Datasets:

tomg-group-umd

/

wikipedia-en-2k-samples

like 0

Follow

Tom Goldstein's Lab at University of Maryland, College Park 46

2577009

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated%20Indians%20of%20Graton%20Rancheria

Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria

The Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, formerly known as the Federated Coast Miwok, is a federally recognized American Indian tribe of Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo Indians. The tribe was officially restored to federal recognition in 2000 by the U.S. government pursuant to the Graton Rancheria Restoration Act. Early history Prior to European contact, the residents of Marin and Sonoma Counties were bands of Native Californians belonging to two linguistic and cultural groups: the Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo, living in close proximity to each other and indigenous to Marin and southern Sonoma Counties in Northern California. Occupied at various times during more than thirty centuries, over 600 village sites have been identified in the Coast Miwok territory, stretching from Bodega Bay to the north, eastward beyond the towns of Cotati and Sonoma, and along the Point Reyes National Seashore and the shores of Tomales Bay. The year 1579 was the earliest recorded account made by the Europeans of the Coast Miwok people on the coast of Marin in the Point Reyes area, as documented in a diary by Chaplain Fletcher who was aboard Sir Francis Drake's ship. In 1595, The Coast Miwok came into contact with the crew of the San Agustin, a Manila Galleon, captained by Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho and crewed by Filipino mariners. During the Mission Period of 1779–1823, Mission San Francisco de Asís (also called "Mission Dolores"), Mission San Rafael Arcángel and Mission San Francisco Solano used Indians, including the Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo people, as a key source of labor. As early as 1830, a Filipino named Domingo Felix married a Coast Miwok woman named Euphrasia Valencia, and they started a family who later settled in Lairds Landing in 1861. The family who descended from this multiracial couple remained there until 1955. Some of the Coast Miwok trace their lineage to this couple. The territorial lands of the Southern Pomo are in Sonoma County, south of the Russian River to the southern Santa Rosa area. The Southern Pomo were the first inhabitants of what is now the town of Sebastopol, with several smaller traditional Southern Pomo villages located southeast of Sebastopol along the Laguna de Santa Rosa. California anthropologist Alfred L. Kroeber stated: Batiklechawi, at Sebastapol at the head of the slough known as Laguna de Santa Rosa, was an important town, and therefore presumably the headquarters of a division [of the Southern Pomo]. Another group tentatively may be inferred as having occupied the bulk of the shores of the laguna. Recent history Most of the Coast Miwok continued to live in their traditional lands through the 20th century. They worked in sawmills, as agricultural laborers, and fished to supplement their incomes. The Graton Rancheria was a Indian rancheria near Sebastopol in Sonoma County. The rancheria was established for Coast Miwok, Southern Pomo, and other Indians living in the region. In 1920, when Indians began to settle the land, they discovered that all but were inhospitable. The US government terminated the trust agreement (federal recognition) of the Graton Rancheria in 1958. Gloria Armstrong (Miwok) privately owned a lot of the previous rancheria. In 1992, the tribe initiated the procedure to regain federal recognition. Recognition was achieved on December 27, 2000 through the Graton Rancheria Restoration Act passed by the U.S. Congress. On April 18, 2008, the tribe acquired of land. Since 2007, the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria has collaborated with Occidental Arts and Ecology in Occidental, California to create workshops called Tradition Environmental Knowledge on organic farming, herbology, native plant restoration, and ethnobotany. Government The tribe has approximately 1,438 members (1,438 as of October 1, 2019). The tribe's government offices are located in Rohnert Park, California. Tribal governmental programs and services include sacred sites preservation and protection, Indian housing, Indian education, membership, cultural arts, social services, and tribal health. The Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria are governed by a seven-member Tribal Council who are elected to two-year terms by the adult tribal membership. The current administration includes: Tribal Chairman: Greg Sarris Vice-Chair: Lorelle W. B. Ross Treasurer: Gene Buvelot Secretary: Jeannette Anglin Councilmember: Joanne Campbell Councilmember: Robert Baguio Councilmember: Lawrence Stafford. Notable tribal members Julia F. Parker, b. 1928, master basket weaver Greg Sarris, b. 1952, professor and author See also Advisory Council on California Indian Policy Bibliography Kroeber, Alfred L. Handbook of the Indians of California, Volume 1. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2006 (Reprint). . Pritzker, Barry M. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. . References External links Friends of Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria Graton Rancheria Casino and Hotel Project EPA notice Miwok Pomo Native American tribes in Sonoma County, California Federally recognized tribes in the United States 2000 establishments in California

66040777

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audley%20Dean%20Nicols

Audley Dean Nicols

Audley Dean Nicols (22 September 1875–13 November 1941) was an American artist, illustrator and muralist. Born and raised in Sewickley, Pennsylvania; he studied in New York and Europe, and worked as an illustrator for various national magazines in the United States. He moved to El Paso, Texas in the early 1920s, where he painted desert landscapes of the American Southwest. Nicols achieved national recognition during his lifetime; his style and choice of subjects gathering followers who became known as the "Purple Mountain Painters". Life and career Born in 1875 in Sewickley from Pittsburgh along the Ohio River, Audley Dean Nicols was the son of Parshall D. Nicols, an iron broker, and Elizabeth "Lizzie" Agnes McLaughlin, an art teacher. He had a sister, Alice Clyde Nicols, and two brothers, Verner, who died of the Spanish Flu, and Lowell, who was an art critic and an optical glass research chemist. His mother Lizzie, who had studied with painter George Hetzel and taught drawing and painting at the Steubenville Seminary, gave him his first art lessons. After graduating from Sewickley High School in 1893 he went to New York to study under Harry Siddons Mowbray, Edwin Blashfield, and Kenyon Cox, at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Art Students League of New York. After further studies in Europe, Nicols started a career as a magazine illustrator, working for several publications including Collier's, McClure's, Cosmopolitan, Harper's, Scribner's, St. Nicholas Magazine, and The Burr McIntosh Monthly. After a period of convalescence at home due to surgical operations, he moved into oil painting, working from a studio in the Sewickley Valley Trust building. Some of his work from this earlier period includes murals in Pittsburgh public buildings and portraits. He painted Civil War General Alexander Hays in a portrait and in a now lost painting where he is shown dragging the Confederate flag from his horse. His work in oils began to get some recognition and in 1904 Nicols' painting A Reverie was accepted for the ninth Carnegie International Exhibition in Pittsburgh. Nicols began visiting the Arizona desert and Texas from around 1912, permanently moving with his family to El Paso in 1922, due in part to health problems with an extrapulmonary tuberculosis contracted in his youth, and that made him walk with a limp. He lived in a rock house in Fort Boulevard at the foothills of the Franklin mountains, and since before his permanent move he went on long desert expeditions for plein air painting, first in the company of two Franciscan priests and later with a friend. His first work with of a desert subject was bought by breakfast cereal pioneer Charles W. Post in a Chicago gallery, sometime between 1912 and 1914.Nicols continued to paint desert panoramas of Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and California, and large canvas on Old West subjects. His 1927 depiction of Tokay, a former coal-mining settlement in Socorro County, New Mexico, is considered a valuable historical record of what is now a ghost town. Also in 1927, a lithograph reproduction of Nicols' painting of Texas' El Capitan peak was distributed in a publicity campaign for the Texas and Pacific Railway. The original painting of the mountain was later placed in Abilene's Research Center for the Southwest, at the Hardin-Simmons University library. In 1929 he was commissioned by architect Henry Trost to design the glass-stained mural which incorporates the painting Cave creek canyon - Chiricahua mountains, located at the top of the lobby stairs of the Gadsden Hotel in Douglas, Arizona. In his later life Nicols was characterized as eccentric and mysterious, absorbed by his work, but he had a circle of close friends including other artists and General Robert L. Howze. He was married to Mary Olivia Nicols , an Irish immigrant, and had two children, Audley Dean Jr and Mary Beth. In 1932 he was hospitalized for several weeks due to a brain hemorrhage but eventually recovered. He died almost ten years later in November 1941, just a few months after celebrating his daughter's 10th birthday. The artist was buried in Restlawn Memorial Park in El Paso, with writer and muralist Tom Lea, who was also Mary Beth's godfather, acting as one of the pallbearers. Style and legacy Audley Dean Nicols' style of clean, detailed landscape painting was inspired by the clarity, sharp lines and strong contrasts of the desert, and he applied techniques to capture the colors and hint at the vast expanses. Nicols said in 1916:The desert is everything but gray. There are clean fresh blues, pinks and yellows in the skies, opalescent purple, rose and lavender in the ever-present distant mountains, dull greens of every shade in the vegetation, reds and yellows in the rocks and earth -but never gray.Critics have recognized his depiction of the distinctive nature of desert light as one of the best. Nicols' compositions are often organized in three horizontal sections; the desert ground and vegetation below, mountains in the middle and the sky above. He depicted vibrant nature scenes with only small traces of humans, if any, using warm light and vivid colors such as bluish purple for the distant mountains. The style and subjects of his work achieved significant popularity and were followed by other West Texas artists, who collectively became known as the "Purple Mountain Painters". Nicols was a friend of other local El Paso artists such as Fremont Ellis and Lewis Teel, and encouraged Eugene Thurston to start painting. Nicols is considered an important early Texas artist who is especially known for his large-scale portrayals of desert scenes, although he mostly depicted human subjects in his earlier work, and got an honorable mention in the 1927 San Antonio wild flower competition organized by oilman and philanthropist Edgar B. Davis. Nicols' work View of El Paso at sunset was included in the 2019 major exhibition "The Art of Texas: 250 Years" at the Witte Museum, San Antonio. This painting was commissioned by the First National Bank of El Paso in 1925; when the bank closed in 1933, a local resident purchased it and donated it to El Paso High School. The painting remained on display at the school library until 1972, when it was taken down for restoration. During renovations of the school in 2000, the painting was discovered in a janitor's closet. Nicols achieved some national recognition during his lifetime, his well-sold paintings helping to romanticize the Southwest and forming part of several private and public collections, including that of the White House during the Warren G. Harding administration (1921–1923). Records show that paintings by Nicols sold at between $250 and $500 by the end of the 1920s, which were considerable sums at the time. Results from Heritage Auctions for sales done between 2005 and 2019 show prices ranging from $4,000 to $22,500. In a 2017 Bonhams auction, Desert at dusk (1928) with dimensions of sold for $35,000. , works by Nicols are part of the permanent collections of museums such as the Phoenix Art Museum, Tucson Museum of Art, and El Paso Museum of Art. Paintings Further reading References External links 1875 births 1941 deaths Painters from Pittsburgh American male painters Art Students League of New York alumni People associated with the Metropolitan Museum of Art American magazine illustrators

10438080

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Ustinov

Alexander Ustinov

Alexander "Sasha" Ustinov (; born 7 December 1976) is a Russian professional boxer, former kickboxer and mixed martial artist. In boxing, he has challenged once for the WBA (Regular) heavyweight title in 2017. Ustinov currently resides in Minsk, Belarus, but remains a Russian citizen and competes under the Russian flag. Kickboxing career In 2003 after winning K-1 Moscow Grand Pix with three consecutive KO's Alexander Ustinov earned his spot at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2003 in Paris. In quarter finals he met Gregory Tony and won the fight by a second-round TKO. In the semi-final he stepped into the ring against his own sparring partner Alexey Ignashov and after the hard-fought battle the judges ruled the fight for Ignashov's favor. In December 2003 he continued his strong performances at the tournaments winning the K-1 Spain GP in Barcelona. On 7 August 2004 Alexander Ustinov was invited to participate at K-1 World GP 2004 Battle of Bellagio II. On his biggest tournament of his career, he was matched up against the towering South African fighter Jan "The Giant" Nortje. Alexander Ustinov won the battle but unfortunately was unable to continue due to a deep laceration on his shin and was replaced by the American Scott Lighty. In 2005 he won two more K-1 tournaments in Milan, Italy and Lommel, Belgium as well as made his professional boxing debut. Professional boxing career Alexander Ustinov made his professional boxing debut on 13 May 2005 at the age of 29. He scored a second round TKO win in his first bout. On 26 February 2009, he won the EBF heavyweight title by stopping Ukrainian Maksym Pedyura in five rounds. Ustinov made two successful defences of that title against Italian Paolo Vidoz and Russian Denis Bakhtov. In his 19th professional contest he defeated American future heavyweight title challenger Monte Barrett by unanimous decision. Usitnov vs. Pulev Ustinov suffered his first defeat in his 28th contest to Bulgarian Kubrat Pulev via 11th round knockout in September 2009. Ustinov vs. Tua In 2013, he scored the biggest win of his career by outpointing hard punching New Zealander-Samoan David Tua, which was the final fight of Tua's career as he announced his retirement after the fight. Ustinov vs. Charr On 25 November 2017, he unsuccessfully challenged for the WBA (Regular) heavyweight title, losing a unanimous decision to Syrian Manuel Charr. On 26 July 2014, he was to scheduled to fight Tyson Fury as a late replacement for the injured Derek Chisora. However, Tyson Fury pulled out of the fight due to the ill health and eventual death of his uncle, Hughie Fury. Ustinov vs. Hunter On 24 November, 2018, Ustinov faced Michael Hunter. Hunter scored two knockdowns over Ustinov and won the fight via TKO in the ninth round. Ustinov vs. Joyce On 18 May, 2019, Ustinov faced WBC #15 at heavyweight, Joe Joyce. Joyce's power was too much for Ustinov, as Joyce dominated him en route to a third round TKO victory. Titles Boxing WBA International heavyweight champion EBA (European Boxing Association) heavyweight champion Kickboxing World Full Contact Association 2006 WFCA Super Heavyweight World title International Federation of Muaythai Amateur 2006 IFMA World Amateur Champion K-1 2006 K-1 Fighting Network in Marseilles Champion 2005 K-1 Italy Oktagon Champion 2004 K-1 Poland Champion 2003 K-1 Spain Grand Prix in Barcelona Champion 2003 K-1 World Grand Prix Preliminary Moscow Champion World Kickboxing Network 2004 WKN European Muay Thai Champion World Kickboxing Federation 2003 WKBF Golden Panther Cup (+91 kg) Champion International Amateur Muay Thai Federation 2003 IAMTF World Amateur Muay Thai Champion Kickboxing record Mixed martial arts record Professional boxing record References External links Alexander Ustinov profile at K-1 Alexander Ustinov - Profile, News Archive & Current Rankings at Box.Live 1976 births Living people Heavyweight boxers Russian male kickboxers Heavyweight kickboxers Russian male mixed martial artists Super heavyweight mixed martial artists Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai Russian Muay Thai practitioners Sportspeople from Novosibirsk Russian male boxers Russian expatriate sportspeople in Belarus

39347933

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gille%20de%20Vlieg

Gille de Vlieg

Gille de Vlieg (born 26 July 1940) is a photographer and anti-apartheid activist. She was born in England and moved to South Africa with her mother when she was 3 years old. During apartheid she was a member of both the Black Sash and one of the few women members of the Afrapix photography collective. Her images have been published in newspapers, magazines and books nationally and internationally. Unlike many of her counterparts, de Vlieg received little public acclaim for her work up until recently. About her work, she says, "I wanted to make a contribution to an alternative view of South Africa, a view not seen on the South African TV screen then." Her images cover the following topics: land removals, rural lifestyle, township lifestyle, gender lifestyle, United Democratic Front (UDF), anti-harassment campaign, police violence, protests against death penalty, funerals, Black Sash, protests against incorporation into Bophuthatswana; Release Mandela Campaign, End Conscription Campaign (ECC), conscientious objectors, African National Congress (ANC) Welcome Home Rally, Day of the Vow (Geloftedag), street children, and homeless people. Life Gille de Vlieg was born Gillian Ruth Hemson in Plymouth, England in 1940 during a Nazi bombing raid on the city. After losing their home in a later bombing raid, she and her mother relocated to Durban, South Africa in February 1944. Her father had been sent by the Admiralty (Royal Navy) to work on radar installations at the Simon's Town Naval Base and later on Salisbury Island, Durban. In 1958, de Vlieg was trained as a nurse at Greys Hospital in Pietermaritzburg. After finishing her diploma, she worked in London and met her first husband, Iain Paton Millar, a journalist. After a short period in Katanga Province of the DRC she moved to Johannesburg in 1963, where her daughters Ruth and Katherine were born. Katherine died when nine months old and her marriage to Iain disintegrated just prior to the birth of her son, Andrew. She lived for a time in Botha's Hill and Durban where she met and married Rob de Vlieg, a sail maker. They moved back to Johannesburg to set up his business in 1975. It was not until 1982 that she joined the Johannesburg Black Sash as a volunteer and she was soon put onto their regional committee and became a vice-chairperson. It was during the height of student riots in Tembisa in 1984 that Gille de Vlieg first made contact with Greg Thulare, an organiser for COSAS in Tembisa. She was slowly introduced to the politics of the UDF and ANC during this time. One of her responsibilities at Black Sash was to work with rural communities which were threatened with removal to the homelands, and she soon became interested in taking photos. When Paul Weinberg asked her to join Afrapix, she replied, "Okay, I will come to work for Afrapix, but I'm not working as a secretary, I want to be a photographer." She had a camera and a couple of lenses but knew very little about photography. Paul Weinberg taught her how to process the film and Cedric Nunn taught her how to print. She quickly realised she could use photography as a means of protest. The next several years she spent documenting various townships and rural areas mostly in the former Transvaal. As it was then illegal for a white woman to enter the black townships, she lied to get a permit from the Tembisa Council and eventually was allowed into Tembisa under the guise of taking pictures for Anglo American. While working in Tembisa, she met other members of COSAS including Debra Marakalala, Sipho (Sandile) Qwabe, Tshepo Mphuti and Reuben Mahlagare. Trust developed between them and de Vlieg. Her house in the safe northern suburbs of Johannesburg was often used as a hideout when the police were looking for COSAS activists. In June 1986, de Vlieg was arrested after a raid on her house, initially under Section 50 of the Internal Security Act, and taken to John Vorster Square and then to the Hillbrow police station for thirty-seven days. De Vlieg now lives on the KwaZulu-Natal North Coast. Photography Gille de Vlieg was an activist before she was a photographer, coming to photography through her work with the Black Sash. Many of her images formed part of the Afrapix monthly packages sent to various European organisations to support the fight against Apartheid. The Gille de Vlieg photographic collection is included in the on-line South African History Archive and contains 581 black and white digital images. She is also one of two women featured in Beyond the Barricades. In 2014 she was nominated as a finalist of the Mbokodo Awards. Collective exhibitions 2012 – Rise and Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the Bureaucracy of Everyday Life – International Centre of Photography, New York City, NY 2012 – NUMSA 2011 – Photography 1950 – 2010 – Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria 2009 – End Conscription Campaign (ECC) 2002 – Shooting Resistance: South African Photography 1976 – 1994 – Axis Gallery Inc., New York City, NY 1990 – Malibongwe – Netherlands 1989 – Radda Barnen – Sweden 1987 – Taking Sides in South America – TPW – Toronto Photographers Workshop, Toronto, ON 1985 – People's Portraits – South African National Gallery Individual shows 2012 – 'Hidden from View: Community Carers and HIV in Rural South Africa' held at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, produced in co-operation with Amnesty International 2009 – 'Rising Up Together' at Durban Art Gallery premiering at the National Arts Festival in Grahamstown 2006 – 'Rising Up' at Constitution Hill, Johannesburg, opened by former Constitutional Court judge, Kate O'Regan Publications Vukhani Makhozikazi (1985) Beyond the Barricades (1989) Women by Women: '50 Years of Women's Photography in South Africa' (2006) References 1940 births Living people South African photographers Black Sash

52033397

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio%20Suisse

Bio Suisse

Bio Suisse is the main organisation of organic agriculture in Switzerland. This umbrella organization counts 33 organic farmers' associations among its members, as well as the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL. It notably manages the guidelines of the organic label "Bio Suisse". It was founded in 1981 and, as federation of the Swiss organic farmers, represents the interest of about 7,560 agricultural businesses (regularly inspected by independent bodies).Organic market share continues to grow (in german) It also certifies around 1300 processing companies. The organic label "Bio Suisse" is widely distributed in Switzerland, for instance through organic food shops, farmers markets and the largest supermarkets chains: Coop Naturaplan and Migros Bio. As of 2022, 17,4 percent of Swiss farms are organic and the organic market in Switzerland share to almost 11 percent. Imports will be permitted only if domestic production is not possible (e.g. coffee), not sufficient (e.g. cereals) from Swiss Bud farmers or has already been sold. The products are processed mainly in Switzerland. Fresh products from overseas are only permitted in exceptional cases (e.g. mangoes or bananas). Vegetables are sourced in Europe and/or from Mediterranean countries, even in winter. Imports by air are prohibited. Nearby foreign countries are preferred for imports. In 2021, over 2’500 farms/producer groups abroad were certified to Bio Suisse regulations. Most of them are located in Europe. Cereals and animal feed are the products most commonly imported in terms of volume. In 2023, Bio Suisse introduced the "Bio Cuisine" label. Bio Cuisine stands for more sustainability in gastronomy. "Bio Cuisine" identifies restaurants and businesses with a relevant proportion of Bud products. Guidelines and Certification The Bio Suisse guidelines are based on the Organic Farming Ordinance, but go beyond it in many respects, such as plant protection, animal feed, processing and social standards. The "Bud", the Bio Suisse organic label stands for: Holistic - organic for the whole farm and for the whole product processing Biodiversity - diverse habitats for plants and animals Animal welfare - species-appropriate fodder, animal-friendly stable, plenty of exercise and pasture (tethered stables are permitted) if the animals can move regularly outdoors. Resource conservation - renunciation of chemical-synthetic pesticides and artificial fertilizers. Protection of soil, water, air and climate. Taste - gentle processing, free of aroma and colourings, authentic product Confidence - strict controls, renunciation of genetic engineering, strict regulations for imports Fairness - Guidelines for social requirements and fair trade The operations in Switzerland are inspected by the state-approved organic inspection bodies Bio.inspecta, Bio-Test Agro, Pro Cert or IMO. Companies of foreign suppliers are inspected at the request of a licensee if he does not find the products in Switzerland or does not find them in sufficient quantity. These companies must comply with the Bio Suisse Organic guidelines, which are equivalent to the Bio Suisse guidelines for Switzerland; supplemented by some requirements such as sustainable water use in areas with scarce water resources. The annual inspections of the farms are carried out by accredited inspection bodies on site. On the basis of these inspection reports, the International Certification Bio Suisse (ICB AG) and bio.inspecta assess the conformity of the processes and practices of the farms with the requirements of Bio Suisse and issue a Bio Suisse Organic Certificate if fulfilled. This is the most important prerequisite for importing organic products into Switzerland for sale with the "Bud" label. Requirements for import The Bio Suisse Standards differ from minimum governmental regulations in several important respects, e. g. those of the EU (see the information note Summary of the Bio Suisse Standards for producers outside of Switzerland). Especially noteworthy are: The whole-farm approach, the establishment of areas dedicated to the enhancement of biodiversity, and rigorous limits on the intensity of fertilization and on the use of copper. As an importer of organic products to be marketed with the "Bud" a Swiss importer must hold a valid licence contract with Bio Suisse and the import licence for the corresponding products. Also the suppliers must be certified according to Bio Suisse Standards (throughout all levels of trade from cultivation to export). Furthermore, the provisions of the Swiss Ordinance on Organic Farming SR 910.18 must be complied with in any case. These requirements are listed in detail in the Import manual, the guide for the import of organic products to be marketed with the "Bud". See also Agriculture in Switzerland Environmental movement in Switzerland EU-Eco-regulation International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (member) Organic aquaculture Research Institute of Organic Agriculture References External links Official website Organic food certification organizations Organic farming in Switzerland Agricultural organisations based in Switzerland 1981 establishments in Switzerland Organisations based in Basel

3999940

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yes%20L.A.

Yes L.A.

Yes L.A. is a six-song compilation EP featuring first-generation Californian punk rock bands. It was also the final release of the short-lived but influential Dangerhouse Records label. Overview A one-sided picture disc released at the twilight of the early Los Angeles punk scene, Yes L.A. features some of its most acclaimed bands: the Bags, the Eyes, the Alley Cats, Black Randy and the Metrosquad, X, and the Germs. The record title makes parody of No New York, the seminal no wave compilation album issued a year earlier, perceived as pretentious by West Coast punkers. The EP even included a satirical disclaimer printed on the disc saying: "Not produced by Brian Eno". The compilation includes a 1978 rawer early version of X's song "Los Angeles", described by Dangerhouse Records co-founder David Brown as "a scathing, literal depiction of the scene which needs no explanation". The record also features a rare alternate mix of the Germs' "No God", a song originally produced by Geza X for the EP Lexicon Devil, previously released in May 1978. The Yes L.A. EP has become highly sought after by record collectors. Production and release Yes L.A. was mastered by Jeff Sanders at Crystal Sound Studios in Hollywood, California. All songs on the compilation were previously unissued, with the only exception of Black Randy and the Metrosquad's tune "Down at the Laundrymat", featured on the band's studio album Pass the Dust, I Think I'm Bowie from July 1979. Yes L.A. was originally released in August 1979 on Dangerhouse Records, in a limited edition of 2,000 copies pressed on 12-inch clear vinyl discs. Artwork and packaging Designed by Pat Garrett, the record artwork was silkscreened by hand on the ungrooved side of each single disc, with one of three different color combinations, namely, green/black, green/blue, and green/red. Some of those copies were misprinted. Examples include discs with text only, with the background image in front of the text, or the image and text on the side with the grooves, rendering such a record unplayable. Some non-silkscreened black vinyl test pressings are known to exist. Original copies came without a sleeve, instead packaged in a clear plastic bag with a white cardboard backing. Reissues At some point during the 1990s, the rights to Yes L.A. (and the entire Dangerhouse Records catalog) were acquired by Frontier Records. In June 2013, after 34 years out of print, Yes L.A. was reissued by Frontier in a one-time limited edition of 1,000 almost exact replicas of the original EP to commemorate the label's 100th release. Track listing Where it is necessary, songwriting credits are listed in the format lyrics/music. Personnel Bags Alicia Armendariz (pka Alice Bag) – vocals Patricia Morrison (pka Pat Bag) – bass Craig Lee (pka Craig Bag) – guitar Rob Ritter – guitar Terry Graham (pka Terry Dad Bag) – drums Eyes Joe Ramirez – vocals, guitar Jimmy Leach – bass, backing vocals Joe Nanini – drums David Brown – organ The Alley Cats Randy Stodola – vocals, guitar Dianne Chai – vocals, bass John McCarthy – drums Black Randy and the Metrosquad Black Randy – vocals Bob Deadwyler – guitar Keith Barrett (aka KK Barrett) – drums Pat Garrett – bass David Brown – electric piano John Duchac (pka John Doe) – percussions (wastebasket) X Exene Cervenka – vocals Billy Zoom – guitar John Doe – bass, vocals Don Bonebrake – drums Germs Darby Crash – vocals Pat Smear – guitar Lorna Doom – bass Nicky Beat – drums Don Bolles – backing vocals and hand clapping Pat Delaney – backing vocals and hand clapping Production Dangerhouse – production (track 4), co-production (1 to 3, 5), remixing (6) Geza X – production (6), co-production (1) Eyes – co-production (2) Randy Stodola – co-production (3) Jimmy Nanos – co-production (5), engineering (5) Pat Rand (Pat Garrett) – co-production (5), graphic design X – co-production (5) Mike Hamilton – engineering (4) Jeff Sanders – mastering See also 1979 in music Punk rock in California Notes References External links "Frontier Reissues Rare Punk Classic: Yes LA EP!". Frontier Records. Regional music compilation albums 1979 compilation albums Punk rock compilation albums Music of Los Angeles Dangerhouse Records compilation albums

60351458

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lily%20Sosa%20de%20Newton

Lily Sosa de Newton

Lily Sosa de Newton (October 24, 1920 — May 14, 2017) was an Argentine historian, biographer and essayist. She was a pioneer in historical research on relevant Argentine women in different fields. She also wrote numerous biographies of historical figures.<ref name="cla">{{cite web|url=http://edant.clarin.com/diario/1998/05/04/e-05702d.htm|title=Una vida dedicada a la investigación]|date=1998-04-05|access-date=2019-03-28|language=es|trans-title=RETIRED: LILY SOSA DE NEWTON, HISTORIAN, BIOGRAPHY AND ASSISTANT}}</ref> First Years She was born on October 24, 1920, in Morón Province of Buenos Aires, a few kilometres from the capital. It was there where her paternal and maternal grandparents lived and where her parents had married. She had an older brother and a younger sister. Then they moved to the city of Buenos Aires, where she studied, first in the Liceo No. 1 and then as a teacher in the 'colegio de Adoratrices'. In 1938 she met Jorge Newton, journalist and writer. Later on she married this renowned Argentine historian, who urged her to investigate and write. They wrote together some titles in co-authorship, both books and newspaper articles. In 1941, newly married, they went to live in Santa Fe because her husband had been appointed editor of a new newspaper, Santa Fe de Hoy. They lived there for three years. Career Lily Sosa de Newton was a pioneer in visualising women and wrote the Biographical Dictionary of Argentine Women'' in 1970, when no one dealt with these issues. She wrote her first essay Las Argentinas de ayer y hoy' (the Argentinian women from then and today) which had a very favorable review in all newspapers. She became a member of the SADE and that year she won the 'Faja de Honor' in the Essay category. The Editorial Plus Ultra, which published books by Jorge Newton-a series about the caudillos of the provinces- proposed her to write about characters in Argentine history such as Lavalle, Dorrego and Paz, among others. In a few years, she published those three biographies, and also that of Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid. Excited with the success of 'Las Argentinas de ayer y hoy, she faced a very arduous work, which was the Biographical Dictionary of Argentine Women. On the basis of the file of names, which she had done for her previous essay, she began to write biographies of all the most outstanding historical female characters, from the world of literature, art, education and politics. She won the first prize in the contest of EUDEBA (Editorial University of Buenos Aires) for the Collection "Genius and Figure" with her book on Hilario Ascasubi, published in 1980, and the Honorable Mention Award "Ricardo Rojas" in Buenos Aires. She published 'Narradoras argentinas' (1852-1932) in 1995 and in 1999 'Las protagonistas', a collection of short biographies of international characters. In 2007, 'Las Argentinas y su historia' was published. It was an essay published with the support of the BA Culture Fund (Metropolitan Program for the Promotion of Culture, Arts and Sciences), of the Government of the city of Buenos Aires. She participated in congresses and diverse meetings about history and feminine problems and her work has been published in acts and collective works, as well as collaborations in magazines and newspapers. She worked until 1998 as press and public relations director of Editorial Plus Ultra. She participated in graphic media, television and radio. She died on May 14, 2017, at Ciudadela. Books (with Jorge Newton). (junto a Jorge Newton). Reedited by Plus Ultra in 1980 References 20th-century Argentine women Argentine biographers Argentine women historians 20th-century Argentine historians Argentine essayists Argentine women essayists 1920 births 2017 deaths Argentine women biographers 21st-century Argentine historians

57230266

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances%20Ligler

Frances Ligler

Frances S. Ligler (born June 11, 1951) is a biochemist and bioengineer who was a 2017 inductee of the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Ligler's research dramatically improved the effectiveness of biosensors while at the same time reducing their size and increasing automation. Her work on biosensors made it easier to detect toxins and pathogens in food, water, or when airborne. In a 2017 interview, Ligler summarized her work: "Optical biosensors is a whole field where biological molecules are being used for recognition and transduce an optical signal to a small device. My teams and I demonstrated the use of optical biosensors for detection of pathogens in food, infectious diseases in people, biological warfare agents, environmental pollutants, explosives and drugs of abuse — things that can kill you." Ligler's interests include microfluidics, tissue on chips, optical analytical devices, biosensors and nanotechnology. Ligler holds 37 patents and has authored over 400 scientific papers. Biography Ligler received a B.S. from Furman University and a D.Phil. and D.Sc. from Oxford University. In 1986, she joined the US Naval Research Laboratory, where she developed sensors to detect anthrax and botulinum toxin that were deployed during Operation Desert Storm. In 2013, she left the US Naval Research Laboratory to become the Lampe Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering in the Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She received honorary doctorates from the Agricultural University of Athens, Greece in 2014 and from Furman University in 2018. In 2022, she became Professor and Eppright Chair in Biomedical Engineering at Texas A&M University. Awards and honors 1992, Office of National Drug Control Policy Technology Transfer Award for Drug Enforcement 1993, Hillebrand Prize, Chemical Society of Washington, D.C. 1997, U.S. Women in Science and Engineering (WISE) Scientific Achievement Award 2000, Fellow, SPIE 2000, Navy Superior Civilian Service Award 2003, Christopher Columbus Foundation Homeland Security Award (Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Field) 2003, Presidential Rank of Distinguished Senior Professional, awarded by President George W. Bush 2005, Elected Member, U.S. National Academy of Engineering 2006, Distinguished Furman Alumni of the 20th Century 2009, Partnership for Public Service's Service to America Medals Finalist, Career Achievement 2012, Presidential Rank of Meritorious Senior Professional, awarded by President Barack H. Obama 2012, Elected Fellow, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering 2013, Elected Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science 2014, Honorary doctorate, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece 2016, Carl Kohrt Distinguished Alumni Award, Furman University 2016, Elected Fellow, National Academy of Inventors 2017, Award for Distinguished Service in the Advancement of Analytical Chemistry, ACS Division of Analytical Chemistry 2017, Honorary Member, Hellenic Society for Nanotechnology in Health Sciences 2017, Inductee, National Inventors Hall of Fame 2018, Honorary doctorate, Furman University 2020, Simon Ramo Founders Award, National Academy of Engineering 2022, National Award in Analytical Chemistry, American Chemical Society 2023, Power List - Innovators and Trailblazers, the Analytical Scientist References External links United States patent 5077210 for immobilization of active agents on substrates with a silane and heterobifunctional crosslinking agent 1951 births Living people Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering American women biochemists Furman University alumni Academics of the University of Oxford North Carolina State University faculty University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty American biomedical engineers American women academics 21st-century American women Texas A&M University

25971988

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plano-convex%20ingot

Plano-convex ingot

Plano-convex ingots are lumps of metal with a flat or slightly concave top and a convex base. They are sometimes, misleadingly, referred to as bun ingots which imply the opposite concavity. They are most often made of copper, although other materials such as copper alloy, lead and tin are used. The first examples known were from the Near East during the 3rd and 2nd Millennia BC. By the end of the Bronze Age they were found throughout Europe and in Western and South Asia. Similar ingot forms continued in use during later Roman and Medieval periods. Manufacture Traditionally bun ingots were seen as a primary product of smelting, forming at the base of a furnace beneath a layer of less dense slag. However, experimental reconstruction of copper smelting showed that regular plano-convex ingots are difficult to form within the smelting furnace, producing only small ingots or copper prills that need to be remelted. High purity copper bun ingots found in Late Bronze Age Britain and the Mediterranean seem to have undergone a secondary refining procedure. The metallographic structure and high iron compositions of some plano-convex ingots suggest that they are the product of primary smelting. Tylecote suggested that Roman plano-convex copper ingots may have been formed by tapping both slag and copper in one step into a mould or pit outside the furnace. A similar process was described by Agricola in book IX of his De Re Metallica and has been replicated experimentally. Structure Although all bun ingots share the same basic morphology, the details of their form and the texture of their convex base is dependent on the mould in which they cooled. Bun ingots made in purpose-dug depressions in sand can be highly variable in form even on the same site, whereas ingots cast in reusable moulds will form sets of identical “mould siblings”. The composition of the metal and its cooling conditions affect structure. As the ingot cools gases are released giving the upper surface a “blistered” texture and if cooling takes place outside of the furnace, the outer surface often becomes oxidised. Casting in a warm mould or reheating furnace gives the ingot an even columnar structure running in the direction of cooling, whereas ingots cast in a cold mould have a distinctive two stage cooling structure with an outer chilled layer reflecting the rapid cooling of the bottom when it came into contact with the mould. A slightly concave upper surface can be produced if the top of the ingot cools more slowly than the bottom. Britain Late Bronze Age By the Late Bronze Age, the copper bun ingot, either in a simple form or with a hole in its center, had become the main form of copper ingot, replacing the earlier ‘bar ingot’ or rippenbarre. Weights of complete examples average ~4 kg, but examples of up to about 7 kg are known. Many early finds of British LBA bun ingots were unstratified but recently bun-shaped ingots and ingot fragments have been found in hoards alongside bronze artifacts and scrap metal. Several offshore finds of probable LBA date suggest that copper bun ingots may have been traded by sea during this period. Composition and Structure The copper is of high purity, although earlier examples are sometimes composed of arsenical copper. Tylecote suggested that they are not primary smelting products and instead were refined and recast. The macrostructure of a half section example from Gillan, Cornwall shows a columnar structure that probably indicates slow cooling in a reheating furnace or a warm mold, rather than from pouring into a cold mold. Iron Age and Roman period A second major group of British bun ingots date to the Roman period and are found mostly in the copper-rich highland areas of Wales and in Scotland. They are heavier than the LBA examples, with weights ranging between 12 and 22 kg. Some have stamps clearly dating them to the Roman period including an example that reads SOCIO ROMAE NATSOL. The term "socio" suggests that the ingots were cast by a private company rather than by the state. Fraser Hunter reassessed the context of the Scottish examples and some of the unstamped Welsh examples and argues that they could in fact date to the Iron Age or at least reflect native rather than Roman copper working. Although ingots of any sort are not common in the British Iron Age, planoconvex or bun-shaped ingots exist, e.g. a tin ingot discovered within the Iron Age hillfort at Chun Castle, Cornwall. Composition and Structure of Roman Ingots The Roman Bun Ingots are less pure than the earlier LBA examples and Tylecote suggests that they may be a direct product of smelting. Theoretically such an ingot could be formed in the base of the furnace. However, this is problematic in the case of the stamped examples as this would require the furnace to be dismantled or else have a short shaft to allow access for stamping. As a solution the furnace could have been tapped into a mould at the completion of smelting. It is possible that both methods were used as several of the ingots seem to have had additional metal poured onto the top in order to allow stamping. References Sources Metallurgy Casting (manufacturing)

65325191

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe%20Sidewalk%20Vending%20Act

Safe Sidewalk Vending Act

The Safe Sidewalk Vending Act is a 2018 California law decriminalizing street vending and legalizing street vending under certain conditions. The purpose of SB 946 is to decriminalize and legalize street vending throughout the state. The proposal defines “sidewalk vendor” as a person who sells merchandise or food from a pushcart, stand, display, pedal-driven cart, wagon, showcase, rack, or other non-motorized conveyance on a sidewalk or pedestrian path. SB 946 states a vendor can be a “roaming sidewalk vendor”, which is someone who moves around to vend, or a “stationary vendor”, someone who just stays in one place to vend. SB 946 applies to charter cities in terms of local authority. The purpose of SB 946 is to let local law enforcement not fine or regulate street vendors where sidewalk traffic is light and is not infringing upon activity within the area. If local authorities wish to regulate sidewalk vending, they have to be consistent with SB 946. If a city does not have any sidewalk vending legislations and wishes to implement new ones, they also have to be consistent with SB 946. If local authorities have regulations that are consistent with SB 946, no further action is needed. If they have regulations that are not consistent with SB 946, adjustments to these laws will have to be adjusted. Any sidewalk vending regulations that are adopted or enforced by local authority must follow specific standards "SB 946 also imposes time, place, and manner restrictions on sidewalk street vending." A local authority is not required to enforce all or some of these restrictions. If any additional restrictions other than the ones above are to be enforced, it must be directly related to objective health, safety, or welfare concerns. "SB 946 allows but does not require a permitting program for local sidewalk vendors." These programs must accept specific ID documents in lieu of a social security number. The collected number is confidential. SB 946 does not limit or affect any state food safety laws, including the California retail food code. SB 946 does not allow any criminal charges, but may allow administrative fines. A violation of the local authority's vending programs is only punishable by the following fines: $100 for the first violation, $200 for the second violation, and $500 for any additional violation within one year of the first violation. If the local authority requires a vending program, the authorities can impose higher fines for vending without a permit: $250 for the first violation, $500 for the second violation, and $1000 for any additional violation within one year of the first violation. On the fourth and any subsequent violation, the local authority can rescind a permit. SB 946 applies to any pending criminal charges or vindicates any prior convictions. Controversy Vendor Cooperation While the intent of SB 946 is to aid in the “important entrepreneurship and economic development opportunities” street vending may bring to low-income and immigrant communities, the inability to prosecute vendors with criminal charges has led to issues surrounding vendor cooperation. Despite the passing of city ordinances that require vendors to receive permits and follow certain regulations, some vendors “have chosen to ignore these regulations and bypass the permitting program”. A lack of vendor cooperation has led some cities to create stricter ordinances in hopes of gaining compliance through larger fines, relocations, or confiscation of “stalls and wares”. Health Permit In many California cities, the permitting process required of vendors may also include receiving a food handler health permit, a document certifying the safe preparation of food by vendors. Outdated state retail food code however has caused issues for vendors seeking to comply with these regulations. In an effort to solve this issue, Senate Bill 972 was passed by the California Senate in order to update the food code to simplify the requirements for street vendors. Specifically, the bill introduces street vending into the food code and limits the equipment requirements originally established for food trucks. References Further reading </ref> Street vendors California statutes

62397932

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggwijaengi%20myeoneuri

Banggwijaengi myeoneuri

Banggwijaengi myeoneuri (방귀쟁이 며느리 The Farting Daughter-in-law) is an orally transmitted Korean folk tale. It is the story of a Korean woman who produces loud destructive farts. When one fart severely damages her husband's house, his family throws her out. However, her flatulence later proves beneficial to the family and she is welcomed back.. History and transmission Banggwijaengi myeoneuri is recorded in almost 100 different versions in key oral tale collections including Hanguk gubi munhak daegye [한국구비문학대계 Outlines of Korean Oral Literature]. It is told throughout the Korean Peninsula. Plot Basic plot In a household long ago, the daughter-in-law looked sick and was growing thinner. When her in-laws got worried asked her what was wrong, she answered that it was because she could not fart. When they heard this, her mother- and father-in-law told her not to worry and urged her to fart freely. The daughter-in-law answered that her farts were extremely powerful. She urged the family to prepare thoroughly, telling her father-in-law to hold on to a column, her mother-in-law to the door, her husband to the kitchen door, and her sister-in-law to the rice pot. When she farted, it was so powerful that the house was badly damaged, with some parts flying off and other parts collapsing. When they saw the strength of her fart, her parents-in-law decided to send her back to her original family. She followed her father-in-law back there. On the way, they met a peddler. The daughter-in-law made a bet with him that she could pick some fruit from a tree. She got the fruit down by doing an enormous fart and received a good item from the peddler in return. When he saw this, her father-in-law realized that his daughter-in-law’s farts were useful and took her back to his house. Variations Variations on Banggwijaengi myeoneuri are broadly as follows. First are those variations where the story finishes when the daughter-in-law does a huge fart. Second are variations in which the fart blows away either just the parents-in-law or the parents-in-law and the husband, widowing the protagonist. Third are variations in which the story ends with the daughter-in-law being kicked out by her in-laws for farting. Fourthly are variations in which, instead of meeting a peddler on the way back to her blood family, the daughter-in-law farts to knock down some pears or daechu (jujubes) from high up in a tree for her father-in-law after he expresses a desire to eat them, then returns to her husband’s home. Finally, the wares sold by the peddler differ in some versions, with variations including brassware, silk, hemp cloth, sundries or wooden bowls. Features and significance Banggwijaengi myeoneuri is a folk tale but has mythical qualities. Firstly, the daughter-in-law, with farts powerful enough to send houses and people flying and strip fruit from high branches, resembles a female giant in a myth. The resounding farts she emits can be seen as an inheritance from excremental motifs in giant tales; among the various types of excretion, farting is one that induces particular mirth. Moreover, the way the daughter-in-law is expelled from her in-laws’ home before returning again can be seen as a kind of “rite of passage” whereby a daughter-in-law gains the acceptance of her husband’s family. Other Banggwijaengi myeoneuri is a type of “farter tale.” Such comedic tales include not only Banggwijaengi myeoneuri, with its flatulent daughter-in-law protagonist, but various other stories including those about competitions among farters, and those in which thieves are chased away by farts. References https://gubi.aks.ac.kr/web/VolView2_html5.asp?datacode=02_29_FOT_20150124_KJO_HHS_0003 https://gubi.aks.ac.kr/web/VolView1_html5.asp?ur10no=tsu_0311&ur20no=Q_0311_1_F_008 “Banggwijaengi myeoneuri” (방귀쟁이 며느리 The Farting Daughter-in-law), Hanguk gubi munhak daegye [한국구비문학대계 Outlines of Korean Oral Literature], https://gubi.aks.ac.kr/web/VolView1_html5.asp?ur10no=tsu_0781&ur20no=Q_0781_1_F_020 Korean folklore

23484498

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Before%20You%20Go%20%28film%29

Before You Go (film)

Before You Go is a 2002 comedy film directed by Lewis Gilbert (his final directorial effort). The imperfect lives of three sisters are revealed at their unloved mother's funeral. Plot Three sisters, Teresa, Mary and Catherine grew up on The Isle of Man, where their mother Violet has died. Teresa and her husband Frank live there, and they have been looking after her. They summon the other two sisters to return for the funeral. Teresa and Frank have a local vitamin and supplements business. He is her second husband, and is similar to their uncommunicative father. She constantly reminds her sisters that she and Frank have regularly helped their mother without their aid. Mary, a doctor, has been having a long-term affair with fellow physician Mike, who is married with children. Catherine hasn’t fared much better, presently dating a Spaniard, Javier. Mary has been placed by Teresa in their deceased mum’s bedroom. She regularly has visions and flashbacks of her while they are organising and preparing the funeral. Mary is searching for a box in the house that has a few of her things, but Teresa insists that she hasn’t seen it. Catherine is shown to be flighty and her sisters don’t take her seriously. She lives beyond her means—even though she’s in debt, she constantly buys on credit. She also is always looking for a fix. Catherine periodically pretends to faint etc to get attention. And finally, they never remember her ‘boyfriend’ or ‘fiancé’s’ name because she is constantly changing partners. Every time the phone rings, all three jump for it, until Frank and Mike turn up. Mary sisters meet Mike and recognise him for a regular spot on the BBC on medicine that he presents. Mary throws herself to her knees, and after having besought him to medicate her, she insists that she is in grief, although earlier in the film she showed indifference to her mother’s death. The next morning, Mary and Mike have a sexual interlude in the woods. Afterwards, she tells him she thinks she’s pregnant, but discovers he had a vasectomy years ago. They head back to the house, where Teresa and Catherine have benn drinking the liquor that they found as they sort out their mother's clothes to give away. They dance and frolic in her fancy dresses. Frank finally arrives. After meeting Mike, he goes down to the pub with Teresa. She asks if he’s been having an affair, only to find out he wants to quit selling supplements. Instead he wants to buy and run a pub, which angers her. Teresa concludes he hasn’t been upfront their whole relationship. When Frank and Teresa get back, everyone witnesses Catherine being dumped on the phone by Javier. In tears she says how lonely she is, explaining she gets taken advantage of, having slept with 78 different men to date. Later on, when Frank is trying to rest Catherine tries to get his sympathy, and makes a pass. The two couples walk into town to the pub. After some whisky, Teresa very loudly embarrasses them all. On their return, she talks about Mary’s teenage pregnancy, which no one else there knew about. Mike and Mary talk, and she reveals that the container she’s seeking contains the birth certificate for the child, Patrick. She’s hoping to make herself accessible in case her now-adult son wanted contact. Mike makes it clear he doesn’t want any more children. In the middle of the night Violet guides Mary to seek the tin in the garage. Teresa finds her and takes it, as she doesn't want her to see all the contents until the funeral the next day. Upon her insistence for details, it is revealed that Patrick died at 13 falling from a cliff. Mary had remembered her mother as brutal who, rather than stand by her when she became pregnant at 14, shouted at her and slapped her. She had held that moment in her mind, which had festered over the years until she hated her. But her memory plays tricks on her and it is not until finding the clipping that she remembers after the slap she had embraced and supported her. Cast Julie Walters as Teresa John Hannah as Mike Joanne Whalley as Mary Victoria Hamilton as Catherine Tom Wilkinson as Frank Patricia Hodge as Mother References External links 2002 films Films directed by Lewis Gilbert British comedy films 2002 comedy films 2000s English-language films 2000s British films English-language comedy films

39606963

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20of%20Bohane

City of Bohane

City of Bohane is the debut novel by Ireland's Kevin Barry. The book is set in the year 2053, in a world with minimal technology. It received largely positive reviews and won the 2013 International Dublin Literary Award. Synopsis City of Bohane is set in west Ireland in 2053. It features a world with minimal laws and technology where feuding gangs compete for control of the city of Bohane. There is public transit in the form of trams, but no cars. Characters write letters rather than phone and music is broadcast on wind up radios. Characters dress in flamboyant clothes and talk in an invented dialect. Barry describes it as a "demented malevolent" world inspired by what "homicidal teenage hipsters" might sound like in 40 years. "It's written in Technicolor," he explains. "It's intended to be a big, visceral entertainment as well as a serious language experiment." The book is influenced by American television, featuring short chapters and "an awful lot" of dialogue. "There's no question that the best long-form fiction being written now is probably in American television," explains Barry. "Maybe it's time novels started stealing something back [from television]." The geography of the fictional Bohane is based on Porto, Portugal where Barry was holidaying when he got the idea for the novel. City of Bohane tracks the lives of the Hartnett Fancy gang which controls most of Bohane. Logan Hartnett runs the family, but is heavily influenced by his 90-year-old mother. A feud between the Hartnett family and the Cusack family begins when a Cusack gets "reefed" (stabbed). Reinforcements arrive and the feud turns into an all out battle for control of the city. Reception Writing for The Guardian, Scarlett Thomas said City of Bohane shows Barry is a "writer of great promise." She says he "is a great storyteller", and calls the novel's twists and turns "satisfying, if, in places, familiar". The characters have all different voices, she says. Thomas called the novel's plot and Barry's invented vernacular "a wonderful blend of past, present and imagined future." A review published in Metro called City of Bohane an "exuberant, spine-tinglingly atmospheric creation". The novel has a variety of influences and is "a highly entertaining place to lose yourself in," writes the Metro reviewer. "The Bohane lingo takes a little while to settle into but it's worth the work," he adds. On November 5, 2019, the BBC News listed City of Bohane on its list of the 100 "most inspiring" novels. Awards City of Bohane won the prestigious International Dublin Literary Award in 2013. "Kevin Barry's Ireland of 2053 is a place you may not want to be alive in, but you'll certainly relish reading about," remarked the judging panel. City of Bohane beat out 153 other titles nominated by libraries around the world for the prize. The International Dublin Literary Award is open to novels from any country that were written in English, or have been translated into it. The ten finalists for the award came from eight countries. Five of the ten were first published in a language other than English. The award carries a €100,000 prize, making it one of the richest literary prizes in the world. Barry became the third Irish author to win the prize, joining Colm Toibin who won in 2006 with The Master and Colum McCann who won in 2011 with Let the Great World Spin. "The fact that this award originates with the libraries is what makes it very special for me," remarked Barry. He said he has no plans to spend the money. As a writer, he explains, "you have good years and lean years. This award makes it a good year. It buys you a lot of time to be sitting at your desk, inventing deranged little worlds. It allows you to keep going – that's the definition of success for a writer." Lord Mayor of Dublin and award patron, Naoise Ó Muirí remarked "I'm thrilled to see an Irish author of such immense talent take home this year's award." City of Bohane also won the Authors' Club First Novel Award in 2012, and was shortlisted in the First Novel category at the 2011 Costa Book Awards. References 2011 Irish novels Fiction set in 2053 Irish fantasy novels Novels set in Ireland Works by Kevin Barry (author) 2011 debut novels Jonathan Cape books

31459908

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Dewhirst

Edward Dewhirst

Edward Dewhirst (30 August 1815 – 4 February 1904) was a well-known South Australian minister of religion and educationist, born in Suffolk, England. His five children were also prominent in business and public life. Early years Edward Dewhirst was born in 1815, the third son of Rev. Charles Dewhirst, Independent (as Congregationalists often styled themselves) minister of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England. He was educated there at King Edward VI Grammar School, having classics instruction from the headmaster John William Donaldson. In 1833 he was articled to a surgeon and started studying medicine, but in 1836 sailed for Jamaica in the West Indies where he worked for two or three years, and made the acquaintance of Rev. Matthew Henry Hodge. He suffered from a fever, and returned to England, where he studied to become a Nonconformist minister under John Pye-Smith at Homerton College, Cambridge. In 1849 Dewhirst married Mary Ann, the eldest daughter of the Rev. Thomas Jarvis of Saint Helier, Jersey, Channel Islands. In Australia He emigrated to Victoria in 1853, where he worked as a Baptist minister, moving to South Australia in 1855 as a minister, first Baptist then Congregational at the Ebenezer Place church and filling in as Classics master at J. L. Young's Adelaide Educational Institution. His wife followed, arriving in the Libertas in 1857, accompanied by two sisters. He received a licence to perform marriages in January 1857, but relinquished it in October 1858 when he joined the literary staff of The Register. One of his duties was writing for Farm and Garden, which must have suited him as he was a keen gardener. In August 1860 he was appointed second Inspector of Schools with the South Australian Education Department, where his kindly ways endeared him to both staff and students, although his philosophy of sound learning in a few subjects was at odds with the prevailing trend of less intense teaching over a broad range. When J. A. Hartley, who had similar ideas, was made Inspector-General of Schools he was promoted to Senior Inspector of Schools. In June 1891 he retired to the Adelaide Hills town of Nairne, where he was able to indulge his passions for literature, cricket and gardening, and became a valued member of the community, dying there in 1904. Family life His wife Mary Ann Dewhirst (7 November 1823 – 17 August 1913) was born in Saint Helier where they married. She followed him to Adelaide in 1857. She was for many years deaconess of the North Adelaide Baptist Church and taught at their women's Bible class. They had five children: Edward Nicolle Dewhirst (ca.1851 – 12 September 1935), born at Guernsey, Channel Islands, was manager of the National Bank at Port Adelaide. He was educated at Adelaide Educational Institution and St. Peter's College, went farming at Modbury, worked for the Public Stores Department and worked in Port Darwin for three years, returning in 1875. He had booked his return passage on the , but a delay in issuing his papers forced him to miss this ill-fated voyage, probably saving his life. At the age of around 25 he joined the Adelaide branch of the National Bank, and by 1894 was manager of the Port Adelaide branch, retiring in 1914. Edward was a fine baritone and was a choirmaster at Port Augusta Presbyterian Church; was a member and past president of the Port Adelaide Orpheus Society. He was for several years president of the Port Adelaide Institute. He was an enthusiastic yachtsman and raced the yacht Doris which he built in his backyard at Port Augusta. He was a member and one-time commodore of the Royal South Australian Yacht Squadron. On 6 May 1878 he married Emily Ward (ca.1854 – 25 April 1879), third daughter of Thomas Ward, City Coroner. On 16 February 1881, he married Annie Rosina Rumball (ca.1861 – 3 June 1941) of Port Augusta, but originally from Canada. Marianna Dewhirst, later Mrs. J. Langdon Parsons (1852 – 31 December 1937) 4 August 1877 she married the Rev. (later Hon.) John Langdon Parsons (died 21 August 1903) Evangeline Dewhirst, later Mrs. H. Hayes Norman (ca.1854 – 28 April 1932) 24 April 1877 she married Dr. Herbert Hayes Norman, D.D.S. (died 19 January 1920) Thomas Youngman Dewhirst (5 February 1859 – 11 January 1927) was educated at Nesbit and Drews' North Adelaide Educational Institution, started work as a warehouseman then solicitor's clerk, then joined the electrical staff of the Adelaide General Post Office, under C. A. Unbehaun. He was a prominent yachtsman, a longtime member of the Royal South Australian Yacht Squadron (he lived in nearby Coppin Street, Semaphore) and was for many years its honorary secretary. On 5 August 1886 he married Florence Amy Allen (ca.1857 – 1 November 1939). Charles Hay Dewhirst (ca.1862 – 13 January 1939), entered the Public Service in 1878 and in 1892 was promoted to chief clerk in the office of the Commissioner of Public Works. He was secretary and chief executive officer of the South Australian Supply and Tender Board from 1899 and in 1914 he was made a member of the board, and later deputy chairman. In 1923 he was appointed Government member of the Municipal Tramways Trust. In 1928 he was awarded the Imperial Service Order. He was forced by ill-health to retire early and spent his last eight years an invalid. In his youth he was a successful racing cyclist and an early member of the Royal South Australian Yacht Squadron. He owned, with his brother Thomas Youngman Dewhirst, the three-tonner Desire, one of the most successful small boats on the Port River. In 1886, he was chosen by Alex Wyllie to skipper his yacht Alexa and for a time won almost every thing she was entered for. On 6 March 1885 he married Elizabeth "Lizzie" "Bell" Currie (died 5 December 1942), daughter of James Currie. Their only child, Norman H. Dewhirst died around 1910. References Australian educators Australian Christian clergy Alumni of Homerton College, Cambridge 1815 births 1904 deaths Clergy from Bury St Edmunds British emigrants to Australia

4644331

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YP%20Holdings

YP Holdings

YP Holdings, now a wholly owned subsidiary of DexYP, is the American parent company for YP LLC. Its products include printed telephone directories, yp.com and YP app. YP offers local search, display ads and direct marketing. On July 31, 2012, YP was included in PaidContent50's list of "the world's most successful digital media companies" based on 2011 digital ad revenue. The company was formed on April 4, 2012, preceding a formal announcement that AT&T would sell off a 53% stake in its directory operations to Cerberus Capital Management. Dex Media purchased YP Holdings LLC in 2017, officially announced in June 2017. It is responsible for the publication yp.com, YP app, the Gas Guru app, and more than 1,300 printed directories, published under the "YP The Real Yellow Pages" brand. It is headquartered in Tucker, Georgia. History YP Holdings, as a parent company, was founded in 2012 to take over the directory and online advertising businesses that were operated in the AT&T Advertising Solutions and AT&T Interactive divisions of AT&T. SBC Yellow Pages YELLOWPAGES.com, rebranded as YP.com in 2012, is an Internet web site operated by YP that employs sales representatives to sell preferred positioning on their site, YellowPages.com in addition to marketing additional products that move their clients' businesses toward the front of major web search pages. In 2002, SBC Communications dropped its regional telephone company names, switching to a unified "SBC" brand. As a result, the yellow pages operations were combined into one unit (retaining the separate companies) and took on the "SMART Yellow Pages" brand, retained from Pacific Bell Directory. Southwestern Bell Yellow Pages headquarters were utilized as central headquarters for all SBC Yellow Pages operations in St. Louis, MO at One Bell Center. In 2004, SBC sold complete control of its joint venture with R. H. Donnelley, DonTech, to R. H. Donnelley. Telephone directories formerly published by SBC now became known as SBC Yellow Pages Published by R. H. Donnelley, and R. H. Donnelley's Illinois operations for SBC became known as the R. H. Donnelley Publishing & Advertising of Illinois Partnership. SBC merged Southwestern Bell Advertising, L.P. with Pacific Bell Directory's advertising division, creating SBC Advertising, L.P. As a result, "SMART" is eliminated as a nickname for all of the yellow pages operations, becoming simply SBC Yellow Pages. In 2004 SBC Communications and Bell South Corp. acquired YELLOWPAGES.COM, Inc. which operated as a joint venture between the two companies, until Bell South was acquired by in 2006. After 2004, R.H. Donnelley published printed directories in the names of SBC and subsequently AT&T in the area in and around Chicago, IL. AT&T Yellow Pages In 2005, SBC completed its acquisition of AT&T Corp., and renamed itself AT&T Inc. As a result, SBC Yellow Pages was renamed AT&T Yellow Pages, and the Illinois edition was renamed "AT&T Yellow Pages Published by R. H. Donnelley". SBC Advertising, L.P. was renamed AT&T Advertising, L.P. AT&T directory publishing companies began doing business as either AT&T Yellow Pages (in reference to being a directory publisher) or AT&T Directory Operations (in reference to being a unit of AT&T). AT&T Real Yellow Pages On December 29, 2006, AT&T added BellSouth Advertising & Publishing Corporation, or "BAPCO" to its roster of directory publishers. As a result, in January 2007, all companies who had been doing business as AT&T Yellow Pages started doing business as AT&T Advertising & Publishing, while the AT&T Yellow Pages name was retained. On February 26, 2007, however, AT&T announced it would adopt BellSouth's directory branding, the Real Yellow Pages. All yellow pages directories published by AT&T became published under the AT&T Real Yellow Pages name. YELLOWPAGES.com YELLOWPAGES.com LLC. became part of AT&T Interactive, following the AT&T acquisition of Bellsouth in 2006. YELLOWPAGES.com, rebranded as YP.com in 2009, as an Internet web site operated by YP. It employed more than 4,000 local marketing consultants and customer service professionals, and offered online presence, local search, display ads, and direct marketing. It was previously a wholly owned subsidiary of AT&T. Sale to Cerberus On March 8, 2012, it was announced that AT&T has entered talks to sell a controlling stake in its Yellow Pages business to Cerberus Capital Management and TPG Capital. The deal was estimated to be valued at $1.5 billion. Under the version of the deal reported in the press, AT&T would still own a minority stake in the company. On April 9, 2012, it was announced that AT&T would sell 53% of AT&T Advertising Solutions to Cerberus Capital Management for $750 million. AT&T Advertising Solutions as a structural unit then became the company YP Holdings. Included in the sale is Yellowpages.com, YP mobile app as well as the printed directory division. AT&T will retain 47% ownership. Cerberus will assume $200 million of AT&T debt from the transaction. The sale came after AT&T began removing branding from its directories. In 2011, it removed the trade names of its Bell Operating Companies (a practice adopted in 2002), reduced the size of the AT&T logo, and enlarged the "YP" logo of YELLOWPAGES.COM as the main logo of the directory. It also as renamed its directory "YP Real Yellow Pages". The sale made AT&T the last Bell System-related spin off to sell off its yellow pages business. Cincinnati Bell sold off CBD Media in 2002, Qwest sold Dex Media in 2002, SBC sold off Illinois directory operations to R.H. Donnelley in 2004, and Verizon sold Idearc Media in 2006. The deal with Cerberus officially closed on May 8, 2012. In 2013, YP rebranded and position itself in the field of digital marketing, and in 2015, its marketing operations has been rebranded to YP Marketing Solutions. Media Properties owned by YP LLC include: YP.com (Yellowpages.com and mybook) YP app (Gas Guru app) Printed directories: The Real Yellow Pages directories and The Real White Pages directories YP Marketing Solutions (YP for Business app) Subsidiaries AT&T transferred the directory publishing companies it owned to YP Holdings, as well as other companies that comprised AT&T Advertising Solutions and AT&T Interactive. These companies (with service regions) are organized as follows: YP Holdings YP.com LLC YP Marketing Solutions LLC References 2012 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state) American companies established in 2012 Telephone directory publishing companies of the United States Yellow pages Companies based in Tucker, Georgia

54206175

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuberg

Heuberg

Heuberg may refer to: Places in Germany: Heuberg/Buchhorn/Gleichen, village in the municipality of Pfedelbach, Hohenlohekreis, Baden-Württemberg Heuberg (Buchenbach), village in the municipality of Buchenbach, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg Heuberg (Herrieden), village in the borough of Herrieden, Ansbach, Bavaria Heuberg (Hilpoltstein), village in the borough of Hilpoltstein, Roth, Bavaria Heuberg (Oettingen), village in the borough of Oettingen, Donau-Ries, Bavaria Heuberg (Waltenhofen), village in the municipality of Waltenhofen, Oberallgäu, Bavaria Heuberg (Weißenburg), village in the municipality of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen, Bavaria Heuberg (Westerheim), village in the municipality of Westerheim, Alb-Donau-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg in Austria: Heuberg, cadastral municipality of Koppl, Salzburg-Umgebung, Salzburg Heuberg (Lanzenkirchen), hamlet in Lanzenkirchen, Wiener Neustadt-Land, Lower Austria Heuberg (Lassing), village in Lassing, Liezen, Styria Heuberg (Lend), village in Lend, Zell am See, Salzburg Land Heuberg (Oberaich), village in Oberaich, Bruck-Mürzzuschlag, Styria Heuberg (Pyhra), cadastral municipality of Pyhra, Sankt Pölten-Land, Lower Austria Heuberg (Scheffau), village in Scheffau am Tennengebirge, Hallein, Salzburger state of Heuberg (Scheibbs), village in Scheibbs, Scheibbs, Lower Austria Heuberg (Serfaus), village near Serfaus, Landeck, Tyrol Heuberg (Stans), village in Stans, district of Schwaz, Tyrol Structures Schloss Heuberg, castle in the municipality of Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße, Zell am See, Salzburg, Austria Lager Heuberg, part of the Bundeswehr's military base in the region around the Großer Heuberg, near Stetten am kalten Markt, Sigmaringen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany Heuberg Transmitter, on the Heuberg, near Forchtenstein, Mattersburg, Burgenland, Austria Mountain regions, mountains and hills in Germany: Heuberg (Chiemgau Alps) (1337.6 m), in the Chiemgau Alps near Nußdorf am Inn, Rosenheim, Bavaria Großer Heuberg (up to 1015 m), region of the Swabian Jura in Zollernalbkreis, Sigmaringen and Tuttlingen, Baden-Württemberg Heuberg (Black Forest) (709.1 m), in the Black Forest near Neuenbürg, Enzkreis, Baden-Württemberg Kleiner Heuberg (c. 700 m), region of the Swabian Jura in Zollernalbkreis and Rottweil, Baden-Württemberg Heuberg (Tübingen) (497.9 m), near Waldhausen (Tübingen), Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg Heuberg (Rottenburg am Neckar) (483.5 m), near Rottenburg am Neckar, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg – with the Heuberger Warte Heuberg (Welzheim Forest) (476.6 m), in the Welzheim Forest southwest of Walkersbach (Plüderhausen), Rems-Murr-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg Heuberg (Hofgeismar Municipal Forest) (392 m), in the Hofgeismar Municipal Forest near Hofgeismar, Kassel, Hesse – with a radio and TV tower Heuberg (Spessart) (365 m), in the Spessart near Frammersbach, Main-Spessart, Bavaria; see Frammersbach#Hills Heuberg (Kiffing) (344 m), in the Kiffing near Oedelsheim (Oberweser), Kassel, Hesse – with transmission tower in Austria: Heuberg (Allgäu Alps) (1795 m), in the Kleinwalsertal, Vorarlberg Heuberg (Brandenberg Alps) (1746 m), in the Brandenberg Alps, Tyrol Heuberg (Salzburg) (901 m), hill country and landscape area east of the Salzburg suburb of Gnigl, Salzburg, Salzburg state Heuberg (Rosalia Mountains) (748 m), in the Rosalia Mountains near Forchtenstein, Mattersburg, Burgenland – with the Heuberg Transmitter Heuberg (Hallein) (556 m), in the Salzach valley near Hallein, Hallein, Salzburg state Heuberg (Vienna Woods), in the market municipality of St. Andrä-Wördern, Tulln, Lower Austria Heuberg (Vienna) (464 m), in the 17th Vienna district of Hernals Other Heuberg (nature reserve), a nature reserve in Zollernalbkreis, Baden-Württemberg See also Hoiberg Hooiberg

26752224

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German%20submarine%20U-771

German submarine U-771

German submarine U-771 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 21 November 1940, and was laid down on 21 August 1942 at Kriegsmarinewerft, Wilhelmshaven, as yard number 154. She was launched on 26 September 1943 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Helmut Block on 18 November of that year. Design German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-771 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to . The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-771 was fitted with five torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one Flak M42 and two twin C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty. Service history U-771 had a comparatively brief service career. While she was commissioned on 18 November 1943, she was not assigned to any war flotillas until 1 June 1944. She was in action for less than a year before being sunk on 11 November 1944, after only two patrols at sea. First patrol Following training exercises with the 31st U-boat Flotilla from 18 November 1943 until 31 May 1944, U-771 was assigned to the 9th U-boat Flotilla on 1 June 1944, and was given the position as the lead boat in the flotilla. The next day, U-771 left the port city of Hatvik for Bergen, occupied Norway. On 21 June 1944, U-771 began her first war patrol, leaving the port city of Stavanger (at which she had arrived from Bergen the day before). For a period of 25 days, U-771 roamed the North Sea in search of Allied convoys. While she never made contact with any enemy vessels, on 26 June 1944, a British Consolidated Liberator aircraft coded 'N' from No. 86 Squadron RAF engaged U-771 and just north of the British Isles. U-317 was sunk during the action, but flak from U-771 damaged the Liberator and forced it back to base, where it was judged damaged beyond repair. U-771 continued her patrol. This was the only time during the war that U-771 had any contact with the enemy prior to her sinking. On 15 July, U-771 returned to her U-boat base at Bergen. Second patrol U-771 spent the next three months travelling to various Norwegian ports, including Trondheim, Kristiansand, Bergen, Bogenbucht, and Hammerfest. During this time, U-771 was reassigned to the 11th U-boat Flotilla on 1 August 1944; she remained a part of that flotilla until 30 September, when she was again reassigned, this time to the 13th U-boat Flotilla. On 14 October 1944, U-771 finally left Hammerfest and headed into the Arctic Ocean. Twenty-nine days after she left Hammerfest, on 11 November 1944, U-771 was sunk in the Andfjord near Harstad, Norway, by torpedoes fired by the British submarine . All 51 of her crewmembers were killed. Wolfpacks U-771 took part in three wolfpacks, namely: Zorn (27 – 30 September 1944) Regenschirm (14 – 16 October 1944) Panther (16 October – 10 November 1944) See also Battle of the Atlantic References Bibliography External links German Type VIIC submarines U-boats commissioned in 1943 U-boats sunk in 1944 World War II submarines of Germany 1943 ships World War II shipwrecks in the Arctic Ocean Ships built in Wilhelmshaven U-boats sunk by British submarines Submarines lost with all hands Maritime incidents in November 1944

9548777

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan%20Street%20Plant

Vulcan Street Plant

The Vulcan Street Plant was the first Edison hydroelectric central station. The plant was built on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, and put into operation on September 30, 1882. According to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Vulcan Street plant is considered to be "the first hydro-electric central station to serve a system of private and commercial customers in North America". It is a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark, an IEEE milestone and a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark. The Vulcan Street Plant was housed in the Appleton Paper and Pulp Company building, which burned to the ground in 1891. A replica of the Vulcan Street Plant was later built on South Oneida Street. Origin The Vulcan Street Plant was conceptualized by H. J. Rogers – who was the president of the Appleton Paper and Pulp Co. and of the Appleton Gas Light Co. during this time. According to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, H. J. Rogers first came up with the idea for a hydro-electric central station after talking with a friend of his, H. E. Jacobs, while they were on a fishing trip. The Appleton Edison Electric Light Company H. E. Jacobs, who was working for Western Edison Light Company of Chicago as a licensing agent, informed H. J. Rogers about Thomas Edison’s plan for a steam-driven electric power plant in New York City called the Pearl Street Plant. Upon learning about Edison’s advances in electric light technology and electric generators, Rogers worked to bring together a group of investors to create one of the first hydro-electric central stations in the world. For this reason, the Appleton Edison Electric Light Company was formed and incorporated on May 25, 1882. While Edison’s Pearl Street Plant was still under construction, the founders of the Appleton Edison Electric Light Company – H. E. Jacobs, A. L. Smith, H. D. Smith, and Charles Beveridge – began planning the Vulcan Street Plant. In July 1882, engineer P. D. Johnston, who worked for Western Edison Light Company of Chicago during this time, visited Appleton to explain the details of Edison’s lighting system to the founders of the Appleton Edison Electric Light Company. After this meeting, the founders decided to test the viability of hydro-electric lighting by first installing it in their homes and mills. As a result, two Edison "K" type generators were ordered. The first generator was installed in H. J. Roger’s paper mill, the Appleton Paper and Pulp Company, and is the generator that began operation on September 30, 1882. The second generator was installed in its building on Vulcan Street and began operation on November 25, 1882. Problems and successes On September 27, 1882, the first generator began operation, but without success. Hence, Edward T. Ames, the installer, returned to Appleton to correct the problem. After a few days of troubleshooting, the generator was repaired and successfully entered operation on September 30, 1882. This was only 26 days after Thomas Edison began to successfully operate his steam-driven Pearl Street Plant in New York, which began operation on September 4, 1882. The output of the original generator was about 12.5 kilowatts. The first buildings to be lit by the Vulcan Street Plant were H.J. Rogers' home, the Appleton Paper and Pulp Company building, and the Vulcan Paper Mill, which were all connected directly to the generator. Initially, the buildings' direct connection to the generator caused many problems because the generator was directly connected to the waterwheel. The water from the Fox River did not flow at a constant rate, so the lights did not maintain constant brightness and often burned out. This problem was resolved by moving the generator to a lean-to off the main building, where it was attached to a separate water wheel that allowed for a more even load distribution. During the time of the Vulcan Street Plant, voltage regulators did not exist. Operators had to look at the light itself to determine if it was at the proper brightness, and they adjusted the voltage according to their observations. Electricity meters did not exist at that time, so customers were charged a flat monthly fee based on the number of electric lamps installed in their building. Hence, many people left their lights on all night. The original electric distribution lines in Appleton were made of bare copper. This posed many challenges in the early development of commercial electricity, because nearly everything was made of wood or other flammable materials. The wiring used in buildings was insulated by a thin layer of cotton and was fastened to walls using wood cleats. Likewise, wood was used for fuse boxes, light sockets, and switch handles. Appleton's first electrically lit buildings H. J. Rogers' home, which has been converted to be the Hearthstone Historic House Museum, is one of the few surviving examples of wiring and lighting fixtures from the dawn of the electrical age. The Vulcan Street Plant and the Appleton Paper and Pulp Company building burned to the ground in 1891, and the Vulcan Paper Mill was dismantled in 1908. After the Vulcan Street Plant was destroyed by fire, an exact replica was built on South Oneida Street and was opened to the public on September 30, 1932. According to the minutes taken at the Appleton Historic Preservation Committee meeting on October 21, 2008, the replica of the Vulcan Street Plant was, "... painstakingly constructed duplicating all of the building's original features." This site was dedicated as an ASME National Historic Engineering Landmark, jointly designated with ASCE and IEEE on September 15, 1977. See also War of the currents Samuel Insull References Energy infrastructure completed in 1882 Buildings and structures in Appleton, Wisconsin Hydroelectric power plants in Wisconsin Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks

61869969

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atriplex%20stipitata

Atriplex stipitata

Atriplex stipitata, commonly known as mallee saltbush, bitter saltbush and kidney saltbush, is a species of shrub in the family Amaranthaceae, found in all mainland states of Australia. In South Australia, it flowers all year round, however in other states generally flowers from spring through to autumn. A. stipitata is not considered a threatened species. Description Atriplex stipitata is an erect, generally dioecious, shrub which grows to in height. Its leaves are elliptic and entire, with the apices either obtuse or rounded. The leaf blade is 7 to 25 mm long on a petiole which is 2 to 3 mm long. Male flowers form disjunct spikes, and the well-spaced clusters of female flowers form slender spikes. Bracteoles surround a superior ovary, on a slender stipe which is up to 1 cm long. A. stipitata generally flowers from spring through to autumn. The common name 'kidney saltbush' is derived from the kidney shape of the fruits. When in season, the distinctive fruits make it easily identified. In 2020, N.G.Walsh & Sluiter described a sub species of A. stipitata. This sub species, miscella, presents as a monoecious plant. This sub species varies to the dioecious form. It is distinguished by having finer stems with narrow leaves. It is an erect and gracile shrub and is not as robust as the dioecious taxa with a shorter lifespan. Miscella grows from with sparser stems, making it a more narrow shrub than the sub species stipitatas which is often wider than it is tall. Taxonomy and naming George Bentham first described A. stipitata in 1870. The specific epithet, stipitata, is a Latin adjective (past participle) meaning "stemmed", that is, "having a stipe or a stem", and refers to the stemmed fruit. There are 2 subspecies of A. stipitata in the Flora of Victoria as listed below Atriplex stipitata subsp. miscella N.G.Walsh & Sluiter Atriplex stipitata subsp. stipitata The epithet, miscella, is a Latin word meaning “mixed”, believed to be referring to the mixed male and female flowers presented together. Distribution and occurrence A. stipitata is widely spread across Australia, found in all mainland states. It is most abundant in semi arid and arid zones of inland parts of South Australia and Western New South Wales. Although A. stipitata has been observed in numerous different habitats, it predominately occurs in the mallee region of Victoria and South Australia and in open wooded areas. Western Australia – subsp. stipitata is commonly found in the south-western region. Subsp. miscella remains rare, with only a single collection. Northern Territory – subsp. miscella is the more common species found in Northern Territory, however both species are present in the southern regions. South Australia – subsp. stipitata can be found in all mainland regions of South Australia except the south-east. Subsp. miscella is currently limited to the Flinders Ranges and Murray Mallee regions. Queensland – subsp. miscella is the more common species in Queensland, however both species are relatively rare in the state, appearing only in the Warrego Pastoral District. New South Wales – both subsp's are similarly dispersed across western New South Wales. Victoria – subsp. stipitata occurs in the far north-west and near Bacchus Marsh. Subsp. miscella is limited to the far north-west. Seeds from the A. stipitata can be distributed worldwide. A. stipitata has been introduced to the California coastline in the United States of America to aid in the rehabilitation of saline soils. Habitat A. stipitata prefers saline soils of clay loam and coarse textured soils. It is often sighted in areas with solonized brown soils which are high in calcium and magnesium carbonate, and thrives in eroded red soils when there is limited competition from other species. A.stipitata subsp stipitata is more frequently observed in mixed chenopod shrublands and has a stronger affinity to saline soils whereas subsp miscella is more commonly observed in open woodlands. A. stipitata survives well in dry degraded soils and has been reportedly sighted in creek banks, stony flats, slopes and ridges, flat plains and outwash plains. Uses Traditional A. stipitata, also known as bitter saltbush, is one of the lesser consumed saltbush due to its bitter flavour. However, saltbush was used for traditional medicinal purposes. The leaves of saltbush plants were ground down and mixed with water to form a saline solution used to clean and disinfect mild skin conditions and wounds. Agricultural A. stipitata performs well on agricultural land, as it is not the most palatable of the saltbush species. This species only becomes favourable to sheep and livestock when other forage is scarce. A. stipitata is high in potassium, nitrogen and protein with high digestibility making it suitable for agriculture grazing, however the high sodium content in the plant make it only desirable when there is water readily available. Agriculture farmers have observed a link to saltbush grazing and an increase in milk production and more successful birth rates in sheep. This is attested not only to the nutrient value of the plant, but also to the increased water intake of the sheep when grazing. References External links Atriplex stipitata occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium Flickr images: Atriplex stipitata Atriplex stipitata K000898568, collected in 1860 by the Victorian Exploring Expedition at Duroodoo stipitata Flora of Australia Plants described in 1870 Taxa named by George Bentham Flora of Victoria (state) Flora of New South Wales Flora of South Australia Flora of the Northern Territory Dioecious plants

1848449

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Time%20%28MC5%20album%29

High Time (MC5 album)

High Time is the second studio album (third album overall) by the American rock band MC5, released in 1971 by Atlantic Records. Production High Time was co-produced by the band and Atlantic staff engineer Geoffrey Haslam. Release High Time was released on July 6, 1971, by Atlantic Records. Dave Marsh wrote in the liner notes to the 1992 reissue: {{blockquote|Sadly, High Time'''s 1971 release represented the end of the line for MC5. Hard drugs had entered the band members' lives, and within a year they'd split up, drifting off into various other configurations. At least two members wound up in federal prison on drug charges, and they never did reunite before the untimely death of Rob Tyner in mid-summer 1992.}} Although the band's debut album, Kick Out the Jams, had peaked at No. 30 on the Billboard 200 chart, their second album stalled at No. 137, and High Time fared even worse commercially. Reception High Time has been generally well received by critics. Lenny Kaye, writing for Rolling Stone'', called the album "the first record that comes close to telling the tale of their legendary reputation and attendant charisma". In his retrospective review, Mark Deming of AllMusic called it "[MC5's] most accessible album, but still highly idiosyncratic and full of well-written, solidly played tunes. [...] while less stridently political than their other work, musically it's as uncompromising as anything they ever put to wax and would have given them much greater opportunities to subvert America's youth if the kids had ever had the chance to hear it." Track listing Personnel MC5 Michael Davis – bass, vocals, ka (track 7), production Wayne Kramer – guitar, vocals, piano (tracks 2 and 3), production Fred "Sonic" Smith – guitar, vocals, harmonica (track 1), organ (track 1), sandpaper (track 2), production, cover concept (as Frederico Smithelini) Dennis Thompson – drums, vocals (track 1), tambourine (track 1, 2 and 7), reen (tracks 2, 5), tamboes (track 4), acme scraper (track 5), percussion (track 8), production Rob Tyner – vocals, harmonica (track 1), maracas (track 1), rockas (track 2), castanets (track 6), conga (track 8), production, cover cartoon illustration Additional personnel Pete Kelly – piano on "Sister Anne" Dan Bullock – trombone on "Skunk" Ellis Dee – percussion on "Skunk" Lil' Bobby Wayne Derminer (Rob Tyner) – wizzer on "Future/Now" Merlene Driscoll – vocals on "Sister Anne" Rick Ferretti – trumpet on "Skunk" Dave Heller – percussion on "Skunk" Leon Henderson – tenor saxophone on "Skunk" Joanne Hill – vocals on "Sister Anne" Larry Horton – trombone on "Sister Anne" Skip "Van Winkle" Knapé – organ on "Miss X" Brenda Knight – vocals on "Sister Anne" Kinki Le Pew – percussion on "Gotta Keep Movin" Charles Moore – flugelhorn, vocals on "Sister Anne", trumpet, horn arrangement on "Skunk" Dr. Dave Morgan – percussion on "Skunk" Scott Morgan – percussion on "Skunk" Butch O'Brien – bass drum on "Sister Anne" David Oversteak – tuba on "Sister Anne" Bob Seger – percussion on "Skunk" Technical Geoffrey Haslam – production, engineering Mark Schulman - art direction Francis Ing - cover photography References External links 1971 albums MC5 albums Atlantic Records albums Albums produced by Rob Tyner Albums produced by Fred "Sonic" Smith Albums produced by Wayne Kramer (guitarist) Albums produced by Dennis Thompson (drummer)

43504188

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtis%20M.%20Scott

Curtis M. Scott

Curtis Matthew Scott (September 6, 1960 – August 19, 1992) was a software architect and board game designer known for his work on approximately thirty role-playing games and books primarily focused on Dungeons and Dragons. He attended the University of New Orleans and Carnegie Mellon University, received his master's in computer science during which time he published works contributing to the field of software. Scott was accepted to the PhD program in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University just prior to his death on August 19, 1992, at the age of 31. Biography Curtis Matthew Scott was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on September 6, 1960, to Harold George Scott of Williams Arizona and Bettie Tabakin Scott of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the sixth of nine children. His father, Dr. Harold George Scott was in the military and the family traveled to New Orleans (1967), and then Glenn Dale, Maryland (1969) where his father worked as the first Deputy Directory of the Environmental Protection Agency when it was created under the Nixon Administration in 1971, detailed as a commissioned officer of the United States Public Health Service. During this assignment Dr. Scott helped prepare portions of President Richard Nixon's first State of the Union Address, delivered January 21, 1970. The family returned to New Orleans (1972) where Curtis Scott attended grade school and then West Jefferson High School. Scott skipped from first to third grade, and from third to fifth grade resulting in attending school with students two years older than him. Scott attended the University of New Orleans, entering college at 15 years of age under a hybrid high school/college program. In 1992 Scott completed his master's in software engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. In May 1992, three months prior to his death he was accepted to the PhD program in Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. Scott worked for a software firm in Mississippi and spent four months performing classified software-related work on a Navy ship off of the coast of South Korea (1980)., and authored key papers in the field of software on topics including software architecture, disconnected messaging, and breaking of software systems into components, approaches used in modern software systems including cloud-based systems. In addition to his work in the field of software, Scott authored approximately thirty role-playing games and books primarily focused on Dungeons and Dragons, and served as convention chairperson for CoastCon, which started in two rooms of a Holiday Inn hotel and grew to the largest science fiction convention in the southeast United States, eventually held and today still held at the Mississippi Coast Colosseum. Curtis Matthew Scott was killed in an automobile accident near Ravenna Ohio on August 19, 1992, at age 31 while on the way to a Gen Con/Origins game fair. He was survived by his wife Mary and their son, Phillip. Career Role Playing Games and Books Curtis M. Scott wrote numerous role playing-related games and books including: Cyber Hero for Hero Games (co-author). Horde Campaign for Dungeons & Dragons GURPS Basic Set, 3rd Ed. GURPS Conan GURPS Grimoire GURPS Humanx Mythic Europe (Ars Magica) Pirates of the Fallen Stars (Forgotten Realms) Sea of Fallen Stars (Forgotten Realms) The Complete Spacefarer's Handbook The Cyclopedia Talislanta series for Talislanta The Ivory Triangle (Dark Sun) The Tsolyáni Primer Year of the Phoenix Prior to his death Scott accepted a major project for TSR's Dark Sun campaign world. CoastCon (Science fiction, Fantasy and Gaming convention) For several years, Scott and his wife Mary organized the annual CoastCon gaming and science-fiction convention in Biloxi, Mississippi., and Curtis served as convention chairperson for CoastCon, which started in two rooms of a Holiday Inn hotel and grew to the largest science fiction convention in the southeast United States, eventually held and today still held at the Mississippi Coast Colosseum. Contributions to the field of Software Prior to his death in 1992 Curtis Scott produced key published works in the field of software engineering on topics including object oriented design, disconnected messaging, implicit invocation, and breaking of software systems into components, many of which concepts and approaches are in use in modern software systems including cloud-based systems. Curtis Scott's published works in the field of software include: Adding Implicit Invocation to Traditional Programming Languages. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Software Engineering (May 1993). Also CMU-CS-92-217 Reactive Integration for Traditional Programming Languages Experience with a Course on Architectures for Software Systems Part I: Course Description Extending Ada with Event Broadcast Candidate Model Problems in Software Architecture (Scott's work referenced). Discussion draft 1.2 in circulation for development of community consensus In May 1992, three months prior to his death, Curtis Scott was accepted to the PhD program in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. The Carnegie Mellon University Institute for Software Research Master of Software Engineering Professional Programs Student Handbook is dedicated to Curtis M. Scott. Death Curtis Matthew Scott was killed on August 19, 1992, at age 31, in an automobile accident on his way to the Gen Con/Origins game fair. He was survived by his wife Mary and their son, Phillip, as well as immediate members of his family. References External links 1992 deaths Dungeons & Dragons game designers GURPS writers Place of birth missing 1960 births

2395915

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Ingram-Seymour-Conway%2C%202nd%20Marquess%20of%20Hertford

Francis Ingram-Seymour-Conway, 2nd Marquess of Hertford

Francis Ingram-Seymour-Conway, 2nd Marquess of Hertford, KG, PC, PC (Ire) (12 February 1743 – 17 June 1822), styled The Honourable Francis Seymour-Conway until 1750, Viscount Beauchamp between 1750 and 1793, and Earl of Yarmouth between 1793 and 1794, was a British peer and politician. He held seats in the Irish House of Commons from 1761 to 1776 and in the British House of Commons from 1766 to 1794. He served as Chief Secretary for Ireland under his father. He subsequently held positions in the Royal Household, including serving as Lord Chamberlain between 1812 and 1822. Background and education A member of the Seymour family headed by the Duke of Somerset, Hertford was the eldest son of Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, and Lady Isabella Fitzroy, daughter of Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, born on 12 January 1743 in London. He was the elder brother of Lord Robert Seymour and Lord Hugh Seymour. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. Political career In 1761, Hertford entered the Irish House of Commons for Lisburn, and later represented County Antrim between 1768 and 1776. He was sworn of the Irish Privy Council in 1775, and served as Chief Secretary for Ireland between 1765 and 1766 to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, his father. In 1766, he entered the British House of Commons as Member of Parliament for Lostwithiel, changing in 1768 to represent Orford until he succeeded his father in 1794. In 1783, Hertford was defied by his tenants in Lisburn. They elected Todd Jones, a captain in the Irish Volunteer movement, on a platform calling for the independence and reform of the Irish parliament. In 1790, with Jones arguing that reform was impossible without Catholic Emancipaton, Hertford's nominees regained parliamentary control of the borough. Hertford was himself sympathetic to the case for Catholic "relief" (in May 1778 he declared himself strongly in favour of the repeal of the penal acts affecting Roman Catholics) and in "A Letter to the First Company of Belfast Volunteers", published in Dublin, 1782, he endorsed the case for Ireland's legislative independence. He did not, however, embrace the call for parliamentary reform (abolition of the proprietary boroughs and a broader franchise) and he was averse to any further assertion of Irish independence. Hertford served under Lord North, firstly as a Lord of the Treasury from 1774, and then from 1780 as Cofferer of the Household, a post he held until its abolishment in 1782. In 1780 he was also sworn of the British Privy Council. He remained out of office until 1804, when he was made Master of the Horse by William Pitt the Younger. He continued in this position until Pitt's death in 1806 and later served under Spencer Perceval and Lord Liverpool as Lord Chamberlain of the Household between 1812 and 1821. Apart from his political career Hertford was also Lord Lieutenant of Warwickshire between 1816 and 1822, and Governor of County Antrim. In 1807 he was appointed a Knight of the Garter. Shortly before his death, he was refused a dukedom by Lord Liverpool. In 1829, he ordered MPs beholden to him to vote for the Roman Catholic Relief Act which finally removed the Protestant monopoly on Parliament. Family Lord Hertford married, firstly, the Hon. Alice Elizabeth Windsor, daughter of Herbert Windsor, 2nd Viscount Windsor, on 4 February 1768. After her death in 1772 he married, secondly, the Hon. Isabella Anne Ingram, daughter of Charles Ingram, 9th Viscount of Irvine and Frances Shepherd, on 20 May 1776. She was a mistress of George IV. On the death of his mother-in-law in 1807, he and his wife added the surname Ingram to their own, due to the fortune they inherited from her. Lord Hertford died in London in June 1822, aged 79, and was succeeded by his son from his second marriage, Francis. The Marchioness of Hertford died in April 1834. References External links 1743 births 1822 deaths British MPs 1761–1768 British MPs 1768–1774 British MPs 1774–1780 British MPs 1780–1784 British MPs 1784–1790 British MPs 1790–1796 Francis Ingram-Seymour-Conway Irish MPs 1727–1760 Irish MPs 1761–1768 Irish MPs 1769–1776 Knights of the Garter Lord-Lieutenants of Warwickshire Beauchamp, Francis Seymour-Conway, Viscount Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Antrim constituencies Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain Members of the Privy Council of Ireland Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for constituencies in Cornwall People educated at Eton College Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford Chief Secretaries for Ireland 2

53535963

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth%20MacKenzie

Elizabeth MacKenzie

Elizabeth MacKenzie (born 1955) is a Canadian artist based in Vancouver known for her drawing, installation and video since the early eighties. MacKenzie uses drawing to explore the productive aspects of uncertainty through the use of repetition, interrogations of portraiture and considerations of intersubjective experience. Her work has been characterized by an interest in maternal ambivalence, monstrous bodies, interrogations of portraiture and considerations of the complexity of familial and other interpersonal relations. Early life and education Elizabeth MacKenzie was born 1955 in Trois-Rivières, Québec. MacKenzie graduated from the Ontario College of Art in 1979 and received an MFA from the University of Saskatchewan in 1993. Curating and professional roles Elizabeth MacKenzie is sessional faculty at Emily Carr University in Vancouver. She co-curated a number of exhibitions including Persistent Resistance: Early video in Vancouver exhibition in Vancouver with Canadian art historian and Curator Jennifer Fisher and artist and professor, Marina Roy at the VIVO Media Arts Centre in 2008. She co-lead with Cindy Mochizuki and Kristina Fiedrich the Vancouver Draw Down 2011: Summer of Ten Thousand Drawings a citywide workshop series sponsored by the Vancouver Parks Board. Practice and collaborations Her practice includes an ongoing commitment to collaboration, curating, writing and teaching. Elizabeth MacKenzie is also one of the founding board members of the YYZ Gallery in Toronto. The Underside of Shadows was a collaboration between MacKenzie and writer Jeanne Randolph that undertook to extend their earlier long distance, technologically mediated collaboration at Artspeak Gallery in Vancouver from September 8 to October 13, 2001. MacKenzie's work has been contextualized alongside visual artist Nancy Spero in Jo Anna Isaak's book; Feminism and Contemporary Art: The Revolutionary Power of Women’s Laughter. MacKenzie produced the video I am an Artist My name is.... in 1986 with Canadian artist and York University Associate Professor Judith Schwarz. Exhibitions Solo exhibitions include UnBecoming: An Annotated Exhibition, curated by Sarah Cavanaugh in 2016 at Seymour Art Gallery in North Vancouver.The Gaze of History: Portraits from the Collection, curated by Darrin Martens, Burnaby Art Gallery at Deer Lake (British Columbia) in 2012. "At the BAG, MacKenzie has used powdered graphite to draw portraits of the building’s former occupants directly on the gallery’s white walls. The effect she achieves is pale, insubstantial, ephemeral—ghostly, really." Reunion, curated by Corrine Corry at the Richmond Art Gallery in Richmond, British Columbia. In the 2004 review of this exhibition art critic Robin Laurence writes; "Reunion seems to be about the slippery intersection of love, loss, memory, and meaning; about attempts to call up the dead through both photography and obsessive recollection; and about the impossibility of fixing any person, place, or thing through such attempts." The Underside of Shadows, in 2001 with writer Jeanne Randolph at Artspeak Gallery in Vancouver. Group exhibitions include; Mount Saint Vincent Art Gallery (Halifax), the Agnes Etherington Art Centre (Kingston), the Glenbow Museum (Calgary), the Mackenzie Art Gallery (Regina) and the Vancouver Art Gallery (Vancouver).Dessin-Installation-Drawing-Installation in 1984 at The Sadye Bronfman Centre for the Arts in Montréal curated by Diana Nemiroff. Collections Elizabeth MacKenzie's work is in the collection of the National Gallery of Canada and found in the Art Bank at The Canada Council, as well as the Burnaby Art Gallery. Selected bibliography References 1955 births Living people 21st-century Canadian artists 20th-century Canadian artists Canadian video artists Canadian installation artists University of Saskatchewan alumni 20th-century Canadian women artists 21st-century Canadian women artists

30207840

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intent%20On%20Contentment

Intent On Contentment

Intent On Contentment is the 2004 album by Jimmy Ibbotson. Ibbotson is a former member of the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. Track listing "Shower Call" (Jimmy Ibbotson, Jeff Hanna) - 3:06 "Witchita Town" (Tim Shields) - 3:21 "Bob Dylan's Dream" (Bob Dylan) - 4:35 "Coyote" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 4:16 "Do You Want Me To Love You" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 2:28 "Nun and Painter" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 3:31 "Warrior's Prayer" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 4:41 "The Lord's Prayer" (Jesus of Nazareth) - 2:44 "Intent On Contentment" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 3:49 "Palo Escopeta" (Jimmy Ibbotson, Bob Carpenter) - 4:08 "Heart That I Found" (Jimmy Ibbotson, John H. Evans) - 4:31 "Land That Time Forgot" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 3:35 "Rosa Bella" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 2:52 "Mr. Bo Dietl" (J. J. Walker, Jimmy Ibbotson) - 1:39 "Skunk's Night Out" (Jimmy Ibbotson) - 1:57 Personnel Jimmie Ibbotson Bob Dylan's Dream Harmony Vocal by BZ who is now Mrs. Al Palubinski Warrior's Prayer - Wild Jimbos Ibbo - Lead vocal, Guitar Salebo - High String & 12 string guitar, Harmonies Rattbo - Harmonies Harry "Bruckbo" Buckner - Bass Scottbo Bennett - Electric guitar Palo Express Musical track created by Bob Carpenter Production Producer - Ibby (Jimmy Ibbotson) Track descriptions "Shower Call" uses the melody of "One Christmas Tree" by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. The lyric imagine a phone call to estranged loved one where they decide to reconcile. The instruments used are electric guitar and drum. "Witchita Town" is about regretting the end of past relationships, but moving forward to settle down in a Witchita Town. The instruments are a keyboard and acoustic guitar. "Bob Dylan's Dream" is a Dylan cover. It remembers the friends and optimism of his youth, recognizes the losses of both, and yearns for their return. Acoustic guitar provides the accompaniment. "Coyote" with a new coat represents a man on the prowl in a new town. The woman he is interested is compared to a deer caught in the headlights. The accompaniment is flute, guitar and percussion. "Do You Want Me To Love You" offers to love you, because our friends think it is a good idea and I think you are not bad to look at. The offer is kind, but a little pompous. Accompaniment is guitar and drums "Nun and Painter" describes a romance between a young nun who throws off her habit and has a romance with the young man who is painting her house. It mentions the Six Days War being on the radio, which sets the time period as June 1967. The mention of the Shangri Las also places it in the mid sixties. Accompaniment is flute, drum, and bass guitar. "Warrior's Prayer" begins with a couple lines from the song "Rivers of Babylon" sung a cappella with the Wild Jimbos. The rest of the song is accompanied by acoustic and electric guitar and piano. The song is about a fisherman leaving his home, wife, and son to be a soldier for a cause he believes is righteous. He thanks god for strength, family, and wind at his back that help him do what he might otherwise lack the strength to do. "The Lords Prayer" sung with mandolin and guitar accompaniment. "Intent On Contentment" "Palo Escopeta" "Heart That I Found" "Land That Time Forgot" "Rosa Bella" written after hearing the name of an Aspen woman, Rose Abello. "Mr. Bo Dietl" is a rewrite of Mr Bojangles to honor of "Bo" Dietl, a former New York City Police Department detective and a media personality known for contributing on the Fox News Network and Imus in the Morning. "Skunk's Night Out" uses the F-ing word throughout, but in a lighthearted manner. It talks about the spring when the skunks start mating and how it affects him the same way. References All information from album liner notes, unless otherwise noted. 2004 albums Jimmy Ibbotson albums

69011578

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln%20McClutchie

Lincoln McClutchie

Lincoln McClutchie (born 12 April 1999) is a New Zealand rugby union player, who currently plays as a first five-eighth for in New Zealand's domestic National Provincial Championship competition and for in Super Rugby. Early career McClutchie attended Hastings Boys' High School, where he played First XV rugby alongside future teammates Folau Fakatava, Devan Flanders, Danny Toala and Kianu Kereru-Symes. He helped his team to two National Top 4 finals, narrowly losing the first against Mount Albert Grammar School (13 - 14) in 2016, but winning the second against Hamilton Boys' High School 25 to 17 after an undefeated season in 2017. He played representative rugby for several Hawke's Bay age grade teams, including at U16 level in 2015 and U19 level in 2018. In 2015, McClutchie was for the first time invited to attend the Hurricanes (U18) Development camp. Both in 2016 and 2017, he was named in the Hurricanes U18 squad to play the Crusaders U18 team. Senior career On 7 August 2017, the Hawke's Bay Rugby Union announced that four players of that year's successful Hastings Boys' High School First XV side, including Lincoln McClutchie, had signed with the union for the 2018 and 2019 seasons. McClutchie made his Magpies debut on 22 September 2018 against , starting instead of the regular fly-half, Tiaan Falcon, who had suffered an injury in the previous game. During the 2019 Super Rugby season, McClutchie was briefly called into the squad as injury cover and he also represented the at U20 level. However, despite a second successful season with Hawke's Bay, McClutchie missed out on a contract for the 2020 Super Rugby season. In November 2019, McClutchie signed with NTT DoCoMo Red Hurricanes Osaka for the 2020 Top League season. Unfortunately, he only played four games for the club. The competition was cancelled after round 6 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and McClutchie returned to New Zealand. In July 2020, McClutchie re-signed with Hawke's Bay for 2020 and 2021. During the 2020 Mitre 10 Cup season, the Magpies won the Ranfurly Shield (taking it off ), were successful in three more Ranfurly Shield defences (against , and ), and won the Mitre 10 Cup Championship, thus securing a well-deserved promotion to the Premiership division. The Magpies held on to the Shield during the entire 2021 Bunnings NPC season, winning all six Ranfurly Shield defences. McClutchie played an important role in his province's success and his efforts paid off. On 20 October 2021, Moana Pasifika announced that the new franchise had signed McClutchie for the 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season. He made his Super Rugby debut for Moana Pasifika in their inaugural game on 4 March 2022 against the . International career In 2016, following his first successful First XV season playing for Hastings Boys' High School, McClutchie was named in the New Zealand Barbarians Schools' team. He captained the team in its first game against Australian Schools, a game the NZ Barbarians Schools' team won 28– 17, with McClutchie scoring one of the tries. After that game, he was promoted to the New Zealand Secondary Schools team and played Australian Schools again, this time coming off the bench. NZ Schools won the game 32 to 22. In the official report of the match series, McClutchie was named as one of the standout performers. The following year, McClutchie was named in the New Zealand Secondary Schools team for a three-match international series in Australia. He played in all three games, including a 34 – 11 victory over Australian Schools in which he scored one of the tries. Reference list External links NZ Rugby History profile Top League 2020 player statistics Itsrugby.co.uk profile 1999 births Living people Ngāti Porou people People educated at Hastings Boys' High School New Zealand rugby union players Rugby union fly-halves Hawke's Bay rugby union players NTT DoCoMo Red Hurricanes Osaka players Moana Pasifika players Rugby union players from the Hawke's Bay Region

26052022

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina%20Schilling

Christina Schilling

Christina Schilling is a Danish songwriter, singer and musician. She has written songs for artists in Denmark, Sweden, Iceland, Ireland, Spain, Slovenia, Latvia, Lithuania and South Africa, and is part of the songwriting team Pixieland Productions. Schilling is a member, songwriter and vocalist of the jazz pop project Technicoloured Roses. Career As a songwriter, Schilling has worked with artists and producers from Europe as well as the USA, and written several songs for national Eurovision pre-selections and Eurovision Song Contest. In 2013 she co-wrote the winner of Viña del Mar International Song Festival 2013. In 2009 she represented Ireland with the song "Et Cetera" performed by Sinéad Mulvey & Black Daisy in Moscow, Russia. She also wrote and sang backing vocals for the runner up in the Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 2009, the Danish final, with the song "Someday" performed by the Icelandic singer Hera Björk, which became a big hit and secured a win for Denmark in the OGAE Second Chance Contest 2009. In 2010 she landed the Icelandic Top 20 Chart with the composition "Like Pantomime" performed by the Icelandic artist Erna Hrönn. In 2011 she co-wrote "Falling" sung by Nikki Kavanagh, which reached top 10 on iTunes, Ireland. Later that year the song "Volver" performed by Auryn took part in the Spanish pre-selection for Eurovision Song Contest, and was released on the group's album "Endless Road, 7058", which was awarded "Best New Album" by Televisión Española (TVE) and was a chart success reaching number 11 on PROMUSICAE, the official Spanish album chart. Her music has also been used in films and musicals, such as Bjørnen (The Bear) by Anton Chekhov in Copenhagen and Manny Quinn: The Musical in Dublin. Viña del Mar International Song Festival In 2013 Schilling co-wrote the winner of the internationally prestigious music competition Viña del Mar International Song Festival held in Chile. "Because You Can" was performed by the Icelandic artist Hera Björk. The song was written by Christina Schilling, Camilla Gottschalck, Hera Björk, Örlygur Smári and Jonas Gladnikoff. This was the first time in history a winner of Viña del Mar International Song Festival is written by Danish songwriters. Technicoloured Roses Schilling is a member, songwriter and vocalist of the jazz pop project Technicoloured Roses. Their first single was Keep On Playing, and in 2012 the group released their debut EP Planet of the Roses. Entries in Eurovision Song Contest and national selections Someday by Hera Björk (Denmark 2009), 2nd place in national final Et Cetera by Sinéad Mulvey & Black Daisy (Eurovision Song Contest 2009), 1st place in national selection, 11th place in Eurovision semi-final Tonight by Kafka ir Ruta (Lithuania 2010), 4th place in semi-final of national selection Falling by Nikki Kavanagh (Ireland 2011), 2nd place in national selection Sueños rotos by Melissa (Spain 2011), 5th place in national selection Volver by Auryn (Spain 2011), 2nd place in national selection Run by Eva Boto (Slovenia 2012), 4th place in national selection Fool In Love by Davids & Dinara (Latvia 2013), 11th place in national selection Conquer My Heart by Svetlana Bogdanova (Moldova 2013) 11th place in national selection Sound of Colours by Jurgis Bruzga (Lithuania 2015), 5th place in national selection Dangerous (S.O.S.) (Lithuania 2015), 3rd place in national selection References External links Pixieland Productions Living people Year of birth missing (living people) 21st-century Danish musicians 21st-century Danish women singers Danish women musicians Danish women composers Danish people of Korean descent

3044493

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate%20compensation%20depth

Carbonate compensation depth

The carbonate compensation depth (CCD) is the depth, in the oceans, at which the rate of supply of calcium carbonates matches the rate of solvation. That is, solvation 'compensates' supply. Below the CCD solvation is faster, so that carbonate particles dissolve and the carbonate shells (tests) of animals are not preserved. Carbonate particles cannot accumulate in the sediments where the sea floor is below this depth. Calcite is the least soluble of these carbonates, so the CCD is normally the compensation depth for calcite. The aragonite compensation depth (ACD) is the compensation depth for aragonitic carbonates. Aragonite is more soluble than calcite, and the aragonite compensation depth is generally shallower than both the calcite compensation depth and the CCD. Overview As shown in the diagram, biogenic calcium carbonate (CaCO3) tests are produced in the photic zone of the oceans (green circles). Upon death, those tests escaping dissolution near the surface settle, along with clay materials. In seawater, a dissolution boundary is formed as a result of temperature, pressure, and depth, and is known as the saturation horizon. Above this horizon, waters are supersaturated and CaCO3 tests are largely preserved. Below it, waters are undersaturated, because of both the increasing solubility with depth and the release of CO2 from organic matter decay, and CaCO3 will dissolve. The sinking velocity of debris is rapid (broad pale arrows), so dissolution occurs primarily at the sediment surface. At the carbonate compensation depth, the rate of dissolution exactly matches the rate of supply of CaCO3 from above. At steady state this depth, the CCD, is similar to the snowline (the first depth where carbonate-poor sediments occur). The lysocline is the depth interval between the saturation and carbonate compensation depths. Solubility of carbonate Calcium carbonate is essentially insoluble in sea surface waters today. Shells of dead calcareous plankton sinking to deeper waters are practically unaltered until reaching the lysocline, the point about 3.5 km deep past which the solubility increases dramatically with depth and pressure. By the time the CCD is reached all calcium carbonate has dissolved according to this equation: CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O <=> Ca^2+ (aq) + 2HCO_3^- (aq) Calcareous plankton and sediment particles can be found in the water column above the CCD. If the sea bed is above the CCD, bottom sediments can consist of calcareous sediments called calcareous ooze, which is essentially a type of limestone or chalk. If the exposed sea bed is below the CCD tiny shells of CaCO3 will dissolve before reaching this level, preventing deposition of carbonate sediment. As the sea floor spreads, thermal subsidence of the plate, which has the effect of increasing depth, may bring the carbonate layer below the CCD; the carbonate layer may be prevented from chemically interacting with the sea water by overlying sediments such as a layer of siliceous ooze or abyssal clay deposited on top of the carbonate layer. Variations in value of the CCD The exact value of the CCD depends on the solubility of calcium carbonate which is determined by temperature, pressure and the chemical composition of the water – in particular the amount of dissolved in the water. Calcium carbonate is more soluble at lower temperatures and at higher pressures. It is also more soluble if the concentration of dissolved is higher. Adding a reactant to the above chemical equation pushes the equilibrium towards the right producing more products: Ca2+ and HCO3−, and consuming more reactants and calcium carbonate according to Le Chatelier's principle. At the present time the CCD in the Pacific Ocean is about 4200–4500 metres except beneath the equatorial upwelling zone, where the CCD is about 5000 m. In the temperate and tropical Atlantic Ocean the CCD is at approximately 5000 m. In the Indian Ocean it is intermediate between the Atlantic and the Pacific at approximately 4300 meters. The variation in the depth of the CCD largely results from the length of time since the bottom water has been exposed to the surface; this is called the "age" of the water mass. Thermohaline circulation determines the relative ages of the water in these basins. Because organic material, such as fecal pellets from copepods, sink from the surface waters into deeper water, deep water masses tend to accumulate dissolved carbon dioxide as they age. The oldest water masses have the highest concentrations of and therefore the shallowest CCD. The CCD is relatively shallow in high latitudes with the exception of the North Atlantic and regions of Southern Ocean where downwelling occurs. This downwelling brings young, surface water with relatively low concentrations of carbon dioxide into the deep ocean, depressing the CCD. In the geological past the depth of the CCD has shown significant variation. In the Cretaceous through to the Eocene the CCD was much shallower globally than it is today; due to intense volcanic activity during this period atmospheric concentrations were much higher. Higher concentrations of resulted in a higher partial pressure of over the ocean. This greater pressure of atmospheric leads to increased dissolved in the ocean mixed surface layer. This effect was somewhat moderated by the deep oceans' elevated temperatures during this period. In the late Eocene the transition from a greenhouse to an icehouse Earth coincided with a deepened CCD. John Murray investigated and experimented on the dissolution of calcium carbonate and was first to identify the carbonate compensation depth in oceans. Climate change impacts Increasing atmospheric concentration of from combustion of fossil fuels are causing the CCD to rise, with zones of downwelling first being affected. Ocean acidification, which is also caused by increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere, will increase such dissolution and shallow the carbonate compensation depth on timescales of tens to hundreds of years. Sedimentary ooze On the sea floors above the carbonate compensation depth, the most commonly found ooze is calcareous ooze; on the sea floors below the carbonate compensation depth, the most commonly found ooze is siliceous ooze. While calcareous ooze mostly consists of Rhizaria, siliceous ooze mostly consists of Radiolaria and Diatom. See also Carbonate pump Great Calcite Belt Lysocline Ocean acidification References Oceanography

49880178

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil%20Davey

Neil Davey

Neil William Davey (2 February 1921 – 5 July 2019) was an Australian public servant who oversaw Australia's transition from pounds, shillings and pence to decimal currency. He has been referred to in the media as Australia's "Mr. Decimal". Early life, education, and military service Neil William Davey was born in Wangaratta, Victoria, Australia, on 2 February 1921. He left school when he was 14, and went to work as a telegraph messenger. In 1938 he became a telegraphist at the Melbourne Central Telegraph Office. During the Second World War he enlisted in the Australian Army at Prahran, Victoria, on 27 May 1941. He transferred to the Second Australian Imperial Force on 22 August 1942, and was allotted the service number VX106930. He served with Southern Command Signals, III Corps Signals, and the 8th Telegraph Operating Section. It was with this last unit that he embarked from Brisbane for overseas service on 13 November 1944. He served at Hollandia, and on Morotai, and was promoted to corporal on 17 January 1945. He returned to Australia on 9 April 1946, and was discharged from the Army on 16 April. For his service, he was awarded the 1939–1945 Star, the Pacific Star, the War Medal and the Australia Service Medal. Davey married Maria Vrachnas on 8 December 1948. The wedding ceremony was conducted in Greek Orthodox tradition, and both would later recall that "they did not understand a word of it". They had two sons together, Nicholas and Stephen. He enrolled in night school at the University of Melbourne, from which he graduated in 1950 with a Bachelor of Commerce (equal 1st class Honours). He completed his Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Economics at the London School of Economics in 1957 under the supervision of Richard Sidney Sayers. His field of study was the history of monetary thought and his PhD dissertation was titled The Decimal Coinage Controversy in England. Decimal currency work In an Australian Financial Review article dated 12 February 2016, "How a New Currency Reflected the Confidence of a Nation", Selwyn Cornish, official historian of the Reserve Bank of Australia and honorary associate professor in the Research School of Economics at the Australian National University, stated "Davey was responsible for two critical decisions. Against the advice of some of his superiors in the Treasury, who argued in favour of basing the new currency on the pound (20 shillings), Davey took a contrary view, arguing that 10 shillings be used as the base. With 12 pence to the shilling, and using 10 shillings as the base for the new currency, one cent would be equivalent to 1.2 pence. In contrast, using the pound as the base, a cent would be worth 2.4 pence. Davey regarded this to be too high. It would give rise to higher prices and would probably require the circulation of a half-cent coin. As with the naming of the new currency, common sense prevailed. Davey was also successful in arguing that owners of cash registers and other accounting machines should be subsidised for the cost of converting their machines to the decimal system. This, too, assisted the smooth transfer to the new currency. On 2 May 1969, Sir Walter D. Scott wrote to Treasurer William McMahon: In October 2015, Terry Larkin (Principal Private Secretary to the Treasurer Harold Holt 1960 and 1962) stated: "Neil’s superior intellectual and managerial gifts applied to public service at the highest level of government give Neil a lasting place in the economic history of Australia – most notably in the 'nation building' event of Australia’s change to its own, unique decimal currency in February 1966 – and before and afterwards in the direction and expansion of Australia’s overseas economic and financial relations, especially in Asia." On 10 August 2015, the Director General of the National Archives of Australia, David Fricker, referred to Davey's thesis as the "foundation document" upon which the national change to decimal currency was based. Davey served as Minister (Financial) at the Australian High Commission in London from 1974 to 1979. He then became the Australian Director on the Board of the Asian Development Bank, based in Manila in the Philippines. Later years and death Davey retired in February 1984, and was appointed chairman of the Asian Development Fund Committee, a post he held for four years. He was made an Officer of the Order of Australia in the 2016 Queen's Birthday Honours. Davey died at Calvary Hospital, Canberra, on 5 July 2019. His wife, Maria, had died five days earlier. References 1921 births 2019 deaths Australian public servants Officers of the Order of Australia People from Wangaratta University of Melbourne alumni Alumni of the London School of Economics Australian Army personnel of World War II Australian Army soldiers

11268981

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnuszew

Magnuszew

Magnuszew is a village in Kozienice County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Magnuszew. It lies approximately north-west of Kozienice and south-east of Warsaw. In 2012 the village, located near the Vistula river, had a population of 800 (2012). It was the site of a major battle in August 1944 during World War II, when the Soviet army established a strategic bridgehead in its vicinity, on the west bank of the Vistula. History The oldest settlement dates from the 12th century when the village, then called Magnussewo, was founded by one of the early Dukes of Masovia. In 1377, when the village was owned by Świętosław, it received certain autonomy rights (Magdeburg Rights) from Duke Siemowit IV. In 1576, as a result of war damage and fires that destroyed numerous wooden buildings, Magnuszew was demoted to the rank of a village. Later owners of Magnuszew were the Potocki family and - particularly powerful - the Zamoyski family. In 1655 during the Swedish Deluge, the village was burned down by the soldiers of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden. It was rebuilt, but physically moved in 1774, possibly because of changes in the course of the River Vistula. In 1776 the new owner, Andrzej Zamoyski, restored the rank of the settlement as a city, due to a privilege granted by King Stanisław August Poniatowski. However, only two years later, in 1778, the village was again destroyed by a large fire. In the following years the city experienced numerous fires and floods, and the population declined dramatically due to epidemics such as cholera and smallpox. These various disasters left Magnuszew impoverished and once more the settlement lost its status as a city. In around 1800 German and Jewish immigrants arrived in Magnuszew. The German settlers built farmhouses on higher ground along the banks of the Vistula. The alluvial flats near the river remained uninhabited because of flooding that hit the area at least twice a year, until levees were built in the late 19th century. Historical and linguistic research indicates that the Germans arrived from similar settlements further downstream along the Vistula. The origin of the Jewish population settling in Magnuszew is unknown. They formed a congregation that had 330 members in 1827. The most well-known of the congregation was the founder and first Rebbe of the Ger Hasidic dynasty, Yitzchak Meir Alter. The Polish-Catholic and Jewish populations were roughly equal in numbers over time until World War II. Together they accounted for 80-90 percent of the local population (until 1942). Aside from a very few exceptions, the Poles were Catholics, and spoke Polish, the Germans were Lutherans and talked a Low German dialect, and the Jews were Jewish and spoke Yiddish. In the course of the following 150 years, the settlement witnessed frequent changes of political regimes (French, Russian and German). On 1 June 1869, under the ukase of Emperor Alexander II of Russia, Magnuszew lost its city rights. In World War I, the Tsarist army deported the German and Polish inhabitants of Magnuszew to the River Volga and other remote areas of Russia. As a result of the deportations and other losses the village's population decreased heavily between 1913 (3,206) and 1921 (1,568). A second wave of deportations, accompanied by ethnic cleansing, hit Magnuszew in World War II, when the German occupants deported its Polish inhabitants to Germany as slave workers, while the Jewish population was imprisoned in a ghetto in Magnuszew. In 1942 the ghetto was liquidated, and the Jews were either shot on the spot or transported to the Treblinka extermination camp where they were killed by gas. In 1944, as part of Operation Bagration, the Red Army established a bridgehead at Magnuszew, (at times also called the Warka bridgehead). Heavy fighting between Soviet and German forces occurred when the bridgehead was established, and even more fighting occurred in January 1945 when the Red Army broke out of the bridgehead heading for Berlin. The town was almost completely destroyed. References External links Jewish Community in Magnuszew on Virtual Shtetl Upstream Vistula by Jutta Dennerlein Bibliography Frank Meyer, Å se verden fra grenselandet. Det nasjonale og det transnasjonale i lokalhistorien, Historisk tidsskrift (Norwegian), 90 (2011): 213–232. ISSN print: 0018-263X ISSN online: 1504-2944 Villages in Kozienice County Radom Governorate Kielce Voivodeship (1919–1939) Holocaust locations in Poland

9622100

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverside%20Polytechnic%20High%20School

Riverside Polytechnic High School

Riverside Polytechnic High School is a four-year public high school in Riverside, California, United States, and part of the Riverside Unified School District. The current facility, located on Victoria Avenue, was opened in September 1965; the traditions of the school go back to 1887, then known as the Riverside High School, making Riverside Polytechnic the oldest high school in the city. History Riverside Polytechnic High School traces its heritage from 1887, when the newly formed city of Riverside needed higher education for the community. The first joint elementary and high school's first graduating class in 1890 comprised seven students—four girls and three boys. Eugenie Fuller was its principal. When classes grew too large in 1902, a new co-educational high school building was constructed on Ninth Street between Lemon and Lime Streets, and the original 14th Street building became the Grant School, serving grades 3–8. In 1910, Riverside High School's enrollment was approximately 500 students, and new facilities were required. In 1911, the genders were separated, creating a Girls High School at the Ninth Street building, and the Polytechnic High School for boys at a newly constructed campus on Terracina Avenue. Fuller continued as principal of the Girls High School, and Mr. J.E. McKown was appointed principal of the Riverside Polytechnic High School. In 1916, the Polytechnic High School began offering postgraduate classes. The Riverside Junior College District was formed in 1920, and the Riverside Junior College moved out of the high school to an adjacent property. World War I brought changes to both high school campuses. The earlier enrollment explosion waned as young men joined the armed forces. In 1924, the school board created a junior high school level and consolidated the senior high schools into one co-educational school. A new Applied Arts Building provided Home Economics and "other facilities for the girls." The old Girls High School now served as a Girls Junior High School, while the Boys Junior High School was located at the old Grant School. 1924–25 saw the Junior College and the Senior High School with growing enrollments, and so provided separate administrations for each. There were 202 seniors in 1924. During World War II, many Poly girls worked with a federal government–sponsored group called the High School Victory Corps. The girls helped make bandages and other needed items, or worked in essential industries after school. All who took part in these activities were volunteers. In 1944, the Victory Corps was discontinued at Poly. In the 1940s, there was a tradition that each incoming class at the school would be given an unflattering nickname that would remain with the class until their graduation. For example, the class of 1951 was dubbed the "Geeks" and the class of 1953 was the "Orts". In 1956, double sessions at Poly were needed until a second high school, Ramona High, could be built. As high school enrollment continued to grow, it was evident that a third high school would be needed in Riverside. In 1960, a new high school, Rubidoux, shared the Poly campus until its campus could be completed in 1961. In 1965, Poly separated from the junior college campus and a site on the corner of Central and Victoria Avenues was built, along with a high school on Third Street and Chicago Avenue, named North High. Both high schools opened their doors in September 1965, with the Victoria site keeping the traditional name of Riverside Polytechnic High School. Since that time, Poly High School classes have taken place on the present site. Riverside Polytechnic High School is home to one of the original, still active Army Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) units, established in 1917 and was originally called the Poly High Cadet Corps. It is the oldest JROTC program west of the Mississippi River, and second oldest in the United States. In 1970 it was among the first JROTC units to offer a girls program There were 51 young men making up the Class of 1916, known as the "Stags of 1916". There were 18 faculty members. This class was the first to complete the four-year course offered in the new building. Notable alumni Notable instructors Edmund Jaeger – noted naturalist, his first zoology class in 1921 had 3 students References External links Official School website Polytechnic Public high schools in California Educational institutions established in 1887 1887 establishments in California

56691697

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaya%20Mehta

Jaya Mehta

Jaya Vallabhdas Mehta is a Gujarati poet, critic and translator from Gujarat, India. She was educated and later worked at SNDT Women's University. Life Jaya Mehta was born on 16 August 1932 at Koliyak village near Bhavnagar (now in Bhavnagar district, Gujarat, India) to Lalitaben and Vallabhdas. She completed P. T. C. and started working as a school teacher. She continued her studies and completed her B. A. in 1954 and her M. A. in 1963 from SNDT Women's University, Mumbai. She later received her Ph.D. . She served as a professor of Gujarati at SNDT Women's University and retired from there. She was a co-editor of Sudha (weekly of Saurashtra Trust) and Vivechan (trimonthly of Department of Gujarati, SNDT Women's University). She wrote columns in Pravasi, Mumbai Samachar and Samkalin dailies. Works Jaya Mehta writes rationalist poetry in free verse. Her poetry is logical and socially aware instead of enclosed in emotional world. Her poetry collections are Venetian Blind (1978), Ek Divas (1982), Akashma Tarao Choop Chhe (1985), Hospital Peoms (1987). Renu and Ek Aa Khare Pandadu (1989) are her novels. Venetian Blind and Akashma Tarao Chhup Chhe reflect her "concern for the human predicament". Manogat (1980), Kavyazankhi (1985), Ane Anusandhan (1986), Bookshelf (1991) are her works of criticism. She has edited Kavi Priy Kavita (1976), Varta Vishwa (co-edited, 1980), Suresh Dalalna Shreshth Kavyo (1985), Apna Shresth Nibandho (1991), Raghupati Raghav Rajaram (2007). Her research works include Gujarati Kavita Ane Natakma Hasyavinod, Gujaratna Prashsti Kavyo (1965), Gujarati Lekhikaoe Navalkatha-Varta Sahityama Alekhelu Streenu Chitra. Vimanthi Wheelchair is her travelogue. She has translated several works. Mara Mitro (1969), Arati Prabhu (1978), Mannu Karan (1978), Churchbell (1980), Chani (1981), Ravindranath: Tran Vyakhyano, Saundaryamimansa (co-translated), Champo Ane Himpushpa, Samudrayalni Prachand Garjana, Revenue Stamp (Autobiography of Amrita Pritam, 1983), Dastavej (1985), Suvarna Mudra Ane... (1991). Radha, Kunti, Draupadi (2001), Vyasmudra are her translations. She also translated Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea into Gujarati. She translated S L Bhyrappa's novel Daatu into Gujarati in 1992. Awards She received the Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize for her translations. See also List of Gujarati-language writers References 1932 births Living people Women writers from Gujarat Gujarati-language poets Gujarati-language writers Poets from Gujarat Indian women translators Indian editors Indian columnists Indian women novelists Indian literary critics Indian women literary critics People from Bhavnagar district SNDT Women's University alumni 20th-century Indian translators 20th-century Indian poets 20th-century Indian novelists Novelists from Gujarat 20th-century Indian women writers Indian women columnists 20th-century translators 21st-century translators Translators to Gujarati Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation

25312638

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair%20whorl%20%28horse%29

Hair whorl (horse)

A hair whorl is a patch of hair growing in the opposite direction of the rest of the hair. Hair whorls can occur on animals with hairy coats, and are often found on horses and cows. Locations where whorls are found in equines include the stomach, face, stifle and hocks. Hair whorls in horses are also known as crowns, swirls, trichoglyphs, or cowlicks. Hair whorls are sometimes classified according to the direction of hair growth (e.g. clockwise or counterclockwise), shape, or other physical characteristics. Anecdotal evidence claims a statistical correlation between the location, number, or type of whorls and behaviour or temperament in horses and other species (but see Correlation does not imply causation). There is some research suggesting that the direction of hair whorls may correlate to a horse's preference for the right or left lead and other directionality. History The theories that hair whorls could describe various physical and personality characteristics in horses have been around for thousands of years. There are references of hair whorls in the works of the Indian sage Salihotra. Bedouin horsemen used whorls to determine the value of horses for sale. One Arabian horse has been recorded with 40 whorls on his body, although the average horse has around six. Bedouins looked for whorls between the horse's ears as a sign of swiftness, and if there were any on either side of the neck, they were known as the 'finger of the Prophet'. One legend of whorls is the "Prophet's Thumbprint" a birthmark in the form of an indentation, usually found on the side of a horse’s neck, totally harmless although it comes with a legend. The Prophet Mohammed was wandering the desert with his herd of horses for many days, and as they approached an oasis he sent them forth to drink. But as the thirsty horses approached the water, he called them back. Only five of his mares stopped and returned to him, and to thank them for their loyalty he blessed them by pressing his thumbprint into their necks. It’s believed that a horse with such a mark will be outstanding, being a descendant of one of these brood mares that the Prophet Mohammed particularly treasured. Other Bedouin beliefs include: A whorl on the chest meant prosperity. A whorl on the girth was a sign of good fortune, and an increase in flocks A whorl on the flank was known as a 'spur whorl' and if curved up meant safety in battle; if inclined downwards it meant prosperity. The Byerley Turk, a founding sire of the Thoroughbred breed, was said to have spur whorls and was never hurt in battle. The Whorl of the Sultan was located on the windpipe, and meant love and prosperity. Whorls above the eyes meant the master was to die of a head injury The whorl of the coffin was located close to the withers. If sloping downwards towards the shoulder it meant the rider would die in the saddle, probably in battle or from a gunshot. Classification There are several types of whorls on horses: Simple: hairs draw into a single point from all directions Tufted: hairs converges and piles up into a tuft Linear: hair growing in opposite directions meet along the same line vertically Crested: hair growing in opposite directions meet to form a crest Feathered: hair meets along a line but at an angle to form a feathered pattern Relation to behaviour Several studies have reported a statistical relationship between the location, number, or type of whorls and behaviour or temperament in horses. One study of 219 working horses found a relation between the direction of facial hair whorls and motor laterality; right-lateralised horses had significantly more clockwise facial hair whorls and left-lateralised horses had significantly more counter-clockwise facial hair whorls. Konik horses with a single whorl located above their eyes were rated as more difficult to handle whereas horses that also had a single whorl but located below or right in between their eyes were easier to handle. Whorls that were found to be elongated or doubled acted the most cautious when coming up to an unfamiliar object. They looked longer and were slower to approaching then the single whorled horses. Lundy ponies with 'left' whorls score highly on calmness, placidness, enthusiasm and friendliness, whereas those with 'right' whorls score highly on wariness, associated flightiness and unfriendliness. Ponies with two facial whorls are rated as significantly more 'enthusiastic' and less 'wary' than those with one or three facial whorls. Whorls on Thoroughbred horses may be physical indicators of a predisposition to perform repetitive abnormal behaviours, i.e. stereotypies. References Identification of domesticated animals Ethology Horse coat colors

22103184

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GHS%20hazard%20statements

GHS hazard statements

Hazard statements form part of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). They are intended to form a set of standardized phrases about the hazards of chemical substances and mixtures that can be translated into different languages. As such, they serve the same purpose as the well-known R-phrases, which they are intended to replace. Hazard statements are one of the key elements for the labelling of containers under the GHS, along with: an identification of the product one or more hazard pictograms (where necessary) a signal word – either Danger or Warning – where necessary precautionary statements, indicating how the product should be handled to minimize risks to the user (as well as to other people and the general environment) the identity of the supplier (who might be a manufacturer or importer). Each hazard statement is designated a code, starting with the letter H and followed by three digits. Statements which correspond to related hazards are grouped together by code number, so the numbering is not consecutive. The code is used for reference purposes, for example to help with translations, but it is the actual phrase which should appear on labels and safety data sheets. Physical hazards Health hazards Environmental hazards Country-specific hazard statements European Union The European Union has implemented the GHS through the CLP Regulation. Nevertheless, the older system based on the Dangerous Substances Directive was used in parallel until June 2015. Some R-phrases which do not have simple equivalents under the GHS have been retained under the CLP Regulation: the numbering mirrors the number of the previous R-phrase. Physical properties EUH006: Explosive with or without contact with air, deleted in the fourth adaptation to technical progress of CLP. EUH014: Reacts violently with water EUH018: In use may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture EUH019: May form explosive peroxides EUH044: Risk of explosion if heated under confinement Health properties EUH029: Contact with water liberates toxic gas EUH031: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas EUH032: Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas EUH066: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking EUH070: Toxic by eye contact EUH071: Corrosive to the respiratory tract EUH380: May cause endocrine disruption in humans EUH381: Suspected of causing endocrine disruption in humans Environmental properties EUH059: Hazardous to the ozone layer, superseded by GHS Class 5.1 in the second adaptation to technical progress of CLP. EUH430: May cause endocrine disruption in the environment EUH431: Suspected of causing endocrine disruption in the environment EUH440: Accumulates in the environment and living organisms including in humans EUH441: Strongly accumulates in the environment and living organisms including in humans EUH450: Can cause long-lasting and diffuse contamination of water resources EUH451: Can cause very long-lasting and diffuse contamination of water resources Other EU hazard statements Some other hazard statements intended for use in very specific circumstances have also been retained under the CLP Regulation. In this case, the numbering of the EU specific hazard statements can coincide with GHS hazard statements if the "EU" prefix is not included. EUH201: Contains lead. Should not be used on surfaces liable to be chewed or sucked by children. EUH201A: Warning! Contains lead. EUH202: Cyanoacrylate. Danger. Bonds skin and eyes in seconds. Keep out of the reach of children. EUH203: Contains chromium(VI). May produce an allergic reaction. EUH204: Contains isocyanates. May produce an allergic reaction. EUH205: Contains epoxy constituents. May produce an allergic reaction. EUH206: Warning! Do not use together with other products. May release dangerous gases (chlorine). EUH207: Warning! Contains cadmium. Dangerous fumes are formed during use. See information supplied by the manufacturer. Comply with the safety instructions. EUH208: Contains <name of sensitising substance>. May produce an allergic reaction. EUH209: Can become highly flammable in use. EUH209A: Can become flammable in use. EUH210: Safety data sheet available on request. EUH211: Warning! Hazardous respirable droplets may be formed when sprayed. Do not breathe spray or mist. EUH401: To avoid risks to human health and the environment, comply with the instructions for use. Australia The GHS was adopted in Australia from 1 January 2012 and becomes mandatory in States and Territories that have adopted the harmonised Work Health and Safety laws (other than Victoria and Western Australia) as of 1 January 2017. The National Code of Practice for the Preparation of Safety Data Sheets for Hazardous Chemicals includes 12 Australian-specific GHS Hazard Statements, as follows: Physical hazard statements AUH001: Explosive without moisture AUH006: Explosive with or without contact with air AUH014: Reacts violently with water AUH018: In use, may form a flammable/explosive vapor-air mixture AUH019: May form explosive peroxides AUH044: Risk of explosion if heated under confinement Human health hazard statements AUH029: Contact with water liberates toxic gas AUH031: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas Additional non-GHS hazard statements AUH032: Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas AUH066: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking AUH070: Toxic by eye contact AUH071: Corrosive to the respiratory tract New Zealand As of March 2009, the relevant New Zealand regulations under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 do not specify the exact wording required for hazard statements. However, the New Zealand classification system includes three categories of environmental hazard which are not included in the GHS Rev.2: Ecotoxicity to soil environment Ecotoxicity to terrestrial vertebrates Ecotoxicity to terrestrial invertebrates These are classes 9.2–9.4 respectively of the New Zealand classification scheme, and are divided into subclasses according to the degree of hazard. Substances in subclass 9.2D ("Substances that are slightly harmful in the soil environment") do not require a hazard statement, while substances in the other subclasses require an indication of the general degree of hazard and general type of hazard. Notes References ("GHS Rev.4") ("GHS Rev.2") (New Zealand) (New Zealand) (the "CLP Regulation") External links Chemical Hazard & Precautionary Phrases in 23 European Languages, machine-readable and versioned Hazard statements

24689168

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Bachelor%20%28American%20season%2014%29

The Bachelor (American season 14)

The Bachelor: On the Wings of Love is the fourteenth season of ABC reality television series The Bachelor. The season premiere aired on January 4, 2010. The show features 31-year-old Jake Pavelka, a pilot from Dallas, Texas, courting 25 women. Pavelka finished in seventh place on season 5 of The Bachelorette featuring Jillian Harris. It is the first season of The Bachelor to be broadcast in high definition. The season concluded on March 1, 2010, with Pavelka choosing to propose to 23-year-old marketing rep Vienna Girardi. The couple ended their engagement in June 2010. Contestants Biographical information according to ABC official series site, plus footnoted additions Future appearances Dancing with the Stars Jake Pavelka competed in the tenth season of Dancing with the Stars. He partnered with Chelsie Hightower and finished in 7th place. The Bachelorette Ali Fedotowsky was chosen as the bachelorette for the sixth season of The Bachelorette. Bachelor Pad Runner-up Tenley Molzahn, along with contestants Gia Allemand, Ashley Elmore, Elizabeth Kitt, Michelle Kujawa and Jessie Sulidis, returned for the inaugural season of Bachelor Pad. Michelle was eliminated in week 1, Jessie in week 2, Gia in week 3, and Ashley in week 5. Elizabeth and her partner, Jesse Kovacs, were eliminated at the beginning of week 6, finishing in 3rd place. Tenley and her partner, Kiptyn Locke, were eliminated at the end of week 6, finishing as the runners-up. Jake, Gia, Vienna Girardi, and Ella Nolan, returned for the second season of Bachelor Pad. Gia quit in week 2, and Jake was eliminated in week 3. Ella and her partner, Kirk DeWindt, were eliminated at the beginning of week 6, finishing in 4th place. Vienna and her partner, Kasey Kahl, were eliminated at the end of week 6, finishing in 3rd place. Bachelor in Paradise Season 1 Michelle returned for the inaugural season of Bachelor in Paradise. She quit in week 1. Season 2 Tenley returned for the second season of Paradise. She broke up with Joshua Albers in week 6. Other appearances Outside of the Bachelor Nation franchise, Tenley and Michelle appeared as contestants in the Bachelors vs. Bachelorettes special on the season 7 of Wipeout. Call-out order The contestant received the first impression rose The contestant received a rose during the date The contestant was eliminated The contestant was eliminated during the date The contestant quit the competition The contestant received a rose during the date but disqualified from the competition The contestant moved on to the next week by default The previously eliminated contestant asked for a chance to return the competition but denied The contestant won the competition Episodes Post-show After the Final Rose This is the special episode which airs after every finale. In season 14's segment, Jake told Chris Harrison about Bachelor Pad, Ali was chosen as the next bachelorette in the sixth season of The Bachelorette. Jake and Vienna were seen in a public appearance as a couple, Jeffrey Osborne sang "On the Wings of Love" at the closing of the show. In June 2010, several months after their engagement, it was announced that Jake and Vienna Girardi had split. Deaths Gia Allemand On August 14, 2013, third-place contestant Gia Allemand died after a reported suicide attempt. Several contestants as well as Pavelka expressed their condolences via Twitter, with Pavelka saying, "I am in complete shock and devastated to hear the news about Gia. She was one of the sweetest people I have ever known. And a very dear friend. My heart goes out to her family during this very difficult time. We have lost an angel today. I miss you Gia...". Alexa McAllister On 16 February 2016, Alexa (Lex) McAllister died after an apparent suicide attempt in Columbus, Ohio, as reported by TMZ. Per E!News, the local police said that on 13 February they'd received a call in which it was claimed that McAllister had overdosed on prescription drugs. While McAllister was in a stable condition on her way to Grant Medical Center, then E!News got access to a police report, which stated that she had taken "a lot" of pills. Her family took her off life support after her health began to deteriorate. McAllister was 31. Pavelka tweeted his condolences on Twitter, "I'm so sad to hear about Alexa. Such a beautiful girl. My heart breaks for her family. Covering them in prayer during this rough time". Jake Pavelka Jake Pavelka grew up in Denton, Texas, and attended University of North Texas and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. In his free time, he takes dancing lessons, woodworking, and has fun flying acrobatic planes and he is also a former child actor. Pavelka is an airline pilot, and took his first flying lessons at 12 years old. He also became a certified flight instructor when he was 23 years old. Pavelka became a member of an ABC reality show for the third time when he appeared as a celebrity contestant on the tenth season of Dancing with the Stars, partnered with Chelsie Hightower he was the fifth competitor eliminated on April 27, 2010. Notes References External links The Bachelor (American TV series) seasons 2010 American television seasons Television shows filmed in California Television shows filmed in New York City Television shows filmed in Massachusetts Television shows filmed in Oregon Television shows filmed in Florida Television shows filmed in Saint Lucia

68926301

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow%20%282022%20film%29

Rainbow (2022 film)

Rainbow is a 2022 Spanish fantasy drama film directed by Paco León, loosely based on L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. The film stars Dora Postigo, Áyax Pedrosa, Wekaforé Jibril (Spirit Disco), Carmen Maura, Carmen Machi and Luis Bermejo. The film premiered at the 70th San Sebastián International Film Festival on 18 September 2022. It later received a release in select theatres in Spain on 23 September 2022, and a streaming debut on Netflix on 30 September. Premise The film, "not a musical film" but featuring "a lot of music" according to Paco León, follows the coming-of-age story of a teenager with an extraordinary musical talent (Dora) leaving home alongside her dog Toto upon a quarrel with her father Diego, embarking on a journey to 'Ciudad Capital'. Cast Production Rainbow is inspired on L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. Paco León co-wrote the screenplay alongside Javier Gullón, and is also credited as producer. Produced by Telecinco Cinema in collaboration with Los amigos de Dorothy AIE, and the participation of Andy Joke and Colosé Producciones, filming began on 2 August 2021. Shooting locations included the Madrid region and the provinces of Segovia, Guadalajara, Toledo and Alicante. Netflix reported the wrap in October 2021. Other crew duties were entrusted to Marc Miró (cinematography), and Ana Álvarez-Ossorio (editing), whereas Diego Postigo helmed the coordination of the musical production. Release The film had its world premiere at the 70th San Sebastián International Film Festival's 'Velodrome' section on 18 September 2022. It was released in select theatres on 23 September 2022, followed by a worldwide release on Netflix streaming on 30 September 2022. Reception Fernando Bernal of Cinemanía rated the film 1 out of 5 stars, writing that León's "road movie never manages to pick up speed" and its sequences "falter within their own rhythm". Elsa Fernández-Santos of El País wrote about a film "capable of both the best and the worst", featuring an awry catharsis somewhat amended by a beautiful epilogue, resulting into an "uneven and largely botched film", even if having the courage to look to the future". Raquel Hernández Luján of HobbyConsolas scored 40 out of 100 points ("bad"), deeming it to be an "immature and pretentious" proposal, with "clumsy" metaphors, and a final party that ends up becoming "irritating". John Serba of Decider.com considered that the film "boasts enough compelling and creative pieces and parts to merit a recommendation, even if they don't quite come together as a whole". Accolades |- | rowspan = "2" align = "center" | 2023 || rowspan = "2" | 2nd Carmen Awards || Best Adapted Screenplay || Paco León, Javier Gullón || || rowspan = "2" | |- | Best New Actor || Ayax Pedrosa || |} See also List of Spanish films of 2022 References External links 2022 drama films 2022 films 2022 fantasy films 2020s coming-of-age drama films 2020s fantasy drama films 2020s Spanish films 2020s Spanish-language films Films based on The Wizard of Oz Magic realism films Films shot in the Community of Madrid Films shot in the province of Guadalajara Films shot in the province of Segovia Films shot in the province of Toledo Spanish coming-of-age drama films Spanish fantasy drama films Spanish-language Netflix original films Telecinco Cinema films

70162844

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltcellar%20with%20Portuguese%20Figures

Saltcellar with Portuguese Figures

The Saltcellar with Portuguese Figures is a salt cellar in carved ivory, made in the Kingdom of Benin in West Africa in the 16th century, for the European market. It is attributed to an unknown master or workshop who has been given the name Master of the Heraldic Ship by art historians. It depicts four Portuguese figures, two of higher class and the other two are possibly guards protecting them. In the 16th century Portuguese visitors ordered ivory salt cellars and ivory spoons like this, specifically this Afro-Portuguese ivory salt cellar was carved in the style of a Benin court ivory, comparable to the famous Benin bronzes and Benin ivory masks. These kinds of ivory arts were commissioned and exported initially from Sierra Leone and later Benin City, Nigeria. During the age of exploration European powers expanded their trade and efforts towards establishing trade posts in the New World, Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Portuguese sailors disembarked from their caravels to buy goods for trading like ivory, gold, and others. These goods were taken from markets to colonial outposts to Portugal and then traded within European markets. During the 16th and 17th century countries that participated in colonialism reaped the economical benefits from its international trade. The salt cellar was probably carved for a Portuguese nobleman to put it on his dining table. It is one of four almost identical pieces, probably made as a set. The other three are now in European museums. Ivory salt cellars and ivory spoons like the Sapi-Portuguese Ivory Spoon, also in the Metropolitan, were common pieces of art that Portuguese sailors brought back from West African countries. There are no records of the order for this commission but it is believed that a Benin Ivory carver produced this in the Benin Kingdom, in modern day Nigeria. Description The figures, in high relief form a circle around the shaft of the elephant tusk, supporting the bowl at top used to hold the salt. The amount and type of decoration indicates that this piece was created in a Benin court. Two of the four male figures are from clearly of a higher rank, probably from a higher class. They are more elaborately carved and shown frontally, while the other two have less ornament and are shown in profile. The men on the front and on the back are dressed with elaborate clothes with a cross necklace, showing they are European Christians. In addition they are wearing hats and holding spears in their left hand. The style used to carve the ivory piece may be intended to be somewhat grotesque. In Afro-Portuguese ivories there are three African elements that are fundamental to call a piece African art: a focus on the human figure, an enunciation of the parts and a preference for pure geometric forms. Individuals are presented as the main subject in African art usually depicting an important figure like royalty or a deity, this is shown in the ivory salt cellar and other Benin Bronzes. The faces of each man are bigger with their long beards and deep eyes than their body while keeping their proportions in check. The geometry of the pattern of the men's clothing, the socket of the spear is another example where this geometry is repeated. Background The kingdom of Benin existed in the southwestern region of Nigeria in modern Edo state, Nigeria. According to scholars the kingdom of Benin (also known as the Edo Kingdom, or the Benin Empire) originated around the year 900 by the Ogiso kings, it is said between the eleventh and the thirteenth a member from the Oba dynasty would take control of the state. This dynasty would rule until 1897 when the British occupied the kingdom of Benin in February 9. The kingdom reached its peak during the rule of Ewuare the Great, he ruled from 1440 to 1473. King Ewuare expanded its natural borders and introduced wood and ivory carving to the kingdom. One of the first recorded visits to Benin City was made by Portuguese explorer, João Afonso de Aveiro in 1486. After contact with the Portuguese the Benin Kingdom established a strong mercantile relationship with Portugal and later other European states. They traded slaves and Beninese products such as ivory, pepper, gold and palm oil for European goods such as manillas, metals and guns. In addition they established diplomatic relations in the late 15th century, the Oba sent an ambassador to Lisbon, and the king of Portugal sent Christian missionaries to Benin City in 1486. References Ivory works of art Benin art Salts

11168203

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race%20Driver%3A%20Grid

Race Driver: Grid

Race Driver: Grid is a 2008 racing video game developed and published by Codemasters for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Nintendo DS, arcade, Java ME and OS X. It is the first game in the Grid series. Gameplay Grid was developed and published by Codemasters, the creators of the TOCA series. It is a game in which the player runs their own race team, acting as the primary driver. As players progress they gain sponsors and can hire a teammate to drive alongside them in certain events. The game begins with the player accepting jobs to drive for other teams to earn money, and once the player gains enough capital they can purchase their own vehicles and drive independently, as well as continuing to drive for other teams should they choose to. Grid features a gameplay mechanic known as Flashback which allows the player to rewind gameplay by up to ten seconds and resume from their chosen point. This is a limited-use feature, determined by the difficulty setting. Grid features several modes of competition using various cars. Three main regions are found in the game, United States, Europe, and Japan, each with their own championship. Each of the game's 43 cars are tied to one of these three regions. Grid also features several types of events to compete in, including GT championships, drifting, touge, open wheel racing and demolition derby, as well as variants on several of these motorsports. Players can also participate in the 24 Hours of Le Mans at the end of each racing season. Courses in the game are a mixture of real world and fictional circuits and point-to-point tracks. Real road courses such as Le Mans and Spa-Francorchamps are included, while some defunct street circuits such as the Detroit street circuit in Michigan and the Washington D.C. street circuit are also included. There are also several fictional tracks inspired by real-world locations and circuits, such as street courses in San Francisco, California and Milan, Italy as well as Mount Haruna. The Nintendo DS version is a racing simulator consisting of twenty available circuits across Europe, Japan and the US, along with 25 cars to choose from. The game also includes an updated version of the track designer from Race Driver: Create & Race, which allows players to create their own custom circuits and roadside billboards. The game also features vehicle customization and online multiplayer. Development and marketing Grid uses Codemasters' own Ego engine, an updated version of the Neon engine already being used in the critically acclaimed Colin McRae: Dirt. The damage code has been completely rewritten to allow for environments with the potential for persistent damage. Ambisonics was used in the audio engine of the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions. Firebrand Games, developer of Race Driver: Create & Race, made a Nintendo DS version of the game that ran on Creates Octane engine, incorporating its 3D racing graphics, user interface and track editor. A mobile version published by Glu Mobile was released in April 2008. A demo was released on the PlayStation Store, Xbox Live Marketplace and for Microsoft Windows in May 2008. The demo allowed players to try two game modes: racing and drifting. The demo also featured a competition challenge, with a BMW 3 series, as a prize, for European-based gamers, and a Ford Mustang for U.S.-based players. The American competition ended at midnight on 25 May, whereas the European competition ended on 31 May, also at midnight. The demo also had two competition tracks available online, and allowed up to 12 players to compete online. The demo has been downloaded by over one million people over three platforms. In 2010, an arcade version of the game was published by Sega. Grid has had its official servers for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 3 shut down as of 19 June 2011. The servers for the Xbox 360 version are still running as of July 2014. Downloadable content Codemasters released two downloadable content (DLC) packs; the first of the two was released on 4 December 2008, the 8-Ball Pack on the Xbox Live Marketplace and the PlayStation Network. The pack contained eight new cars and these include the McLaren F1 GTR, TVR Cerbera Speed 12, Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution X, Honda S2000, Nissan GT-R (S-G2008), Volkswagen Nardo, Pontiac Firebird and the Volvo C30. The 8-Ball Pack also came complete with two new multiplayer events set on existing circuits from across Grids three continents. The second DLC pack dubbed the Prestige Pack was released in March 4, 2010 (for the PlayStation 3 only). The pack added Mount Panorama Circuit and ten cars, including the Ferrari F430 GTC, Bugatti Veyron and Ferrari F575 GTC. Reception Grid received "generally favorable" reviews on all platforms according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. Edge ranked the game #41 on its list of "The 100 Best Games To Play Today", stating that: "it blows cobwebs from the genre, with handling a great balance of sim twitchiness and arcade abandon, breathtaking speed, and a sense of being there like no other racer". North American publication Nintendo Power gave the game a score of 8.5 out of ten. The review heaped praise on the game's robust car and course customization features, superb graphics, and multiplayer modes. N-Europe gave the game an eight out of ten. IGN awarded Grid with its DS: Best Racing Game 2008 award. Awards Grid received a BAFTA award in the Sports category at the British Academy Video Games Awards. Sequels Codemasters released a sequel to Grid, named Grid 2, using the improved EGO engine and was released in May 2013. It is followed by a second sequel Grid Autosport, released in June 2014. A fourth installment, simply known as Grid, was released in September 2019 for Microsoft Windows, Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and Stadia. A fifth and latest installment, Grid Legends, was released in February 2022 with Electronic Arts served as a new publisher. References External links Grid at Killer List of Videogames 2008 video games Arcade video games Codemasters games Ego (game engine) games Feral Interactive games Games for Windows Grid (series) Multiplayer and single-player video games Nintendo DS games MacOS games PlayStation 3 games Sports video games with career mode Video games developed in the United Kingdom Video games scored by Allister Brimble Video games set in Australia Video games set in Belgium Video games set in California Video games set in Detroit Video games set in England Sports video games set in France Sports video games set in Germany Sports video games set in Italy Sports video games set in Japan Video games set in San Francisco Video games set in Spain Video games set in Turkey Video games set in Washington, D.C. Video games with user-generated gameplay content Windows games Xbox 360 games BAFTA winners (video games) J2ME games Glu Mobile games Firebrand Games games

2666519

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr.%20Phil%20%28talk%20show%29

Dr. Phil (talk show)

Dr. Phil is an American talk show created by Oprah Winfrey and the host Phil McGraw. After McGraw's segments on The Oprah Winfrey Show, Dr. Phil debuted on September 16, 2002. On both shows, McGraw offers advice in the form of "life strategies" from his life experience as a clinical and forensic psychologist. The show is in syndication throughout the United States and several other countries. Occasional prime-time specials have aired on CBS. The executive producers are Phil McGraw and showrunner Oprah Winfrey. It is a production of Peteski Productions and distributed by CBS Media Ventures. Harpo Productions co-produced the series until 2010, with Paramount Domestic Television and its successor, CBS Paramount Domestic Television, serving as secondary co-producers until 2007. It was originally distributed by King World Productions. The program was recorded before a live studio audience in Stage 29 on the Paramount Pictures lot in Hollywood, California. It is recorded from August to May with a break in December for the holiday season. On October 25, 2018, it was announced that Dr. Phil had been renewed for four additional seasons, taking the show to 2023, or the end of its 21st season, which would be confirmed to be its last in January of that year. The final episode aired on May 25, 2023. History The Dr. Phil talk show premiered on September 16, 2002. Before starting the show, McGraw had made regular appearances as a guest on The Oprah Winfrey Show. Since September 2008, Dr. Phil has been broadcast in HDTV with a revamped look and a theme written and performed by McGraw's son, Jordan. Its tenth season premiered on September 12, 2011. Reruns of earlier episodes of the series began broadcasting on the Oprah Winfrey Network in January 2011. Since 2011, Dr. Phil has ranked as the top syndicated talk show, before that it was the second highest-rated talk show after The Oprah Winfrey Show. In October 2015, it was reported that Dr. Phil had been renewed through 2020. McGraw's advice and methods have drawn much criticism from psychotherapists as well as from laypersons. McGraw said in a 2001 South Florida newspaper interview that he never liked traditional one-on-one counseling, and that "I'm not the Hush-Puppies, pipe and 'Let's talk about your mother' kind of psychologist." In 2004, the National Alliance on Mental Illness called McGraw's conduct in one episode of his television show "unethical" and "incredibly irresponsible". McGraw's critics regard advice given by him to be at best simplistic, and at worst, ineffective. On April 13, 2008, an unnamed staffer for Dr. Phil put up 10%, or a total of $3,300 towards the $33,000 bail for 17-year-old Mercades Nichols, one of a group of eight teenage girls who beat another girl and videotaped the attack. Someone put up the remaining 90% of the bail for Nichols, who had been booked at the Polk County, Florida, jail. Theresa Corigliano, spokesperson for the Dr. Phil show said that "In this case certain staffers went beyond our guidelines," and that the producers had "decided not to go forward with the story as our guidelines have been compromised." Shelley Duvall, who was reportedly suffering from mental illness, appeared on a segment on the show in 2016. It drew significant criticism from the public, with many suggesting that Duvall's mental illness was being exploited. In the segment, she refused the offered treatment. On October 25, 2018, it was announced that Dr. Phil had been renewed for four additional seasons, for a total of 21 seasons, ending in 2023. In February 2022, around a dozen current and former employees of Dr. Phil alleged that they experienced "verbal abuse in a workplace that fosters fear, intimidation, and racism". Seven current employees also claimed that the show's guests are often manipulated and treated unethically. Attorneys for McGraw and his co-producer, Carla Pennington, categorically denied every allegation made. On January 31, 2023, CBS Media Ventures confirmed Dr. Phil would cease production of new episodes with the current season, ending its run at 21 seasons, with the final episode airing on May 25, 2023. The distributor will offer stations re-runs through the end of their contract to carry the program. Format The show covered a wide variety of topics including weight loss, financial planning, grief, dysfunctional families, marriage counselling, rebellious teenagers, child stars, and support for charitable causes. Guests on the show sometimes underwent polygraph tests. These tests were usually administered by retired FBI agent Jack Trimarco, who was a frequent guest on the show until he died in 2018. After Trimarco's death, he was replaced by polygraph examiner John Leo Grogan. McGraw is noted for often bringing families back on multiple shows for follow-up "therapy" sessions in his segment called "Dr. Phil Family." Reception Ratings On May 21, 2007, the Dr. Phil show was ranked 4th by Nielsen Media Research, with 6.69 million viewers. The show was ranked 6th with 5.69 million viewers on May 12, 2008. In May 2008, Dr. Phil was the second most popular talk show on television, after The Oprah Winfrey Show. On July 30, 2019, Dr. Phil was the top syndicated show with a 2.9 national Nielsen rating, ranking first among talk shows for the 150th consecutive week. The Dr. Phil show was the highest rated talk show in the first week of March 2020, with a 2.8 national Nielsen rating. Accolades References External links 2000s American television talk shows 2002 American television series debuts 2010s American television talk shows 2020s American television talk shows 2023 American television series endings American television spin-offs English-language television shows First-run syndicated television programs in the United States Television productions suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic Television series by CBS Studios Television series by Harpo Productions Television series by King World Productions

49306819

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkeerder%20Kill

Verkeerder Kill

The Verkeerder Kill, sometimes Verkeerderkill and locally shortened to Kaidy Kill is an stream in Ulster County, New York, United States. It rises on the Shawangunk Ridge, in the town of Wawarsing, and flows southwards through the town of Shawangunk, toward the Shawangunk Kill, itself a major tributary of the Wallkill River. Ultimately it is a part of the Hudson River's watershed. It is best known for Verkeerder Kill Falls, a waterfall located on its headwaters just below its source, on the border between the two towns. The falls are a popular hiking destination along the Long Path, a long-distance hiking trail from New York City to the Capital District that traverses the area. Course The Verkeerder rises as two small streams a short distance apart in the dwarf pine barrens of Sam's Point Preserve atop the Shawangunk Ridge near the southern boundary of the town of Wawarsing. The higher of the two, on the east, has its source at . After flowing roughly south from their respective sources, they converge into the stream's main stem. After another 500 feet, with the stream flowing on a bed of white stone, the Verkeerder Kill Falls Trail, part of the Long Path, fords the stream. Shortly afterwards, it reaches the distinctive cliffs of the Shawangunks and tumbles over Verkeerder Kill Falls, dropping and entering the town of Shawangunk. Below the falls it continues to descend steeply down a wooded gorge, passing some remote houses as it continues to the south. Almost a mile (1.6 km) below the falls, it receives from the northwest its first tributary, the Lake Maratanza outlet brook. After descending another 100 feet (30 m) in its next quarter-mile (), it reaches more gently sloping ground, having dropped in elevation during its first . A half-mile (800 m) further to the south and 150 feet (50 m) below the foot of the ridge, still surrounded by woods, it flows under Indian Springs Road for its first road crossing. From here it veers to the southeast, crossing under two long dead-end roads in its next mile of woodlands with some cleared areas near the stream. The surrounding terrain levels out. For its next mile, the Verkeerder Kill returns to its southerly heading through unbroken forest. Shortly before reaching a wetland just under in elevation, it turns to the southwest. Half a mile downstream it turns southeast just before receiving its next tributary, the Murrays Pond outlet stream, from the west as well. Shortly afterwards, it begins flowing closely along Sinsabaugh Road, paralleling it as it bends back to the southwest and then southeast again over the next mile. Here the woods begin to be broken by farmland. When the stream reaches the town's Verkeerderkill Park on its west a half-mile below the Murrays Pond tributary confluence, a thin wooded buffer stands between it and open fields on either side. At the southeast corner of the park the stream crosses under New York State Route 52, having descended to . It meanders slightly as the surrounding woodlands increase, then resumes its southern course as it flows under Johns Estate Road. Once again a corridor of trees sheath it through fields as it begins a loop around the small hamlet of Ulsterville, curving south to cross under Burlingham Road (County Route 7), then back to the northeast briefly and then east through woods again to where it crosses under Ulsterville Road. It runs parallel to that street, turning southwest and crossing Seely Road twice, then Pirog Road, before it empties into the Shawangunk Kill just north of the Ulsterville Road bridge, at the Orange County line, south of the hamlet of Pine Bush, above sea level. History If the Iroquois or any of the other Native American tribes in the area had a name for the stream, it was never recorded before European colonization. The first known mention of it is in a 1717 land patent application by Johannes Hardenbergh, in which the stream is referred to as Verkerde Kill. Hardenbergh also notes that it was also known as Pakanasink Creek, a name now used for a tributary that flows into the Shawangunk just downstream of the Verkeerder from the other side, in Orange County. According to Shawangunks historian Marc Fried, the words "Verkeerder Kill" came from the Dutch for "wrong brook". Dutch was the first language of Hardenburgh and other settlers who had moved into the Shawangunk Valley since the 1680s. The reason for this name has always been something of a mystery. Since it can also have the sense of "perverse", he had at first speculated that perhaps the stream had been at flood stage when the first explorers came to it, or someone had fallen into it and inadvertently named it with an ensuing ill-tempered outburst. But then Fried consulted with an expert on the New Netherland era, who told him that if that strongly pejorative meaning had truly been intended, a word more fully conveying that sense like slecht or quaad (spelled kwaad in modern Dutch) would have been used instead. This led him to propose that perhaps the name merely indicated an inaccuracy. "Pakanasink" had been used since 1684 to refer to the land around the Verkeerder Kill's lowest reaches, where Ulsterville is now, and by extension the Shawangunk Kill was also known during that time as Pakanasink Creek. It was possible that a later group of explorers had reached the area, and originally believed the stream flowing in from the west to be the Pakanasink, only to later learn that that name was already used for the Shawangunk above the confluence. They might, he reasoned, have then begun referring to that western tributary as "the wrong brook", a name that might well have persisted after the distinction no longer needed to be made. During the 19th century the stream took on a different alternate name, one that persists today, according to Fried. Locals began calling it Kaidy Kill or Cater Kill, finding the full name too challenging. An 1899 map gives both the long and short names for the stream. This created some confusion with Kaaterskill Creek, a tributary of the Hudson that flows down from the Catskill Escarpment in Greene County to the north—one guidebook author from that time describes Verkeerderkill Falls as being tall, the height of Kaaterskill Falls. The shorter name was so common, Fried recalls, that a woman he interviewed for his research who had been born in nearby Ellenville early in the 20th century recalled it always being called Kaidy Kill and did not even know the stream had a full name until he showed it to her on a map. Ecology Since it is surrounded by extensive forests along most of its course, the Verkeerder Kill is relatively unpolluted. New York's Department of Environmental Conservation has designated it Class A, suitable for all types of human use including consumption. In 2002 a macroinvertebrate study at the Ulsterville Road bridge a short distance above the Shawangunk Kill found a diverse population of species there and no signs that the water's ability to support aquatic life had been impacted. Crossings Verkeerderkill Falls Trail (part of Long Path) via ford Indian Springs Road/Oregon Trail Indian Springs Camp Road Forestdale Lane New York State Route 52 Johns Estate Road Burlingham Road (Ulster County Route 7) Ulsterville Road Pirog Road See also List of rivers in New York Other tributaries of the Shawangunk Kill: Dwaar Kill Little Shawangunk Kill References External links Rivers of Ulster County, New York Shawangunks Shawangunk, New York Wawarsing, New York

1735118

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Elliot%20%28songwriter%29

John Elliot (songwriter)

John Elliot (also known as Jack Elliot, John M. Elliot, John M. Elliott and Jack Elliott) (7 May 1914 – 3 January 1972) was an American songwriter, credited with having written more than 600 songs for motion pictures. Biography Elliot was born in Gowanda, New York, on 7 May 1914. He was educated at Bennett High School in Buffalo, New York and then worked as an entertainer in vaudeville, nightclubs, and on radio. In 1939, he also worked as a theatre reporter for the Chicago edition of Variety magazine. He began to write songs in 1940, moved to Hollywood in 1943, and became a member of ASCAP in 1945. Jack subsequently composed songs for over 40 Western movies at Republic Studios alone, most notably for Roy Rogers and Dale Evans films. He was the lyricist for several songs by Harold Spina, including "It's So Nice To Have A Man Around The House" (made famous by Dinah Shore). With Lew Quadling, he wrote "Sam's Song", which was a hit recording in 1950 for both Bing Crosby (Decca 27112) and Joe "Fingers" Carr (Capitol 962). Elliot also wrote songs with Sonny Burke for Walt Disney's Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom which won the 1953 Oscar for Best Short Animated Feature. By 1955, Time magazine was describing him as an "ex-songwriter and Hollywood producer of TV commercials" and as the manager of French-born nightclub singer, Vicki Benet. At the time, Elliot and Benet were developing a television series called Rendezvous with Vicki, which was to be hosted by a "genuine British lord" who would also do the commercials. In 1964, Elliot and Benet married in Sydney where Elliot was working on a television series with Australian producer and promoter Jack Neary. Elliot died of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California, on 3 January 1972 at the age of 57. He had married Judy Rotman in 1940: they had a son John Michael. Notes and references Sources American Film Institute, The American Film Institute catalog of motion pictures produced in the United States, Volume 1, Part 1, University of California Press, 1971. Cotter, Bill, The Wonderful World of Disney Television: A Complete History, Hyperion, 1997. Jasen, David A., A century of American popular music: 2000 best-loved and remembered songs (1899–1999), Taylor & Francis, 2002. Lonergan, David F., Hit records, 1950-1975, Scarecrow Press, 2005. McNamara, Daniel I. (ed.). "Elliott, John M. (Jack)", The ASCAP Biographical Dictionary Of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Second Edition, Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1952, p. 143 New York Times, "John M. Elliott, 57, Wrote 'Sam's Song'", 6 January 1972, p, 40 The Hour (via UPI), "Obituaries", 5 January 1972, p. 6 The Sun-Herald, "Stars Wed in Secret", 6 September 1964, p. 27 Time Magazine, "Radio: The Blonde & the Peers", Vol. LXVI, No. 5, 1 August 1955, p. 38 Young, William H. and Young, Nancy K., Music of the World War II Era, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008. External links David James Douglas, 7th Baron Nugent of Clonlost, the "genuine British lord" chosen by Elliot and Benet for their projected television show Vicki Benet on the cover of her debut album for Decca, Woman of Paris (1956) and on Sing to me of Love for Liberty Records (1960). Songwriters from New York (state) American lyricists 1914 births 1972 deaths People from Erie County, New York Place of birth missing 20th-century American musicians ASCAP composers and authors

40026185

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelle%20Richmond%20Eberhart

Nelle Richmond Eberhart

Nelle Richmond Eberhart (August 28, 1871 – November 15, 1944) was an American librettist, poet, and teacher. She is known for her long collaboration with composer Charles Wakefield Cadman. She wrote 200 songs and the librettos for five operas for which he composed the music. Early life Eberhart was born Ellen Loretta McCurdy in 1871 in Detroit, Michigan, daughter of John Thomas and Cora Amelia Newton McCurdy. Her mother remarried. At an early age, Nelle was given her stepfather's surname, Richmond. Her family moved to Nebraska, where she was raised. As a young woman she developed a strong interest in music. She gained certification and taught school. In 1894 Richmond married Oscar Eberhart, a physician. They had a daughter together, Constance Richmond Eberhart. She became an opera singer and teacher of voice. She sang as a member of the Chicago Civic Opera and the American Opera Company. Career The Eberhart family moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1900 for her husband's work. In 1902, Eberhart met a young neighbor Charles Wakefield Cadman. When she learned he was studying and writing music, they began to work together. She wrote the words for a hymn and he the music, for their first song. They began to collaborate - she would write the texts and he the music for songs. She wrote the lyrics for some 200 songs, and the librettos for the five operas that they created together. His "Four American Indian Songs Op. 45" (which included "From the Land of Sky-Blue Water") was his first commercial success in 1909, after the noted soprano Nordica performed the song in Cleveland. Their first opera, Da O Ma (1912), set in Sioux culture, was never produced. But their second opera Shanewis, or The Robin Woman (1918) was premiered by the Metropolitan Opera in New York City; it was also performed there for a second, succeeding season. Eberhart was the first woman librettist to have her work performed by that company. The opera was taken on tour, being produced in Denver in 1924 and Los Angeles in 1926. Eberhart wrote the libretto for Garden of Mystery, music by Cadman, which was performed in 1925 at Carnegie Hall in New York. Later, she wrote The Willow Tree (1932, music by Cadman), one of the first operas commissioned for radio, certainly the first for American radio. In addition to her emphasis on Native American themes, Eberhart also showed interest in Asian and Pacific Island themes. She wrote lyrics for "Sayonara: A Japanese Romance for One or Two Voices, op. 49," and "Idyls of the South Seas" (music by Cadman). Her interest in historical drama inspired their A Witch of Salem: An American Opera (1926), music by Cadman. She also wrote several Christian hymns ("The Dawn of Peace Resplendent Breaks," "Give Praise," "O Come and Adore Him"), and general sentimental art songs ("I Hear a Thrush at Eve," "Lilacs," "Memories," "The Moon Behind the Cottonwood"). Eberhart also published poetry in literary reviews and general interest publications, such as Granite Monthly and Munsey's Magazine. Personal life The Eberhart couple left Pittsburgh in 1917, living next in New York and then Chicago. In 1941 they moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where they lived the rest of their lives. Oscar's nephew, Alanson Eberhart, was married to Mignon G. Eberhart, a prolific mystery writer. Mignon dedicated her seventh novel (The White Cockatoo, 1933) to Nelle Richmond Eberhart and her collaborator, composer Charles Wakefield Cadman. Nelle Richmond Eberhart died in 1944, in Kansas City, Missouri. References External links Nelle Richmond Eberhart at IMDb Sheet music in Nebraska Memories 1871 births 1944 deaths Writers from Detroit American opera librettists American women poets Writers from Nebraska 20th-century American women writers 20th-century American poets Women opera librettists

53117589

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustafa%20Agha

Mustafa Agha

Mustafa Khalid Agha (; born June 6, 1963), a Syrian of British citizenship, is a sports journalist for the Middle East Broadcasting Center in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. He is best known for his Arabic language programs about soccer and Arab and world sports, and he is one of the foremost authorities on sports in the Middle East. Personal life Mustafa Agha was born on June 6, 1963, in Yarmouk, Damascus, Syria. At an early age, he was interested in sports, and at 15, he had created his own sports magazine in the English language. He studied English in Damascus University. He went to United Kingdom to complete his master's degree and there he obtained British citizenship. He first married Salma Almasry. Later he married Mai Al Khatib, who is a television news presenter on Dubai TV channel. The latter couple has two children, Karam and Natalie. Career Agha started his career in journalism in 1981 as a writer. Early in his career, he worked for the Syrian newspaper Alitihad and several TV channels. While in United Kingdom for his graduate studies, he started working for MBC. He began announcing soccer games for the network, and he became well known for his work on the TV show "Asdda Kas Alallam" (Translated: "World Cup Reverberation"). In 1996, he hosted sports programming for radio, called "Road to World Cup," and on television, called "Makha Al Ryadah" (Translated: "Sports Club"), both of which increased his popularity across the Middle East through these programs. Later, Agha hosted a TV show call Sada Al Mlaeb (Translated: "Playground Reverberation") that was broadcast on MBC 1 (MENA). He currently holds the title Head of MBC Sports. Notable works of journalism Sada Al Malaeb is one of the most widely known and watched TV shows in Arab world culture. It was launched in 1996 by the famous TV presenter Mohamed Al-Shahry, and it was only about Saudi soccer only until Mustafa Al Agha came to the program. After it expanded its coverage of sports, Sada Al Malaeb achieved greater success, and, consequently, it became a daily TV show focusing on Arab and world sports. The program regularly features sports analysts, which distinguishes it from other TV shows. In popular culture The Sada Al Malaeb TV show is part of popular Arab culture. Some of the phrases that Mustafa Al Agha has used have become well known. When someone win a competition, he is known to say, "A million trillion tizillion Mabrouk." Other familiar phrases he is known for are "The most beautiful, perfect and most beautiful channel" and "Attach the belts, we will start as usual with titles." Mustafa Agha's Twitter account is one of the most followed in the Middle East. He has a total following of almost 4.5 million users as of late 2016. In 2016, the audience voted him their "favorite Arab social media influencer" in that category for the Arab Social Media Influencers Summit Award. He has spoken out on other issues besides sports. He has criticized "sectarian sedition" as one of the dangers in the Arab world. He was one among several Arab celebrities that took to Twitter to condemn the Houthi rebel missile attack on Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in October 2016. Awards He won an award on his program Sada Al Malaeb as the best Arab program three times in a row. Mustafa Agha got the best Arab sports programmer covering the European ball from the site of Kouroura. Mustafa Agha won the title of the best Arab sports media in the Arab and Saudi referendums. In 2007 Mustafa Agha won the Best Studio Provider Award. Mustafa Agha awarded the best announcer for sports publications Awarded the best announcer for sports bulletins ASDA'A Al Malaeb, which was presented by Mustafa Agha, won the best Arab TV show at the 2006 World Cup in Germany. Mustafa Agha won the best coverage for Gulfs 13 in Bahrain and 18 in the UAE See also Arab culture#Sports References External links Mustafa Agha at Almrsal.com (Arabic) 1963 births Living people Arab journalists Emirati television presenters People from Damascus Syrian people of Palestinian descent Social media influencers

1613137

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armstrong%20Siddeley%20Sapphire

Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire

The Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire is a British turbojet engine that was produced by Armstrong Siddeley in the 1950s. It was the ultimate development of work that had started as the Metrovick F.2 in 1940, evolving into an advanced axial flow design with an annular combustion chamber that developed over . It powered early versions of the Hawker Hunter and Handley Page Victor, and every Gloster Javelin. Production was also started under licence in the United States by Wright Aeronautical as the J65, powering a number of US designs. The Sapphire's primary competitor was the Rolls-Royce Avon. Design and development Design evolution of the Sapphire started at Metropolitan-Vickers (Metrovick) in 1943 as an offshoot of the F.2 project. With the F.2 reaching flight quality at about , Metrovick turned to producing larger designs, both an enlarged F.2 known as the Beryl, as well as the much larger F.9 Sapphire. (The names were chosen after a decision to use gemstones for future engine names). The Beryl eventually developed 4,000 lbf (18 kN) thrust, but the only project to select it, the Saunders-Roe SR.A/1, was cancelled. The Ministry of Supply (MoS) designated the F.9 as the MVSa.1. In 1948 Metrovick exited the jet engine industry. Armstrong Siddeley, who already had a turbine development of their own, the ASX, took over the MVSa.1, now renamed ASSa.1. After a redesign it emerged as the ASSa.2. In December 1949 the ASSa.2 completed an acceptance test at . Its competitor, the Avon Ra.3 had a design thrust of at that time. A number of companies expressed interest in the Sapphire, and it was considered as either the main or backup powerplant for most British designs of the late '40s and early '50s. The ASSa.5 with thrust was used only on the English Electric P.1A, prototype for the Lightning. A simple fixed-nozzle reheat was fitted to extend the performance boundary for stability and control testing from about Mach 1.1 to beyond Mach 1.5. Future versions of the Lightning were powered by the Avon. The ASSa.6, , was used on the Gloster Javelin FAW Mk.1, Hawker Hunter F.Mk.2 and F.Mk.5, and the prototype Sud Ouest SO 4050 Vautour. The higher thrust ASSa.7 at was the first British engine to be rated above and it powered the Gloster Javelin FAW Mk.7, Handley Page Victor B.Mk.1 and a prototype Swiss fighter-bomber, the FFA P-16. The Sapphire compressor operated well, free from surging, over its complete RPM range without the need for variable inlet guide vanes (VIGV) or bleed. However, early compressor stages suffered from fatigue due to rotating stall at low RPM and various fixes, such as lacing wire, were incorporated. Curtiss-Wright introduced variable ramps on the Wright J65 at the entry to the compressor to prevent the stalling and blade excitation. Armstrong-Siddeley tested a similar solution on the Sapphire but incorporated blade changes instead to reduce the blade response to the stalling. Caygill states that one of the most serious problems encountered throughout the life of the Gloster Javelin was caused by "centre-line closure" on the Sapphire engine. Flying through thick cloud could cause the compressor case to shrink and rub the blades causing catastrophic engine failures and loss of the aircraft. "Centre-line closure" also caused a Sapphire failure on a Victor B.1. An afterburner with limited boost was required for the Javelin's ASSa.7, making it the ASSa.7LR. 12% boost was required at high altitudes to regain the bomber intercept performance that had been lost carrying the new de Havilland Firestreak missiles. Afterburners with a low boost requirement were sometimes known as "wee-heat". Other low-boost reheats have included the "tailpipe augmentation"(TPA) on the F-86H (J73) with +10% at take-off and "Bristol Simplified Reheat"(BSR), with about 16% boost at take-off, tested on Derwent V, Orenda, Olympus and Orpheus engines. Variants MVSa.1 Ministry of Supply designation of the original Metropolitan-Vickers F.9 Sapphire, derived from the Metropolitan-Vickers F.2/4 Beryl. Design work on this much larger engine started in 1943. ASSa.3 Completed a 150-hour Service Type Test in November 1951 at a sea level rating of at an s.f.c. of 0.91 ASSa.4 ASSa.5 Early Armstrong Siddeley developed Sapphire engines. ASSa.5R Reheated engines fitted to the English Electric P.1A. ASSa.6Later engines developed for the Gloster Javelin FAW Mk.1, Hawker Hunter F.Mk.2, F.Mk.5 and the prototype Sud Ouest SO 4050 Vautour ASSa.7 Rated at , powering the Gloster Javelin FAW Mk.7, Handley Page Victor B.Mk.1 and the prototype FFA P-16. ASSa.7LR Engines with a 12% augmentation reheat system for use above , powering the Gloster Javelin FAW Mk.8. Wright J65Licence production in the United States by Wright Aeronautical ASSa.8 ASSa.9 ASSa.12 Sapphire 101 (ASSa.6) Sapphire 104 (ASSa.12) Sapphire 202 (ASSa.7) Uses English Electric Lightning P.1A prototypes, as Avon engines were not ready FFA P-16 Gloster Javelin - Sa.6 and Sa.7 Handley Page Victor B.1, the B.2 variant had RR Conway Hawker Hunter F.2 and F.5 SNCASO SO.4050 Vautour (3rd prototype) Engines on display An Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire is on static display at the Midland Air Museum, Coventry Airport, Warwickshire. Very few Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire engines exist, other known examples are preserved at the Jet Age Museum in Gloucester, England, and the Malta Aviation Museum at Ta' Qali. Specifications (ASSa.7) See also References Notes Bibliography Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. External links Royal Air Force Museum - Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire A 1952 advert for the Sapphire/J 65 "Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire" a 1956 Flight article on the Sapphire "Sapphire 7" a 1956 Flight article on the Sapphire 7 Sapphire 1940s turbojet engines Axial-compressor gas turbine engines

52705139

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxnard%20Guerreros%20FC

Oxnard Guerreros FC

Oxnard Guerreros FC is a semi-professional men's soccer club based in Oxnard, California. The club currently competes in the National Premier Soccer League in the Southwest Conference, having joined the league as an expansion team in 2016. The Guerreros joined the United Premier Soccer League Socal North Division 1 as an expansion team in 2019. Oxnard Guerreros FC (OGFC) is primarily geared toward local athletes making the jump from development and amateur clubs to professional soccer. Current 2020 Guerreros Front office Ty Otto - Founder Fred Mendoza - Team Manager Joseph Escudero - Public Relations Salvador "Chava" Orozco - Public Relations Coaches Javier Figueroa - Head Coach Salvador "Chava" Orozco - Assistant Coach Fred Mendoza - Assistant Coach Profe Pina - Goalkeeper Coach NPSL Spring/Summer UPSL Winter/Fall History The club was founded by Ty Otto October 2016 with the Inaugural Season starting January 2017 . 2019 Summary 2019 was a year of growth for the Oxnard Guerreros. OGFC had their best NPSL Season to date and joined the top flight of the UPSL's Southwest Conference - Qualifying for Playoffs on the first attempt. Additionally, the Guerreros participated in the U.S. Open Qualifiers for the first time in club history. 2019 Saw a change in head coaches when Javier Figueroa, previously the "Guerreros Dos" Coach, was promoted to Manage the main team replacing Juan Florez in June during the NPSL season. Front office Ty Otto - Founder Lukas Antioho - General Manager Joseph Escudero - Public Relations Salvador "Chava" Orozco - Public Relations Coaches Javier Figueroa - Head Coach Salvador "Chava" Orozco - Assistant Coach Fred Mendoza - Assistant Coach NPSL Spring/Summer UPSL Winter/Fall UPSL Playoffs Round 1 - December 15, 2019 Away vs MAFO FC - W 3-4 Round 2 - December 22, 2019 Away vs Orange County FC - L 5-1 2020 U.S. Open Qualifiers The Oxnard Guerreros competed in the 2020 U.S. Open Qualifiers, Defeating Outbreak FC 7-1 and Santa Monica United 2-0 but fell to CAL FC 2–1 in the final qualifying round. 2019 Standout Athletes Brenton Frame scored the most goals for OGFC in the NPSL (6) Raul Gonzalez scored the most goals in the UPSL regular season (21) Raul Gonzalez scored the most goals during 2020 U.S. Open Qualification (3) Angel Cervantes recorded the most Clean Sheets as Goalkeeper during the NPSL and UPSL Seasons along with the U.S. OPEN 2017 Summary Paulo Monlleo - Head Coach Julio Cesar Gomez De La Torre - Assistant Coach Robb Bolton - General Manager Lukas Antioho - Assistant General Manager Salvador "Chava" Orozco - Public Relations 2017 Saw the Guerreros find their feet; hiring coaches and conducting tryouts. Oxnard Guerreros first signing was Honorary Team Member, Cancer Survivor Alex Hernandez. Hires included General Manager Robb Bolton, Assistant GM Lukas Antioho, Public Relations Salvador Orozco, Head Coach Paulo Monlleo and Assistant Coach Julio Cesar Gomez De La Torre. Paulo Monlleo and Julio Cesar Gomez De La Torre were replaced by Ross Greaney after a dismal Inaugural season in the NPSL finishing second to last. 2018 Summary Juan Florez - Head Coach Robb Bolton - General Manager Salvador "Chava" Orozco - Public Relations Joseph Escudero - Public Relations Juan Florez was appointed as head Coach replacing Ross Greaney before Greaneys first match in charge. 2018 Saw the Guerreros finish mid-table in the NPSL. The Oxnard Guerreros Hosted a friendly in the off-season against ex-professional Liga Mx players. The Guerreros would win the friendly against Leyendas Liga MX 6–3, with standout Juan Florez - Head Coach Coach Florez brings with him an abundance of experience, both as a coach and player, previously earning multiple playoff appearances as head coach of both the San Fernando Valley Eagles (USISL) and the San Fernando Quakes (PDL). Florez also held tenure as head coach of the LAFC affiliate LA Blues (now the OC Blues) and currently serves as head coach of the LA Galaxy's Conejo Valley Pre-Academy. Florez struck out on his own at 18, leaving his home country of Colombia to pursue a shot at American collegiate sports. He capitalized on a chance at Cal State University Northridge, where he led the Matadors to the NCAA Tournament finals as a starting midfielder, then went on to play for two professional Colombian teams, Millonarios and América de Cali. Florez returned to CSUN as an assistant coach and offensive strategist, where he would help guide them to back-to-back tournament appearances and craft one of the top offenses in the nation. References External links 2016 establishments in California Association football clubs established in 2016 Soccer clubs in Greater Los Angeles National Premier Soccer League teams United Premier Soccer League teams

51448524

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woo%20Ji-won

Woo Ji-won

Woo Ji-won (born 2 April 1973) is a South Korean retired professional basketball player. He played for three different teams over a fourteen-year career, the longest of which was spent at Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus, who retired his number 10 shirt after his retirement. He was nicknamed "Prince of the Court" (코트의 황태자). Early life Woo enjoyed playing baseball and ran track as a child. He started playing basketball when his elementary school started a basketball team and recruited him to join, despite his short stature for his age. From there, he began focusing on basketball and attended Samseon Middle School and Kyungbock High School in Seoul, both known for their basketball teams. He graduated with a degree in law from Yonsei University, unusual for college athletes as the majority studied sports science, physical education or a related major. One of his middle school and high school classmates was future national teammate and best friend Chun Hee-chul. Playing career College career Woo's time at Yonsei University coincided with what is often retrospectively dubbed the "golden era" of domestic college basketball. He and his teammates, as well as their counterparts from traditional athletic rivals Korea University, enjoyed a level of popularity similar to that of idol singers and A-list actors/actresses due to their skills and good looks. Together with his Yonsei teammates Lee Sang-min and Moon Kyung-eun and Korea University's Hyun Joo-yup and Chun Hee-chul, among others, they were collectively dubbed "Oppa Troupe" (오빠부대) by the media. Woo and his Yonsei teammates drew significant attention after they defeated a Busan Kia team which boasted the senior amateur league's most formidable offensive players, the "Hur-Dong-Taek Trio" (Hur Jae, Kang Dong-hee and Kim Yoo-taek) during the 1993-94 season. Professional career In 1996, Woo was signed by the Incheon-based team of Daewoo Securities, which has since become Daegu KOGAS Pegasus, and is among the last generation of players who began their senior careers during the semi-professional pre-KBL era. He took the National Basketball Festival, then the main basketball competition, by storm on his debut for Daewoo, scoring 24 points in a 78-71 win against Tongyang. In 1998, he and Chun enlisted for mandatory military service and were assigned as public service workers, rather than the Sangmu basketball team. They were discharged ahead of the 1999-2000 season. After five seasons with the Incheon team and no silverware, he signed with Seoul Samsung Thunders. Woo was signed by Ulsan Hyundai Automons (later renamed Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus) in 2002. During the 2003-04 season, Woo set the record for the most points scored in a single game in the Korean Basketball League, scoring 70 points against Changwon LG Sakers in March. On the same day Moon Kyung-eun scored 66 points (22 three-pointers) against TG Sambo, ranking second behind Woo. The records came under scrutiny from fans and the media due to the statistical impossibility of such records occurring during a regular professional game unless collusion between players and coaches had taken place and the opposing team intentionally failing to play in a usual competitive manner to allow the respective players to achieve their records. As no evidence was ever presented to support the theory, the records still remain in the KBL's record book, but have been described as "shameful" and "embarrassing" by the media and still regarded as a taboo topic by head coaches and players of the respective teams from the two games. In later years, Moon and Woo have declined to mention the records whenever their career achievements are brought up. After the 2003-04 season, the KBL stopped issuing an award to the top scorer at its annual awards ceremony and only releases the statistics on its official website. Woo retired at the end of the 2009-10 season. His retirement coincided with that of Lee Sang-min and Moon Kyung-eun, leading the media to dub it the "end of an era". All three players had their jersey numbers retired by their respective clubs. Woo's number 10 jersey was retired by Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus. National team Woo was part of the team which won the 1997 ABC Championship. He and Chun Hee-chul were supposed to participate in the 1998 Asian Games but the Korean Basketball Association's request was turned down by the government agency overseeing their public service term. Post-retirement After retiring, Woo became a commentator for SBS Sports. He has also appeared on various variety programs, mostly with fellow retired basketball players such as Seo Jang-hoon and Hur Jae. Filmography Television show Awards and nominations References 1973 births Living people South Korean men's basketball players South Korean basketball commentators Basketball announcers Daegu KOGAS Pegasus players Ulsan Hyundai Mobis Phoebus players Seoul Samsung Thunders players Korean Basketball League players with retired numbers Kyungbock High School alumni Yonsei University alumni Danyang Woo clan

56306516

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezio%20Leoni

Ezio Leoni

Ezio Leoni (17 July 1927, in Milan – 22 February 2015, in Capriate) was one of the pioneering forces behind the Italian music scene of the "anni d'oro" (golden years) of Italy's "musica leggera" (popular music). A composer, arranger, orchestra conductor, producer and A&R executive, "Maestro" Leoni's contributions span from helping lay the foundation for Italian pop music in the 1950s and 1960s to opening the Southern European markets for some of the most influential American artists of the time. As a composer, he wrote the music of iconic Italian songs such as "24.000 Baci", "Si e' Spento il Sole", and "Il Tuo Bacio e' Come un Rock", while as arranger/conductor, producer, and A&R executive he collaborated with Italian music personalities such as Adriano Celentano, Tony Dallara, Fausto Leali, Luigi Tenco, Franco Simone, Iva Zanicchi and Fausto Papetti, among many others. Later in his life, Leoni focused his efforts on protecting and upholding the rights of Italian composers and publishers, holding positions of leadership within SIAE (Societa' Italiana Autori Editori), the Italian copyright agency for music, and UNCLA (Unione Nazionale Compositori Librettisti Autori) eventually becoming its Honorary President in 2011. Maestro Leoni's artists won the Sanremo Festival five times (Sanremo is often referred to as the Italian version of the United States' Grammy Awards, with the exception being that, unlike the Grammys, Sanremo only recognizes one official winner each year). He won three times with Iva Zanicchi ("Non pensare a me" - 1967; "Zingara" - 1969; "Ciao, cara, come stai?" - 1974), as well as with the group Homo Sapiens ("Bella da Morire" - 1977) and singer Mino Vergnaghi ("Amare" - 1979). By the 1980s, Adriano Celentano was recognized as the singer with the highest number of number 1 singles on the Italian charts, while Fausto Papetti was recognized as the Italian artist with the highest number of albums ever sold, evidencing Maestro Ezio Leoni's level of impact on Italian pop music (as Leoni was instrumental in laying the foundation for the commercial success of both performers). Leoni's collaboration with artists beyond the Italian borders started as early as the late 1950s with Chet Baker, when, working under the pseudonym of Len Mercer, he led the orchestration and production of two albums between 1957 and 1959 (often referred to as "The Milano Sessions"), which started establishing Baker on the Italian and European music scene. In the 1960s, while A&R Executive at Ri-Fi, he was instrumental in securing the distributing rights for the Italian and other European territories for two of America's major labels, Motown Records and Atlantic Records, working directly with Berry Gordy (founder, Motown) and Ahmet Ertegun (co-founder, Atlantic), with whom he developed a close friendship. This agreement enabled the exposure to the Italian market for the two record labels' stable of artists, which at the time included Ben E. King, Otis Redding, James Brown, The Jackson 5, Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross, Stevie Wonder, Aretha Franklin, Led Zeppelin and Wilson Pickett, who, in 1968, joined Fausto Leali at Sanremo for the hit song Deborah. Leoni also led other notable international artists to fame in the Italian market, many of whom, at the peak of their careers, performed original songs written and/or produced by Maestro Ezio Leoni and often also recorded versions of their original hit songs translated in the Italian language (a common practice at the time) under Leoni’s supervision. Examples of such artists include Ben E. King, Petula Clark, Tom Jones, Pat Boone, Françoise Hardy, Charles Aznavour as well as Elvis Presley’s backup singers The Sweet Inspirations. Ezio Leoni's artists and songs are also featured in a number of motion picture soundtracks, including classics such as Federico Fellini's "La Dolce Vita" (which featured a stage performance by Adriano Celentano), "Profumo di Donna/Scent of a Woman", as well as more recent popular films such as Guy Richie's "Man from U.N.C.L.E.", which features the song "Che Vuole Questa Musica Stasera" in one of the film’s most iconic scenes for over two minutes uninterrupted by any dialogue or other form of sound. The song is performed by Peppino Gagliardi with Ezio Leoni and his orchestra. Also recognized as a successful talent scout, Leoni was the first to offer the first recording contract to artists that eventually became some of Italy's most popular performers of all time, including Adriano Celentano, Tony Dallara and Fausto Leali, among many others. In the late 1960s, Campi Editore, one of Italy's major publishers appointed Leoni as General Manager of the recently founded DET Recording, a record label dedicated to promoting young talents, which would eventually bring to success notable new artists such as Peppino Gagliardi, as well as enable actors such as Catherine Spaak and Christian De Sica to venture out in the music industry with original songs. Leoni managed his DET commitments in Rome while also keeping his post as A&R Executive for Ri-Fi in Milan, a role he would keep until his retirement in the 1980s. Even after his retirement, Leoni continued to record on a project basis with established artists such as Fausto Papetti, while also keeping an eye out for new talent. In 1987, during a recording session he was introduced to Andrea Bocelli a young, visually impaired singer who was looking for his first break in music. Leoni, recognizing the young man's potential, established a relationship with him, and, working alongside Bocelli and the singer's future wife Enrica Cenzatti, presented the young singer's demo tape (newly recorded with the singer's original material) to a number of Italy's record labels, all of which turned him down not seeing a market for a pop singer with the voice of an opera tenor. Years after Leoni's full retirement from recording, and after years of rejections, Bocelli would finally catch his first break in the mid-1990s and become one of the world's most recognized and successful artists in the world. In the 1990s, Maestro Ezio Leoni became increasingly involved on the policy aspect of protecting the rights of authors and publishers in Italy, and was elected to serve in different leadership roles within SIAE (Societa' Italiana Autori Editori), Italy's copyright agency for music, and UNCLA (Unione Nazionale Compositori Librettisti Autori). In 2011, he was nominated UNCLA's Honorary President, as recognition for the contributions made in the pioneering of the Italian music industry during the 20th century, and the rich legacy he left behind. Such honor had been previously awarded to Gorni Kramer, Ennio Morricone and Mogol, all of whom stand alongside Maestro Ezio Leoni as pillars of Italy's post-war music sound. References Italian male composers Italian record producers Composers from Milan 1927 births 2015 deaths

30856377

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20Euro%20Beach%20Soccer%20League

2007 Euro Beach Soccer League

The 2007 Euro Beach Soccer League, was the tenth edition of the Euro Beach Soccer League (EBSL), the premier beach soccer competition contested between European men's national teams, occurring annually since its establishment in 1998. The league was organised by Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW) between June 29 and August 26, 2007 in six different nations across Europe. Changes made to the structure of the league in 2006 remained in place for this season. However, there were some notable adjustments to the organisation of Division B – the lower tier season was shortened dramatically to just one round of matches involving all nations and hence was renamed as the Preliminary round for this season. Spain entered the tournament as defending champions but lost to Portugal in the Superfinal semi-finals. The Portuguese proceeded to win the title, beating France in the final to claim their second European crown, having first won five years prior in 2002. This was France's third runner-up finish in the EBSL and their last top four placing to date. The league also doubled as the European qualification process for the 2007 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup. The nations finishing in first, second, third and fourth place qualified, along with the winners of the last chance bracket. Preliminary round (Division B) Traditionally known as Division B, the lower tier of teams' competition was called the Preliminary Round this season. It took place prior to the Division A season. The event decided which four nations would advance to play in Division A later in the year alongside the top tier's automatic entrants. For this season, BSWW discarded the traditional multi-stage regular season for lower tier nations. In place of this was organised a single round of matches to decide those to progress to Division A. Since the division consisted of just one stage of fixtures, all 12 teams participated, split into four groups of three, competing in a round robin format. Unlike in previous years, the overall division table did not determine the successful teams to progress to the next stage of their EBSL campaign. Instead, each of the four group winners secured a place in Division A. The preliminary round took place in Athens, Greece. Teams Key Group A Group B Group C Group D Division A Following the completion of Division B, Division A commenced. Division A consisted of four rounds of fixtures known as stages, with one stage hosted in each of the four nations which received automatic entry into the division. All eight teams took part in each stage. Each stage was played as a straight knockout tournament. All eight teams contesting the stage title started in the quarter-finals, playing one match per round until the final when the winner of the stage was crowned. The losers of the quarter and semi-finals played in consolation matches to determine their final league placements. Point distribution Unlike in previous years, points earned by the participating teams for winning matches did not count towards league table. Instead, the system of awarding points established last season in 2006 continued to be used (with minor alterations) – teams earned points for the league table based on their final placement in each stage from 10 points for winning the stage, down to 1 point for finishing last. The breakdown of the distribution of points is shown in the table below: Teams Automatic entrants Division B qualifiers Stage 1 The first stage of Division A took place in San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy. Dates: QFs – 13 July; SFs – 14 July; Finals – 15 July Results Awards Final standings Stage 2 The second stage of Division A took place in Portimão, Portugal. Dates: QFs – 19 July; SFs – 20 July; Finals – 21 July Results Awards Final standings Stage 3 The third stage of Division A took place in Tignes, France. Dates: QFs – 27 July; SFs – 28 July; Finals – 29 July Results Awards Final standings Stage 4 The fourth stage of Division A took place in Palma de Mallorca, Mallorca, Spain. Dates: QFs – 3 August; SFs – 4 August; Finals – 5 August Results Awards Final standings Final table Following the completion of all four stages, the final Division A table was drawn up. The top six nations qualified for the Superfinal. Superfinal The Superfinal took place at the Plages du Prado, Marsielle, France. The playoff event was organised as a multi-stage tournament; starting with a group stage, the six qualified nations were split into two groups of three, playing in a round robin format. The top two from each group advanced to the semi-finals from which point on the Superfinal was played as a knockout tournament until the winner of the 2007 EBSL was crowned, with an additional match to determine third place. The semifinalists secured qualification to the 2007 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup. Group stage Group A Group B Knockout stage Championship match details Superfinal final standings Last chance bracket European nations were granted five berths at the 2007 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup. As Superfinal semifinalists, Portugal, Spain, Russia and France successfully claimed four of these spots. This meant one berth was yet to be filled. This berth was contested in a final round of the 2007 EBSL, independent from the normal proceedings of the league, known as the Last chance bracket. Played as a knockout tournament, parallel to the staging of the Superfinal, Italy won the event and claimed the final World Cup spot. Sources Roonba RSSSF beachsoccer.ru (in Russian) Euro Beach Soccer League 2007 in beach soccer

3601639

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphonie%20X

Polyphonie X

Polyphonie X (1950–51) is a three-movement composition by Pierre Boulez for eighteen instruments divided into seven groups, with a duration of roughly fifteen minutes. Following the work's premiere, Boulez withdrew the score, stating that it suffered from "theoretical exaggeration". (In a 1974 interview, he referred to it as a "document" rather than a "work".) Despite Boulez's dissatisfaction with the piece, it played a key role in his development: one writer called it "the linchpin connecting Boulez's early mastery of gesture and contour... with his later interest in large ensembles and grand forms", his "brave 'first attempt' to produce a work that exhausted a particular musical technique with large orchestral forces by developing an expansive, additive structure at the earliest stages of composition", and "one of the purest representations of Boulez's first turn toward integral serialism". Background In 1948 and 1949, Boulez worked on Livre pour Quatuor for string quartet, in which he began to explore the notion of expanding serial technique to encompass rhythms and dynamics as well as pitches. This was followed by further efforts in the direction of integral serialism in the form of the first book of Structures for two pianos, Polyphonie X, and Deux Études for tape, as well as an article titled "Eventuellement" containing detailed comments and reflections on the experience of composing the pieces. Polyphonie X had its origins in a work that Boulez, in a letter to John Cage dated 30 December 1950, described as a piece of chamber music for 49 instruments, "a collection of 14 or 21 polyphonies (maybe more), I don't know yet, very long in duration. But one will be able to select what one likes". (Paul Griffiths noted that this concept represented an early example of what would later become known as an "open" work, in that it would have allowed the conductor to freely select a subset of pieces.) In the remainder of the letter, Boulez laid out his thoughts with regard to the serial treatment of pitch (including quarter tones), rhythmic cells, and instrumental combinations (and thus timbre). (This text, along with material from another letter to Cage, later appeared as an article titled "The System Exposed".) Composition In the winter of 1950–1951, Heinrich Strobel visited Boulez and found him wrapped in a blanket, surrounded by charts and score pages covered with tiny notes. Strobel decided to commission a work from Boulez for the Donaueschingen Festival, to be held the coming fall, to which Boulez responded by reworking the "polyphonies" material described in the letter to Cage into what would become Polyphonie X, reducing the number of instruments to eighteen (with the ensemble divided into seven groups) and transforming the quarter-tone material into standard tuning. According to Boulez, the piece, which comprises three sections, was completed in the summer of 1951, after he wrote Structures Ia but before he wrote Structures Ib and Ic. The breakdown of the seven groups is as follows: Regarding the title, Boulez explained: X is simply X, neither a letter of the alphabet, nor a number, nor yet an algebraic symbol. It is rather a graphic symbol. I called this work Polyphonie X because it contains certain structures which intersect in the sense of augmentations and diminutions arising from their encounter, as well as similarly conceived rises and falls in the sound, and finally a series of rhythmic cells which intersect in like manner. It is moreover these cells which comprise the main ingredient of the work on the structural level. Griffiths also suggested that the "X" reflected a preoccupation with the kind of "diagonal thinking", meaning an integration of melodic and harmonic aspects, that Boulez found in Webern's Second Cantata, a work that Boulez referred to as "open(ing) up infinite perspectives and... one of the key works... by reason of its potentialities for the future... stand(ing) at the origin of a new conception of music itself". Reception The première of Polyphonie X occurred on 6 October 1951 at the Donaueschingen Festival, with the SWR Sinfonie-Orchester conducted by Hans Rosbaud. Antoine Goléa, who attended the concert, recalled: "Those who experienced this Donaueschingen première will remember the scandal as long as they live. Shouts, caterwauling, and other animal noises were unleashed from one half of the hall in response to applause, foot-stamping and enthusiastic bravos from the other". Strobel remained positive, commenting: "Polyphonie X was the greatest scandal I went through after the war. Unfortunately, the press, in writing about the work today, still uses some of the pejorative phrases it used at the premiere. But those who knew anything at all knew that this was a very special work, one that in both structure and color opened completely new paths". Boulez was unable to attend, but, after hearing a tape of the concert, decided to withdraw the piece. (Although Boulez initially intended to revise the work, it remained unpublished at the time of his death.) Despite this, the work received three additional performances: one in Los Angeles on 6 October 1952, conducted by Robert Craft; one in Naples on 11 May 1953, conducted by Bruno Maderna; and one in Barcelona on 27 January 1954, conducted by Jacques Bodmer. A recording of the première performance has appeared on several releases by the Denon and Col Legno labels, and a recording of the first section of the work, conducted by Maderna, was included on a release by the Stradivarius label. Influence Shortly after the première of Polyphonie X, Strobel played a tape of the piece for Igor Stravinsky while the composer was in Baden-Baden. According to Robert Craft, Stravinsky was impressed by the "nose-thumbing force of the work", and may have been reminded of the first performance of The Rite of Spring due to the audience's forceful reaction. In the fall of 1952, prior to the performance conducted by Craft, Stravinsky assisted at several rehearsals and made an analysis of the piece. He attended the concert, and eventually Stravinsky and Boulez met and formed a relationship which would run "hot and cold" until the older composer's death. Reflecting on his experience with Polyphonie X, Boulez wrote the following in a letter to Henri Pousseur dated late 1952: "I fear I let myself go a little too much, presently, in terms of virtuosity of pointillist technique, without referring, strictly speaking, to overall compositional sensibility. In other words, the details are not fully integrated within a perceptible whole... by limiting myself to analysis and variation, I am falling into greyness and automatic processes." In a later interview, he was again critical, stating that the work "simply shows the inadequate education I had had at the time", and calling it "very awkward and rigid", "an abstract blueprint: the instruments are only there to play the notes according to whether they belong to one register or another... there is nothing... that takes account of instrumental capacities and potential as such". Boulez summed up the period of the early 1950s as a time of research during which he attempted to "make a clean sweep of one's heritage and start all over again from scratch". He also recalled that some of the concerts in those years, featuring his own works, as well as those by colleagues who had been influenced by his ideas, "were of quite lunatic sterility and academicism, and above all became totally uninteresting". In 1954, he published an essay ("Recherches maintenant") that was both self-critical and forward-looking, in which he lamented the monotony of recent serial works, and in which he began to express a concern with perception, suggesting that his path to the future lay in seeking a balance between rigor and free will. In his next work, Le Marteau sans maître, Boulez employed compositional techniques that were more flexible and supple, incorporating what he would call "local indiscipline", while at the same time reflecting the lessons learned during the creation of the previous works. References Sources External links , SWR Sinfonie-Orchester conducted by Hans Rosbaud Compositions by Pierre Boulez 1951 compositions 20th-century classical music Serial compositions

37024452

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conor%20McAnally

Conor McAnally

Conor McAnally (born 24 March 1952) is an Irish television writer, producer and director. He worked in Ireland up to 1989, moved to London and worked in the United Kingdom until 2004 when he moved to the United States. He is based in Austin, Texas. His productions have won more than 20 awards including 5 British Academy Awards and 3 from the Royal Television Society. He is best known for music and entertainment programs and is an expert in live broadcasts. Early life McAnally was born in Dublin, Ireland to actors Ray McAnally and Ronnie Masterson. He is the eldest of four children. His brother Aonghus is a radio and television presenter/producer at RTÉ in Ireland. He was educated at St. Josephs's Primary and Secondary Schools in Fairview, Dublin and then attended Rathmines College of Commerce Dublin Institute of Technology where he graduated in Journalism. Career McAnally joined Independent Newspapers in Dublin in 1970 as a junior reporter and worked for the daily Irish Independent, Evening Herald and the weekly Sunday Independent. During a 5-year newspaper career he was an investigative reporter, crime reporter, health and social welfare correspondent, deputy motoring correspondent and a columnist. He won the Journalist of the Year award in 1972 for breaking a story on how the Irish Republican Army was training volunteers to fight in Northern Ireland. He met his first wife Roisin Finnigan at the Independent where she worked as a copy taker. In 1975 McAnally joined the Irish Broadcast service RTÉ as a radio and television reporter. He worked in the Newsroom for two years before moving into program presenting on The Politics Program and Youngline. As the host of Youngline he was the first person to introduce the fledgling U2 to a TV audience. In 1980 McAnally became RTÉ's youngest Producer/Director. He produced Ireland's Eye, Non Stop Pop, Moving Hearts in Concert, Stockton's Wing in Concert, Christmas at the Castle, and directed a number of other shows. In 1982 he left to form Spearhead Productions and directed 152 shows in his first year. In 1984 McAnally joined forces with radio DJ Vincent Hanley (aka. Fab Vinny) to form Green Apple Productions, where they created MT USA, Europe's first terrestrial music video TV series and Hanley became Ireland's first VJ. The show was broadcast on Sunday afternoons and repeated on Friday nights, and continued until 1987, when Hanley died of an AIDS-related illness. McAnally and the other Green Apple partner Bill Hughes decided to end the program series rather than continue without Hanley. Shows at Green Apple included Rapid Roulette, Finding Fax Future, The Write Stuff. In 1987/1988 he made a trilogy of documentaries on AIDS. He would later describe them as a tribute to his friend and partner Vincent Hanley. In 1987 Green Apple Productions merged with Strongbow Film and Television Productions, a producer of documentaries, feature films and TV dramas. McAnally left Strongbow in 1989 and moved to London, where he freelanced as a producer and director. He worked with The Children's Channel directing 12 shows a week for their British Satellite Broadcasting channel. He joined Buena Vista Productions (Disney) in London and produced The Disney Club for ITV for 3 seasons. After Disney he developed, wrote, produced and directed Over The Wall at Brian Waddell Productions for the BBC. The executive producer of Over The Wall Peter Murphy introduced him to British Pop duo Ant & Dec and he became their producer for The Ant & Dec Show at the BBC, Ant & Dec Unzipped at Channel 4, SM:TV Live and CD:UK at ITV. He headed up Blaze Television at Zenith Entertainment Ltd. In 2004 McAnally moved his home to Texas and commuted to London. In 2005 DIRECTV in Los Angeles commissioned CD:USA a music show based on the CD:UK format. McAnally moved to Los Angeles to run the show, and a year later Blaze was sold to US media company Shout! Factory, at which point McAnally became managing director and ran the company until the end of 2009. McAnally created ConorMac Productions in 2010. The company is based in Bastrop, Texas, just outside Austin and specialises in multi-camera directing and producing music, entertainment and other genres. References 1952 births Living people People educated at St. Joseph's CBS, Fairview Mass media people from Dublin (city) Irish emigrants to the United States Irish television writers Male television writers Irish television directors Irish television producers People from Austin, Texas Irish male writers

7780214

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%20Home%20%28Shocking%20Blue%20album%29

At Home (Shocking Blue album)

At Home is the second studio album by Dutch rock band Shocking Blue, released in 1969 on the Pink Elephant label. It is their first album to feature Mariska Veres, the group's signature frontwoman and lead singer. Overview The album is the group's first record with singer Mariska Veres. Robbie van Leeuwen acquired Veres in an attempt to ape the form of the female-fronted Jefferson Airplane. With Veres's notable vocal performance and stunning looks, the band finally had an adequate frontwoman. At Home was a mixture of influences ranging from pop rock to psychedelic rock. There is also early evidence of their interest in Americana, with tracks like "California Here I Come" and "Harley Davidson". The hit single "Venus" was omitted from the original dutch pressings of the album, but was appended to the international versions both as an opening or closing track to the side one. Singles "Long and Lonesome Road" and "Mighty Joe" were also featured on several versions of the album. At Home was repackaged for the American market as a self titled album rearranging tracklisting, omitting "I'll Write Your Name Through the Fire" and including singles of that period. Since the first reissue of At Home in 1989 "Venus" and "Long and Lonesome Road" were constantly present on the main tracklistings, both on CD and LP. Additional CD bonus tracks were the b-sides of that period. Uses in media and cover versions The John Mayer version of the song "Acka Raga" was used as the theme song for the BBC1 quiz show Ask the Family. The track "Love Buzz" gained notoriety when it was covered by grunge band Nirvana. Track listing All songs were written by Robbie van Leeuwen, except for "Acka Raga" by John Mayer. Original version Side one "Boll Weevil" – 2:40 "I'll Write Your Name Through the Fire"– 2:50 "Acka Raga" – 3:10 "Love Machine" – 3:15 "I'm a Woman" – 3:00 Side two "California Here I Come" – 3:15 "Poor Boy" – 4:50 "Love Buzz" – 3:40 "The Butterfly and I" – 3:50 American The Shocking Blue version Side one "Long and Lonesome Road" – 2:44 "Love Machine" – 3:15 "The Butterfly and I" – 3:50 "Venus" - 3:07 "California Here I Come" – 3:15 "Poor Boy" – 4:50 Side two "Mighty Joe" – 3:04 "Boll Weevil" – 2:40 "Acka Raga" – 3:10 "Love Buzz" – 3:40 "I'm a Woman" – 3:00 "Send Me a Postcard"– 2:33 Reissue edition "Boll Weevil" – 2:40 "I'll Write Your Name Through the Fire"– 2:50 "Acka Raga" – 3:10 "Love Machine" – 3:15 "I'm a Woman" – 3:00 "Venus" - 3:07 "California Here I Come" – 3:15 "Poor Boy" – 4:50 "Long and Lonesome Road" – 2:44 "Love Buzz" – 3:40 "The Butterfly and I" – 3:50 CD reissue bonus tracks Personnel Mariska Veres - lead vocals Robbie van Leeuwen - guitar, sitar, backing vocals Klaasje van der Wal - bass guitar Cor van der Beek - drums Studio musicians Cees Schrama - keyboards Charts Certifications References 1969 albums Shocking Blue albums

153618

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper%20Poppleton

Upper Poppleton

Upper Poppleton is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated by the west bank of the River Ouse adjacent to Nether Poppleton, and west of York close to the A59 from York to Harrogate. The village is served by Poppleton railway station on the Harrogate Line. According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 1,961, increasing to 1,997 at the 2011 Census. Before 1996, it was part of the Borough of Harrogate. The name is derived from popel (pebble) and tun (hamlet, farm) and means "Pebble Farm" because of the gravel bed upon which the village was built. Upper Poppleton has been referred to as "Land Poppleton" and the neighbouring village of Nether Poppleton as "Water Poppleton" indicating their position relative to the river. The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. It became a Conservation Area in 1993. History In 972, the village was recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles as "Popeltun" and in the Domesday Book as "Popeltune". The villages and lands were given by Osbert De Arches to the Abbot of St Mary's in York. It was, therefore, under the ecclesiastical rule of the Parish of St Mary-Bishophill Junior. During the reign of Richard II the village was the scene of the murder of a Mayor of York. In 1644 the 25,000 strong Scottish and Parliament Armies, led by the Earl of Manchester, laid siege to the city of York. To facilitate communications, they built a "Bridge of Boats" at Poppleton. This bridge was eventually taken by Prince Rupert and his Royalist Forces, but he subsequently lost the battle at Marston Moor. The village benefitted from the growth in the railways in the 19th century, when the York, Knaresborough and Harrogate Railway routed their line through Poppleton and erected a station. The village was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. It was then a part of the Borough of Harrogate in North Yorkshire from 1974 until 1996. Since 1996 it has been part of the City of York unitary authority. Governance Upper Poppleton lies within the Rural West York ward of the City of York Unitary Authority. As of the 2011 elections it is represented by Councillors Ian Gillies, Paul Healey and Chris Steward who are all members of the local Conservative Party. It is a part of the UK Parliamentary Constituency of York Outer. Until January 2020 it also fell within the boundaries of the Yorkshire and the Humber European Parliament constituency. Locally there is a Parish Council with eight council members. Economy The Poppletons were formerly agricultural settlements with many farms, but the modern village is mostly a dormitory for commuters to the nearby towns and cities. It has benefited from its good road and rail links. The village has local retail facilities, including a post office, and some small enterprises. Demography In the 19th century the population has varied between 284 and 346. The census of 2001 recorded the population as 1,961. Community There are two allotment sites in the village of Upper Poppleton. One is located at the end of Beech Grove and the other is in Main Street next to the Library. There are eight allotments on the Beech Grove Allotments, each approximately 300 square metres. The land is owned by the Parish Council. Main Street Allotments have seven plots. There is a Youth Club and Scout Troop in the village. Education In 1797, local ironmonger John Dodsworth founded a Church of England School. This was converted into accommodation for the School Master when a new building was built in 1850. As of 2010 Poppleton Ousebank Primary provides primary education for both Poppletons. For secondary education, the village is in the catchment area of York High School on Cornlands Road in nearby Acomb, though the nearest secondary school is Manor CE on Millfield Lane. Manor is a Church of England School and has its own admissions policy separate from the local City Council. It was originally built in 1813 at Kings Manor and has moved several times before being sited in Millfield Lane. Transport Yorkshire Coastliner buses run past the village as part of the York to Ripon route. First York buses operate in the village as part of the Nether Poppleton route to York/Stamford Bridge. Transdev York buses operate in the village, as part of the Nether Poppleton route to York/Stamford Bridge. Eddie Brown buses run past the village as part of the York to Boroughbridge/Ripon route. A Park and Ride (Poppleton Bar) was constructed by the A59 in 2015, with Park and Ride buses (route 59) running from Poppleton to York centre, generally every fifteen minutes. In 2020 the site was used as a drive-through COVID-19 testing centre. This has now been reopened as a park and ride. Northern Rail operates a stopping service on the line between York and Leeds via Harrogate. Poppleton station is the first station after York. Trains from Leeds via Harrogate are billed with Poppleton as the final destination on the boards at Leeds but the train will continue to York. Religion The old Norman 'Chapel of All Hallows' in Upper Poppleton was demolished in 1890 to make way for the Victorian All Saints' Church. The 'new' church was designed by Hodgson Fowler of Durham. In 1866, the two Poppleton Parishes were united to form the Parish of Nether Poppleton with Upper Poppleton. All Saints' Church is situated on The Green in Upper Poppleton. The present Methodist Chapel on the Green replaced two previous buildings on the site built in 1817 and 1819 respectively. Sports Poppleton United 1st XI play in York Football League Premier Division, as of 2010, and play next to the Community Centre on Main Street. The 2nd XI play in Reserve Division C. Poppleton Tigers Junior Football Club is located in Nether Poppleton, but serves both villages. There is a Lawn Tennis Club with artificial and all weather courts in Main Street. As of 2010 the Men's 1st and second team play in Division One of the Tyke Petroleum Tennis League and the 3rd team play in Division Six. The Ladies 1st team also compete in the Ladies section of the same League, with the 1st team playing in Division One, the 2nd team in Division Three and the 3rd team in Division Three as of 2010. They also enter five teams in the Mixed Section in Divisions One, Two, Six Eight and Eleven. References External links Upper Poppleton Parish Council website Villages in the City of York Civil parishes in North Yorkshire

67402096

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhansk%20Economic%20Union

Luhansk Economic Union

The Luhansk Economic Union (LES; ) is a social movement in the Luhansk People's Republic, numbering more than 25,000 members. History The constituent assembly of the Luhansk Economic Union was held on 7 October 2014. LES was founded by the entrepreneurs of Lugansk, businessmen and representatives of the LPR industry became its members. The organization's plans include the post-war economic restoration of the Luhansk People's Republic. In the 2014 general elections, the movement was represented by the first three members of the electoral list - trade union leader Oleg Akimov, miner Yuriy Pakholyuk, farmer Yuriy Morozov, and chairman of the movement, director of the bread-processing enterprise Zinaida Nadion. The Luhansk Economic Union campaigned in the general elections with the motto, "Wealth in every home." The goal of this economic program was stated as, "to create a strong economic model in the independent Luhansk People's Republic and revive its industrial, production and agricultural potential". The leader of the list of the social movement, Oleg Akimov said: "Only a developed economy will allow the LPR to continue its development as a strong and independent state and to pursue an independent policy based on its national interests." According to the results of the parliamentary elections, 15 members of the Luhansk Economic Union were elected deputies of the People's Council of the LPR. On 30 May 2015, the first public reception of the Luhansk Economic Union was opened in Lugansk in the Federation of Trade Unions of the LPR. Political program and projects The political program of the public movement "Lugansk Economic Union" consists of several points: Integration of the LPR economy into the economic space of the Russian Federation and the Customs Union. Development, approval and implementation of target republican programs for the support and development of medium and small businesses in conjunction with relevant ministries and other state bodies. Attraction of public and private capital for the purpose of organizing social partnership based on the interaction of business structures and public authorities. Anti-corruption and reduction of the list of bureaucratic procedures. Work to attract foreign investment to the region both from the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, and from the European states and EU member states. Nomination of candidates from the public movement "Lugansk Economic Union" for deputies of the People's Council of the LPR, as well as for local councils. Implementation of innovative and energy-saving technologies in the industry of the region. Development of intra-republican industrial and production cooperation. Implementation and development of the agro-industrial potential of the LPR. Reconstruction and modernization of the coal mining sector. Implementation of innovative technologies in the process of coal mining and improvement of working conditions for miners, development of measures to increase coal exports. Additionally it engages in several, related, projects: Happy children: organization of business patronage over kindergartens, schools, hospitals, orphanages and boarding schools. Revival of the Luhansk region: the revival of the most problematic industrial enterprises of the Lugansk People's Republic under the conditions of the economic blockade by Ukraine, for which round tables and master classes are held once a month. Made in LPR: development of brands of manufacturers that operate on the territory of the Lugansk People's Republic, holding offsite fairs to expand the attractiveness of products manufactured in the Republic in the areas of food, light and processing industries, and the agro-industrial complex. Perspective: development of competitions to support the initiatives of young entrepreneurs of the Republic. Green light: support for small and medium-sized businesses of the Lugansk People's Republic. Leadership The position of the chairman of the public movement "Lugansk Economic Union" is occupied by Zinaida Nadyon, who is a deputy of the People's Council of the LPR of the II convocation and is a member of the committee on budgetary and financial, investment and tax policy, economy, trade and foreign relations, development of small and medium-sized businesses. The position of the head of the central executive committee of the movement is occupied by Yuri Morozov, who is a deputy of the People's Council of the LPR of the 2nd convocation (he was also a deputy of the People's Council of the 1st convocation) and is a member of the committee on property and land relations, natural resources and environmental safety. Electoral results Head People's Council See also Peace for Lugansk Region References Organizations of the Russo-Ukrainian War Political parties in the Luhansk People's Republic Political parties established in 2014 Russian nationalism in Ukraine Russophilic parties

5799940

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20diving%20petrel

Common diving petrel

The common diving petrel (Pelecanoides urinatrix), also known as the smaller diving petrel or simply the diving petrel, is a diving petrel, one of four very similar auk-like small petrels of the southern oceans. It is native to South Atlantic islands and islands of the subantarctic southern Indian Ocean, islands and islets off New Zealand and south-eastern Australian islands. Taxonomy The common diving petrel was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin. He placed it with the other petrels in the genus Procellaria and coined the binomial name Procellaria uriatrix. Gmelin based his description on the "diving petrel" that had been described in 1785 by the English ornithologist John Latham in the second volume of his A General Synopsis of Birds. Latham reported that they were found in great numbers in Queen Charlotte Sound at the northern end of South Island, New Zealand. The common diving petrel is now one of four petrels placed in the genus Pelecanoides that was introduced in 1799 by the French naturalist Bernard Germain de Lacépède. The genus name, Pelecanoides, means "Pelican-resembling", which was assigned to the diving petrels on account of their expandable throat pouches that they use to carry food. Its specific name, urinatrix, is derived from the Latin term, urinator, which means "diver". Its subspecies' names include chathamensis, referring to the Chatham Islands, exsul, meaning "isolated" or "remote", dacunhae, referring to the Tristan da Cunha Islands, berard, honoring French navigator Auguste Bérard, and coppingeri, which honors Royal Navy surgeon and naturalist Richard William Coppinger. There are six subspecies (also listed above), which vary in body measurements, particularly bill size: P. u. urinatrix (J. F. Gmelin, 1789): Australia, Tasmania and North Island, New Zealand. P. u. chathamensis (Murphy & Harper, 1916): Stewart, Snares, and Chatham Islands of New Zealand. P. u. exsul (Salvin, 1896): South Georgia, Subantarctic islands of the Indian Ocean such as the Kerguelen, Heard and McDonald islands, etc., and subantarctic islands of New Zealand, including the Auckland Islands, Antipodes Island, and Campbell Island. P. u. dacunhae (Nicoll, 1906): Tristan da Cunha archipelago and Gough Island. P. u. berard (Gaimard, 1823): Falkland Islands, also distributed throughout the Southwest Atlantic. P. u. coppingeri (Mathews, 1912): Distribution uncertain, possibly breeds in Southern Chile. Description The common diving petrel is a small, plump petrel, in length and weighing around . The plumage is black above and dull white below and it has a relatively short black bill. The wings have thin white strips. The face and neck can be more brown than black. The legs and feet are blue with blackish-brown webbing in between the toes. Unless seen very close, it is almost indistinguishable from the South Georgian diving petrel, P. georgicus. The common diving petrel has brown inner web primary feathers, whereas the South Georgia petrel has light inner web feathering. Common petrels have smaller and narrower bills than the South Georgia petrel. Another difference is that the South Georgia diving petrel has a posterior black line down the tarsi. The common species is also slightly larger than the South Georgian species. Distribution and habitat The common diving petrel is found between latitudes 35 and 55 degrees south, mostly around islands. While the population is decreasing, it is not believed to be rapid enough to be of concern. While burrows are usually dug in vegetated slopes, though they are occasionally built in flatland. Behaviour The common diving petrel feeds on the continental shelf during the breeding season, its movements during the non-breeding season are poorly known and whether it disperses more widely is not known. Like other members of their family they catch prey by wing-propelled diving, and are capable of diving to . The diet of this species is dominated by crustaceans. They are known to forage at night on vertically migrating plankton. Feeding is mostly done in the ocean near the shore, but sometimes in the deeper pelagic zone during non-breeding season, which is only 2 months of the year. Breeding The mating habits are not well documented, although pairs form monogamous relationships. Breeding colonies are large and there is about one nest per . The nest is a burrow around 50 cm long with a chamber at the bottom which may or may not be lined with dried grass. Females lay a single white egg, which measures 38 x 29 mm, and is incubated for 53–55 days. The young are brooded for 10–15 days and fledgling occurs at 45–59 days. Both parents take care of the young, which are grey-grown when hatched. The life expectancy is 6.5 years. Gallery References External links Pelecanoides urinatrix at Animal Diversity Web NZ Seabirds gallery common diving petrel Birds of South Australia Birds of Tasmania Birds of New Zealand Birds of Argentina Birds of Tierra del Fuego Birds of Uruguay Birds of islands of the Atlantic Ocean Birds of the Indian Ocean Birds of subantarctic islands Fauna of Heard Island and McDonald Islands common diving petrel common diving petrel

22687230

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20Melani

Kenneth Melani

Kenneth R. Melani is the former president and chief executive officer of Highmark, a health insurance company based in Pittsburgh and the largest health insurer in Pennsylvania. Before his abrupt departure from Highmark in 2012, he was one of the most powerful health insurance executives in the country. At his peak in 2012, Melani was in charge of a Highmark that was $14.6 billion company and had millions of policyholders, for which he was paid $4 million annually. Family and early life He was born to an Italian Catholic family in New Kensington, Pennsylvania. He grew up in Arnold, Pennsylvania, where his childhood home nearly caved-in due to mine subsidence. The family later moved to Cheswick, Pennsylvania, where he attended Springdale High School, part of the Allegheny Valley School District. He attended Washington & Jefferson College, where he was president of Kappa Sigma fraternity and played on the basketball team. He graduated in 1975 with a chemistry degree. He married in 1975 and had two daughters with his first wife. Medical school and medical practice He enrolled in the Bowman Gray School of Medicine in North Carolina and pursued pediatric oncology for a time before specializing in adult internal medicine. He earned board certification in internal medicine from the American Board of Internal Medicine. He returned to Pennsylvania in 1979 for a 3-year residency at the West Penn Allegheny Health System. In 1982, he started his own practice, Melani & Wilfong, with colleague Donald Wilfong from Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Soon Melani began to take a strong role in the business side of the practice, building a presence in hospitals and nursing homes. He began to take on work for West Penn Cares, a company of West Penn-affiliated physicians, developing business opportunities with a commercial blood laboratory and in-home intravenous therapy devices. During his 4 1/2 years as CEO of that company, he left the active practice of medicine to more fully pursue the business side of the medical field. Health insurance executive In 1989, he was appointed chief medical officer for Blue Cross of Western Pennsylvania. The position had historically been staid one, typically filled by a doctor nearing retirement. Instead, Melani, who was a generation younger than his peers, took the Blue Cross on a new direction, especially the Health Related Services division and Keystone Health Plan West. He pushed Blue Cross towards the managed care model of health services delivery, a move that proved to be prescient as that model would control over 85% of the market by 1996. Melani was appointed named vice president of strategic business development and health services of the new joint company. During this time, Blue Cross of Western Pennsylvania merged with Harrisburg's Pennsylvania Blue Shield, which proved to be administratively difficult to manage and saw significant operating losses for some time. The company was re-christened Highmark The company's expansion continued as the company continued to purchase practices and companies as a hedge against the rival and tenuous partner University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). In 2002, UPMC threatened to withdraw from the Highmark network, a huge disruption in service for Western Pennsylvania. Melani personally negotiated a 10-year deal with UPMC to remain in the Highmark network. The deal catapulted Melani to the position CEO of Highmark in 2003. He remained at "war" with UPMC for the remainder of his time at Highmark. In 2008, Melani led an effort to merge Highmark with Philadelphia's Independence Blue Cross. Melani was slated to be CEO of the new joint company and it 26,000 employees, 7 million policyholders, and a total of $24 billion in operations. The merger plan was abandoned after state regulators made approval contingent on requirement that Highmark deemed unfeasible. Melani then initiated Highmark's successful effort in acquiring West Penn Allegheny Health System, another Western Pennsylvania health provider, as a bulwark against rival UPMC. Amid the battle between the two insurers, Melani and UPMC CEO Jeffrey Romoff had a high level of personal animosity. Personal issues and termination from Highmark On March 25, 2012, Melani was involved in a domestic dispute in Oakmont, Pennsylvania. On April 1, 2012, his employment with Highmark was terminated. He was charged with criminal trespass and simple assault and went on an unpaid leave of absence from Highmark. The incident had an immediate impact on Highmark, as it had come amid the controversial attempt to acquire West Penn. Even Moody's Investors Service downgraded Highmark's credit rating. With respect to Melani's ongoing feud with UPMC, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette said "When the story became public, you could almost hear the gleeful scorn emanating from UPMC corporate suites...and now the good doctor has handed (UPMC President) Mr. Romoff another arrow for his "get Highmark" quiver." A few months after Melani's termination, his replacement worked out a long-sought deal with UPMC to last until 2015. That June, Melani's charges were withdrawn after he completed anger management classes. Awards and service He was awarded W&J College's "Entrepreneur of the Year Award" in 2009. He has served on the Washington & Jefferson College board of trustees. References 1954 births Living people People from New Kensington, Pennsylvania American people of Italian descent American Roman Catholics American internists Physicians from Pennsylvania American health care chief executives Wake Forest School of Medicine alumni Washington & Jefferson College alumni Washington & Jefferson College trustees

69264929

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSea

OpenSea

OpenSea is an American non-fungible token (NFT) marketplace headquartered in New York City. The company was founded by Devin Finzer and Alex Atallah in 2017. OpenSea offers a marketplace online allowing for non-fungible tokens to be sold directly at a fixed price, or through an auction. History Devin Finzer and Alex Atallah founded OpenSea in December 2017. They were inspired by CryptoKitties, a blockchain-based game featuring non-fungible tokens that had been released earlier that year. Finzer and Atallah believed that OpenSea could be a marketplace for buying NFT tokens like those at scale. They entered Y Combinator's accelerator program in 2018, where OpenSea was described as a "peer-to-peer marketplace for cryptogoods". After a 2018 pre-seed round by Y Combinator, OpenSea raised $2.1 million in venture capital in November 2019. In March 2021, the company raised $23 million in venture capital; four months later the company announced another investment round of $100 million making it a unicorn. In March 2020, the platform had 4,000 active users completing $1.1 million in transactions a month. By July 2021, users were completing $350 million in transactions a month, and the company was valued at $1.5 billion after a $100 million Series B venture round led by Andreessen Horowitz. In August 2021, the value of monthly transactions spiked to $3.4 billion, and in November OpenSea had 1.8 million active users. In September 2021, OpenSea admitted that an employee engaged in insider trading. OpenSea's Head of Product hoarded NFTs just before they were featured on the homepage. In January 2022, the company had been valued at $13.3 billion and was described as the largest non-fungible token marketplace. The daily trading volume on the OpenSea marketplace reached $2.7 billion on May 1, 2022, but four months later had dropped by 99%. In January 2022, OpenSea acquired Ethereum wallet-maker Dharma Labs. Later that month, OpenSea reimbursed users about $1.8 million after a user interface bug allowed users to buy more than $1 million worth of NFTs at a discount. On January 27, 2022, OpenSea announced it would limit how many NFTs a user can create using the free minting tool. The following day, OpenSea reversed the decision following user backlash and later admitted that 80% of NFTs created with the tool were plagiarism or spam. On February 19, 2022, some users began to report that some of their NFTs disappeared. OpenSea later revealed a phishing attack had taken place on its platform via an exploit in the Wyvern Platform. The company denied rumors the source of the theft was its website, its listing systems, emails from the company, or an upgraded contract system. The next day, The Verge reported that hundreds of NFTs were stolen from OpenSea users causing a huge panic among the platform community. The estimated value of the stolen tokens is more than $1.7 million. According to OpenSea, only 32 users had been affected. OpenSea later revised its statement to note that 17 users were directly affected, while the other 15 users had interacted with the attacker but had not lost tokens as a result. In March 2022, OpenSea announced that it would block accounts subject to United States sanctions. On April 25, 2022, OpenSea announced the acquisition of the NFT marketplace aggregator company Gem.xyz. In June 2022, former OpenSea product manager Nathaniel Chastain was charged with wire fraud and money laundering in connection with an insider trading scheme of digital assets. On May 3, 2023 Chastain was convicted of both charges. On 30 June 2022 OpenSea reported a massive email data breach after a Customer.io staff member misused his employee access to download and share the email addresses of OpenSea's users. Over 1.8 million email addresses are said to have been leaked. On 14 July 2022, chief executive Devin Finzer tweeted that the company was cutting one in five of its employees. The daily volume of NFT transactions on OpenSea peaked at $2.7 billion on May 1, 2022, but then dropped by 99% within four months to just $9.34 million on August 28, with daily users down a third to 24,020. Funding Features In December 2020, OpenSea announced that any user could mint NFTs on its platform for free. Later, in March 2021, OpenSea announced NFT collections would not need to be approved to be listed; this decision was later criticized for allowing rampant plagiarism on the platform. On September 17, 2021, OpenSea released an app for Android and iOS. The app allows for browsing the marketplace, but as of March 2023, the app does not allow buying or selling NFTs. References External links Non-fungible tokens Online retailers Y Combinator companies 2017 establishments Companies based in Manhattan

23889006

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt%20Whyman

Matt Whyman

Matt Whyman is a British novelist, also known for his work as an advice columnist for numerous teenage magazines. Biography Born in 1969, Matt Whyman grew up in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, and has an MA from the UEA Creative Writing course (1992) taught by Sir Malcolm Bradbury and Rose Tremain. He has written widely for all ages across a range of subjects in fiction and non-fiction, notably Boy Kills Man (2004), a critically acclaimed story of Colombian child assassins which is published in translation around the world, the bestselling comic memoir Walking With Sausage Dogs (2011) and The Unexpected Genius of Pigs (2018). In 1995, Whyman became the first male advice columnist for 19 magazine. He went on to hold a 10-year residency as AOL UK's online agony uncle, and for 18 years at Bliss Magazine from 1996 until its closure in 2014. He has created many national health awareness campaigns for BBC Radio 1, CLIC Sargent, Macmillan and Brook Advisory, written widely on teenage issues for the national press, and often appeared on radio and television in this role. In 1997, Whyman co-presented a series of ITV's cult Saturday morning sex and relationships show, Love Bites, and from 2011-2013 served as the resident agony uncle on BBC Radio 1's live advice show, The Surgery. As well as teaching creative writing across the UK, and for the British Council in Russia, Mexico, Africa and the Middle East, Whyman is an established ghostwriter and collaborative author. In the latter role, he has worked on books with Billy Connolly (Tracks Across America, 2016), Charles Eugster (Age is Just a Number 2017), Matthew Syed (You are Awesome, 2018) and Gareth Southgate (Anything is Possible, 2020) among others. In 2015, he wrote the graphic novel Username: Evie, with the story provided by Joe Sugg, who was credited as the lead author of the work, and with the art provided by Amrit Birdi, as well as two further titles, Username: Regenerated (2016) and Username: Uprising (2017). Whyman is also the author of The Nice & Accurate Good Omens TV Companion (2019) to accompany the series, Good Omens, based upon the novel by Neil Gaiman and Terry Pratchett, and Our Planet, based on the Netflix series, with a foreword by Sir David Attenborough. Matt Whyman lives in West Sussex. He is married with four children. Books Novels Man or Mouse (2000), Hodder Headline Columbia Road (2002) Hodder Headline Superhuman (2003), Hodder Children's Books Boy Kills Man (2004), Hodder Children's Books The Wild (2005), Hodder Children's Books So Below (2005), Simon & Schuster (republished as Street Runners in 2008) Inside the Cage (2007), Simon & Schuster /Atheneum Books (as Icecore) Goldstrike (2009), Simon & Schuster & Atheneum Books Lazlo Strangolov's Feather & Bone (2009) Walker Books Lazlo Strangolov's Tooth & Claw (2011) Walker Books Battle Champions: Academy Attack (2013) Simon & Schuster (co-written as Jack Carson) Battle Champions: Canyon Clash (2013) Simon & Schuster (co-written as Jack Carson) Battle Champions: Swampland Slam (2013) Simon & Schuster co-written as Jack Carson) Battle Champions: Terminal Takedown (2013) Simon & Schuster (co-written as Jack Carson) The Savages (2013) Hot Key Books American Savage (2014) Hot Key Books Boy Kills Man Tenth Anniversary Edition (2014) Hot Key Books Bad Apple (2016) Hot Key Books Non fiction Wise Guides: Smoking (2000), Hodder Children's Books Wise Guides: Drinking (2002), Hodder Children's Books XY: A Toolkit for Life (2002), Hodder Children's Books (republished as Unzipped in 2007) XY100: 100 strategies for life (2004), Hodder Children's Books Wise Guides: Family Break Up (2005), Hodder Children's Books Oink / Pig in the Middle (2011) Hodder Headline Walking With Sausage Dogs (2012) Hodder Headline The Unexpected Genius of Pigs (2018) HarperCollins The Nice & Accurate Good Omens TV Companion (2019) Headline Our Planet (2019) HarperCollins. Be More Sausage (2020) HarperCollins Failure is an Option (2022) Vertebrate Publishing Short stories Visionary (1992) Minerva (published in New Writing 2 edited by Malcolm Bradbury & Andrew Motion crusoe.com (2000) Hodder Headline (published in the New English Library of Internet Short Stories edited by Maxim Jakubowski Enfemme (2001) HarperCollins (published in Girls' Night Out/Boys' Night In edited by Jessica Adams, Chris Manby & Fiona Walker Eleven Pipers Piping (2006) Virago (published in Twelve Days edited by Shelley Silas Eclipsed (2010) Walker Books (published in The Truth is Dead edited by Marcus Sedgwick Uplifted (2013) Hot Key Books (published in The Booby Trap edited by Dawn O'Porter) Ghost Story (2014) Andersen Press (published in War Girls) Eclipsed (2015) Oxford University Press (published in War & Conflict edited by Benjamin Hulme-Cross) Prizes and awards 2004 Booktrust Teenage Prize (shortlist) Boy Kills Man 2005 Stockport Schools' Book Award (shortlist) Boy Kills Man 2006 De Jonge Jury (Netherlands) (shortlist) Boy Kills Man 2006 Wirral Paperback of the Year (shortlist) Boy Kills Man 2006 Renfrewshire Teenage Book Award (shortlist) The Wild 2007 Wirral Paperback of the Year (longlist) The Wild 2013 North East Teenage Book Award (shortlist) The Savages 2014 Angus Book Award (winner), the Savages References 1969 births Living people Alumni of the University of East Anglia 21st-century English novelists British advice columnists British writers of young adult literature English male novelists 21st-century English male writers People from West Sussex

2806514

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Winstanley

Henry Winstanley

Henry Winstanley (31 March 1644 – 27 November 1703) was an English painter, engineer and merchant, who constructed the first Eddystone lighthouse after losing two of his ships on the Eddystone rocks. He died while working on the project during the Great Storm of 1703. Early life and career He was born in Saffron Walden, Essex, and baptised there on 31 March 1644. His father Henry became land steward to the Earl of Suffolk, owner of Audley End House, in 1652, and young Henry also worked at Audley End, first as a porter and then as a secretary. In 1666 Audley End House was bought by Charles II for use as a base when attending Newmarket races, and it became effectively a royal palace. Winstanley developed an interest in engraving after a grand tour of Europe between 1669 and 1674, where he was impressed by Continental architecture and the engravings in which it was portrayed. On his return he is believed to have studied engraving with Wenceslas Hollar, and was employed at Audley End House as assistant to the Clerk of Works. In 1676 he embarked on a detailed set of architectural engravings of Audley End House which took him ten years to complete and which survive as an important early record of English manor house architecture. He also designed a set of playing cards which became very popular and sold well. He was appointed Clerk of Works at Audley End in 1679 on the death of his predecessor, and held the post until 1701. Winstanley was well known in Essex for his fascination with gadgets both mechanical and hydraulic. He had a house built for him at Littlebury which he filled with whimsical mechanisms of his own design and construction, and the "Essex House of Wonders" became a local landmark popular with visitors. In the 1690s he opened a Mathematical Water Theatre known as "Winstanley's Water-works" in London's Piccadilly. This was a commercial visitor attraction which combined fireworks, perpetual fountains, automata and ingenious mechanisms of all kinds, including "The Wonderful Barrel" of 1696 which served visitors with hot and cold drinks from the same piece of equipment. It was a successful and profitable venture and continued to operate for some years after its creator's death. Construction of the Eddystone lighthouse Winstanley became a merchant, investing some of the money he had made from his work and commercial enterprises in five ships. Two of them were wrecked on the Eddystone Rocks near Plymouth, and he demanded to know why nothing was done to protect vessels from this hazard. Told that the reef was too treacherous to mark, he declared that he would build a lighthouse there himself, and the Admiralty agreed to support him with ships and men. Construction started on 14 July 1696. The octagonal tower was to be built from Cornish granite and wood, with ornamental features and a glass lantern-room in which candles would burn to provide the light, and was to be anchored to the rock by 12 huge iron stanchions. One notable incident during its construction occurred in June 1697. At this time Britain and France were at war, and a naval vessel had been assigned to protect the workers whenever they were on the reef. On this particular day, the commissioner at Plymouth, George St Lo, ordered the ship to join the fleet and did not provide a replacement. Instead, a French privateer destroyed the work done so far on the foundations and carried Winstanley off to France. Louis XIV, however, ordered his immediate release, with the words: "France is at war with England, not with humanity". Winstanley returned to the Eddystone reef, construction resumed, and the first Eddystone Lighthouse was completed in November 1698. The lighthouse suffered some weather damage during the winter of 1698 - 1699, and the light was often obscured by spray breaking over the top of the tower. Winstanley therefore had it rebuilt the following spring on a larger scale, with extra stonework and even more elaborate decoration. Both lighthouses fulfilled their function. During the five years of their operation, no ships were wrecked on the Eddystone. Death Winstanley was recorded as having expressed great faith in his construction, going so far as to wish that he might be inside it during "the greatest storm there ever was". The tower was entirely destroyed on the night of 27 November 1703, during the Great Storm of that year. Winstanley was visiting the lighthouse that night to make repairs, and he lost his life. See also Eddystone lighthouse References Barnes, Alison. Henry Winstanley: Artist, Inventor and Lighthouse-Builder, 1644-1703. Saffron Walden: Saffron Walden Museum, 2003. Hart-Davis, Adam & Troscianko, Emily. Henry Winstanley and the Eddystone Lighthouse. London, Sutton Publishing, 2002. Lewer, H.W. "Henry Winstanley, Engraver." Essex Review, Vol. 27 (Oct 1918) 161-171 Semmens, Jason. "Eddystone - 300 Years." Fowey: Alexander Associates, 1998. External links Information on the Eddystone Lighthouse at Trinity House http://www.cichw1.net/pmlight1.html Images of the first Eddystone lighthouse 1644 births 1703 deaths English male painters Inventors killed by their own invention Lighthouse builders People from Saffron Walden 17th-century English engineers 17th-century English painters 18th-century English painters 18th-century English male artists

14395720

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Querolus

Querolus

Querolus (The Complainer) or Aulularia (The Pot) is an anonymous Latin comedy from late antiquity, the only Latin drama to survive from this period and the only ancient Latin comedy outside the works of Plautus and Terence. Title and origins In his prologue to the spectators the author first says Aululariam hodie sumus acturi (‘We are going to perform the Aulularia today’), then offers a choice of title: Querolus an Aulularia haec dicatur fabula, vestrum hinc iudicium, vestra erit sententia (‘Whether this play is called Querolus or Aulularia will be your judgement, your decision’). The archetype of the surviving manuscripts seem to have had the title Aulularia, along with a false attribution to Plautus, who had also written an Aulularia. Modern scholars generally use the title Querolus to avoid confusion with Plautus’ Aulularia. Date and place of composition are uncertain. Mention of lawlessness ad Ligerem (‘by the Loire’) suggests a Gallic origin and perhaps an early fifth-century date, if it refers to a Bagaudae uprising. The work is addressed and dedicated to a certain Rutilius (perhaps Rutilius Namatianus), a vir illustris of the highest senatorial rank and holder of imperial appointments as governor of Tuscany, vicar of Britain, Imperial Treasurer (comes sacrarum largitionum), Senior Legal Counsel (quaestor) to the emperor, and urban prefect of Rome in the years up to 414. He was of higher social standing than the author. Metre and language Although the text is printed as prose, the author was clearly trying to give the effect of the metres of Plautus. Sentences and phrases regularly end with the line endings of a trochaic septenarius or iambic senarius; and there is a tendency to trochaic sequences at the start of the next unit. In the middle however the metrical form of a Plautine verse is only occasionally preserved. The language used also has many reminiscences of early Latin comedy, both occasional archaisms and imitations or borrowings of whole phrases. Subject matter Plot The plot concerns the attempt by a pretended magician, Mandrogerus, to cheat the poor and grumpy Querolus of a treasure hidden in his house. Querolus’ father Euclio, dying abroad, had confided the location of the treasure to Mandrogerus. After Euclio’s death Mandrogerus was supposed to show Querolus the treasure and receive a half share as reward. Instead he tricks Querolus into allowing him to remove his ‘bad fortune’ from his house – the pot with the gold within it. On inspection, the pot seems to be a funerary urn, with only ashes inside it. Mandrogerus throws the pot back into Querolus’ house. It breaks and reveals the gold hidden within. When Mandrogerus learns of the gold, he returns and attempts to claim his share by his agreement with Euclio; but his own account leaves him with a choice of a charge of theft or sacrilege. Finally Querolus takes pity on him and allows him to remain as his dependent. Dramatic technique It seems unlikely that the author of the work was expecting it to be performed on stage in its original context. More probably it may have been read out as an entertainment at a banquet. But it is clear that the play is written to be performable within the conventions of ancient drama; and many aspects of dramatic technique, such as the preparation and motivation of entrances and exits, are carefully observed. Many scenes are extended far beyond the demands of the plot for their own interest. The play opens with an extended discussion between Querolus and the household Lar, who, in the style of popular philosophy, compels Querolus to admit that his dissatisfaction with life is unjustified and that there is nothing that he can reasonably desire. Querolus’ slave, Pantomalus, has a long monologue complaining of his unreasonable master, which rather reveals his own idleness and dishonesty. Mandrogerus advises Querolus about the various occult powers from which one can seek aid, a scene mocking superstitious beliefs, but also, perhaps, covertly alluding to corrupt civil servants, whose favour must be sought with bribes. Models There are several similarities to Plautus’ Aulularia in the play: the grumpy character of Querolus; a pot of gold; the appearance of the Lar of his house and his role in leading Querolus to discover the gold; a theft. In addition the grumpy house owner in Plautus is called Euclio, the name of Querolus’ father; some see the work as a kind of sequel to Plautus’ play. Reception and modern editions The play had some success in the Middle Ages and provided Vitalis of Blois in the twelfth century with the model for his own Aulularia. Since the renaissance, however, it has been largely neglected. One exception is the satirical novelist Thomas Love Peacock, who devoted an essay to it in his Horae Dramaticae of 1852. The first printed edition is that of P. Daniel (Paris 1564). There is no fully satisfactory modern critical edition: Ranstrand (1951) is generally cited, but fails to make use of an important witness, the seventeenth century copy of a lost manuscript from Reims. The ending of the work is missing (although evidently the plot is complete and very little text has been lost). In the manuscripts, it is followed without a break by the (also fragmentary) Lex convivalis, which some regard as a part of the play. References Editions Brandenburg, Y. Aulularia sive Querolus" (Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter) 2023. Ranstrand, G. Querolus sive Aulularia, Incerti Auctoris Comoedia una cum Indice Verborum (Göteborg) 1951. Jacquemard-Le Saos, C. Querolus (Aulularia) (Paris: CUF) 1994.TranslationsDuckworth, G. E. The Complete Roman Drama (New York: Random House) 1952, vol. II p. 891–952. O'Donnell, R. D. The "Qverolvs", Edited with an Introduction and Commentary, PhD diss., University of London, 1980.BibliographyLassandro, D. and Romano, E. ‘Rassegna bibliografica degli Studi sul Querolus’, Bolletino di Studi Latini 21, 1991, 26–51.StudiesCavallin, S. ‘Bemerkungen zu Querolus’ Eranos 49, 1951, 137–58. Küppers, J. ‘Zum “Querolus” (p. 17.7–22 R) und seiner Datierung’ Philologus 123, 1979, 303–323. Küppers, J., ‘Die spätantike Prosakomödie “Querolus sive Aulularia” und das Problem ihrer Vorlagen’, Philologus 133, 1989, 82–103. Notes External linksLe Querolus, comédie latine anonyme, L. Havet (ed.) in Bibliothèque de l'école des hautes études, 41° fascicule, Paris, P. Vieweg, Libraire-éditeur, 1880.Aulularia sive Querolus. Theodosiani aevi comoedia Rutilio dedicata'', Rudolfus Peiper (ed.), Lipsiae in aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1885. Ancient Roman plays

1821144

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanton%20%28UK%20Parliament%20constituency%29

Normanton (UK Parliament constituency)

Normanton was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Boundaries 1885–1918: 1918–1950: The Urban Districts of Altofts, Castleford, Featherstone, Methley, Normanton, and Whitwood. 1950–1983: The Urban Districts of Normanton, Rothwell, and Stanley, in the Rural District of Tadcaster the parishes of Great and Little Preston, and Swillington, and in the Rural District of Wakefield the parishes of Crofton, Sharlston, and Warmfield-cum-Heath. 1983–1997: The City of Wakefield wards of Normanton and Sharlston, Ossett, Stanley and Altofts, and Stanley and Wrenthorpe, and the City of Leeds ward of Rothwell. 1997–2010: The City of Wakefield wards of Horbury, Normanton and Sharlston, Ossett, Stanley and Altofts, and Stanley and Wrenthorpe. The West Yorkshire constituency includes the towns of Normanton and Ossett and several villages. The area has a tradition of being working-class, but it has now become almost entirely gentrified as nearby Leeds has expanded as a financial centre. Ossett is now actually the largest town in the area, due to its high growth in recent years. The constituency is nicknamed the banana constituency on account of its unusual shape. The village of Altofts, located just to the north of Normanton, was included in the constituency, despite being part of a Castleford ward, and due to move into a proposed "Pontefract and Castleford" seat. Boundary review Following their review of parliamentary representation in West Yorkshire, the Boundary Commission for England had created a Normanton and Pontefract constituency. In late May 2006, the Commission published a revised recommendation changing the name of this constituency to Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford. Local newspapers and the Labour Party opposed the initial change, but following a public consultation the Commission decided to create the seat conceding only a name change – from Pontefract and Castleford, to Normanton and Pontefract. This was extended to cover all three names. The wards of Wrenthorpe and Outwood West and Stanley and Outwood East – the most affluent parts of the constituency – were joined to the Conservative-leaning commuter town of Morley, which is in the Leeds district, as Morley and Outwood. Ossett and Horbury were moved to the Wakefield constituency. At the time local groups and newspapers protested that this represented a takeover of the Wakefield district by the Leeds district. An early concern of the Labour Party was that Morley and Outwood would be won by the Conservatives in 2010. Ed Balls held the seat for Labour by just 1,101 votes, and ultimately lost the seat at the 2015 general election to the Conservatives' Andrea Jenkyns. Members of Parliament The constituency elected only Labour MPs since 1905, the longest run (with Gower and Makerfield) of any UK constituency. From 1885 to 1906, it had returned Liberal-Labour MPs. Ed Balls, the former Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families, represented the seat from the 2005 general election until 2010 when it was abolished. Election results Elections in the 1880s Elections in the 1890s Elections in the 1900s Elections in the 1910s General Election 1914–15: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected; Lib-Lab: Frederick Hall Unionist: Elections in the 1920s Elections in the 1930s General Election 1939–40 Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected; Labour: Tom Smith Conservative: T.T. Heywood Elections in the 1940s Elections in the 1950s Elections in the 1960s Elections in the 1970s Elections in the 1980s Elections in the 1990s Elections in the 2000s See also Altofts Horbury Normanton Ossett Outwood Sharlston South Ossett Stanley Wrenthorpe Notes and references Sources The Independent Labour Party and the Yorkshire Miners: The Barnsley By-Election of 1897: details on the Liberal-Labour movement in the area in the late 19th century Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1885 Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 2010 Politics of Wakefield Parliamentary constituencies in Yorkshire and the Humber (historic) Normanton, West Yorkshire Ed Balls

7259653

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio%20Salamone

Antonio Salamone

Antonio Salamone (December 12, 1918 in San Giuseppe Jato – May 31, 1998 in São Paulo) was a member of the Sicilian Mafia and a member of the first Sicilian Mafia Commission. His nickname was “il furbo” – the shrewd one. Mafia heritage Salamone was born San Giuseppe Jato in the Province of Palermo. After his first wife died, Salamone married Girolama Greco, a sister of Salvatore Greco "l'ingegnere", a cousin of Salvatore Greco "Ciaschiteddu", the boss of the Ciaculli Mafia family and the first secretary of the Sicilian Mafia Commission. His connection with the powerful Greco Mafia clan raised his standing in the Mafia. After the Ciaculli massacre in 1963 he moved to São Paulo in Brazil, where he acquired citizenship in 1970. The illegal lottery operator (bicheiro) Castor de Andrade allegedly helped Salamone to settle in Brazil. Castor de Andrade gave him a cover job at Bangu Textiles, which he owned. Salamone became a naturalized Brazilian because of de Andrade’s influence. Running Pizza parlours in New York In 1965, Salamone moved to New York and got involved in running pizza parlours with a member of his San Giuseppe Jato Mafia family, Giuseppe Ganci, who had moved to the United States. He returned to Italy at the end of the 1960s. At the Trial of the 114 in 1968, Salamone was acquitted. In 1970, the Court of Palermo ordered a five-year internal exile in Sacile in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of north-east Italy. He was arrested again in 1971 for the second Trial of the 114, where he was acquitted in 1974. Disappeared? After his acquittal in 1974, Salamone had to return to Sacile but disappeared without leaving a trace. He was considered to be a victim of a lupara bianca – a mafia-style murder in which the victim's body is deliberately hidden. In fact Salamone had moved to São Paulo again where he became a building contractor. He kept ruling the San Giuseppe Jato Mafia family. His substitute was Bernardo Brusca (the father of Giovanni Brusca) who also represented Salamone in the Sicilian Mafia Commission. Salamone counted on the powerful support of Stefano Bontade to curb his lieutenant Brusca’s desire for power. Second Mafia war Salamone and Bontade wanted to kill Corleonesi-boss Totò Riina at a meeting of the Sicilian Mafia Commission during the escalating conflict with the established Mafia-bosses in Palermo. However, the Corleonesi acted first and killed Bontade in April 1981, an event that set off the Second Mafia War. In 1982 Salamone suddenly re-appeared again in public. He returned to Sacile, the town where he still had to serve the remainder of his internal exile. Salamone returned because he tried to avoid attempts by the Corleonesi of Totò Riina to use him to go after Tommaso Buscetta, considered to be one of the Corleonesi’s main enemies during the Second Mafia War. Salamone was a close friend of Buscetta and decided to give himself up to the police instead. Back in Italy For many years law enforcement had believed Salamone to be dead, but his name reappeared in 1982 during police investigations into heroin trafficking and money laundering with Michele Zaza and the Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan. Salamone was part of the Sicilian supply ring for the so-called Pizza Connection. One of the main organisers in the United States was Giuseppe Ganci, a member of Salamone’ s Mafia family. In the following years Salamone received arrest warrants for heroin trafficking and Mafia association. Sentenced to 22 years at the Maxi Trial in 1987, Salamone was sent home by the Supreme Court on the grounds of his “advanced age” and “grave state of health”, whereupon he promptly left the country to return to Brazil in 1989. Arrest in Brazil On April 16, 1993, Salamone was arrested in São Paulo. However, because of his Brazilian nationality and his advanced age, he was not extradited to Italy. In June 1996, Antimafia prosecutor Gian Carlo Caselli, travelled from Palermo to Brazil to interrogate Salamone on the links of former Italian prime minister Giulio Andreotti with the Mafia. Salamone refused to answer any of the questions. Salamone died of cancer on May 31, 1998, in São Paulo. Despite his involvement in 119 murders, Salamone was described as a frail, peaceable-looking old man during the Maxi Trial – he was “a mafioso with a human face” according to prosecutor Giuseppe Ayala. References Blumenthal, Ralph (1988). Last Days of the Sicilians, New York: Times Books Gambetta, Diego (1993). The Sicilian Mafia: The Business of Private Protection, Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press, Padovani, Marcelle & Giovanni Falcone (1992). Men of Honour: The Truth About the Mafia, HarperCollins, Shawcross, Tim & Martin Young (1987). Men Of Honour: The Confessions Of Tommaso Buscetta, Glasgow: Collins Sterling, Claire (1990). Octopus. How the long reach of the Sicilian Mafia controls the global narcotics trade, New York: Simon & Schuster, Stille, Alexander (1995). Excellent Cadavers. The Mafia and the Death of the First Italian Republic, New York: Vintage 1918 births 1998 deaths Naturalized citizens of Brazil People from San Giuseppe Jato Sicilian mafiosi Sicilian Mafia Commission Brazilian gangsters Gangsters from the Province of Palermo Italian emigrants to Brazil

74178129

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilian%20Lancaster%20%28artist%29

Lilian Lancaster (artist)

Lilian Adelaide Lancaster (5 October 1886 – 3 June 1973) was a British teacher and artist and a former pupil of Walter Sickert. Early life and education She was born in Chiswick in London in 1886, one of two daughters of Margaret, an Irish comedienne, and William James Lancaster, a theatrical manager. Her older sister, Theodora Margaret Sothern Lancaster (1885-1977) married the sculptor Edmund Thomas Wyatt Ware (1883-1960). Her aunt, after whom she was named, was the actress and humorous cartographer Lilian Lancaster. Primarily a figure and still-life painter, Lancaster studied at the Westminster School of Art and the Slade School of Fine Art (1906–10) where her teachers included Henry Tonks and Frederick Brown. She was a student at the Royal Academy Schools (1910–14) where she studied under Walter Sickert. Her son, the architect Stephen Gardiner later recalled that his mother was Sickert's favourite pupil, and that he gifted her one of his paintings, Reverie, a half-length nude on a bed, painted during his Camden Town period. She was influenced by the French Impressionists, with Renoir being a particular influence on her own work, and by the works of Vincent van Gogh. Career Lilian Lancaster taught at Brighton School of Art and Eastbourne College of Art from 1916 to 1921. From 1911 to 1939 she exhibited her paintings in London, including at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition and at the New English Art Club, of which she was a member. Her paintings received excellent reviews in contemporary newspapers and art periodicals. In 1912, when she was exhibiting at the Doré Gallery at the beginning of her artistic career, Anthony Ludovici wrote of her work: ... Wonderfully able as "A Blonde" (No. 12) undoubtedly is, sound and faithful as are "Moi-meme" (NO. 15), "Barbara in Yellow" (No. z), "The Japanese Screen" (No. 16) and "Gold and Blue" (No 7), I have the feeling that in all these pictures Miss Lancaster is exhibiting more virtuosity than taste, more good schooling - than discrimination. And I say this in no carping spirit; for let me remind the artist that her earnestness both captivated and infected me, and I am doing my utmost to give her an earnest criticism. It is when you turn from "Embroidress" (No. 10) to a "Painting from the Antique" (No. 13) – a telltale juxtaposition, by-the-bye!– that you realise on the one hand wherein Miss Lancaster is incomplete, subservient and still diffident, and on the other wherein she is mistress, unhesitating and brilliant. No. 10 is a disorderly jumble, pretentious in its composition, deceptive through its complexity, and almost pre-Raphaelite in its humble prostration before insiignificant and disturbing detail. No. 14, on the contrary, is orderly, it is modest, tasteful and straightforward ; but then half its beauty is borrowed beauty, almost all its charm comes from the inspired mastery of the ancient sculptor. Nevertheless, the borrowed beauty is splendidly rendered.Ludovici, Anthony. The New Age, 12 December 1912 Her work can be found in various private and public collections, including the Manchester Art Gallery and the Grundy Art Gallery in Blackpool. Personal life In 1920 she married the artist Clive Gardiner With him she had two sons, the academic philosopher Patrick Gardiner and the writer and architect Stephen Gardiner. In 1960, after the death of her husband, she moved to the Dower House in Wytham in Oxfordshire. Lilian Adelaide Gardiner died in 1973. References 1886 births 1973 deaths People from Chiswick 20th-century English painters 20th-century English women artists Alumni of the Slade School of Fine Art English women painters

1040475

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehrenfeucht%E2%80%93Fra%C3%AFss%C3%A9%20game

Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game

In the mathematical discipline of model theory, the Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game (also called back-and-forth games) is a technique based on game semantics for determining whether two structures are elementarily equivalent. The main application of Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé games is in proving the inexpressibility of certain properties in first-order logic. Indeed, Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé games provide a complete methodology for proving inexpressibility results for first-order logic. In this role, these games are of particular importance in finite model theory and its applications in computer science (specifically computer aided verification and database theory), since Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé games are one of the few techniques from model theory that remain valid in the context of finite models. Other widely used techniques for proving inexpressibility results, such as the compactness theorem, do not work in finite models. Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé-like games can also be defined for other logics, such as fixpoint logics and pebble games for finite variable logics; extensions are powerful enough to characterise definability in existential second-order logic. Main idea The main idea behind the game is that we have two structures, and two players – Spoiler and Duplicator. Duplicator wants to show that the two structures are elementarily equivalent (satisfy the same first-order sentences), whereas Spoiler wants to show that they are different. The game is played in rounds. A round proceeds as follows: Spoiler chooses any element from one of the structures, and Duplicator chooses an element from the other structure. In simplified terms, the Duplicator's task is to always pick an element "similar" to the one that the Spoiler has chosen, whereas the Spoiler's task is to choose an element for which no "similar" element exists in the other structure. Duplicator wins if there exists an isomorphism between the eventual substructures chosen from the two different structures; otherwise, Spoiler wins. The game lasts for a fixed number of steps (which is an ordinal – usually a finite number or ). Definition Suppose that we are given two structures and , each with no function symbols and the same set of relation symbols, and a fixed natural number n. We can then define the Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game to be a game between two players, Spoiler and Duplicator, played as follows: The first player, Spoiler, picks either a member of or a member of . If Spoiler picked a member of , Duplicator picks a member of ; otherwise, Duplicator picks a member of . Spoiler picks either a member of or a member of . Duplicator picks an element or in the model from which Spoiler did not pick. Spoiler and Duplicator continue to pick members of and for more steps. At the conclusion of the game, we have chosen distinct elements of and of . We therefore have two structures on the set , one induced from via the map sending to , and the other induced from via the map sending to . Duplicator wins if these structures are the same; Spoiler wins if they are not. For each n we define a relation if Duplicator wins the n-move game . These are all equivalence relations on the class of structures with the given relation symbols. The intersection of all these relations is again an equivalence relation . Equivalence and inexpressibility It is easy to prove that if Duplicator wins this game for all finite n, that is, , then and are elementarily equivalent. If the set of relation symbols being considered is finite, the converse is also true. If a property is true of but not true of , but and can be shown equivalent by providing a winning strategy for Duplicator, then this shows that is inexpressible in the logic captured by this game. History The back-and-forth method used in the Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game to verify elementary equivalence was given by Roland Fraïssé in his thesis; it was formulated as a game by Andrzej Ehrenfeucht. The names Spoiler and Duplicator are due to Joel Spencer. Other usual names are Eloise [sic] and Abelard (and often denoted by and ) after Heloise and Abelard, a naming scheme introduced by Wilfrid Hodges in his book Model Theory, or alternatively Eve and Adam. Further reading Chapter 1 of Poizat's model theory text contains an introduction to the Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game, and so do Chapters 6, 7, and 13 of Rosenstein's book on linear orders. A simple example of the Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game is given in one of Ivars Peterson's MathTrek columns. Phokion Kolaitis' slides and Neil Immerman's book chapter on Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé games discuss applications in computer science, the methodology for proving inexpressibility results, and several simple inexpressibility proofs using this methodology. Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé games are the basis for the operation of derivative on modeloids. Modeloids are certain equivalence relations and the derivative provides for a generalization of standard model theory. References External links Six Lectures on Ehrenfeucht-Fraïssé games at MATH EXPLORERS' CLUB, Cornell Department of Mathematics. Modeloids I, Miroslav Benda, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 250 (Jun 1979), pp. 47 – 90 (44 pages) Model theory

5040415

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gathang%20language

Gathang language

The Gathang language, also spelt Gadjang, Kattang, Kutthung, Gadhang, Gadang and previously known as Worimi language (also spelt Warrimay), is an Australian Aboriginal language or group of dialects. The three known dialects are Birrbay, Guringay, and Warrimay, which are used by the Worimi, Guringay, and Birrbay peoples. It became dormant during the latter half of the 20th century, but has been revived during the 21st century. History and status After the colonisation of Australia, many of the hundreds of Aboriginal languages fell into disuse. The Worimi people comprised 18 clan groups (ngurras), all of whom spoke Gathang. The four ngurras of the Port Stephens area moved to the settlement at Carrington to work at the Australian Agricultural Company, and over the years lost their language and culture as they learnt European ways. Many Worimi people were forced into missions and reserves. In 1887: E.M. Curr published the first word list of the Gathang language, which had been compiled by John Branch, and in 1900, W.J. Enright published a description and word list. In 1929, American linguist Gerhardt Laves worked with Gathang speakers Charlie Briggs, Bill Dungie, Charlie Bugg, Jim Moy, Albert Lobban, Hannah Bugg, Susan Russell, Ted Lobban, and Mrs Russell. During the 1960s, Swedish linguist Nils Holmer made recordings of two Worimi elders, Eddie Lobban and Fred Bugg, and compiled a grammar of the Gathang language. For many years the language appeared to be extinct, but revitalisation has been under way in the 21st century. In 2010, A Grammar and Dictionary of Gathang: The Language of the Birrbay, Guringay and Warrimay, by Amanda Lissarrague, was published, and the Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative started running classes in Taree, Forster, and Port Macquarie. The number of speakers soon grew, and classes were introduced at TAFEs, schools, and within family groups. As of 2014, there were 40 recorded speakers of the language, and by 2018-2019 there were more than a thousand, after work had been done on reviving the language. Today, books, songs, dance, storytelling, and language workshops are all used to help revive and preserve the language, and it is being studied at PhD level. Classification Gathang is closely related to Awabakal, in the Yuin–Kuric group of Pama–Nyungan. Gathang is the language name covering three dialects: Birrbay, Guringay, and Warrimay. Phonology The phonology of the language was recorded by Enright. The description that follows was extracted from the updated phonology by Amanda Lissarague (2010). Vowels There is also the diphthong "ay", pronounced [aj]. Consonants Within the orthography, both voiceless and voiced stops are written, words begin with voiced stops only and only voiced stops may occur in consonant clusters or suffixes. There is some inconsistency in the orthography to choice of stop intervocalically. The dictionary/grammar written by Lissarrague prescribes voiceless stops intervocalically, but this is violated many times such as in magu - axe. The phonemes /p/ and /b/ may contrast, such as gaparr - baby, boy, and gabarr - head. This is unclear. There is some evidence of a merger of the dental and palatal stops/nasals, with free variation existing in many words, such as djinggarr~dhinggarr - silver, grey. At the end of a word, a nasal may also be pronounced as its corresponding stop. (E.g. bakan~bakat - rock). Intervocalically, "b" may be pronounced as [v]. Words Some Gathang words are: Barrgan (boomerangs) Wamarr (woomeras Ganay (digging sticks) Garrigay (wild myrtle) Buwatja (food) Ngapuwi (freshwater) Duumala (creeks) Bami (rivers) Ganya (bark huts) Wirray (bush) There are many place names in New South Wales which have names ascribed to them in the Gathang language, including: Birubi ("Southern Cross" or "view of the Southern Cross") Tanilba ("place of white flowers") Mallabula ("swampland between two mountains") Karuah ("place of native plum tree") Pindimar ("place of black possums") Footnotes References Further reading External links Bibliography of Worimi people and language resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies The Kutthung, or Kattang, dialect Worimi languages Indigenous Australian languages in New South Wales

31873349

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin%20Butlin

Robin Butlin

Robin Alan Butlin (born 1938) is emeritus professor of geography, and visiting research fellow, based in the School of Geography at the University of Leeds. Robin was a professor of historical geography and started work at Leeds in 1998 as a visiting professor of geography after working as principal and professor of historical geography at the University College of Ripon and York St John in York. Academic Posts 2003 to present Emeritus professor of geography, and visiting research fellow, School of Geography, University of Leeds 2000 to 2003 Professor of historical geography (part-time), School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K. 1998 to 2000 Visiting professor of geography, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K. 1998 to 1999 Associate lecturer, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. 1995 to 1998 Principal and professor of historical geography, University College of Ripon and York St John, York, U.K. 1986 to 1987 Visiting professorial fellow and Leverhulme research fellow, Wolfson College, Cambridge, U.K. 1983 to 1986 Dean, School (Faculty) of Human and Environmental Studies, Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough, U.K. 1979 to 1995 Professor of geography, Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough, U.K. 1971 to 1979 Lecturer in geography, Queen Mary College, University of London (Senior lecturer from 1975, reader in historical geography from 1977), London, U.K. 1970 (Summer School) Visiting associate professor, Department of Geography, Hayward State University, California, U.S.A. 1969 to 1970 Visiting associate professor of geography, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.A. 1965 (One term) Visiting associate professor, Department of Geography, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, U.S.A. 1962 to 1971 Lecturer in geography, University College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 1961 to 1962 Demonstrator in geography, University College of North Staffordshire, Keele, U.K. Qualifications and education 1987 D.Litt. conferred by Loughborough University, for published work in Historical Geography, submitted under the title Studies in Historical Geography. 1959 to 1961 M.A. (by research), Geography, University of Liverpool. Thesis on The Evolution of the Agrarian Landscape of Northumberland, 1500-1900. 1956 to 1959 B.A. (Upper Second Class Honours), Geography, University of Liverpool. Jointly Awarded P.M. Roxby Memorial Prize for best student dissertation, on the Historical Geography of the Brue Valley of Central Somerset. Membership of learned societies Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers Association of American Geographers Royal Scottish Geographical Society Geographical Society of Ireland British Economic History Society British Agricultural History Society Palestine Exploration Fund Geographical Association European Conference for the Study of Rural Landscape Awards and Appointments 2004 Appointed O.B.E. 'for services to geography'. 2002 Chair, Yorkshire regional committee of the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers 1999 Awarded Victoria Medal by the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers, for contributions to historical geography 1995-98 Vice-President, Research and Higher Education Division, Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers External links Robin Butlin's School of Geography University of Leeds Web Page References Living people Academics of the University of Leeds Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society Officers of the Order of the British Empire Alumni of Loughborough University 1938 births British historical geographers Victoria Medal recipients

22046907

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20forensics

Network forensics

Network forensics is a sub-branch of digital forensics relating to the monitoring and analysis of computer network traffic for the purposes of information gathering, legal evidence, or intrusion detection. Unlike other areas of digital forensics, network investigations deal with volatile and dynamic information. Network traffic is transmitted and then lost, so network forensics is often a pro-active investigation. Network forensics generally has two uses. The first, relating to security, involves monitoring a network for anomalous traffic and identifying intrusions. An attacker might be able to erase all log files on a compromised host; network-based evidence might therefore be the only evidence available for forensic analysis. The second form relates to law enforcement. In this case analysis of captured network traffic can include tasks such as reassembling transferred files, searching for keywords and parsing human communication such as emails or chat sessions. Two systems are commonly used to collect network data; a brute force "catch it as you can" and a more intelligent "stop look listen" method. Overview Network forensics is a comparatively new field of forensic science. The growing popularity of the Internet in homes means that computing has become network-centric and data is now available outside of disk-based digital evidence. Network forensics can be performed as a standalone investigation or alongside a computer forensics analysis (where it is often used to reveal links between digital devices or reconstruct how a crime was committed). Marcus Ranum is credited with defining Network forensics as "the capture, recording, and analysis of network events in order to discover the source of security attacks or other problem incidents". Compared to computer forensics, where evidence is usually preserved on disk, network data is more volatile and unpredictable. Investigators often only have material to examine if packet filters, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems were set up to anticipate breaches of security. Systems used to collect network data for forensics use usually come in two forms: "Catch-it-as-you-can" – This is where all packets passing through a certain traffic point are captured and written to storage with analysis being done subsequently in batch mode. This approach requires large amounts of storage. "Stop, look and listen" – This is where each packet is analyzed in a rudimentary way in memory and only certain information saved for future analysis. This approach requires a faster processor to keep up with incoming traffic. Types Ethernet Apt all data on this layer and allows the user to filter for different events. With these tools, website pages, email attachments, and other network traffic can be reconstructed only if they are transmitted or received unencrypted. An advantage of collecting this data is that it is directly connected to a host. If, for example the IP address or the MAC address of a host at a certain time is known, all data sent to or from this IP or MAC address can be filtered. To establish the connection between IP and MAC address, it is useful to take a closer look at auxiliary network protocols. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) tables list the MAC addresses with the corresponding IP addresses. To collect data on this layer, the network interface card (NIC) of a host can be put into "promiscuous mode". In so doing, all traffic will be passed to the CPU, not only the traffic meant for the host. However, if an intruder or attacker is aware that his connection might be eavesdropped, he might use encryption to secure his connection. It is almost impossible nowadays to break encryption but the fact that a suspect's connection to another host is encrypted all the time might indicate that the other host is an accomplice of the suspect. TCP/IP On the network layer the Internet Protocol (IP) is responsible for directing the packets generated by TCP through the network (e.g., the Internet) by adding source and destination information which can be interpreted by routers all over the network. Cellular digital packet networks, like GPRS, use similar protocols like IP, so the methods described for IP work with them as well. For the correct routing, every intermediate router must have a routing table to know where to send the packet next. These routing tables are one of the best sources of information if investigating a digital crime and trying to track down an attacker. To do this, it is necessary to follow the packets of the attacker, reverse the sending route and find the computer the packet came from (i.e., the attacker). Encrypted Traffic Analytics Given the proliferation of TLS encryption on the internet, as of April 2021 it is estimated that half of all malware uses TLS to evade detection. Encrypted traffic analysis inspects traffic to identify encrypted traffic coming from malware and other threats by detecting suspicious combinations of TLS characteristics, usually to uncommon networks or servers. Another approach to encrypted traffic analysis uses a generated database of fingerprints, although these techniques have been criticized as being easily bypassed by hackers and inaccurate. The Internet The internet can be a rich source of digital evidence including web browsing, email, newsgroup, synchronous chat and peer-to-peer traffic. For example, web server logs can be used to show when (or if) a suspect accessed information related to criminal activity. Email accounts can often contain useful evidence; but email headers are easily faked and, so, network forensics may be used to prove the exact origin of incriminating material. Network forensics can also be used in order to find out who is using a particular computer by extracting user account information from the network traffic. Wireless forensics Wireless forensics is a sub-discipline of network forensics. The main goal of wireless forensics is to provide the methodology and tools required to collect and analyze (wireless) network traffic that can be presented as valid digital evidence in a court of law. The evidence collected can correspond to plain data or, with the broad usage of Voice-over-IP (VoIP) technologies, especially over wireless, can include voice conversations. Analysis of wireless network traffic is similar to that on wired networks, however there may be the added consideration of wireless security measures. References External links Overview of network forensic tools and datasets (2021) Forensics Wiki (2010) Computer networking Digital forensics

1905294

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One%20in%20a%20Million

One in a Million

One in a Million may refer to: Film One in a Million (1934 film), a film starring Dorothy Wilson One in a Million (1936 film), a film starring Sonja Henie One in a Million: The Ron LeFlore Story, a 1978 television film One in a Million (1995 film), a Swedish film by Måns Herngren and Hannes Holm Music One in a Million (band), a 1960s Scottish psychedelic group featuring Jimmy McCulloch One in a Million, a 2001 DVD by L. Shankar and Gingger Albums One in a Million (Aaliyah album) or the title song (see below), 1996 One in a Million (Big Country album) or the title song, 2001 One in a Million (Bosson album) or the title song (see below), 2002 One in a Million (Matoma album) or the title song, 2018 Songs "One in a Million" (Aaliyah song), 1996 "One in a Million" (Bosson song), 2000 "One in a Million" (Drumsound & Bassline Smith song), 2013 "One in a Million" (Euphoria song), 1992 "One in a Million" (Guns N' Roses song), 1988 "One in a Million" (Johnny Lee song), 1980 "One in a Million" (Ne-Yo song), 2010 "One in a Million" (Pete Rock & CL Smooth song), 1993 "One in a Million" (Pink Floyd song), 1967 "One in a Million" (Sandy Mölling song), 2004, covered by Miley Cyrus (2007, as Hannah Montana) "One in a Million" (Trixter song), 1991 "One in a Million", by Backstreet Boys from Unbreakable, 2007 "One in a Million", by Bebe Rexha featuring David Guetta, 2023 "One in a Million", by Bodyjar from Plastic Skies, 2002 "One in a Million", by Chris Wood and Hugh Lupton "One in a Million", by Christine McVie from Christine McVie, 1984 "One in a Million", by Down with Webster, 2013 "One in a Million", by Gotthard from Human Zoo, 2003 "One in a Million", by Hilary Duff from Breathe In. Breathe Out., 2015 "One in a Million", by Ken-Y of R.K.M & Ken-Y, 2009 "One in a 1,000,000", by Lene Lovich from Stateless, 1978 "One in a Million", by Level 42 from Forever Now, 1994 "One in a Million", by Matt Brouwer from Till the Sunrise, 2012 "One in a Million", by the Mighty Lemon Drops from Laughter, 1989 "One in a Million", by Modern Talking from The 1st Album, 1985 "One in a Million", by Monty Are I, 2009 "One in a Million", by Nerve, featuring JK-47, 2021 "One in a Million", by Pet Shop Boys from Very, 1993 "One in a Million", by the Platters, 1956 "One in a Million", by ReConnected, 2013 "One in a Million", by the Romantics from In Heat, 1983 "One in a Million", by Swiss from the soundtrack of StreetDance 3D "One in a Million", by Tomohisa Yamashita, 2010 "One in a Million", by Twice from Twicecoaster: Lane 1, 2016 Television One in a Million (American TV series), a 1980 sitcom starring Shirley Hemphill One in a Million (Malaysian TV series), a 2006–2009 singing competition show One in a Million, a 1967 American game show produced by Merv Griffin Enterprises "One in a Million", an episode of The Proud Family One in a Million, a 2008 DVD release of Hannah Montana episodes One in a Million, an ITV series about real-life unlikely coincidences, presented by Philip Schofield Other uses One in a Million: A Memoir'', a 2001 autobiography by Mary G. Clark One in a Million (horse) (1976–1992), a British Thoroughbred racehorse See also "A Million to One", a 1960 song by Jimmy Charles "One in a Million You", a 1980 song by Larry Graham

1486398

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airtight%20Garage

Airtight Garage

The Airtight Garage ( or, in its earliest serialized form, ) is a lengthy comic strip work by the artist and writer Moebius (real name Jean Giraud). It first appeared in discrete two-to-four-page episodes, in issues 6 through 41 of the Franco-Belgian comics magazine Métal Hurlant from 1976 to 1979, and later in the American version of the same magazine, Heavy Metal, starting in 1977. It was subsequently collected as a graphic novel in various editions. Publication history The book-length version appeared first in the original French and with the original black and white art, and only later in a US edition in English and in color. The US edition, published by Marvel Comics' Epic imprint in 1987 (as the third volume in a series devoted to the collected works of Moebius), used a new translation, by Jean-Marc Lofficier and Randy Lofficier, different from the Heavy Metal serialisation, and presented the work with the pages colored. This version, along with most of the other Epic volumes collecting Moebius's work, was later reprinted in a signed & numbered limited edition hardcover series from Graphitti Designs. It was also published in the UK as a graphic novel by Titan Books in 1989, in advance of a Sony film adaptation that was never made. It was also reprinted in 1992 in the smaller, standard comic-book format, as a four-issue limited series that included several new pages drawn especially for that edition. In the twenty years since then, no English-language edition has been published. In France, however, as of 2012, the French version (Le Garage Hermétique) is available in both the original black-and-white "classique" edition and in a "Moebius U.S.A." format that combines the color art from the US editions with the original French text. Various deluxe editions featuring larger pages and/or a slipcase have also been offered, indicating the book's continued popularity and centrality in the Moebius canon. Sequels and related works The Airtight Garage was followed by L'Homme du Ciguri (The Man from the Ciguri) in 1995 and Le Chasseur Déprime in 2008. The latter has never appeared in English. Some of the characters from these stories also show up in the 1974 comic Le Bandard Fou (The Horny Goof), which can be considered a prequel to The Airtight Garage. The hero of The Airtight Garage, Major Grubert, was also the subject of some shorter comic-strip stories, poster images, and paintings over the course of his creator's long career, and eventually became the central character in an entire sketchbook-as-graphic-novel entitled Le Major, published in a limited edition facsimile in 2011. Major Grubert and his lady companion Malvina also appear throughout the six-volume Inside Moebius series (2000–2008). Plot Moebius has explained that the story was improvised in a deliberately whimsical or capricious manner. For this reason, the story is at times (deliberately) confusing. The "garage" itself is actually an asteroid in the constellation Leo which houses a pocket universe. Major Grubert orbits the asteroid in his spaceship Ciguri, from which he oversees the development of the worlds contained within. Several entities, including Jerry Cornelius, seek to invade the garage. Critical responses The Airtight Garage is "generally regarded as Moebius’ masterpiece" according to journalist and critic Chris Mautner, who ranked it first on a list of "essential Moebius works" shortly after the author's death in March 2012. In Mautner's view, "Garage pulsates with life, slowly unwinding its various plot strands, and delighting you in the various ways those strands connect, or fail to". Writer Sean Witzke has called it "the perfect comic" and "the only comic I have ever read that feels alive. It digresses against itself, doubles back, thinks, laughs, pauses, lurches, and eventually gracefully dances. This comic breathes". Matthias Wivel, writing in The Comics Journal in December 2009, wrote: "The Garage is a map of creation. It goes beyond world-building to explore the creative act itself. . . . By virtue of Moebius’ visual inventiveness and attention to detail, the Garage becomes a journey through [an] inner space . . . traveling at the speed of the reader's discovery". Wivel also noted that "the fantasy world of the Garage accommodated any idea [Moebius] could come up with and any representational style – from exquisite illustrative rendering to big-foot cartooning". Critical opinion is divided, however, as to the virtues of the color version compared to the original black and white art. Wivel, for example, has referred to the 1987 American edition as "garishly colored" whereas Witzke feels "the colors can't be undersold . . . they are transformative to the work, and all you need to do is look at the sun setting over two pages, which is so good it's kind of an insult to call it stunning". Among Moebius admirers there seems to be no consensus on this matter, and some readers like both versions. Ian MacEwan, the creator of a popular Tumblr site dedicated to Moebius, has called himself "a huge fan of the coloring . . . I like it at least as much as the original b&w, purist in me be damned". Trademark dispute The Jerry Cornelius character was originally invented by Michael Moorcock who at one point gave permission for him to be used by any artist or writer who wished to. There was later some dispute over the character, and the right of use was revoked. When Marvel Comics reprinted the series, the name Jerry Cornelius was changed to "Lewis Carnelian". In 2006, on his website, Moorcock himself wrote: Legacy The Airtight Garage was also the name of a bar and videogame parlor in the Metreon in San Francisco, featuring unique original games developed for the venue. The name and architectural styling was no coincidence, and Moebius souvenirs could be purchased there. The arcade was later renamed Portal One, and the original games were phased out in favour of more familiar ones (although the decor was still Moebius-inspired). It closed permanently on 13 May 2007. It reopened briefly under the name Tilt with the same decor, but otherwise as a traditional arcade. Tilt is now closed, and the entire second floor of the building has become a City Target concept store. References French comic strips 1976 comics debuts 1979 comics endings Science fiction comics Michael Moorcock's Multiverse Epic Comics titles Comics by Jean Giraud

10776445

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline%20Murray

Pauline Murray

Pauline Murray (born 8 March 1958) is best known as the lead vocalist of the punk rock band Penetration, originally formed in 1976. Early years Pauline Murray was born on 8 March 1958 in Waterhouses, County Durham, England, and her parents later moved to Ferryhill. She left school at age sixteen, studied art at Darlington College and then worked at odd jobs. In May 1976 the 18-year-old Murray saw the Sex Pistols perform, and she and her Ferryhill comrades became Pistols devotees, earning for themselves the title of "Durham Contingent" (coined by the NME). Penetration In late 1976, Murray formed a band with friends Robert Blamire and Gary Smallman and named it after the Stooges' song "Penetration" from Raw Power (1973). They played their first gig in October 1976 at the Middlesbrough Rock Garden, and played their first gig in London at The Roxy in January 1977, supporting Gen X. The band debuted on vinyl with the single "Don't Dictate", issued by Virgin Records in November of the same year. The band went on to release two studio albums, Moving Targets (1978) and Coming Up for Air (1979), as well as an official bootleg, Race Against Time (1980). Later there would be a Best of Penetration compilation album. After a measure of success during 1978/79, including a headline show at the Rainbow Theatre and a five-week American tour, they announced a split in October 1979. Penetration played a number of gigs around London in 2001–2002, leading to a band reunion. In 2015 the band announced they would release Resolution, a new studio album. Solo work In 1980 Murray worked on her first solo studio album with record producer Martin Hannett's band the Invisible Girls, which also included ex-Penetration member and co-writer Robert Blamire, as well as guesting Manchester musicians such as Vini Reilly, guitarist in the Durutti Column, and Steve Hopkins. John Maher from Buzzcocks also drummed for the band. The resulting album, Pauline Murray and The Invisible Girls, reached Number 25 on the UK Albums Chart in October 1980 and spawned the singles "Dream Sequence" and "Mr. X". The album was well received by critics. A reviewer for Melody Maker called it, "Unquestionably a musical highpoint of this year or any other. An exciting new area of electronic pop where Motown meets the modern world." Murray also provided lead vocals for the Only Ones on their song "Fools" and backing vocals on "Me and My Shadow". In the early 1980s, Murray formed the band Pauline Murray and the Storm, with Robert Blamire (bass), Tim Johnston (drums) and Paul Harvey (guitar), releasing the singles "Holocaust" in 1984, a cover of Alex Chilton/Big Star and the self-penned "New Age" in 1986. In 1989 Murray released the EP This Thing Called Love and the studio album Storm Clouds under her own name. In 2011 Murray established Polestar Studios with Robert Blamire in Byker where bands can rent out rehearsal and recording space. In 2013 she booked a number of solo acoustic dates around the North East in the UK. She said about the gigs, "This is the first time in my career that I’ve done a full solo set with just me and my guitar." During the tour, she played a number of older songs from her career and also played a number of new songs she had recently written. On 25 September 2021 Murray released a new solo studio album Elemental, the 10 tracks of which had been recorded in 2016. Personal life Murray was married to Peter Lloyd, Penetration's road manager, but split with her husband after the release of Searching for Heaven in 1980. She and Robert Blamire then became a couple and moved together to Liverpool. She currently resides in Newcastle upon Tyne. Murray has two children. Discography All UK releases except as noted. Pauline Murray and the Invisible Girls Dream Sequences (7", Illusive IVE-1, 11 July 1980) Dream Sequence I / Dream Sequence II also on 10" IVEX-1 Pauline Murray and The Invisible Girls (LP, Illusive/RSO, 2394 277, 3 October 1980) Screaming in the Darkness (3:36) / Dream Sequence 1 (3:19) / European Eyes (3:20) / Shoot You Down (2:07) / Sympathy (2:47) / Time Slipping (4:04) // Drummer Boy (3:03) / Thundertunes (3:23) / When Will We Learn (3:35) / / Mr. X (4:27) / Judgement Day (4:25) 1993 CD extra tracks: The Visitor (3:44) / Animal Crazy (3:16) / Searching For Heaven (2:59) Mr X (3:27) / Two Shots (4:03) (7", Illusive IVE-2, 24 October 1980) Searching for Heaven / Animal Crazy (7", Illusive IVE-3, April 1981) Searching for Heaven // Animal Crazy / The Visitor (10", Illusive IVEX-3, 1981) Pauline Murray and the Storm New Age (3:42) / Body Music (2:54) (7", Polestar PSTR-003, November 1986) New Age (5:35) // Archangel (4:17) / Body Music (2:54) (12", Polestar PSTR-12-003, November 1986) Pauline Murray and the Saint Hong Kong (12", Polestar PSTR-12-002, February 1987) Close Watch / All I Want // Body Music / Holocaust Pauline Murray Holocaust (2:20) / Don't Give Up (3:56) (7", Polestar PSTR-001, November 1984) Holocaust // Don't Give Up / Aversion (12", Polestar PSTR-12-001, November 1984) This Thing Called Love // Mr Money / Pressure Zone (12", Cat & Mouse Records ABBO-9T, May 1989) Storm Clouds (LP, Cat And Mouse ABB-10, 1989) This Thing Called Love (3:34) / Holocaust (2:19) / Soul Power (3:10) / No One Like You (2:57) / Another World (3:03) / Don't Give Up (4:58) // Pressure Zone (4:23) / Close Watch (3:07) / Everybody's Talking (3:06) / New Age (3:51) / Time (4:52) Halloween 2000 (CD, Polestar PSTR-CD-002, 2000) Stand for the Fire Demon (5:47) / Night of the Vampire (4:58) / Creature with the Atom Brain (4:25) Elemental (LP, Polestar Records) 25 September 2021 References External links Murray's biography on Penetration's official website 1958 births Living people English women singers People from Durham, England English punk rock singers Women punk rock singers Women in punk Musicians from County Durham

4113091

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight%27s%20Speech

Dwight's Speech

"Dwight's Speech" is the seventeenth episode of the second season of the American comedy television series The Office and the show's twenty-third episode overall. Written by Paul Lieberstein and directed by Charles McDougall, the episode first aired in the United States on March 2, 2006 on NBC. The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company. In the episode, Michael Scott (Steve Carell) helps Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) with an important speech that he is going to give. Meanwhile, Jim Halpert (John Krasinski) plans a vacation to avoid Pam Beesly's (Jenna Fischer) wedding. The speech scene employed over 500 extras, an unusual occurrence for the series. Much of Dwight's speech is based upon real speeches by Italian fascist dictator Benito Mussolini. The episode received largely positive reviews from television critics. In its original broadcast, "Dwight's Speech" earned a Nielsen rating of 4.4 in the 18–49 demographic, being viewed by 8.4 million viewers. Plot Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) is named Northeastern Pennsylvania Salesman of the Year and must make a speech at an association meeting at the Radisson Lackawanna Station Hotel, getting some assistance from Michael Scott (Steve Carell). Before he leaves, Jim Halpert (John Krasinski), in retaliation for Dwight's cocky attitude, gives him tips on how to give public speeches. Unknown to Dwight, Jim's tips are taken from speeches by infamous dictators, such as Italian fascist leader Benito Mussolini. When Michael and Dwight make it to the convention, Dwight gets cold feet and Michael goes up and tries to relive his glory days of winning Salesman of the Year two years in a row, but ends up embarrassing himself on the stage. Dwight finally works up the nerve to give his speech and, by using Jim's advice, wins over the crowd with a passionate yet unorthodox speech. Michael ends up leaving the convention room and later entertains Dwight with his tales at the bar. Meanwhile, back in the office, Pam Beesly (Jenna Fischer) begins to write invitations for her approaching wedding with help from Ryan Howard (B. J. Novak) and Kelly Kapoor (Mindy Kaling). Kelly talks about her dreams of getting married someday and is visibly hurt when Ryan responds to her flirtatious question about future weddings by saying he doesn't think he'll ever tie the knot; when Kelly leaves the room, Pam advises Ryan to be considerate of Kelly's feelings, but Ryan curtly notes "I know what I said." Jim makes plans for a vacation anywhere away from Scranton, and while that happens, the other employees subtly duel over the thermostat. At the end of the episode, Jim tells Pam that he will be going to Australia and, unfortunately, he will be missing her wedding as a result. Production "Dwight's Speech" was directed by Charles McDougall, making it his second directing credit after the earlier second season episode "Christmas Party". "Dwight's Speech" was written by Paul Lieberstein, who plays human resources director Toby Flenderson. Lieberstein later revealed that Jim never went on his trip to Australia, noting "The whole Pam thing took him by surprise, he transferred and then wasn’t really up for vacation. Unless, of course, we find a good joke in his vacation." During the earlier scenes when Dwight is in Michael's office, Pam can be seen in the background talking to Meredith. According to actress Jenna Fischer, she and Kate Flannery stayed in character and acted out mundane talking scenes. Although they were not recorded, the dialogue was very detailed. In a guest post written for TV Guide, Fischer described several of the conversations, which ranged from Pam and Meredith discussing "the problems with the new quality-assurance computer-input program", that the computers don't "accept both alpha and numeric characters", "backlog [of] receipts dating to 2001", and that Dunder Mifflin "changed to all-numeric product codes in 2004 and the computer system does not allow for the earlier records." The speech scene employed over 500 extras, which was unusual for The Office, and was hectic for the crew to organize. The Season Two DVD contains a number of deleted scenes from this episode. Notable cut scenes include Dwight coming to work wearing sunglasses, Michael criticizing Dwight's speaking skills, Dwight trying to tell another joke to the office, Ryan bringing the wrong type of stamps for Pam's wedding invitations, and an extended scene of Michael's unfunny and very awkward speech. Cultural references In order to practice his public speaking skills, Dwight tries to convince the office that Brad Pitt was in a car accident. Kelly Kapoor (Mindy Kaling) then states that it "is karma because of what he did to Jennifer Aniston." During the meeting in the break room Dwight references Good Morning, Vietnam. Michael later references the movie at the actual convention when he is filling time for Dwight. When Jim asks the office where he should go for vacation, Kevin tells him he should go to Hedonism Resorts, describing it as "Club Med, only everything is naked." Toby tells him he should go to Amsterdam, while Creed informs him that he should go to Hong Kong. Dwight later reveals that, given the chance, he would go to New Zealand to "walk the Lord of the Rings trail to Mordor and I will hike Mount Doom." Much of Dwight's speech is drawn from a variety of sources, including the following: Reception "Dwight's Speech" originally aired on NBC on March 2, 2006. The episode received a 4.4 rating/10 percent share among adults between the ages of 18 and 49. This means that it was seen by 4.4 percent of all 18- to 49-year-olds, and 10 percent of all 18- to 49-year-olds watching television at the time of the broadcast. The episode was viewed by 8.4 million viewers, and retained 88 percent of its lead-in My Name Is Earl audience. An encore presentation of the episode on August 15 received a 1.9 rating/6 percent share and was viewed by over 4.6 million viewers and retained 100 percent of its lead-in audience. "Dwight's Speech" received mostly positive reviews. Michael Sciannamea of TV Squad wrote that he wonders if the Jim-Pam relationship "will reach some sort of resolution or become a season-ending cliffhanger". Sciannamea also noted that "you know you're living in a Bizarro World when Dwight wins Dunder Mifflin's salesman of the year award." M. Giant of Television Without Pity graded the episode with an "A–." Francis Rizzo III of DVD Talk felt that Dwight's enlarged role was great, but noted that the episode was not as funny as his "strange behavior" in "The Injury." Betsy Bozdech of DVD Journal described "Dwight's Speech" as an instant classic. Not all reviews were so glowing. Brendan Babish of DVD Verdict felt that "Dwight's Speech" was "one of the few misfires" of the season, noting that it "certainly has laughs", but that "its humor is a bit too absurd compared to the show's usual riffs on office ennui". He ultimately gave the episode a "B−", but wrote that "Dwight's Speech" being the worst episode of the season was a "testament to the show's excellence." IGN ranked the scene with Dwight making his speech as its third-best moment in the first two seasons, and called Wilson's performance a "hilariously spot-on impersonation of Mussolini's crazed arm movements." In addition, Rolling Stone named the same scene the eighteenth-funniest scene in the first three seasons of The Office. References Footnotes Bibliography External links "Dwight's Speech" at NBC.com The Office (American season 2) episodes 2006 American television episodes

21689945

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheels%20of%20Terror

Wheels of Terror

Wheels of Terror (also known as Terror in Copper Valley) is a 1990 American made-for-television thriller film directed by Christopher Cain and starring Joanna Cassidy and Marcie Leeds. The film originally debuted on the USA Network in 1990. The plot concerns the unseen driver of a primer gray Dodge Charger, (consisting of mixed year's makes 1971, 1974) kidnapping, molesting, and sometimes murdering young girls around the fictional locale of Copper Valley, Arizona and a bus driver who chases the car, after it kidnaps her daughter played by Marcie Leeds. Marcie Leeds was nominated for a Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Cable Special. Plot On a desert highway in Arizona, a man and his daughter have broken down on the side of the road. After a truck does not stop to help them, they are then approached by a dirt-covered black 1974 Dodge Charger with a 400 V8. The driver of the Charger (who is never seen) then strikes the man, killing him, before backing up and abducting the screaming girl. Later, the girl is seen walking down the deserted highway, with signs of being assaulted. She is then spotted by two highway patrol officers, who put her in the back of their police car and take her to the hospital. Meanwhile, in the nearby town of Copper Valley, Laura (Cassidy) is a newly hired bus driver who has moved from Los Angeles, California in hopes of the small town being a better place to raise her daughter, Stephanie (Leeds). One day, she encounters the black Charger as she is taking kids home from school on a 1982 Chevrolet G30 Wayne Busette. Shortly afterwards, the driver follows a young girl home and abducts her. The girl is sexually assaulted, but is later found alive, although clearly traumatized by what has happened. As the driver of the car continuously stalks Laura, it soon abducts Stephanie's friend Kim who is later found dead, floating in a nearby lake. Laura visits the police station and talks with Detective Drummond (Snyder), who says that in spite of all of the searches, nobody claims to have seen the car or its driver. The night after Kim's funeral, the Charger reappears in front of Laura's house. As Laura tries to contact the detective, the driver continues to rev his engine and drive around the front of the house, but soon drives away into the night. The following day, Stephanie is waiting on her mother to pick her up from gymnastics practice, but Laura is delayed by a passing freight train. As Laura arrives, the Charger appears and abducts Stephanie in front of her, prompting her to give chase, with kids still on the bus. After pursuing the car through town and down dirt roads, Laura loses sight of the car and is pulled over by a motorcycle cop. While the officer is talking to Laura and calling for backup, the car reappears and rams the cop, killing him instantly. The driver then speeds away with Stephanie leaning out the window, crying for help. Laura resumes the chase after the car, despite the kids continuously pleading for her to slow down. Soon, the bus nearly drives off the edge of a cliff near a train bridge. As Laura tries to restart the bus and put it in reverse, the car appears behind the bus and rams it repeatedly, trying to send it over the edge, but Laura manages to start up the bus and back it away from the edge, making the chase resume once again. Laura chases the car to a construction site and lets the kids off, asking them to call the police at a nearby trailer. After a long hunt, the car appears and tries to run Laura down when she gets out of the bus, but she manages to climb aboard and continue the chase. As they rumble into a quarry, Laura rams the car repeatedly, but is unsuccessful at stopping it. Finally, after a lengthy chase around the quarry, Stephanie manages to climb out of the Charger and climb onto the bus to her mother. Laura then rams the Charger and sends it tumbling over the edge of a cliff. Laura and Stephanie are tearfully reunited, however, just when it seems that the whole ordeal is ending, the car unexpectedly reappears, with its roof visibly caved-in, and accelerates straight towards the bus. Laura manages to restart the bus and reverse out of the path of the speeding Charger, causing the car to fly off of a cliff and drop down the into the quarry. The car lands in a small storage building full of explosives, resulting in an explosion which incinerates the car and the driver. In the ending scene, Laura and Stephanie are seen boarding the school bus and driving off into the sunset. Cast Joanna Cassidy as Laura Marcie Leeds as Stephanie Carlos Cervantes as Luis Arlen Dean Snyder as Detective Drummond Henry Max Kendrick as Kellogg Reception Ken Tucker Entertainment Weekly suggested that audiences "will probably be too bored to be frightened." Home media Wheels of Terror was first released on VHS on February 28, 1991 by Paramount Video. On September 9, 2013, Up All Night Films released the film in a retro video format case. See also The Car References External links American road movies 1990s road movies 1990 television films 1990s English-language films American horror television films USA Network original films 1990 horror films Films set in Arizona American chase films 1990 films Films directed by Christopher Cain 1990s American films

69167465

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soonja%20Choi

Soonja Choi

Soonja Choi () is an Austria-based linguist from South Korea. She specializes in language acquisition, semantics, and the linguistics of Korean. Biography Choi initially studied French language and literature, receiving her BA at Sacred Heart Women's College in Seoul in 1972 and her MA at Seoul National University in 1976. After this she went to study in France, and received a master’s degree in applied linguistics from Paris-Sorbonne University (Paris IV) in 1980. Her PhD in linguistics was awarded in 1986 by SUNY Buffalo. After her doctoral studies, Choi spent some time as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Toronto in Canada, before being appointed assistant professor at San Diego State University in 1987. She remained at SDSU until her retirement, being promoted to associate professor in 1991 and full professor in 1997. In 2008 she founded the Korean Studies Program at SDSU, and she remains its director. Choi has retained links with Europe throughout her career. From 1988 to 1996 she was active as a visiting scholar at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen, The Netherlands, where she collaborated with Melissa Bowerman. Since 2012 she has also been Research Professor at the Comparative Psycholinguistics Group of the University of Vienna, Austria. In 2019 she was elected as a member of the Academia Europaea. Research Much of Choi’s research has been concerned with the first language acquisition of verbal semantics, especially motion events and spatial categories, and the relationship between language and cognition more broadly. A recurring theme, especially in work with Melissa Bowerman, has been the extent to which these domains provide evidence for or against the hypothesis of linguistic relativity. Her work has drawn on both naturalistic and experimental evidence, in particular building on comparative work on languages such as Korean, Dutch, English, French and German. Selected publications Gopnik, Alison, and Soonja Choi. 1990. Do linguistic differences lead to cognitive differences? A cross-linguistic study of semantic and cognitive development. First Language 10, 199-215. Choi, Soonja, and Melissa Bowerman. 1991. Learning to express motion events in English and Korean: The influence of language-specific lexicalization patterns. Cognition 41, 83-121. Choi, Soonja, and Alison Gopnik. 1995. Early acquisition of verbs in Korean: a cross-linguistic study. Journal of Child Language 22, 497-529. Gopnik, Alison, and Soonja Choi. 1995. Names, relational words, and cognitive development in English and Korean speakers: nouns are not always learned before verbs. In Michael Tomasello and William E. Merriman (eds.), Beyond Names for Things: Young Children's Acquisition of Verbs, 63-80. New York: Erlbaum. Choi, Soonja, Laraine McDonough, Melissa Bowerman, and Jean M. Mandler. 1999. Early sensitivity to language-specific spatial categories in English and Korean. Cognitive Development 14, 241-268. Bowerman, Melissa, and Soonja Choi. 2001. Shaping meanings for language: universal and language-specific in the acquisition of spatial semantic categories. In Melissa Bowerman and Stephen Levinson (eds.), Language acquisition and conceptual development, 475-511. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bowerman, Melissa, and Soonja Choi. 2003. Space under construction: Language-specific spatial categorization in first language acquisition. In Dedre Gentner and Susan Goldin-Meadow (eds.), Language in Mind: Advances in the Study of Language and Thought, 387-427. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. McDonough, Laraine, Soonja Choi, and Jean M. Mandler. 2003. Understanding spatial relations: Flexible infants, lexical adults. Cognitive Psychology 46, 229-259. References Living people Developmental psycholinguists Women linguists Syntacticians Koreanists University at Buffalo alumni Seoul National University alumni Paris-Sorbonne University alumni Year of birth missing (living people)

24736695

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizarro%20League

Bizarro League

The Bizarro League, also known as the Bizarro Justice League, are the Bizarro version of the Justice League. Fictional team history Bronze Age Bizarro stole Lex Luthor's imperfect Duplicator Ray to create a world of Bizarros. Some of these insane clones formed a Bizarro-version of the Justice League. This team enforced their twisted version of justice. The Bizarro World was destroyed in Crisis on Infinite Earths along with the Bizarro League. Emperor Joker When the Joker got 99% of Mister Mxyzptlk's power as part of the Emperor Joker storyline, he recreated the Bizarro League and the Bizarro World. When the imp got his powers back, he kept the new "Bizarro World". Escape from Bizarro World Bizarro gained "Bizarro Vision" (allowing him to make imperfect clones) under a blue sun. Bizarro planned to destroy the Bizarro World to be the reverse of Superman (because Superman would never destroy a planet). So the Bizarro-Lex Luthor led a revolt and unleashed the juggernaut Bizarro-Doomsday. The BL stopped the juggernaut by dropping a steel drum on him. However Bizarro ended up destroying the planet after all. Members Bizarro-Superman - he is Superman's clone and the team leader and creator. Bizarro-Batman - he is the world's worst detective and Batman's counterpart. Bizarro-Green Lantern - he is the Bizarro-Hal Jordan and a cowardly Sinestro Corps member. Bizarro-Hawkgirl - she can fly like her counterpart, but her wings seem to be part of her. Bizarro-Aquaman - he cannot swim. Bizarro-Green Arrow - he sets up his arrows backwards. Bizarra-Wonder Woman - she has reverse powers of her counterpart Wonder Woman and was formerly called the Bizarro-Wonder Woman. Bizarro-Flash - he was made out of the "speed force" making him super fast and intangible. Bizarro-Hawkman Bizarro-Cyborg Other versions DC Super Friends: In issue #18, there was a Bizarro team called the "Bizarro Super Friends" based on the Bizarro League. Members were Bizarra, Bizarro, Bizarro-Flash, Batzarro, Bizarro Green Lantern (this version was the reverse of John Stewart), and Bizarro Aquaman. All of them, except Bizarro Green Lantern (the reverse of John Stewart), were based on the Silver Age versions of the characters. They are based in a mobile home in space. In other media Television In The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians episode "The Bizarro Super Powers Team", Bizarro creates an unofficial Bizarro team that is homage to the Bizarro League by making Bizarro look-a-likes of Wonder Woman, Flash, and Cyborg. Film The Bizarro League appears in Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League vs. Bizarro League. Bizarro is brought to Bizarro World by Superman to keep him from causing trouble. When Darkseid invades the planet, Bizarro steals a duplicating ray from Lex Luthor and fires it at Batman, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern (Guy Gardner), and Cyborg, creating Batzarro, Bizarra, Greenzarro, and Cyzarro. Its properties were also shown to adversely affect Wonder Woman (who becomes powerless and constantly tripping up), Guy Garnder's power ring (limiting him to only make chickens), and Cyborg (who is falling apart). Video games The Bizarro League appears in Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham. In the "Bizarro League" DLC, the Bizarro League had to protect Bizarro World from Darkseid's forces. References External links Bizarro League at DC Comics Wiki Bizarro League (Earth-One version) at DC Comics Wiki Bizarro League at Comic Vine 1983 comics debuts Comics characters introduced in 1983 DC Comics demons DC Comics superhero teams Characters created by Cary Bates Justice League

6123898

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conifer%20Grove

Conifer Grove

Conifer Grove is an upper-middle class suburb of Auckland, in northern New Zealand. Located on the eastern shores of the Pahurehure Inlet, on the Manukau Harbour, under authority of the Auckland Council. The suburb makes up the western side of the Takanini urban area and is in the Manurewa-Papakura ward of Auckland City. The suburb is known for its tree-lined streets, bay views, and until 2018 its border with the Manukau Golf Course. It includes the recent Waiata Shores subdivision developed by Fletcher Living. History Conifer Grove was constructed around 1965-1970. Conifer Grove's modern area (including Keywella Drive, Aristoy Close and Chippewa Place) was previously a dairy farm owned by the Strevens family, which connected onto Great South Road and is now the Waiata Shores subdivision (previously Manukau Golf Course). The names Walter Strevens Drive and Walter Strevens reserve come from the name of the patriarch of that family at the time it was sold - Walter John Strevens. In 2017 the previous Manukau Golf Course was bought by Fletcher Living to allow construction of a new housing development named Waiata Shores. Fraser Thomas were commissioned to design the subdivision and to manage its construction. Fraser Thomas were awarded Certificates of Merit by both the Association of Consulting Engineers NZ and the New Zealand Institute of Surveyors. During the major reformation of local government in 1989, Conifer Grove was re-zoned and the area was included into the Papakura District boundaries. From October 2010, after a review of the Royal Commission on Auckland Governance, the entire Auckland Region was amalgamated into a single city authority. As well as the current Papakura District, other territorial authorities have been abolished and the entire area has been dissolved into a single Auckland city council. The suburb of Conifer Grove is now in the Manurewa-Papakura Ward of the Auckland Council. Demographics Conifer Grove West covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. Conifer Grove West had a population of 4,710 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 93 people (2.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 138 people (3.0%) since the 2006 census. There were 1,551 households, comprising 2,310 males and 2,400 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.96 males per female, with 960 people (20.4%) aged under 15 years, 942 (20.0%) aged 15 to 29, 2,160 (45.9%) aged 30 to 64, and 651 (13.8%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 63.4% European/Pākehā, 20.3% Māori, 13.3% Pacific peoples, 17.6% Asian, and 2.9% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas was 26.0, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 42.3% had no religion, 38.2% were Christian, 1.1% had Māori religious beliefs, 3.2% were Hindu, 1.4% were Muslim, 1.2% were Buddhist and 6.1% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 678 (18.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 675 (18.0%) people had no formal qualifications. 744 people (19.8%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 2,019 (53.8%) people were employed full-time, 456 (12.2%) were part-time, and 162 (4.3%) were unemployed. Facilities The older Conifer Grove precinct has a small shopping centre, however in the newly established Waiata Shores centre, it includes a Countdown supermarket and in the future will include more retail and office space. There are various parks/reserves such as Brylee Drive Reserve with two tennis courts and playground. This links to a board walk which goes around the waters/mangroves edge, which is enjoyed by many of the residents. This walk has been extended to connect the boardwalk through to Walter Strevens Drive reserve. Most of the streets are cul-de-sacs. Due to the suburbs design pattern, there was only one way in and out of the more recent area of Conifer Grove until 2021 when Brylee Drive was linked to Gosper Road of the adjacent Waiata Shores development. The Walter Strevens Drive roundabout also has a security camera which records vehicle movement in and out of the area. Education Conifer Grove School is a coeducational full primary school (years 1–8) with a roll of as of It is zoned primarily for Rosehill College. External links Auckland Council (Conifer Grove School Website) Photographs of Conifer Grove held in Auckland Libraries' heritage collections. References Suburbs of Auckland Populated places around the Manukau Harbour

25450414

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tina%20Romero

Tina Romero

Tina Romero (born Tina Romero Alcázar, August 14, 1949) is an American actress. A native of New York City, Romero moved to Mexico in her youth, and later established a career there as an actress. Her early film roles included The Divine Caste (1973) and the title character in the horror film Alucarda (1977). She has also appeared in American films, including Missing (1982), opposite Sissy Spacek and Jack Lemmon. Romero has also appeared in numerous Mexican television series, including numerous telenovelas, such as Rosalinda (1999), Mi pecado (2009), Quiero amarte (2014), Early life Romero was born on August 14, 1949, in New York City, the daughter of Mexican parents. She and her family relocated to Mexico in 1958 where she developed her skills in acting school. In 1976, at the age of 27, she made her debut as a protagonist in the movie Lo Mejor de Teresa. The same year she participated in the films Chin Chin el Teporocho and Las Poquianchis, directed by Felipe Cazals. Career In 1977, she starred in her first mexican telenovela Santa, and starred in the film Alucarda, directed by Juan Lopez Moctezuma with Claudio Brook, David Silva, considered a classic horror film. In 1979 she filmed Cuatro mujeres y un Hombre, Bandera Rota and My Horse Cantador, and also appeared in the telenovela Angel Guerra alongside Andrea Palma and Diana Bracho. Romero married in the 1980s to the Mexican film director Gabriel Retes, with whom she had two children. In the 1980s she filmed Estampas de Sor Juana and in 1982 makes her Hollywood debut in the film Missing starring Sissy Spacek. In 1983 Romero returned to Mexico and made film and television appearances as The Castaways of Liguria directed by her then husband Retes. In 1986 she starred in the film Miracles, and in 1988 returned to Hollywood to take part in Clif Ossmond's movie The Penitent. In México, she starred in the telenovelas La Casa al Final de la Calle and Simplemente María. In the 1990s and 2000s she participated in such notable telenovelas as; Cadenas de Amargura (1991), Muchachitas (1991), Alondra (1995), Rosalinda (1999, with Thalía), Abrázame muy fuerte (2000), and most recently Pasión (2007), Mi pecado (2009) and Una Maid en Manhattan (2011), among others. Filmography Film Television Dama y obrero (American telenovela) (2013)- Alfonsina Rosario (2013) - Griselda Amor Bravío (Valiant Love) (2012)- Rosalio Sanchez (Mother of Alonso) Una Maid en Manhattan (Maid In Manhattan) (2011-2012) - Carmen "La Nana" Llena de amor (Fill Me With Love) (2010) - Paula Mi pecado (Burden of Guilt) (2009) - Asuncion Verano de amor (Summer Of Love) (2009) - Pura Guerra El juramento (Secret Lies) (2008) - Silvia Pasión (Passion) (2007) - Criada Amarte así (Looking for Dad) (2005) - Evangelina Lizárraga El juego de la vida (The Game of Life) (2001) - Mercedes Pacheco Abrazame muy fuerte (Embrace Me) (2000) - Jacinta Rosalinda (1999) - Dolores Romero La mentira (Twisted Lies) (1998) - Irma Moguel La culpa (1996) - Lorena Alondra (1995) - Cecilia Buscando el paraíso (1994) - Elsa Mágica juventud (1992) Muchachitas (1991) - Verónica Cadenas de amargura (1991) - Martha Gastelum La hora marcada (episode "Por tu bien") - Carmen (1989) Simplemente María (1989) - Gabriela La Casa al Final de la Calle (1987) - Marina El Rincón de los Prodigios (1987) Aprendiendo a Vivir (1984) - Silvia Bella y Bestia (1979) Parecido al Amor(1979) Ángel Guerra (1979) - Dulcenombre Santa (1978) - Santa References External links Pagina de esmas.com Pagina de Alma-Latina.com 1949 births Living people Mexican telenovela actresses Mexican television actresses Mexican film actresses Actresses from New York City 20th-century Mexican actresses 21st-century Mexican actresses American actresses of Mexican descent American emigrants to Mexico

61751031

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindersvold

Lindersvold

Lindersvold is a former manor house and estate located just north of Præstø Fjord, Faxe Municipality, some fifty kilometres south of Copenhagen, Denmark. The estate was founded by Christoffer Lindenov and remained in the hands of the Lindenoc family for almost one hundred years. It was later owned by the Thott/Reedtz-Thott family between 1732 and 1923, from 1705 as part of the Barony of Gavnø. The current main building is from 1830. Lindersvold is now owned by Den selvejende institution Fælleseje and operated as a private primary school for children with special challenges under the name Heldagsskolen Lindersvold. History 1593–1672: Lindenov family Lindersvold was established by Christoffer Clausen Lindenov (died 1593) and his wife Sophie Hartvigsdatter Pless (died 1602) from land that had until then belonged to the villages of Akselhoved and Hyllingeskov. The estate is first mentioned in 1580. Christoffer Clausen Lindenov was already lensmand of Koldinghus and Hindsgavl and therefore spent little time on his estate at Faxe. It is unclear who owned the estate after Lindenov's death in 1593. Godske Lindenov, who was Admiral and Head of Bremerholm, acquired Lindersvold in 1606. He expanded the estate through the acquisition of more land, for instance the village of Axelhoved with eight farms and eight houses. Lindersvold was after his death passed first to his widow and then to his son. Christoffer Godskesen Lindenov succeeded his father as Head of Bremerholm with rank of Admiral in 1645. In 1657, he fell out of favour at the Court when he was strongly opposed to the war against Sweden. After being accused of embezzlement, in February 1757, he was fired and expelled from the court by Frederick III. In February 1658, during the Assault on Copenhagen, he was put in charge of the defence of Christianshavn. The buildings on the Lindersvold estate were destroyed by Swedish troops during the wars in 1657–58 and 1658–1660. Lindenov constructed a new two-storey, half-timbered main building in 1671. 1672–1732: Urne, von Schildern and Krabbe In 1672, Lindenov sold Lindersvold to his son-in-law, Axel Urne. Just one year later, Urne sold Lindersvold to his brother-in-law, Rabe von Schildern, who was married to Merete Sophie Urne. She managed Lindersvold with great skill after her husband's death in 1680 and for the next 44 years. She also increased the size of the estate through barters or the acquisition of more land. Thott family After Merete Sophie Urne's death, in 1724, Lindersvold passed to her daughter Hedvig Sophie von Schildern Lindersvold. In 1728 she sold it to Kirstine Marie Krabbe, the widow of Ulrik Kruse. Their daughter married Otto Thott. It was later part of Stamhuset Yhott-Redtz and the Barony of Gavnø. The estate was from 1871 to 1897 leased by Ingo Marius Friis. He was a pioneer of cattle breeding in Denmark and in 1884 founded the Association for the Improvement of Cattle Breeding in the Parish of Roholte. 1923-present: Later history In 1821, the Barony of Gavnø was dissolved as a result of the lensafløsningslov of 1919. In 1923, Lindersvold was acquired by John Petersen. He sold off most of the land for smallholdings. His widow sold the main building and tremaining land to the Christmas Stamp Committee. Lindersvold was then operated as the Christmas Stamp Foundation's fourth Christmas Stamp Home until 1959. It was from 1946 headed by Poul Billgren. A drawing of the main building featured on the foundation's official 1934 Christmas stamp. It was printed in 16.5 copies and raised DKK 261,609. Today In 1994, Lindersvold was acquired by Den selvejende institution Fælleseje. It is now operated as a primary school for children with special challenges. Cultural references Fru Merthe til Lindersvold is a so-called hjemstavnsspil about Merete Sophie von Schildern, née Urne. List of owners ( -1593) Christoffer Lindenov (1593-1606) Forskellige ejere (1606- ) Godske Lindenov ( - ) Karen Henriksdatter Gyldenstierne, gift Lindenov ( -1672) Christoffer Godskesen Lindenov (1672-1673) Axel Urne (1673-1680) Rabe von Schildern (1680-1724) Merete Sophie Urne, gift von Schildern (1724-1728) Hedevig Sophie von Schildern, gift Kalckreut (1728-1732) Kirstine Marie Krabbe, gift Kruse (1732-1785) Otto Thott (1785-1797) Holger Reedtz-Thott (1797-1862) Otto Reedtz-Thott (1862-1923) Kjeld Thor Tage Otto Reedtz-Thott (1923- ) John Petersen ( -1927) Enke efter John Petersen (1927- ) Julemærkekomiteen (1994- ) Den selvejende institution Fælleseje References External links Heldagsskolen Lindersvold Manor houses in Faxe Municipality Buildings and structures of the Lindenov family Buildings and structures of the Reedtz family Buildings and structures of the Thott family

22002877

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingshed%20Monastery

Lingshed Monastery

Lingshed Monastery or Lingshed Gompa is a Gelugpa Buddhist monastery in Ladakh, India. It is located near Lingshet village in the Leh district. It is 84 km north of Padum. It was founded in the 1440s by Changsems Sherabs Zangpo, disciple of Je Tsongkhapa, on a monastic site previously founded by the Translator Rinchen Zangpo. The monastery has belonged to the religious estate of Ngari Rinpoche since 1779. The Jangchub Tensung Dorje Center was founded in Lingshed by Kyabje Dagom Rinpoche in 1994. The ceremonial life of Lingshed Monastery and its monks is the subject of Identity, Ritual and State in Tibetan Buddhism (Routledge 2003) by the anthropologist Martin A. Mills. History Lingshed Village, at the heart of the Trans-Sengge-La region between Ladakh and Zanskar, has been inhabited for nearly a thousand years. It was originally reputed to be a local hunting area, which is the source of its name. The village has been the site of several Buddhist monasteries: the remnants of a cave monastery and two walls dedicated to the translator Rinchen Zangpo (958–1055). Local tradition in the region also speaks of Kadampa and Drugpa Kagyu monasteries in the valley. Lingshed Monastery (or Kumbum, meaning 'A Hundred Thousand Images') was founded as a Geluk School Monastery in the 1440s by Changsems Sherabs Zangpo, disciple of the noted Tibetan preceptor Je Tsongkhapa. Local tradition records how Sherabs Zangpo, having founded Karsha and Phugtal Monasteries to the south, travelled over Hanuma-La Pass to the south of Lingshed, from where he saw an 'auspicious shining light' shining on a rock on the hillside. He built a chorten around that rock, and this became the basis of Kumbum's central shrine, Tashi 'Od Bar ('Auspicious Shining Light' shrine). In 1779, the Ladakhi king Tsewang Namgyal donated the lands of Lingshed and its surrounding villages (along with the Zanskari monasteries and villages of Karsha, Mune, Phuktal and Rangdum) to Lobsang Gelek Yeshe Dragpa, the 3rd incarnate of the Ngari Rinpoche lineage. In 1783, Ngari Rinpoche founded Rangdum Monastery on the boundary of the Karsha Valley as his ecclesiastical seat, to which Lingshed is subordinate. Lingshed Monastery was electrified by Global Himalayan Expedition in August 2016 through setting up of solar microgrids. Description The monastery houses about 60 monks and is on the route between Zanskar and Lamayuru. It serves the surrounding villages of Lingshed, Skyumpata, Yulchung, Nyeraks, Dibling and Gongma. The monastery consists of six principal shrines, kitchens, store rooms and - on its uppermost floor - an apartment for Ngari Rinpoche or other visiting high lamas. Below the central temple complex, monastic quarters (shak) fan out in long lines. Lingshed monastery also maintains outlying shrines in each of the villages it serves. It is marked on an early survey map as 'Linshot' and is four marches south of Khalatse. There were two sons of La-chen-Bha-gan (c. 1470-1500 CE), the third king of the Second West Tibetan Dynasty. The younger son had the eyes of his elder brother, Lha-chen-Lha-dbaṅ-rnam-rgyal (c. 1500-1532), put out and then he took the throne. "Still, for the continuance of the race, he stationed him, together with his wife at Liṅ-sñed" where his wife bore three sons. See also List of buddhist monasteries in Ladakh Tourism in Ladakh Footnotes References Francke, A. H. (1926). Antiquities of Indian Tibet. Vol. II. First edition 1926. Reprint 1972. S. Chand & Co. (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi. Mills, M.A. 1996. Notes on the history of Lingshed Monastery, Ladakh. In Ladakh Studies 8. Journal for the International Association for Ladakh Studies; . Mills, M.A. 2003. Identity, Ritual and State in Tibetan Buddhism: The Foundations of Authority in Gelukpa Monasticism. London: Routledge. Rizvi, Janet. 1996. Ladakh: Crossroads of High Asia. Second Edition. Oxford India Paperbacks. 3rd Impression 2001. . External links An article about the village of Lingshed Buddhist monasteries in Ladakh Gelug monasteries and temples

14882389

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiregrass%20Electric%20Cooperative

Wiregrass Electric Cooperative

Wiregrass Electric Cooperative is a not-for-profit rural electric utility cooperative headquartered in Hartford, Alabama. It is a member of the Alabama Rural Electric Association of Cooperatives (AREA) and the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association. History Wiregrass Electric Cooperative, a PowerSouth Cooperative, was organized in October 1939 and began distribution in 1940. Taking its name from the Wiregrass Region which it serves, it was created to serve rural customers not serviced by the large power companies. The system is made up of around 3,200 miles of line and more than 27,000 consumer/member homes and businesses. Howard Haygood was the first manager of the cooperative. He served until 1958. Subsequent leadership was as follows: • B.L Woodham, general manager, 1953 – 1968 • Bruce Dyess, general manager, 1969 – 1985 • Jerry Mosley, general manager, 1985 – 2005 • Michael McWaters, CEO, 2005 – 2013 • Les Moreland, CEO, 2014 – present Organization At Wiregrass Electric Cooperative, the consumer/member is the basis of the organization. Each person receiving electric service must be a member of the cooperative. Annual membership meetings are held where members receive reports on the operation of the system and elect trustees to handle the affairs of the organization. Nine members compose the board of trustees at Wiregrass Electric Cooperative. These people must be members of the cooperative to be eligible to serve. The service area is divided into 9 districts, and the elected trustee must reside within the district he or she is to represent. These trustees, as a board, decide the policies under which the cooperative must operate. The board is responsible for the hiring of a chief executive officer. This CEO reports to, and is directly responsible to, the board of trustees. He must operate the system within the framework of policies set forth by the board. The Chief Executive Officer of Wiregrass Electric Cooperative known as the CEO, he hires and directs all of the employees of the local cooperative. Employees report to their department heads, who report to senior staff members, who in turn report to the CEO. The cooperative's service area covers most of the rural areas of Houston and Geneva counties. The cooperative also serves portions of Dale, Coffee and Covington counties. The main office of the cooperative is located on Highway 167 in Hartford. All records are kept at this location. In addition to the headquarters, the cooperative operates customer service centers in Ashford, Dothan and Samson. These offices are full-service locations where members can pay bills, apply for service, report problems with their account or conduct any other routine business that is normally handled by the main office. Since the cost of wholesale power is the biggest portion of its expenditures, Wiregrass Electric Cooperative diligently looks for ways to reduce power expenses. Through a power supply pooling arrangement, PowerSouth, the power supplier owned by WEC and 21 other member systems in central and south Alabama and the Florida panhandle, initiated a power supply plan that could reduce wholesale power expenses and ensure the future stability of rates. Under this arrangement, PowerSouth will be responsible for supplying the electricity, which will continue to be delivered over Alabama Power Company's transmission system Power companies in Alabama There are 22 rural electric cooperatives that distribute electricity in Alabama. All of these are organized locally as separate cooperatives with their own membership, boards of trustees, management and employees. Policies, rates and provisions of service differ among each cooperative. Nineteen of these 22 distribution co-ops and the one G&T co-op have banded together to organize the Alabama Rural Electric Association of Cooperatives (AREA). This is more commonly referred to as the Statewide Association. As an association, AREA is funded by the member cooperatives through a dues structure. The statewide association, or AREA, is controlled by a board of directors. The board is composed of the manager and one trustee from each of the member cooperatives. The board employs the manager or CEO who, in turn, hires and directs other employees. This association also performs various services for the member cooperatives. It works closely with the legislature and other state agencies on matters that affect all co-ops in Alabama. It produces the Alabama Living magazine mailed to all rural electric consumer/members. It also operates a print shop for custom printing required by its member co-ops. There are more than 1 million rural electric consumers in Alabama. These consumers use approximately 1,200 kilowatt hours per month. There are approximately 6.5 consumers per mile of line on Alabama cooperatives. Currently, Wiregrass system is made up of more the 3,074 miles of lines and serves more than 27,000 members in portions of five counties, including Houston, Geneva, Dale, Coffee, and Covington. See also West Florida Electric Cooperative References External links Wiregrass Electric Cooperative PowerSouth Energy Cooperative Gulf Coast Electric Cooperative West Florida Electric Cooperative Alabama Rural Electric Association of Cooperatives (AREA) National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) Companies based in Alabama Electric cooperatives in Alabama

424617

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onion%20routing

Onion routing

Onion routing is a technique for anonymous communication over a computer network. In an onion network, messages are encapsulated in layers of encryption, analogous to the layers of an onion. The encrypted data is transmitted through a series of network nodes called "onion routers," each of which "peels" away a single layer, revealing the data's next destination. When the final layer is decrypted, the message arrives at its destination. The sender remains anonymous because each intermediary knows only the location of the immediately preceding and following nodes. While onion routing provides a high level of security and anonymity, there are methods to break the anonymity of this technique, such as timing analysis. History Onion routing was developed in the mid-1990s at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory by employees Paul Syverson, Michael G. Reed, and David Goldschlag to protect U.S. intelligence communications online. It was then refined by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and patented by the Navy in 1998. This method was publicly released by the same employees through publishing an article in the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications the same year. It depicted the use of the method to protect the user from the network and outside observers who eavesdrop and conduct traffic analysis attacks. The most important part of this research is the configurations and applications of onion routing on the existing e-services, such as Virtual private network, Web-browsing, Email, Remote login, and Electronic cash. Based on the existing onion routing technology, computer scientists Roger Dingledine and Nick Mathewson joined Paul Syverson in 2002 to develop what has become the largest and best-known implementation of onion routing, then called The Onion Routing project (Tor project). After the Naval Research Laboratory released the code for Tor under a free license, Dingledine, Mathewson and five others founded The Tor Project as a non-profit organization in 2006, with the financial support of the Electronic Frontier Foundation and several other organizations. Data structure Metaphorically, an onion is the data structure formed by "wrapping" a message with successive layers of encryption to be decrypted ("peeled" or "unwrapped") by as many intermediary computers as there are layers before arriving at its destination. The original message remains hidden as it is transferred from one node to the next, and no intermediary knows both the origin and final destination of the data, allowing the sender to remain anonymous. Onion creation and transmission To create and transmit an onion, the originator selects a set of nodes from a list provided by a "directory node". The chosen nodes are arranged into a path, called a "chain" or "circuit", through which the message will be transmitted. To preserve the anonymity of the sender, no node in the circuit is able to tell whether the node before it is the originator or another intermediary like itself. Likewise, no node in the circuit is able to tell how many other nodes are in the circuit and only the final node, the "exit node", is able to determine its own location in the chain. Using asymmetric key cryptography, the originator obtains a public key from the directory node to send an encrypted message to the first ("entry") node, establishing a connection and a shared secret ("session key"). Using the established encrypted link to the entry node, the originator can then relay a message through the first node to a second node in the chain using encryption that only the second node, and not the first, can decrypt. When the second node receives the message, it establishes a connection with the first node. While this extends the encrypted link from the originator, the second node cannot determine whether the first node is the originator or just another node in the circuit. The originator can then send a message through the first and second nodes to a third node, encrypted such that only the third node is able to decrypt it. The third, as with the second, becomes linked to the originator but connects only with the second. This process can be repeated to build larger and larger chains but is typically limited to preserve performance. When the chain is complete, the originator can send data over the Internet anonymously. When the final recipient of the data sends data back, the intermediary nodes maintain the same link back to the originator, with data again layered, but in reverse such that the final node this time adds the first layer of encryption and the first node adds the last layer of encryption before sending the data, for example a web page, to the originator, who is able to decrypt all layers. Weaknesses Timing analysis One of the reasons why the typical Internet connections are not considered anonymous is the ability of Internet service providers to trace and log connections between computers. For example, when a person accesses a particular website, the data itself may be secured through a connection like HTTPS such that the user's password, emails, or other content is not visible to an outside party, but there is a record of the connection itself, what time it occurred, and the amount of data transferred. Onion routing creates and obscures a path between two computers such that there is no discernible connection directly from a person to a website, but there still exist records of connections between computers. Traffic analysis searches those records of connections made by a potential originator and tries to match the timing and data transfers to connections made to a potential recipient. If an attacker has compromised both ends of a route, a sender may be seen to have transferred an amount of data to an unknown computer a specified amount of seconds before a different unknown computer transferred data of the same exact size to a particular destination. Factors that may facilitate traffic analysis include nodes failing or leaving the network and a compromised node keeping track of a session as it occurs when chains are periodically rebuilt. Garlic routing is a variant of onion routing associated with the I2P network that encrypts multiple messages together, which both increases the speed of data transfer and makes it more difficult for attackers to perform traffic analysis. Exit node vulnerability Although the message being sent is transmitted inside several layers of encryption, the job of the exit node, as the final node in the chain, is to decrypt the final layer and deliver the message to the recipient. A compromised exit node is thus able to acquire the raw data being transmitted, potentially including passwords, private messages, bank account numbers, and other forms of personal information. Dan Egerstad, a Swedish researcher, used such an attack to collect the passwords of over 100 email accounts related to foreign embassies. Exit node vulnerabilities are similar to those on unsecured wireless networks, where the data being transmitted by a user on the network may be intercepted by another user or by the router operator. Both issues are solved by using a secure end-to-end connection like SSL/TLS or secure HTTP (S-HTTP). If there is end-to-end encryption between the sender and the recipient, and the sender isn't lured into trusting a false SSL certificate offered by the exit node, then not even the last intermediary can view the original message. See also Anonymous remailer Bitblinder Chaum mixes Cryptography Degree of anonymity Diffie–Hellman key exchange Java Anon Proxy Key-based routing Matryoshka doll Mix network Mixmaster anonymous remailer Public-key cryptography Proxy server Tox – implements onion routing Tribler – implements onion routing References External links Onion-Router.net – site formerly hosted at the Center for High Assurance Computer Systems of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Anonymity networks Routing Computer-related introductions in 1998 Network architecture Cryptographic protocols Onion routing Key-based routing Mix networks

11785930

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20North%20Dakota%20state%20symbols

List of North Dakota state symbols

The following is a list of officially designated symbols of the U.S. state of North Dakota. State symbols The following are defined in Title 54 of the North Dakota Century Code and appear in the North Dakota Blue Book: State bird: western meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta State fish: northern pike, Esox lucius Honorary equine: Nokota horse State flower: wild prairie rose, Rosa arkansana State tree: American elm, Ulmus americana State fossil: teredo petrified wood State grass: western wheatgrass, Pascopyrum smithii (formerly Agropyron smithii) State nicknames: Roughrider State, Flickertail State, Peace Garden State State mottos Great Seal: Liberty and Union, Now and Forever, One and Inseparable Coat of arms: Strength from the Soil Latin motto: () State song: "North Dakota Hymn" State dance: square dance State fruit: chokecherry State march: "Flickertail March" State beverage: milk State insect: convergent lady beetle (ladybug), Hippodamia convergens State seal: The Great Seal of North Dakota: "A tree in the open field, the trunk of which is surrounded by three bundles of wheat; on the right a plow, anvil and sledge; on the left, a bow crossed with three arrows, and an Indian on horseback pursuing a buffalo toward the setting sun; the foliage of the tree arched by a half circle of forty-two stars, surrounded by the motto "Liberty and Union Now and Forever, One and Inseparable"; the words Great Seal at the top; the words State of North Dakota at the bottom; October 1 on the left and 1889 on the right." State coat of arms: "Device: On an Indian arrowhead point to base or a bend vert charged with three mullets of the first, in base a fleur-de-lis of the second. Crest: On a wreath or and azure, a sheaf of three arrows argent armed and flighted gules behind a stringed bow fessways or with grip of the second (gules)." State license plate: "The background has a blue and white sky above golden plains and hills with a buffalo and some grain on the plains. The phrase "Discover the Spirit" is at the top and the phrase "Peace Garden State" is below the state name at the bottom." Unofficial symbols of North Dakota State creed: "We believe in North Dakota, in the beauty of her skies, and in the glory of her prairies. We believe in the People of North Dakota, in their strength of Body and Mind, in their High Sense of Right, and in their Desire to establish a Great Commonwealth wherein the things that count for Human Welfare shall be first. We believe that by Thought and Act we can magnify our State and the Life of our People, bind the East and the West, the North and the South by Roadways, Communication and Good Will, and give our Sons and Daughters the Opportunity to Work at Useful Tasks within our borders. We pledge to those seeking new homes the Hand of Hospitality and extend to them a Welcome to our Commonwealth where they may find Peace and Happiness. We pledge that the freedom our Fathers won here and elsewhere shall continue as the Heritage of our Children. We, as a People, because of growing Intelligence and a Nobler Outlook, seek Unity of Purpose; we desire to lead a Richer Common Life, and hope to render a Larger Service to the State and the Nation." State art museum: North Dakota Museum of Art State slogan: Legendary State websites: ND state government: http://www.nd.gov ND Department of Commerce: http://www.ndtourism.com ND Parks and Recreation department: http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20060602182636/http://www.ndparks.com/ ND Department of Health: http://ndhealth.gov ND university system: http://www.ndus.edu Job Service North Dakota: http://www.jobsnd.com See also List of North Dakota-related topics Lists of United States state insignia State of North Dakota References External links State symbols North Dakota

105293

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healy%2C%20Alaska

Healy, Alaska

Healy is a census-designated place (CDP) and the borough seat of Denali Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. The population was 966 at the time of the 2020 census, down from 1,021 in 2010. History The history of Healy is intertwined with that of coal mining and construction of the Alaska Railroad, which both began in the area in 1918 and 1919 respectively. Healy was originally named Healy Fork after the Healy River. The Healy River was named after Capt. John J. Healy, manager of the North American Trading and Transportation Company. Geography Healy is located at (63.970833, -149.126944). The George Parks Highway (Alaska Route 3) runs through the community, leading south to Denali Park and north to Nenana. According to the United States Census Bureau, the Healy CDP has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.03%, is water. By area, it is the second-largest CDP in the United States, exceeded by only Willow, Alaska. Climate As is typical of the Alaska Interior, Healy experiences a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) with very long, bitterly cold winters and short, warm summers, and straddles the border between USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 2 and 3, indicating the coldest temperature of the year is typically around . Average temperatures are below freezing from early October to mid-April, though occasionally chinook winds will push temperatures up to even in the depths of winter. Economy Usibelli Coal Mine, Golden Valley Electric Association, the Denali Borough School District, and the National Park Service are the major employers in Healy. Proximity to Denali National Park & Preserve supports local RV parks, hotels, restaurants, bed and breakfast, and other small businesses. The Denali Chamber of Commerce represents the economic interests of Healy and the Denali Borough, Alaska. The 24 MW Eva Creek Wind Farm opened in 2013, 12 miles north of Healy. Demographics Healy first appeared on the 1930 U.S. Census as the unincorporated community of "Healey Fork." In 1940, it appeared as Healy Fork. It was shortened to *Healy beginning in 1950. It was made a census-designated place (CDP) in 1980. Note there was also another locale named "Healey (Healy) Village" on the 1930 & 1940 U.S. Censuses (with a population of 16 and 77, respectively). It was stated that this place was located in the Fairbanks Recording District rather than Nenana (where then Healy Fork was located). It is unclear whether this was a geographic error on the census and both places were located at or around Healy Fork and merged in 1950, or if the former was a native village on or near present-day Healy Lake (within Southeast Fairbanks Census Area). At the 2000 census there were 1,000 people, 436 households, and 245 families in the CDP. The population density was 1.5 people per square mile (0.6/km). There were 604 housing units at an average density of 0.9 per square mile (0.3/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.20% White, 0.30% Black or African American, 2.30% Native American, 1.90% Asian, 0.70% Pacific Islander, 0.80% from other races, and 3.80% from two or more races. 2.00%. were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 436 households 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 3.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.6% were non-families. 37.6% of households were one person and 0.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 3.12. The age distribution was 27.4% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 34.3% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 2.2% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 132.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 142.8 males. The median household income was $60,000 and the median family income was $77,806. Males had a median income of $65,729 versus $30,227 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $28,225. About 2.5% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over. Education K-12 students attend Tri-Valley School, operated by the Denali Borough School District. The district is headquartered in Healy. See also Healy Clean Coal Project References External links Borough seats in Alaska Census-designated places in Alaska Census-designated places in Denali Borough, Alaska Mining communities in Alaska

71870888

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20and%20funeral%20of%20Prince%20Edward%2C%20Duke%20of%20Windsor

Death and funeral of Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor

The funeral of Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor, took place on 5 June 1972. Edward had been King of the United Kingdom from 20 January to 11 December 1936, reigning as Edward VIII before his abdication, and had lived in Paris at the time of his death. His funeral took place at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle after lying in state for three days and he was buried at the Royal Burial Ground at Frogmore. His widow, Wallis, Duchess of Windsor, was buried alongside him in 1986. Background Edward died on 28 May 1972 in Paris. A heavy smoker, he had suffered from throat cancer. He had reigned as King of the United Kingdom between 20 January and 11 December 1936 and had abdicated due to his wish to marry Wallis Simpson. His brother, Prince Albert, Duke of York, had succeeded him as king under the regnal name George VI. George VI died in 1952 and his eldest daughter, Queen Elizabeth II, succeeded him. Elizabeth II had visited Edward in Paris on 18 May 1972, ten days before his death. Edward's body was flown to Britain, landing at RAF Benson, and lay in the Albert Memorial Chapel in Windsor Castle on 2 June before being carried by soldiers of the Welsh Guards into St George's Chapel the following day where he lay in state for three days. The coffin was displayed on a catafalque with blue carpeting in the centre of the nave. A large candleholder stood at each corner, with each end marked by a cross. Edward's coffin was draped with his royal standard and surmounted with a cross formed of white Easter lilies given by Wallis. His widow, Wallis, stayed at Buckingham Palace during her visit. Wallis was suffering from mental confusion due to arteriosclerosis and was nervous about meeting Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother who had a long held antipathy toward her due to the strain that Edward's abdication had had on her husband, George VI. Wallis was reassured by Lord Mountbatten that "Your sister-in-law will receive you with open arms. She is deeply sorry for you in your present grief and remembers what it was like when her husband died". Elizabeth met Wallis only once during her stay, on the day of the funeral. Queue barriers in anticipation of mourners to the laying in state stretched for half a mile down the length of Castle Hill. A car park for 2,000 cars was established in the Home Park. Thousands of mourners filed past his coffin. Funeral and burial The funeral service commenced at 11:15 am and lasted for 30 minutes. The bell in the tower tolled for an hour prior to the service. The service was conducted by the Dean of Windsor, Launcelot Fleming, and the blessing was given by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Michael Ramsey. The Archbishop of York, Donald Coggan and the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, Ronnie Selby Wright, were also present. The lesson was from chapters 4 and 5 of 2 Corinthians and was read by the Precentor of St George's, Canon Bryan Bentley. The hymn "Lead Us Heavenly Father Lead us" was sung before the traditional recitation of Edward's titles as monarch by the Garter King of Arms (followed by the Last Post and the Reveille played by the State Trumpeters of the Household Cavalry. Wallis sat next to the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh. The Queen Mother was also present. Elizabeth II's children Prince Charles and Princess Anne and her sister Princess Margaret and Margaret's husband the Earl of Snowdon were also present. Various diplomats and peers, Prime Minister Edward Heath, the leader of the opposition Harold Wilson and the former Prime Minister and foreign secretary Anthony Eden were also in attendance. In the choir also stood Olav V of Norway, Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, and Prince Richard of Gloucester. Edward's sole surviving brother, Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, was unable to attend due to ill health. His coffin was carried into St George's Chapel from the Albert Memorial Chapel by soldiers of the Welsh Guards. The last post and reveille were played by trumpeters following the service. Following the service Edward was buried at the Royal Burial Ground at Frogmore. Edward had chosen to be buried in the Royal Burial Ground as opposed to St George's Chapel. The burial was attended by only 14 people. They included the Queen, the Duke of Edinburgh, the Prince of Wales and John Utter, the Duke of Windsor's secretary, who had accompanied the Duchess to England and who was with her on her return to Paris. Wallis flew directly back to Paris following the ceremony. Also present at the funeral service was Sydney Johnson, the personal valet of the Duke. Edward's funeral was filmed by television stations but not broadcast, but was broadcast live on BBC Radio 3. The BBC hid their broadcasting apparatus behind a cardboard and plywood replica of the walls of Windsor Castle, complete with imitation parapets and buttresses. References 1972 in England 20th century in Berkshire Edward VIII Events involving British royalty Edward, Duke of Windsor, Prince June 1972 events in the United Kingdom Windsor Castle Funerals in the United Kingdom

39017277

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%20Littlefield

Alice Littlefield

Alice Tillar Littlefield (1846–1935) was the wife of Texas businessman and philanthropist George W. Littlefield. The Littlefield Dormitory at the University of Texas is named in her honor. Early life Alice Payne Tillar was born in Virginia on April 10, 1846, to parents William Tillar and Mildred Lundy. Her father moved the family to DeSoto County, Mississippi, where he died in 1850. After her mother's marriage to Whitfield Harral Jr. in 1855, Alice gained three older step-brothers. In 1857, Harral moved the family to Gonzales, Texas, where Alice enrolled in Gonzales College at age 11. The college more closely resembled the present-day definition of a school than that of a modern college or university. In addition to the standard curriculum, Alice studied painting, music and French. Personal life Alice Tillar presumably met George W. Littlefield during their studies at Gonzales College. By September 1861, when George left to fight for the Confederacy during the Civil War, the couple were engaged. Two years later, when Littlefield was home on leave, the couple married on January 14, 1863, in Houston, Texas. Major Littlefield was discharged from the Confederate Army a year later for injuries, and the couple returned to manage his family plantation in Gonzales County. By all accounts, the couple had a happy marriage. Their marriage produced two children, both of whom died in infancy. Ed Rhodes Littlefield was born in 1866 and died less than a year later. The second child, a girl, was born in 1868 and died at birth. Lacking children of their own, George and Alice Littlefield became very close to their extended family, and their nieces and nephews were frequent visitors in their home. They paid for the college educations of all 12 nephews and 17 nieces, established each nephew in business and gave each niece a home. In the words of one of Alice's nieces, "Everyone in the family worshipped Aunt Alice. I couldn't have loved her more if she'd been my own mother.” In 1883 Alice and her husband moved to Austin, where Major Littlefield prospered as a banker and business owner. In 1893, he commissioned an ornate Victorian dwelling that came to be known as the Littlefield House. To complete the house's unique look, he imported a Deodar Cedar from the Himalayas and had it planted on the grounds. Alice helped take care of the property. Achievements Alice Littlefield made several impacts on the city of Austin. She organized a local children's home, and joined Austin's Albert Sidney Johnston Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 1901. The Johnston Chapter focused on historical preservation and working with children. In 1903, she served as a delegate for the chapter at the Daughters' tenth annual meeting in Charleston, South Carolina. Alice Littlefield is most well known, however, for the University of Texas residence hall that bears her name. While in Austin, George Littlefield donated $300,000 to the University of Texas for the creation of a dormitory specifically for freshman women. The residence hall was named in honor of Alice, and she was the guest of honor at its dedication in 1927. Alice's great-nephew Maurice Hood Dowell believed she had “inspired the idea of a dormitory for young girls in their freshman year at the University, as I heard her make the statement years ago that a girl during her first year from home needed special care and protection.” In 1933, Alice Littlefield was the guest of honor at the dedication of the Littlefield Memorial Fountain and nine other University buildings. Alice was known by friends and relatives for being a good storyteller and amateur painter. Two of her paintings hang in the Littlefield Dormitory and two in the Littlefield House. Later life In 1912, at around 65 years of age, Alice Littlefield developed an unexplained "nervous condition." With apparently no cause, she developed the delusion that her whole household would be murdered and she would be kidnapped. This made her prone to nervous fits of hysteria. On one occasion, she ran down the stairs screaming for her life and had to be restrained. George Littlefield wrote that when a doctor advised him to take Alice to a sanitarium, “I told him I would not think of leaving her with strangers, but I would carry her home, so I could look after her and care for her in comfort." He hired three nurses, but the condition persisted for eight years. After George Littlefield died of pneumonia in 1920, Alice's nervous condition suddenly and unexpectedly improved. Now that her husband's safety was no longer a concern, she regained normal mental health and resumed an active social life. She spent much time with relatives but little in the public view. Alice Littlefield died on January 9, 1935, at age 88, and is buried in Austin's Oakwood Cemetery beside her husband. Her gravestone reads, "Beloved wife of George W. Littlefield." References External links Alice T. Littlefield Littlefield Dormitory Website People from Gonzales, Texas People from Austin, Texas People from Virginia University of Texas at Austin people 1846 births 1935 deaths

50916937

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery%20A%2C%201st%20Pennsylvania%20Light%20Artillery

Battery A, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery

Battery A, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery was a light artillery battery that served in the Union Army as part of the Pennsylvania Reserves infantry division during the American Civil War. Service The battery was organized at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and mustered in for a three-year enlistment on August 5, 1861 under the command of Captain Hezekiah Easton. The battery was attached to McCall's Pennsylvania Reserve Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. Artillery, 2nd Division, I Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April 1862. Artillery, McCall's Division, Department of the Rappahannock, to June 1862. Artillery, 3rd Division, V Corps, Army of the Potomac, to August 1862. Artillery, 3rd Division, III Corps, Army of Virginia, to September 1862. Artillery, 3rd Division, I Corps, Army of the Potomac, to February 1863. Artillery, 3rd Division, IX Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April 1863. Artillery, 2nd Division, VII Corps, Department of Virginia, to July 1863. U.S. Forces, Norfolk and Portsmouth, Virginia, Department of Virginia and North Carolina, to January 1864. Artillery, Heckman's Division, XVIII Corps, Department of Virginia and North Carolina, to April 1864. Defenses of Portsmouth, Virginia, Department of Virginia and North Carolina, to May 1864. District of Eastern Virginia, Department of Virginia and North Carolina, to July 1864. Artillery Brigade, X Corps, to October 1864. Artillery Brigade, XVIII Corps, to December 1864. Artillery Brigade, XXIV Corps, Department of Virginia, to July 1865. Battery A, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery mustered out of service July 25, 1865 at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Detailed service Ordered to Washington, D.C., August 1861. Camp at Tennallytown, Md., until October 1861, and at Camp Pierpont near Langley, Va., until March 1862. Expedition to Grinnell's Farm December 6, 1861. Action at Dranesville, Va., December 20. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10-15. McDowell's advance on Falmouth April 9-19. Duty at Falmouth and Fredericksburg until June. Ordered to the Virginia Peninsula. Seven Days before Richmond, Va., June 25-July 1. Beaver Dam Creek or Mechanicsville June 26. Gaines' Mill June 27. Charles City Cross Roads and Glendale June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison's Landing until August 15. Movement to join Pope August 15-26. Battle of Gainesville August 28. Battle of Groveton August 29. Second Battle of Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September. Battle of South Mountain September 14. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October-November. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. "Mud March" January 20-24, 1863. Ordered to Newport News February 9, then to Suffolk, March. Siege of Suffolk April 12-May 4. Dix's Peninsula Campaign June 26-July 8. Expedition from White House to South Anna River July 1-7. Duty at Portsmouth, Va., until July 1864. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond July 1864 to April 1865. Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights, September 28-30, 1864. Fair Oaks October 27-28. Before Richmond until April 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3. Engaged in demolishing defenses and removing ordnance at Richmond until July. Casualties The battery lost a total of 38 men during service; 1 officer and 16 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 21 enlisted men died of disease. Commanders Captain Hezekiah Easton - killed in action at the Battle of Gaines's Mill Captain John G. Simpson - dismissed from the service August 21, 1864 Captain William Stitt 1st Lieutenant John G. Simpson - commanded the battery after Cpt Easton was killed in action at the Battle of Gaines's Mill See also List of Pennsylvania Civil War Units Pennsylvania in the Civil War References Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908. Military units and formations established in 1861 Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 Units and formations of the Union Army from Pennsylvania P

4086824

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective%20soldering

Selective soldering

Selective soldering is the process of selectively soldering components to printed circuit boards and molded modules that could be damaged by the heat of a reflow oven or wave soldering in a traditional surface-mount technology (SMT) or through-hole technology assembly processes. This usually follows an SMT oven reflow process; parts to be selectively soldered are usually surrounded by parts that have been previously soldered in a surface-mount reflow process, and the selective-solder process must be sufficiently precise to avoid damaging them. Processes Assembly processes used in selective soldering include: Selective aperture tooling over wave solder: These tools mask off areas previously soldered in the SMT reflow soldering process, exposing only those areas to be selectively soldered in the tool's aperture or window. The tool and printed circuit board (PCB) assembly are then passed over wave soldering equipment to complete the process. Each tool is specific to a PCB assembly. Mass selective dip solder fountain: A variant of selective-aperture soldering in which specialized tooling (with apertures to allow solder to be pumped through it) represent the areas to be soldered. The PCB is then presented over the selective-solder fountain; all selective soldering of the PCB is soldered simultaneously as the board is lowered into the solder fountain. Each tool is specific to a PCB assembly. Miniature wave selective solder : This typically uses a round miniature pumped solder wave, similar to the end of a pencil or crayon, to sequentially solder the PCB. The process is slower than the two previous methods, but more accurate. The PCB may be fixed, and the wave solder pot moved underneath the PCB; alternately, the PCB may be articulated over a fixed wave or solder bath to undergo the selective-soldering process. Unlike the first two examples, this process is toolless. Laser Selective Soldering System: A new system, able to import CAD-based board layouts and use that data to position a laser to directly solder any point on the board. Its advantages are the elimination of thermal stress, its non-contact quality, consistent high-quality solder joints and flexibility. Soldering time averages one second per joint; stencils and solder masks may be eliminated from the circuit board to reduce manufacturing costs. Less-common selective soldering processes include: Hot-iron solder with wire-solder feed Induction solder with paste-solder, solder-laden pads or preforms and hot gas (including hydrogen), with a number of methods of presenting the solder Other selective soldering applications are non-electronic, such as lead-frame attachment to ceramic substrates, coil-lead attachment, SMT attachment (such as LEDs to PCBs) and fire sprinklers (where the fuse is low-temperature solder alloys). Regardless of the selective soldering equipment used, there are two types of selective flux applicators: spray and dropjet fluxers. The spray fluxer applies atomized flux to a specific area, while the dropjet fluxer is more precise; the choice depends on the circumstances surrounding the soldering application. Miniature wave selective solder fountain The miniature wave selective solder fountain type is widely used, yielding good results if the PCB design and manufacturing process are optimized. Key requirements for selective fountain type soldering are: Process Nozzle diameter selection according to solder-joint geometry, nearby component clearance, component lead height and wettable or non-wettable nozzle Solder temperature: Set value or actual value on plated through-hole part Contact time Preheating Flux type: No-clean, organic-based; method of fluxing (spray or dropjet) Soldering: Drag, dip or angle method Design Temperature requirement (for soldered part) and component selection Nearby SMD through-hole component clearance Ratio of component pin diameter to plated through-hole Component lead length Thermal decoupling Solder masking (green masking) distance from component pad Drop-Jet The Drop-Jet is an Electromechanical device which is capable of depositing a droplet of flux on demand onto a surface such as a Printed Circuit Board and or component pin. Thermal profiling The thermal profile of the selective process is critical as with other common automated soldering techniques. Topside temperature measurements within the pre-heat stage must be verified as with conventional flow solder machine, additionally flux activation must be verified as sufficient. As number of miniature profiling dataloggers are now available to make the process more simple such as the Solderstar Pro units. Selective solder optimization A number of fixtures are available to allow daily checking of the selective solder process, these instruments allow the verification of machine parameters to be performed on a periodic basis. Parameters such as contact time, X/Y speeds, nozzle wave height and profile temperature can all be measured. Use of nitrogen atmosphere Selective soldering is normally undertaken in a nitrogen atmosphere. This prevents oxidation of the fountain surface and results in better wetting. Less flux is needed with less left-over residue. The use of nitrogen results in clean, shiny joints without the need for PCB cleaning or brushing. References Printed circuit board manufacturing Soldering

73496673

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Camilleri

Mark Camilleri

Mark Camilleri M.Q.R. (born 2 February 1988) is a Maltese historian, writer, blogger, and publisher. Camilleri served as chairman of the National Book Council from 2013 to 2021. Following this, he became an outspoken critic of the ruling Labour Party and of prime ministers Joseph Muscat and Robert Abela. Early career Camillieri studied history at the University of Malta, where he graduated BA (Hons) in 2009 and MA in 2012. In his student days he was an active member of Moviment Graffitti. In 2009, he published Alex Vella Gera's short story Li Tkisser Sewwi (trans. Fix What You Break) in his student newspaper Ir-Realta'''. Vella Gera's short story is a first person male narrative on female objectification and sexual exploits. The publication was promptly banned from the University of Malta and Camilleri was indicted to court along with the author for publishing obscenities and pornography. This arrest took place during a time when old censorship laws were being applied across the arts sector. This led him to organize a pressure group called Front Against Censorship which lobbied for the removal of censorship laws from the arts. Camilleri and Vella Gera were released from all charges by Maltese courts. Following their release, censorship laws in Malta were removed in 2016. During the following year, the Front Against Censorship lobbied for the removal of criminal libel, which was subsequently removed from Malta's code of laws in 2018. For his work against government censorship, Camilleri was awarded a Midalja għall-Qadi tar-Repubblika (M.Q.R) in 2013 by Malta's President George Abela. National Book Council In 2013, Mark Camilleri was appointed Executive Chairman of Malta's National Book Council. During his tenure he introduced Malta's first Public Lending Rights scheme, began Malta's participation at the London Book Fair, and founded the Mata Book Fund. Camilleri has also pushed for the exportation of Maltese literature, describing Immanuel Mifsud and Walid Nabhan as two of the most representative contemporary Maltese authors around the world. After the 2019 Malta political crisis Camilleri became very critical of the government owing to complications arising from his own position on Daphne Caruana Galizia's murder investigation. An example of this is evident in the cancellation of the National Book Prize Ceremony, which was due to be held at the Office of the Prime Minister in November. This followed a request for his resignation from his public service post after insulting senior government officials. He refused to resign and issued a formal apology. His contract with the National Book Council was not renewed in 2021 and he claimed political discrimination, demanding a lifetime achievement award. Political views Camilleri has identified himself as a "Marxist" and a "leftist" Publications His output as a historian includes the books A Materialist Revision of Maltese History 870-1919 (2016, SKS, ) and A Materialist Revision of Maltese History 1919-1979 (2018, SKS, ). Camilleri also accused in his work that Superintendence of Cultural Heritage had deliberately concealed archeological evidence to gloss over Malta's Islamic history and called for the publication of all archeological items in its inventory. In 2020 he also called for relocation of a statue of Queen Victoria from the centre of Valletta. In his book A Rent-Seeking Paradise (2021, Dialekta, ), Camilleri claims that six Malta Government rebel members of parliament had asked Joseph Muscat to resign from Prime Minister and leader of the Partit Laburista during Malta's political crisis in December 2019. Camilleri writes regularly on his blog and pursues as a self-published author through his own publishing house, Dar Camilleri. Publications include his novel Ġaħan fl-Aqwa Żmien (2022, ) and L-Antologija ta' Letteratura Mqarba'' (2022, ). In 2021, he released the online chats between alleged Daphne Caruana Galizia murder Yorgen Fenech and Maltese politician Edward Zammit Lewis. In 2023, he released the chats between Fenech and Maltese politician Rosianne Cutajar. This led to the resignation of Cutajar from the Malta Government's parliamentary group, which also triggered her removal from the Social Affairs Committee of the Parliament of Malta. The Criminal Court ordered that Camilleri be charged with criminal action over the release of the chats involving Cutajar, interpreting this as contempt of court in the context of Fenech's ongoing judicial process. References External links Mark Camilleri's blog 1988 births Maltese historians Maltese writers Living people Maltese Marxists

19457783

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dance%20Club%20Massacre

Dance Club Massacre

Dance Club Massacre was an American deathcore band from Chicago, Illinois. Formed in 2004, the group originated as a simple recording project between founding members Nick Seger and Kurt Latos. After recording three songs described as "Halloween-core" and distributing them to friends, the project became a complete band when friends began rehearsals with one another all while attending college. Dance Club Massacre consisted of Nick Seger (lead vocals), Jon Caruso (drums), Chris Mrozek (bass guitar), Mitch Hein (guitar) and Matt Hynek (keyboards). They are currently signed to Metal Blade Records, and its division, Black Market Activities. History Dance Club Massacre originated in Lansing, Illinois in 2004 as a duo consisting of Nick Seger and Kurt Latos before acquiring the line-up of a full band consisting of friends, many of which were college students. The band recorded their first demo in early 2005 at Blam Recording in Chicago, which was just simply titled Demo, with producer, Eric Butkus. The demo had seven tracks and 150 hand pressed copies were issued. These copies of the demo were sold at shows and through their Myspace profile. Shortly after the release of the demo, Matt Hynek took Kurt Latos' place as keyboardist. By April 2006, all copies of the demo were sold out, which then had Dance Club Massacre record their debut full-length album, Feast of the Blood Monsters with the same engineer that recorded their demo. Six of the seven tracks that were on the demo were re-recorded for the album. Feast of the Blood Monsters was self-released and 1,100 copies were made in real packaging, which were sold at local indie record stores, shows, and on Interpunk. The album has stayed in Interpunk's top 50 items ever since it was released. They then played at 2006's Warped Tour. After being noticed by Black Market Activities, they were signed to the label and their debut album was re-issued through Black Market and Metal Blade with heightened production and different cover art. During 2008, the band traveled to Syracuse, New York to record their second album, Circle of Death with Jason Randall at More Sound Studios. Since 2009, the band have been rather inactive, while their Facebook page is updated occasionally with pictures of the members grouped together in rehearsals, they still have not played a single show since 2009, but at the same time have not denied the possibility of a reunion. Musical style, influences and concept Dance Club Massacre generally have an experimental musical style, which is ultimately influenced by many extreme metal and metalcore musical groups. The band's influences include groups such as, Dimmu Borgir, Cradle of Filth, An Albatross, The Locust, Daughters, Converge, Horse the Band, Fantomas, Pig Destroyer and Between the Buried and Me. They even incorporate influence from indie rock musical styles. Their lyrical themes usually focus on subjects such as partying, girls, alcohol and enjoying life in general rather than the morbid or aggressive themes extreme metal bands traditionally employ. Genre-wise, the band have been said to include a vast variety of genres into their music including experimental metal, black metal, death metal, grindcore, math rock, post-hardcore, and thrash metal. However, they are primarily recognized as a deathcore band. Band members Final lineup Nick Seger – vocals (2004-2010) Mitch Hein – guitars (2004-2010) Matt Hynek – keyboards, synthesizer (2005-2010) Chris Mrozek – bass (2004-2010) Jon Caruso – drums (2004-2010) Former Memberøs Kurt Latos – keyboards, synthesizer (2004) James Poston – bass (2004-2005) Timeline Discography Studio albums Feast of the Blood Monsters (2006) Circle of Death (2008) Demos Demo (self-released, 2005) References External links American deathcore musical groups American mathcore musical groups American avant-garde metal musical groups Black Market Activities artists Heavy metal musical groups from Illinois Math rock groups Metal Blade Records artists Musical groups disestablished in 2010 Musical groups established in 2004 Musical groups from Chicago American musical quintets

56566824

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Union%20Chamber%20of%20Commerce%20in%20China

European Union Chamber of Commerce in China

The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China (European Chamber), is a non-profit and non-governmental organisation established to support and represent the interests of companies from the European Union operating in China. The main objective of the European Chamber is to advocate for a better business environment. It does this through its membership services of advocacy, business intelligence, and community. The organisation is headquartered in Beijing, China. Organization The European Chamber has more than 1,700 members from seven chapters active in nine Chinese cities including Beijing, Nanjing, South China (Guangzhou and Shenzhen), Shanghai, Shenyang, Southwest China (Chengdu and Chongqing), and Tianjin. The European Chamber is recognized by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China and the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT), and is registered with the Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA). Executive committee The executive committee of the European Chamber consists of a president, six vice presidents, a treasurer, three member states' representatives, and the European Chamber's Secretary General. Representatives of member companies are elected for a two-year term, renewable once. Supervisory Board The supervisory board of the European Chamber consists of member representatives who elect three persons to represent the group on the executive committee. In addition to creating an electoral college, the supervisory board meets regularly to monitor and guide the work of the executive committee. The national representatives are nominated by national chambers of commerce or embassies by default. Secretariat The secretariat of the European Chamber is responsible for the daily operations and activities. Publications As a common platform for information and cooperation, the European Chamber publishes magazines and reports about the current experience of European businesses in China. These publications provide insights into current markets, key regulatory issues, industry-expert opinions, and notable social trends in China. European Business in China Position Paper. European Business in China Business Confidence Survey. EURObiz—Journal of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China. China's Innovation Ecosystem: the localisation dilemma Women in Business Report 2022 China's Innovation Ecosystem: Right for Many, But Not for All Carbon Neutrality: The Role of European Companies in China's Race to 2060 Flash Survey on COVID-19 and the War in Ukraine: Impact of European Business in China The Shape of Things to Come: The Race to Control Technical Standardisation Decoupling: Severed Ties and Patchwork Globalisation. In for the Long Haul: Developing A Sustainable Operating Environment for Airlines in China. The Road Less Travelled: European Involvement in China's Belt and Road Initiative. The Digital Hand: How China’s Corporate Social Credit System Conditions Market Actors. 18 Months Since Davos: How China's Vision Became a Reform Imperative. China Manufacturing 2025. Overcapacity in China: An Impediment to the Party’s Reform Agenda. Chinese Outbound Investment in the European Union. Dulling the Cutting Edge: How Patent-Related Policies and Practices Hamper Innovation. The Social and Economic Impact of Private Equity in China. Public procurement in China. Asia-Pacific Headquarters Study. History The European Chamber was founded on 19 October 2000, by 51 European companies in search of a common representative of their interests in China. The Chamber is also part of an expanding network of European Business Organisation Worldwide Network (EBOWWN). This network promotes interactions between members and host countries and establish closer relationships with the Commission. The original purpose of the Chamber was to monitor how China implemented its WTO commitments. According to the Chamber: "Foreign firms have long complained of an uneven playing field and an opaque regulatory environment when it comes to China." Mission The European Chamber is an organization that aims for better market access and improved operating conditions for the European Union companies operating in China. To this end, it reaches out to Chinese and European government authorities, think tanks, academics, international bodies, other chambers of commerce, and trade associations. The Chamber ensures awareness and compliance with relevant local laws, policies, and regulations. It also facilitates networking between its members, embassies, and Chinese interest groups. They oversee a network of companies and professionals, and help them exchange views and experiences regarding doing business in China. The European Chamber is primarily an advocacy organization that revolves around working groups and fora. These groups serve as a platform for the Chamber community and other local organizations, to foster understanding, share information, pursue common interests, promote trade and investment, and strengthen cooperation. References External links European Union Chamber of Commerce in China official website EBO Worldwide Network website Business organizations based in China Chambers of commerce in China Organizations related to the European Union European Free Trade Association China–European Union relations

3538877

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemy%3A%20An%20Index%20of%20Possibilities

Alchemy: An Index of Possibilities

Alchemy: An Index of Possibilities is the second solo studio album by David Sylvian, first released in December 1985 on cassette only as a limited edition. Alchemy is an intermediary album, released between his first solo album Brilliant Trees and his next solo album Gone to Earth, made up of two entirely separate projects recorded 1984 and 1985. It was re-issued in its original form on CD in Japan in 1991. Additionally, subsequent versions were released. First 1989 in the boxset Weatherbox, and a remastered version 2003, which added tracks from more different projects, thus somewhat adding to the release not being a singular distinct album. History The opening suite "Words with the Shaman" was simultaneously issued as a 12" EP, while "Steel Cathedrals" was used in a short film by Sylvian and Yasayuki Yamaguchi, shot in Tokyo, Japan, and released on VHS. The soundtrack features the voice of Jean Cocteau. The track “Preparations for a Journey” is from a Japanese autobiographical film of the same name, aired on Japanese television in February 1985. The film tracked Sylvian's career to that time. In 2003, the album was remastered and included two additional songs: "The Stigma of Childhood (Kin)", originally recorded for Gaby Agis's dance piece, Kin; premiered 8 September 1987 at Almeida Theatre in London. Also "A Brief Conversation Ending in Divorce". Both songs were originally released in 1989 on the Pop Song EP. In February 2019, as part of a redesigned monochrome sleeved vinyl reissue batch of his 80s albums, Alchemy - An Index of Possibilities was released with an earlier b/w photograph of Sylvian instead of the original artwork. No new mastering was done for this; the 2003 remaster was used. This was its first official release of the complete album on vinyl, save for a quickly withdrawn Australian pressing in the 80s. Background Sylvian was approached by a TV company 1984 to make a documentary about himself. "The idea didn’t appeal to me particularly but I was extremely short of money", he said 1984. So he did it, but “stretched the idea” to include sections of music and imagery. It was all made in a rush, but Sylvian liked one part, which became “Steel Cathedrals”: images of industrial buildings around Tokyo, shimmering and heaving with life, accompanied by a Sylvian/Sakamoto improvisation and all done in 48 hours. So he brought that back to London with him and began reworking the music. He wanted to release it as a video, but felt he should record some more music to give Virgin the possibility of releasing an LP. That led to “Words With The Shaman” – originally one long work but cut into three because it had "begun to over-reach itself … it sounded too much of a grand statement." “Words With the Shaman”, meanwhile, surfaced as an EP, and a cassette, ”Alchemy – An Index of Possibilities”, was released containing the music from both that and the video. Track listing Original cassette and Japanese CD pressings Weatherbox and 2003 CD pressings Personnel "Words with the Shaman": (Produced by David Sylvian and Nigel Walker) Recorded in London 1985. David Sylvian – keyboards, guitars, tapes Steve Jansen – drums, percussion, additional keyboards Jon Hassell – trumpet Holger Czukay – radio, dictaphone Percy Jones – fretless bass "Preparations For A Journey" (Produced by David Sylvian) Recorded in Tokyo 1984. Performed by David Sylvian "Steel Cathedrals": (Produced by David Sylvian) Recorded in Tokyo 1984 and London 1985. David Sylvian – keyboards, tapes, digital percussion Ryuichi Sakamoto – piano, strings Steve Jansen – percussion Kenny Wheeler – flugelhorn Robert Fripp – guitar Holger Czukay – dictaphone Masami Tsuchiya – "guitar abstractions" "A Brief Conversation Ending in Divorce": (Produced by David Sylvian and Steve Nye) Recorded 1989. David Sylvian – guitars, synthesisers, keyboard programming John Taylor – piano Stuart Bruce – computer programming "The Stigma of Childhood (Kin)"(Produced by David Sylvian) Recorded 1987 at home. The track was originally recorded for the Gaby Agis performance "Kin", premiered 8 September 1987 at Almeida Theatre in London. Performed by David Sylvian. References External links Steel Cathedrals part one – Part one of the video for "Steel Cathedrals". Steel Cathedrals part two – Part two of the video for "Steel Cathedrals". 1985 albums David Sylvian albums Virgin Records albums

4497995

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philaret%20Drozdov

Philaret Drozdov

Metropolitan Philaret (secular name Vasily Mikhaylovich Drozdov, Василий Михайлович Дроздов; 26 December 1782 – 1 December 1867) was Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna and the most influential figure in the Russian Orthodox Church for more than 40 years, from 1821 to 1867. He was canonized on 13 October 1994 and his feast day is celebrated on November 19. Life He was born in Kolomna as Vasily Drozdov (). His father was a member of the clergy. Vasily was educated at the seminary of Kolomna, where courses were taught in Latin; and then at the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra, and on the completion of his studies was at once appointed professor in the latter. He became preacher of the lavra in 1806, and in 1808, received the monastic tonsure and was named Philaret after Saint Philaret the Merciful. In 1809 he was appointed professor of theology in the ecclesiastical academy of Alexander Nevsky Lavra in St. Petersburg, becoming archimandrite in 1811 and director in 1812. The Events of 1812 produced a strong impression on Philaret; he explained the success of the Russians by moral reason and read a lecture on this theme in the "Society of friends of the Russian word". In 1813 he declaimed his famous speech on Kutuzov's death. He took monastic vows in 1817, and was soon consecrated bishop of Reval and then episcopal vicar of St. Petersburg. In 1819, he became Archbishop of Tver and a member of the Most Holy Synod. In the following year he was archbishop of Yaroslavl, and in 1821 was translated to Moscow, also becoming metropolitan in 1826. His daring utterances, however, brought him into imperial disfavor from 1845 until the accession of Alexander II. In 1855 he was restricted to the limits of his diocese. He is said to have prepared Alexander's proclamation freeing the serfs, and he enjoyed the reputation of being one of the leading pulpit orators of his time and country. He was the spiritual father of missionary hieromonk Macarius (Glukharyov) (1792–1847), canonized in 2000 for his role as "Apostle to the Altai". Philaret was responsible for some of the worst offences towards the Old Believers, including the misappropriation of churches and the sealing of the altars at the churches of the Rogozhskoye Cemetery, which was the administrative and spiritual center of the Belokrinitskoe Soglasie Old Believers. Philaret was also directly involved in the imprisonment of Old Believer hierarchs and monastics. Works Filaret was a prominent figure in preparing a Russian translation of the Bible (until his time, only a Church Slavonic version not readily understood by the general populace was available), and wrote many volumes of theological and historical works collectively known as the Filaretica. They include the Colloquy between a Believer and a Skeptic on the True Doctrine of the Greco-Russian Church (St. Petersburg, 1815); Compend of Sacred History (1816); Commentary on Genesis (1816); Attempt to Explain Psalm lxvii. (1818); Sermons delivered at Various Times (1820); Extracts from the Four Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles for Use in Lay Schools (1820); Christian Catechism (1823); Extracts from the Historical Books of the Old Testament (1828–30); Principles of Religious Instruction (1828); and New Collection of Sermons (1830–36). Filaret also wrote spiritual poems from an early age; his poetical correspondence with Pushkin is well known. References Nicholas S. Racheotes. The life and thought of Filaret Drozdov, 1782–1867: the thorny path to sainthood. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington, 2019. XXVI, 307 pp. External links Collection of links Metropolitan Filaret and the Russian religious philosophy Biography Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Filaret Filaret Members of the Russian Academy Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences Filaret Filaret Russian saints 19th-century Christian saints 19th-century Eastern Orthodox theologians

7263978

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambe%20Alabakovski

Lambe Alabakovski

Lambe Alabakovski (, ; born 15 November 1987, in Ljubojno, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Macedonian singer. Biography Alabakovski attended the Euro-College in Kumanovo. He won the M2 Production's Play: Search For A New Star 2004. He made it to the finals and performed the hit "Spasi Me" ("Save Me"), composed by Darko Dimitrov and won by the televoting audience. Alabakovski was signed to the M2 Production's label. In 2005, Alabakovski recorded his next single, "Kade Pesno Moja" ("Where, My Song"), a cover of a song by Slave Dimitrov, which was the first Macedonian song to be sold as an internet download. In 2005, Alabakovski, along with former M2 colleague, Aleksandra Pileva, traveled to Braşov, Romania to participate in the Golden Stag Festival. He performed his Macedonian hit "Kade Pesno Moja" and a Romanian song called "Dragostea Mea". Later that year in October, he took part in the annual Macedonia festival, Makfest 2005, where he promoted his new song "Eh Da Mozam" ("If I Could"). During the holidays, Alabakovski released another single called "Kazano E Sè" ("Everything is Said"). During February 2006, Alabakovski took part in a charity song called "Otvori Oci" ("Open Your Eyes") written by Darko Dimitrov, in which the Macedonian divas Elena Risteska, Kaliopi, as well as Aleksandra Pileva, Adrian Gaxha and Maja Grozdanovska-Pancheva participated. Shortly after that, MKTV revealed the list of participants for the national Macedonian Eurovision selection for 2006 and Alabakovski was a participant with the song "More od Solzi" ("Sea of Tears") written by Darko Dimitrov and lyrics by Elena Risteska. In March, Alabakovski and nineteen other artists took the stage in Skopje to compete for first place. He scored third place with 5282 points. Alabakovski released his debut album titled More od Solzi, which contained 10 song composed of his past hits and some new material. In June, he competed in the Budva festival in Montenegro with a Serbian song and in a duet with Aleksandra Pileva. They reached the final with "Da Mogu Vreme Vratiti" and finished in 12th place. Alabakovski competed at Skopje Fest 2007, the Macedonian Eurovision Song Selection. He performed the song "Belo e Se" which was written by Elena Risteska and composed by Robert Bilbilov. The song gained 101 points, placing Alabakovski in third position for a consecutive year. Alabakovski competed in the Macedonian Eurovision qualifier on 23 February 2008, with the song "Zemjo Moja". Personal life Alabakovski moved to the US where he married his Macedonian-American girlfriend, Magdalena Jovčeska, in 2013. They have two sons together. The family returned to North Macedonia in 2021. Controversy On 7 June 2022, he was arrested by police officers in Bitola, regarding the case of the fire at the Bulgarian cultural center "Ivan Mihaylov" in the city. Searches were conducted in his home, during which items related to the crime were found and confiscated. Alabakovski fully admitted the crime and later criminal charges were filed against him. The incident was condemned by the presidents and prime ministers of both countries. The club itself sent a letter of protest to the embassies of the US and EU member states in North Macedonia. He was put in custody and had his passport revoked, which was replaced by house arrest, until he was released on 14 June. On 4 July, during the 2022 North Macedonia protests, he symbolically burned in Skopje the Treaty of Good Neighbourhood with Bulgaria, the Prespa Agreement with Greece and the French proposal for the start of the negotiation process of North Macedonia and EU. According to him, these documents are fascist. This came on the third day of protests organized by the nationalist opposition against the EU's proposal to approve the country's negotiating framework. On September 7, 2022, he was given a six-month suspended sentence. On 20 April 2023 in a podcast, commenting the incident he says: "Seen from today's perspective, I am very joyful and happy with what I did...". Discography Albums More od Solzi Vrati mi go Srceto Da ne te Ljubev (2009) Singles Spasi Me (Save Me) Kade Pesno Moja (Where, My Song?) Eh Da Mozam (If I Could) Kazano E Se (It's All Said) More od solzi (Sea of tears) I Posle Se (And After Everything) Belo e Se (Everything's White) Vrati Mi Go Srceto ft. Darko Dimitrov (Give Me Back My Heart) Zemjo Moja (My Land) Se e po staro (Everything is same) Da ne te ljubev (If I didn't love you) Najdobro do sega feat Elena Risteska (The best ever ) Bidi prijatel nas – oficijalna himna na SOS, Makedonija (Be our friend -the official anthem of SOS, Macedonia ) Zar ne e dobro (Isn't it good) Koga sonce gree, placham (When the sun shines, I cry) Awards (2006) Hit of the Year for the song "More od Solzi" (as voted by the listeners of Radio Fortuna) References External links Lambe Alabakovski M2 Productions Page M2 Productions Gallery 1987 births 21st-century Macedonian male singers Macedonian pop singers Living people People from Resen Municipality People convicted of arson

22572499

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPC%20ECO

SPC ECO

SPC ECO (pronounced Space Echo) are a British shoegaze band formed in 2007. The band consists of Dean Garcia (bass, drums, guitar and programming), formerly of Curve, and his daughter Rose Berlin (vocals); and a long list of "friends and collaborators" including: Joey Levenson, Perry Pelonero, Jarek Leskiewicz, Debbie Smith, Steve Monti, Harry K G, Preston Maddox, Russell Keeble, Ed Shearmur, Alan Moulder, Masa at Quince Japan, Julian Baker, Anne Baker, Freddie Lomaz, Slade Templeton, J P Wombbaby, Alex Keevil, Jo Neale, Zac, Laura and Em, Robin Allport, Gary Crowley, Chris McCormack, Baxter, Merlin Rhys Jones, Chris Rigg, Phill Savidge, Jo Murray, and John Howarrd Fletcher. Discography All releases are issued on ELaB Records (aka Eco Lab Recordings), an independent label owned and operated by Dean Garcia; with the exception of the You're Alright / Another Day single issued on Club AC30. 3-D was also released on Noiseplus Music, Quince Records, Electric; and the Silver Clouds EP was released on Electric. The single "Push" from the Push EP was featured on "BBC London Introducing: The best in new music with Gary Crowley". on 26 January 2013. Crowley commented "We played them before to always a good reaction; Rose likes twisters and Marcel Duchamp, Dean likes eating biscuits and staying up late." A review by Wave Maker Magazine stated "Push is undeniably one of those songs that automatically has the ability to put you into a trance, and for all of the right reasons." Albums 3-D (2009; 1 January 2010) Alternative Mixes and Remixes (16 September 2010) You Tell Me (1 November 2011) Dark Notes (18 August 2012) Sirens and Satellites (18 September 2013) The Art of Pop (28 June 2014) Dark Matter (3 May 2015) All We Have Is Now (25 March 2016) Anomalies (12 August 2016) Calm (22 August 2017) Fifteen (15 February 2019) 6月LP (1 June 2020) Day By Day (18 June 2021) Times Like These (16 July 2021) Be The Change (22 July 2022) EPs Silver Clouds (5 May 2010) Out of the Sky (25 September 2010) Big Fat World (10 May 2011) Don't Say (10 March 2012) Push (12 December 2012) Zombie (30 September 2014) Smile (8 July 2015) Favorite Colour (12 August 2016) Ours (17 August 2016) Singles "You're Alright / Another Day" (2007) "Silent Night" (2010) "Ave Verum Corpus" (2011) "Hollow Talk" (2012) "Because" (2013) "Fallen Stars" (2013) "Delusional Waste" (2013) "Fuck You" (2014) "2+2=5" (2014) "Hear Me Now" (2015) "Feel Me" (2015) Compilation albums SPC and Time Vol. 1 (2015) SPC and Time Vol. 2 (2015) Remixes The Art Of Pop Remixes + (2014) References External links British shoegaze musical groups English electronic music groups English indie rock groups English post-punk music groups Musical groups established in 2007

39703883

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan%27an%20Road

Yan'an Road

Yan'an Road (; Shanghainese: Yi'ue Lu) is a road in Shanghai, a major east–west thoroughfare through the centre of the city. The modern Yan'an Road is in three sections, reflecting three connected streets which existed pre-1945: Avenue Edward VII, Avenue Foch and the Great Western Road. The streets were joined together under a common name by the Republic of China government in 1945, then renamed in the early 1950s after the Chinese Communist Party took over Shanghai. The road is named after Yan'an, the Communist base during the Chinese Civil War. East Yan'an Road East Yan'an Road stretches from the southern end of the Bund in the east to Xizang Road (near People's Square and the customary centre of urban Shanghai) in the west. Yan'an Road East follows the course of an ancient canal, the West Yangjing Bang (the East Yangjing Bang was on the east side of the Huangpu River; the two were more closely connected when the Huangpu River was a small tributary of the larger Suzhou Creek). The Yangjing Bang (also Yang-ching-pang and Yang-king-pang) was the boundary between the British Concession (later part of the Shanghai International Settlement) to the north, and the Shanghai French Concession in the south. It was also close to the walled Chinese city. The mix of nationalities in this area gave rise to the Chinese name "Yangjing Bang English" for Chinese Pidgin English. In 1914–15, authorities in the two concessions co-operated to fill in the Yangjing Bang. The former canal along with the two narrow roads which ran alongside it together became a wide avenue and a major thoroughfare. In 1916, the two authorities agreed to name the new road "Avenue Edward VII", after Edward VII of the United Kingdom. In 1943, as part of a wholesale renaming of "Western" road names in Shanghai, the puppet government collaborating with the Japanese occupation renamed the road "Great Shanghai Road". In 1945, the Republic of China government, after recovering Shanghai at the end of World War II, renamed the road Zhongzheng Road East, after Chiang Kai-shek. The new Communist government of Shanghai renamed it Yan'an Road East in 1950 as part of the wholesale renaming of roads and parks named after Kuomintang figures. The eastern end of Yan'an Road East features a group of historic skyscrapers dating from the early 20th century. Further west, the road is today mainly lined with large contemporary skyscrapers, as well as several government office buildings. Other important historic sites along Yan'an Road East include the Shanghai Natural History Museum, the Great World entertainment centre, and the Shanghai Concert Hall. Central Yan'an Road Central Yan'an Road also follows the course of a small canal (Chang Bang). The canal also became the boundary between the International Settlement and the French Concession after the two concessions expanded west in 1899 and 1914 respectively. In 1920, the canal was filled in, and the concession authorities agreed to name it "Avenue Foch", after French marshal Ferdinand Foch. In 1943 it was renamed "Luoyang Road", in 1945 it was renamed "Zhongzheng Road Central", after Chiang Kai-shek, then renamed Yan'an Road Central in 1950. Yan'an Road Central is lined with commercial and residential buildings. Major landmarks include the Russian neo-classical Shanghai Exhibition Centre West Yan'an Road West Yan'an Road stretches from the western end of central Shanghai to Hongqiao Airport, in what was once the western suburbs of Shanghai, but now largely urbanised. Yan'an Road West was built by the International Settlement's municipal council in two part. The eastern part in 1910 within the western extension of the International Settlement by filling in another canal, the Chaixing Bang. The western part was an "extra-settlement road", built in 1922 beyond the western boundary of the concession (a de facto land grab to extend concession authority beyond the agreed boundaries). The road was named the Great Western Road. In 1943 it was renamed "Chang'an Road", then in 1945 it became Zhongzheng Road West, and in 1950, Yan'an Road West. The east end of Yan'an Road West features a number of historic mansions, such as Kadoorie's House. To the west, Yan'an Road West once provided access to a number of large suburban estates and country retreats owned or used by members of the International Settlement's elites, including a golf club which is now the Shanghai Zoo. At its western end was a small aerodrome. Today, the road passes through several clusters of large commercial buildings including a large number of hotels, as well as several retreats set in large green spaces reserved for the use of the Communist Party and army elites. It was expanded to Huqingping Highway in 1995 alongside the Xuhong Railway from Gubei Road at Hongqiao Road. At its western end, it stops at Huqingping Highway (as well as the Outer Ring Road) and goes towards Hongqiao Road, which then become Yingbinyi Road, the entrance road to Hongqiao International Airport Terminal 1. West Yan'an Road Station at Kaixuan Road is a Shanghai Metro station. Post 1950 developments In 1989, the Yan'an Road East Tunnel was built, connecting Yan'an Road to Lujiazui in Pudong, on the east side of the Huangpu River. Between 1995 and 1997, an elevated expressway was built along Yan'an Road, as the east–west axis of an urban elevated expressway network, beginning in the west at Hongqiao Airport and ending in the east with a left turn down a ramp onto the surface road of the Bund. In 2008, to improve the streetscape in this part of the city, the easternmost section of the expressway, from just east of the Shanghai Natural History Museum to the Bund, was demolished, replaced in part by the Bund Tunnel, a tunnel via which cars were funneled into a new underground roadway under the Bund. In 2017, a bus rapid transit line called Yan'an Road Medium Capacity Transit System (Route 71) opened along of Yan'an Road with 25 stops. The line is operated with trolley buses running on dedicated transit lanes along the surface-level roadway (i.e. under the elevated expressway). See also Yan'an Elevated Road Bund Tunnel East Yan'an Road Tunnel References Streets in Shanghai

1150046

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echeveria

Echeveria

Echeveria is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae, native to semi-desert areas of Central America, Mexico and northwestern South America. Description Plants may be evergreen or deciduous. Flowers on short stalks (cymes) arise from compact rosettes of succulent fleshy, often brightly coloured leaves. Species are polycarpic, meaning that they may flower and set seed many times over the course of their lifetimes. Often numerous offsets are produced, and are commonly known as "hen and chicks", which can also refer to other genera, such as Sempervivum, that are significantly different from Echeveria. Many species of Echeveria serve important environmental roles, such as those of host plants for butterflies. For example, the butterfly Callophrys xami uses several species of Echeveria, such as Echevelia gibbiflora, for suitable host plants. Even more, these plants are integral to the oviposition process of C. xami and some other butterfly species as well. Etymology Echeveria is named for Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy, a botanical illustrator who contributed to Flora Mexicana. Taxonomy The genus was erected by A. P. de Candolle in 1828, and is named after the 18th century Mexican botanical artist Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy. , the genus consists of about 150 species, including genera such as Oliveranthus and Urbinia that have formerly been split off from Echeveria. Molecular phylogenetic studies have repeatedly shown the genus not to be monophyletic: species of Echeveria cluster with species of Cremnophila, Graptopetalum, Pachyphytum, and Thompsonella as well as species of Sedum sect. Pachysedum. The former Urbinia species do appear to form a monophyletic group within this grouping. Although it is clear that Echeveria is not monophyletic, its limits are not clear, and further analyses are needed to determine whether and how the genus should be split, or if it should be included in an expanded concept of Sedum. Species The International Crassulaceae Network accepts the following species: Cultivation Many Echeveria species are popular as ornamental garden plants. They are drought-resistant, although they do better with regular deep watering and fertilizing. Most will tolerate shade and some frost, although hybrids tend to be less tolerant. Most lose their lower leaves in winter; as a result, after a few years, the plants lose their compact appearance and need to be re-rooted or propagated. In addition, if not removed, the shed leaves may decay, harboring fungus that can then infect the plant. Propagation They can be propagated easily by separating offsets, but also by leaf cuttings, and by seed if they are not hybrids. Cultivars and Hybrids Echeveria has been extensively bred and hybridized. The following is a selection of available plants. ‘Arlie Wright’ ‘Black Prince’ ‘Blue Heron’ ‘Blue Surprise’ (E. × gilva) 'Crimson Tide' ‘Dondo’ ‘Doris Taylor’ ‘Ebony’ (E. agavoides cultivar) ‘Frank Reinelt’ ‘Hoveyi’ ‘Lipstick’ (E. agavoides cultivar) ‘Oliver’ (E. pulvinata cultivar) ‘Opalina’ ‘Painted Lady’ ‘Perle von Nürnberg’ ‘Paul Bunyan’ ‘Red’ (E. × gilva) ‘Ruberia’ ‘Set-Oliver’ ‘Tippy’ ‘Victor Reiter’ (E. agavoides cultivar) ‘Wavy Curls’ ‘Worfield Wonder’ (E. × derosa) Award winning The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit: Echeveria agavoides Echeveria chihuahuaensis Echeveria derenbergii Echeveria elegans Echeveria ‘Perle von Nürnberg’ Echeveria runyonii ‘Topsy Turvy’ Echeveria secunda var. glauca ‘Compton Carousel’ Echeveria setosa Echeveria × bombycina Formerly in Echeveria Dudleya – Alwin Berger placed this as a subtaxon of Echeveria, and species within were described as Echeveria. Graptopetalum paraguayense (N.E.Br.) E.Walther (as E. weinbergii hort. ex T.B.Sheph.) Pachyveria clavifolia (as E. clavifolia) Reidmorania occidentalis (as E. kimnachii) Photo gallery References External links Flora Mexicana via Biodiversity Library Crassulaceae genera Succulent plants Taxa named by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle

30102920

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaz%20Kabair

Mutaz Kabair

Mutaz Kabair or alternatively Motaz Kabier (born 15 January 1980 in Khartoum) is a Sudanese football player currently playing for Jazzerat Al Feel in the Sudan Premier League. Kabair started his career in Shendi in the 3rd Infantry Division known as the 10th district of Ishlaq Alqiyada, where the mother of the armed forces of the people and grew up in the fields of the leadership district and played the youth links with the Nile Valley team Bashandi (1) Previous season (1992-1993). His first contract was signed with Al Ittihad Shendi, who became the name of the supplier Shendi and then his current name Shendi defense for six years without charge. He played in the league only one season in 1994 and contributed to the rise of the third division to the second and participated with the club In 11 games and scored 11 goals by winning the top scorer. In the 1995 season Al Ahli Shendi (1st Class) contracted with Kabair for 750,000 Sudanese pounds for 4 years and a major problem in the driving field because he moved without Nadia Al Ittihad's approval. As the players in the neighborhood teams belong only to their teams and do not transfer to any club Problems have reached the district limit of the neighborhood and any penalty has resulted in the player being suspended. However, on the first day of his new game against Hilal Shendi, he was openly fired and participated in his first match against Al-hilal Shendi. In his first season, he participated in 14 games and scored 12 goals, and won the league's top scorer. In my first local and local Sudan Cup season, 1995-1996 was playing in the midfield. Clubs In the 1996–1997 season, the newly promoted Merrikh Port Sudan club entered the Sudanese Premier League with Kabair for 7 million Sudanese pounds for four years. In his first season with the club he participated in nine matches and scored one goal and was playing in the midfield. / 1998 with Al-Merrikh Port Sudan and the league was a two-group system that participated with the club in midfield in 6 games and scored two goals. In his third season 1998–1999 with Al-Merrikh Port Sudan, in which he participated in the attack, his real start to fame, stardom and lights, he participated in 24 matches and scored 16 goals, and won the title of top scorer in the Premier League. AL-Hilal led the club to third place in the Rolit Premier League behind Al-MerrikhOmdurman Al Hilal as a runner-up in that season, making it the club to represent Sudan in the African Cup of Nations and scored this season 3 goals against the Al-Merrikh and team in the Khartoum game lost 2/3 and Port Sudan, Ended with a 4–0 victory as Kabair scored two goals, drawing the attention of the traditional peer Al-Hilal Omdurman. Kabair went to Al-Hilal after his fierce rival from Mars on December 15, 1999, with 85 million Sudanese pounds. He played his first match against Al-Hilal against Marikh Al-Aobied in February 2000. He scored the goals of the match, participated in 26 matches, and scored 15 goals. Sudanese Premier League for the second time in a row and second place with Al Hilal. In his second season with Al-Hilal in 2001–2002, he participated in 23 games and scored 14 goals in which he won the title of top scorer for the third time in a row and led the club to win the Premier League after the absence of this tournament was the beginning of the series of Al Hilal winning the Premier League. In the 2002–2003 season, Kabair participated in 25 games and scored 15 goals in which he led Al-Hilal Al-Osmi to win the Premier League for the second time in a row and achieved an unprecedented achievement. He won the top scorer in the Sudanese league for the fourth time in a row. In this same year, he participated with Al Hilal in the Prince Faisal Arab Championship in Tunisia in its final version, where he won with Al-Hilal second place behind the Tunisian stadium. In the 2003–2004 season, he participated in 8 matches (first-leg matches only) and scored 12 goals. On 29/7/2004, Kabair was loaned to Hatta Emirates Club (2nd Division) for 10 months for $65,000. He participated in the UAE club in 21 games and scored 22 goals and won the league's top scorer behind the Brazilian player Jadielson, knowing that the Brazilian played six more games in the semi-finals that did not qualify for the club Hatta. In May 2005 Kabair returned to Al-Hila Omdurman and participated with him in seven games and scored 6 goals. On Monday 2/1/2006 the player was rewarded and returned to the UAE League again but this time through the gate of the UAE club Ras Al Khaimah as a loan for 6 months. 6 matches were only remaining for the club in the league and scored 5 goals. In June 2006, Kabair returned to the Al-Hilal Al-Osmi club, participated in 6 matches, and scored 5 goals. On Monday 14/1/2008, Jazeerat Alfeel Club contracted with him for one season for 50 million Sudanese pounds and participated in 10 games and scored two goals. International career Kabair played his first international match for Sudan in 2001 Sudan against Chad in the International Friendship Championship. He scored a goal and won with the friendly tournament in Khartoum. Participated with the Sudan team in qualifying qualifiers for the Nations of Africa and qualifying World Cup qualifiers for the 2002 World Cup in Korea and Japan. During Ramadan in 2004, Kabair scored a goal with the Sudanese national team against Tanzania in the SeaCafa (East and Central Africa) after a close shot in the middle of the pitch. Kabair has played for Sudan in 15 games and scored 6 international goals. References External links Living people Sudanese men's footballers Hatta Club players 1980 births Al-Hilal Club (Omdurman) players UAE First Division League players Men's association football forwards Sudan men's international footballers Sportspeople from Khartoum

8124197

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20Belize

Radio Belize

The Broadcasting Corporation of Belize, otherwise known as Radio Belize (using the call-sign of VPM; no relation to the current VPM-FM), was a radio station in Belize that shut down in November 1998. Until the 1980s it was Belize's only radio station. Beginnings The BCB began as the British Honduras Broadcasting Service, modeled on the home country's British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Amandala columnist Selvin "Smokey Joe" Wade remembers the station by its original callsign, ZIK 2, with which it signed on in the 1930s. At this stage it played mainly music from abroad. With the rise of the nationalist movement efforts were made to bring the BHBS closer to Belizean identity and it assumed the name Radio Belize. The Sefe Coleman era Edison Denburg Clifford Coleman, better known to Belizeans as "Sefe", entered the radio business in the 1960s and completely revolutionized radio in Belize. He was very popular and funny and was Belize's foremost comedian. Coleman was a mainstay of Radio Belize through the 1980s until his death in 1994. Son Gerard Coleman has followed him into the radio business at LOVE FM and Positive Vibes. During this time Radio Belize was considered the official voice of the ruling People's United Party. Radio Belize entertained Belizeans with a variety of music. In that era television broadcasting was unavailable in Belize, so the population was dependent on the only radio station in the country for entertainment and news. Popular programs from the BBC stable included "Portia Faces Life", and Doctor Paul which were aired daily and nightly. The Belize Radio One experiment and brand extension With the accession of the UDP in 1984, Radio Belize began to experiment with being more of a culture-oriented station rather than simply playing music. Now known as Belize Radio One, it mixed contemporary music with chatter from local radio personalities: Debbie Tillett, Mike Nicholson, Rudy Aguilar, Andy Palacio, Paul Mahung, and in the 1990s, Silvana Woods, Clover Broderick and Brian Mossiah. But the revamped Belize Radio One, even with a new television wing, still found trouble holding its own against the all-music format of KREM Radio, established in 1989. The government first tried privatizing the BCB and then extending its brand to include an all-music station named Friends FM, but with the proliferation of radio stations in Belize and an increase in technology, the BCB was rapidly becoming obsolete. General Manager Rene Villanueva Sr. resigned in 1992 after helming the BCB for two years and working there for 23. Limping to the finish line As it entered its last decade the BCB seemed anachronistic compared to other local stations. While still owning some of the best equipment in Belizean radio at that time, it could not handle the introduction of competitive and new formats of radio. All that remained was to shut it down, and after one last act of service—informing the nation of the progress of 1998's Hurricane Mitch—DJ Neil Hall (and, according to Villanueva, himself and Patrick Jones) shut down at noon Central Standard Time (18:00 G.M.T.) on 30 November 1998. The equipment was bidded out and purchased by LOVE FM and KREM Radio, respectively. While the BCB itself is defunct, former employees are still to be found on the Belizean airwaves, working for other stations. LOVE FM is unique in this respect; former BCB manager Villanueva now owns and operates that station and Mossiah, Terry Gordon, Ruben Morales Iglesias and some other veterans work there. Mike Nicholson worked for FM 2000 and now for Positive Vibes FM. In this way, the BCB remains, as its slogan says, "The Voice of Belize." Frequencies Radio Belize Ladyville, Belize District: AM 834 kHz (shifted to 830 in the early 1980s), FM 91.1 MHz. Punta Gorda, Toledo District: FM 88.3 MHz International: shortwave radio (90 m "tropical band") 3.285 MHz Friends FM (all frequencies in MHz) Belize City, Belize District: 91.3 Independence, Stann Creek District: 94.7 Ladyville, Belize District: 88.9 Reference and external links Article originally written by Don Moore in the January 1989 Monitoring Times with a 1996 addendum Channel 5's G. Michael Reid on losing the BCB Radio World's frequency listings for Belize Radio stations in Belize Defunct radio stations 1998 disestablishments in Belize Government of Belize People's United Party Defunct_mass_media_in_Belize

34408107

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady%20Li

Lady Li

Lady Li (李夫人, died between 104 and 101 BC), also rendered as Li Fu-jēn, was a Han dynasty concubine of Emperor Wu. Civil unrest broke out between her family and Wei Zifu's family. Moreover, her siblings defected to the Xiongnu and became traitors to China. As a result, Emperor Wu ordered her relatives to be tried and executed, leading to the downfall of her and her family. Biography As concubine She was allegedly the inspiration for The Beauty Song, composed by her brother Li Yannian. Lady Li's brother Li Yannian was a musician for Princess Pingyang. After he performed The Beauty Song () for Emperor Wu, the Emperor asked Li Yannian if he knew of such a woman, to which Princess Pingyang responded that the song was about Li's sister. The Emperor thus requested to meet with Lady Li, and she became one of his concubines. She had one son named Bo (髆). However, although composed in the persona of Han Wudi, there is doubt as to the actual authorship of this and similar poems. Treason and execution of her family In the civil unrest between the Li family and Empress Wei Zifu's family, several of Li's relatives were killed and executed. At the time Empress Wei Zifu was the head wife of Liu Che, and Wei and Li were jealous of each other. Moreover, Li Guangli later surrendered to the Xiongnu circa 90-89 BC and was accused of being a traitor. His grandson Li Ling also defected to the Xiongnu. Li's family was then tried and executed for treason. With the suicide of Emperor Wu's crown prince Liu Ju in 91 BC, her son Liu Bo was among the candidates for the title of crown prince. However, the title ultimately went to young Liu Fuling, who succeeded Emperor Wu as Emperor Zhao of Han. In any case, Liu Bo predeceased his father. Her grandson, Liu Bo's son, Prince He of Changyi, was enthroned as emperor as Emperor Zhao's successor, but was removed from his position after 27 days by Huo Guang. Li's grandson was impeached on 1127 charges of misconduct committed, and afterwards, Li's grandson was not included on the official historical list of Han emperors. Death At the end of her life, Lady Li became gravely ill. She refused to allow Emperor Wu to see her face, citing the loss of her beauty. Upon Wudi's urging, Li went further and refused to even speak. As such, Wudi left unhappily. The lady's sisters then admonished her for not allowing the emperor to see her face. The date of Lady Li's death is unrecorded, but is calculated to be between 104 and 101 BC, as her brother Li Guangli was sent to attack Dayuan twice during this period, and it was recorded that Lady Li had passed away before Li Guangli returned from his second expedition. But soon later Li Guangli and Li Ling defected to the Xiongnu, and her family was executed for treason. Remembrance Because of her short but vibrant life, the emperor had her named the goddess of the Hollyhock blossom. She was said to be beautiful and sweet, just like the blossom. Popular culture Portrayed by Zhan Jie in the 1990 TV series Han Wudi Portrayed by He Jiayi in the 2000 BMN TV series The Prince of Han Dynasty Portrayed by Gao Tingting in the 2005 CCTV TV series The Emperor in Han Dynasty Portrayed by Zhang Xuan in the 2014 Zhejiang Huace Film and Now TV collaborative TV series The Virtuous Queen of Han Portrayed by Fala Chen in the 2014 HT TV series Sound of the Desert See also Hanjian Notes References M. Loewe, Crisis and Conflict in Han China Rexroth, Kenneth (1970). Love and the Turning Year: One Hundred More Poems from the Chinese. New York: New Directions. Book of Han, vol. 97, Part 1. Records of the Grand Historian, volume 49 100s BC deaths Year of birth unknown Year of death uncertain 2nd-century BC Chinese women 2nd-century BC Chinese people Han dynasty posthumous empresses

621341

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister%20of%20Energy%20and%20Natural%20Resources

Minister of Energy and Natural Resources

The minister of energy and natural resources () is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). In addition to NRCan, the minister oversees the federal government's natural resources portfolio, which includes Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, the Canada Energy Regulator, and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, as well as the Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore and the Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Boards. The Energy Supplies Allocation Board and the Northern Pipeline Agency also report to the Minister as required. The current minister of energy and natural resources is Jonathan Wilkinson, since October 26, 2021. This position was established in 1995 under the Department of Natural Resources Act, S.C. 1994, c. 41, which merged the positions of the minister of energy, mines and resources and minister of forestry. History Prior to 1995, the responsibilities of the current natural resources portfolio were divided between the minister of energy, mines and resources and the minister of forestry, both posts which are now defunct. With the transfer of the Canadian Forest Service from the Department of Forestry to the Department of Agriculture, the forestry portfolio came under the minister of agriculture between 1984 and 1985, then back to the minister of the environment from 1985. It became a single department in 1989 and then designated to the minister of energy, mines and resources in 1990. In 1994, the Department of Natural Resources Act, S.C. 1994, c. 41, provided for the creation of the minister of natural resources, with authority to carry out matters previously undertaken by the minister of forestry and the minister of energy, mines and resources. Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources The minister of energy, mines, and resources () was a member of the Cabinet from 1966 to 1995. Prior to 1966, the responsibility related to Canadian mines and natural resources resided in various ministers: Minister of the Interior (1873–1936) Minister of Mines (1907–36) Minister of Mines and Resources (1936–50) Minister of Resources and Development (1950–53) Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys (1950–66) Minister of Northern Affairs and National Resources (1953–62) The emerging role of energy development in federal policy would become more prominent in 1966, when that responsibility was adopted by the natural resources portfolio, whereupon the minister of mines and technical surveys was abolished and the minister of energy, mines and resources was established in its place by Statute 14-15 Eliz. II, c. 25—which received royal assent on 16 June 1966 and proclaimed in-force on October 1 later that year. Three decades later, in 1995, the energy, mines and resources portfolio merged with that of forestry to form the current minister of natural resources, under the Department of Natural Resources Act, S.C. 1994, c. 41—which received royal assent on December 15, 1994. Minister of Forestry The minister of forestry was an office in the Cabinet from 1962 to 1966 and again from 1990 to 1995. Between 1966 and 1990, the holder was known as the minister of forestry and rural development. Prior to 1962, the responsibility for forestry resided in various ministers: Minister of the Interior (1873–1936) Minister of Mines and Resources (1936–50) Minister of Resources and Development (1950–53) Minister of Northern Affairs and National Resources (1953–62) The position of minister of forestry was first created in 1962, late in John Diefenbaker's premiership. It lasted into the government of Lester B. Pearson. In 1971, during the first mandate of Pierre Trudeau's government, responsibility for forestry along with fisheries merged into the minister of the environment, briefly renamed as minister of fisheries and the environment from 1976 to 1979, minister of state (environment) from 1977 to 1979, and then minister of the environment again from 1979 to 1984. In 1989, during the second mandate of Brian Mulroney's government, the second incarnation of the Department of Forestry was established under the Department of Forestry Act (assented to 21 December 1989). In 1995, during the first mandate of Jean Chrétien's government, the forestry portfolio was merged with that of the minister of energy, mines, and resources to create the post of minister of natural resources. During the cabinet shuffle of July 26th 2023, this title was expanded to become the Minister of Energy and Natural Resources. List of ministers Key: See also Natural Resources Canada List of forestry ministries References Natural Resources Natural Resources Canada Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Natural Resources

11802231

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas%20Goche

Nicholas Goche

Nicholas Tasunungurwa Goche (born 1 August 1946) is a Zimbabwean politician. He is the former Minister of Transport. Previously he was Minister of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare. Diplomacy/foreign affairs In the 1980s and early 1990s Goche advocated positive relations with foreign countries and he met with many foreign leaders throughout 1991, 1992, 1993 and 1994. In January 1995, Goche said in an interview with the ZBC that François Mitterrand "was not an honest man" and "never kept his word." By contrast he said that "John Major never asked anything that was unreasonable and he was always happy to oblige when we asked him for things." He described Bill Clinton as "not trustworthy." Going further he added that "John Major is the only trustworthy western leader." He also described John Major as "sensible and fair-minded" and as "a true friend of Zimbabwe." He said that on United Nations Security Council Resolution 943 "it was thoroughly implied to me personally, I was very much led to believe, that France would abstain. Major's guys, I knew how they would vote, they explained to me their reasons, they were very courteous, wholesome men, I got where they were coming from, they were going to vote yes, they and I respectfully disagreed about the situation, okay, fair enough. But at least they were square with me. They were going to vote yes, okay. But Mitterand's people basically told me, not explicitly, which I see in hindsight was on purpose, but they basically told me they were going to do one thing and then they did another." Adding later, "It was pretty shady." Nathan Shamuyarira was officially the Minister of Foreign Affairs but was considered to constantly be in extreme dereliction of duty, and delegated virtually all of his actual duties to Nicholas Goche and Stan Mudenge. In the early 1990s Zimbabwe's economy suffered due to a region-wide drought, causing Zimbabwe's GDP to fall from $8.784 billion (USD) in 1990 to $6.891 billion (USD) in 1994. Seeking to remedy this, Goche and Mudenge sought economic relief from wealthier western countries in 1994 and 1995. The four countries approached were the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany. According to Goche and Mudenge the United States, Germany and France said they would not contribute in any way. Goche remarked in an interview with the ZBC "The Americans would have nothing to do with us as of 1993, the Germans were indifferent and distant, they acted like we were bothering them. The French were downright snotty about it. They (the French) were the only ones who were actually just disrespectul towards us as individuals. The only help we got was from the British. They were real friends about it. Every time Major told me he would do something he did it." In conjunction with Stan Mudenge and Nicholas Goche, the United Kingdom administration of John Major channeled large amounts of foreign direct investment into Zimbabwe to help revive Zimbabwe's economy. The investment was targeted to specific areas of the economy. As a result of this the size of the Zimbabwe's GDP grew from $6.891 billion in late 1994 to $8.53 billion (USD) by early 1997. 1995 Parliamentary Election In 1995 Goche ran for Parliament to be the MP for Shamva. His opponent was Godfrey Mumbamarwo of the ZANU-PF Ndonga faction. Goche won the election 27,330 to 1,461 (94.9% of the vote for Goche, 5.1% of the vote for Mumbamarwo.) Minister of Transport Minister of Transport and Infrastructure Development. He served during the tenure of Robert Mugabe who replaced him in 2014 with Prisca Mupfumira after he was accused of trying to kill the President as part of a coup. Biography Secretary-general, Rhodesian Explosive and Chemical Workers Union, 1968–70; Assistant personnel officer, payroll employees and welfare, Zimbabwe Phosphate Industries Ltd, 1970–74; Personnel officer, ZIMPHOS, 1974–77; Exile, 1977–80; Senior administrative officer, Zimbabwean Embassy, Washington, 1980–83; Under-Secretary, Eastern Europe, Asia and the Pacific, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1984; Ambassador, Romania and Bulgaria, 1984–87; Ambassador, People's Republic of China, 1987–90; Deputy Secretary, Political and Economic Affairs, Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1990–91; Assistant, Embassy in New York, 1991–92; Deputy Secretary for Production, ZANU-PF Mashonaland Central, 1994; Deputy Minister, Foreign Affairs, 1995–00; Minister of State, National Security, 2000–05; Minister of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare, 2005–09; Minister of Transport, 2008 to 2013. Goche was one of the negotiating team behind the unity government and helped maintain Mugabe in power while, as a former head of the Central Intelligence Organisation, he served as Minister of State for National Security. Since 2003, he is placed on European Union and United States sanctions lists. Goche was the ZANU-PF candidate for the House of Assembly seat from Shamva North constituency in the March 2008 parliamentary election. He won by an overwhelming margin, receiving 10,385 votes against two MDC opponents, Chimombe Godfree and Matibiri Anderson, who respectively received 1,354 and 1,173 votes. Along with Goche, Chinamasa was one of the negotiators sent by ZANU-PF to the talks between political parties that began in Pretoria on 10 July 2008, following the disputed re-election of President Robert Mugabe. When the ZANU-PF–MDC national unity government was sworn in on 13 February 2009, Goche was moved to the position of Minister of Transport. As a result of a dispute between Nelson Chamisa, the Minister of Information and Communication Technology, and Webster Shamu, the Minister of Information and Publicity, regarding which ministry should deal with telecommunications, The Herald reported on 10 April 2009, that President Mugabe had assigned responsibility for telecommunications to Goche's ministry. References 1946 births Living people Members of the National Assembly of Zimbabwe Government ministers of Zimbabwe Zimbabwean trade unionists Foreign ministers of Zimbabwe Ambassadors of Zimbabwe to China Ambassadors of Zimbabwe to Romania Ambassadors of Zimbabwe to Bulgaria Zimbabwean exiles Transport ministers ZANU–PF politicians 20th-century Zimbabwean politicians 21st-century Zimbabwean politicians

22694134

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20domestic

Grand domestic

The title of grand domestic (, mégas doméstikos) was given in the 11th–15th centuries to the commander-in-chief of the Byzantine army, directly below the Byzantine Emperor. It evolved from the earlier office of the domestic of the Schools, and came to rank as one of the senior dignities in the Byzantine state during the last centuries of its existence. From Byzantium, it was also adopted by the breakaway Empire of Trebizond, as well as by the 14th-century Serbian Empire. History and evolution The title of the grand domestic is first mentioned in the 9th century, and most likely derives from the older office of domestikos tōn scholōn ("Domestic of the Schools"), with the epithet megas added to connote the supreme authority of its holder, following contemporary practice evident in other offices as well. Both titles appear to have co-existed for a time, with the grand domestic being a more exalted variant of the plain titles of the domestics of the East and of the West, until the late 11th century, when it became a distinct office and replaced the ordinary domestics as commander-in-chief. Nevertheless, the office was still sometimes referred to in the sources as the "Grand Domestic of the Schools" or "of the army", creating some confusion as to which of the two posts is meant. For most of its existence, the office of Grand Domestic was by its nature confined to a single holder. However, the presence of "Grand Domestics of the East/West" in the late 12th century may indicate the resumption of the well-established practice of dividing supreme field command, as with the Domesticate of the Schools, between east (Asia Minor) and west (Balkans), while in the late 14th century several people appear to hold the office at the same time, perhaps in a collegial manner. Following the Fourth Crusade, it appears that in the Latin Empire and the other Latin states formed on Byzantine soil, the title of megas domestikos was used as the Greek equivalent of the Western title of [grand] seneschal (). In the Palaiologan period (1261–1453), the grand domestic was the unchallenged commander-in-chief of the army, except in the case of the emperor campaigning in person, when he functioned as a kind of chief of staff. Despite its purely military nature, the office was also bestowed in the way of an honorific dignity to generals and high-ranking courtiers alike, e.g. to George Mouzalon, or to the Prince of Achaea William II of Villehardouin. The office varied in importance in the court hierarchy. Under the Komnenian emperors, it came immediately after the "imperial" titles of Caesar, sebastokratōr and despotēs. In the 13th century, it rose and fell according to the emperors' desire to honour its holder, but was usually at seventh place, below the and the . It was not until the award of the title to John Kantakouzenos in the 1320s that the office firmly established itself once again as the highest non-imperial title, at the fourth place of the palace hierarchy. At all times, however, it was regarded as one of the most important and prestigious positions, and was held either by members of the reigning dynasty or by close relatives from the small circle of families connected to the imperial clan. Like all Byzantine offices, it was neither hereditary nor transferable, and its bestowal was the province of the reigning emperor. The office also included various ceremonial functions, as detailed in the mid-14th century account of offices of pseudo-Kodinos. The grand domestic's distinctive insignia are given by pseudo-Kodinos as follows: A skiadion hat in red and gold, decorated with embroideries in the klapoton style, with a veil and pendants in the same style. Alternatively, a domed skaranikon hat could be worn, again in red and gold, with a portrait of the emperor, standing crowned and flanked by angels, within a circle of pearls, in front. The skaranikon itself was also bordered with pearls. A rich silk tunic, the kabbadion, of two colours, decorated with stripes of gold braid. A staff of office (dikanikion) with carved knobs, with the first of plain gold, the second of gold bordered with silver braid, the third like the first, the fourth like the second, etc. List of known holders Byzantine Empire Empire of Trebizond Serbian Empire References Sources Byzantine military offices Lists of office-holders in the Byzantine Empire

68363851

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilas%20Ikuta

Lilas Ikuta

is a Japanese singer and songwriter. She is best known as the vocalist of the duo Yoasobi with producer Ayase, under the stage name Ikura, and a former member of the cover group . After numerous singles and extended plays, Ikuta released her debut studio album Sketch in March 2023 and peaked at number four on the Oricon Albums Chart. Early life and education Lilas Ikuta was born on September 25, 2000, in Tokyo, Japan, and has three older siblings. She moved to Chicago, USA, in 2001, living there until she was three years old. Ikuta learned piano when she attended the first year of elementary school, and then acoustic guitar in sixth grade. She was also a member of the school's music club from third to sixth grade. Ikuta wrote her first song when she was still at elementary school and performed her first concert when she was a middle school student. She told in a Cinematoday interview that her wish to become a musician was set when her parents promised to write songs for each other for Valentine's Day and White Day. She attended Nihon University's College of Art in April 2019, and graduated in March 2023. Ikuta has cited Taylor Swift as her major music influence. Career 2015–present: Solo career In 2015, Ikuta participated in several casting and auditions, including Singin'Japan hosted by Sony Music Entertainment Japan where was selected as a finalist. In 2016, she participated in the new artist training course called the Lesson sponsored by SMEJ and released her demo CD 15 no Omoi. She later became a member of cover group until 2021. In February 2018, Ikuta made her first debut televised appearance at . She released her first two extended plays Rerise in April 2018, and in November 2019 through independent label After School. In 2020, Ikuta performed the Japanese version of the end-credit song "Rocket to the Moon" for computer-animated fantasy film Over the Moon, and released new single "Hikari", accompanied Kissme's exhibition Atta Koto Aru no ni, Hajime Mashite. On March 9, 2021, Ikuta released "Answer" for Tokio Marine & Nichido Life Insurance's Anshin Disability Insurance advertisement. She covered Seiko Matsuda's "Sweet Memories" for Takashi Matsumoto's 50th-anniversary tribute album . Ikuta re-released "Romance no Yakusoku", originally from her EP Jukebox, on August 14, accompanied love reality series . She voiced Hiro-chan in 2021 animated science fantasy film Belle. Additionally in 2021, Ikuta featured on Fujifabric's "Tarinai Sukunai" from their eleventh studio album , Tomorrow X Together's Japanese version of "0X1=Lovesong (I Know I Love You)" from their first Japanese EP Chaotic Wonderland, and Rei's "Hōseki", and collaborated with Milet and Aimer for The First Take "Omokage" to advertise Sony's wireless noise-canceling earphones WF-1000XM4. Ikuta's "Sparkle" was released on January 17, 2022, as a theme for Kyō, Suki ni Narimashita: Mikan-hen, Sotsugyō-hen 2022. She collaborated with hip-hop duo Creepy Nuts and Ayase for the single "Baka Majime", released on March 20. It was accompanied the All Night Nippon 55th-anniversary stage Ano Yoru o Oboe Teru. The single "Lens", a theme for TBS drama , was come on June 14. Ikuta featured on Tokyo Ska Paradise Orchestra's single "Free Free Free", released on July 27. She was in charge of Fuji TV's 2022 FIFA World Cup's theme "Jump", came on November 20. In January 2023, Ikuta released "Tanpopo" for NHK's Drama 10 . Her debut studio album Sketch was issued on March 8. It debuted at number four on the Oricon Albums Chart, and number two on the Billboard Japan Hot Albums. Ikuta features on Chiaki Satō's single "Senkō Hanabi" from her third studio album Butterfly Effect. The song was released on June 14. She released the single "P.S." for the movie 1 Byō Saki no Kare on July 7. 2019–present: Yoasobi Vocaloid producer Ayase, who was asked to form a music project as part of a collaboration with the creative writing social media Monogatary.com, reached out to Ikuta after seeing a video on Instagram and asked her if she was willing to start a music project with him, becoming the start of the duo Yoasobi. Their debut single "Yoru ni Kakeru", which was released in late 2019, went viral and became a musical success in Japan which resulted in Yoasobi gaining first popularity in Japanese music scene. Discography Studio albums Extended plays Demo albums Singles As lead artist As featured artist Guest appearances Film Concerts 1st One Man Live: Bouquet (2019) MTV Unplugged: Lilas Ikuta (2022) 1st One Man Tour: Sketch (2023) Notes References External links 2000 births 21st-century Japanese women singers Japanese women pop singers Japanese women singer-songwriters Japanese singer-songwriters Living people Nihon University alumni Singers from Tokyo Sony Music Entertainment Japan artists Yoasobi members