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234885941

s2ag/train

v2

2021-05-21T16:57:32.760Z

2021-04-08T00:00:00.000Z

Some new properties of an outer measure on a σ – field Abstract This article aims to introduce some concepts such as complete outer measure on a σ – field and extension of outer measure on a σ – field. We discuss some properties of these concepts. Furthermore, the notion of outer measure relative to the σ – field has been studied as stronger form of null-additive relative to the σ – field. Finally, aims to introduce a new space noted by complete outer measure space and we present a theorem of the unique smallest complete extension outer measure space.

32382391

s2ag/train

v2

2018-04-03T02:07:33.766Z

1987-12-01T00:00:00.000Z

2',3'-Dideoxycytidine: regulation of its metabolism and anti-retroviral potency by natural pyrimidine nucleosides and by inhibitors of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. The antiretroviral action of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddCyd) depends on its intracellular conversion to the 5'-triphosphate metabolite ddCTP. The effect of natural pyrimidines and pyrimidine nucleosides, as well as of a number of inhibitors of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis (i.e., N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate, 6-azauridine, pyrazofurin, 3-deazauridine, and hydroxyurea) on the metabolism of the potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug ddCyd has been investigated in human and murine cell lines. Deoxycytidine (dCyd) and cytidine (Cyd) effectively blocked the intracellular phosphorylation of ddCyd: dCyd by competition with ddCyd for 2'-deoxycytidine kinase, and Cyd probably by competition with the higher nucleoside mono- and diphosphate kinases. These conclusions are supported by the observations that (i) the cytostatic effects of ddCyd against human Molt/4F cells are significantly reversed by dCyd; (ii) the antiviral effects of ddCyd against hman immunodeficiency virus-infected human ATH8 cells are reversed by dCyd and Cyd; (iii) phosphorylated metabolites of ddCyd could not be detected in a 2'-deoxycytidine kinase-deficient murine leukemia (L1210)/araC cell line; and (iv) ddCyd lacked any cytostatic effect against this araC-resistant L1210 cell line. In contrast to dCyd and Cyd, thymidine (dThd) stimulated formation of phosphorylated ddCyd metabolites. The degree of this stimulation proved dependent on preincubation time and dThd concentration. There was a correlation between the increased ddCTP levels upon preincubation of the cells with dThd, and decreased dCyd-5'-triphosphate pools, presumably caused by inhibition of cytidine-5' -diphosphate reductase by dThd-5'-triphosphate. In an attempt to discover compounds other than dThd that are able to stimulate ddCTP formation, a number of inhibitors of pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism were also studied. Under our experimental conditions, 3-deazauridine and hydroxyurea proved equally as effective as dThd in stimulating ddCyd phosphorylation. Finally, we could demonstrate that dThd significantly enhanced the protective effect of ddCyd against human immunodeficiency virus-infected ATH8 cells.

7111091

s2ag/train

v2

2015-12-31T08:38:17.981Z

2014-01-01T00:00:00.000Z

Game Theory as a Tool of Crisis Management in a Company Terrorism phenomena that is classified as one of the most serious threat of today. Research and development of counter-terrorism strategies have become a part of international and national organizations and private company policy. Czech Republic is a region that would not be threatened by international terrorism, but extremism and terrorism is considered as significant security threat by Czech authorities. At the national and international level, the issue of extremism and terrorism is increasingly studied using game theory. Authors argue that it is not possible to examine various conflict participants, without consideration of their reaction and interaction. Game Theory is a tool that allows to analyze individual decisions, so it is increasingly being used in development of security strategies. This work deals with the Czech extremist and terrorist scene and possible terrorist attack on a regional company. Based on available information obtained by analyzing domestic extremism and terrorism, and a description of the chosen company there was designed model of security scenarios and rules, which can be used as a support tool for decision-making. The scenarios were then tested with a suitable part of Game Theory. Key-Words: -Terrorism, Game Theory, management, crisis, Prisoner ́s dilemma, security, scenario, rules

17597491

s2ag/train

v2

2017-02-16T18:19:04.688Z

2015-11-01T00:00:00.000Z

Research on self-learning method on generation and optimization of industrial firewall rules In order to make the rule setting more convenient, this paper presents a self-learning method on the generation and optimization of industrial firewall rules. This method includes three parts: packet preprocessing, rule self-learning and rule optimization. First, packet capturing and analysis accomplish the data preprocessing; Secondly, by using the self-learning module, this method generates the firewall rule set. Finally, the rule set is optimized to reduce the number of rules and shorten the packet matching length. Experiments and comparative results show that the proposed method meet effectiveness and real-time requirements of industrial control system communication control.

81523891

s2ag/train

v2

2019-03-18T14:02:08.424Z

2018-07-01T00:00:00.000Z

Nutrition and its Link with Diabetes in Asian Indians: Challenges and Solutions Nutrition and Its Link with Diabetes in Asian Indians: Challenges and Solutions S SHOBANA, RM RAMYA BAI, V SUDHA, R UNNIKRISHNAN, R PRADEEPA, R M ANJANA and V MOHAN Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Research Operations, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

35680641

s2ag/train

v2

2017-02-10T08:01:39.504Z

2004-04-05T00:00:00.000Z

A generalised approach to transient security enhancement in power markets Ensuring transient security usually requires the re-dispatch of generators to eliminate potential transient instability after a contingency, but this has commercial implications in a power market. A further complication is that different candidate contingencies may motivate different re-dispatch strategies because the advanced generator group is different in each case, or the sensitivity of the stability margin to power exchanges between generators is different. The paper develops an approach that attempts to address all of these significant issues in deregulated competitive power systems.

22350891

s2ag/train

v2

2018-01-23T22:48:18.492Z

2014-05-01T00:00:00.000Z

Single snapshot DOA estimation using compressed sensing This paper deals with the problem of estimating the Directions of Arrival (DOA) of multiple source signals from a single observation of an array data. In particular, an estimation algorithm based on the emerging theory of Compressed Sensing (CS) is analyzed and its statistical properties are investigated. We show that, unlike the classical Fourier beamformer, a CS-based beamformer (CSB) has some desirable properties typical of the adaptive algorithms (e.g. Capon and MUSIC). Particular attention will be devoted to the super-resolution property. Theoretical arguments and simulation analysis are provided in order to prove that the CSB can achieve a resolution below the classical Rayleigh limit.

244529641

s2ag/train

v2

2021-11-25T06:22:45.320Z

2021-05-10T00:00:00.000Z

[Method of double data entry and quality control by REDCap system]. In medical research, the quality of data is the key to success. Thus, data quality control becomes an important part of ensuring the research's high quality. REDCap system is an emerging data acquisition system in medical research, which is gradually applied in research at home and abroad. It is a hot issue to realize double data entry and data quality control in using the REDCap system, which researchers are concerned about when this system is supposed to apply. This article will systematically introduce how to use the REDCap system for double data entry and quality control from the aspects of research project creation, data collection tool design, double data entry, data checking and exporting.

45062841

s2ag/train

v2

2018-04-03T05:58:41.447Z

2011-09-07T00:00:00.000Z

Fractal electronic devices: simulation and implementation Many natural structures have fractal geometries that exhibit useful functional properties. These properties, which exploit the recurrence of patterns at increasingly small scales, are often desirable in applications and, consequently, fractal geometry is increasingly employed in diverse technologies ranging from radio antennae to storm barriers. In this paper, we explore the application of fractal geometry to electrical devices. First, we lay the foundations for the implementation of fractal devices by considering diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) of atomic clusters. Under appropriate growth conditions, atomic clusters of various elements form fractal patterns driven by DLA. We perform a fractal analysis of both simulated and physical devices to determine their spatial scaling properties and demonstrate their potential as fractal circuit elements. Finally, we simulate conduction through idealized and DLA fractal devices and show that their fractal scaling properties generate novel, nonlinear conduction properties in response to depletion by electrostatic gates.

38236991

s2ag/train

v2

2018-04-03T04:13:09.314Z

1994-01-01T00:00:00.000Z

Molecular analysis of the topoisomerase II alpha gene and its expression in human ovarian cancer. BACKGROUND DNA topoisomerase II enzymes are key targets for the group of anti-tumour agents known as topoisomerase inhibitors. In general, cell lines which express high levels of topoisomerase II are sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of the topoisomerase poisons. The levels of topoisomerase II expression in tumour biopsies may therefore predict response to treatment with enzyme inhibitors. In the current study we have analysed ovarian tumours for expression of topoisomerase II alpha and genetic change at the topoisomerase II alpha locus on chromosome 17. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have used methodology which allows the sequential extraction of protein and genomic DNA from the same biopsy sample to study the topoisomerase II alpha locus and the expression in ovarian cancer. Topoisomerase II alpha expression was quantified by Western blot analysis in 54 tumours. RESULTS Topoisomerase II alpha expression was detected in 65% of ovarian tumours with a 16 fold range in level. In adenocarcinomas, the topoisomerase II alpha gene can become amplified due to its proximity to ERBB2 on chromosome 17q. Of 86 ovarian tumours studied only 1 had amplification of ERBB2 and none had amplification of topoisomerase II alpha a sequences. CONCLUSIONS Topoisomerase II alpha expression was detected in ovarian carcinomas by Western blot analysis. A sixteen-fold range in expression was detected with significantly higher levels of topoisomerase II alpha expression in advanced stage IV and grade III tumours. Molecular analysis of the topoisomerase II alpha locus failed to reveal any gross genetic alterations which could account for the variation in levels of expression.

16369141

s2ag/train

v2

2016-01-22T15:20:48.021Z

2011-09-21T00:00:00.000Z

Transfer of Learned Manipulation following Changes in Degrees of Freedom The present study was designed to determine whether manipulation learned with a set of digits can be transferred to grips involving a different number of digits, and possible mechanisms underlying such transfer. The goal of the task was to exert a torque and vertical forces on a visually symmetrical object at object lift onset to balance the external torque caused by asymmetrical mass distribution. Subjects learned this manipulation through consecutive practice using one grip type (two or three digits), after which they performed the same task but with another grip type (e.g., after adding or removing one digit, respectively). Subjects were able to switch grip type without compromising the behavioral outcome (i.e., the direction, timing, and magnitude of the torque exerted on the object was unchanged), despite the use of significantly different digit force-position coordination patterns in the two grip types. Our results support the transfer of learning for anticipatory control of manipulation and indicate that the CNS forms an internal model of the manipulation task independent of the effectors that are used to learn it. We propose that sensory information about the new digit placement—resulting from adding or removing a digit immediately after the switch in grip type—plays an important role in the accurate modulation of new digit force distributions. We discuss our results in relation to studies of manipulation reporting lack of learning transfer and propose a theoretical framework that accounts for failure or success of motor learning generalization.

58637041

s2ag/train

v2

2019-01-22T22:34:03.442Z

2019-01-01T00:00:00.000Z

A case of erythrodermic psoriasis successfully treated with ixekizumab Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is the most severe form of psoriasis, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. International guidelines on EP treatment are lacking, with most of the biologic drugs being used basing on case reports or small case series. Ixekizumab, a fully human anti‐interleukin (IL)‐17A monoclonal antibody, is approved for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis while its use in EP is off label. However, two studies conducted on eight Japanese EP patients have showed ixekizumab as an efficacious and well tolerated therapy up to 24 and 52 weeks, respectively. To date, no case reports on Caucasian patients have been described. We report the case of a 66‐year‐old Caucasian female with EP successfully treated with ixekizumab, reaching PASI 100 after only 6 weeks of therapy and still maintaining this response at week 24. Our case report suggests ixekizumab as a highly efficacious treatment in EP, presenting also a very rapid action which leads to complete resolution of the disease after 6 weeks. Further studies are warrant to confirm our data, with controlled trials specifically dedicated to EP being strictly needed in order to verify the role and efficacy of the new biologics in EP.

75041

s2ag/train

v2

2018-04-03T03:03:38.434Z

2000-12-01T00:00:00.000Z

[Molecular structure and function of mechanosensor mechanisms: an alternative prospect for the development of new drugs]. Mechanical stress to cells induces various physiological cellular responses and pathophysiological changes in many cell types. However, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Clarification of the mechanosensor mechanisms on the molecular level may provide an alternative approach for the development of new drugs. In the 73rd Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society, the latest studies performed by the following five departments were reported and discussed: 1) Expression of putative stretch sensitive nonselective cation channels of mammal, by M. Suzuki et al. (Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical School); 2) Mechanosensitive ATP release in aortic endothelial cells, by M. Oike et al. (Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University); 3) Lysophosphatidic acid acts as an endogenous modulator on mechanotransduction, by H. Ohata et al. (Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University); 4) Stretch-induced myosin light chain phosphorylation without force development in canine basilar artery, by K. Obara et al. (Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka); and 5) Transcriptional regulation of smooth muscle phenotypic modulation, by R. Nagai (Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo). This article reviews these reports.