and our favorite star?
Not often at all.* The last total solar eclipse — an astronomical phenomenon caused by the moon passing between the earth and the sun thereby casting a shadow on us — visible from anywhere in the state of Washington happened more than 30 years ago.
I remember that morning, February 26, 1979, because we kids were permitted to linger at home an hour before going to school. The sun came up somewhere behind the clouds, everything went dark for a few minutes, then daylight resumed. Had I been with my brother in Maryhill I might have witnessed the moon's disc slide completely across the sun, banishing daylight and calling back the stars for a few minutes. But even in overcast Tacoma the peculiar mid-morning nightfall was fascinating.
Many years have passed since then. Will totality strike Washington again soon? For today's list we decided to spin the astrolabe 50 years into the future and list all the eclipses that might be visible from here. About twenty partial eclipses are due in that coming half century, starting with one precisely a year from today: Oct 23, 2014. The best eclipse of the lot, however, will come 34 months later on August 21, 2017. At about 10:20 that Monday morning, the thin shadow of totality will slide into northern Oregon from the Pacific and roll east and south toward South Carolina. If you watch from anywhere in Washington, you'll see a partial eclipse. With 99% of the sun covered, Vancouver will have an almost total eclipse, but you'd have to venture still farther south — near Salem, Oregon — to be cast into the pits of darkness.** The two-minutes of totality coupled with the much longer partial eclipse phase fore and aft might be worth the short trip to the Beaver State. We'll have a close call with an annular eclipse streaking through Oregon in 2023, too.
FAR FUTURE: We looked for the holy grail — a total eclipse in the state — but couldn't find one any time soon. Not in this century, at least. The closest after 2017, won't come until September 14, 2099. That's right: 2099! That's when a totality shadow will pass through British Columbia north of us. The main shadow of an annular eclipse, however, will next cross through Washington on July 3, 2094. It will cut a wide diagonal path from Bellingham to Clarkston and all parts south and west. The remainder of the state — the north central, northeast, and Spokane areas — will be in the partial shadow. Another annular eclipse will graze the Longview and Vancouver area Nov 15, 2077. Each of these three events, of course, involve a very long wait. It might be best to enjoy the partial eclipse of 2014, plan for the near-total eclipse in 2017, and for goodness sake hope for good weather.
SOLAR ECLIPSES VISIBLE FROM WASHINGTON, 2013-2063
DATE TYPE VISIBILITY FROM WASHINGTON
2014 Oct 23 Partial Partial throughout Washington.
2017 Aug 21 Total Partial throughout Washington, but very near total. The path of totality runs horizontally across northern Oregon. Vancouver and Portland will be 99% total; Salem 100%.
2023 Oct 14 Annular Partial throughout Washington. The path of annularity runs through Oregon.
2024 Apr 8 Total Partial throughout Washington.
2026 Aug 12 Total Partial in extreme northeast Washington only, if at all.
2029 Jan 14 Partial Partial throughout Washington.
2033 Mar 30 Total Partial throughout Washington.
2039 Jun 21 Annular Partial throughout Washington.
2040 Nov 4 Partial Partial throughout Washington.
2044 Aug 23 Total Partial throughout Washington.
2046 Feb 5 Annular Partial throughout Washington, with the path of annularity ending near the Oregon-Idaho border.
2054 Sep 2 Partial Partial throughout Washington.
2055 Jun 27 Partial Partial throughout Washington.
2056 Jan 16 Annular Partial throughout Washington.
2057 Jul 1 Annular Partial throughout Washington.
*Solar eclipses are not common. There are typically two or three somewhere in the world during any given year and not all of them are total eclipses. They might be annular. That's when the moon, farther away than normal, isn't large enough to cover the sun, but manages to block most of its center and leave a bright ring-of-fire around it. There are also partial eclipses in which the moon passes above or below and merely grazes part of the sun's disc. Even the few that are total reach totality along only a very narrow ribbon of the earth's surface. And that ribbon is more likely to cast a shadow across open ocean than any particular landmass. So it's a special event when the moon passes in front of the sun where you happen to be. Most people yearning to see an eclipse must travel. And hope for good weather when they get there.
**I'm sure being cast into the pits of darkness is not what most visitors expect when they visit Salem. Or even Eugene.
PHOTO: The corona of the sun during a total eclipse, August, 1905.
SOURCES: This list was long in the making. We first learned of the 2017 eclipse in 1979 — long before WA-List was a household name. In more recent years, we sifted through various reports and resources that calculated eclipses. Dates worldwide were easy to come by, but detailed shadows maps were not. Some maps were excellent in an astronomical sense, but were understandably not designed to be precise down to a state boundary level. As a consequence, it took some time to determine how close some eclipse shadows approached Washington. We believe our final list is accurate. The Astronomy Department at the University of Washington kindly confirmed our dearth of total eclipses through the next century and shared the main shadow tracks of several of our closest encounters. The best sources for eclipse data that we found online included the US Naval Observatory, the UK Hydrographic Office, the International Astronomical Union, MrEclipse.com, and eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov. | {
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Home > Politics
Here's What Happens When a Congressman-Elect Dies Before Taking Office
By Jamie Lerner
This month, Congressman-elect of the 5th Congressional District of Louisiana came down with COVID-19. On Dec. 29, he died from complications related to the virus. As the family mourns, the nation is left with the question: What happens now? Well, the rules of what to do in the case of a current congressman or congressman-elect dying are different for every state. What most likely will happen since Congressman-elect Luke Letlow has died would be a special election.
December has been the deadliest month for COVID-19 deaths in the United States, and our political leaders are no more immune to the novel coronavirus than we are (except for those who have already gotten the vaccine). Luke Letlow, who was only 41 years old, came down with COVID-19 earlier this month. As his condition worsened, his future constituents began to wonder what would happen if he dies.
Here's what happens when a congressman-elect dies.
Since Congressman-elect Luke Letlow has died from this all too deadly pandemic, his constituents are wondering what happens now. He was elected in the recent November election to replace the incumbent, Rep. Ralph Abraham, who committed to only serving three terms as a congressman. Letlow, who was also a Republican, was supposed to swear into his new position this coming Sunday, Jan. 3.
Instead, Governor of Louisiana John Bel Edwards will call a special election. Special elections are called whenever there is an unexpected vacancy in office. In this case, Abraham will not continue as U.S. Representative, and the position will be left open until the special election. According to Louisiana Secretary of State Kyle Ardoin, this special election will most likely be combined with another special election to replace Congressman Cedric Richmond, who will be part of President-elect Joe Biden's cabinet.
It is with heavy hearts that @FirstLadyOfLA and I offer our condolences to Congressman-elect Luke Letlow's family on his passing after a battle with COVID-19. #lagov
— John Bel Edwards (@LouisianaGov) December 30, 2020
There is a scheduled primary on March 20 for Louisiana, so it's looking more and more like Governor Edwards will call the special election for March 20 as well, so that the citizens of Louisiana only need to make one trip to the polls. Congressman Abraham has shared that he will not seek reelection, but that he is looking into alternatives so that the people of his district are represented until the special election takes place.
While Congressman-elect Luke Letlow is certainly not the first to die of COVID-19 complications, it is significant as a young healthy man with lots of political potential, especially to his voters. He posted publicly on Facebook on Dec. 18 about coming down with COVID-19, but had to get hospitalized on Dec. 23. Since then, he underwent several treatments, including some of the experimental ones that President Trump needed to recover.
Our hearts break tonight as we process the news of Congressman-elect Luke Letlow's passing.
I spoke with his wife, Julia. Judy and I are praying for her and their two young children during this terrible time.
— Kevin McCarthy (@GOPLeader) December 30, 2020
However, after a surgery to remove a blood clot, a common symptom for younger people who are infected with COVID-19, he suffered from a heart attack, and passed away shortly after. The congressman-elect leaves behind his wife and two young children, just exacerbating the devastation of this disease. Politicians on both sides of party lines have shared their condolences.
102-Year-Old Woman Beat COVID-19 Twice and Lived Through the Spanish Flu
Anti-Vaxxers Could Be Banned from Work if They Refuse to Get the COVID-19 Vaccine
Former Texas Congressman Ron Paul Had a Health Scare While Livestreaming | {
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Residents and visitors to Battersea Power Station are treated to an abundance of amenities from restaurants to shops to public squares. However, what every good community needs is a big public park. Battersea Park just 10 minutes away can provide a quiet paradise in south London to stroll and get active.
Battersea Park is probably one of the best public spaces in London. For one thing, it's one of the larger parks in central London. Another reason why Battersea Park is so great is that it has been designed for multiple leisure activities, not simply strolling and lounging on the lawn like many other parks in central London.
The park has a very interesting history. It first started as a duelling ground and a marshy farm providing food for the people of London. Then in 1858, Battersea was reborn as a park, after a bill was passed in the UK parliament for a new royal park.
For fans of English football, the very first Football Association match in England was played in Battersea Park in 1864.
While the old theme park and festival gardens no longer exist, the park is host to sports facilities and entertainment for children. The Battersea Park Children's Zoo is a great place to take your family and take in some nature.
Two cricket pitches, tennis courts, a running track and football pitches (for football and field hockey) are available to stay fit and active. More relaxing ventures include the Pump House art gallery or rowing a boat in the Boating Lake.
Battersea Park is also the site of many popular public events. Food festivals, dog shows, concerts and races are also common.
The Bonfire Night fireworks on November 5 are said to be one of the best displays in the city. Anyone who lives near the site, especially those in Vista and Circus West Village and future residents of Battersea Power Station and Battersea Roof Gardens would have front-row tickets to any display.
Sounds enticing? Copperstones has a wide variety of units available throughout Battersea Power Station and Nine Elms. Contact us now on +44 207 258 6150, 08445 555 555 or [email protected] to learn more. | {
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i am fire, i am death
This is becoming a regular thing, isn't it, I write about the weather? Like there's nothing else going on. But since my nation's currently a dumpster fire, well... I am not happy that my state is also burning, burning. Again. Especially since the new horror of a tax bill will not allow deductions for fire-disaster expenses because it's a mean-spirited partisan piece of malice.
Anyway, wind, ash, dust, wind, more ash, smoke. I'd rather have an actual dragon burning shit up, with actual gold in a hoard somewhere, so that we could at least pay for the rebuilding afterwards.
And we can't say "climate change" because... because... I guess we don't do science anymore? Man, I don't get that. I don't get the social conservatism, either (oh, let's just call it bigotry), but that's all amygdala. But science?
A process of trying to understand the world's materialist function, from observation and experimentation and extrapolation from principles. A search for the fucking rules, which would seem to be right up some people's alley, and yet--isn't. Rules for society! But not rules for the planet.
But also...facts, I guess. People imagine science is facts, and sometimes it is, but more often it's an evolution of understanding. (Here I fall back on my Kuhn, and The Structure of Scientific Revolution). New data emerges, new theories float, new tests, new knowledge. I think it's kinda awesome.
I was flipping through a Signals catalog the other day (paper. I KNOW.) and there's a whole page of astronomy-themed stuff, and there's this solar system bracelet with, yes, Pluto on it. And the ad copy made a big deal of that, like including Pluto was something subversive, a strike against The Man who wants to take away our ninth planet. My first thought was "pretty bracelet" and my second was, FFS, Pluto? Come on.
When I was growing up, I learned that we had nine planets. Then, when I was an adult, I learned that the solar system was more complicated than that, and the ninth planet had been reclassified. And then the fight reignited about planetary classifications, and Pluto might be a planet again...along with 110 other bodies out there, This did not make me sad. Or upset. Or anything, except yay, science! A new thing has been learned about how solar systems form!
But people did get upset, as if Pluto's reclassification, as if this new knowledge, was some kind of personal assault on The Way Things Are. No need to go relearning new things, why, we had nine planets when I was a kid, and nine planets are good enough now, too. And somehow the debate was evidence that those scientists are just silly, fighting over that stuff...all while insisting that Pluto was a planet because that was what they learned from a book when they were kids (which is, you know, pretty silly too).
I don't get it. I mean, I do--sometimes new data, new information, overturns something we found comforting or comfortable, and it sucks. But that's emotional reflex. Discomfort is part of growth and change, and change and growth are necessary and constant. Or they should be.
By K. Eason at December 07, 2017
Labels: flotsam, manufactured outrage, ohFFS, politics | {
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Boeing offers C-17B as piecemeal upgrade
By Stephen Trimble2008-08-19T15:00:00+01:00
Elements of Boeing's proposed upgrade package for transforming the C-17A into a more suitable theatre transport could be added piecemeal rather than in a single, $2 billion development package, a company executive says.
That detail could be a key factor for the "C-17B" concept to gain joint US Air Force and US Army approval, and, thus, to preserve the life of the production line far into the next decade.
Boeing has identified eight major upgrades required to make the C-17B a true tactical airlifter.
© USAF
The package includes higher thrust engines and double-slotted flaps for "extreme" short-field landings adding a centre main landing gear with tyre inflation and deflation an engine-out control system (EOCS) a precision landing augmentation system (PLAS) an all-weather, autonomous landing system (AALG) an opportune landing site (OLS) system and the advanced situational awareness and countermeasures system (ASACMS).
Rolling eight upgrades into a single upgrade package presents several potential risks for the Boeing proposal.
First, launching a new development programme may require the USAF to launch a lengthy requirements setting process. The same tactic may also result in a need to compete the contract.
The Airbus A400M would be available for export by 2015, and the incumbent tactical transport supplier - the Lockheed Martin C-130 team - may seek to offer a challenger.
However, Boeing is also seeking to offer the C-17B as a series of discrete upgrades to the current C-17 fleet, says Alan Baker, a Boeing business development official.
In fact, Boeing is already on contract to supply the first of the C-17B upgrades - the ASACMS defensive suite - as an upgrade in the next production lot for the C-17A.
The other four major software upgrades - EOCS, PLAS, AALG and OLS - have been developed through grants by the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, says Bob Ciesla, Boeing's C-17 deputy programme manager.
Boeing is also preparing to develop prototype models to demonstrate the major structural upgrades, to include the uprated Pratt & Whitney F117 engines, the new Goodrich landing gear and double-slotted flaps.
In addition, the company has considered developing a new, all-composite wing and integrating scaled-down versions of the General Electric GEnx-1B and -2B engines currently powering the Boeing 787 and 747-8, respectively, Baker says. This upgrade, however, is considered a low probability, he adds, because it may be more cost-effective to develop an all-new aircraft.
The spiral upgrade plan, of course, requires the USAF to continue buying the C-17 in annual batches of 15 aircraft through at least 2014.
Boeing is counting on the US Congress to provide funds to buy another 15 aircraft in the fiscal year 2009 supplemental budget, raising total USAF deliveries to 220 and extending production through at least 2011.
Lockheed Martin F-35 deficiencies: two fewer in 2020, 871 issues remain
Lockheed Martin managed to reduce the total number of identified problems with its F-35 Lightning II stealth fighter by two in 2020 – though 871 deficiencies remain.
Ukrainian armed forces to take three An-178s
Antonov is to embark on production of three An-178 airlifters for the Ukrainian military, under a newly-agreed memorandum of co-operation. Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky, participating in an event to mark the pact, has also indicated that the government is interested in creating an airline this year which will use ...
Northrop Grumman to add new electronic warfare capabilities to F-35
Lockheed Martin has granted a contract to Northrop Grumman to increase integration between the F-35 stealth fighter's communications, navigation and identification system and its electronic warfare systems. | {
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Humayun Tomb
Humayun's Tomb is the first distinct example of proper Mughal style, which was inspired by Persian architecture. Although Sikandar Lodi's tomb was the first garden-tomb to be built in India, it is Humayun's tomb which set up a new vogue, the crowning achievement of which is the Taj at Agra. There is also a somewhat common human impetus behind these two edifices-one erected by a devoted wife for her husband and the other by an equally or more devoted husband for his wife.
This magnificent Humayun's Tomb also known as Baby Taj is located in Nizamuddin east, New Delhi. It was built by the orders of Hamida Banu Begum, Humayun's widow starting in 1562 and took 8 years to complete. The complex was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993, and since then has undergone extensive restoration work. The highly geometrical and enclosed Paradise garden is divided into four squares by paved walkways (khiyabans) and two bisecting central water channels, reflecting the four rivers that flow in jannat, the Islamic concept of paradise. Each of the four square is further divided into smaller squares with pathways, creating into 36 squares in all, a design typical of later Mughal gardens.The central water channels appear to be disappearing beneath the tomb structure and reappearing on the other side in a straight line, suggesting the Quranic verse, which talks of rivers flowing beneath the 'Garden of Paradise. The building was first to use its unique combination of red sandstone and white marble, and includes several elements of Indian architectural, like the small canopies, or chhatris surrounding the central dome, popular in Rajasthani architecture and which were originally covered with blue tiles. It is the first distinct example of proper Mughal style, which was inspired by Persian architecture. It is still maintained in its original grandeur.
Humayun Tomb VIDEO | {
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PM Modi to feature in Man vs Wild episode with Bear Grylls – UKMALAYALEE
Foreign doctors, nurses and health professionals in UK
Suspension of scheduled international passenger flights to
Sunak's rise in UK's political scene surprises everyone in
Senior doctors and consultants in UK retiring earlier,
UKMALAYALEE > PM Modi to feature in Man vs Wild episode with Bear Grylls
PM Modi to feature in Man vs Wild episode with Bear Grylls
Tuesday 30 July 2019 8:25 AM UTC
NEW DELHI: In a first, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will feature in Discovery Channel's show 'Man Vs Wild' alongside the popular host and adventurer, Bear Grylls.
Shot in the Jim Corbett National Park, the special episode will be broadcast on August 12 at 9 pm and will be showcased in 180 countries around the world.
Elated about the association, the Prime Minister said he was both intrigued and inclined to take part in the show.
"For years, I have lived among nature, in the mountains and the forests. These years have a lasting impact on my life. So when I was asked about a special programme focusing on life beyond politics and that too in the midst of nature I was both intrigued and inclined to take part in it," Modi said.
The Prime Minister said he took this as an opportunity to showcase India's rich flora and fauna and to emphasise on environmental conservation.
"For me, this show presents a great opportunity to showcase to the world India's rich environmental heritage and stress on the importance of environment conservation and living in harmony with nature.
It was a great experience spending time in the jungle once again, this time with Bear, who is blessed with indefatigable energy and quest to experience nature at its purest," the Prime Minister added.
Modi and host Grylls will also be seen building a raft to cross a jungle river together.
Grylls termed it a "privilege" to be taking Modi on an adventure into the Indian wilderness. "I feel truly honoured to get to spend time with this remarkable world leader. The wild reminds us that we need each other and that together we are stronger.
I am so excited to spend time with the PM and to get to know the man who leads this great nation," he said.
PM Modi has retweeted Bear Grylls' tweet.
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The After Dinner Scholar
Education:Self-Improvement
The Constitution, Philosophy, and Pope John Paul II with Judge Leon Holmes
In an op-ed column in...
In an op-ed column in USAToday last week, Wyoming Catholic College senior Anthony Jones wrote: "I gathered with the entire student body of Wyoming Catholic College on Sept. 17, 2019, for a mandatory celebration of Constitution Day. We began with the Pledge of Allegiance, witnessed a lively panel discussion between professors on the history and modern relevance of America's founding principles, and concluded by singing patriotic songs."
Anthony Jones went on, "If you are a student at a typical American university, that description probably sounds foreign to anything you have experienced. Anti-Americanism has spread across college campuses like a wildfire, igniting rage and resentment against anything perceived as oppressive — even the American flag. As a result, most universities would likely shy away from a celebration of our nation's founding in favor of more 'inclusive' events."
On September 17 of this year, Anthony along with the rest of the student body of Wyoming Catholic College as well as faculty and staff gathered to celebrate Constitution Day 2020.
This year we heard from retired federal judge, Dr. Leon Holmes. Judge Holmes received his PhD in political science from Duke University and his JD from the University of Arkansas School of Law. He served sixteen years on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Retiring from the court earlier this year, Judge Holmes is a visiting professor this fall at Wyoming Catholic College.
On the Anointing of the Sick with Dr. Kent Lasnoski
Lifting Our Eyes to the Hills and Studying the Rocks with Prof. Lauren Heerschap
"Shakespeare's Rome": The 2021 Wyoming School of Catholic Thought with Dr. Glenn Arbery
Taming the Christmas Rush with Fr. David Anderson
Time, Space, and Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity with Dr. Michael Bolin
"This Holiday of Spirits": Jane Austen, Courtly Love, and Happy Endings with Dr. Tiffany Schubert
Fear and Kingship: The Life of Saul with Dr. Jeremy Holmes
Advent: Season of Waiting with Msgr. Daniel Seiker
The Civic Virtue of Thanksgiving with Dr. Pavlos Papadopoulos
Carpe Diem: The Poetry of Horace with Prof. Eugene Hamilton
Euclid: From a Point to "The Death Star" with Dr. Henry Zepeda
Hospitality in Homer's "Odyssey" with Prof. Adam Cooper
Why Sacred Art is Necessary to the Faith with Prof. David Clayton
Chaplaincy and Spiritual Life at Wyoming Catholic with Msgr. Daniel Seiker
Pursuing Poetic Knowledge with Dr. Jim Tonkowich
The Founding of Rome and the Question of Honor with Dr. Pavlos Papadopoulos
The Wrath of Achilles: Reading Homer's Iliad with Dr. Glenn Arbery
Lecture: "Beauty is Truth: How Poetry Enriches Science" by Dr. Tiffany Schubert
Lecture: "Beauty is Truth: Beauty and Science" by Dr. Jeremy Holmes
Self Improvement Daily
رادیو راه با مجتبی شکوری
BPLUS بیپلاس پادکست فارسی خلاصه کتاب
The Jordan Harbinger Show | {
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Learn the Secrets of The Oscar-Nominated Sound Department for Star Wars: The Last Jedi
By The Credits
Quick, what's the first thing you think of when you think of Star Wars? You might be surprised to find that what pops in your head isn't a specific image, but perhaps a sound. Whether it's the potent hum of a lightsaber, the deep, sonorous voice of Darth Vader (thank you, James Earl Jones), the beeps of R2-D2 or the high-pitched whine of a TIE-Fighter's laser canons, Star Wars is as much a sonic experience as it is a visual one. The lightsaber, for example, has one of the most iconic sound designs of any prop in film history. For that, you can thank the great Brett Burtt, original sound designer of Star Wars and one of the most important members of Lucas's original team.
The sound for every Star Wars film is created and mixed at Skywalker Ranch, where some of the best sound editors and mixers in the world ply their talents on a galaxy far, far away. For the Oscar-nominated team who worked on Star Wars: The Last Jedi (they were nominated for both editing and mixing), a new documentary from ABC News is taking you into their editing bay to learn their secrets, their lucky breaks (an intern is responsible for finding the porgs signature cry…from turkeys), and find out why one of the most moving moments in The Last Jedi had no sound at all, which prompted theaters to warn viewers that no, the sound system is not broken.
"Sound is still such a mystery," writer/director Rian Johnson says at the top of this new trailer. "It's not just a layer that you put on top of the storytelling, it is the storytelling."
One of the most surprising things you'll learn in this trailer is that for all of Skywalker Ranch's incredible technology, and the expertise of their staff, many of the sounds are made practically, with foley artists physically banging things together. While Star Wars seems like an all digital creation, much of it is made in just this way, whether it's lovingly created, handmade creatures or practical effects, Star Wars: The Last Jedi, like previous films in the franchise, is as much DIY as it is computer generated effects.
The doc will debut on ABCNews.com/features on February 20, 2018.
Featured image: Star Wars: The Last Jedi. The planet Crait. Photo: Film Frames Industrial Light & Magic/Lucasfilm ©2017 Lucasfilm Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
TAGSStar Wars: The Last Jedi
The Credits
The Credits is an online magazine that tells the story behind the story to celebrate our large and diverse creative community. Focusing on profiles of below-the-line filmmakers, The Credits celebrates the often uncelebrated individuals who are indispensable to the films and TV shows we love.
Meet the Background Actors Who Populate HBO's "Perry Mason" – Part IV
Actor, Driving Economic Growth, Interviews, Policy, Television
Olivia Wilde Will Direct Female-Centered Marvel Movie For Sony | {
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Mr. CEO, Let's Get Divorced
Name:Mr. CEO, Let's Get Divorced Author:
Yu An'an is almost in the tone of crying, tears in his eyes are more and more fierce.
"So I know that even if we get married, I'll never be better than sister Mu Qing in your heart. You don't love me, did not love before, do not love now, and will not love in the future. Between us, there are only responsibilities and obligations, no love, how can two people bound by family interests have love..."
"so yesterday, I proposed to cancel the engagement, your first reaction It's not to save me, but to protect sister Mu Qing. I knew that my decision was right. Brother Zeyang, I let you go, and I also let go of myself... "
" An'an, I'm sorry... "Li Zeyang frowned. He always thought that the little girl who had not grown up had grown up unconsciously. In the final analysis, he cared too little about her, even if there was no love I didn't do enough for her.
"It doesn't matter, brother Zeyang," Yu An'an raised the back of his hand and wiped the tears on his face. "At least now, we can still be the same as before. You can be my big brother. It's better than that we are bound by marriage and hate each other."
"In fact, I always want to tell you that since you love Qingjie so much, you should snatch her over. Like me, at least I have won over you."
"An'an, you don't understand, love is mutual," Li Zeyang said with a faint smile. "Even if two people who love each other, even if they are separated, there will be a day of reunion. But Mu Qing doesn't love me, and I will never take her away. So, like you, it's not good for me to choose to let go and be a friend."
"Brother Zeyang, will you meet the girl you like in the future?" Yu An'an was staring at him.
"Yes," Li Zeyang raised a warm smile, and his thoughts gradually drifted back to many years ago. "Just like at that time, I never thought I would meet her. In the future, there will be someone who will replace the love at first sight..."
when she came back from a hospital in the city, Du Xiaojing felt that her whole body had completely collapsed, so she called The steps of the ladder to the door of the house were all moving with difficulty against the wall.
Trembling, she took out the key from her bag and opened the door. Just holding the door handle, she was soon pushed into the room by a force from behind. Then the door was slammed.
Du Xiaojing falters for two steps and nearly falls to the ground. When she reacts, she turns her head in horror. As expected, she sees Lei Yifeng's sinister face.
"Why do you come to me?" The last trace of blood on Du Xiaojing's face faded away and glared at him fiercely.
"I need your help." Lei Yifeng went to the sofa and sat down. "Yilin escaped from Lu chenfan's hand. I must send her away now, or we will both die. But Lu chenfan's people are staring at me closely. You can think of a way to give her a sum of money and send her abroad."
"I told you long ago that there is no relationship between us, and I will not do anything for you again!" Du Xiaojing covered her abdomen and walked wearily to the sofa and sat down.
"You don't understand the truth of one day's husband and wife's hundred day grace?" Lei Yifeng raised a treacherous smile on his face, got up and sat down beside her, and lifted her chin. "Do you want me to help you find memories? I sleep so many women, or you taste better...
"Lei Yifeng, you bastard Du Xiaojing raises his hand and is about to hit him in the face. Lei Yifeng grabs the declining hand.
"The more you resist, the more excited I am..." she leaned over and couldn't wait to kiss her neck.
"Lei Yifeng, let me go." Du Xiaojing struggles with her hands and feet, but Lei Yifeng is more violent.
"Well, you may come. I just came back from the abortion operation. In case of human life, you can see who can send Tang Yilin away for you..." Du Xiaojing stopped fighting and began to sneer at her lax eyes.
"Abortion?" Lei Yifeng stopped, got up and looked at her coldly, "my child?"
"Yes, your child, not worthy to be in this world!" Du Xiaojing grinned at him.
"Pa!" It's a sound.
Lei Yifeng gave her a slap in the face and said, "do you deserve it or not! Do what I told you, otherwise, I will give you another child
"You can't do it!" Du Xiaojing shouts at the back of him, and Lei Yifeng stops.
"If you want to get Tang MuQing, it will never be possible," Du Xiaojing sneered. "You see, even if you hurt their children, are you cured as well? They suffer for a while, in exchange for a better and sweeter life. What about you? You can only live in purgatory and never get a day of redemption. Let go. While we are still free to live, do you have to be tortured to live like Tang Yilin before you give up? "
"I don't need you to teach me how to do things!" Lei Yifeng hook hook lip corner, voice cold and insidious, "do you think I don't want to go back? I can't go back. As early as many years ago, I couldn't go back. I'm a bad man, but this was forced by Lu chenfan. He married my favorite woman. He let me know that power can be above anything. I was forced to be like this by him step by step. So why should I let go? "Lei Yifeng finished, and then took a new step out of the door.
"I won't help you. I won't make mistakes again and again. I won't let a Chen hate me..." Du Xiaojing slowly lay down in the sofa, shivering.
two months later, G city has entered the cold winter, and Tang MuQing's stomach has grown bigger. Wearing Lu chenfan's maternity clothes specially designed for her by foreign designers, her daily range of activities is in Lu's house, and even the labor inspection can't resist Lu chenfan, so she moves the instruments to her home.
After a winter rain, the weather became even colder. When Lin Xinyou left work at night, he went to Jing'an District and bought Tang MuQing some fried chestnuts with sugar.
"MuQing, you should eat less. It's time for dinner." Lin Xin you said on the mouth, the hand or keep helping her peel.
"It's rare to eat it once. Can sister Xin Let me eat enough?" Tang MuQing has a flattering smile on his face.
"You eat so much every day. Why doesn't meat grow anywhere except your stomach?" Lin Xinyou looked at her slender limbs and couldn't help worrying, "have you ever asked Dr. Li if it's not well absorbed? Can the baby have a problem? "
"No problem with the baby. Does Xinjie think it's normal for a woman to get fat after giving birth? I'm still a few pounds thinner than before I was pregnant Tang MuQing chuckled and asked Lin Xinyou to hook her finger and let her put her ear close. She said in a voice that only two people could hear, "sister Xin, I told you that the cup was upgraded one gear after I gave birth to fruit, and recently I found that it was growing again. Even Lu chenfan said that the handle has improved...
" ah? So you're perfect? Tang MuQing, are you still allowed to live? " Lin Xinyou complained, "no, I have to get married and have children."
"Sister Xin finally has this consciousness," Tang MuQing said with a smile. "Otherwise, you can look for it nearby. Besides me and Chen fan, you are all single. Isn't it good to make a right one..."
Lin Xinyou:...
after dinner, Lin Xinyou idly rummaged on the sofa and said, "MuQing, when will fruit return Come on, I really can't leave him. I knew I should have gone to Paris with them... "
" soon, Aaron said that he would be back next week, "Tang MuQing looked at her with a smile," Aaron is taking fruit back to attend a classmate's birthday. By the way, your hearts have gone with him. Ruiqi and Cheng Yue have gone to Paris with you Tianniandao, I heard that Zeyang also chats with him every day. "
After that, did you ever talk about Muyang's engagement Lin Xinyou was so excited that he sat up straight from the sofa. "I see that when you had your birthday last month, both of you didn't speak alone...
on Christmas Eve, Tang MuQing refused to hold a birthday party because he was pregnant and couldn't wear beautiful clothes. He just invited everyone to come to Luxi for dinner.
"I didn't talk about it." Tang MuQing shook his head.
"What's the matter with you? Have you stopped talking all your life?" Lin Xinyou gets bored.
"I didn't care, but he didn't talk to me. I couldn't take the initiative to talk to him, did I? And I don't know how to speak. " Tang MuQing put down the book in his hand, "OK, you have a rest early. I still have something to discuss with Chen fan. Go upstairs first."
"Shall I help you?"
"No Tang MuQing held his back with one hand, touched his stomach with the other, and walked slowly up the stairs.
After knocking on the door of the study, Lu chenfan's deep voice came from inside, "come in."
"Husband, what are you doing?" Tang MuQing pokes out his small head and looks at Lu chenfan in front of his desk.
"Qinger, come in quickly." Lu chenfan got up and went forward, supporting her to sit on the sofa.
"Recently, you shut yourself up in your study after supper every day. Are you plotting something? Well? " Tang MuQing looked at him suspiciously.
"My wife can go to work with the FBI," Lu chenfan said with a smile, kissing the corner of her lips and leaning over her stomach. "Is the daughter still quiet?"
"Isn't it nice for girls to be quiet?" Tang MuQing gently touches his hair. Last month, when he had a birth examination, he had determined the baby's gender. He was the girl Lu chenfan was looking forward to.
"Baby, daddy loves you very much." Lu chenfan kisses Tang MuQing's stomach through his clothes.
"Husband, I want to tell you something."
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Download Eat Meat And Stop Jogging Ebook PDF
Eat Meat and Stop Jogging
'Common' Advice on How to Get Fit Is Keeping You Fat and Making You Sick
by Mike Sheridan
Nutrition and Fitness Expert, Mike Sheridan, uncovers everything that's 'wrong' with fat loss and exercise advice in Eat Meat And Stop Jogging. Inspired by personal practice and supported by credible research, Mike discusses the flaws in the prevailing recommendations to get fit, and illustrates the negative affect on our health and body composition. Despite conventional beliefs, Eat Meat And Stop Jogging contends that the instruction to limit red meat, restrict calories, increase fiber, run long distances, avoid saturated fat and reduce cholesterol is increasing our waistline, decreasing our lifespan, and leading to an unnecessary struggle.
Live It Not Diet!
Eat More Not Less. Lose Fat Not Weight
After uncovering the backwards advice on fat, cholesterol, cardio, and carbohydrates in Eat Meat And Stop Jogging, Mike Sheridan delivers his progressive plan for losing the fat and keeping it off without restricting calories, over-exercising, or sacrificing your health. Live It Not Diet! is a rock-solid step-by-step blueprint that transforms the average person into a strong, healthy, fat burning machine.
Lies My Doctor Told Me Second Edition
by Ken Berry
Publisher : Victory Belt Publishing
Has your doctor lied to you? Eat low-fat and high-carb, including plenty of "healthy" whole grains—does that sound familiar? Perhaps this is what you were told at your last doctor's appointment or visit with a nutritionist, or perhaps it is something you read online when searching for a healthy diet. And perhaps you've been misled. Dr. Ken Berry is here to dispel the myths and misinformation that have been perpetuated by the medical and food industries for decades. This updated and expanded edition of Dr. Berry's bestseller Lies My Doctor Told Me exposes the truth behind all kinds of "lies" told by well-meaning but misinformed medical practitioners. Nutritional therapy is often overlooked in medical school, and the information provided to physicians is often outdated. However, the negative consequences on your health remain the same. Advice to avoid healthy fats and stay out of the sun has been proven to be detrimental to longevity and wreak havoc on your system. In this book, Dr. Berry will enlighten you about nutrition and life choices, their role in our health, and how to begin an educated conversation with your doctor about finding the right path for you. This book will teach you: how doctors are taught to think about nutrition and other preventative health measures, and how they should be thinking how the Food Pyramid and MyPlate came into existence and why they should change the facts about fat intake and heart health the truth about the effects of whole wheat on the human body the role of dairy in your diet the truth about salt—friend or foe? the dangers and benefits of hormone therapy new information about inflammation and how it should be viewed by doctors Come out of the darkness and let Ken Berry be your guide to optimal health and harmony!
SUMMARY: Lies My Doctor Told Me - 2nd Edition: Medical Myths That Can Harm Your Health By Ken D. Berry, MD | The MW Summary Guide
by The Mindset Warrior
Publisher : KP
An Easy to Digest Summary Guide... ★☆BONUS MATERIAL AVAILABLE INSIDE★☆ The Mindset Warrior Summary Guides, provides you with a unique summarized version of the core information contained in the full book, and the essentials you need in order to fully comprehend and apply. Maybe you've read the original book but would like a reminder of the information? ✅ Maybe you haven't read the book, but want a short summary to save time? ✅ Maybe you'd just like a summarized version to refer to in the future? ✅ In any case, The Mindset Warrior Summary Guides can provide you with just that. Lets get Started. Download Your Book Today.. NOTE: To Purchase the "Lies My Doctor Told Me"(full book); which this is not, simply type in the name of the book in the search bar of your bookstore.
Eat Bacon, Don't Jog
Get Strong. Get Lean. No Bullshit.
by Grant Petersen
Publisher : Workman Publishing
This is your brain on Grant Petersen: Every comfortable assumption you have about a subject is turned upside down, and by the time you finish reading you feel challenged, energized, and smarter. In Just Ride—"the bible for bicycle riders" (Dave Eggers, New York Times Book Review)—Petersen debunked the bicycle racing– industrial complex and led readers back to the simple joys of getting on a bike. In Eat Bacon, Don't Jog, Petersen upends the last 30 years of conventional health wisdom to offer a clear path to weight loss and fitness. In more than 100 short, compelling directives, Eat Bacon, Don't Jog shows why we should drop the carbs, embrace fat, and hang up our running shoes, with the latest science to back up its claims. Diet and Exercise make up the bulk of the book, with food addressed in essays such as "Carbohydrate Primer"—and why it's okay to eat less kale—and "You'll Eat Less Often If You Eat More Fat." The exercise chapters begin with "Don't Jog" (it just makes you hungry and trains muscle to tolerate more jogging while raising stressors like cortisol) and lead to a series of interval-training exercises and a suite of kettlebell lifts that greatly enhance strength and endurance. The balance of the book explains the science of nutrition and includes more than a dozen simple and delicious carb-free recipes. Thirty years ago Grant Petersen was an oat-bran-, egg-white-, lean-meat-eating exercise fanatic who wasn't in great shape despite all that. Today, at sixty, he is in the best shape of his life with the blood panel to prove it.
The Art of Running
Want to be the best half, full, ultra marathon man? A great, inspirational running & training book bestseller for beginners to get you there quickly!
by Daisy Edzel
Publisher : JNR via PublishDrive
"How an out of shape, exercise-hating beginner can transform to an impressive long distance runner within months" Looking to go from couch potato to a physically fit and healthy runner -- heck even a FULL marathon finisher? This book has it all! It contains all the resources for a complete beginner (up to novice level), to succeed at this physically and mentally demanding sport! You will be armed with techniques (outergame) and psychological tools for motivation (innergame), to help you keep up with the inner turmoils, motivation related issues and other hardships, especially in long distance runs where every part of your being just wants to give up! I will not waste your precious time with useless information you won't use. Instead, I'll provide practical and straight forward solutions, daily and weekly plans (resources section) and the best practices to help you succeed. YOu will be armed to the teeth with everything you could ever need to finish your first long distance races and beyond. Here's what you can expect to learn from this course: What it Takes to Run a Marathon Timeframe Beginner Stage Intermediate Level Advanced Level Mental Preparation Setting Goals Running Alone Versus Running with a Buddy How to Use Running Gadgets Get Enough Rest Distinguishing Between Good Pain and Bad Pain Having a Proper Form and Breathing Technique Which Part of Your Foot Should Strike The Ground First? Different Training Styles Training Gear Clean Bill of Health Warming Up and Cooling Down Marathon Race Strategies Running Motivations How to fall in love with running Avoid running injuries Running schedules and plans Marathon Specific Training Trail Running Tips and Mistakes to Avoid Uphill and Downhill Running Running and Losing Weight Heart Rate Training And much, much more... Grab your copy here...
The Gastronomy of Marriage
A Memoir of Food and Love
by Michelle Maisto
Publisher : Random House
"On our first date, Rich ordered a chocolate soufflé at the beginning of the meal, noting an asterisk on the menu warning diners of the wait involved. At the time, I imagined he did it partly to impress me, which it did, though today I know well that he's simply the type of man who knows better than to turn down a hot-from-the-oven soufflé when one is offered to him." When Michelle Maisto meets Rich–like her, a closet writer with a fierce love of books and good food–their single-mindedness at the table draws them together, and meals become a stage for their long courtship. Finally engaged, they move in together, but sitting down to shared meals each night–while working at careers, trying to write, and falling into the routines that come to define a home–soon feels like something far different from their first dinner together. Who cooks, who shops, who does the dishes? Rich craves the light fare his mother learned to prepare as a girl in China, but Michelle leans toward the hearty dishes her father knew as a boy in Italy. Rich eats meat, but Michelle doesn't. His metabolism races through carbohydrates, hers holds to them tightly. And while her idea of a quick meal is a fried egg, his is to head to a restaurant. After Rich takes additional work to pay for their wedding, Michelle offers to do his half of the cooking chores–which, along with the newness of their living together, challenges her feelings about the kitchen and what it means to be a modern wife. As they save and plan for a wedding, the nightly compromises, small generosities, and stubborn stakings of ground that take place around the dinner table offer a context in which Maisto considers what she's learned from the marriages around her, and what she and Rich might create for themselves.
The Vegetarian's Guide to Eating Meat
A Young Woman's Search for Ethical Food
by Marissa Landrigan
Publisher : Greystone Books Ltd
Growing up in a household of food-loving Italian-Americans, Marissa Landrigan was always a black sheep—she barely knew how to boil water for pasta. But at college, she thought she'd found her purpose. Buoyed by animal rights activism and a feminist urge to avoid the kitchen, she transformed into a hardcore vegan activist, complete with shaved head. But Landrigan still hadn't found her place in the world. Striving to develop her career and maintain a relationship, she criss-crossed the U.S. Along the way, she discovered that eating ethically was far from simple—and cutting out meat was no longer enough. As she got closer to the source of her food, eventually even visiting a slaughterhouse and hunting elk, Landrigan realized that the most ethical way of eating was to know her food and prepare it herself, on her own terms, to eat with family and friends. Part memoir and part investigative journalism, The Vegetarian's Guide to Eating Meat is as much a search for identity as it is a fascinating treatise on food.
Fasting For Health and Highness
Why doctors offer surgery and pills instead of cleansing fasts
Publisher : Adventure1 Publications
Evening's Empire
THE YEAR IS 1967. In England, and around the world, rock music is exploding—the Beatles have gone psychedelic, the Stones are singing "Ruby Tuesday," and the summer of love is approaching. For Jack Flynn, a newly minted young solicitor at a conservative firm, the rock world is of little interest—until he is asked to handle the legal affairs of Emerson Cutler, the seductive front man for an up-and-coming group of British boys with a sound that could take them all the way. Thus begins Jack Flynn's career with the Ravons, a forty-year journey through London in the sixties, Los Angeles in the seventies, New York in the eighties, into Eastern Europe, Africa, and across America, as Flynn tries to manage his clients through the highs of stardom, the has-been doldrums, sellouts, reunions, drug busts, bad marriages, good affairs, and all the temptations, triumphs, and vanities that complicate the businesses of music and friendship. Spanning the decades and their shifting ideologies, from the wild abandon of the sixties to the cold realities of the twenty-first century, Evening's Empire is filled with surprising, sharply funny, and perceptive riffs on fame, culture, and world events. A firsthand observer and remarkable storyteller, author Bill Flanagan has created an epic of rock-and-roll history that is also the life story of a generation.
Never Shower in a Thunderstorm
Surprising Facts and Misleading Myths About Our Health and the World We Live In...
by Anahad O'Connor
Publisher : Michael O'Mara Books
Ever been told that reading in bad light will damage your eyes? Or have you ever noticed that mosquitoes seem to attack some people more than others? Or perhaps you would just really like to know why on earth you shouldn't shower in a thunderstorm? For the reader of an inquisitive or sceptical bent, Never Shower in a Thunderstorm lays bare the truth behind the many myths about our health and the world we live in, including: Do tall people live longer than short people? Does celery have negative calories? Why you should never go to work on Mondays? Is chocolate really an aphrodisiac? Covering all aspects of health and human nature, including DNA, sex, exercise, food, the environment, germs, medicine, stress, and general wellbeing, Never Shower in a Thunderstorm is a fascinating look at the truth behind the myths.
Self-Loathing for Beginners
by Lynn Phillips
Publisher : Santa Monica Press
Self-Loathing for Beginners is a wickedly funny take on our relentlessly upbeat self-improvement culture. Breaking ranks with the happiness police who have convinced us that self-loathing is just one more thing to hate about ourselves, author Lynn Phillips will show you, the beginning self-loather, how to self-loathe properly. By studying this book's mini-essays, Q&As, mantras, and tips from self-loathing masters, you will learn the most effective ways to develop your self-loathing potential. Whether you are sabotaging your career, bungling a relationship, or cheating on the latest fad diet, Self-Loathing for Beginners is the essential primer on how best to despise yourself!
Cooking with the Ancients
The Bible Food Book
by Arlene Stadd
Publisher : Glenbridge Publishing Ltd.
The Fertility Plan
A proven three-month programme to help you conceive naturally
by Jill Blakeway,Sami David
Infertility medicine today is all about aggressive surgical, chemical and technological intervention. But making babies originally was - and is still best as - a natural process. In the UK it is estimated that approximately 1 in every 7 couples have difficulty conceiving and 1 in 80 babies is born as a result of IVF treatment. While 75% of people seeking help with their fertility try alternative treatment, few doctors are aware of how the disciplines of Western and Eastern fertility treatment can be used together to achieve the best results. This is a unique collaboration that combines the best of Dr David's and Jill Blakeway's expertise. In THE FERTILITY PLAN they show that half of women who use IVF could have got pregnant without it if the right knowledge and advice were available to them, and they share their proven 3-month plan that increases women's chances of conceiving naturally.
Motivate Me!, Lynette Renda
by Lynette Renda
Publisher : Lulu.com
Let Lynette Renda and 100 of her guests from the podcast Motivate Me! motivate you into living a life that is more exciting, more meaningful. One in which you incorporate a passion that makes you WANT to wake up in the morning. Read the histories of her
Physical Fitness and Wellness
Changing the Way You Look, Feel, and Perform
by Jerrold S. Greenberg,George B. Dintiman,Barbee Myers Oakes
Publisher : Human Kinetics
This comprehensive text aims to provide students with the information, strategies & motivation they need to help themselves improve the way they look, feel & perform.
The Bulletproof Diet
Lose up to a Pound a Day, Reclaim Energy and Focus, Upgrade Your Life
by Dave Asprey
Publisher : Rodale
In his midtwenties, Dave Asprey was a successful Silicon Valley multimillionaire. He also weighed 300 pounds, despite the fact that he was doing what doctors recommended: eating 1,800 calories a day and working out 90 minutes a day, six times a week. When his excess fat started causing brain fog and food cravings sapped his energy and willpower, Asprey turned to the same hacking techniques that made his fortune to "hack" his own biology, investing more than $300,000 and 15 years to uncover what was hindering his energy, performance, appearance, and happiness. From private brain EEG facilities to remote monasteries in Tibet, through radioactive brain scans, blood chemistry work, nervous system testing, and more, he explored traditional and alternative technologies to reach his physical and mental prime. The result? The Bulletproof Diet, an anti-inflammatory program for hunger-free, rapid weight loss and peak performance. The Bulletproof Diet will challenge--and change--the way you think about weight loss and wellness. You will skip breakfast, stop counting calories, eat high levels of healthy saturated fat, work out and sleep less, and add smart supplements. In doing so, you'll gain energy, build lean muscle, and watch the pounds melt off. By ditching traditional "diet" thinking, Asprey went from being overweight and sick in his twenties to maintaining a 100-pound weight loss, increasing his IQ, and feeling better than ever in his forties. The Bulletproof Diet is your blueprint to a better life.
Don't Worry (It's Safe to Eat)
The True Story of GM Food, BSE and Foot and Mouth
by Andrew Rowell
An investigation of science, politics and our food production system, this text exposes the bogus science, political interference and flawed policies that threaten our food supply. The author tells the story of BSE, revealing how top scientists have been muzzled and how the epidemic continues. Then, against a backdrop of burning cows, Andrew Rowell exposes how trade and macro-economic policies overruled good science in the foot and mouth catastrophe. He also opens the black box of the so-called GM revolution to expose the myth behind the marketing. In tracing how critics are silenced in the bottom-line climate of commercialized science and privatized knowledge, Rowell tells the true story of the widely publicized Pusztai GM potato scandal of the late 1990s and the ongoing Mexican maize GM contamination affair. Finally, the book offers radical solutions to make science work in the public interest and provide food that really is safe to eat.
by Alexander Theroux
Publisher : Fantagraphics Books
This is a collection of the National Book Award-nominated author's poems: sonnets, odes, ballads, and more. The publication of Alexander Theroux's Collected Poems, a gathering of more than 660 poems, an astonishing creative output, will be among the major literary events of the year. Here is a full cornucopia of sonnets, odes, ballads, free verse, triolets, pure, satires, narratives, dramatic monologues, fanciful meditations, flytings and harangues, ruminations on death and lost love, and no end of lyrics both beautiful and fierce. Taken altogether they contrive to make up a record of the author's deepest thoughts and reflect the dramatis personae of his life. Theroux captures in his work those rare, frail, but precious truths, inaccessible to the common run of men that would otherwise have vanished into nescience. Sardonic, astute, impertinent, tender, clever, warmhearted, delphic, truculent, comic, defiantly aggressive, and often achingly personal, he shows an intensity of observation and invention.
A Parents' Guide, Second Edition
by Rachel Bryant-Waugh,Bryan Lask,Consultant Psychiatrist Bryan Lask
Eating problems in children and teenagers are very common. Yet myths about the problem abound and it can be very difficult to separate the facts from popular beliefs; unusual or disturbed eating patterns can be understandably bewildering and distressing for parents. Whatever aspect of your child's eating behaviour is causing you concern, this book will help you understand some of the more common reasons why problems arise, and will give you advice on what you and others can do to manage the situation. Written by experienced clinicians, this new edition of Eating Disorders: A Parents' Guide is dedicated to clarifying the subject of eating disorders. Combining an accessible and straightforward introduction to the subject with practical advice, this book represents the first step towards diagnosis and treatment. Case-studies are used to help parents to understand their children's experiences of this complex and challenging subject and sensitive advice is offered on a range of issues, including: how to identify a complete range of eating difficulties how to approach specific problems where to seek help and treatment. This book will be welcomed by anyone who is concerned about the eating habits of their children and will be invaluable to professionals working with those suffering from eating disorders.
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
Hydraulic Fracture Modeling
A Severe Mercy
Endless Knight
Your Inner Fish
The Psychology of Music
Roadmap to Successful National Digital Health Ecosystems
A Practical Writing Guide for Academic Librarians
Python Passive Network Mapping
Drug Discovery Targeting Drug-Resistant Bacteria
Current Advances for Development of Functional Foods Modulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
What Happens When I Talk to God
Executor's Guide, The
Camptothecin and Camptothecin Producing Plants
Mary Berrys Baking Bible
180 Doodle Quilting Designs
Certifiable Software Applications 1
Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency
Dog Man: Brawl Of The Wild
Practical Management of Pediatric and Adult Brachial Plexus Palsies
Earth Observation for Flood Applications
3D Printing in Medicine and Surgery
A Memoir by the Creator of Nike
Handbook of Adhesives and Surface Preparation
Eastern Body Western Mind
The Iliad
Interior Design Reference Manual
Advanced Polyimide Materials
Buddha's Brain | {
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NFL Player Ryan Broyles and His Family Live on $60,000 a Year
Detroit Lions wide receiver Ryan Broyles lives on a budget despite millions.
SUSANNA KIM
Ryan Broyles of the Detroit Lions in action against the New York Jets, Sept. 28, 2014, at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, N.J.
Ryan Broyles of the Detroit Lions in action against the New York Jets, Sept. 28, 2014, at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, N.J. Jim McIsaac/Getty Images
— -- Detroit Lions wide receiver Ryan Broyles may have a NFL contract worth more than $3.6 million, but his family of three are choosing to live on $60,000 a year.
Broyles, 27, and his wife Mary Beth are living on a budget to avoid the bankruptcy path that befalls many professional athletes, Broyles said, noting he met with a financial adviser after he was drafted in 2012, according to ESPN.
Friendless and Nearly Broke, Terrell Owens Says 'I'm in Hell'
About $1.4 million of his contract was guaranteed -- meaning he'll get that no matter what -- but Broyles avoided splurging and instead has put much of his money toward retirement and investments.
"Then you know how much you can invest, how risky you can be," Broyles told ESPN. "Then, when I was hitting the same budget over three, four, five months, it was all right, this is what your budget is and I had some spending money."
Detroit Lions wide receiver Ryan Broyles speaks during an event at 101 Constitution Avenue with the National Bankers Association, Visa, and NFL players, March 18, 2015, to educate teens about financial responsibility.
Detroit Lions wide receiver Ryan Broyles speaks during an event at 101 Constitution Avenue with the National Bankers Association, Visa, and NFL players, March 18, 2015, to educate teens about financial responsibility. Tom Williams/Getty Images
Many are applauding his move, especially given that he isn't guaranteed to play with the Lions this year. He may be trying to avoid the fate of NFL players like Terrell Owens. The former wide receiver who played with the San Francisco 49ers, Philadelphia Eagles and Dallas Cowboys said in 2012 that the $80 million or so he made in his career was nearly gone.
Broyles and his wife, his high school sweetheart, both drive Mazdas, including one he recently bought, and he still has the car from his days at the University of Oklahoma: a 2005 Chevrolet Trailblazer. He studied "human relations" and graduated in the fall of 2011, his website states. The couple, who welcomed one child, Sebastian, this summer, bought their first home in Texas and have two dogs. Broyles checks his investments daily on a cell phone app and participates in NFL's matching 401(k) plan.
Selected in the second-round of the NFL draft, the All-American was picked as the 2012 Detroit Lions Rookie of the Year by the Detroit Sports Broadcasters Association.
Broyles' Twitter description states, "Your talent is Gods gift to you, what you do with it is your gift back to God! Living for The Lord & married to my best friend."
Aug 11, 5:44 PM | {
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SéminArts Photo: Sébastien Roy
SéminArts advanced series
SéminArts is an educational program consisting of five sessions offered in collaboration with the Claudine and Stephen Bronfman Family Foundation. It offers you a rare opportunity to meet various players in the art world.
5 evening sessions on Wednesdays October 3 and 17, November 7 and 21, and December 5, 2018
Primary market / secondary market
Date: Wednesday, October 3, 2018, from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.
Location: Galerie Simon Blais
Presentation of Galerie Simon Blais and the artists it represents
Tour of Jean McEwen ̶ Poèmes barbares and Refus global ̶ 70th anniversary (1948-2018) shows
Discussion about the difference between modern and contemporary artists, the primary and the secondary market
Contemporary artistic practices: painting today
Date: Wednesday, October 17, 2018, from 7 p.m. to 9 p.m.
Location: Anthony Burnham's studio
Meeting with Anthony Burnham and studio visit
Slide show presentation titled: Painting after Photoshop
Q & A and discussion
Artistic mediums: Prints
Date: Wednesday, November 7, 2018, from 5:30 pm to 7:30 pm
Location: BAnQ Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie
Presentation of the main techniques of printmaking through the Mémoire de papier show
Study of original prints at the reading room
Tour of the storerooms and information about the preservation of works on paper
Institutional Collection: MAC Collection
Date: Wednesday, November 21, 2018, from 7 p.m. to 9 p.m.
Location: Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal
Presentation of the MAC collection and management of acquisitions with Marie-Eve Beaupré, curator of the collection
Visit of the paintings vault with Anne-Marie Zeppetelli, collections and information resources manager and digital cultural plan manager
University Galleries: Leonard & Bina Ellen Gallery at Concordia University
Date: Wednesday, December 5, 2018, from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.
Location: Leonard & Bina Ellen Gallery at Concordia University
Leonard & Bina Ellen Gallery mandate and collection
Tour of Vincent Meessen. Blues clair show with Michèle Thériault, director and curator
Public Programs and Education with Robin Simpson
5 sessions, Wednesday evenings
$225 (tax included) for 5 sessions / 15% off for MACarte holders
$45 (tax included) per session / $40 (tax included) for MACarte holders
For reservation and to receive the detailed programming: [email protected]
514 847-6244 / [email protected]
About SéminArts
SéminArts is an educational program consisting of five sessions offered in collaboration with the Claudine and Stephen Bronfman Family Foundation. In an atmosphere that encourages discussion and the sharing of ideas, each session introduces participants to various players in the art world, including artists, art experts, private collectors, corporate collectors, dealers, exhibition curators, museum curators, etc.
See All SéminArts
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What's on at the museum today
Wednesday July 17th 2019 Choose another date
Current exhibition - Collection
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26 06 2019 The 17 07 2019
Art Mediation
Our art mediators will answer your questions!
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Wednesday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday
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Available by reservation | {
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Mona Mansour and Scott Illingworth Launch New Theatre Company
The NYC-based Society will see members generate new material through rigorous research, improvisation, and discussion.
A Look at The Legend of Georgia McBride at Milwaukee Repertory Theater
By Nathan Skethway | 01/17/2020
The play from Inheritance playwright Matthew Lopez began performances January 14.
Immersive Sideways the Experience to Open Off-Broadway
The California wine country dramedy will take over the Theatre at St. Clements.
The Off-Broadway musical based on Jodi Picoult's novel begins April 21 at the Tony Kiser Theatre.
Broadway Green Alliance Sets Date for Winter E-Waste Drive in Times Square
Broadway industry members and patrons are encouraged to donate electronic waste at the event.
The Legacy of Andrew Lloyd Webber: An Interactive Timeline
The composer of The Phantom of the Opera, Cats, Evita, and many others has had a lot to celebrate throughout his career. Do you know all of the high notes?
Watch Snippets of the New Unmasked: The Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber Inside the Paper Mill Playhouse Rehearsal Room
By Roberto Araujo | 01/17/2020
Tracy Letts' The Minutes Finds Its Broadway Creative Team
Jessie Mueller, Letts, Armie Hammer, and more will star in the upcoming production at the Cort Theatre.
League of Professional Theatre Women Will Remember 8 League Members at January 27 Memorial
Betty Corwin, founder of Theater on Film and Tape Archive at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, is one of the eight league members who passed away in 2019. | {
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ntl:Telewest offers DSL bandwidth guarantee
DSL broadband service provider ntl:Telewest is offering businesses a way to improve the quality of their network connection, which it says would make DSL more practical for corporate use.
The download and upload speeds for home users of DSL is highly unpredictable and depends on the number of people connected to the same line. This unpredictability makes DSL unsuitable for critical business use, where users and applications like IP telephony and video conferencing require guaranteed bandwidth.
ntl:Telewest Business, part of the Virgin Media group, has upgraded its network infrastructure to offer Class of Service options (CoS) on its DSL service. Class of Service (CoS) is a way for users to identify types of network traffic that require more bandwidth. The CoS from ntl:Telewest would enable smaller businesses and those that need to connect multiple branch offices to benefit from traffic prioritisation throughout their network, ntl:Telewest said. Such prioritisation would ensure that users, branches and core applications obtain the bandwidth they need.
"For the first time, businesses can exert the same control over traffic on their DSL lines as the rest of the network," said Stephen Beynon, MD of ntl:Telewest Business. "This makes the use of IP voice and other performance-sensitive applications a reality to all users of the network, not just those on the core. It will mean businesses really can capitalise on these applications for their home workers and smaller offices."
Read more on Networking hardware
DSL VPN advantages and disadvantages
By: Chris Partsenidis
Fast Guide to DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
ntl Telewest relaunches as Virgin Media Business
By: Alex Scroxton
Marks & Spencer, Tesco, BP and Thomas Cook lead flexible working charge
Call Connection chooses ntl:Telewest – ComputerWeekly.com
ntl:Telewest Business services up to the mark – ComputerWeekly.com
Copper Mountain aims for efficient ATM-based DSL nets – ComputerWeekly.com | {
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CrowdEye Adds Location And Sentiment Filters To Realtime Search
Erick Schonfeld @erickschonfeld / 10 years
Realtime search has come a long way from just a year ago when the only option really was Twitter's own search engine. Now Google, Bing, and a gaggle of realtime search startups all have products up and running (even Facebook is expanding its own realtime search to include everybody's public stream). Today, one of those realtime search startups, CrowdEye, released a bunch of new features that point the way to a better realtime search experience. In particular, it lets you filter your search by location and sentiment (expect Google and Bing to copy some of these soon).
CrowdEye is part of an early group of startups who recently got access to Twitter's full firehose of Tweets. Today, it turned on that firehose and is indexing a full 14 days of everything on Twitter. CrowdEye returns both links and Tweets as results, and lets you sort by relevance or time. It uses its own CrowdRank algorithm to come up with the most relevant Tweets.
But the best new features are the ones that let you sort by location and sentiment. The location filter shows only Tweets that come from a particular city or spot on a map (you can literally just place a marker on a drop-down Google Map to choose the location). The sentiment filter is more rudimentary. It only allows you to boost positive or negative results, but it doesn't show you the overall sentiment for a keyword.
CEO Ken Moss says he hasn't built that yet, but it shouldn't be too hard and could show how sentiment changes over time. Brands would love that, as well as the ability to get an overall sentiment score by location. With CrowdEye's new features, you can already filter by location and sentiment and read through the stream of results. For instance, here are negative Tweets about Pizza Hut in Chicago ("Why does pizza hut smell like this? How can people really ignore this odor? Why? Why? Why?"), and here are positive Tweets ("Just used the Pizza Hut app for the first time. Overall, great UX and pretty good pizza to back it up. Will definitely use it again."). Oh yeah, brands are going to be all over realtime location search.
My one compliant: There are no links back to each individual Tweet, only back to the Twitter account it came from. | {
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2Track list
3Discogs Information
Toggle Discogs Information subsection
3.1Credits
3.3Images
4Wikipedia Information
The Very Best Of The Smiths
From Morrissey-solo Wiki
Revision as of 06:49, 1 June 2022 by Famous when dead (talk | contribs)
THE SMITHS Compilation Album
Name The Very Best Of The Smiths
Release 4 June 2001
Total Length 78:34
Recorded 1983-1987
Writer/composer Morrissey/Marr
Producer Morrissey
Art work Cover star: Charles Hawtrey
Publisher WEA
Format(s) CD
Chart position UK #30
Compilation Album chronology
The Sound Of The Smiths
UK & Europe [WEA 8573 88948 2]
Panic – 2:19 (Morrissey/Marr)
The Boy With The Thorn In His Side – 3:16 (Morrissey/Marr)
Heaven Knows I'm Miserable Now – 3:34 (Morrissey/Marr)
Ask – 3:15 (Morrissey/Marr)
Bigmouth Strikes Again – 3:14 (Morrissey/Marr)
How Soon Is Now? – 6:43 (Morrissey/Marr)
This Charming Man – 2:41 (Morrissey/Marr)
What Difference Does It Make? – 3:50 (Morrissey/Marr)
William, It Was Really Nothing – 2:10 (Morrissey/Marr)
Some Girls Are Bigger Than Others – 3:14 (Morrissey/Marr)
Girlfriend In A Coma – 2:02 (Morrissey/Marr)
Hand In Glove – 3:21 (Morrissey/Marr)
There Is A Light That Never Goes Out – 4:02 (Morrissey/Marr)
Please, Please, Please, Let Me Get What I Want – 1:50 (Morrissey/Marr)
That Joke Isn't Funny Anymore – 4:57 (Morrissey/Marr)
I Know It's Over – 5:50 (Morrissey/Marr)
Sheila Take A Bow – 2:41 (Morrissey/Marr)
I Started Something I Couldn't Finish – 3:46 (Morrissey/Marr)
Still Ill – 3:22 (Morrissey/Marr)
Shakespeare's Sister – 2:08 (Morrissey/Marr)
Shoplifters Of The World Unite – 2:57 (Morrissey/Marr)
Last Night I Dreamt That Somebody Loved Me – 3:11 (Morrissey/Marr)
Stop Me If You Think You've Heard This One Before – 3:33 (Morrissey/Marr)
Discogs Information
Liner Notes - Paul Lester
Photography By - Paul Slattery
Photography By - Stephen Wright (4)
Producer - John Porter
Producer - Johnny Marr
Producer - Morrissey
Producer - Stephen Street
Remastered By - Bill Inglot
Remastered By - Dan Hersch
Written-By - Johnny Marr
Written-By - Morrissey
Front cover courtesy of Aquarius Library.
Track 2 listed as "The Boy With A Thorn In His Side". For the version without printing errors, see [r=9618271].
The Very Best Of The Smiths - Discogs master release: https://www.discogs.com/master/380875
The Very Best Of The Smiths (Compilation Misprint Remastered) - Discogs release: https://www.discogs.com/release/607877-The-Smiths-The-Very-Best-Of-The-Smiths
Wikipedia Information
The Very Best of The Smiths is a compilation album by English rock band The Smiths. It was released in June 2001 by WEA in Europe, without consent or input from the band. It reached number 30 on the UK Albums Chart. The album was not released in the United States.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Very_Best_of_The_Smiths
Retrieved from "https://www.morrissey-solo.com/w/index.php?title=The_Very_Best_Of_The_Smiths&oldid=24529"
The Smiths Discography
The Smiths Compilation Albums | {
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Marsh-Devine Artwork Catalogue
After putting the Bonham's original PAN artwork auction catalogue on recently I thought I would follow it up with another catalogue from around the same time. I borrowed it off fellow Pan Fan Jules Burt and I have scanned it in to make a Flash book. This sale was in response to the Bonham's one in that it was actually the artists themselves, namely Sam Peffer, Pat Owen and Edward Mortelmans, selling their artwork at an auction run by Simon Marsh-Devine in Bristol around the end of 1991. The catalogue is a photocopy and so the images are a little dark but with the listings I think most of them can be identified. Of note are the Peffer covers for several Fleming titles which I am told are now all owned by the Fleming family, can anyone confirm this?
Golden PAN Award
Statue used as model for PAN Award
Since the 1960's PAN has awarded a statue of the god Pan to authors who's books sell over a million copies. The award is based on a bronze statue from Southern Italy in the British Museum. Amongst the recipients of this award are Russell Braddon for "The Naked Island", John Le Carre for "The Spy Who Came In From The Cold" , Otto Frank on behalf of Anne Frank for "The Diary Of A Young Girl" and more recently Douglas Adams for "The Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy" and several for Wilbur Smith.
John Le Carre with his Golden PAN Award
Wilbur Smith with several Golden PAN Awards
Douglas Adams with his PAN Award
Otto Frank receiving his daughter's Golden PAN Award.
Someone once mentioned a link between PAN and Ballantine but not what it was. I have just found one in that the PAN wrap around covers for the Roger Coleman 'Shute' series from the early 70's are the same as the Ballantine ones. In the UK PAN gives no clues as to the cover artist but in the US Ballantine acknowledges inside the artist as Roger Coleman. I have found, through a third party, that Roger is now in his 80's and has become reclusive so I don't think I can't ask him if he knew his work was going to be used by two companies and more importantly, did he get paid twice? Neither PAN nor Ballantine mention each other inside the books.
Roger did artwork for many different publisher including the illustrations for this below for Reader's Digest Condensed Books in 1966. Incidentally Brian Sanders, George Sharp and John Raynes also did artwork for Reader's Digest.
Bonham's Catalogue 15th October 1991
I recently had a request for a scan of the Bonham's Catalogue of "Original Paperback Cover Artwork from the Pan Archive" as a reference source for a magazine article followed by "and I need it ASAP"
I scanned it all and then thought why not use the opportunity to make it into a Flash book so to view just click on the image below. As the catalogue has a glued spine it was not always possible to get it to lie flat without damaging it so some pages are a little awry.
This was the sale that caused so much bad feeling between the artists and PAN with several of them protesting outside the sale rooms. The dispute was over who had copyright of the artwork, the company or the artists? The artists always maintained they still retained ownership and the originals should not be sold. This was eventually resolved and the artists do now retain ownership of their works.
I also have the Bonham's Catalogue of "Original Corgi Paperback Cover Design from the 1950's, '60's and '70's" from 12th September 1990 if anyone is interested in that? | {
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Veteran journalist: I read "The 1619 Project." Critics need to calm down.
By Holly McCall
In Commentary, race
"The 1619 Project: A New Origin Story" is displayed at a New York City bookstore on November 17, 2021. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)
You'd have to be completely out of the political loop—and I suspect you aren't, if you are reading this—to not have heard of "The 1619 Project" and the brouhaha surrounding it.
A publication of journalist Nikole Hannah-Jones and The New York Times, "1619" first appeared in an August 2019 issue of the New York Times Magazine. In May 2020, Hannah-Jones was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Commentary for her opening essay.
It was in 1619 that African slaves were first brought to America—the year before the Mayflower arrived—and the dust jacket of the expanded book version of the project refers to it as "a new origin story." 1619, writes Hannah-Jones, is when the real story of America began, not 1776 when the American Revolution began.
I managed to miss out on reading the original version in the Times and I may not have maintained interest in it were it not for former President Donald Trump. Trump introduced many people to the project in September 2020, when he lumped it in with critical race theory, an academic concept many Americans had never heard of before. He called both "a crusade against American history . . . toxic propaganda, ideological poison that, if not removed, will dissolve the civic bonds that tie us together, will destroy our country."
I'm one of the people who had never heard of critical race theory before and now that I'm familiar with it, I feel confident telling you that your kids in public school aren't going to get schooled in it. While "The 1619 Project" has developed a curriculum that can be taught in schools, I also feel confident that wasn't going to happen in many public schools even before the legislatures in Tennessee and some other states passed laws earlier this year banning the instruction of critical race theory. [Editor's note: North Carolina lawmakers passed a similar bill, but it was successfully vetoed by Gov. Roy Cooper.]
But I like a challenge and there's nothing like the president of the United States calling writing "toxic" to make me want to check it out. I bought the book as soon as I could, read it as fast as possible and now I'm here to review it.
There's been so much Sturm und Drang over "The 1619 Project" from right wing groups like "Moms For Liberty" and Trump supporters, I was surprised the book didn't arrive with a big "Trigger warning!" sticker on it. I went into the book with an open mind, frankly expecting to be surprised by historical revelations.
I wasn't surprised, as much of the book seems to be common sense, but I learned a hell of a lot.
Nikole Hannah Jones
One of the most controversial assertions of Hannah-Jones' is that slavery was a primary motivation for the American Revolution. Most of us are taught a heroic story of America's founding, told that a group of upright white men pushed back against the tyranny and unfair taxation of the British Crown.
That's true, but of course, there is more to the story. The primary writers of the Declaration of Independence, Constitution and Bill of Rights were Virginians who were enslavers. We've long known Thomas Jefferson fathered at least six children with an enslaved woman, Sally Hemings, but both George Washington and James Madison also operated plantations with the labor of the enslaved.
Princeton University historian Sean Silenz was one of a handful of historians to criticize Hannah-Jones' theory, pointing out that not every man who was part of our Founding Fathers was pro-slavery.
That's also true, but many of us consider our own well-being when taking measures that may be publicly applauded, and more than one thing can be true. We can agree with Hannah-Jones that a number of America's early leaders may well have been attempting to protect their own interests by breaking off from England while also acknowledging that wasn't the only factor.
How else to account for the virulent reaction by colonists to the Dunmore Proclamation, the document through Virginia's royal governor, John Murray, the Earl of Dunmore, who announced if settlers took up arms against Britain, he'd free all the slaves in the state? It's not far-fetched to accept Hannah-Jones' theory that leading Virginians didn't want to lose access to slave labor but also to acknowledge the settlers may have also been fed up with King George III telling them what to do.
I'm barely scraping the surface of the book and much of its contents are inarguable. Ample studies exist to back up the information in Linda Villarosa's essay on medicine: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released data showing Black Americans were 1.4 times as likely to die of COVID-19, for instance. And no one will be surprised at claims African-American musicians and performers have had an incalculable influence on American culture.
When the pandemic started, I began taking history courses online through the Harvard Extension School for fun and I've been reminded over the last 18 months that interpretations of historical events evolve in much the way science does: as we explore our past, our knowledge grows. "The 1619 Project" adds a different and needed interpretation of America's history to our national discourse: It's nothing to be feared or vilified.
[Click here to read more about the controversy surrounding Nikole Hannah-Jones and the effort to hire her at the UNC School of Journalism.]
Holly McCall is the editor of the Tennessee Lookout which first published this essay.
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From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America
by Elizabeth Hinton Associate Professor of History and African American Studies and Professor of Law Elizabeth Hinton Associate Professor of History and African American Studies and Professor of Law
Paperback(Reprint)
Buy Online, Pick up in Store Favorite Book of the Year
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Edition description:
Elizabeth Hinton is Associate Professor of History and African American Studies at Yale University and Professor of Law at Yale Law School. From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime received widespread acclaim and was named a New York Times Notable Book and one of Oprah Magazine's "Books to Better Understand the History of Racism in America."
Introduction: Origins of Mass Incarceration 1
1 The War on Black Poverty 27
2 Law and Order in the Great Society 63
3 The Preemptive Strike 96
4 The War on Black Crime 134
5 The Battlegrounds of the Crime War 180
6 Juvenile Injustice 218
7 Urban Removal 250
8 Crime Control as Urban Policy 276
9 From the War on Crime to the War on Drugs 307
Epilogue: Reckoning with the War on Crime 333
Notes 343
Acknowledgments 433
From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime requires slow and careful reading for anyone seeking to grasp the full implications of this exceedingly well-researched work…The book is vivid with detail and sharp analysis…Hinton's book is more than an argument; it is a revelation…There are moments that will make your skin crawl…This is history, but the implications for today are striking. Readers will learn how the militarization of the police that we've witnessed in Ferguson and elsewhere had roots in the 1960s…A reader cannot help reckoning with the truth that the problem of police brutality and mass incarceration won't be remedied with technology and training. Those of us who believe in the principles of democracy and justice would do well to witness, as detailed in Hinton's pages, the shameful theft of liberty in this so-called land of the free.
New York Times Book Review - Imani Perry
A clear-eyed and timely book, it traces the country's cannibalistic prison industrial complex back to the social welfare programs created by Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty. This history is heartbreaking, but it is one that affects an enormous percentage of the country…Read it and vote—especially for the state legislators, judges, and district attorneys who exert the greatest influence over the system.
Brooklyn Magazine - Molly McArdle
Hinton demonstrates that from the beginning the Kennedy-Johnson War on Poverty was a battleground of ideas and policies between mostly grassroots struggles to extend the benefits of the New Deal to communities of color, and top-down efforts to construct the foundations of the urban carceral state…Hinton's cautionary tale is a must read for activists.
History News Network - Tony Platt
Hinton's well-researched book is filled with historical anecdotes painting a colorful picture of the nation's persistent struggle with crime since President Johnson coined the phrase 'War on Crime' more than fifty years ago…From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime is smart, engaging, and well-argued.
National Review - Lauren-Brooke Eisen
Hinton's book constitutes the most comprehensive analysis of the historical roots of mass incarceration to date. Those wanting to deepen the understanding of this history that they may have gained from The New Jim Crow, the Golden Gulag and The First Civil Right would do well to seriously engage this wonderful work.
Truthout - James Kilgore
Rich with details and synthesis that give the reader fresh insights into how the well-meaning policies of the Kennedy and Johnson eras went awry.
Los Angeles Review of Books - Priyanka Kumar
At a moment when policing's impact on African Americans and mass incarceration have again become topic of national conversation, Hinton's book is significant for its reminder that both liberals and conservatives share the blame.
Washington Post blog - Jeff Guo
An outstanding book—clear, compelling, and essential. Hinton excavates the deep roots of police militarization, surveillance of minority communities, and the punitive shift in urban policy. Her argument that liberals were key architects of the war on crime is a necessary and even urgent corrective to conventional thinking about mass incarceration.
Matthew Lassiter
A superb work that is a major and timely contribution to the history of mass incarceration. It powerfully resets and sharpens the debate among scholars on the interaction of federal and state dynamics in shaping the modern carceral state.
An extraordinary and important new book.
New Yorker - Jill Lepore
With more than 7 million Americans incarcerated or on parole or probation, leading to scholarly analysis and journalistic accounts of mass incarceration, and another 43 million living below the established poverty guidelines, Hinton's book is timely indeed…The nuanced analysis moves the research in criminology and poverty to heights not reached by others. This readable text is a must read for anyone working in these fields of research.
Choice - E. Smith
Hinton's careful excavation of the bipartisan federal drivers of mass incarceration is a significant contribution to the scholarly literature…Hinton challenges the prevailing understanding of mass incarceration's roots…Hinton has written a work of history, but most readers will see its contemporary implications as clearly as she does. Having shown how federal policy helped drive up the number of people incarcerated by or under the supervision of the criminal-justice system, she enables us to imagine how it might help bring the numbers down.
The Nation - James Forman Jr.
Magisterial.
The Guardian - Steven W. Thrasher
Elizabeth Hinton's richly researched new book barrels toward one chilling conclusion: beginning as early as the Johnson administration, federal authorities—regardless of political affiliation—systematically constructed a criminal justice regime that targets, criminalizes, polices, and imprisons staggering numbers of young black men, especially in urban areas…Hinton's documentation is thorough and compelling. As the chapters unfold, she makes clear that, between the late 1960s and early 1980s, the federal government slowly built a trap, creating the conditions for the mass incarceration of black youth with which are now so familiar…Hinton's book is a revelation and a must-read for the depths of evidence it marshals to document the persistent and active role the federal government plays in the rise of mass incarceration…It is a story that anyone concerned about how mass incarceration developed and how we might end it must read.
Boston Review - Kelly Lytle Hernández
From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime requires slow and careful reading for anyone seeking to grasp the full implications of this exceedingly well-researched work. While the introduction and the first chapter take a while to gain momentum, the remainder of the book is vivid with detail and sharp analysis. Stretching beyond the typical scope of an academic text, Hinton's book is more than an argument; it is a revelation.
The New York Times Book Review - Imani Perry
"The book is vivid with detail and sharp analysis. Stretching beyond the typical scope of an academic text, Hinton's book is more than an argument; it is a revelation." —New York Times
Hinton's (history & African and African American studies, Harvard) detailed, documented chronicle illuminates how America developed the world's largest prison system.
A Harvard historian examines the origins of "the foremost civil rights issue of our time." Over the past two years, deadly confrontations between police and young African-Americans, the demonstrations and movements these incidents inspired, and subsequent commentaries by writers such as Ta-Nehisi Coates have forced the issues of aggressive police practices and mass incarceration to the forefront of our national consciousness. Now comes Hinton (History and African and African-American Studies/Harvard Univ.; co-editor: The New Black History: Revisiting the Second Reconstruction, 2011) to remind us that these problems were a long time in the making. As the author demonstrates, President Richard Nixon's war on crime, Ronald Reagan's war on drugs, and George W. Bush's war on terror played roles in ratcheting up the militarization of police forces and the surveillance of the inner city. All contributed mightily to the vastly disproportionate numbers of African-Americans and Latinos currently filling our prisons. But Hinton goes even further back to Lyndon Johnson's Great Society programs and the unfortunate yoking of anti-poverty legislation with anti-crime laws. This unprecedented infusion of the federal government's authority, muscle, and dollars into crime prevention—primarily through the aegis of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration—distorted and eventually overwhelmed efforts to combat unemployment, address housing, and improve education. Academic readers will appreciate Hinton's archival deep dive into the various and successive congressional acts responsible, sometimes unwittingly, sometimes not, for what amounts in her terms to criminalizing poverty. She discusses the prevailing social science theories that informed those laws—James Q. Wilson and Daniel Patrick Moynihan take a beating—and frequently cites official reports and informal intergovernmental communications that expose the policymakers' thinking. General readers will be appalled at her portrayal of outrageous police practices, all fueled with LEAA money, that contributed to the agency's reputation as a "bureaucratic monster." Those whose politics differ from Hinton's will likely be inclined to quarrel with her diagnosis, but they'll be obliged to grapple with her fact-filled, scholarly argument. | {
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Dad's car became … devilishly sporty
April 24, 2022 by capricedefemmes.com
In 1985, when it went on sale, the Peugeot 309 was only available in a five-door body. The engines available were only petrol: 1.1l 55hp and 1.3l 65hp, both from Simca / Talbot.
The rest of the offer consists of more modern Peugeot XU engines: 1.6 l 75 hp and a 1.9 l 105 hp for the 309 GT. But now 105 hp is not enough to pull the 309 out of the shadows. It's especially the 205 that overshadows it … So, at Peugeot, we have an idea.
The 1.9-liter engine of the 205 GTI can be found in the 309 without any problems; as well as the undercarriage and braking system with two ventilated discs at the front and two solid discs at the rear. The pneumatic assembly was in the year 185 … Photo DR
A transplant story
Peugeot decides to offer its wise family sedan a more muscular version for sports lovers. In February 1987, the Peugeot 309 acquired a GTI sports version, only available as a three-door.
It uses the undercarriage and engine of the 205 GTI 1.9 that appeared three months earlier, offering 130 hp to the trunk of the trunk that weighs only 930 kg.
Trunk on which sits a small black spoiler, Porsche 924 S style. Like the 205 GTI, the 309 is equipped with 15-inch alloy wheels but, revolution, the 309 GTI has power steering as standard.
Small differences with the series
On the outside, the red strips highlight the black plastic bumpers. The front bumper is equipped with four additional "long-range" headlights and fog lights; on the back, there is a red GTI logo behind the number 309. Inside, the differences are even smaller.
If the dashboard is the same as the classic sedan, the steering wheel is four-spoke with the GTI logo in the center. Counters include oil pressure and temperature. The carpet is not red like the 205 GTI but black or blue depending on the color of the body.
The Peugeot Sport Meetings (the brand's sports promotion formulas) saw the 309 GTI turbo before moving on to the GTI 16, which then collided with the first 160 hp 306 circuit. Photo Autodiva
A turbo sauce 309
It's a circuit story. In 1988, the Peugeot 505 "Cup" promotion formulas had to give way to the 309. Problem, low power with the 130 hp.
Before the GTI 16, Peugeot will add a 1.9 l Garrett turbo, which will give 180 hp to the GTI; and great moments because the "Cup" version weighed 800 kg all wet.
A hundred "Cups" will be built but a dozen civilian versions will receive the PTS (Peugeot Talbot Sport) kit which still offers 165 hp. An adventure that lasted a year.
The GTI 130 can be recognized by the GTI badge on the back door. In 1989, another version will carry the GTI 16 badge. The two cars coexisted. Photo DR
Turbo-free power
When the 309 was renewed in 1989, some modifications were made: grille, taillights and lowered trunk threshold because it was considered too high to load luggage. Evolution does not stop there.
The GTI had its hearing in France, but it is a failure for export. Thus, Peugeot grafted the engine of the 405 MI16 instead of the engine of the 205 GTI, an evolution of 16 valves of the 1.9 l of the 205.
As a result, the power increases from 130 to 160 hp and the light bulb becomes a rocket. On the back, the logo becomes "GTI 16" and a real spoiler on the tailgate.
A sports car 309
If the weight increases slightly (975 kg against 930), the 309 GTI 16 shows a good performance not far from a BMW 325i; thanks to its staging of box, it even allows times equivalent to an M3.
The undercarriage is impeccable: McPherson strut front axle + stabilizer bars + double-acting hydraulic / telescopic shock absorbers and rear axle with rear arms and torsion bars + double-acting hydraulic / telescopic shock absorbers (205 GTI). The wheelbase of the 309 GTI (2,469 m) helps with stability and balance in curves.
In 309 he experienced the group N circuit but also the group A rally, in particular with the François Delecour / Anne-Chantal Pauwels crew. Photo DR
A demanding 309 to drive
For braking, Peugeot uses the equipment of the 205 GTI, which is almost no problem given the low weight of the GTI 16.
The chassis is very lively, the front axle is biting, precise; braking (without ABS, must be specified) requires gentle driving because, like any good Peugeot sports car, the rear axle is playful and can take you to the point of a failure when you want to pass in front of the axle forward as soon as he places the GTI in a curve.
The practice of raising your foot at the entrance to the corner to register the car thanks to the mass transfer requires some experience. From 1987 to 1993, 37,260 GTIs left the Poissy factory.
The technical data sheet of the 130 hp GTI
1905 cc engine with 8 valves and 4 cylinders
Bosch LE2 Jetronic electronic injection
Power: 130 hp at 6,000 rpm
Torque: 161 Nm at 4,750 rpm
Top speed: 206 km / h
Price (1990): 102,900 F (€ 24,776 adjusted for inflation)
Current probability: € 8,000
Categories E-cars Post navigation
Deep time: a year after the liberation of the Lombrives cave, engraved memories
Allergy: "the amount of pollen in the air continues to increase" | {
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Uh Huh Her - Future Souls Tour (Belly Up Tavern, June 19, 2014)
I did not know that Leisha Hailey, bassist for the electropop duo Uh Huh Her, was also an actress, apparently best known as one of the stars of Showtime's The L Word (2004 - 2009). I did not know that Hailey was, in real life, an out lesbian, who had dated none other than k.d. lang herself for a number of years. I did not realize that Camila Grey, lead vocalist and guitarist of Uh Huh Her, was also openly gay, and had, in fact, been romantically linked to Hailey. I had not heard the story of their having been kicked off a Southwest flight, allegedly for arguing with a flight attendant over their public display of affection ("Leisha Hailey escorted off Southwest jet after kissing girlfriend." Los Angeles Times, September 26, 2011). I honestly had no idea that Hailey and Grey were lesbian icons of any sort. But that became very clear very quickly, as I went to see Uh Huh Her perform at the Belly Up in Solana Beach, CA, where the crowd was 95 percent female, mostly girls each with an arm around another girl. And, in case that wasn't clue enough (and I never jump to conclusions!), I overheard the girl next to me say to her companion, "They're such lesbian icons, y'know?" Well, now I know.
Prior to seeing them perform live, all I knew about Uh Huh Her was that I really dug their debut album, Common Reaction (2008), at its best resembling the progeny of Depeche Mode and Garbage—channeling the new wave in its synths, and with grittier vocals and an all-around darker, moodier, subtly more menacing sound than many contemporary electropop acts. With their recent third LP, Future Souls (2014), they went entirely electronic. While the album has overall more of a dance sound, its best tracks ("Innocence," "Bullet," "Fine Lines White Lies") retain the soulful swells, intimate harmonies, and haunting edge of Common Reaction, along with more polished and sophisticated production that lends the synth a cinematic flavor.
The quality of the songwriting also came to the fore during the live show, where, in contrast to the arrangements on the Future Souls album, Hailey and Grey stuck to their bass and guitar almost throughout, only switching to their keyboards on a few select songs or parts of songs. With just a lone drummer added to back them up, the sound was more minimalist than on the album, yet surprisingly it had the feel of a hard rock show. Missing a large portion of the synth component, Uh Huh Her live did not sound very much like they do on the albums, yet the melodies and lyrics carried through intact and continued to stand out, while Camila Grey's raw guitar solos were impressively legit.
Labels: live music, music
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Instant Insights / ThinkAdvisor Cybersecurity Roundup
Recent cybersecurity coverage.
3 Types of Cyberattacks and How to Avoid Them: FINRA Conference
One key reminder: Many attacks are due to human error.
By Bernice Napach | February 22, 2018 at 10:40 AM
Protecting against cyberattacks requires both high-tech and low-tech efforts by financial firms, according to presentations at the 2018 FINRA Cybersecurity conference in New York on Thursday.
First advisory firms need to answer four key questions, according to retired FBI agent Jeff Lanza, who was the keynote speaker:
Where are your assets?
What at your firm is subject to attack?
Can you detect an attack in real time?
Is cybersecurity a focus for your firm at the board level?
"If you can't answer all four questions you're not doing enough to fight hackers," said Lanza, a former computer systems analyst before he was recruited by the FBI.
He described the key types of attacks against financial firms — bank account takeovers through malware, CEO fraud involving unauthorized wire transfers, and ransomware, which has become epidemic — and offered tips to thwart such attacks.
Takeovers Through Malware
Before opening any email that doesn't look familiar, check the name of the sender and hover over the sender's email address to reveal the location, said Lanza, noting that an email with the suffix .ir indicates Iran; one ending in .ua indicates Ukraine.
Closely read any links within an email. It may look familiar and legit — he showed a link that looked almost exactly like the JPMorgan Chase site, with the same picture and some other similarities — but the login didn't just ask for user name and password but the email of the reader, even though it was a link in an email sent to the reader.
Educate employees, require two-factor authentication to log into accounts as well as dual controls before money is transferred and don't decline bank protocols, advised Lanza.
CEO Fraud & Unauthorized Wire Transfers
These cyberattacks have resulted in 7,000 victims in 79 U.S. cities in 50 states losing $2.3 billion since 2013, said Lanza. "Pick up the phone before any wire transfer," said Lanza. He added that firms should not expect that losses will be covered by their business insurance. It usually doesn't cover business fraud via email, said Lanza. "Read the fine print."
"Don't pay it," said Lanza. That just encourages more bad behavior, isn't easy — hackers can't always be found quickly — and doesn't necessarily mean you'll get back access to your computer after the payment. He described one incident where ransom was paid but the hacker returned 900 different keys to reopen access.
Create layers of security, including antivirus software; train employees to be skeptical of emails and careful where they click; and have backup of your data, said Lanza.
"You want backup that's air gap protected," said Lanza, meaning physically isolated from unprotected networks, because hackers often attack the backup system first. For Michael Lynton, former CEO of Sony Entertainment, which suffered a hack of confidential emails, that meant email kept on a hard drive and locked away from his computer, said Lanza.
Training was stressed by other morning panels at the FINRA conference — training for employees, contractors and vendors — along with background checks.
"Many cyberattacks are due to human error," said Steven Polansky, senior director of FINRAs Office of Regulatory Operations/Shared Services.
Hardeep Walia, founder and CEO of Motif, which creates baskets of stocks and ETFs based on investment themes, said the training of his firm's employees starts when they are first onboarded; they are shown examples of phishing to keep them aware of cyber risks.
— Related on ThinkAdvisor:
Advisors 'Lagging' in Proper Insurance Against Cyberattacks
SEC Exam Priorities Said to Focus on Cybersecurity, Seniors in 2018
Bernice Napach
Bernice Napach is a senior writer at ThinkAdvisor covering financial markets and asset managers, robo-advisors, college planning and retirement issues. She has worked at Yahoo Finance, Bloomberg TV, CNBC, Reuters, Investor's Business Daily and The Bond Buyer and has written articles for The New York Times, TheStreet.com, The Star-Ledger, The Record, Variety and Worth magazine. Bernice has a Bachelor of Science in Social Welfare from SUNY at Stony Brook.
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SEC Releases 2018 Exam Priorities List | {
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When an Earthquake Hits Next Door
What would you do if a quake struck two blocks from your home?
Most days, it's easy to forget that coastal California sits at the boundary of two tectonic plates—the Pacific and North American—which are slowly sliding by each other, creating the San Andreas complex of faults. It's easy to forget that one strand, the Hayward Fault, runs the whole length of the East Bay, cutting under Berkeley and Oakland, just a mile from my house, and that there is a one-in-three chance that it will produce a devastating earthquake before I'm a senior citizen.
But then there are days like January 4, when a magnitude 4.4 quake struck. It hit in the evening, a couple hours after my wife and I had put the kids to bed. It was strong enough to make us wonder, for a few seconds, if this was the big one.
After it passed, we resolved to get another flashlight. My wife ordered MREs from a prepper site. A few days later, she sent me a map from the U.S. Geological Survey showing the epicenter of the earthquake. It was two blocks from our house. I rode my bike over to the location. By the looks of it, the quake had struck on the backside of Alta Bates Summit Medical Center, the place where our kids had been born, and a place that we walk by nearly every day.
Of all the spots on the Earth reacting to the forces of tectonic motion, this had been the one to go. Right there.
It is strange to contemplate the nature of our existence on Earth, the sphere. Go to the highest mountain and you're 29,000 feet up, five-and-a-half miles. The crust of our planet alone is many times that deep. The mantle is 1,800 miles thick. Everything we see as topography is inconsequential at the scale of the earth's deep geology.
Yet, this is where life makes sense, up here on top of the thin crust. Geologists study the troubling world by engaging with humble rocks, and assembling them into narratives about time.
A portion of USGS map 2342 (USGS)
In human terms, I live in north Oakland, near the border with Berkeley. In geological terms, I live west of the Hayward Fault, on rocks washed down off the hills in recent times. On the maps, geologists call it "Qhaf": "alluvial fan and fluvial deposits (Holocene)." The Holocene is the most recent geological era, which includes the present. Most of the flatlands of the East Bay are made of similar stuff, which lies over the top of what's known as the Franciscan Complex, a heterogeneous collection of rock dating to the time of the dinosaurs tens of millions of years ago.
East of the Hayward Fault rise the hills, which are considered part of the Diablo Range, a complex set of low peaks that have resulted from the pressure of the tectonic plates coming together on the coast. Their geology is far more complicated, with different types of rocks bent and knuckled into place.
"Oakland is a real upstairs-downstairs city," says Andrew Alden, a science writer, formerly of the USGS, who focuses on Oakland's geology in particular. "And the fault is what separates it."
Consider that for thousands of years, the areas on either side of the fault have been sliding past each other at a rate of a few millimeters a year. On geological timescales—like 100,000 years—a hill that would have once been adjacent to my house could now be half a mile south of it.
Troublingly, the recent observed "creep" of the plates past each other along the fault is less than half of the long-term average of about 10 millimeters. That difference will have to be made up for, eventually, and that's what earthquakes do.
Faults are as narrow as the lines we use to paint them onto maps. They might run for tens or even hundreds of miles, and drop miles down into the crust, but they are not very wide at all. Alden said to think of faults almost like a bedsheet. Geologists have begun modeling this three-dimensionality, as in the following diagram of an area where the Hayward and Calaveras faults come together, near San Jose. (In fact, these diagrams suggest that the two faults should be considered as one.)
Hayward and Calaveras faults (Janet Watt)
The three-dimensionality of geology is essential for understanding earthquakes. To the average person on the surface of the Earth, the epicenter means everything. But that's just the point we mark on our human maps by drawing a line from the hypocenter—the actual point in the Earth where an earthquake begins—up to the surface.
"Your whole premise is that the epicenter is important," Alden said. "And it's not. Here we are at the surface. The hypocenter was 12 kilometers down. You were right over it."
So, really, I was 12 kilometers, or seven-and-a-half miles, from the actual spot the earthquake began. "I'm five kilometers away from you," Alden says, forming a triangle with his hands to show that his distance from the quake would be the hypotenuse of the triangle formed by five surface kilometers and 12 kilometers of depth. "By the Pythagorean theorem, that's 13 kilometers," he said. "So, I was only a kilometer farther away from it than you were."
The Earth is unfathomably huge. Us surface dwellers do not have great intuition for its scale or function. Human physical capacities—our size and the strength of our muscles—determine how we classify the world around us.
"We don't have a lot of visceral insight into the Earth. Earthquakes remind us that rocks aren't really solid," Alden said. "Rocks are not solid. Nothing is solid. It is extremely hard rubber is what it is. It can flex. You can squeeze it. You can store energy in it. We're not used to thinking of rocks like that."
Now, about that epicenter. As I was scouring the Berkeley geological-sciences map library for references to my neighborhood, I got in touch with David Schwartz, a USGS geologist. He had just come out of an informal meeting about the earthquake with other researchers.
"While the location that is going out to the public and that is on Google Earth puts the epicenter very, very close to you, there are different ways to plot it," he said. "The preferred location of the earthquake was really about 1.4 kilometers to the east, right on the fault itself."
The earthquake had not been next door! He sent me a map of the situation. The green square is the public location, right near my house. The red square is the epicenter as calculated by another statistical method, called double difference, which locates it right up by the Claremont Hotel, right on the fault, and in the range of many other small earthquakes (the gray boxes) on the Hayward.
The public location of the epicenter is green. The epicenter, as calculated by the double-difference method, is in red. (Lind Gee)
Earthquake data seems very precise. There is a vast seismic-station network that records quake activity, all of which gets synthesized into the data the public can see. And the number-one thing people want to know is where the epicenter was. "In a sense, the epicenter has become sacrosanct," Schwartz said. "Most people, when they look at how an earthquake is plotted, never really think about what's going on at depth."
Scientists have a more complex understanding of the data. "The location and magnitude of the earthquake usually get revised multiple times in the first few hours after an event—and can be revised even days or months (and even years in some cases) later," said Lind Gee, the head of the Earthquake Monitoring Project of the USGS's Earthquake Science Center in Menlo Park.
One reason is that what we see on the USGS website is automatically generated. Software sucks in data from the various monitoring stations and then spits out seismic events. "While the automatic systems are good, they are not perfect and we have a review process," Gee told me. Once the humans look, the location and magnitude almost always change, even if only slightly.
In this case, the original, auto-plotted location was up by the fault. As more data from more systems came to be included, the automatic location got moved west, right by my house. But then, the double-difference method, which relies on many earthquake measurements with the same instruments over time, was applied, and the epicenter popped back over to the Claremont Hotel parking lot, right on the fault.
Even the magnitude of a quake is not so easy to pin down. For larger quakes, the USGS reports three different numbers: duration magnitude, local magnitude, and moment magnitude. "Even when we calculate multiple magnitudes," Gee noted, "only one is 'preferred' and reported as the official magnitude."
For me, all this data is an effective distraction from the reality that a great calamity will strike us eventually. I'm not alone in this. It's as if we believe that if we can measure it, we can manage it. We can't. The Earth is going to do what it does at depth, and our works on the surface may not survive.
"Down the road, when we do have the next large urban earthquake, people are going to be tremendously surprised at the damage that ensues," Schwartz said. "Many of the buildings that were constructed were built before there were any real building codes, and in the case of the Hayward, just about every kind of infrastructure we have crosses the fault: BART, transmission lines, water, East Bay Municipal Utility District."
In a real worst-case scenario, fires would break out while the water system was down, spurred by dry conditions and perhaps whipped by high winds. "There could be a tremendous conflagration. I don't want to sit here and talk about doom and gloom, but we just haven't seen, since 1906, sort of a worst-case scenario," Schwartz said. "And we will." | {
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Sicily's unique history has molded its culture, cuisine, and even language to be worlds apart from mainland Italy. No city illustrates this better than Palermo, with its mix of Norman, Moorish, and baroque architecture; bazaar-like street markets; and Arab-influenced dialect and dishes. Here's how to experience the city in just one day.
Morning: Culture and Cuisine
Begin exploring in Palermo's old town and join a walking, bike, or Segway tour to marvel at the historic center's architecture, much of it part of the Arab-Norman monuments dating from the 12th century and listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Admire the Byzantine mosaics in the Royal Palace and Palatine Chapel, Palermo Cathedral, and La Martorana, as well as the baroque Four Corners (Quattro Canti) square, the Renaissance "fountain of shame" in Piazza Pretoria, and the neoclassical Teatro Massimo. Gourmands can opt for a food and market tour that leavens the city's architecture with its street food, stopping at the outdoor markets for tastings.
Afternoon: Adventures in the Kitchen or Countryside
Food is a fundamental pillar of Palermo's culture, so take a deep dive into its cuisine with a local cooking class. Shop for ingredients at a traditional open-air market, and then learn the secrets of preparing dishes that blend Spanish, Greek, and Arab elements before feasting on the food you've made, paired with Sicilian wines. Alternatively, set off from Palermo to take in the architectural treasures in the surrounding towns, namely the imposing UNESCO-listed Norman cathedrals of Monreale or Cefalù, both exquisitely decorated in Byzantine mosaics and considered among Sicily's most important cultural treasures.
Night: City Life
Palermo is Sicily's version of the "city that never sleeps," with a lively nightlife that stretches from the outdoor markets and their popular street food stands to the trendy restaurants and clubs in neighborhoods like Lo Capo, Castellammare, and Albergaria. Stroll along the waterfront in La Marina to rub elbows with the locals during the evening "passeggiata" walk, relax over a sampling of Sicilian wine paired with artisan cheeses, or sit down to a traditional home-cooked meal with a local cook featuring classics like panzerotti, pasta alla norma, and crostata.
Palermo Catacombs and Monreale Half-day Tour
Discover two of Palermo's most distinctive landmarks on this immersive, private tour. Set off from your accommodation—hotel pickup and drop-off are included—and venture first to the Capuchin Catacombs: a macabre destination home to thousands of mummified bodies, many of them priests. Next, discover the UNESCO-listed Cathedral of Monreale, famous for its fusion of Norman and Arabic architecture. A break for Sicilian coffee and nibbles is also included.
Markets and Monuments: Walking Tour in the Center of Palermo
Explore the historic center of Palermo on a 3-hour walking tour led by a knowledgeable guide. Learn about the city's history as you see landmarks including Teatro Massimo, the Palermo Cathedral and the Royal Palace of Palermo (Palazzo dei Normanni)— part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Stop by the Chiesa del Gesù (Casa Professa), an elaborate 16th-century church, and view the Palazzo Pretorio (Palace of the Eagles). Stroll around the Piazza Pretoria and Piazza Bellini, and browse tempting treats in renowned food markets that offer Sicilian cuisine.
Palermo and Monreale Tour
Spend a day exploring the best of Palermo and the glories of Monreale with this combination day trip. See the top attractions in the old town of the Sicilian capital of Palermo, including the Teatro Massimo, Cathedral, and Politeama Theater. Next, travel up to the hilltop town of Monreale to tour the famous Duomo. Marvel at the golden mosaics covering the Duomo's interior. | {
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Design Squad Nation
Design Squad is an NSF-funded digital hub for middle school children that includes (1) television episodes and short videos streamed on pbskids.org, (2) an online community of young engineers, and (3) hands-on engineering activities. Designed to increase children's understanding of engineering, the Emmy and Peabody Award–winning television series follows two teams of teens as they design and build projects for real-world clients—from constructing cardboard furniture for IKEA to designing peanut butter makers for a women's collective in Haiti.
Design Squad: Inspiring a New Generation of Engineers
The PBS TV series and website Design Squad, and its spin off series Design Squad Nation, are designed to get its viewers involved in engineering through an integrated media experience and grassroots outreach campaign. Design Squad is a reality competition series where six teenagers learn to think smart, build fast, and contend with a wild array of engineering challenges. With Design Squad Nation, engineer co-hosts Judy and Adam travel across the country, working side by side with kids to turn their dreams into reality. Our ultimate goal with both projects is to inspire viewers to take on their own hands-on engineering activities. To achieve this, developers have created an online community for user-generated content. In local communities, PBS has staged public events that get kids engaged in hands-on design challenges. And, through its outreach, PBS has provided approaches for modeling the design process with kids through trainings; educational resources; and support for teachers, engineers, and informal educators. A new project—Design Squad: Informal Pathways to Engineering—will use existing assets from Design Squad, along with new resources, as the vehicle for researching the diverse pathways children take while pursuing an interest in engineering. WGBH, in collaboration with Purdue University and Concord Evaluation Group (CEG), will conduct a qualitative, longitudinal study of 60 middle school children, representing a range of geographic, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds, that will examine the ways in which informal engineering programs support (or fail to support) children's engineering-related interests, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy.
Designing Learning Organizations for Instructional Improvement in Mathematics
The overall goal of this research project is to understand what it takes to support mathematics teachers in improving the quality of their mathematics instruction at the scale of large, urban US districts.The project has two major phases.The data we collect (in both phases) allow us to document (1) teachers' instructional practices, visions of high-quality instruction, mathematical knowledge for teaching, and views of students' mathematical capabilities; (2) mathematics coaches' practices, visions of high-quality instruction, mathematical knowledge for teaching, and views of students' mathematical capabilities; (3) school and district leaders' instructional leadership practices, visions of high-quality instruction, and views of students' mathematical capabilities; and (4) supports for teachers', mathematics coaches', and school leaders'development of effective practices (e.g., district professional development, interactions with more accomplished peers). In addition, we have access to district student achievement data.
Development of a Common Platform for Unifying Humanoids Research
Building upon previous collaborative work with small humanoid robots, this project is embarking on an ambitious new research project involving multiple adult-sized humanoids. There is an overwhelming disparity in terms of resources devoted to humanoids research in the United States versus research in other countries that have heavily invested in this area of robotics. The goal of this ambitious five-year project is to rapidly advance U.S. humanoid research by developing a common open platform. To date, all full-sized humanoids have been individual custom-made units, and advances made using one design do not necessarily translate to others. Currently, Drexel is the only institution in the United States that has HUBO, a world-class adult-sized humanoid developed at the Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (KAIST), resulting from a prior NSF Partnership for International Research and Education (PIRE) award. Building upon the unique expertise developed at Drexel in assembling and maintaining HUBO, the proposed platform will significantly extend its current capabilities, resulting in six identical units. The project's goal is to develop a new common platform (HUBO+) that will consist of the world's first homogenous full-sized humanoid team, and each of the participating schools will have access to a HUBO+ unit to enhance their research efforts. The project partners include researchers at Carnegie Mellon, MIT, Ohio State, Purdue, U.Penn, USC, and Virginia Tech, representing a critical mass of humanoids research in the United States. Current humanoids are rarely autonomous and not ready for unconstrained interaction with humans. Having a consistent platform will facilitate rapid progress in areas needed for autonomy and natural interaction, including mobility, manipulation, vision, speech communication and cognition, and learning. Furthermore, humanoids research is inherently interdisciplinary and integrative, and catalyzes interest in engineering among younger students. The project's outreach partners, including several high-profile museums, will introduce people of all ages to the technologies of robotics, particularly useful for recruiting K–12 students into science, engineering, and mathematics.
Digitally Supported Pathways Transitioning Students Into Technical Education Fields
The Center for Aviation and Automotive Technology Education using Virtual E-Schools (CA2VES) is funded through the National Science Foundation's Advanced Technological Education (NSF ATE) program and represents a partnership among the Clemson University Center for Workforce Development, technical colleges, school districts, and local industry. During 2013, South Carolina's manufacturing industry had more than 7,000 job openings, but many of these well-paying jobs went unfilled due to a lack of skills in the workforce. CA2VES' mission is to advance aviation, automotive, and manufacturing technician education to support workforce preparedness and meet the advanced technology workforce needs of South Carolina's anchor aviation and automotive businesses, industries, and suppliers.
e-Mentoring for Student Success (eMSS)
The e-Mentoring for Student Success (eMSS) program for beginning science, math, and special education teachers was developed based on the New Teacher Center's expertise, research and practitioner literature on professional development, online learning, and mentoring. eMSS offers a variety of science, math, and special education curriculum options for beginning teachers that are designed to support teachers' immediate short-term needs, inquiry into teaching practice, and understanding of content. eMSS is a year-long program that emphasizes the key structural features of an effective mentoring program.
Workshop Presentation , Workshop Handout
EAST-2 Alliance
The mission of the EAST-2 Alliance is to increase the number and quality of students with disabilities who enroll and receive degrees in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and ultimately enter STEM disciplines. EAST-2 achieves this mission by involving students, transforming the academic and professional environments in which they function, and catalyzing STEM activities in southern Maine. EAST-2 has designed a model that includes the creation of a pipeline of supports and services for high school and college students with disabilities as they successfully negotiate critical junctures. The EAST-2 pipeline focuses on undergraduate STEM research fellowships (URFs), mentoring and tutoring, weekly learning community events, accessible technologies, internships, individualized case management, high school summer STEM camps, transition services, and the development of capacity within high schools and the University of Southern Maine (USM) to fully support students with disabilities (SWD). Activities along our pipeline increase students' confidence in their STEM learning and give them the opportunity to participate in life-changing experiences. The EAST-2 pipeline model serves to broaden the participation of students with disabilities in STEM fields.
Educational Policy, School Administration, and the Technical Core: The Local Infrastructure and Instructional Improvement Challenge
Over the past decade, researchers in The Distributed Leadership Studies (DLS) at Northwestern University have been developing a framework for examining school leadership and management with an emphasis on their relations to classroom instruction. Drawing on theoretical and empirical work in distributed cognition and socio-cultural activity theory, our distributed perspective involves two aspects: principal plus and practice. The principal plus aspect acknowledges that the work of leading and managing schools involves multiple individuals. The practice aspect foregrounds the <i>practice</i> of leading and managing, framing this practice as emerging from the <i>interactions</i> among school leaders and followers, mediated by the situation in which the work occurs. Practice is more about interaction than action. At the same time, any effort to understand practice has to pay careful attention to social structure, both the immediate infrastructure of the school organization and the more distal infrastructure of the education system. The school subject–mathematics, science and language arts—has figured prominently in our efforts to build knowledge about and for the practice of leading and managing.
Effective Instruction, Presentation, Chicago Workshop
Elementary Engineering Teacher Professional Development: Initiation to Integration
The Institute for P–12 Engineering Research and Learning (INSPIRE) at Purdue University carries out basic research, applied research, and evaluation on teacher professional development and student learning with engineering in formal and informal settings. Through a National Science Foundation Discovery Research K–12 (DR K–12) project, we have sought to investigate the impact of elementary engineering teacher professional development (TPD) on teachers' and students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors with regards to engineering. Our TPD has been delivered in the form of a one-week-long summer academy (~30 hours), a year of supported classroom implementation, a second three-day summer academy, and a second year of classroom implementation.
Engaging Youth through Engineering (EYE) Modules: Integrating and Bringing Relevance to Core Middle Grades Mathematics and Science Content
Engaging Youth through Engineering (EYE) is a partnership-driven K–12 economic development initiative underway in Mobile, Ala., that is spearheaded by a local nonprofit education entity in collaboration with a large urban school system, higher education, and area business and industry. Its purpose is to produce high school graduates eager and able to meet the growing demand for tech-savvy workers who are also innovative problem solvers. EYE uses engineering design challenges to bring practical relevance and rigor to K–12 math and science curricula. At the middle-grades level, local and National Science Foundation funding are enabling EYE to develop a set of integrated STEM instructional units, the EYE modules, to inspire and motivate all middle-grades students, especially those typically underrepresented in STEM, to take the high school courses needed in preparation for 21st century workforce needs. Each EYE Module is designed such that students use engineering practices and apply required mathematics and science content to develop solutions to relevant problems facing humans today, fostering the development of engineering "habits of mind." | {
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Wednesday, May 31, 2006, 15:38
Business tax to go up 10%, health insurance to double
Hungary's simplified business tax will be raised to 25% from 15% from September 1 and national health insurance contributions will double from 4%, business daily Világgazdaság said on Wednesday.
Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány yesterday announced a general outline of the government's new program but it is not until June 10 that he is expected to publish the full details. Világgazdaság, quoting unnamed sources, said the hikes would be the main tools for moderating real wages. Plans call for this year's budget to raise 170 billion forints on the income side through various tax hikes while 200 billion forints will be cut from expenditures.
The paper speculates that among other income generating measures, the middle VAT rate will be raised to 20% from 15% and the gas price compensation system will be changed to gradually eliminate some subsidies. The latter move is expected to be implemented on July 1.
"By the middle of the government cycle, we want to meet the Maastricht budget criteria," Gyurcsány said in a statement on Tuesday. The European Commission has forecast that the budget deficit will rise to 7% in 2007 if proper adjustments fail to materialize.
Personalized care
Business People | Jan 7, 2022, 12:00
Serving the Future With Applied Research
Business People | Dec 26, 2021, 00:00
Digital Development: Faring Well, but Room for Improvement | {
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Churchill's plaque goes missing in Durban
The plaque outside the Durban Post Office, commemorating the speech given by the former British prime minister Winston Churchill when he was a war correspondent in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal has gone missing.
Owner of Durban Walking Tours Alison Chadwick said she was in central Durban recently and noticed the plaque had gone.
"I was in town on personal business, but I like to check on buildings because of my tours and I noticed that the plaque was missing. Due to lockdown, I had not been past that way for a long time. It was shocking to see," said Chadwick.
The Independent on Saturday went to the post office to check on the commemoration plaque, situated behind a spiked fence and bushes. The metal top half of the plaque was missing, but the inscription slab below is still in place.
There was rubbish around the plaque, as well as blankets indicating someone may be sleeping there.
President of the South African National Society (SANS), Robert King, said: "This was a part of Durban history and is very sad for Durban and South Africa."
He added that thefts such as this, to be sold as scrap metal, had an impact on memorials across the city. He said in one theft, valuable stained glass windows had been taken from a church for their lead content "which only makes up a minuscule portion of that window".
SANS promotes South African culture and heritage.
The commemoration plaque depicted the former British prime minister's speech on the steps of the Durban Town Hall (which later became the Durban Post Office) in 1899 after the 25-year-old war correspondent's infamous escape from the Boers in the second Anglo-Boer War.
eThekwini Municipality did not respond to a request for comment on the missing plaque. | {
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Home/Public Affairs
agendaNi January 2021
Former investigative journalist and screenwriter of the UK's biggest TV premiere of 2020, The Salisbury Poisonings, Declan Lawn, speaks to…
Speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly, Alex Maskey MLA, talks to David Whelan about his elevation to the role, his…
Director of Parliamentary Services in the Northern Ireland Assembly, Gareth McGrath, discusses the issues that are engaging the Assembly in…
Chair of the recently launched All Party Group (APG) on Fair Banking and Finance, Pat Catney MLA discusses the origin…
One year on from its introduction, Traditional Unionist Voice leader Jim Allister's Bill to tighten government functions around special advisers…
The removal of the committee stage from all of the Bills that have been enacted in the current mandate raises…
Politics Professor at the University of Liverpool, Jonathan Tonge, highlights how, despite being suspended for some 40 per cent of…
Collective bargaining in Northern Ireland has been in gradual decline for some time and this trend needs to be reversed,…
Former Downing Street advisor and Westminster commentator Matthew O'Toole was co-opted into the South Belfast Assembly seat to replace the…
Newly appointed interim Mental Health Champion for Northern Ireland Siobhán O'Neill highlights the longer lasting mental health impacts of Covid-19… | {
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Home Arts and Entertainment Artist's Imagination Comes to Life
Artist's Imagination Comes to Life
By Shannon Miller
Assistant News Editor
Melanie Mallios, a senior art major, produces art that challenges the mind. Those who attended the reception for her honors thesis show, The Limbic Lens, in the S.A.L. Gallery on Feb. 21, stepped into a display of her ever- evolving subconscious.
Mallios standing next to her original piece, "Primordial Wake"
Mallios began experimenting with art as a young girl, creating unique illustrations and characters inspired by her own imagination. Now 27 years old, her artistic dynamic incorporates the esoteric and profound essence of the 20th century avant-garde movement, surrealism.
She was inspired by iconic historical figures such as Salvador Dalí and Sigmund Freud.
Dan Christoffel visited the reception to admire his student's work. Her work "goes beyond surrealism," he said. He appreciates her ability to tell a story through her art while simultaneously allowing observers to bring their individual stories into her pieces. "Of all student shows, this is the most varied in terms of techniques, approaches, skills. She has a high level of skill," Christoffel said.
Though her art appears philosophical, hidden throughout her paintings, sculptures, print work, and drawings are little amusing details; some added for a metaphorical purpose, according to Mallios, and others simply because she "thought it would be funny."
Hanging in one corner of the room was a mockup-caricature drawing of Bob Ross, late painter and host of PBS' instructional television show, "The Joy of Painting." Mallios titled the piece "Boobie Ross." Directly below that piece was her mixed-media rendition of the famous painting, "Madonna of the Lilies." Etched into the Virgin Mary's halo of light is the repeated pattern of Pickle Rick, a character from the adult animated science-fiction cartoon, "Rick and Morty."
"Agalma," a clay sculpture inspired by a Greek-folk song
In the opposite corner of the room, focusing more on abstract thought, was a clay sculpture of half man-half statue, inspired by the Greek folk-song, "Agalma," which means statue in Greek.
Mallios described the song's theme. "He [the singer] talks about how he was in this kind of city square and with his lover; and there was a statue there watching them kiss and have fun and everything. And years later, he comes back to the statue, and she had cheated on him, so he goes back to the statue and tells the statue what happened; and then he saw the statue crying, and then the statue started comforting him, and then they parted ways." Her sculpture reflects the human element within the statue; a golden color radiates from below its torso, implying the existence of a heart. "The statue is empathizing," she said.
Complementing each other, were two wood pieces that Mallios was especially proud of. "For some reason drawing on wood feels more intimate," she said. "It feels closer to nature. You're scribbling on it, and you can feel it. It just feels more earthy. It's a good canvas to draw on."
"Philosophers," a digital piece on wood
One of the wooden pieces portrayed a dog looking up into the sky, who according to Mallios, exists in the "microsphere." On the second piece, a hawk is flying in the sky looking down over the earth, representing the "macrosphere." She titled the pieces "Philosophers" be- cause the hawk represents the question of why, and the dog represents the question of what. "One is the offshoot of the other," she said.
Victor Zhao, a freshman digital art and design major, is fond of the dark tones in one of the digital prints on display. "It's really well- drawn," he said.
Mallios' favorite form of art is printmaking. She experiments with monotype prints, which are drawn on plexiglass, and then put into a press to produce a 'one of a kind' print.
Fr. L "Lumi," a monotype print, and "Lumi, Edition 2," a gouache painting
Others are made with a zinc plate. With this type, she etches into the plate with a needle to create grooves that hold the ink. Because of the grooves, the plate can be put through the press several times, therefore, creating more than one copy of the print, according to the artist. "You're basically just making copies that you can do different things with," she said. "And they all have different auras about them de- pending on the colors you use."
Mallios plans to study biology after completing her B.F.A. to better prepare for her desired career choice; she wants to be a medical illustrator. The idea came from a former counselor who told her that a friend's daughter was illustrating diagrams for textbooks, she said.
But Christoffel believes she can also be an illustrator for magazines and stories. "She can play both worlds," he said. "The big thing is, she just had it [talent] when she was young; and here, she has just refined her skills. And with an imagination like this, there is no better combination than that."
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Aaliyah Mendes Birthday
FriSep 15
Aaliyah Mendes
Aaliyah Mendes is a Canadian social media personality who was born on September 15, 2003, in Toronto. Although she is very famously known for being Shawn Mendes' sister, she also has a shine of her own making. Her social media success darts back to the ephemeral but widely popular short-video app Vine, where she had an account named "Princess Aaliyah." As of right now, she uses Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter, where she shares snippets and bits of her everyday life with her followers. We hope she has a wonderful birthday, so she can share some more happy moments with us.
Aaliyah Maria Mendes
Zodiac Sign:
Aaliyah's Social Media:
Aaliyah Maria Mendes, more commonly known as just Aaliyah Mendes, was born and raised in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. She was born on September 15, 2003, to parents Karen Rayment Mendes, a real estate agent, and Manuel Mendes, a businessman and happens to be the beloved younger sister of famous pop-star Shawn Mendes. They often appear together in images and videos posted by Aaliyah, although she also shares other aspects of her life on social media.
The young star first gained popularity on social media with her Vine account under the name "Princess Aaliyah." After Vine was officially shut down in 2016, she moved on to Musical.ly, later on, TikTok, another streaming platform with a similar premise as Vine: short, entertaining videos. She has also built a huge community on Instagram, with over 900,000. There, she posts pictures and videos about her day-to-day life, her boyfriend, dogs, brother, and family life.
Mendes is currently dating Jordan Savage, a boy she met at her local high school. They have been publicly dating since June 2019, and although not much information is known about him other than he is two years older than her, they both appear deeply in love, whenever she posts about them being together — which happens quite often. She graduated from St. Mary Catholic Secondary School in June 2021. Unfortunately for her, there was no big spectacle, as her generation did not get a proper prom, graduation, or send-off due to the restrictions in place at the time.
She Opens a Vine Account
Aaliyah Mendes opens an account and gains more than 175,000 thousand followers in her first year.
She Joins Instagram
Mendes opens her Instagram account.
Shawn Mendes Signs With Island Records
Her brother has his career breakthrough and they both are put in the spotlight.
Vine Shuts Down
When Vine shuts down permanently, Mendes has over 250,000 followers on the app.
Mendes is a Social Media Celebrity
With over 900,00 followers on Instagram and almost 100K on TikTok, she is a thriving internet personality.
Why We Love Aaliyah Mendes
She makes healthy choices
Mendes is a pescatarian but is considering transitioning to vegetarian in the future. We admire those who prioritize their well-being and strive to be responsible consumers.
Her relationship with her brother is adorable
Family is a treasure, and seeing a relationship as tight as that of the Mendes siblings is heartwarming. Her brother makes sure to attend all her graduations and proms, expressing how they are best friends.
She is a sports lover
According to her Twitter bio, she has a huge passion for sports. This includes hockey!
5 Surprising Facts
She is a very private person
Mendes is a very private person, and although she has a huge following, has not shared much about her personal life on social media, as she has been bullied before and is trying to avoid that.
She's family orientated
She spends a lot of time with her family, especially her cousins, who she seems to be close with.
She has a lazy eye
Both she and her brother, Shawn Mendes, have amblyopia.
Her brother got a tattoo for her
The famous pop star tattooed his little sister's name on his chest back in 2020.
She has an adorable dog
Mendes' family dog, Oreo, is simply the cutest!
Aaliyah Mendes FAQs
What is Aaliyah Mendes's middle name?
Her middle name is Maria.
Who are Shawn Mendes siblings?
He has one sister, Aaliyah.
Where is Aaliyah Mendes from Vine now?
She recently graduated from high school in 2021 and is active on social media.
Aaliyah Mendes's birthday dates
2023 September 15 Friday
2024 September 15 Sunday
2025 September 15 Monday
2026 September 15 Tuesday
2027 September 15 Wednesday
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Hollywood CEO Proud of New Casino
Phase One of the new permanent dockside gaming facility that opened last month in Aurora, Illinois, has created a climate for Chicago-area casino gamblers similar to Harrah's Joliet but one that will definitely have a personality all its own once Phase Two is completed this summer.
Hollywood Casino Aurora's multi-million dollar venture into upgrading from a two-vessel riverboat gambling property into a state-of-the-art 53,000-square-foot, single-level casino, is a dramatic transformation. The new property will ultimately be a "horseshoe" shaped design that will include gaming areas that are mirror images of one another, separated in the middle by an improved and expanded Epic Buffet and Legends Lounge.
As is the case with the other eight active casino gambling sites in Illinois, Hollywood Casino is located in a city of significant historical and cultural significance. Just as the Rialto Theater is a treasured landmark in Joliet, so is the Paramount Arts Centre in downtown Aurora revered by the community.
"From the very beginning more than decade ago we have been conscious of maintaining a close relationship to the city of Aurora," said Hollywood Casino Corporation's chairman of the board, president, and chief executive officer, Edward T. Pratt III. "For example, you'll notice that the décor of our new casino closely follows the interior design, colors, and lines of our historic neighbor, the Paramount Theatre.
"We also take pride in the fact that this new facility, as well as our original two riverboat casinos, the City of Lights I and the City of Lights II, were constructed entirely using the resources and labor forces of the Aurora area. In fact, the construction site for everything we've ever done here is located just three-quarters of a mile down river from the casino."
Hollywood Casino Aurora is one of three distinctive Hollywood-themed gambling and entertainment properties owned and operated by Hollywood Casino Corporation with headquarters in Dallas, Texas. The other two casinos are located in Tunica, Mississippi, and Shreveport, Louisiana.
"Our goal was to bring a new level of gaming, quality, and overall entertainment experience to the Chicago market," Pratt said. "We look at Las Vegas as the benchmark of what we wanted to do, and we feel we have accomplished it with the grand opening of the first phase of the project.
"For example, the increased square footage allowed us to create a much more spacious, airy environment. The high ceilings not only make for much cleaner and fresher air quality, but it allowed us to move in high-quality signage that gives a Las Vegas style look and feel to the property.
"This expansion and upgrade makes for true entertainment value for our customers. The single-level construction makes the facility 'user friendly'. There are no stairs to climb, no maze of small gaming areas to get lost in, just one big all-encompassing area with great sight lines and pleasing atmosphere."
Hollywood Casino Corporation owns and manages one of the world's largest collections of memorabilia and artifacts from the movie industry and from the stars of the silver screen themselves. The display cases inside the company's three casino and pavilion areas bring a museum quality experience to the properties that make it unique in the gaming industry.
"Representatives from our company at times purchase props from movie studios even before the movies are released," Pratt revealed. "They are also active in auctions and estate sales. We are constantly looking to improve the collection and create new points of interest. For example, we contracted with Paramount Studios to design our Shreveport property. In Tunica, our collection is of such interest that we had to print a pocket map so that visitors could more easily locate the different displays."
The new Hollywood Casino has created a new aura of elegance to the property. Gone is the predominant blue motif and glitz. It has been replaced with soft brown tones and wood paneling. Even the cocktail waitresses and dealers sport new uniforms.
A highlight of the grand opening of the second phase of the project in June will include a new buffet that will feature cuisine stations and exhibition cooking. | {
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Ivory Coast holds talks on political crisis
The meeting focussed on demands for reform of the country's electoral commission ahead of legislative elections early next year, an opposition leader told...
Ivory Coast's Ouattara sworn in for disputed third term
The solemn ceremony was attended by 13 African counterparts as well as former French president Nicolas Sarkozy - but boycotted by the opposition, as was the election that returned Ouattara to power.
Ousted Ivory Coast president Laurent Gbagbo plans to return home this month
Laurent Gbagbo was forced out by his rival, Alassane Ouattara, after a brief but bloody civil war that claimed some 3,000 lives.
Mars and Hershey's accused of avoiding fair pay for cocoa farmers
West African nations Ghana and Ivory Coast account for two-thirds of global cocoa production, but there have been long-running tensions with US multinationals overpricing.
Ivory Coast president wins Ecowas vote after disputed reelection
Ecowas 'sends the elected president its warm congratulations' and 'its sincere wishes for success', a statement from the 15-member bloc said.
Ivory Coast clashes kill 3 as court validates Ouattara reelection
Nearly 50 people have been killed in clashes since August and two opposition chiefs have been arrested, fuelling fears Ivory Coast could slide into the kind of widespread unrest it suffered after a disputed 2010 vote.
Fugitive Ivory Coast opposition chief arrested
Ivory Coast is caught in a political standoff since opposition leaders boycotted the vote and vowed to set up a rival government after accusing President Alassane Ouattara of breaking with two-term presidential limits.
Ivory Coast president reelected to contested third term
Ivory Coast president Alassane Ouattara has been reelected with more than 94% of the vote, electoral authorities said Tuesday, after a poll marred by clashes and an opposition boycott over his bid for a contested third term.
Ivory Coast opposition forms 'transitional govt' after contested vote
The move deepened a crisis that erupted in August when Ouattara said he would run again, to the fury of the opposition who called it a constitutional breach and an 'electoral coup' in the West African country.
Ivory Coast president set for victory after contested poll
By midday Monday, the Electoral Commission had released preliminary results from around a quarter of the country's 108 regions showing President Alassane Ouattara with a commanding lead, as much as 90% in parts of his stronghold in the north.
Ivory Coast ruling party warns opposition over post-vote unrest
The West African country's electoral commission released preliminary results from Saturday's ballot showing Ouattara with a dominant lead, which had been expected given the opposition's boycott.
Ivorians await results after tense presidential ballot
At least 30 died in clashes in the lead-up to the vote, reviving fears for many Ivorians over a repeat of the West African nation's 2010-2011 post-election crisis when 3,000 people were killed.
Ivory Coast president urges calm in tense election for third term
At least 30 people have been killed in pre-election clashes since August, stoking fears of a return to the violence that left 3,000 dead in a crisis a decade ago when then-president Laurent Gbagbo refused to step down.
Ivory Coast election revives old feuds over Ouattara third term
Old feuds are rumbling once again in Ivory Coast after Ouattara abruptly decided to face off against adversaries in Saturday's presidential election, stoking up the ethnic tensions and political rancour of the past.
Ivory Coast death toll rises to 11 after pre-election clashes
The killings in and around Dabou, west of Abidjan, have fuelled worries Ivory Coast may again slide into the kind of post-election violence that left 3,000 dead in a 2010-2011 crisis.
One killed in Ivory Coast as tensions rise ahead of vote
Most of the protesters were youths, who had set up roadblocks on the main road to neighbouring Ghana from the town of Bounoua, a onetime stronghold of former first lady Simone Gbagbo.
At least 2 dead in Ivory Coast pre-election violence
The clashes occurred around the city of Bongouanou, a stronghold of opposition candidate Pascal Affi N'Guessan 200 kilometres north of the economic hub Abidjan, the witnesses said.
Ivory Coast opposition takes fresh step towards boycotting election
The vote has sparked tensions in Ivory Coast as incumbent President Alassane Ouattara seeks a controversial third term, prompting fears of violence.
'Democratic backsliding' in W.Africa as election season begins
Millions more will vote across the region - in Ghana, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and Nigeria - before the year is out, under the wary eye of defenders of democracy. | {
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HomeTeslaModel SNews
V8-Powered Tesla Model S Hits The Road And Confusion Ensues
It's like seeing a giraffe that barks like a dog.
Dec 06, 2021 at 3:55pm ET
By: Anthony Alaniz
Electric vehicles come with many perks, but there is a cost. Cars will lose their exhaust notes as they transition away from combustion power. Futuristic sounds try to fill the role, but there's no genuine replacement for eight angry cylinders. So Rich Benoit of the Rich Rebuilds YouTube Channel decided to convert a Tesla Model S into a combustion-powered sedan with a Chevy Camaro V8 hiding under the frunk.
The car isn't completely dialed in, though the crew finished it in time for this year's SEMA Show with it running under its own power. The car still needs to hit the dyno to perfect the air-fuel mixture, which will happen at a later time. That will reveal what the LS3 V8 from the Chevy is making along with the how much it weighs. However, it does run under its own power just fine. To prove it, the YouTube channel took the car out on a set of errands that had it picking up kids from school, grabbing fast food, and scheduling a service appointment at a Chevy dealership.
Gallery: 2021 Tesla Model S
The converted Tesla has no trouble running around town, which included stopping to refuel. The employees at the Chevy dealership were quite enamored with the build, too. That's where it will have its next oil change, thanks to the Camaro engine. Inside, the car is mostly stock. There's a transmission tunnel, a sequential shifter, and a few screens to display vital engine information, but the rest of the interior is stock – and it works. That includes the Bluetooth, the navigation, and the steering-wheel controls.
Check Out More Tesla News:
Tesla Model S Plaid Prototype Spied With Articulating Rear Wing
Tesla Model 3 By Vilner Looks Stylish With Tartan Gray Fabric Interior
It's quite a strange dichotomy to see the Tesla Model S rocket past with a growling V8 exhaust note, but it is a car that exists in the world. It's also a car that won't please Tesla fans, though it doesn't appear as Rich and crew care too much about about any internet kerfuffles. We hope to see more videos in the coming months chronicling the build as it's dialed in.
Source: Rich Rebuilds / YouTube
Aftermarket / Tuning | {
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Government seizure of the Khartoum Branch of Cairo University
Cairo University
General Omar Hassan Al-Bashir
Khartoum Branch
Nilein University
People's Palace. POB 281
The Committee on Academic Freedom of the Middle East Studies Association is deeply concerned by the seizure of the Khartoum branch of Cairo University on March 9, 1993. The Middle East Studies Association comprises 2300 academics worldwide who teach and conduct research on the Middle East and North Africa. The association publishes the respected International Journal of Middle East Studies and is committed to ensuring respect for the principles of academic freedom and human rights throughout the region.
We are disturbed that the presidential decree unilaterally revoked the license of the Khartoum branch of the Cairo University which was issued in 1955, in violation of bilateral agreements with the Egyptian government. We understand that the branch has been renamed Nilein University (University of the Two Niles) and that a Sudanese president has been appointed to replace the Egyptian president. We are also concerned that the Egyptian faculty and staff have been prevented from teaching and performing their duties at the university and that 86 students were arrested on March 9 after protesting the seizure. The president's unilateral action violates the academic autonomy and integrity of the university and seriously disrupts the education of thousands of students.
The seizure of the Khartoum branch of Cairo University occurs in the context of the confiscation of seventeen Egyptian administered schools in the Sudan, which is scheduled for the coming July. It also occurs in the context of the ongoing dismissal of professors from the University of Khartoum and other Sudanese universities and the government's interference in the self-governance of universities, which we protested in our letter of October 22, 1992.
We request that your government reverse the seizure of the Khartoum branch of Cairo University, restore dismissed faculty and staff to their posts in universities throughout the Sudan, and uphold the academic and administrative independence of the institutions of higher education.
Anne H. Betteridge
Ambassador Abdalla Ahmed Abdalla, Embassy of the Republic of The Sudan Ambassador
Ahmed Maher El-Sayed, Embassy of Egypt Ambassador
Donald K. Peterson, Embassy of the United States of America, Sudan
Ambassador Robert H. Pelletreau, Embassy of the United States of America, Egypt
Dr. Ibrahim Ahmad Umar, Minister of Higher Education of The Sudan
Dr. Kamel Baheldin, Minister of Higher Education of Egypt
Dr. Suleiman Abu Salih, Foreign Minister of The Sudan
Minister Amr Moussa, Foreign Minister of Egypt
Mr. Jeff Lumstead, Sudan Desk, U. S. Department of State | {
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Transformasi Nasional 2050
Transformasi Nasional 2050 logo.
Transformasi Nasional 2050 (TN50, National Transformation 2050); is an initiative of national development that spans 30 years, from 2020 to 2050.[1] It was launched by the 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia, Najib Razak. The initiative was planned to be driven by clear goals and targets for the span of 30 years, which were to be developed through a consultative process in the preparatory phase from 2017 to 2019.[2]
Policy documents of TN50 were to be published in 2020.[3] However following the changes of government in Malaysia in 2018, the new Youth and Sports Minister Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman announced the TN50 was officially dismantled with some aspirations maintained by the Pakatan Harapan (PH)'s Malaysia Baharu government after GE14.[4]
1.1 Prime dialogue
The Ministry of Youth and Sports started the process by leading the 'TN50 Discussion', involvement series and activities discourse.[5][6]
The 2017–2019 preparation phase included other activities that related to the development of TN50 policy documents such as engagement with policy stakeholders, domain experts and leaders in specific areas.
Prime dialogue[edit]
The TN50 Prime Dialogue (Dialog Perdana TN50) was held in Dewan Tunku Canselor, Universiti Malaya on 19 January 2017. The event was attended by 500 youths voicing their aspirations for Malaysia for 2050.[7][8]
In his speech, Najib said the approach was chosen because he wanted the TN50 to be the people's vision for the future of the nation.[9]
The TN50 was allegedly initiated by Najib to undermined Mahathir Mohamad's Wawasan 2020 legacy that had fallen through due to the 2018 general election (GE14) results.[10] Mahathir had claimed TN50 was due to Najib's BN government failure then to achieve the Wawasan 2020.[11][12][13]
Shared Prosperity Vision 2030
1Malaysia
Economy portal
Malaysia portal
^ Saleh Mohammed (30 January 2017). "TN50 a good long-term plan". The Star. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
^ "PM Najib announces TN50, a new 30-year vision for Malaysia". New Straits Times. 21 October 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ "Transformasi Nasional 2050" [National Transformation 2050]. mytn50.com. TN50. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017.
^ P Prem Kumar; Alifah Zainuddin (24 December 2018). "TN50 officially dismantled but some aspirations remain alive". The Malaysian Reserve. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
^ Kamles Kumar (8 June 2017). "Khairy: My own TN50 aspiration is a future-proof Malaysia". The Malay Mail. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
^ "Transformasi Nasional 2050" [National Transformation 2050]. Ministry of Youth and Sports, Malaysia (in Malay). IKTBN Dusun Tua, Bahagian Pembangunan Kemahiran Belia, Institusi Latihan Kemahiran Belia & Sukan. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
^ "TN50: What youths want for Malaysia". The Malay Mail. 28 February 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ "TN50 Is Malaysia's Dream". New Straits Times. Malaysian Digest. 28 February 2018. Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ "Bermula perjalanan TN50" [Starting the NT50 journey] (in Malay). Utusan Malaysia. 20 January 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
^ "'Ada orang cakap TN50 tolak Wawasan 2020, kita tidak tolak' – Najib" ['There is someone says NT50 rejects Vision 2020, we don't reject' – Najib] (in Malay). The Malaysian Times. 8 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ Azril Annuar (3 January 2018). "Dr M claims TN50 due to failure to achieve his Vision 2020". The Malay Mail. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ Hambali Abdul Latiff (22 October 2016). "TN50 cubaan pinggirkan legasi Wawasan 2020?" [NT50 attempt to break the legacy of Vision 2020?] (in Malay). Malaysiakini. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ Anne Edwards (5 January 2018). "Khairy criticises "sad and petty" Mahathir". Anne Edwards TV. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
PTD Malaysia
Apa Itu TN50 (Transformasi Nasional 2050) Exam PTD.
FACT SHEET TRANSFORMASI NASIONAL 2050 (TN50)
Masa Depan Negaraku
Economy of Malaysia
1997 Asian financial crisis
Tiger Cub Economies
Central Bank of Malaysia
Malaysia Stock Exchange
Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange
Malaysian Electronic Payment System (MEPS)
Overnight Policy Rate
Energy Commission of Malaysia
Federal Land Development Authority
Khazanah Nasional
Permodalan Nasional Berhad
Malaysian Industrial Development Authority
Corridors and Regions
East Coast Economic Region (ECER)
Iskandar Malaysia (IM)
Labuan International Business and Financial Centre (Labuan IBFC)
Northern Corridor Economic Region (NCER)
Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre (Kuala Lumpur)
Port Klang Free Zone (PKFZ)
South Perak Region (WPS)
Sabah Development Corridor (SDC)
Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy (SCORE)
Economic blueprint
National Transformation 2050 (defunct)
Economic co-operation
BIMP-EAGA
Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle
Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle
Malaysian New Economic Policy (NEP)
National Development Policy (NDP)
New Economic Model (NEM)
Government Transformation Programme (GTP)
Economic Transformation Programme (ETP)
Malaysia–European Union Free Trade Agreement
Malaysia–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement
Malaysia–United States Free Trade Agreement
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)
Palm oil production
List of Malaysia states by GDP
Poverty in Malaysia
Goods and services tax in Malaysia
Bamboo network
Subsidy reform in Malaysia
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transformasi_Nasional_2050&oldid=987550308"
Public policy in Malaysia
Malaysian brands
Malaysian political slogans
Malaysian society
Social history of Malaysia
CS1 Malay-language sources (ms)
EngvarB from October 2019
Official website not in Wikidata
This page was last edited on 7 November 2020, at 19:45 (UTC). | {
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Melbourne Nightclub's 'Racist' Coronavirus Event Sparks Fury
A Melbourne nightclub has apologised after the promotional material for an event this coming Friday sparked a wave of backlash for being "racist" in the wake of the coronavirus outbreak.
Pawn & Co, located in suburb Prahran which is approximately 5 kilometres south-east of Melbourne's city centre, was set to be the location of an event advertised as a "Corona Chinese New Year Special".
Sydney Cafe's 'Made In China' Coronavirus Sign Sparks Outrage
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Chinese-Australians Facing Racism After Coronavirus Outbreak
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Marketing material issued by the event's promoter, Mr Chan's, told customers that they could pay $8 for a "Limited Edition Face Mask" and Corona-branded beer.
In a statement released by Pawn & Co on Wednesday, the nightclub said its team members "unreservedly apologise for the insensitive and inappropriate marketing that has been circulated from Mr Chan's".
"While it is an external promotional company that owns the Mr Chan's brand, we acknowledge that we should have been more active in understanding the communication being marketed and how it might be perceived," the company stated.
While Pawn & Co didn't confirm it had cancelled the event, the club's 'Facebook events' pages promoting Friday night no longer appear online.
The Asian Australian Alliance's founder Erin Chew said she was "disappointed" when she first saw the event's promo material come across her Facebook feed.
"I felt disappointed that in 2020, these negative racial tropes are still being used insensitively as well as for laughs," Chew old HuffPost Australia.
Having founded the Asian Australian Alliance, an organisation with over 900 members that promotes advocacy on social issues faced by Asian-Australians, Chew explained that timing only made this situation worse.
"Particularly in this current environment where Chinese and Asian Australians are being accused of having the coronavirus and/or eating everything, using this brand to make profit at this time shows that clubs like Pawn & Co didn't think about the racial backlash, nor did they think about how offensive this brand is to Chinese and Asians everywhere," she said.
Chew acknowledged the nightclub's apology and efforts to remove the offensive imagery from their social media accounts, and said "this is a teachable moment" for such companies.
Following Pawn & Co's apology, the promoter Mr Chan's is yet to issue a public statement.
Its official Instagram account appears to have been turned to private mode in the wake of the backlash, and the promoter did not immediately respond to HuffPost's request for comment.
Chew explained that the promoter's name even had racial undertones, and called for the brand to be "shut down" altogether.
"The racial trope of 'Mr Chan' stems from the insidious history of how Hollywood tried to not only emasculate but also present Chinese/Asians on screen as villain," she explained.
"Now it is about working on ensuring that this brand is shut down and not used at a different venue/club and that onus is on the promoters/owners of this brand. Remember this is not the 1920s, but it is 2020, we in Australia should do better."
Australia has 14 confirmed cases of coronavirus with those infected having been ordered to "self-isolate" for 14 days.
The second group of Australian citizens and permanent residents was evacuated out of the coronavirus epicentre in Wuhan, China, and arrived on Christmas Island on Thursday morning. They will have to stay in quarantine for 14 days.
The majority of coronavirus cases, which have resulted in at least 170 deaths, have been in China where health officials say the virus originated. Additional cases have been reported in 18 other countries, including the US, France, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, India and Australia.
Sydney Cafe's 'Made In China' Coronavirus Sign Sparks Outrage
NSW Politicians' Warning After Fake Coronavirus Message Targets Sydney Suburbs
Australian In Wuhan Details Coronavirus Evacuation, Being 'Kept In The Dark'
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Source: Huffington Post Australia Athena2 https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/entry/coronavirus-melbourne-club-racism_au_5e3b814ec5b6bb0ffc0ade6f | {
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On 04, Jun 2014 | In Wedding Bands | By Leigh
A collaboration between some of Cleveland's most notable performers, Tony Koussa Jr. and Erin Rossi, The Element is sure to be the perfect fit for your wedding if you're looking for a band whose talent is only matched by their professionalism.
The Element's playlist spans Jazz to Classic Rock, Motown, Pop and Country, all performed with the charm and energy that keeps your guests on the dance floor. To give your event added flair and sound, The Element can be expanded from a 5-piece to an 8-piece band with the addition of their fabulous horn section.
The Element was featured in a Today's Bride Real Wedding!
I honestly don't even know where to begin. The Element band truly made my wedding dreams come true in so many ways. Their band leader, Erin Rossi, felt like a family member by the end of this experience. When rescheduling our wedding due to Covid she was extremely kind and flexible as she quickly re-arranged things so that we could still book them and always re-assured us it was all going to work out. When our wedding day was finally approaching, Erin was just as excited as we were… and her enthusiasm shined the entire night. It was incredible. I still have friends and family commenting on how phenomenal the band was. It was for sure the highlight of our night and the photos from the dance floor and the smiles on everyone's faces prove it. I couldn't have asked for anything more. Thank you to the entire Element band… that night you created the most energetic and exciting environment that made memories for us to last a lifetime and for that I will be forever grateful.
This band has high energy
Could our reception music and vibe have been better? Emphatically NO! This is the second time we have used The Element for a wedding reception and we were not disappointed. Tony and the band listened to the bride and groom's ideas and requests and followed them to a T! Once the guests got on the dance floor they never left and boy did we have a good time. I am so happy they were available for our party and will definitely call on them again.
We also used Kerry for music during the ceremony and cocktail hour. He was just the right sound for both and so easy to work with as well!
Carolyn Newman
The Union Club, Cleveland
The BEST wedding band EVER
The Element from start to finish were EVERYTHING we wanted in a wedding band and more. Lead singer Erin and Cleveland Music Group was easy to work with, quick to respond, and made us feel so special from first contact. We were provided with multiple opportunities to see them live before making our decision and Erin even came over when we came to see them just to welcome and congratulate us. The band was also incredibly accommodating giving us a say in what was played and having no ego whatsoever about me (the bride) wanting to perform a few songs with them. As for the talent, it doesn't get better than The Element. I come from a family of musicians and we are critical and particular- The Element did not disappoint. Erin's voice is liquid gold and every musician is perfection. The band created the entire amazing vibe for our reception and people never left the dance floor. All of our guests were floored by this band, many saying "best wedding band I've ever seen!" I could not agree more. If you're debating DJ or Band, trust me, hire a band, and make sure it's The Element! It will be worth it!!
Kayla & Matt Pinto
Danced All Night
The Element is top notch. Our wedding party was a complete success! The vocalists and musicians are all very talented and professional. We wanted a band that was not a typical wedding band and we sure got it! The dance floor was hopping all night. We would highly recommend this band.
Emily Garvin/Nate Cohen
The Tudor Arms
NO WORDS!
I don't have words for how thankful we are for The Element and the Cleveland Music Group. The band made our entire wedding night. I really wanted a wedding with a lot of dancing and we got that, thanks to Erin and The Element. The dance floor was full all night! Every member of the band is so talented and amazing. Choosing The Element was our second best decision (besides getting married 😊). All night long guests were mentioning how great the band was and asking us who they were. Erin is also a great emcee, keeping everyone engaged and helping us immensely in scheduling and coordinating our speeches and introduction. On top of their amazing performance the night of – Erin was an absolute pleasure to work with during the planning process. She was extremely responsive, friendly and competent in all of our communications. We researched and went to performances by other bands during the planning process, but we both knew from the beginning that we wanted The Element. Can't recommend them more!
Also, the Sonata String Trio did an unbelievable job during our ceremony and cocktail hour. Their music is absolutely beautiful and they were easy and friendly to work with!
Tessa and Drew Hanna
Great Wedding Band
We were very happy with The Element for our daughter's wedding. They did an excellent job and we received many positive comments from our guests ("This band is great" came up many times). Thanks so much for making our reception a lot of fun. We would highly recommend The Element anytime.
Chris Chase (Katy Chase & Alex Peltier)
Perrfect band for our party.
The Element played our low-key 30th Anniversary part for our firm. Eric Smith recommended them for the vibe we wanted. Setting the mood but still being in the background so people can talk. They were awesome. They read the audience and played great music all night and I can tell if we wanted to get crazy on the dance floor they could have accommodated, but the vibe of the party didn't want that. Would definitely use them again.
Sheri Terens
Market Square, Crocker Park
The perfect band for an acoustically challenging venue!
Erin Rossi from The Element (and Scott Jones and Tony Howard of CMG) was incredible to work with both throughout planning our wedding as well as on the day of. Erin quickly answered my every email or call and was always a pleasure to talk to. Not only is she EXTREMELY talented, she is an amazing business person, emcee, and overall human being. She was so on top of everything. I felt so much less stressed knowing Erin was helping to lead the way on wedding day. I was very worried the sound in the Old Courthouse would be horrible since it's a cavernous, marble-filled venue, but the sound was amazing! It was way better than I had been warned about or expected at the Courthouse, especially for the speeches. Thank you SO much to The Element and Cleveland Music Group. The wedding was an absolute blast thanks to Erin, Tony, and Scott! And the lighting that CMG set up looked great too!
Maggie Killeen and Stephen Leb
The Old Courthouse
Outstanding music for ceremony and reception!
We used Sonata Strings for the ceremony music and The Element for the reception. They were both excellent! Sonata Strings learned a new song: Stay with Me by Sam Smith, which the bride used for her processional. Erin was a great emcee and kept everyone dancing and engaged. It was a perfect evening from start to finish!
Deborah Ewing-Wilson/ Couple: Victoria Wilson and Andrew Foster
Sapphire Winery and Gardens
wedding at windows
Awesome, The Element is the best band! We had a great time, need left the dance floor! Erin was a wonderful emcee and the guys were amazing to our crowd-even got to participate. Have already recommended several times since our event.
Kathy Outcalt
We had the Sonata Strings Trio play during our daughter's wedding ceremony and The Element played during the reception. We've heard The Element before and as always, they were fabulous!! Erin was very easy to work with leading up to the big day and she was great emceeing during the reception! Everyone had a great time!!
Ann Geib
My favorite wedding vendor BY FAR!
Erin Rossi and the rest of The Element went above and beyond their duties. They were so nice and personable – it felt like my friends were helping make my day the most special it could be! Talking with Erin on the phone and working with her to get everything set was so stress-free and made me feel like my wedding was going to go off without a hitch – which was true! Nothing went wrong – everything was so great! They were so nice about adding everything we wanted for the band and the ceremony. They were all just a pleasure to work with. Thanks again!
Nick and Abbey Farkas
Market Square at Crocker Park
The highlight of our wedding!
My (now) wife & I were looking for a band for our wedding and The Element was highly recommended by a common friend. We could not have made a better choice! We were impressed by their professionalism from the very first meeting. They not only took care of the music for the reception, which was absolutely incredible, but also helped us in figuring out a sound system for the ceremony. Our ceremony was outdoors without an easy access to power! They provided us with 2 mics and a sound engineer. That was such a huge relief!
Our wedding was a cross cultural Indo-American wedding and the way they weaved in the different genres of music from pop, rock, jazz and Bollywood hits was perfect. They kept the guests dancing for almost 4 hours. We still get compliments about the band 10 days later.
Lara Smetana and Sanjay Tiwari
Judson Manor, University Circle, Cleveland OH
Supportive and sensational!
We were so happy about our experience working with Erin and The Element. Erin was so supportive throughout the planning process with words of encouragement and flexibility in our song choices (we picked a few songs from our first dance/ father-daughter dance not on the song list, and her team made no issue of learning it for us and performing beautifully) . Our guests danced the night through and had so much fun, and Erin also kept our reception on track by MC'ing our toasts, family blessings, and more. BIG thanks to this band.
Brittany Kaback
Stambaugh Auditorium
The Element was outstanding!
We absolutely loved The Element! They are incredibly talented and sounded outstanding at our wedding. They exceeded our expectations. Our guests were dancing all night long, including myself and I'm not much of a dancer! Erin was very easy to work with too. We feel so lucky to have had them as our wedding band. We highly recommend them!
Kelly May and Will McDevitt
The Club at Hillbrook
We and our guests loved The Element. I was sad when it ended!
Marriott Key Tower
Stop looking
Four hours of diverse dance music. You and your guests will never sit down. Great voices. Great musicianship. From Motown to rock to R&B. All great. Seriously stop looking and book The Element.
Dave and Peggy Gabrielsen
Barrington CC
The best choice we made for our wedding was hiring the Element!
The Element was the perfect mix of oldies and new hits. I have been to many weddings where the band is predominately oldies and we did not want that. The Element plays the oldies flawlessly but it is the way they play the new hits that really drew our attention to them. We received the most compliments from our guests about the band. Erin was a perfect MC. She handled a couple special requests without hesitation. She made sure our wedding naturally flowed along. Erin even let one of my bridesmaids on stage to sing Proud Mary with her onstage. Everything from booking The Element all the way to the end of the wedding was perfect. We wouldn't have changed one thing about the performance. We really cannot thank the Element enough–without them, our wedding would never have been what it turned out to be!
Nathalie and Ryan Supler
Aloft Downtown
Great sounding perfect wedding band
All our guests enjoyed dancing to the music sung and played by The Element.
Laluk/Logan
Embassy suites Rockside
A Perfect Band Made for a Perfect Wedding Celebration
The Element is the perfect band to help you celebrate your special day! They played at our wedding, and we are so happy they did — the dance floor was full the entire night. Everyone had too much fun dancing to their amazing music, which ranged from Frank Sinatra to today's Top 40. This is an incredibly talented group, and they were so easy to work with, which was much appreciated. We cannot recommend them enough!
Evan and Cristina Luse
Sheraton Suites
The Best Band Ever!!!
There are a lot of things that you don't have control over on your BIG Day! But you can have control over hiring the Best Band Ever for your reception – The Element! The Element was outstanding!! Once we got on the dance floor our wedding turned into one of the best weddings ever. The Element had the dance floor packed all night. Our guests kept raving about the band and how one song was better than the last. They didn't want to take a break from dancing. Erin Rossi was absolutely wonderful to work with throughout the entire planning process. She made herself available and handled so much! We didn't have to worry at all! Much love to the Cleveland Music Group and The Element! Thank you!
Andrea Bruno and Brian Warning
Great music and a pleasure to work with!
The Element was a perfect addition to our young adult party! Their leader, Erin, was an absolute pleasure to work with from start to finish. The band was collaborative and worked with us to get the perfect set list. I wholeheartedly recommend The Element for your next corporate or private function.
Aaron Heft
Music Box Supper Club
We could not have asked for a better band for our wedding! Erin was awesome to work with and made everything so easy and stress free! We received multiple compliments from our guests on how great and talented the band was – people did not leave the dance floor the entire night! I can not say enough great things about The Element and would recommend them in a heartbeat!
Elizabeth and Michael Tilenni
The Union Club
Top Notch from Start to Finish!
We and our guests LOVED The Element! We had several guests comment both during and after the reception about how great the band was and wanting to know how we'd found them. Before dinner was even served, my mom approached me to tell me how much she loved the band – and they were only in their dinner music set!
Erin Rossi was amazing to work with – before we'd even booked them, we expressed interest in seeing them play live, and Erin reached out by email to encourage us to see them at an upcoming show at Brothers Lounge. We did, and loved them right away. Erin was friendly and engaging and chatted with us during one of their breaks. Not only that, there were at least two other couples there who had had The Element at their wedding and came out to see them play again.
Then as the wedding date approached, we met with Erin and immediately knew our reception was in great hands. She was detail-oriented, asked a lot of great questions, and really tried to get a sense of just what kind of party we wanted to have for our wedding reception.
And then she and the band delivered! Neither my husband and I, nor many of our guests, had much of a voice the next morning, because we'd been singing along all night to the band. You know you have a great band when the dance floor stays full, even during the breaks, when the ipod sets are playing – and our dance floor never emptied! Erin gets the crowd engaged – stepping onto the dance floor herself to encourage everyone's involvement…she even pulled our two nephews onto the stage so they could show off their dance moves!
The Element far exceeded all of our expectations, and we highly recommend them!
Josh and Emily Montgomery
Crowne Plaza Playhouse Square
We are so thankful to have booked The Element for our daughters wedding! First and foremost, they set up the sound perfectly for our evening at the Old Courthouse. This is a very difficult venue for acoustics. Many people had told us horror stories of not being able to understand any speeches and just having a muffled overall sound. This was not our experience at all. Whatever they did, it worked! We were able to fully hear the ceremony and speeches.
The band itself was great! They played a wide variety of music and kept the dance floor full all night! They also interacted well with the bride and groom and the guests. Thank you Erin and Tony and the rest of The Element band! You were a pleasure to work with! Thank you as well to Scott Jones for your professionalism. We definitely recommend Cleveland Music Group and The Element to anyone for any event but especially for the Old Courthouse!
Sandie Onorato
My Daughter's Wedding
Everything about this experience was fantastic. The people behind the scenes who set the contract and organized the band were amazing and very efficient. Professional and polite. Great with follow up and details. The Element was rocking and Erin the lead singer made the event wonderful. Her vocals are amazing. Thank you for everything.
Vi Dreher
Westwood Country Club
We were so lucky to have Erin, Tony and the band members of The Element at our wedding. They were unbelievable! They had everyone up and dancing from the first song until the very end of the night. Erin was fantastic to plan with and took all the stress away that night. Every song they played was perfect and kept the party going. We wouldn't have wished for anything different and they helped the night the best night ever!!!
Ashley and Gregg Heidrick
Quail Hollow Resort
The Element is AMAZING as usual!
The group LOVED The Element. Their musical selections, professionalism, ability to deal with the cold weather and so much more was simply fantastic.
The entire band is just incredible; I would recommend them to play any event at any time. The music is timeless and the vocals just perfection. I am partial as I love that Erin Rossi!
Bob Sferra
Blew us away
The Element was exceptional. The organization, the flow of music, the singing quality, everything was amazing. I was so blown away by their professionalism in planning and their flexibility with understanding we didn't have all the details ironed out yet. Erin was so helpful and so wonderful to work with I would recommend her and the band to any and every person I know. They play all kinds of music and know how to get all guests on their feet!
Esma and David Haimes
Windows on the River- Bridgeview Room
CLE Music is the the only choice for a wedding!
Everything about the performance of both the band and the harpist was flawless! From planning our timeline and music selection to executing an unforgettable night with tricky Courthouse acoustics, they were fantastic. The dance floor was full the entire evening and The Element absolutely crushed it! Thank you so much for being a part of our special day.
Kevin Ball
Best Band EVER
Erin Rossi is the best in the business. I have worked with her prior to my wedding in different capacities and she is a consummate professional. Erin listens and understands the ambiance your family is looking to create and personalizes the band's offering to your wishes. Erin is fast to respond and follow-up. She perfected every aspect of the wedding and no details were missed. The Element. I cannot say enough wonderful things about this band. I have worked and heard a lot of wedding bands. This one is the BEST. Family, friends and colleagues are still talking about the band and the amount of people dancing the entire night. The dance floor was PACKED. We could not get people to leave at the end of the night. The lead singer even learned the song for my father/daughter dance. It was perfect.
Emily E
The Element band is beyond incredible. I've never seen a wedding crowd get so involved and have so much fun on the dance floor! Without a doubt the best part about my whole wedding was having them perform. Thank you guys for such a fun night!
Megan and Pete
Hale Farm
We were so happy to have chosen The Element for our children's wedding. Erin was so easy to work with; from contract to execution she didn't miss a beat. She was proactive in contacting us to make sure we had the kind of music and vibe we wanted (both for the wedding and while on band breaks) and that all special dances were covered. Our guests are still complimenting us about the band. They made the party extra special and full of energy. I know that bands like this perform at least every weekend and they kept it fresh!
Pendery - Ellis wedding (Myrna Pendery)
Amazing Band! Had our wedding guests out on the dance floor all night! (Even before dinner!)
Tony and The Element were amazing! Tony was great to meet with and accommodated all of our song requests. They were so flexible the wedding day and our guests were having so much fun! People were out dancing even before dinner was served!
We received many compliments from guests about how fun they were and how they played such great music. I as the bride especially enjoyed them letting me come on stage for my favorite song! They also were so entertained by a few of our more "energized" guests and their dance moves. Thank you for making our wedding night celebration so much fun!
Meredith & Jim Foxx
Wyndham Playhouse Square
Nothing short of amazing!
From the beginning when we first started working with Scott, we have been nothing but impressed with Cleveland Music Group. The communication was wonderful when we were planning the timeline of our wedding. Erin from The Element was terrific to work with. She was easy to communicate with, upbeat and instantly I felt at ease with our music selection. Leading up to our wedding we talked with Erin many times and she was willing to work with us and our selections. During our wedding she was great, watching the flow of the evening. The band was outstanding! We had many compliments and our guests loved the sound and selection the band played. Thank you for making our wedding truly special!
John and Molly Cancila
Columbus Athenaeum
Perfect Night
I truly can't speak more highly about The Element band. We chose to use the brass (trumpet and saxophone players) and the band really nailed the night. Our dance floor was packed from start to finish; our guests were totally into the music. Erin (the lead singer) has a lovely voice! She was so great to work with; from the planning stages on. She worked with us to create a unique playlist for our wedding that we wanted. They even learned a few songs for us! (Just FYI; if you want the dance floor rocking, go for the YMCA!)
The Element band did an awesome job. We could not be happier about the performance and the energy of the night. Exactly what we were looking for!
Justin Hollinshead and Stephanie (Browske) Hollinshead
The Ariel International Center
The Element Band was AMAZING for our wedding. I am so happy that we hired them! Erin (one of the lead singers) was always quick to respond to emails/phone calls when we had questions. They were well prepared for our wedding and a joy to work with. They kept all our guests moving on the dance floor until the very last song of the evening! Multiple guests came up to me to say they wanted to have The Element for their wedding. Thank you again The Element for making our wedding such a wonderful party!
Crystal Oley/ Jeff Pfister
The Inn At Honey Run
The Element was 100% amazing in every way. The band absolutely killed it at our wedding. They sounded great, the vocals were SO GOOD, and they kept the energy level high the whole time. People danced until they turned the lights on! Leading up to the event, Erin was awesome to work with. She is accommodating and well-organized and also so friendly and easy-going. We felt like she really listened to our requests and it showed at the wedding as we felt like every detail was thought of. She made great recommendations too and we felt very confident going into the event that it was going to be perfect…and it was!
Nikki Tofalo & Bennet Newman
The Terrace Club at Progressive Field
Best wedding band EVER!
I had the pleasure of having The Element perform at our wedding reception. I cannot put into words how talented they all are and how easy it was to work with Erin. They made it very special by surprising me with learning a couple of songs that were especially meaningful to me! I also received a number of compliments from our guests that night on how great they were and even days afterwards. They had everyone on the dance floor until the end of the night! I would without a doubt recommend them to anyone for their wedding, or any other event for that matter. They were truly wonderful.
Stephanie Marchak and Brandon Earnsberger
The Hilton Akron/Fairlawn
Doesn't Get Any Better Than The Element
My fiance and I knew we wanted a band and not a DJ for our wedding. From the moment we heard The Element perform at a friend's wedding we knew there would be no better band that was as engaging, animated and musically talented as The Element. Erin Rossi was beyond helpful with planning our song selections. She made me and my fiance feel so relaxed and comfortable. I knew the band would be wonderful and that I wouldn't have to worry about them.
I was right. The day of the wedding they were extremely professional and accommodating to add in our flower girls and ring bearer into the bridal party announcements. Erin had been in constant communication with me for the days leading up to the wedding to make sure she had the correct pronunciation of each bridal party member. She did a beautiful job as the MC and kept our guests dancing all night. We are so very happy with our choice and hope that you consider The Element when you're exploring bands!!!
Tealla Scrofano & Scott Gehlbach
Tudor Arms Hotel
The Element was AMAZING and made our wedding!!
The Element was AMAZING!! They MADE our wedding and had everyone, from young to old, up and dancing. Not only did they perform beautifully for our ceremony and cocktail hour but they also rocked it out at the reception! Everyone, including us, were raving about their songs, singing, and the upbeat vibe they kept going all night. Their musical talents and singing abilities are on point and SO impressive. If you're looking to make your wedding night or event truly special, then this is the band to get! Thanks again!!
Megan and Collin Moran
ThornCreek Winery
Wonderful God given talent!
We are so grateful for your wonderful God given talent, The Element is just great, the song was beautiful. I felt like a shortstop at an action packed game because I was fielding so many questions about you and the band. Our neighbors want to hire you for the street party, my friends asked me to get you booked for a party. I just want you to know we thank you and appreciate you and although since I only had three daughters there better be no more weddings for them. I wish you all the best, if it was the 70s I would take you touring. At another wedding or event we will hope to meet up again with you.
Ron Connolly
Union Club
We definitely made the right choice!
Your band made the night! Thanks!!
Mayor Anthony Togliatti
A winter wedding
We hired The Element to play at our daughters wedding reception. Right from the beginning we felt very comfortable working with Erin. Picking the right entertainment is by far the most important aspect in producing a fun evening of celebration. The band was absolutely the best. The variety of songs played were perfect. The dance floor was packed all night long. Thank you to the band The Element for accommodating our choice in music and helping make the evening a night to remember!
Cindy Pampush
The Club and Hillbrook
Talent, Energy and Professionalism…the Trifecta!
Once the music started, everyone hit the dance floor and never stopped. The guests responded so well to The Element, the energy was palpable. I have to admit that even though I had heard the demos and thought the talent was there, I wasn't sure if the group would be a big enough sound to carry the tent. But they are such sensational musicians and singers, they do have a "big" sound and "pulled" the crowd onto the floor…young and old alike. They were courteous and even let one of our guests onto the stage to sing a couple of songs…and they harmonized with him! I was thrilled and the bride and groom were too. The Element was a key ingredient to making it such a joyous occasion.
Constance Abbey
The Holden Arboretum
Absolutely amazing!!!
I could not be happier that we chose to go with The Element for our live band. They did such an excellent job! I can't even count how many of my guests said that our reception was the funnest they had ever been to and it was all thanks to The Element! They were even accommodating of some of our rowdier guests and allowed them to join them up on stage. They truly made it the best night ever!
Jamie and John Apa
Tiffany's Banquet Center
The band, The Element, made the wedding the "party of the century!" (a quote from a guest at the wedding!) It was so much fun, and the dance floor was jam packed all night! The variety of the music was awesome…and the band was fabulous! I just can't say enough about how happy we were with the band!
Cheryl Kordel/Jeff & Elizabeth
Fox 8 Wedding
Angela and I thought that your band was amazing. We could not be more happy with the service provided to us. The Element was such an amazing band and be advised that all of my guests have informed us how well your performed. I can honestly tell you that we could not be more pleased and thank you for making our wedding day, the day we have always dreamed of.
Oscar Albores and Angela Albores
I Do at the Zoo (Cleveland Metroparks Zoo)
The Element – Wedding
The Element was a great band for my wedding! They were so easy to work with during the planning and the wedding day. We were FLOODED with compliments from our wedding guests about the band!
Steven & Janelle Chamberlin
A great celebration with The Element!
We saw The Element play twice before hiring them for our Wedding. We loved the band and knew that they would put on a good show….we never expected to get the kind of amazing, blow the roof performance we ended up experiencing! The only instructions we had going in was to make sure everyone was dancing and having a good time. From the dancing during dinner to the hava nagila they kept our guests on their feet! Even the one who never get on the dance floor 🙂 Nearly every song we asked to hear was played, and we both loved how the band interacted with our guests. We were especially impressed with choice saxophone and trumpet solos. Everyone we talked to had wonderful things to say about The Element. We are both so happy we found this group and wish them all the success in the future. Thank you for everything. It was a great celebration with The Element!
Jon and Megan Berger
The Tudor Arms Hotel in Cleveland
Words cannot express my gratitude to you. Thank you to you and the rest of the band for making our wedding night so perfect. Everything was perfect – from cocktail hour to the dance party – you guys KILLED it! Everyone has been asking me, 'Who was your band?!' And I make sure to tell them, 'THE ELEMENT! Use them! They are amazing to work with.'
Amy (Schneider) & Zak Leighton
Deep Springs Trout Club
You and the band were better than we could have imagined. Our guests thought so too!
Danielle & Bryan @ Airport Marriott
Wow! We knew you and your band were going to be good, but you absolutely blew us away!
David & Katie @ Quail Hollow Resort
We cant thank you enough for the amazing job you did…you guys are truly the best of the best.
Marie & Bob @ Windows on the River
The Element went above and beyond our expectations – everyone at the wedding was commenting on how great they were, even those few that weren't on the dance floor! Erin was amazing and easy to work with before the reception and as emcee made our night flow so easily – it couldn't have gone better. I'd recommend The Element to everyone looking for a great party at your event!
Marcy (Souder) & Brett Lucius
Catawba Island Club
Your band made us look good!! Seriously, you were the BEST!!!
Meghan & Patrick @ The Shoreby Club
I wanted to let you know that we received so many compliments on the band. My parents also received quoted a few compliments as well. You guys were awesome and helped make our reception so much fun. Thank you again for all your hard work and helping us put everything together.
Nicole & Greg
Fairlawn Hilton
Thanks again for doing such a wonderful job at our wedding. You have a great voice! You and Tony were great to work with! You really made our reception special. We look forward to staying in touch.
Abbe & Doug
ONeil House Bed & Breakfast
Shake Your Body
Anyway You Want It
Tony Koussa - Keys, Sax, Vocals, Music Director/Band leader
Tony has logged thousands of performances and grown in his musicianship, playing guitar, bass, and keyboards, all while developing one of the most unique and fierce singing voices you'll hear. Tony has not only been a staple in the Cleveland music scene, but has toured toured nationally and internationally with Rounder Records recording artists, along with a Gospel Music tour of Germany and the US. He was voted the Best Horn Player in Northeast Ohio by the Cleveland Free Times and voted Best Male Vocalist by the independent music site, Garageband.com. He has an extensive recording career and has shared the stage with Maceo Parker (of James Brown), GE Smith (of the Saturday Night Live Band), Robert Lockwood Jr., Koko Taylor, and Little Milton, to name a few. He has led his bands to open for the likes of Tony Bennett, Diana Krall, Spryo Gyra, and Mannheim Steamroller. Tony has also played for presidents Bill Clinton and at George W. Bush's 2nd-term Inaugural Ball. Tony is endorsed by Cannonball Saxophones. For the past 18 years, Tony has been captivating audiences and sharing his talents on the small stages to the big ones, bars to weddings, corporate events to festivals, and his talent is only matched by his professionalism.
Erin Rossi - Vocals
Erin has made a name for herself as one of the region's premier vocalists, having sung professionally since the age of 15. No other female vocalist can match her signature, smoky style and her magnetic charisma on stage. Erin is also the Sales & Promotions Manager at Cleveland Music Group.
Chad May - Guitar/Vocals/Trumpet
Chad is a world-class musician who has toured the United States and Japan with the Glenn Miller Orchestra. He has also performed at Carnegie Hall in NYC. Just like most people, you will be drawn in as Chad sings and plays, with his subtle and smooth vocal style and his electrifying energy.
Martin Greenberg - Upright & Electric Bass
In his 25+ years of experience, Martin has shared the bandstand with numerous Jazz luminaries, including pianist Johnny O'Neal, Motown drummer Richard Pistol Allen, organist Bill Heid, alto saxophonist Rick Margitza, guitarists Leon Cook, Dan Faehnle, and Henry Johnson. Martin has also performed at the International Jazz fest.
Chris Cummings - Drums
Professor Cummings is the total package: with 30+ years as a live and studio drummer and a Masters in Music, Chris lays down the perfect beats to keep the party going from bar one. He's opened for the likes of Charlie Daniels, Vince Gill, and Southside Johnny, all while teaching at Newton D. Baker School in Cleveland.
Photo by Justin Ketchem Photography
Photo by Genevieve Nisly Photography
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Home Justice Tobiasson to face allegations 'designed to humiliate'
Tobiasson to face allegations 'designed to humiliate'
Accuses Lombardo of intimidation, retaliation
Justice of the Peace Melanie Tobiasson and Metro Sheriff Joe Lombardo.
Las Vegas Justice of the Peace Melanie Tobiasson, who faces a hearing Monday before the Nevada Judicial Discipline Commission, says Clark County Sheriff Joe Lombardo falsely accused her of drug trafficking to intimidate her, and out of retaliation for Tobiasson speaking out about alleged corruption in the police department.
Tobiasson attributes the allegation to "several people who are confidants of Joe Lombardo who claim to have heard it directly from him," including one of her attorneys.
"I was told that was an angle he was taking," Tobiasson said last month in a deposition with the Judicial Discipline Commission, in preparation for the hearing.
She said Lombardo reportedly put out a BOLO – a "be on the lookout" order for her car.
"And according to these multiple sources, his thing was he was accusing me of somehow being involved in drug trafficking because I had burner phones," Tobiasson testified.
Lombardo, through Metro, declined to respond, citing the ongoing JDC case.
Tobiasson says in the deposition she was directed by FBI agent Kevin White, who was investigating allegations of corruption in Metro's Vice department, to obtain "a second phone, because they would look at my phones. Clearly they did. And he didn't want them to know that we were talking because he felt they would try to keep us from talking."
"As part of its investigation of the Respondent's improper conduct, Metro obtained judicial authorization in approximately July of 2017 to place a pen register on the Respondent's phones which included her prepaid burner phone," the JDC's complaint reads. "A 'pen register' is a device or process which records dialing information transmitted by telephones."
"I think a lot of things have been done as retaliation and intimidation and punishment for speaking out about corruption," Tobiasson said.
Even Lombardo admits Metro dropped the ball and ignored tips from Tobiasson.
In an interview with the JDC's investigator, Metro Homicide Det. Jarrod Grimmett described a meeting with Lombardo and detectives about a September 2016 murder outside a clothing store Tobiasson told police may be an underage club.
"'You get information and you did nothing with it, and now we got a murder? You know, I mean, what the hell?'" Grimmett said, paraphrasing Lombardo. "Pretty much how the meeting went. A lot of yelling and screaming and a lot of spit flying by the Sheriff. Because he was upset. 'A judge gave you some valid information and you did nothing with it.' And the vice detective (Kelly Bluth) says, 'yeah, I walked in there and something wasn't right,' is what he said. Something wasn't right. And he (Lombardo) says: 'And then what the hell did you do about it? Nothing. And now we have a murder.'"
A month after the murder, on October 25, 2016, according to Tobiasson and witness testimony, then-Vice Detective Justine Gatus revealed to a Metro officer and his teen daughter that Tobiasson provided confidential information that she suspected the girl, a friend of Tobiasson's daughter, was being trafficked by Shane Valentine, who the judge says also targeted her daughter.
"They (police) had put a target on my daughter's back," Tobiasson testified.
Within hours, Valentine's alleged competitor in the sex trade, Nehemiah Kauffman, and his girlfriend, Sydney Land, had been executed in their apartment.
Now, the judge says she's the scapegoat for Metro's failure to make arrests in the murders, and the prime suspect in the unsolved case, Valentine, is being portrayed as her victim. Her efforts to protect her daughter and thwart sex trafficking could get her booted from the bench.
Tobiasson and her attorneys say the complaint against her is riddled with factual errors upon which the allegations against her are based.
She's alleged to have conducted her own investigation of the double murder, which the JDC says prompted Metro to investigate her.
"Once Metro learned of Respondent's improper personal involvement in an ongoing murder investigation, Metro had opened an investigation to determine whether Respondent had violated any criminal statutes," the JDC's complaint alleges.
"I never improperly became personally involved in a double murder investigation," Tobiasson testified. "I was concerned the guy that Vice and Homicide were telling me was involved in the murder, Shane Valentine, was going to kill my child, also. So I felt I had every right as a mother to know where Shane Valentine was so I could protect my child."
She's alleged by the JDC to have obtained text messages between homicide detectives and Connie Land, the mother of murder victim Sydney Land.
"She provided them to me unsolicited the day we first met," says Tobiasson, adding she was later unable to open the messages. "So I asked her to send them to me again. I told her I was working on something. I didn't tell her it was the FBI that was asking me for these documents."
Tobiasson is also alleged to have dismissed charges against a "known organized crime associate" even though a transcript of the hearing clearly states the District Attorney declined to prosecute.
And the JDC says she failed to publicly recuse at a domestic violence hearing for Valentine, the man she says threatened to kill her daughter. Tobiasson says she disclosed the potential conflict to the attorneys, who agreed she could approve a previously negotiated plea and not call attention to herself or her daughter. As a result of the plea, Valentine was released from custody.
She's also facing discipline for publicly disparaging police, a charge to which she readily admits.
"Based on my experience, yes, I do believe that there are vice and other detectives who protect certain criminals at the expense of people who are being victimized by those criminals," she said in a November deposition.
'I wish I'd never heard his name'
"Fuck you, bitch," said the Snapchat message from someone known as 'Sugar Shane" that Tobiasson says her daughter shared with her in December 2015. "You were born with a silver spoon in your mouth. I'm going to take you out and teach you to work the Strip. You're going to make money for me."
"And fortunately, my daughter came home that night. Fortunately, he didn't beat her up or force her to do exactly what he said he was going to do," she testified. "But he said it and I saw it."
"I reported that to the police. I did not investigate him. I did not ask for him to come into my life. I wish I had never heard his name, your name, any of these names. But I did. And it wasn't because I was out investigating," Tobiasson testified in the deposition for the JDC. "It was because my daughter and many, many, many other juvenile girls were being targeted and I became aware of it, thank God, because my daughter actually talked to me…"
Tobiasson testified she's been "vilified and crucified" for reporting to police "that somebody was trying to pimp out my daughter and threatened to kill her if she told her mother."
Tobiasson says she did what any mother would do if her daughter were threatened. She told the police.
Tobiasson, the wife of a retired cop, had informally complained in 2015 to detectives about a clothing store where her daughter briefly worked. The judge, who observed underage girls frequenting the store at night, says she suspected it could be an unlicensed club.
Her concern ended when her daughter quit the job after a few weeks. But the message from Valentine months later prompted another call to the police.
The girl, who admitted to her mother she went to Valentine's home to obtain a fake ID, revealed she also saw drugs and guns, and disclosed Valentine was a felon.
"I reported crime to the police as a mother and I certainly shouldn't be precluded from reporting criminal activity to the police as a mother, just because I work as a judge," Tobiasson testified in the deposition.
Tobiasson says she eventually came to believe Valentine "very intentionally started to target my daughter after the day he walked into my courtroom with three other men during a hearing, trying to intimidate the witness, and I kicked them out of the courtroom, and I kicked them out of the courthouse, and I made sure she was safe."
The witness was Valentine's roommate, Morgan Fitzpatrick, the daughter of Clark County Judge Michelle Leavitt. Fitzpatrick testified at that hearing that Valentine ordered two other women to beat her after the three returned from their jobs at an escort service.
"And it was shortly thereafter that one of the girls that worked with him (Valentine) that was friends with my daughter, and I believe by design, introduced my daughter to Shane Valentine," Tobiasson testified. "And I'm under investigation."
The JDC's complaint alleges Tobiasson failed to recuse herself months later when Valentine appeared in her court on a domestic violence charge.
She privately disclosed to the public defender and prosecutor that she had reported Valentine to the police months earlier for threatening her daughter.
A plea had already been negotiated and accepted by Valentine.
"In light of the unique situation they both agreed it was safer for me to just accept the plea," Tobiasson testified. "I did everything I could to abide by my ethical obligations and protect my daughter's life."
She says the DA on the case later "came to me and told me this was the same person who had pimped out the other judge's daughter."
When Valentine returned to her court several months later, she recused, prompting Valentine to contact her daughter.
Tobiasson admits that with police failing to act, she "contacted Valentine's lawyer and told him to tell Valentine that if he called her daughter again she would take care of it herself."
But she says she was "puffing" and trying to "sound tough" when she told a blogger that she went to Valentine's house and kicked his door.
"I went to the house and never got out of the car," she testified.
'Known organized crime figure'
Tobiasson says the JDC's allegation that she dismissed domestic violence charges against a known organized crime figure with whom she associated is a fabrication.
"At the time he was in my courtroom, I had no idea who Tony Danna was. I had never met him, never seen him, never talked to him, didn't know of his existence," she testified, adding it was the District Attorney, not she, as the JDC alleges, who dismissed charges against him.
She says the JDC's prosecutors wrote the allegation "knowing this is 100 percent false."
"I don't have any connection to Mr. Danna," Tobiasson testified, adding she saw him "one time in person."
"When I met him at the end of July, I did not know, nor did I recognize, nor did I make an association with him as somebody who had been in my courtroom several weeks earlier," she testified. "I was at dinner with a friend. He came over to talk with the friend I was sitting with, who then introduced him to me. I didn't recognize the name."
The JDC complaint alleges the two made some 1,000 "attempts to communicate" during a six month period. Tobiasson says Metro's records of her phone reveal 700 of those "attempts" were calls to her from Danna, which she did not answer.
"There's no question what the intention was of this. What this was supposed to look like," she testified. "It's supposed to be humiliating and embarrassing and make the suggestion I was somehow having an improper relationship with somebody, which I wasn't."
"A known criminal figure. What does that look like? Like she's maybe trying to get someone to do something for her," she added.
Last December the JDC held a two-day hearing in which Tobiasson and her colleague, Judge Amy Chelini, answered for a variety of allegations, including Tobiasson's fashion choices, the pair's alleged use of foul language in the halls of the courthouse, and requesting that certain clerks work in their courtrooms.
The Commission took no action following the two-day hearing.
Wear your seat belt
As Covid cases surge and push for compassionate release intensifies, prisons turn to foggers
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<h1>Tobiasson to face allegations 'designed to humiliate'</h1> <p class="byline">by Dana Gentry, <a href="https://www.nevadacurrent.com/">Nevada Current</a> <br />December 10, 2020</p>
'Stickler for facts' Fiore shrugs off domestic violence, gun reform groups'...
Guns October 15, 2019
One step closer to decriminalizing traffic tickets
Justice August 28, 2018 | {
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Deadly Car Crashes on the Rise Despite Decreased Traffic in Pandemic: Is Distracted Driving to Blame?
As Ohioans work to combat the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, roadway travel across the state has drastically decreased compared to the previous year. According to the Ohio Department of Transportation, Ohio's traffic count fell by nearly 50% in April and has remained below last years' count even as businesses have reopened throughout the year. Unsurprisingly, fewer motorists have resulted in fewer car crashes and enforcement stops. However, the huge reductions in traffic have not necessarily created safer roadways.
Traffic Fatalities in Ohio
In July of this year alone, 154 Ohio citizens were killed in traffic accidents, making it the deadliest month on Ohio roadways since 2007. With one month left in 2020, the Ohio State Highway Patrol has already reported 1,131 traffic fatalities. By comparison, there were 1,041 fatal crashes resulting in 1,115 deaths in 2019.
Ohio's traffic fatalities have been on an upward trend over the past six years, but this year's increase is especially alarming given the dramatic decline in roadway travel. So why the continued incline in fatal traffic accidents? Many, including Ohio Governor Mike DeWine, believe distracted driving is a major contributor. Distracted driving violations in Ohio have increased significantly in 2020, with 8,666 reported violations—almost 800 more than the previous year— so far this year.
Pandemic Making Roads Deadlier Nationwide
Empty, open streets can cause drivers to become less attentive and more prone to engage in reckless driving habits, such as texting and speeding. According to a nationwide study conducted by the data company Zendrive, collisions per mile have increased by 63% on U.S. roads since January 2020.
In another study published earlier this year, the same company found that cell phone use, hard braking, and speeding increased by 38%, 25%, and 27%, respectively, during the first five weeks of the stay-in-place order. Fast-forward to November; phone usage frequency has continued to impact driving safety nationwide, with 57% of all collisions involving phone usage before impact.
Given this data, the uptick in traffic fatalities in Ohio and across the U.S. should come as no surprise. Lawmakers have long recognized that distracted driving creates enormous potential for serious injury and death, leading 25 states to ban all hand-held cell phone use and 48 states, including Ohio, to ban text messaging while driving.
Hands-Free Ohio: SB 285 Seeks to Expand Distracted Driving Laws
The spike in traffic fatalities and distracted driving recently led Governor DeWine to voice his support of Senate Bill 285, which aims to strengthen Ohio's distracted driving laws. While Ohio currently only bans texting while driving, SB 285 would ban all hand-held device use and expand the definition of "electronic devices" to include any device that displays video, exchanges data, or is used to communicate. This distinction is important, as drivers often use their electronic devices for far more than texting. However, as it currently stands, Ohio law cannot penalize drivers who use their phones to shop, scroll through social media, take videos, or play games. SB 285 would change that, making it unlawful to use an electronic device for any reason while operating a vehicle.
SB 285 would also make cellphone use a primary offense; in other words, it would allow police officers to make traffic stops for cellphone use. Currently, officers cannot stop motorists for cellphone use alone—the driver must commit another traffic offense before an office may penalize a phone use violation. Proponents of the bill argue that law enforcement should be permitted to stop distracted drivers before they cause harm, rather than having to wait until the offender runs a red light or rear-ends another motorist.
Penalties for Electronic Device Use Under SB 285
Finally, the bill would increase penalties for electronic device use while driving, subjecting violators to a $150 fine and a 60-day license suspension for the first violation and imposing a $300 fine and a one-year suspension for a subsequent violation.
States that have passed similar legislation have seen a significant decrease in traffic fatalities. While the bill is still awaiting Senate approval, many believe it is likely to pass. In the meantime, Ohioans can protect themselves and others by abiding by speed limits, avoiding distractions, and practicing defensive driving.
Tittle & Perlmuter Wishes You a Safe & Happy Holiday Season
This holiday season, we must work together to protect ourselves, our families, and our neighbors. Abide by the speed limits, and remember—mask up in public, phones down in cars!
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Chicago-Midwest
On Steve Biko
Posted by Toivo Asheeke on March 23, 2011 at 11:14am
As was discussed in earlier engagements with Pan Africanism, Pan Africanism's purpose is the formation of a United States of Africa and for greater co-operation between the different peoples of the African Diaspora to be achieved. It is a dynamic political philosophy in the words of George Padmore designed to achieve social justice and human equality. In order to gain a deeper understanding of Pan Africanism, it is important to engage with its many sub-categories that have developed throughout the years. Today we shall engage with one of its more, in my opinion, least talked about branches, namely, Black Consciousness.
Black Consciousness was developed in the midst of Apartheid South African rule by Steve Biko, the black South African freedom fighter in the mid 70s. Due to his outspoken criticisms of the Apartheid government and revolutionary rhetoric, he was firstly silenced and then later murdered by the white South African government for his beliefs. Biko believed that the way to free black South Africans from the chains of injustice and oppression was to learn about how being black was to be strong, beautiful and smart. He realized, as I have quoted many times before, that "the greatest weapon of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed." So in order for a system such as Apartheid to work black people had to be trained to believe themselves to be inferior to whites. They had to believe that the civilizations we created, the wonders we built, and the triumphs we achieved either did not exist or were nothing in comparison to those of the whites. Thusly all we were good for was to be the servants, laborers, and slaves of the whites.
Black Consciousness is influenced by the rhetoric of black power and black empowerment written about by numerous authors, intellectuals and political leaders prior to Biko. Strands of this thought can be found as early as David Walker (1829), Nat Turner (1831), Booker T. Washington (1895), Marcus Garvey (1917), and Malcolm X (1964) to name a few. It was a philosophy that stated that being black was something to be proud of and the accomplishments we as blacks have made can not be forgotten. Biko believed that blacks had become dependent on whites to solve their problems and needed to learn to take matters into their own hands in order to find solutions to problems that affected them.
Biko believed for example that instead of begging for the white South African government to build them schools or allow them to attend their better schools, black South Africans should build their own institutes of learning and teach their children what they believed needed to be taught. He believed in one South African with blacks and whites living side by side but not in a South African where blacks were dependent on whites for their survival or social advancement. Biko's Black Consciousness preached that the power to make social change was imbedded in the will of the people and that the oppression of the white South African's hurt them as much as it hurt the blacks and thusly was an unsustainable system of oppression. Biko organized, with some help from local Churches and funding from poor black South Africans in his area, the building of a school and printing press to help service the community. Why wait for the whites to do this for the blacks when all black people needed to do was organize themselves and build it themselves? Black Consciousness also preached that education was the key to freedom and that it was in the best interests of the Apartheid government to keep the blacks in a state of illiteracy and backwardness in order to continue their racialist political practices.
After this brief overview of Black Consciousnesses it becomes clear the link it shares with Pan Africanism and its philosophy. Black people worldwide were finding inspiration from each other in their struggle against white oppression. Booker T. Washington preached a similar rhetoric at his influential peek. He believed that blacks needed to learn how to take care of themselves and start economically developing their own communities instead of lobbying whites to apologize for slavery and their economic disenfranchisement and begin creating their own forms of capital. By doing this blacks could uplift themselves from their financial destitution and equality would follow. W.E.B. Du Bois, the Founding Father of Pan Africanism and Steve Biko shared in a belief that a multi-racial and multi-cultural society could be created in their respective countries. Biko never advocated that whites should be kicked out of South Africa and/or killed upon blacks gaining power and Du Bois never supported blacks leaving the United States because whites would never treat them equally (although he himself did leave to become a citizen of Ghana in the twilight of his years). This all goes to show us that Pan Africanism is a creative and inclusive philosophy that preaches justice, equality, and appreciation of difference. It also shows us that no matter what people think, there is an imbedded similarity and unity of thought and action amongst the various peoples of the African Diaspora worldwide. It further strengthens my conviction that it is through Pan Africanism as a political philosophy that we can resist oppression and gain equality for ourselves and others and it is to that goal that all races, cultures, religions and sexes must work towards.
Tags: africa, apartheid, biko, black, consciousness, power, south, steve | {
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Sport Rehabilitation (Pre-Registration)
St Mary's University, Twickenham, London · St Mary's University, Twickenham, London
Students will normally be expected to have achieved a 2:1 or a good 2:2 (or equivalent) in a related discipline, including: sport and exercise science, sports coaching, strength and conditioning, sport science, sports therapy, physical education and physiotherapy.
In addition, applications will also be considered for selected elements of the programme leading to an MSc/PGDip/PGCert in Sport Rehabilitation from students with a first degree in biology, physiology or occupational therapy.
Where necessary, we can also assist students in gaining a Data and Barring Service (DBS) check, and reduced price First Aid certificate, both of which are prerequisites for clinical placement.
By studying this degree you will gain the skills and knowledge to work as an independent practitioner, assessing injuries, and aiding recovery through manual therapies and exercise prescription. The programme is endorsed by the British Association of Sport Rehabilitators and Trainers (BASRaT) and is one of the few MSc courses whose graduates are accredited for entry to the BASRaT register.
Our graduates work in a wide range of environments including sports clubs/teams, sports injury clinics, the ministry of defence and the performing arts.
St Mary's was one of the first universities in the country to offer a Sport Rehabilitation degree. Our academics have a vast amount of experience working with athletes at all levels of competition. Many are engaged in leading-edge research, and all are passionate about teaching.
You will have access to teaching facilities designed with Sport Rehabilitation in mind, including our state-of-the art Performance Education Centre where you can learn and practice exercise-based assessments and interventions.
Our biomechanics laboratory is particularly valuable to MSc Sport Rehabilitation students undertaking dissertation testing. In addition, we operate a Sport Rehabilitation Student Placement Clinic and rehabilitation gym, where many will undertake part of their clinical placements. All this is in addition to the fantastic sports facilities at St Mary's.
International students should check our country-specific pages for equivalents. English language requirements also apply.
Please check our website
For information about fees - along with information about financing your studies - please check the Fees & Funding section of our website.
Paul Draper
[email protected]
Similar courses from St Mary's University, Twickenham, London
Applied Sport Psychology
Applied Sport and Exercise Physiology
Physiotherapy (Pre-Registration) | {
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I had plans for murdered MP – Akufo-Addo reveals
Story By Sefanam Agbobli / [email protected] On Oct 12, 2020
Akufo-Addo (L), Murdered MP (R)
President Nana Akufo-Addo has mourned the passing of the MP for Mfantseman, Ekow Hayford, revealing he had penciled him for an appointment in his next government.
Nana Akufo-Addo said "he was part of the young people I wanted to appoint in my next government. But unfortunately, this happened," the President told his family during a visit Monday.
Ekow Quansah Hayford was killed on the dawn of October 9, 2020, by a group of armed men suspected to robbers while heading home from an evening campaign at Abeaze Dominase.
The armed robbers ordered them out after seizing their belongings, including mobile phones and monies, before shooting him.
His driver has been hospitalised while other party executives who were in the four-wheel drive escaped unhurt.
The President noted that he had tasked the IGP, James Oppong Boanuh, to ensure those responsible for the gruesome murder of his party's MP are brought to book.
"I've spoken to the IGP about this, and I've told him that if I don't see any action from him, then what will happen will happen."
The MP had only filed his nomination for the 2020 parliamentary elections Wednesday and moved into his constituency to campaign.
The late Ekow Quansah Hayford is survived by a wife and two children.
Speaking at the deceased's family house, President Akufo-Addo pledged his support for the immediate family he left behind.
His politics
Ekow Quansah is a first-term MP who was seeking re-election in 2020. In 2016 he snatched the seat from the NDC represented by James Esseon.
But that race was tight. He won by 726 votes to add to the NPP's impressive haul of seats in that election.
In the 2020 NPP parliamentary primaries, Ekow retained the confidence of his party, beating James Korsah Brown by a margin of 346 votes.
His professional life
Ekow Quansah was a police officer between 1993 and 1998. He left the service as a Corporal. Two years later, he was appointed a manager at Mantrac.
He would later become CEO of Modisa Lodge from 2012 to 2016 before contesting the Mfansteman seat.
Parliamentary life
In parliament, he was a member of the Defence and Interior Committee and Judiciary Committee. In parliament, he is not known to be one who sits on the fence.
Asking questions, making statements, the MP tried to represent his constituency in the chamber. In July 2018 he asked the Minister for Energy what plans are in place to extend power supply to the following communities in Mfantseman Constituency: (i) Nameb (ii) Mankesim (iii) Taabosim (iv) Hini.
AppointmentEkow Quansah HayfordElection 2020FamilyMfantseman MPMurdered MPPresident Akufo Addo
Four months is enough time to put your house in order – Lawyers slam… | {
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Justia Patents ResistiveUS Patent for Soft forming reversible resistivity-switching element for bipolar switching Patent (Patent # 8,289,749)
Soft forming reversible resistivity-switching element for bipolar switching
Dec 18, 2009 - SanDisk 3D LLC
A method and system for forming reversible resistivity-switching elements is described herein. Forming refers to reducing the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element, and is generally understood to refer to reducing the resistance for the first time. Prior to forming the reversible resistivity-switching element it may be in a high-resistance state. A first voltage is applied to "partially form" the reversible resistivity-switching element. The first voltage has a first polarity. Partially forming the reversible resistivity-switching element lowers the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element. A second voltage that has the opposite polarity as the first is then applied to the reversible resistivity-switching element. Application of the second voltage may further lower the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element. Therefore, the second voltage could be considered as completing the forming of the reversible resistivity-switching element.
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This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/249,946, entitled "Soft Forming Reversible Resistivity-Switching Element for Bipolar Switching," by Xiying Chen et al., filed on Oct. 8, 2009, incorporated herein by reference.
This application relates to technology for data storage.
A variety of materials show reversible resistivity-switching behavior, and as such may be suitable as use for memory elements. One type of material having reversible resistivity-switching behavior is referred to as resistance change memory (ReRAM). Transition metal oxides have been proposed for ReRAM. Upon application of sufficient voltage, current, or other stimulus, the reversible resistivity-switching material switches to a stable low-resistance state, which is sometimes referred to as SETTING the device. This resistivity-switching is reversible such that subsequent application of an appropriate voltage, current, or other stimulus can serve to return the reversible resistivity-switching material to a stable high-resistance state, which is sometimes referred to as RESETTING the device. This conversion can be repeated many times. The low resistance state is sometimes referred to as an "on" state. The high resistance state is sometimes referred to as an "off" state. For some switching materials, the initial state is low-resistance rather than high-resistance.
These switching materials are of interest for use in nonvolatile memory arrays. One type of memory array is referred to as a cross-point array, which is a matrix of memory elements typically arranged along x-axes (e.g., word lines) and along y-axes (e.g., bit lines). A digital value may be stored as a memory resistance (high or low). The memory state of a memory cell can be read by supplying appropriate voltages to the bit line and word line connected to the selected memory element. The resistance or memory state can be read as an output voltage of the bit line connected to the selected memory cell. One resistance state may correspond to a data "0," for example, while the other resistance state corresponds to a data "1." Some switching materials may have more than two stable resistance states.
Non-volatile memories formed from reversible resistivity-switching elements are known. For example, U.S. Patent Application Publication 2006/0250836, filed May 9, 2005 and titled "REWRITEABLE MEMORY CELL COMPRISING A DIODE AND A RESISTIVITY-SWITCHING MATERIAL," which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety, describes a rewriteable non-volatile memory cell that includes a diode coupled in series with a reversible resistivity-switching material such as a metal oxide or metal nitride. The diode serves as a "steering element" to control which memory cells are programmed (e.g., SET or RESET) and read.
Two proposed modes of switching the memory cells between SET and RESET are unipolar and bipolar switching. In bipolar switching, the low resistance state is established by applying a voltage having one polarity and the high resistance state is established by applying a voltage having the opposite polarity. In unipolar switching, switching between the low resistance state and high resistance state is accomplished by applying voltages of the same polarity, although perhaps different magnitudes. For example, unipolar switching may depend on the amplitude of the applied voltage, but not the polarity. Note that with bipolar switching both the polarity and amplitude of the voltage may be different.
One theory that is used to explain the switching mechanism is that one or more conductive filaments are formed by the application of a voltage to the memory cell. The conductive filaments lower the resistance of the memory cell. Application of another voltage may rupture the conductive filaments, thereby increasing the resistance of the memory cell. Application of another still another voltage may repair the rupture in the conductive filaments, thereby decreasing the resistance of the memory cell once again.
The reversible resistivity-switching element may be in the high resistance state when it is first manufactured. The term "forming" is sometimes used to describe putting the reversible resistivity-switching element into a lower resistance state for the first time. Thus, the initial formation of the conductive filaments is sometimes referred to as "forming." The rupture of the filaments is sometimes referred to as RESETTING. The repair of the rupture of the filaments is sometimes referred to as SETTING. The formation of conductive filaments may be associated with either unipolar or bipolar switching. However, one theory explains unipolar switching as resulting from conductive filaments.
Another theory to explain switching behavior is that application of voltages alters the contact resistance at an interface between the reversible resistivity-switching element and an electrode. For example, application of a voltage of one polarity may decrease the contact resistance, whereas application of a voltage of the opposite polarity may increase the contact resistance. One theory to explain the change in contact resistance is electrochemical migration of oxygen vacancies to the interface. Another theory to explain the change in contact resistance is trapping of charge carriers at the interface (electrons or holes). It has been proposed that bipolar switching may occur, at least in part, due to changes in contact resistance.
As previously mentioned, the term "forming" is sometimes used to describe putting the reversible resistivity-switching element into a lower resistance state for the first time. Thus, the initial reduction of contact resistance may be referred to as "forming." Application of another signal which increases the contact resistance may be referred to as RESETTING. Application of still another signal which decreases the contact resistance again may be referred to as SETTING. Thus, note that both forming and SETTING refer to lowering the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element.
Note that switching behavior might be explained by other theories than those above. Thus, any of the reversible resistivity-switching elements described herein are not limited to the theories for switching behavior described herein. Also note that forming is generally used to describe the first time that the resistance is altered to a lower resistance state. However, forming is not necessarily limited to such an interpretation.
FIG. 1A is a simplified perspective view of one embodiment of a memory cell with a steering element.
FIG. 1B is a simplified perspective view of a portion of a first memory level formed from a plurality of the memory cells of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1C is a simplified perspective view of a portion of a three dimensional memory array.
FIG. 1D is a simplified perspective view of a portion of a three dimensional memory array.
FIG. 1E depicts one embodiment of a portion of a memory array that uses FETs as steering elements.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a memory system.
FIG. 3 depicts a circuit that can read the state of a memory cell.
FIG. 4 depicts one embodiment of a process of forming, setting, and resetting a memory element.
FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, FIG. 5C, and FIG. 5D depict array biasing schemes.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process of soft forming a memory element.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process of SETTING a memory element.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process of RESETTING a memory element.
FIG. 9 depicts signals that are applied to a selected word line and a selected bit line when soft forming a memory element having a diode as a steering element.
FIG. 10A depict signals that are applied to word lines and bit lines when SETTING a memory element.
FIGS. 10B and 10C depicts signals that are applied to word lines and bit lines when sensing a memory element having a diode as a steering element.
FIG. 10D depicts waveforms that are applied to bit lines and word lines during a RESET process.
FIG. 11A depicts signals that are applied to a selected word line, selected bit line and selected gate line when soft forming a memory element having an FET as a steering element.
FIG. 11B depicts signals that are applied to a selected word line, selected bit line and selected gate line when SETTING a memory element having an FET as a steering element.
FIG. 11C depicts signals that are applied to word lines and bit lines when sensing a memory element having an FET as a steering element.
A method and system for forming reversible resistivity-switching elements is described herein. Forming refers to reducing the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element, and is generally understood to refer to reducing the resistance for the first time. However, forming is not necessarily limited to the first time that the resistance is reduced.
One embodiment is a method for forming a reversible resistivity-switching element. In general, the method includes lowering the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element partway to a target resistance by applying a voltage having one polarity and then applying a voltage having the opposite polarity to further lower the resistance to the target resistance. Prior to forming the reversible resistivity-switching element it may be in a high-resistance state. Applying a first voltage "partially forms" the reversible resistivity-switching element. Partially forming the reversible resistivity-switching element means to lower the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element at least part way to a target resistance. However, the resistance is not necessarily lowered all the way to the target resistance. Applying a second voltage having the opposite polarity of the first voltage further lowers the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element to the target resistance. Therefore, the second voltage could be considered as completing the forming of the reversible resistivity-switching element.
At some later point, it may be desired to increase the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element (e.g., RESET). This may be in response to a request to store new data in the element. To RESET the reversible resistivity-switching element a third voltage which increases the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element is applied. The third voltage has the same polarity as the first voltage that was used to partially form the element.
In some embodiments, the first voltage forward biases a diode that is used as a steering element for the reversible resistivity-switching element and the second voltage reverse biases the steering diode. The process of partially lowering the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element by the application of the first voltage and then completing the formation with a voltage of the opposite polarity may reduce the chance of damage to the steering diode that might otherwise occur. For example, if the first voltage was not used to partially form the reversible resistivity-switching element, then the magnitude of the second voltage of the opposite polarity may need to be greater to complete the forming (e.g., the reach the target resistance) of the reversible resistivity-switching element. However, the diode could be damaged if too large of a voltage is applied to the diode. Also note that some diodes may be more susceptible to damage when under reverse bias. Therefore, for the cases in which the second voltage reverse biases the diode, the diode may be especially susceptible to damage.
Techniques disclosed herein for forming the memory element may achieve a significant window between the low resistance or "on" state and the high resistance state or "off" state. Having a large window between the low resistance and high resistance states may be desirable for reasons such as improvements in accuracy of determining the state in which the memory cell is in. Techniques disclosed herein are compatible with existing semiconductor fabrication process flows and may simplify such flows. For example, because the forming voltage that is used to reduce the resistance of the memory element is not required to be a high voltage, circuitry that is used to generate high voltages may not be needed. As an example, triple-well technology to develop high voltage CMOS in an isolated P-Well (IPW) may not be needed. Also, techniques disclosed herein may allow for less stringent requirements on the steering element diode. Further, techniques disclosed herein may improve power consumption due to the reduction of the reset current.
Memory Cell and System
Prior to discussing details of forming a memory cell, an example memory cell and system will be discussed. FIG. 1A is a simplified perspective view of one embodiment of a memory cell 200 which includes a reversible resistivity-switching element 202 coupled in series with a steering element 204 between a first conductor 206 and a second conductor 208. In some embodiments, the steering element 204 is a diode. In one embodiment, the diode steering element 204 is a p-i-n diode. In one embodiment, a p-i-n diode includes a p-doped region, an intrinsic region, and an n-doped region. In one embodiment, the diode steering element 204 is a punch-thru diode. A punch-thru diode used as a steering element may be may be a N+/P−/N+ device or a P+/N−/P+ device. In one embodiment, the diode steering element 204 is a Schottky diode. In one embodiment, the diode steering element 204 is a back-to-back Schottky diode. In some embodiments, diode 204 may be formed from a polycrystalline semiconductor material such as polysilicon, germanium, or another semiconductor. Also, the diode steering element 204 may comprise more than one type of semiconductor. For example, diode 204 may be formed from a polycrystalline silicon-germanium alloy, polygermanium or any other suitable combination of semiconductors. In some embodiments, each region 242, 244, 246 of the diode steering element 204 is formed from the same material (but doped differently). However, it is not required that each region be formed from the same material. For example, a heterostructure may be possible.
However, the steering element 204 is not limited to being a diode. In one embodiment, the steering element 204 is a transistor. For example, a Field Effect Transistor (FET) can be used for the steering element 204. FIG. 1E, which will be discussed later, depicts a schematic of a part of a memory array in which the steering element 204 is an FET.
The memory cell 200 has a memory element 202 that includes a reversible resistivity-switching material 230, an upper electrode 232, and a lower electrode 234. Electrode 232 is positioned between reversible resistivity-switching material 230 and conductor 208. In one embodiment, electrode 232 is made of TiN. Electrode 234 is positioned between reversible resistivity-switching material 230 and steering element 204. In one embodiment, electrode 234 is made of Titanium Nitride, and may serve as a barrier layer.
The memory cell 200 has an electrode 213 at the bottom of the memory cell 200 to facilitate electrical contact between the steering element 204 and other circuit elements. In one embodiment, electrode 213 is formed from TiN. Note that the relative positions of the steering element 204 and the memory element 202 could be reversed. For example, the steering element 204 could be above the memory element 202.
Reversible resistivity-switching element 202 includes reversible resistivity-switching material 230 having a resistance that may be reversibly switched between two or more states. For example, the reversible resistivity-switching material may be in an initial high-resistance state upon fabrication that is switchable to a low-resistance state upon application of a first physical signal. For example, the reversible resistivity-switching element 202 may switch states in response to application of a first amount of energy, charge, heat, voltage, current or other phenomena. Application of a second amount of energy, charge, heat, voltage, current or other phenomena may return the reversible resistivity-switching material to the high-resistance state. Alternatively, the reversible resistivity-switching element may be in an initial low-resistance state upon fabrication that is reversibly switchable to a high-resistance state upon application of the appropriate energy, charge, heat, voltage, current or other phenomena. When used in a memory cell, one resistance state may represent a binary "0" while another resistance state may represent a binary "1." However, more than two data/resistance states may be used. Numerous reversible resistivity-switching materials and operation of memory cells employing reversible resistivity-switching materials are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication 2006/0250836, previously incorporated.
In some embodiments, reversible resistivity-switching material 230 may be formed from a metal oxide. Various different metal oxides can be used. The metal-oxide may a transition metal-oxide. Examples of metal-oxides include, but are not limited to, NiO, Nb2O5, TiO2, HfO2, Al2O3, MgOx, CrO2, VO, BN, and AlN. In one embodiment, the memory element electrodes 232, 234 are formed from TiN. More information about fabricating a memory cell using reversible resistivity-switching material can be found in United States Patent Application Publication 2009/0001343, filed on Jun. 29, 2007, entitled "Memory Cell that Employs a Selectively Deposited Reversible Resistance Switching Element and Methods of Forming the Same," which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Conductors 206 and 208 may include any suitable conductive material such as tungsten, any appropriate metal, heavily-doped semiconductor material, a conductive silicide, a conductive silicide-germanide, a conductive germanide, or the like. In the embodiment of FIG. 1A, conductors 206 and 208 are rail-shaped and extend in different directions (e.g., substantially perpendicular to one another). Other conductor shapes and/or configurations may be used. In some embodiments, barrier layers, adhesion layers, antireflection coatings and/or the like (not shown) may be used with conductors 206 and 208 to improve device performance and/or aid in device fabrication.
While the reversible resistivity-switching element 202 is shown as being positioned above the steering element 204 in FIG. 1A, it will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the reversible resistivity-switching element 202 may be positioned below the steering element 204.
FIG. 1B is a simplified perspective view of a portion of a first memory level 214 formed from a plurality of the memory cells 200 of FIG. 1A. For simplicity, the reversible resistivity-switching element 202 and the steering element 204 are not separately shown. The memory array 214 is a "cross-point" array including a plurality of first conductors 206 (e.g., bit lines) and a plurality of second conductors 208 (e.g., word lines) between which multiple memory cells are coupled (as shown). Other memory array configurations may be used, as may multiple levels of memory.
FIG. 1C is a simplified perspective view of a portion of a monolithic three dimensional array 216 that includes a first memory level 218 positioned below a second memory level 220. In the embodiment of FIG. 1C, each memory level 218 and 220 includes a plurality of memory cells 200 in a cross-point array. It will be understood that additional layers (e.g., an inter-level dielectric) may be present between the first and second memory levels 218 and 220, but are not shown in FIG. 1C for simplicity. Other memory array configurations may be used, as may additional levels of memory.
In some embodiments, the memory levels may be formed as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,952,030, "High-Density Three-Dimensional Memory Cell," which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. For instance, the upper conductors of a first memory level may be used as the lower conductors of a second memory level that is positioned above the first memory level as shown in FIG. 1D.
A monolithic three dimensional memory array is one in which multiple memory levels are formed above a single substrate, such as a wafer, with no intervening substrates. The layers forming one memory level are deposited or grown directly over the layers of an existing level or levels. In contrast, stacked memories have been constructed by forming memory levels on separate substrates and adhering the memory levels atop each other, as in Leedy, U.S. Pat. No. 5,915,167, "Three Dimensional Structure Memory." The substrates may be thinned or removed from the memory levels before bonding, but as the memory levels are initially formed over separate substrates, such memories are not true monolithic three dimensional memory arrays.
FIGS. 1A-1D show memory cells in a cylindrical shape and conductors in the shapes of rails according to the disclosed arrangements. However, the technology described herein is not limited to any one specific structure for a memory cell. Other structures can also be used to form memory cells that include reversible resistivity-switching material. For example, the following patents provide examples of structures of memory cells that can be adapted to use reversible resistivity-switching material: U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,952,043; 6,951,780; 6,034,882; 6,420,215; 6,525,953; and U.S. Pat. No. 7,081,377.
As previously mentioned, the steering element 204 is not required to be a diode. FIG. 1E depicts one embodiment of a schematic of a portion of a memory array that uses FETs as steering elements 204. Each memory element 200 includes a reversible resistivity-switching element 202 and a steering element 204, which as stated is an FET. Each memory cell 200 resides between a bit line and a word line. The selected memory cell 200 resides between a selected word line and a selected bit line. The FET of the selected memory cell 200 is connected to the selected gate line. The voltage that is applied to the selected gate line controls the current that is allowed to flow through the reversible resistivity-switching element 202. For example, the gate voltage may be selected to limit the current through the reversible resistivity-switching element 202 to a desired level.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram that depicts one example of a memory system 300 that can implement the technology described herein. Memory system 300 includes a memory array 302 that can be a two or three dimensional array of memory cells as described above. In one embodiment, memory array 302 is a monolithic three dimensional memory array. The array terminal lines of memory array 302 include the various layer(s) of word lines organized as rows, and the various layer(s) of bit lines organized as columns. However, other orientations can also be implemented.
Memory system 300 includes row control circuitry 320, whose outputs 308 are connected to respective word lines of the memory array 302. Row control circuitry 320 receives a group of M row address signals and one or more various control signals from System Control Logic circuit 330, and typically may include such circuits as row decoders 322, array terminal drivers 324, and block select circuitry 326 for both read and programming (e.g., SET and RESET) operations. Memory system 300 also includes column control circuitry 310 whose input/outputs 306 are connected to respective bit lines of the memory array 302. Column control circuitry 306 receives a group of N column address signals and one or more various control signals from System Control Logic 330, and typically may include such circuits as column decoders 312, array terminal receivers or drivers 314, block select circuitry 316, as well as read/write circuitry, and I/O multiplexers. In one embodiment column decoder 312 is a reversible polarity decoder circuit. In one embodiment row decoder 322 is a reversible polarity decoder circuit. In one embodiment, a reversible polarity decoder circuit has active low output in one mode and active high output in another mode. Further details of reversible polarity decoder circuits are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,542,370, filed on Dec. 31, 2006, which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety.
System control logic 330 receives data and commands from a host and provides output data to the host. In other embodiments, system control logic 330 receives data and commands from a separate controller circuit and provides output data to that controller circuit, with the controller circuit communicating with the host. System control logic 330 may include one or more state machines, registers and other control logic for controlling the operation of memory system 300.
Integrated circuits incorporating a memory array usually subdivide the array into a number of sub-arrays or blocks. Blocks can be further grouped together into bays that contain, for example, 16, 32, or a different number of blocks. Each block in a 3-D memory may have many layers of memory cells. For example, a block might include 8 layers. Each layer may include hundreds, or thousands of bit lines and word lines. For example, a layer might have about a thousand bit lines and about 8 thousand word lines. In some implementations, there is a bit line driver associated with each bit line. Note that a given driver could be shared between two or more bit lines. Also note that it is not required that a given bit line have only one driver associated therewith. In some implementations, some of the drivers are physically located on one end of the bit lines and other drivers on the other end of the bit lines.
As frequently used, a sub-array is a contiguous group of memory cells having contiguous word and bit lines generally unbroken by decoders, drivers, sense amplifiers, and input/output circuits. This is done for any of a variety of reasons. For example, the signal delays traversing down word lines and bit lines which arise from the resistance and the capacitance of such lines (i.e., the RC delays) may be very significant in a large array. These RC delays may be reduced by subdividing a larger array into a group of smaller sub-arrays so that the length of each word line and/or each bit line is reduced. As another example, the power associated with accessing a group of memory cells may dictate an upper limit to the number of memory cells which may be accessed simultaneously during a given memory cycle. Consequently, a large memory array is frequently subdivided into smaller sub-arrays to decrease the number of memory cells which are simultaneously accessed. Nonetheless, for ease of description, an array may also be used synonymously with sub-array to refer to a contiguous group of memory cells having contiguous word and bit lines generally unbroken by decoders, drivers, sense amplifiers, and input/output circuits. An integrated circuit may include one or more than one memory array.
In one embodiment, all of the components depicted in FIG. 2 are arranged on a single integrated circuit. For example, system control logic 330, column control circuitry 310, and row control circuitry 320 are formed on the surface of a substrate and memory array 302 is a monolithic three dimensional memory array formed above the substrate (and, therefore, above system control logic 330, column control circuitry 310 and row control circuitry 320). In some cases, a portion of the control circuitry can be formed on the same layers as some of the memory array 302.
FIG. 3 depicts a circuit that illustrates one embodiment for reading the state of a memory cell. To determine which state the reversible resistance-switching element 202 is in, a voltage may be applied and the resulting current is measured. A higher measured current indicates that the reversible resistance-switching element 202 is in the low-resistivity state. A lower measured current indicates that the reversible resistance-switching element 202 is in the high-resistivity state. FIG. 3 shows a portion of a memory array including memory cells 450, 452, 454 and 456, which may be based on the embodiments of FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D. In this example, the steering element 204 is a diode. Two of the many bit lines and two of the many word lines are depicted. A read circuit for one of the bit lines is depicted to be connected to the bit line via transistor 458, which is controlled by a gate voltage supplied by column decoder 312 in order to select or unselect the corresponding bit line. Transistor 458 connects the bit line to a Data bus. Write circuit 460 (which is part of system control logic 330) is connected to the Data bus. Transistor 462 connects to the Data bus and operates as a clamp device that is controlled by clamp control circuit 464 (which is part of system control logic 330). Transistor 462 is also connected to comparator 466 and reference current supply IREF. The output of comparator 466 is connected to a data out terminal (to system control logic 330, a controller and/or a host) and to data latch 468. Write circuit 460 is also connected to data latch 468.
When attempting to read the state of the reversible resistivity-switching element, all word lines are first biased at Vread (e.g., approximately 2 volts) and all bit lines are at ground. The selected word line is then pulled to ground. For example purposes, this discussion will assume that memory cell 450 is selected for reading. One or more selected bit lines are pulled to Vread through the data bus (by turning on transistor 458) and the clamp device (transistor 462, which receives ˜2 volts+Vt). The clamp device's gate is above Vread but controlled to keep the bit line near Vread. Current is pulled by the selected memory cell through transistor 462 from the VSENSE node. The VSENSE node also receives a reference current IREF that is between a high-resistance state current and a low-resistance state current. The VSENSE node moves corresponding to the current difference between the cell current and the reference current IREF. Comparator 466 generates a data out signal by comparing the VSENSE voltage to a Vref-read voltage. If the memory cell current is larger than IREF, the memory cell is in the low-resistance state and the voltage at VSENSE will be lower than VREF. If the memory cell current is smaller than IREF, the memory cell is in the high-resistance state and the voltage at VSENSE will be higher than VREF. The data out signal from comparator 466 is latched in data latch 468. In some embodiments, the reference current is based on the address of the memory cell.
FIG. 4 depicts one embodiment of a process 500 of operation of a memory array of memory cells 200 having reversible resistivity-switching elements 202. In process 500, bipolar switching is used. The memory cells 200 also have steering elements 204. The steering element 204 could be, but is not limited to, a diode, a p-i-n diode, a punch-thru diode, a Schottky diode, a back-to-back Schottky diode, or an FET. Process 500 may be initiated when a memory cell 200 is initially to be changed from the high resistance state to the low resistance state. In step 502, a first voltage is applied to a memory element 202 in order to partially form the memory element 202. The term "partially form" is used because application of another voltage will be used to complete the formation by further lowering the resistance of the memory element 202 to a target resistance. Applying the first voltage may also be referred to as "soft forming." As shown in some of the examples, the memory element 202 may be in series with a diode 204 that is used as a steering element. In some embodiments, the first voltage forward biases the diode 204. In some embodiments, the current through the memory element 202 is limited when applying the first voltage. Limiting the current may help to reduce the chance of damaging the diode.
In step 504, a second voltage is applied to the memory element 202 to further reduce the memory cell resistance to the target resistance. Step 504 results in completing the forming of the memory cell. The second voltage has the opposite polarity of the first voltage. For example, if the first voltage forward biased the diode 204, the second voltage reverse biases the diode 204. Note that it is not an absolute requirement that the first voltage forward biases the diode 204 and the second voltage reverse biases the diode 204. In some embodiments, the current through the memory element 202 is limited when applying the second voltage.
After step 504, the initial forming the memory cell 200 is complete. Note that because the resistance of the memory cell is low at this time, the memory cell may be considered to be SET at this time. A substantial time may pass before step 506 is performed, as indicated by the dashed arrow. In step 506, a determination is made that the memory cell should be RESET. This determination may be made in response to a request to store new data in the memory cell 200.
In step 508, a third voltage is applied to the memory element 202 in order to RESET the memory element 202. The third voltage has the same polarity as the first voltage used to partially form the memory element 202. In some embodiments, the third voltage forward biases the diode 204. In some embodiments, the current through the memory element 202 is limited when applying the third voltage. Note that RESETTING the memory element 202 may result in increasing the resistance of the memory element 202 as compared to the resistance after forming the memory element 202.
After step 508, a substantial time may pass before step 510 is performed, as indicated by the dashed arrow. In step 510, a determination is made that the memory cell should be SET. This determination may be made in response to a request to store new data in the memory cell 200. In step 512, the memory cell is SET by applying a voltage to the memory element 202 having the same polarity as the second voltage. Thus, the voltage used to SET the memory cell is the same polarity as the voltage used to complete the forming of the memory element 202 in step 504. In some embodiments, the voltage reverse biases the diode 204. Note that SETTING the memory element 202 may result in decreasing the resistance of the memory element 202 as compared to the resistance after RESETTING the memory element 202. The process 500 then continues to RESET and SET the memory cell 200 based on determinations that the state of the memory cell 200 should be changed. Note that RESET and SET are accomplished in process 500 with voltages having opposite polarity from each other. Therefore, process 500 uses bipolar switching of memory cells 200.
FIG. 5A depicts one embodiment of an array biasing scheme for partially forming a memory cell 200 that has reversible resistivity switching element 202 and a diode 204 as a steering element. The example array biasing scheme may be used when implementing step 502 from process 500 in FIG. 4. In this example, the diode 204 of the selected memory cell 200 ("S") is forward biased. In this biasing scheme, Vsoft_form is applied to the selected bit line (BL) while the selected word line (WL) is grounded. As an example, Vsoft_form may be in the range from about 4.0V to about 6.0V. However, Vsoft_form could be higher or lower. Unselected word lines each have Vux applied thereto. In one embodiment, Vux is about Vsoft_form−0.7V. This results in about 0.7 V across unselected memory cells 200 that are along the selected bit line. Unselected bit lines each have Vub applied thereto. In one embodiment, Vub is about 0.7V. This results in about 0.7 V across unselected memory cells 200 that are along the selected word line. The diodes 202 of memory cells 200 along both an unselected word line and an unselected bit line may be reverse biased. In one embodiment, such memory cells 200 have about −(Vsoft_form−1.4 V) across them (from bit line to word line). Note that the voltages are presented as examples and that other voltages could be used.
FIG. 5B depicts one embodiment of an array biasing scheme for SETTING a memory cell 200 that has reversible resistivity switching element 202 and a diode 204 as a steering element. The example array biasing scheme may be used to implement step 504 from process 500 in FIG. 4. The example array biasing scheme may also be used to implement step 512 from process 500 in FIG. 4. In this example, the diode 204 of the selected memory cell 200 is reverse biased. In this biasing scheme, Vset is applied to the selected word line (WL) while the selected bit line (BL) is grounded. As an example, Vset may be in the range from about 8.0V to about 9.0V. However, Vset could be higher or lower. However, note that by first performing the soft forming, the magnitude of Vset may be lower than if the soft forming were not performed. Using a lower magnitude of Vset may lower the chances that the diode 204 will be damaged. Unselected word lines each have Vux applied thereto. In one embodiment, Vux is about Vset/2. Unselected bit lines each have Vub applied thereto. In one embodiment, Vub is about Vset/2. Note that the magnitude of Vset could be different when completing the forming of the memory cell (e.g., step 504, FIG. 4), than when SETTING the memory cell (e.g., step 512, FIG. 4).
FIG. 5C depicts one embodiment of an array biasing scheme for RESETTING a memory cell 200 that has reversible resistivity switching element 202 and a diode 204 as a steering element. The example array biasing scheme may be used to implement step 506 from process 500 in FIG. 4. In this example, the diode 204 of the selected memory cell 200 ("S") is forward biased. In this biasing scheme, Vreset is applied to the selected bit line (BL) while the selected word line (WL) is grounded. As an example Vreset may be in the range from about 3.0V to about 5.0V. However, Vreset could be higher or lower. Unselected word lines each have Vux applied thereto. In one embodiment, Vux is about Vreset−0.7V. This results in about 0.7V across unselected memory cells 200 that are along the selected bit line. Unselected bit lines each have Vub applied thereto. In one embodiment, Vub is about 0.7V. This results in about 0.7V across unselected memory cells 200 that are along the selected word line. The diodes 202 of memory cells 200 along both an unselected word line and an unselected bit line may be reverse biased. In one embodiment, such memory cells 200 have about −(Vreset−1.4 V) across them (from bit line to word line). Note that the voltages are presented as examples and that other voltages could be used.
FIG. 5D depicts one embodiment of an array biasing scheme for reading a memory cell 200 that has reversible resistivity switching element 202 and a diode 204 as a steering element. In this example, the diode 204 of the selected memory cell 200 ("S") is forward biased when reading; however, forward biasing is not an absolute requirement. In this biasing scheme, Vread is applied to the selected bit line (BL) while the selected word line (WL) is grounded. As an example Vread may be about 2.0V. However, Vread could be higher or lower. Unselected word lines each have Vread applied thereto in this example. This results in about 0V across unselected memory cells 200 that are along the selected bit line. Unselected bit lines are grounded in this example. This results in about 0V across unselected memory cells 200 that are along the selected word line. The diodes 202 of memory cells 200 along both an unselected word line and an unselected bit line may be reverse biased. In one embodiment, such memory cells 200 have about −(Vread) across them (from bit line to word line).
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process 600 of partially forming a memory element 202. Process 600 is one implementation of step 502 of process 500 of FIG. 4. In step 601 a loop count is initialized to zero. The loop count is used to limit the number of times that partial forming is attempted. The maximum number of attempts may be established at any value including a single attempt.
In step 602, the memory cell 200 is read with a forward voltage to determine a forward voltage current (IFV) of the memory element 200. In embodiments in which the steering element is a diode, the diode 204 is forward biased. The example biasing scheme for reading memory cells of FIG. 5D may be used. For example, Vread is applied to the selected bit line while the selected word line is grounded. Vread may also be applied to unselected wordlines while unselected bit lines are grounded. An example of Vread is 2.0V. The circuit of FIG. 3 may be used to sense the forward bias current (IFV).
In step 606, the forward voltage current (IFV) is compared to a "soft form current." The soft form current is a value that indicates whether the resistance of the memory cell 200 is at a target resistance for a partially formed memory cell 200. The soft form current is typically a value that is less than the "on current," which may be referred to as "Ion." As previously discussed, SETTING the memory element 202 lowers its resistance, and hence increases the current for a given read voltage. The current Ion may be defined as a current that indicates that the resistance of the memory cell 200 is at a target value for being SET. Note that in some embodiments, the target resistance for SET is the same as the target resistance for a memory cell 200 that is completely formed, but that is not a requirement. Because the target resistance after partially forming the memory cell is higher than the target resistance for SET, Iform is typically lower than Ion.
If the forward current (IFV) is already greater than Iform, then it is not necessary to perform partial forming and the process goes to step 504 of FIG. 4. In other words, the resistance of the memory cell 200 is already at the target resistance for partial forming; therefore, it is not necessary to apply the voltage to partially form the memory cell. However, if the forward current (IFV) is less than Iform, then the process continues at step 607. In step 607, bias voltages are applied to bit lines and word lines. For example, Vux may be applied to word lines and Vub may be applied to bit lines
In step 608, a "soft forming voltage" is applied to the memory element 202. For example, Vsoft_form may be applied to the selected bit line while the selected word line is grounded. An example range of the soft forming voltage is between about 4.5V to 7V. However, the soft forming voltage may be higher or lower. During soft forming, the current that is supplied to the memory element 202 may be limited to a current Icomp_form. In one embodiment, the biasing scheme depicted in FIG. 5A is used for steps 607-608. Additional details of timing of applying the bias voltages and soft forming voltage are discussed below in connection with FIG. 9.
In step 610, the forward current (IFV) is sensed again. In step 612, the forward current (IFV) is compared to the soft form current, Iform. If the forward current (IFV) is larger than the soft form current, Iform, then the soft forming was successful and the process continues at step 622. In other words, the resistance of the memory cell 200 has been reduced to at or below a target resistance for partial forming.
If it is determined in step 612 that the forward current (IFV) is smaller than the soft form current, Iform, then another attempt at soft forming may be attempted. At step 614, the loop count is incremented. If the loop count has not reached the maximum value (step 618), then the process goes to step 607 to apply the bias voltages to unselected bit lines and unselected word lines. Vform is applied to the memory cell again at step 608. Note that the value for Vform may be different than the previous application. For example, Vform could be increased or decreased.
If the loop count has reached the maximum at step 618, soft forming is aborted. The process goes to step 620 where the memory cell 200 is flagged such that it is not used. The process 600 then ends.
Assuming that step 612 determines that the forward current (IFV) is greater than Iform, the process continues at step 622. In step 622, the reverse current (IRV) is sensed. In step 622, the memory cell 200 is read with a reverse voltage to determine a reverse current (IRV) of the memory element 200. In embodiments in which the steering element is a diode, the diode 204 is reverse biased. For example, Vread is applied to the selected word line while the selected bit line is grounded. In one embodiment, Vread is applied to unselected word lines while the unselected bit lines are grounded. The circuit of FIG. 3 may be used to sense the reverse current (IRV).
In step 624, the reverse current (IRV) is compared to a maximum allowed reverse current, IRV_max. If the reverse current (IRV) is less than the maximum allowed reverse current IRV_max, then the soft forming is recorded as successful at step 626. The process 600 then ends. Note that steps 622 and 624 are optional. In some embodiments diode damage is limited or absent and is detected by other test steps or not at all.
On the other hand, if the reverse current (IRV) is larger than the maximum allowed reverse current, IRV_max, this may indicate that the diode 204 is damaged. The process goes to step 620 where the memory cell 200 is flagged such that it is not used. The process 600 then ends.
Note that the soft forming process may increase the forward current of the memory cell 200 substantially. For example, the forward current might be about 3 pico-amperes (pA) prior to soft forming (e.g., at step 602). However, after soft forming (e.g., after step 612 completes successfully) the forward current might be about 600 pA. Thus, the forward current may be increased by a factor of over 100. Note that the reverse current of the memory cell 200 may also increase as a result of soft forming. For example, the reverse current might be about 1 pA prior to soft forming and about 6 pA after soft forming.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process 700 of completing the forming of a memory element 202. Process 700 is one implementation of step 504 of process 500 of FIG. 4. Thus process 700 may be performed after successful completion of soft or partial forming as depicted in FIG. 6. Note that process 700 may also be used to SET a memory cell 200. Thus, process 700 may also be used to implement step 512 of process 500. Note that completing the forming of the memory cell may be thought of as SETTING the memory cell. Therefore, process 700 will be discussed by referring to SETTING the memory cell. It will be understood that this may refer to either step 504 or 512 of process 500.
In step 701, a loop count is initialized to zero. The loop count is used to limit the number of times that SET is attempted. The maximum number of SET attempts may be established at any value including a single attempt.
In step 707, bias voltages are applied to bit lines and word lines. For example, Vux may be applied to word lines and Vub may be applied to bit lines. In one embodiment, step 707 includes raising the voltage to the word lines from ground to Vux and raising the voltage to the bit lines from ground to Vub. Note that the selected word line and the selected bit line may be treated the same as the unelected word lines and bit lines in step 707. In embodiments in which the steering element is a p-i-n diode, Vux may be about 5V and Vub may be about 5V. In embodiments in which the steering element is a punch-thru diode, Vux may be about 3V and Vub may be about 5V.
In step 708, a "SET" of the memory element 202 is attempted. In one embodiment, a SET voltage is applied to the memory element 202. In one embodiment, the biasing scheme depicted in FIG. 5B is used during step 708. For example, Vset may be applied to the selected word line while the selected bit line is grounded. An example range of the SET voltage is between about −7V to −10V (when viewed from the selected bit line to the selected word line). However, the SET voltage may be higher or lower. Note that the SET voltage is the opposite polarity as the soft forming voltage. During SET, the current that is supplied to the memory element 202 may be limited to a current Icomp_set. Additional details of timing of applying the voltages for steps 707-708 voltage are discussed below in connection with FIG. 10A.
In step 710, the forward current (IFV) is sensed. In one embodiment, sensing IFV includes biasing the array as depicted in FIG. 5D. However, other biasing schemes could be used.
In step 712, the forward current (IFV) is compared to an on current, Ion. As previously discussed, SETTING the memory cell 200 lowers the resistance, and hence increases the current for a given read voltage. The on current (Ion) may be defined as a current that indicates that the resistance of the memory cell 200 is at a sufficiently low value. If the forward current (IFV) is larger than the Ion, then resistance of the memory element 202 is sufficiently low and the process continues at step 722. In one implementation, the circuit of FIG. 3 is used to compare IFV with Ion. In this example, Iref is established as Ion. Transistor 462 supplies current IFV from the selected bit line. The output of comparator 466 indicates whether IFV is greater than Ion. As an example, the forward current (IFV) might increase to about 10 nano-amperes (nA) or 100 nA. Thus, the forward current may increase substantially from the forward current after soft forming.
If the forward current (IFV) is smaller than Ion, then additional attempts may be made to SET the memory cell. In step 714, the loop count is incremented. If the loop count is not at the maximum allowed number of attempts (step 718), then the process returns to step 707 to apply bias conditions to the unselected bit lines and unselected word lines. In step 708, the value of Vset may be increased, decreased, or kept the same as before.
However, if the maximum number of attempts to SET has been reached, then the SETTING is aborted. The process goes to step 720 where the memory cell 200 is flagged such that it is not used. The process then ends.
Assuming that step 712 determines that IFV is greater than Ion, the process continues at step 722. In step 722, the reverse current (IRV) is sensed. As an example, the reverse current (IRV) might increase to about 6-11 pA as a result of SETTING the memory cell 200. In step 724, the reverse current (IRV) is compared to a maximum allowed reverse current, IRV_max. If the reverse current (IRV) is less than the maximum allowed reverse current IRV_max, then the soft forming is recorded as successfully at step 726. The process then ends. Note that steps 722 and 724 are optional. In some embodiments diode damage is limited or absent and is detected by other test steps or not at all.
On the other hand, if the reverse current (IRV) is larger than the maximum allowed reverse current, IRV_max, this may indicate that the diode 204 is damaged. The process goes to step 720 where the memory cell 200 is flagged such that it is not used. The process then ends.
In process 700, if the memory cell was not SET after applying Vset, the process attempts to SET the memory cell again. In another embodiment, if the memory cell was not SET after applying Vset, another attempt is made to soft form the memory cell. For example, rather than going to step 707 if the loop count does not exceed the maximum number of SET attempts, the process goes to step 607 of process 600 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process 800 of RESETTING a memory element 202. Process 800 is one implementation of step 508 of process 500 of FIG. 4. Thus, process 800 may be performed after a determination is made that a memory cell 200 should be RESET. In step 801, a loop count is initialized to zero. The loop count is used to limit the number of times that RESET is attempted. The maximum number of attempts may be established at any value including a single attempt.
In step 807, bias voltages are applied to unselected bit lines and unselected word lines. For example, Vux may be applied to word lines and Vub may be applied to bit lines.
In step 808, a "RESET" voltage is applied to the memory element 202. In one embodiment, a RESET voltage is applied to the selected bit line. In one embodiment, the biasing scheme depicted in FIG. 5C is used during the RESET step 808. For example, Vreset may be applied to the selected bit line while the selected word line is grounded. An example range of the RESET voltage is between about 2.0V to 3.5V. However, the RESET voltage may be higher or lower. Note that the RESET voltage may be the opposite polarity as the SET voltage. For example, the RESET voltage may have the opposite polarity of the voltage used in step 504 of FIG. 4 to complete the forming of the memory cell. Therefore, the RESET voltage may have the same polarity as the soft forming voltage used in step 502 of FIG. 4. During RESET, the current that is supplied to the memory element 202 may be limited to a current Icomp_reset. Additional details of timing of applying the bias voltages and RESET voltage of steps 807-808 are discussed below in connection with FIG. 10B.
In step 810, the forward current (IFV) is sensed. In step 812, the forward current (IFV) is compared to an off current (Ioff). As previously discussed, RESETTING the memory cell 200 increases the resistance, and hence decreases the current for a given read voltage. The off current (Ioff) may be defined as a current that indicates that the resistance of the memory cell 200 is at a sufficiently high value to be considered to be RESET. If the forward current (IFV) is less than the off current (Ioff), then resistance of the memory element 202 is sufficiently high and the process continues at step 822. As an example, RESETTING the memory cell 200 may reduce the forward current (IFV) to a value such as 40 nA.
If the forward current (IFV) is larger than Ioff, then additional attempts may be made to RESET the memory cell 200. In step 814, the loop count is incremented. If the loop count is not at the maximum allowed number of attempts (step 818), then the process returns to step 807 to apply bias conditions to the unselected bit lines and unselected word lines. In step 808, the value of Vreset may be increased, decreased, or kept the same as before.
However, if the maximum number of attempts to RESET has been reached, then the RESETTING is aborted. The process goes to step 820 where the memory cell 200 is flagged such that it is not used. The process then ends.
Assuming that it is determined in step 812 that the forward current (IFV) is less than Ioff, the process continues at step 822. In step 822, the reverse current (IRV) is sensed. As an example, the reverse current (IRV) might decrease to about 6 pA as a result of RESET. In step 824, the reverse current (IRV) is compared to a maximum allowed reverse current, IRV_max. If the reverse current IRV is less than the maximum allowed reverse current IRV_max, then the soft forming is recorded as successfully at step 826. The process then ends. Note that steps 822 and 824 are optional. In some embodiments diode damage is limited or absent and is detected by other test steps or not at all.
Note that in some embodiments, the difference between the forward current (IFV) after SET and RESET is a factor of more than 10. For example, the forward current (IFV) after SET may be about 500 nA, whereas the forward current after RESET may drop to about 40 nA. Note that the forward currents may depend on the amount of voltage that is used to read the memory cell. For example, reading with a higher voltage may increase the forward current (IFV). Also, it will be understood that the forward currents are presented for purposes of illustration.
Applying Bias Voltages to Bit Lines and Word Lines
The following describes additional details of applying bias voltages to bit lines and word lines for an embodiment in which the steering element 204 is a diode. FIG. 9 depicts example voltages applied to bias the word lines and bit lines during soft forming of the memory cell 200. The voltages may be applied during steps 607-608 of process 600 of FIG. 6. As depicted in FIG. 9, initially Vux may be applied to all word lines and Vub may be applied to all bit lines. The application of Vux to all word lines and Vub to all bit lines is one implementation of step 607 of FIG. 6. The voltages on the unselected word lines and unselected bit lines may remain relatively constant after they are initially established.
In contrast, the voltages on the selected word line and selected bit line is changed in order to apply Vform to the memory cell (step 608 of FIG. 6). In one embodiment, the bias to the selected word line changed from Vux to ground. After the voltage on the selected word line is at ground, the voltage on the selected bit line is raised from Vub to V_soft_form. The selected bit line is held at V_soft_form for a time period TPulse. An example range for Tpulse is between 0.1 microsecond and 10 microseconds. Then, the voltage on the selected bit line is dropped back to Vub (e.g., 0.5V). Finally, the voltage on the selected word line is raised back to Vux.
In embodiments in which the steering element is a p-i-n diode, Vux may be about 5.5V, Vub may be about 0.5V and V_soft_form may be about 6V. The diode may have a breakdown voltage of between about 5.5V and 6.5V, although the breakdown voltage could be higher or lower. In some embodiments in which the steering element 204 is a punch-thru diode, Vux may be about 5V, Vub may be about 3V and V_soft_form may be about 8V. Note that the values herein for Vux, Vub, and V_soft_form are examples and that other values could be used.
FIG. 10A depicts waveforms that are applied to bit lines and word lines during a SET process. The waveforms illustrate additional details of steps 707 and 708 of FIG. 7. Recall that in step 707, bias voltages are applied to bit lines and word lines during the SET process. FIG. 10A depicts Vux applied to word lines and Vub applied to bit lines. The voltages on the unselected word lines and unselected bit lines may remain relatively constant after they are initially established.
After the voltages are established in step 707, recall that the SET voltage is applied in step 708. In one embodiment, the bias to the selected bit line is changed from Vub to ground and then the bias to the selected word line is changed from Vux to Vset in order to apply Vset. After holding the selected word line at Vset for a time period "Tpulse," the voltage on the selected word line is returned to Vux. The duration of Tpulse may be in the range of 10 nanoseconds to 500 nanoseconds. However, Tpulse may have a greater or shorter duration. Note that there is a "reverse voltage" across the memory cell 200 during Tpulse. This is referred to as a reverse voltage because the voltage goes lower on the selected bit line than the selected word line. In some embodiments, the reverse voltage causes a diode 204 in the memory cell 200 to be reversed biased. In one embodiment, the breakdown voltage of the diode is between 5.5 and 6.5 V. However, the breakdown voltage of the diode could be higher or lower. In embodiments in which the steering element is a p-i-n diode, Vux may be about 5V, Vub may be about 5V, and Vset may be about 10V. Note this means that the reverse voltage may be about 10V. In embodiments in which the steering element is a punch-thru diode, Vux may be about 3V, Vub may be about 5V, and Vset may be about 8V. Note this means that the reverse voltage may be about 8V. The reverse voltages for all cases are examples and could be higher or lower. Performing the partial forming (step 502, FIG. 4) prior to completing the forming (step 504, FIG. 4) may reduce the magnitude of the reverse voltage that is needed to complete the forming.
In one embodiment, the current is limited when applying the SET voltage. One technique to limit the current is referred to as a capacitive discharge method. For example, the selected bit line may be charged to the pulse voltage value and disconnected from the voltage source by a capacitive discharge method. Further details are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/339,313, filed in Dec. 19, 2008, titled "Reverse Set with Current Limit for Non-volatile Storage," which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
FIG. 10B depicts example waveforms applied to bit lines and word lines when READING a memory cell 200. The waveforms provide further details for step 710 of FIG. 7 for an embodiment in which the steering element is a p-i-n diode. Initially Vread (e.g., 2V) is applied to the word lines and the bit lines are grounded. Next, the voltage to selected word line is dropped from Vread to ground. Then, the voltage to selected bit line is raised from ground to Vread. This results in the bias scheme depicted in FIG. 5D. The selected bit line may be held at Vread for about 1 microsecond. The current of the selected bit line may be sensed by a circuit such as FIG. 3. Then, the selected bit line is returned to ground.
FIG. 10C shows waveforms that are applied in one embodiment when READING a memory cell 200 in which the steering element 204 is a punch-thru diode. This is one implementation of step 710 of FIG. 7. Initially 4V is applied to the word lines and 3V is applied to the bit lines. Next, the voltage to the selected word line is dropped from 4V to ground. Then, the voltage to selected bit line is raised from 3V to 5V. The selected bit line may be held at 5V for about 1 microsecond. The current of the selected bit line may be sensed when the voltage is at 5V. The current from the selected bit line may be sensed by a circuit such as FIG. 3. Then, the selected bit line is returned to 3V. Note that other voltages might be used for a punch-thru diode steering element.
FIG. 10D depicts waveforms that are applied to bit lines and word lines during a RESET process. The waveforms illustrate additional details of steps 807-808 of FIG. 8. Recall that in step 807, bias voltages are applied to bit lines and word lines during the RESET process. FIG. 10D depicts Vux initially applied to word lines and Vub initially applied to bit lines. The voltages on the unselected word lines and unselected bit lines may remain relatively constant after they are initially established.
After the voltages are established in step 807, recall that the RESET voltage is applied in step 808. In one embodiment, the bias to the selected word line is changed from Vux to ground and then the bias to the selected bit line is changed from Vub to Vreset in order to apply Vreset. After holding the selected bit line at Vreset for a time period "Tpulse," the voltage on the selected bit line is returned to Vub. The duration of Tpulse may be in the range of a few microseconds. However, Tpulse may have a greater or shorter duration. As an example, Vreset may be in the range from about 3.0V to about 5.0V. However, Vreset could be higher or lower. In one embodiment, Vux is about Vreset−0.7V. In one embodiment, Vub is about 0.7V.
In some embodiments, the steering element 204 is an FET. FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C, depict waveforms of voltages applied to a selected WL, a selected BL, and the gate of the FET during various operations. Reference will be made to the example memory array with FET steering elements 204 of FIG. 1E when discussing the example waveforms.
FIG. 11A depicts example waveforms that may be applied when soft forming a memory cell. Thus, FIG. 11A depicts waveforms for one implementation of steps 607-608 of process 600 of FIG. 6. Initially, all of the bit lines, word lines, and FET gates may be grounded. This is one implementation of step 607. The voltages to the unselected bit lines, the unselected word lines, and the unselected gate lines are not depicted in FIG. 11A, as they do not change. Next, the selected gate line is raised to a voltage Vgate that may have a magnitude that is selected to control the current through the selected memory cell 200. An example range of voltages is between 0.5V and 2.0V. However, Vgate could be higher or lower. Next, the voltage Vsoft_form is applied to the selected word line. An example, magnitude for Vsoft_form is 8V. The selected word line is held at Vsoft_form for a time period "Tpulse," which may range from 100 nanoseconds to 10 microseconds. However, Tpulse may be longer or shorter. After Tpulse, the selected word line is returned to ground. Then, the selected gate line is returned to ground. The application of Vgate and Vsoft_form are one implementation of step 608.
FIG. 11B depicts example waveforms that may be applied when SETTING a memory cell. The waveforms are one implementation of steps 707-708 of process 700 of FIG. 7. Reference will be made to the example memory array with FET steering elements 204 of FIG. 1E. Initially, all of the bit lines, word lines, and FET gates may be grounded. This is one implementation of step 707. The voltages to the unselected bit lines, the unselected word lines, and the unselected gate lines are not depicted in FIG. 11B, as they do not change. Next, the selected gate line is raised to a voltage Vgate that may have a magnitude that is selected to control the current through the selected memory cell 200. An example range of voltages is between 0.5V and 2.0V. However, Vgate could be higher or lower. Next, the voltage Vset is applied to the selected bit line. An example, magnitude for Vset is 8 V. The selected bit line is held at Vset for a time period "Tpulse," which may range from 10 nanoseconds to 500 nanoseconds. However, Tpulse may be longer or shorter. After Tpulse, the selected bit line is returned to ground. Then, the selected gate line is returned to ground. The application of Vgate and Vset are one implementation of step 708.
FIG. 11C depicts example waveforms that may be applied when reading a memory cell. This is one implementation of step 710 of FIG. 7. Initially, all of the bit lines, word lines, and FET gates may be grounded. The voltages to the unselected bit lines, the unselected word lines, and the unselected gate lines are not depicted in FIG. 11C, as they do not change. Next, the selected gate line is raised to a voltage Vgate that may have a magnitude that is selected to control the current through the selected memory cell 200. An example voltage for Vgate during a sense operation is 5V. However, Vgate could be higher or lower. Next, the voltage Vread is applied to the selected bit line. An example, magnitude for Vread is 2 V. The selected bit line is held at Vread for a time period "Tpulse," which may be about 1 micro-second. However, Tpulse may be longer or shorter. After Tpulse, the selected bit line is returned to ground. Then, the selected gate line is returned to ground.
One embodiment includes a method of operating non-volatile storage. The method comprises applying a first voltage to a memory cell having a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and applying a second voltage to the memory cell. Applying the first voltage reduces the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. Applying the second voltage further reduces the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element. The second voltage has the opposite polarity as the first voltage.
One embodiment includes a storage system comprising a non-volatile memory cell including a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and one or more management circuits in communication with the memory cell. The more management circuits apply a first voltage to the memory cell to reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. The more management circuits apply a second voltage to the memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element. The second voltage has the opposite polarity as the first voltage.
One embodiment includes a method of operating non-volatile storage. The method comprises applying one or more voltages having a first polarity to a memory cell having a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and a steering element in series with the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. Applying the one or more voltages having a first polarity reduces the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element to partially form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. The method also includes applying one or more voltages having a second polarity to the memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element to fully form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. The second polarity is opposite the first polarity.
One embodiment includes a storage system, comprising a first plurality of conductors, a second plurality of conductor, and a plurality of non-volatile memory cells coupled between the first and second plurality of conductors in a cross-point array configuration. Each of the memory cells includes a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and a steering element. The storage system also includes one or more management circuits in communication with the memory cells. The one or more management circuits apply one or more voltages having a first polarity to a first of the memory cells to reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element to partially form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. The one or more management circuits apply one or more voltages having a second polarity to the first memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element to fully form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element. The second polarity is opposite the first polarity.
The foregoing detailed description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or be limited to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The described embodiments were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the technology and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the technology in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the technology be defined by the claims appended hereto.
1. A method of operating non-volatile storage, the method comprising:
applying a first voltage to a memory cell having a reversible resistivity-switching memory element, applying the first voltage reduces the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element; and
applying a second voltage to the memory cell, applying the second voltage further reduces the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element, the second voltage has the opposite polarity as the first voltage.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the first voltage to the memory cell is performed in response to determining that an initial forming of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element should be performed.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying a third voltage to the memory cell to increase the resistance of the resistivity-switching element after applying the second voltage, the third voltage has the same polarity as the first voltage, the third voltage is applied in response to determining that the memory cell should be RESET.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising applying one or more voltages having the same polarity as the second voltage but no voltages having the same polarity as the first voltage to reduce the resistance of the memory cell, the one or more voltages having the same polarity as the second voltage are applied in response to determining that the memory cell should be SET.
determining whether the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element has reached a target value after applying the second voltage; and
applying one or more additional voltages to the memory cell until the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element reaches the target value, the one or more additional voltages have the same polarity as the second voltage.
determining whether the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element has reached a target value after applying the first voltage; and
applying one or more additional voltages to the reversible resistivity-switching element until the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element reaches the target value, the one or more additional voltages have the same polarity as the first voltage.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the reversible resistivity-switching memory element includes a transition metal oxide.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the memory cell includes a steering element.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the steering element is a diode.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the steering element is a Field Effect Transistor (FET).
11. The method of claim 1, further comprising limiting the current through the reversible resistivity-switching memory element when applying the first voltage to the memory cell.
12. The method of claim 1, further comprising limiting the current through the reversible resistivity-switching memory element when applying the second voltage to the memory cell.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the memory cell is coupled to a bit line, the bit line is selectively coupled to a voltage source, the applying a second voltage to the memory cell includes:
selectively coupling the voltage source to the bit line to charge the bit line using a pulse voltage from the voltage source; and
disconnecting the bit line from the voltage source, the charge from the bit line reduces the resistance of the memory cell after disconnecting the bit line from the voltage source.
14. A storage system, comprising:
a non-volatile memory cell including a reversible resistivity-switching memory element; and
one or more management circuits in communication with the memory cell, the one or more management circuits apply a first voltage to the memory cell to reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element, the one or more management circuits apply a second voltage to the memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element, the second voltage has the opposite polarity as the first voltage.
15. The storage system of claim 14, wherein the one or more management circuits apply the first voltage to the memory cell in response to determining that an initial forming of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element should be performed.
16. The storage system of claim 14, wherein the one or more management circuits apply a third voltage to the memory cell to increase the resistance of the resistivity-switching element after applying the second voltage, the third voltage has the same polarity as the first voltage, the one or more management circuits apply third voltage in response to determining that the memory cell should be RESET.
17. The storage system of claim 16, wherein the one or more management circuits apply one or more voltages having the same polarity as the second voltage but no voltages having the same polarity as the first voltage to reduce the resistance of the memory cell, the one or more management circuits apply one or more voltages having the same polarity as the second voltage in response to determining that the memory cell should be SET.
18. The storage system of claim 14, wherein the one or more management circuits:
determine whether the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element has reached a target value after applying the second voltage; and
apply one or more additional voltages to the memory cell until the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element reaches the target value, the one or more additional voltages have the same polarity as the second voltage.
determine whether the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element has reached a target value after the one or more management circuits apply the first voltage; and
apply one or more additional voltages to the reversible resistivity-switching element until the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element reaches the target value, the one or more additional voltages have the same polarity as the first voltage.
20. The storage system of claim 14, wherein the reversible resistivity-switching memory element includes a transition metal oxide.
21. The storage system of claim 14, wherein the memory cell includes a steering element.
22. The storage system of claim 21, wherein the steering element is a diode.
23. The storage system of claim 21, wherein the steering element is a Field Effect Transistor (FET).
24. The storage system of claim 14, further comprising a circuit that limits the current through the reversible resistivity-switching memory element when applying the first voltage to the memory cell.
25. The storage system of claim 14, further comprising a circuit that limits the current through the reversible resistivity-switching memory element when applying the second voltage to the memory cell.
26. The storage system of claim 14, further comprising a bit line coupled to the memory cell and a voltage source, the one or more managing circuits applying the second voltage to the memory cell includes the one or more managing circuits charging the bit line using a pulse voltage from the voltage source and disconnecting the bit line from the voltage source, charge from the bit line reduces the resistance of the memory cell after disconnecting the bit line from the voltage source.
27. The storage system of claim 14, further comprising:
a first plurality of conductors;
a second plurality of conductors; and
a plurality of non-volatile memory cells coupled between the first and second plurality of conductors in a cross-point array configuration, each of the memory cells includes a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and a steering element;
the one or more management circuits are in communication with the plurality of non-volatile memory cells, the one or more management circuits apply a first voltage to a selected memory cell of the memory cells to reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element of the selected memory cell, the one or more management circuits apply a second voltage to the selected memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element of the selected memory cell, the second voltage has the opposite polarity as the first voltage.
28. A method of operating non-volatile storage, the method comprising:
applying one or more voltages having a first polarity to a memory cell having a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and a steering element in series with the reversible resistivity-switching memory element, applying the one or more voltages having a first polarity reduces the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element to partially form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element; and
applying one or more voltages having a second polarity to the memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element to fully form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element, the second polarity is opposite the first polarity.
29. The method of operating non-volatile storage of claim 28, further comprising applying one or more voltages having the first polarity to the memory cell to increase the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element to RESET the reversible resistivity-switching element after fully forming the reversible resistivity-switching element.
a second plurality of conductors;
a plurality of non-volatile memory cells coupled between the first and second plurality of conductors in a cross-point array configuration, each of the memory cells includes a reversible resistivity-switching memory element and a steering element; and
one or more management circuits in communication with the memory cells, the one or more management circuits apply one or more voltages having a first polarity to a first of the memory cells to reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching memory element to partially form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element, the one or more management circuits apply one or more voltages having a second polarity to the first memory cell to further reduce the resistance of the reversible resistivity-switching element to fully form the reversible resistivity-switching memory element, the second polarity is opposite the first polarity.
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Ha, et al., "Bipolar Switching Characteristics of Nonvolatile Memory Devices Based on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) thin film", Applied Physics Letters, Jul. 22, 2008, 3 pages, vol. 93, No. 3, American Institute of Physics (AIP), Melville, NY, USA.
Do, et al., "Al Electrode Dependent Transition to Bipolar Resistive Switching Characteristics in Pure TiO2 Films", Dec. 9, 2008, Journal of Applied Physics, 4 pages, vol. 104, No. 11, American Institute of Physics (AIP), New York, USA.
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Filed: Dec 18, 2009
Assignee: SanDisk 3D LLC (Milpitas, CA)
Inventors: Xiying Chen (San Jose, CA), Abhijit Bandyopadhyay (San Jose, CA), Brian Le (San Jose, CA), Roy Scheuerlein (Cupertino, CA), Li Xiao (San Jose, CA)
Primary Examiner: Viet Q Nguyen
Attorney: Vierra Magen Marcus & DeNiro LLP
Current U.S. Class: Resistive (365/148); Magnetoresistive (365/158); Read/write Circuit (365/189.011); Particular Write Circuit (365/189.16)
International Classification: G11C 11/00 (20060101); | {
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Archive: April 2020 - Operation Noah
Posted in: Newsletters
Date posted: 25 April 2020
Read our April Newsletter
In this newsletter we pay tribute to the late Sir John Houghton, a keen supporter of Operation Noah from our inception. You are also invited to ask your church or Christian organisation to make a decision to divest from fossil fuels ahead of the next global divestment announcement for faith organisations and we have news of a new Bright Now report.
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Sir John Houghton (1931-2020)
The eminent meteorologist, climate change expert and Christian, Sir John Houghton, has died at the age of 88 of suspected Covid-19. Sir John was a Patron of Operation Noah.
Among many achievements, he was co-chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) scientific assessment working group and lead editor of the first three IPCC reports. In December 2007 he received the Nobel Peace Prize as part of the IPCC delegation, alongside the former vice-president of the United States of America, Al Gore. He was also professor in atmospheric physics at the University of Oxford and Chief Executive of the Met Office.
Sir John firmly believed that faith and science belong together. He founded the John Ray Initiative (JRI), an organisation connecting environment, science and Christianity, in 1998.
Paul Bodenham, Operation Noah founder, recalls: 'John spent many hours, over many years, touring churches in Britain and the United States, making the case for Christians to act on climate change. It was a ministry in which he was quietly tenacious, and I was struck by the integrity with which he spoke, fully both a scientist and a disciple. He was opening speaker at the launch of Operation Noah in 2004, while it was still a project of Green Christian, and featured in the campaign video which followed. It is no exaggeration to say that John was instrumental in the churches in the UK finding their voice on climate change.'
Sister Louisa Poole, an Operation Noah Board Member, said: 'We owe him a lot in being the first scientist who took a public stand. He supported Operation Noah hugely, often mentioned us, and tirelessly appeared to speak to groups large and small.'
In a moving tribute on Twitter, Sir John's granddaughter, Hannah Malcolm, quoted him as saying of his time at university: 'Science was a voyage of discovery to the way the universe worked, and it was God's universe, then it was studying the works of God, and that's something that stuck with me.'
She also said: 'My… consistent memory will be his deep faith that he was doing work in service of the God he loved, and in service of the world he loved.'
The Church Times has republished an interview with Sir John, which took place in 2013 at the time of the publication of his autobiography In the Eye of the Storm.
Here at Operation Noah our thoughts and prayers are with Sir John's family at this time.
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The 'other goal' in language and information policies
Sjaak Kroon
As of March 2, 2022, Dutch newspaper de Volkskrant, just like The New York Times, BBC, AP and The Guardian, opted for using the Ukranian names of cities instead of following the Russian transcription that was used before. As a consequence, Kiev became Kyiv and Charkov became Charkiv. Apart from press media, de Volkskrant says, also the Dutch ministry of Foreign Affairs increasingly uses Kyiv in its official communication. The newspaper took its decision partly because it received quite some questions from readers, asking why the Russian names were still used in its coverage of the war in Ukraine. According to Pieter Klok, editor in chief of de Volkskrant, 'every country that, after a period of repression opts for freedom and wishes to mark that by using the name of the country and its place-names in their own language,' deserves our support.
Language policy for 'some reason'
The Kyiv case makes clear that hardly ever, language policy is only or even mainly about language. That is the main lesson I tried to teach generations of students in courses on language policy and planning at Tilburg University, the Netherlands. In most cases, language policy is a means to reach another goal, be it political, societal, ideological, cultural or economic. Although this 'other goal' isn't explicitly mentioned in Cooper's (1989: 45) definition of language planning as "deliberate efforts to influence the behavior of others with respect to the acquisition, structure, or functional allocation of their language codes," it is clearly visible in the title of his seminal book Language Planning and Social Change. Kaplan and Baldauf (1997: 3) do include this 'other goal' – but modestly – in their definition of language planning as "an attempt by someone to modify the linguistic behaviour of some community for some reason." Of course, 'for some reason' can mean a lot of different things and it mainly depends on the policy makers, rather than on the linguists who are given the assignment to develop specific language policies, what these things might be. Even after so many years, I still consider Tollefson's (1991) collection of case studies in Planning Language, Planning Inequality to be among the best illustrations of a historical-structural approach to language policy that, in contrast to neo-classical approaches, contributes to unravelling the often hidden and messy ambitions of policy makers.
'Unity through diversity' or 'Divide and rule'
© Sjaak Kroon
Trilingual sign on Harnet Street, Asmara, Eritrea
Let me give an example. It is taken from my work with Chefena Hailemariam (2002) and Yonas Mesfun Asfaha (2009) in Eritrea in the Horn of Africa. Already before Eritrea, after thirty years of armed struggle with Ethiopia, gained its independence in 1993, the provisional EPLF government had designed a policy document on how to deal with the country's linguistic diversity in education. Eritrea has nine ethnolinguistic groups that speak nine different languages from three different language families, using three different scripts. The policy decided that all nine languages had to be considered equal and that all children in elementary school would get the opportunity to be taught in their own languages. This was nicely covered by the slogan 'Unity through diversity'.
Hardly ever, language policy is only or even mainly about language
This all, at first sight, seems to be totally in line with the generally accepted idea that children will profit from being educated in their mother tongue as a first step in a successful school career. If we have a closer look however at the linguistic landscape of Eritrea, we see that about 50 percent of the population are Tigrinya speakers, who are followers of the Christian-Orthodox Church and play the main part in the country's government. From the other half of the population, about 27 percent are speakers of Tigre, and all other ethnolinguistic groups, that is speakers of Afar, Bidhaawyeet, Bilen, Kunama, Nara, Arabic and Saho, have numbers between 1 and 6 percent of the population and they are all mainly followers of Islam. One could therefore also argue that the provisional government's hidden goal of their language policy was 'Divide and rule', that is, by providing education in the mother tongue, ensuring that the 50 percent Muslim population would stay separated in small independent groups that would be no threat to the Tigrinya speaking Christian-Orthodox rulers. This is not to say that either of the two possibilities is the only truth, but it clearly shows that language policy is never only about language but always also has this 'other goal' as well. We only need to look in-depth to see it (see also Kroon, 2021).
Technological fixes vs ideologically grounded criteria
Fruits and vegetables?
The Eritrea example for many might look like an old school language policy case dealing with what Cooper (1989) termed 'status planning', that is the allocation of specific functions to a language. Let me therefore also add an example of language, or better language and information, policy 2.0. We live in an information age that is highly determined by globalization and digitalization processes. People are connected through the internet, social media, mobile phones and smart phones. These digital infrastructures' main ambition is to inform people, provide them with information and news, through language, images and videoclips in a multimodal ensemble. The earning capacity of the companies that engage in social media distribution is based on the viral spread of their messages and the exploitable user data that are collected in this process. As a consequence, the potential of a message to go viral is often considered more important than its truth. The corona pandemic for example led to an explosion of fake news, junk news and conspiracy theories on social media, often blocking official information issued by governments and health institutions (Maly, 2020). The main question to be asked here relates to who should be in charge, who should take control to stop false information. Should we welcome and trust tech companies like Google, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, Tumbler, Instagram and Reddit to do this job themselves, even if they are commercially speaking clearly not independent, or should we rely on authoritative institutions like governments to do so? Tech companies might mainly apply yes-no technological fixes to exclude misinformation, pornography, adult content and sexist, racist or other non-inclusive language and images (Dumoulin, 2022; Morgandi, 2019).
Who exactly is it that makes policy decisions, for whom and to what end exactly?
Governments on the other hand might come up with ideologically grounded criteria for what is allowed on social media and what is not. In aiming at influencing their target groups' online behavior, that is to protect them from unacceptable content and urge them to not post such content themselves, such technological fixes and ideological criteria in fact very closely resemble traditional language and information policies. Also here, however, the main question is about the policy makers' 'other goal'. Who exactly is it that makes such policy decisions, for whom and to what end exactly? Why should, to start with a harmless example, the peach and eggplant emojis be banned, why should people not be trusted to decide themselves what information they would like to get online, why is 'fake news' on the war in Ukraine and words like 'invasion' and 'war' suddenly banned from Russian media – with a penalty of up to 15 years imprisonment – and why is 'military operation' permitted? Each of these questions relates to more than just the content that is banned. They relate to the policy makers' 'other goal'. We only need to look in-depth to see it.
Chronotopicity and the top-down-bottom-up divide
The two examples dealt with show that it is clearly not enough anymore to simply look at language and information policies as they are designed at the drawing board. Such policies are defined within the framework of a more general national policy framework. They are developed and implemented in continuously changing contexts: approaches or solutions that may be effective at one point in time, may become less relevant or even obsolete later.
Policies are often only a poor indicator of practices
Apart from the fact that policies are connected to a specific chronotopic context (Blommaert, 2017) that potentially hampers their effectiveness in the long run, there is another potentially disturbing aspect. That is the top-down-bottom-up divide in policy making. Johnson (2013: 10) characterizes bottom-up solutions for language (and information) problems as micro-level, covert, implicit and de facto policies whereas he refers to top-down policies as macro-level, overt, explicit and de jure policies. Bottom-up practices and top-down policies often appear to be very different from each other, even if they try to tackle the same problem. As Spolsky (2004) already noted, a language (and information) policy can indeed take the shape of a policy document, a text with rules and regulations. At the same time, however, it can be reflected in people's language (and information) practices and attitudes in real life that do not necessarily coincide with decisions in officially concluded policy documents.
Foregrounding the agency of practitioners
The ideas and practices of those involved in solving language and information related problems on the ground are basically a reflection of bottom-up, grassroots perspectives that provide local solutions for local challenges, but at the same time can play a role as local bottom-up evidence for a certain approach in the traditional process of top-down policy development. Policies are often only a poor indicator of practices. The domain of actual language and information practices can be considered the meeting place of formal policies and norms from above and informal practices and norms from below. In line with Ricento and Hornberger's (1996: 419) plea for research that foregrounds the agency of practitioners in deciding on language (and information) policies, I would more generally argue in favor of employing an ethnographic approach in offline (Blommaert & Dong, 2020; McCarty, 2011) as well as online (Varis, 2016; Lu, 2020) research on and for language and information policies in order to ensure that participants' perspectives on the ground – offline, online and, to use Blommaert's (2019) phrase, in the online-offline nexus – are explicitly taken on board.
Asfaha, Y. M. (2009). Literacy Acquisition in Multilingual Eritrea. A comparative study of reading across languages and scripts. PhD thesis Tilburg University. Amsterdam: Aksant Academic Publishers.
Blommaert, J. (2019). From groups to actions and back in online-offline sociolinguistics. Multilingua, 38(4), 485-493.
Blommaert, J. (2017). Chronotopes, scales and complexity in the study of language. In K. Arnaut, M. S. Karrebæk, M. Spotti & J. Blommaert (Eds.), Engaging Superdiversity. Recombining Spaces, Times and Language Practices (pp. 47-62). Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Blommaert, J. & Dong, J. (2020). Ethnographic Fieldwork. A beginners' guide. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Cooper, R. L. (1989). Language Planning and Social Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dumoulin, I. (2022). Democracy and the 'Shit You Should Care About'.
Hailemariam, C. (2002). Language and Education in Eritrea. A case study of language diversity, policy and practice. PhD thesis Tilburg University. Amsterdam: Aksant Academic Publishers.
Johnson, D. C. (2013). Language Policy. New York: Palgrave McMillan.
Kaplan, R. B. & R. B. Baldauf (1997). Language Planning: From Practice to Theory. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Kroon, S. (2021). Language Policy in Public Space. A historical perspective on Asmara's linguistic landscape. Journal of Eastern African Studies.
Lu, Ying (2020). Biaoqing on Chinese Social Media. Practices, products, communities and markets in a knowledge economy. PhD thesis Tilburg University.
Maly, I. (2020). The coronavirus, the attention economy and far-right junk news.
Morgandi. F. (2019). Tumblr's ban on pornographic content.
McCarty, T. (Ed.) (2011). Ethnography and language Policy. London: Routledge.
Ricento, T. & N. Hornberger (1996). Unpeeling the onion: Language planning and policy and the ELT professional. TESOL Quarterly 30(3), 401-427.
Spolsky, B. (2004). Language policy: Key topics in sociolinguistics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Tollefson, J. W. (1991). Planning language, planning inequality. Language policy in the community. London and New York: Longman.
Varis, P. & Hou, M. (2020). Digital approaches in linguistic ethnography. In K. Tusting (Ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Linguistic Ethnography (pp. 229-240). London: Routledge.
Emeritus Professor of Multilingualism in the multicultural society at the Department of Culture Studies and Babylon, Tilburg University
More from Sjaak Kroon
Rowwen Hèze en globalisering
Looking for Wifi
Language Policy in Timor-Leste
In memory of Jan Blommaert | {
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Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies
Volume 2019: Issue 3
Tracking Anonymized Bluetooth Devices
Johannes K Becker 1 , David Li 2 , and David Starobinski 3
1 Boston University,
https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2019-0036
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices use public (non-encrypted) advertising channels to announce their presence to other devices. To prevent tracking on these public channels, devices may use a periodically changing, randomized address instead of their permanent Media Access Control (MAC) address. In this work we show that many state-of-the-art devices which are implementing such anonymization measures are vulnerable to passive tracking that extends well beyond their address randomization cycles. We show that it is possible to extract identifying tokens from the pay-load of advertising messages for tracking purposes. We present an address-carryover algorithm which exploits the asynchronous nature of payload and address changes to achieve tracking beyond the address randomization of a device. We furthermore identify an identity-exposing attack via a device accessory that allows permanent, non-continuous tracking, as well as an iOS side-channel which allows insights into user activity. Finally, we provide countermeasures against the presented algorithm and other privacy flaws in BLE advertising.
Bluetooth; tracking; privacy; information leakage; side-channels; correlation attacks; traffic analysis
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