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Pinecone 48

59244395

10.1103/PhysRevB.69.115323

We have investigated the electric-field- and excitation-density-induced variation of the optical transition energy and cathodoluminescence (CL) as well as photoluminescence intensity of a single (In,Ga)N/GaN quantum well deposited in the depletion region of a p-n junction. The electric-field dependence of the transition energy is significantly influenced by field screening in the depletion region due to the excited carriers and by filling of band tail states of localized excitons. The electric-field dependence of the CL intensity is characterized by an abrupt and strong quenching mainly due to drift of excited carriers in the depletion region. A gradual screening of the p-n junction field with increasing excitation density causes a strongly nonlinear CL response. We describe this nonlinear behavior theoretically by a rate equation model

Field-dependent nonlinear luminescence response of (In,Ga)N/GaN quantum wells

field-dependent nonlinear luminescence response of (in,ga)n/gan quantum wells

cathodoluminescence photoluminescence deposited depletion junction. influenced screening depletion excited carriers filling tail localized excitons. abrupt quenching drift excited carriers depletion region. gradual screening junction response. theoretically

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59263821

10.1080/03610918.2013.773343

Associated with a parameterization for the three-parameter lognormal distribution, an algorithm was proposed by Komori and Hirose, which can find a local maximum likelihood (ML) estimate surely if it exists. Nevertheless, by Vera and Díaz-García it was shown that performance in finding a local ML estimate deteriorated by adopting the parameterization only and using other algorithm. In the present article, it will be shown that Komori and Hirose’s algorithm should be used for the parameterization. This work will also give MATLAB codes as a useful tool for the parameter estimation of the distribution

Suitable Algorithm Associated with a Parameterization for the Three-Parameter Log-Normal Distribution

suitable algorithm associated with a parameterization for the three-parameter log-normal distribution

parameterization lognormal komori hirose likelihood surely exists. nevertheless vera díaz garcía deteriorated adopting parameterization algorithm. komori hirose’s parameterization. matlab codes

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77020261

10.1007/s10554-015-0591-4

The objective of the study is to validate intravascular quantitative echogenicity as a surrogate for molecular weight assessment of poly-l-lactide-acid (PLLA) bioresorbable scaffold (Absorb BVS, Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, California). We analyzed at 9 time points (from 1- to 42-month follow-up) a population of 40 pigs that received 97 Absorb scaffolds. The treated regions were analyzed by echogenicity using adventitia as reference, and were categorized as more (hyperechogenic or upperechogenic) or less bright (hypoechogenic) than the reference. The volumes of echogenicity categories were correlated with the measurements of molecular weight (Mw) by gel permeation chromatography. Scaffold struts appeared as high echogenic structures. The quantification of grey level intensity in the scaffold-vessel compartment had strong correlation with the scaffold Mw: hyperechogenicity (correlation coefficient = 0.75; P < 0.01), upperechogenicity (correlation coefficient = 0.63; P < 0.01) and hyper + upperechogenicity (correlation coefficient = 0.78; P < 0.01). In the linear regression, the R2 for high echogenicity and Mw was 0.57 for the combination of hyper and upper echogenicity. IVUS high intensity grey level quantification is correlated to Absorb BVS residual molecular weight and can be used as a surrogate for the monitoring of the degradation of semi-crystalline polymers scaffolds

Echogenicity as a surrogate for bioresorbable everolimus-eluting scaffold degradation: analysis at 1-, 3-, 6-, 12- 18, 24-, 30-, 36- and 42-month follow-up in a porcine model

echogenicity as a surrogate for bioresorbable everolimus-eluting scaffold degradation: analysis at 1-, 3-, 6-, 12- 18, 24-, 30-, 36- and 42-month follow-up in a porcine model

validate intravascular echogenicity surrogate poly lactide plla bioresorbable scaffold absorb abbott vascular santa clara california month pigs absorb scaffolds. echogenicity adventitia categorized hyperechogenic upperechogenic bright hypoechogenic reference. volumes echogenicity categories permeation chromatography. scaffold struts appeared echogenic structures. quantification grey scaffold vessel compartment scaffold hyperechogenicity upperechogenicity hyper upperechogenicity echogenicity hyper echogenicity. ivus grey quantification absorb residual surrogate degradation crystalline polymers scaffolds

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84138671

10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.695

This paper proposes a methodology that employs an experimental apparatus that reproduces, in pre-impregnated and cured out-of-autoclave Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) panels, the phenomenon of slamming or impact on the bottom of a high-speed boat during planing. The pressure limits in the simulation are defined by employing a finite element model (FEM) that evaluates the forces applied by the cam that hits the panels in the apparatus via microdeformations obtained in the simulation. The methodology requires that various impact series be performed at different energies and that the evolution of the damage be followed via immersion ultrasound inspection to quantify how the material behaves, in addition to evaluating the delamination process via penetrating dyes using UV radiation. Slamming impacts were performed on the order of 105, and the micromechanisms of interlaminar and intralaminar damage propagation were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were analyzed by correlating them with pressure, deformation, impact energy, and applied cycles, in addition to conducting compression experiments after impact to relate the material damage with the residual strength of the impacted panels

The Effect of Slamming Impact on Out-of-Autoclave Cured Prepregs of GFRP Composite Panels for Hulls

the effect of slamming impact on out-of-autoclave cured prepregs of gfrp composite panels for hulls

proposes methodology employs apparatus reproduces impregnated cured autoclave glass fiber reinforced polymer gfrp panels phenomenon slamming boat planing. employing evaluates forces hits panels apparatus microdeformations simulation. methodology immersion ultrasound inspection quantify behaves evaluating delamination penetrating dyes radiation. slamming impacts micromechanisms interlaminar intralaminar propagation scanning microscopy correlating deformation cycles conducting compression relate residual impacted panels

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10128396

10.1101/gr.084517.108

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) plays a key role in ribosome biogenesis, encoding genes for the structural RNA components of this important cellular organelle. These genes are vital for efficient functioning of the cellular protein synthesis machinery and as such are highly conserved and normally present in high copy numbers. In the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, there are more than 100 rDNA repeats located at a single locus on chromosome XII. Stability and sequence homogeneity of the rDNA array is essential for function, and this is achieved primarily by the mechanism of gene conversion. Detecting variation within these arrays is extremely problematic due to their large size and repetitive structure. In an attempt to address this, we have analyzed over 35 Mbp of rDNA sequence obtained from whole-genome shotgun sequencing (WGSS) of 34 strains of S. cerevisiae. Contrary to expectation, we find significant rDNA sequence variation exists within individual genomes. Many of the detected polymorphisms are not fully resolved. For this type of sequence variation, we introduce the term partial single nucleotide polymorphism, or pSNP. Comparative analysis of the complete data set reveals that different S. cerevisiae genomes possess different patterns of rDNA polymorphism, with much of the variation located within the rapidly evolving nontranscribed intergenic spacer (IGS) region. Furthermore, we find that strains known to have either structured or mosaic/hybrid genomes can be distinguished from one another based on rDNA pSNP number, indicating that pSNP dynamics may provide a reliable new measure of genome origin and stability

Repetitive sequence variation and dynamics in the ribosomal DNA array of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as revealed by whole-genome resequencing

repetitive sequence variation and dynamics in the ribosomal dna array of saccharomyces cerevisiae as revealed by whole-genome resequencing

ribosomal rdna plays ribosome biogenesis encoding organelle. vital functioning machinery conserved normally copy numbers. baker yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae rdna repeats locus chromosome xii. homogeneity rdna array primarily conversion. detecting arrays extremely problematic repetitive structure. attempt rdna shotgun sequencing wgss cerevisiae. contrary expectation rdna genomes. polymorphisms resolved. nucleotide polymorphism psnp. comparative reveals cerevisiae genomes possess rdna polymorphism rapidly evolving nontranscribed intergenic spacer region. structured mosaic hybrid genomes distinguished rdna psnp psnp reliable

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11923327

10.1007/s13194-012-0061-y

The paper investigates the spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetries in gauge theories from a philosophical angle, taking into account the fact that the notion of a spontaneously broken local gauge symmetry, though widely employed in textbook expositions of the Higgs mechanism, is\ud not supported by our leading theoretical frameworks of gauge quantum theories. In the context of lattice gauge theory, the statement that local gauge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken can even be made rigorous in the form of Elitzur’s theorem. Nevertheless, gauge symmetry breaking does occur in gauge quantum field theories in the form of the breaking of remnant subgroups of the original local gauge group under which the theories typically remain invariant after gauge fixing. The paper discusses the relation between these instances of symmetry breaking and phase transitions and draws some more general conclusions for the philosophical interpretation of gauge symmetries and their breaking.\u

Gauge Symmetry Breaking in Gauge Theories---In Search of Clarification

gauge symmetry breaking in gauge theories---in search of clarification

investigates spontaneous breaking symmetries philosophical notion spontaneously broken widely textbook expositions frameworks theories. statement spontaneously broken rigorous elitzur’s theorem. nevertheless breaking breaking remnant subgroups fixing. discusses instances breaking draws philosophical symmetries breaking.

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11994147

10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.01.028

wo multispectral maturity classifications for red soft-flesh peaches (‘Kingcrest’, ‘Rubyrich’ and ‘Richlady’ n = 260) are proposed and compared based on R (red) and R/IR (red divided by infrared) images obtained with a three CCD camera (800 nm, 675 nm and 450 nm). R/IR histograms were able to correct the effect of 3D shape on light reflectance and thus more Gaussian histograms were produced than R images. As fruits ripened, the R/IR histograms showed increasing levels of intensity. Reference measurements such as firmness and visible spectra also varied significantly as the fruit ripens, firmness decreased while reflectance at 680 nm increased (chlorophyll absorption peak)

Multispectral images of peach related to firmness and maturity at harvest

multispectral images of peach related to firmness and maturity at harvest

multispectral maturity classifications flesh peaches ‘kingcrest’ ‘rubyrich’ ‘richlady’ divided infrared camera histograms reflectance histograms images. fruits ripened histograms intensity. firmness visible varied fruit ripens firmness reflectance chlorophyll

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11995751

10.1016/j.sab.2010.01.002

In this paper, we present transition probabilities for 97 spectral lines of Sn I, corresponding to transitions n(n = 6,7,8)s → 5p2, n(n = 5,6,7)d → 5p2, 5p3 → 5p2, n(n = 7)p → 6s, determined by measuring the intensities of the emission lines of a Laser-induced breakdown (emission) spectrometry (LIBS). The optical emission spectroscopy from a laser-induced plasma generated by a 10 640 Å radiation, with an irradiance of 1.4 × 1010 Wcm− 2 on an Sn–Pb alloy (an Sn content of approximately 20%), in vacuum, was recorded at 0.8 µs, and analysed between 1900 and 7000 Å. The population-level distribution and corresponding temperature were obtained using Boltzmann plots. The electron density of the plasma was determined using well-known Stark broadening parameters of spectral lines. The plasma under study had an electron temperature of 13,200 K and an electron number density of 2 × 1016 cm− 3. The experimental relative transition probabilities were put on an absolute scale using the branching ratio method to calculate Sn I multiplet transition probabilities from available radiative lifetime data of their upper states and plotting the Sn I emission spectrum lines on a Boltzmann plot assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) to be valid and following Boltzmann's law. The LTE conditions and plasma homogeneity have been checked. Special attention was paid to the possible self-absorption of the different transitions. The experimental results obtained have been compared with the experimental values given by other authors

A Spectroscopic study of laser-induced Tin-Lead plasma: transition probabilities for spectral lines of Sn I

a spectroscopic study of laser-induced tin-lead plasma: transition probabilities for spectral lines of sn i

probabilities measuring intensities breakdown spectrometry libs spectroscopy irradiance wcm− sn–pb alloy analysed boltzmann plots. stark broadening lines. probabilities branching multiplet probabilities radiative lifetime plotting boltzmann thermodynamic valid boltzmann law. homogeneity checked. paid transitions.

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11999292

10.1007/s11277-011-0464-7

An accurate characterization of the near-region propagation of radio waves inside tunnels is of practical importance for the design and planning of advanced communication systems. However, there has been no consensus yet on the propagation mechanism in this region. Some authors claim that the propagation mechanism follows the free space model, others intend to interpret it by the multi-mode waveguide model. This paper clarifies the situation in the near-region of arched tunnels by analytical modeling of the division point between the two propagation mechanisms. The procedure is based on the combination of the propagation theory and the three-dimensional solid geometry. Three groups of measurements are employed to verify the model in different tunnels at different frequencies. Furthermore, simplified models for the division point in five specific application situations are derived to facilitate the use of the model. The results in this paper could help to deepen the insight into the propagation mechanism within tunnel environments

Modeling of the Division Point of Different Propagation Mechanisms in the Near-Region Within Arched Tunnels

modeling of the division point of different propagation mechanisms in the near-region within arched tunnels

propagation tunnels practical planning advanced systems. consensus propagation region. claim propagation intend interpret waveguide model. clarifies arched tunnels division propagation mechanisms. propagation geometry. verify tunnels frequencies. simplified division situations facilitate model. deepen insight propagation tunnel environments

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12019537

10.1016/j.jeconbus.2010.11.001

The economic integration among Euro members has important consequences for the factors driving asset pricing and asset trading within the financial markets. In particular, since the start of the Euro, cross-country equity index correlations in the region have showed upward trends and domestic investors have allocated their portfolios mostly inside of the region. This paper studies the impact of these recent structural changes on the Euro-wide sectoral equity indices. We modeled the return and volatility of the Euro sector equity indices between years 1992 and 2007. We documented that aggregate world equity or global sector equity indices have not been affecting the sector equity indices since the beginning of the Euro. Aggregate Euro stock index, however, still has been affecting most of the sector equity indices, even though its effect has been declining remarkably for some sectors. In particular, we found that financial sector indices (financial services, insurance, and banking) are being affected increasingly by the aggregate Euro equity index fluctuations after the start of the Euro. However, some ``basic industry sector'' indices, including basic resources, food and beverage, health-care, retail services, and oil & gas had become less dependent to the aggregate Euro index within the same period, suggesting that diversification across these sectors within the region would be much more effective tool for reducing portfolio risk.

Sectoral Equity Returns in the Euro Region: Is There any Room for Reducing the Portfolio Risk?

sectoral equity returns in the euro region: is there any room for reducing the portfolio risk?

euro consequences driving asset pricing asset trading markets. euro equity upward domestic investors allocated portfolios mostly region. euro sectoral equity indices. modeled return volatility euro equity indices documented aggregate equity equity indices affecting equity indices beginning euro. aggregate euro stock affecting equity indices declining remarkably sectors. indices insurance banking increasingly aggregate euro equity euro. indices beverage retail aggregate euro diversification sectors reducing portfolio risk.

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12173196

10.1016/j.econmod.2013.08.032

A widespread method for now- and forecasting economic macro level parameters such as GDP growth rates are survey-based indicators which contain early information in contrast to official data. But surveys are commonly affected by nonresponding units which can produce biases if these missing values can not be regarded as missing at random. As many papers examined the effect of nonresponse in individual or household surveys, only less is known in the case of business surveys. So, literature leaves a gap on this issue. For this reason, we analyse and impute the missing observations in the Ifo Business Survey, a large business survey in Germany. The most prominent result of this survey is the Ifo Business Climate Index, a leading indicator for the German business cycle. To reflect the underlying latent data generating process, we compare different imputation approaches for longitudinal data. After this, the microdata are aggregated and the results are compared with the original indicators to evaluate their implications on the macro level. Finally, we show that the bias is minimal and ignorable.

Microdata Imputations and Macrodata Implications: Evidence from the Ifo Business Survey

microdata imputations and macrodata implications: evidence from the ifo business survey

widespread forecasting macro indicators official data. surveys commonly nonresponding biases missing regarded missing random. papers nonresponse household surveys surveys. leaves issue. analyse impute missing germany. prominent indicator german cycle. reflect latent generating imputation longitudinal data. microdata aggregated indicators macro level. ignorable.

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12173212

10.1016/j.econlet.2013.01.033

The new Medicare Part D program provides prescription drug coverage for older Americans through highly subsidized and tightly regulated plans offered by private insurance firms. For most eligible individuals without coverage from other sources, obtaining Part D coverage would be rational, but it requires active enrollment and plan choice decisions. We investigate if non-enrollment in Medicare Part D can partly be explained by risk aversion. Data are taken from a national online survey conducted just after the introduction Part D. The survey included a context-free and a context-related hypothetical lottery to measure an individual’s attitude towards risk. Respondents who are risk tolerant according to these measures were significantly less likely to enroll in Part D. We also illustrate that hypothetical choice questions designed to elicit risk attitudes are subject to reference-point effects. Even minor differences in the priming of respondents can result in potentially misleading conclusions about the role of risk aversion in the insurance decisions.

Risk attitudes and Medicare Part D enrollment decisions

risk attitudes and medicare part d enrollment decisions

medicare prescription coverage older americans subsidized tightly regulated plans offered private insurance firms. eligible coverage obtaining coverage rational enrollment plan decisions. enrollment medicare partly aversion. hypothetical lottery individual’s attitude risk. respondents tolerant enroll illustrate hypothetical elicit attitudes effects. minor priming respondents potentially misleading aversion insurance decisions.

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143692722

10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.10.011

tThe thermo-oxidative behavior of unformulated (unfilled) samples of epoxy coatings has been studiedat five temperatures ranging from 70◦C to 150◦C. Two epoxy networks based on diglycidyl ether ofbisphenol A (DGEBA), respectively, cured by jeffamine (POPA) or polyamidoamine (PAA) were compared.Infrared spectrophotometry (IR), differential scanning (DSC) and sol–gel analysis (SGA) were used tomonitor structural changes.Thermal oxidation leads to carbonyl and amide formation in both systems. POPA systems appear moresensitive to oxidation than PAA ones. Thermal oxidation leads to predominant chain scission as evidencedby the decrease of glass transition temperatures (Tg) and increase of sol fraction

Thermo-oxidative aging of epoxy coating systems

thermo-oxidative aging of epoxy coating systems

tthe thermo oxidative unformulated unfilled epoxy coatings studiedat ranging epoxy diglycidyl ether ofbisphenol dgeba cured jeffamine popa polyamidoamine compared.infrared spectrophotometry scanning sol–gel tomonitor changes.thermal oxidation carbonyl amide systems. popa moresensitive oxidation ones. oxidation predominant scission evidencedby glass

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143695143

10.1016/j.euromechsol.2013.12.010

IThis paper presents an identification procedure for the parameters of a thermodynamically based constitutive model for Shape memory Alloys (SMAs). The proposed approach is a gradient-based method and utilizes an analytical computation of the sensitivity matrix. For several loading cases, including superelasticity, that are commonly utilized for the model parameters identification of such a constitutive model, a closed-form of the total infinitesimal strain is derived. The partial derivatives of this state variable are developed to find the components of the sensitivity matrix. A LevenbergeMarquardt algorithm is utilized to solve the inverse problem and find the best set of model parameters for specific SMA materials. Moreover, a pre-identification method, based on the second derivative of the total strain components is proposed. This provides a suitable initial set of model parameters, which increases the efficiency of the inverse method. The proposed approach is applied for the simultaneous identification of the non-linear constitutive parameters for two superelastic SMAs. The comparison between experimental and numerical curves obtained for different temperatures shows the capabilities of the developed identification approach. The robustness and the efficiency of the developed approach are then experimentally validatedIIME

Parameter identification of a thermodynamic model for superelastic shape memory alloys using analytical calculation of the sensitivity matrix

parameter identification of a thermodynamic model for superelastic shape memory alloys using analytical calculation of the sensitivity matrix

ithis presents thermodynamically constitutive alloys smas utilizes matrix. loading superelasticity commonly utilized constitutive infinitesimal derived. derivatives matrix. levenbergemarquardt utilized solve materials. proposed. method. simultaneous constitutive superelastic smas. capabilities approach. robustness experimentally validatediime

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144013085

10.1002/elan.200704081

Two room temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, were employed for enzyme immobilization in a new sol-gel matrix and, for the first time, were successfully applied as electrolyte carriers in a biosensing system. The new sol-gel matrix, based on 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide mixtures, did not crack even after several weeks when kept dry, and exhibited similar analytical properties to aqueous sol-gel based glucose biosensors. The linear range was up to 1.1 mM of glucose, sensitivity was 62 nA mM-1 and the limit of detection was 28.8 muM. The optimum ionic liquid electrolyte carrier was found to be 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, where the biosensor was made by electrodeposition of the redox mediator, poly(neutral red), and the enzyme was immobilized by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The results showed that application of room temperature ionic liquids to biosensors is very promising and can be further exploited.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.20070408

Application of Some Room Temperature Ionic Liquids in the Development of Biosensors at Carbon Film Electrodes

application of some room temperature ionic liquids in the development of biosensors at carbon film electrodes

room ionic liquids butyl methylimidazolium bistriflimide butyl methylimidazolium nitrate enzyme immobilization successfully electrolyte carriers biosensing system. aminopropyltrimethoxysilane butyl methylimidazolium bistriflimide mixtures crack kept exhibited aqueous glucose biosensors. glucose mum. optimum ionic electrolyte carrier butyl methylimidazolium nitrate biosensor electrodeposition redox mediator poly neutral enzyme immobilized linking glutaraldehyde. room ionic liquids biosensors promising exploited. elan.

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144013872

10.1023/A:1020392604183

We studied the changes of exergy and specific exergy with data of benthic macrofauna communities, periodically sampled along an estuarine gradient of eutrophication in the Mondego estuary (Western Portugal). Exergy estimates were calculated from organism biomass, based on weighing factors for the relative content of exergy per unit of biomass determined from DNA contents of organisms. Results were discussed in terms of both the macrofauna biomass production and the structural organisation of the system. Estimates for the exergy indices provided useful indications for the evaluation of environmental impact due to the eutrophication process. Different average values for the indices of exergy and specific exergy were estimated relatively to areas with different levels of eutrophication, in the ‘spatial’ gradient of eutrophication. Higher exergy levels and lower exergy content per unit of biomass (specific exergy) were associated to populations more stabilized or areas less perturbed. Additionally, the index of specific exergy seemed capable of providing indications for the qualitative alterations in the communities (in temporal and spatial terms) that go in the direction of the observations made in this ecosystem.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:102039260418

Estimation of ecological exergy using weighing parameters determined from DNA contents of organisms – a case study

estimation of ecological exergy using weighing parameters determined from dna contents of organisms – a case study

exergy exergy benthic macrofauna communities periodically sampled estuarine eutrophication mondego estuary portugal exergy organism biomass weighing exergy biomass contents organisms. macrofauna biomass organisation system. exergy indices indications eutrophication process. indices exergy exergy eutrophication ‘spatial’ eutrophication. exergy exergy biomass exergy stabilized perturbed. additionally exergy seemed capable indications qualitative alterations communities ecosystem.

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147426302

10.1007/s11706-015-0297-5

The relation between the microstructure, observed using an electron probe microanalyzer, and the domain structure, observed using a Kerr microscope, was established to evaluate the effects of hot rolling and the addition of Ti-C on the c-axis orientation and the magnetization process of hot-rolled Nd-Fe-B-Ti-C melt-spun ribbons. The addition of Ti-C promotes the c-axis orientation and high coercivity in the ribbons. Elemental mapping suggests a uniform elemental distribution; however, an uneven distribution of Ti was observed in an enlarged grain with Ti-enriched points inside the grain. The reversal domains that nucleated at the Ti-enriched point inside the grain cause low coercivity

Relationship between Microstructure and Magnetic Domain Structure of Nd-Fe-B Melt-Spun Ribbon Magnets

relationship between microstructure and magnetic domain structure of nd-fe-b melt-spun ribbon magnets

microstructure microanalyzer kerr microscope rolling magnetization rolled melt spun ribbons. promotes coercivity ribbons. elemental elemental uneven enlarged grain enriched grain. reversal nucleated enriched grain coercivity

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147426714

10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.089

A mechanically induced current (MIC) in a polypyrrole/Au-coated membrane (PPy/Au-membrane) composite with various surface morphologies was investigated, and the electrolyte conditions were determined in an electrochemical cell. A MIC was induced on porous PPy/Au-membranes with a thin layer of PPy. Conversely, relatively small MICs were observed in non-highly porous films such as freestanding films and PPy/Au-membranes with thick PPy deposits. A MIC smaller by one order of magnitude was also observed in a Au-membrane without PPy. These results indicated that the MICs was due to a charging phenomenon in both the redox and the double layer capacitances. The MIC also varied with supporting electrolyte and their concentration. The MIC was strongly reduced in solutions with diluted electrolytes and with bulky cationic electrolytes, indicating that the number and the penetration speed of mobile ions limited the magnitude of the MIC. These characteristics indicated that the MIC was essentially a diffusion limited current. A two-electrode MIC cell was also configured to investigate a power generation film in a normal saline solution, which can possibly be utilized for biomedical applications

Diffusion-limited characteristics of mechanically induced currents in polypyrrole/Au-membrane composites

diffusion-limited characteristics of mechanically induced currents in polypyrrole/au-membrane composites

mechanically polypyrrole coated composite morphologies electrolyte electrochemical cell. porous membranes ppy. conversely mics porous films freestanding films membranes thick deposits. ppy. mics charging phenomenon redox capacitances. varied supporting electrolyte concentration. diluted electrolytes bulky cationic electrolytes penetration mobile mic. essentially current. electrode configured film saline possibly utilized biomedical

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147608459

10.1057/fp.2012.21

In the context of current debates about the presidentialization and personalization of politics, this review discusses the Americanization of presidential politics in France. Two specific areas are reviewed: the personalization of French presidential elections, and the presidentialization of the executive decision-making process. The discussion focuses on a set of features that are usually associated with the US system, such as the relatively recent adoption of primary elections, the programmatic differences between presidential candidates and their parties, and their increasingly centrist policies. By contextualizing this analysis within the development of the Fifth Republic, we emphasize the endogenous roots of the apparently Americanized practices of the French executive and their full adaptation to the French institutional context

The development of the French executive: endogenous Americanization

the development of the french executive: endogenous americanization

debates presidentialization personalization politics discusses americanization presidential politics france. reviewed personalization french presidential elections presidentialization executive process. focuses adoption elections programmatic presidential candidates parties increasingly centrist policies. contextualizing fifth republic emphasize endogenous roots apparently americanized practices french executive adaptation french institutional

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148653636

10.1016/j.tsf.2008.04.069

The Al content in AlxGa1 − xN/GaN heterostructures has been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and contrasted with absolute measurements from ion beam analysis (IBA) methods. For this purpose, samples with 0.1bxb0.3 grown by metal organic chemical vapour deposition on sapphire substrates have been studied. XRD and IBA corroborate the good epitaxial growth of the AlGaN layer, which slightly deteriorates with the incorporation of Al for xN0.2. The assessment of Al incorporation by XRD is quite reliable regarding the average value along the sample thickness. However, XRD analysis tends to overestimate the Al fraction at low contents, which is attributed to the presence of strain within the layer. For the highest Al incorporation, IBA detects a certain Al in-depth compositional profile that should be considered for better XRD data analysis

Aluminium incorporation in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures: a comparative study by ion beam analysis and X-ray diffraction

aluminium incorporation in algan/gan heterostructures: a comparative study by ion beam analysis and x-ray diffraction

alxga heterostructures diffraction contrasted methods. grown vapour deposition sapphire substrates studied. corroborate epitaxial algan deteriorates incorporation incorporation reliable thickness. tends overestimate contents attributed layer. incorporation detects compositional

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148657546

10.1063/1.3509108

The dynamics of double ablation front (DAF) structures is studied for planar targets with moderate atomic number ablators. These structures are obtained in hydrodynamic simulations for various materials and laser intensities and are qualitatively characterized during the acceleration stage of the target. The importance of the radiative transport for the DAF dynamics is then demonstrated. Simulated hydrodynamic profiles are compared with a theoretical model, showing the consistency of the model and the relevant parameters for the dynamics description. The stability of DAF structures with respect to two-dimensional perturbations is studied using two different approaches: one considers the assumptions of the theoretical model and the other one a more complete physics. The numerical simulations performed with both approaches demonstrate good agreement of dispersion curve

Dynamics and stability of radiation-driven double ablation front structures.

dynamics and stability of radiation-driven double ablation front structures.

ablation front planar targets moderate ablators. hydrodynamic intensities qualitatively acceleration target. radiative demonstrated. hydrodynamic consistency description. perturbations considers assumptions physics.

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148659620

10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.05.005

Two experiments were carried out to study the effects of supplementing the ration of lactating ewes with vegetable fats (sunflower oil, SO or hydrogenated palm oil, HPO; HIDROPALM (R)) on diet digestibility, milk yield and milk composition, and on the concentration of the conjugated linoleic acid (CIA) C18:2 cis-9 trans-11 and C18:1 trans-11 (vaccenic acid, VA) and other main fatty acids in milk fat. Treatments involved a control diet, without added oil, and 2 diets supplemented with either 12 g/kg SO or 12 g/kg HPO on a dry matter (DM) basis. In the first experiment, 6 non-pregnant, non-lactating Lacaune ewes were used following a 3 x 3 replicated Latin Square design. Addition of vegetable fat supplement to the diet increased digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP), but did not affect that of the ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) or acid detergent fibre (ADF). In the second experiment, 60 Lacaune dairy ewes mid-way through lactation (120 +/- 12 days in milk, 0.98 +/- 0.03 kg/day average milk yield) were divided into three equal-sized groups each of which was assigned to one of the three experimental diets for 4 weeks. Compared with the control treatment, supplementation with H PO increased milk yield and energy-corrected milk. But neither vegetable fat supplement modified percentages of fat and protein in milk. Supplementation with HPO increased C14:1, C16:1 and C16:0 content and reduced C18:0 and C18:1 cis-9 content in milk fat. Supplementation with SO increased the VA content in milk fat by 36% and that of cis-9 trans-11 CLA by 29% in comparison with the control diet. Supplementation with HPO led to milk fat with 15% more cis-9 trans-11 CLA than control milk. In conclusion, adding a moderate dose of HPO or SO to the diets increased CIA concentration in milk fat. Nevertheless, supplementation with SO was more effective than HPO in increasing CLA concentration in milk fat and reducing the atherogenicity index, improving milk quality from the human health standpoint

Effects of dietary sources of vegetable fats on performance of dairy ewes and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk.

effects of dietary sources of vegetable fats on performance of dairy ewes and conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in milk.

supplementing ration lactating ewes vegetable fats sunflower hydrogenated palm hidropalm diet digestibility milk milk conjugated linoleic vaccenic fatty milk fat. treatments diet diets supplemented basis. pregnant lactating lacaune ewes replicated latin design. vegetable supplement diet digestibility crude ether extract neutral detergent fibre detergent fibre lacaune dairy ewes lactation milk milk divided sized assigned diets weeks. supplementation milk corrected milk. neither vegetable supplement percentages milk. supplementation milk fat. supplementation milk diet. supplementation milk milk. adding moderate diets milk fat. nevertheless supplementation milk reducing atherogenicity improving milk standpoint

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148661116

10.1002/pip.1004

Field data of soiling energy losses on PV plants are scarce. Furthermore, since dirt type and accumulation vary with the location characteristics (climate, surroundings, etc.), the available data on optical losses are, necessarily, site dependent. This paper presents field measurements of dirt energy losses (dust) and irradiance incidence angle losses along 2005 on a solar-tracking PV plant located south of Navarre (Spain). The paper proposes a method to calculate these losses based on the difference between irradiance measured by calibrated cells on several trackers of the PV plant and irradiance calculated from measurements by two pyranometers (one of them incorporating a shadow ring) regularly cleaned. The equivalent optical energy losses of an installation incorporating fixed horizontal modules at the same location have been calculated as well. The effect of dirt on both types of installations will accordingly be compared

Soiling and other optical losses in solar-tracking PV plants in Navarra

soiling and other optical losses in solar-tracking pv plants in navarra

soiling losses scarce. dirt accumulation vary surroundings etc. losses necessarily dependent. presents dirt losses irradiance incidence losses tracking navarre spain proposes losses irradiance calibrated trackers irradiance pyranometers incorporating shadow regularly cleaned. losses installation incorporating modules well. dirt installations accordingly

exact_dup

148668635

10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2013.03.033

Nanofibrillar Al2O3–Y3Al5O12–ZrO2 eutectic rods were manufactured by directional solidification from the melt at high growth rates in an inert atmosphere using the laser-heated floating zone method. Under conditions of cooperative growth, the ternary eutectic presented a homogeneous microstructure, formed by bundles of single-crystal c-oriented Al2O3 and Y3Al5O12 (YAG) whiskers of ≈100 nm in width with smaller Y2O3-doped ZrO2 (YSZ) whiskers between them. Owing to the anisotropic fibrillar microstructure, Al2O3–YAG–YSZ ternary eutectics present high strength and toughness at ambient temperature while they exhibit superplastic behavior at 1600 K and above. Careful examination of the deformed samples by transmission electron microscopy did not show any evidence of dislocation activity and superplastic deformation was attributed to mass-transport by diffusion within the nanometric domains. This combination of high strength and toughness at ambient temperature together with the ability to support large deformations without failure above 1600 K is unique and shows a large potential to develop new structural materials for very high temperature structural applications

Superplastic deformation of directionally solidified nanofibrillar Al2O3-Y3Al5O12-ZrO2 eutectics

superplastic deformation of directionally solidified nanofibrillar al2o3-y3al5o12-zro2 eutectics

nanofibrillar –zro eutectic rods manufactured directional solidification melt inert atmosphere heated floating method. cooperative ternary eutectic homogeneous microstructure bundles oriented whiskers doped whiskers them. owing anisotropic fibrillar microstructure –yag–ysz ternary eutectics toughness ambient exhibit superplastic above. careful examination deformed microscopy dislocation superplastic deformation attributed nanometric domains. toughness ambient deformations

exact_dup

148671486

10.1016/j.tsf.2012.11.112

Nowadays, dispersion correction applied on layered semiconductors is a topic of interest. Among the known layered semiconductors, SnS2 polytypes are wide gap semiconductors with a van der Waals interaction between their layers, which could form good materials to be used in photovoltaic applications. The present work gives an approach to the SnS2 geometrical and electronic characterization using an empirical dispersion correction added to the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof functional and subsequent actualization of the electronic charge density using the screened hybrid Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof functional using a density functional code. The obtained interlayer distance and band-gap are in good agreement with experimental values when van der Waals dispersion forces are included

Effect of van der Waals interaction on the properties of SnS2 layered semiconductor

effect of van der waals interaction on the properties of sns2 layered semiconductor

nowadays layered semiconductors topic interest. layered semiconductors polytypes semiconductors waals photovoltaic applications. geometrical perdew–burke–ernzerhof actualization screened hybrid heyd–scuseria–ernzerhof code. interlayer waals forces

exact_dup

148673660

10.1007/s11357-014-9643-2

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a stage between healthy aging and dementia. Functional connectivity is widely used to study the brain activity during resting state or cognitive tasks. We aimed to determine the functional connectivity changes required to deal with an Internally Directed Cognitive State (IDICS) in healthy aging and MCI. This task differs from the most commonly employed in Magnetoencephalograpy (MEG)/ Electroencephalography (EEG), since inhibition from external stimuli is needed, and it allows the study of this control mechanism in healthy and pathological aging. To this end, MEG signals were acquired from 32 healthy individuals and 38 MCI patients, both in resting state and while performing a subtraction task of two levels of difficulty. Phase Locking Value (PLV) was calculated for five frequency bands: delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma. Synchronization patterns changed in both groups while performing the task. MCI patients presented higher connectivity changes than those in the control group, and this was related to a lower cognitive performance. In particular, in MCIs a hypersynchronization in delta, theta, beta and gamma bands was found, which reveals an abnormal functioning in this group. Contrary to controls, MCIs presented a lack of synchronization in the alpha band which may denote an inhibition deficit. Additionally, the magnitude of connectivity changes rose with the task difficulty in controls but not in MCIs, in line with the CRUNCH model (Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis)

Synchronization during an internally directed cognitive state in healthy aging and mild cognitive impairment: a MEG study

synchronization during an internally directed cognitive state in healthy aging and mild cognitive impairment: a meg study

mild impairment healthy aging dementia. connectivity widely resting tasks. aimed connectivity deal internally directed idics healthy aging mci. differs commonly magnetoencephalograpy electroencephalography stimuli healthy pathological aging. acquired healthy resting performing subtraction difficulty. locking delta theta alpha beta gamma. synchronization changed performing task. connectivity performance. mcis hypersynchronization delta theta beta gamma reveals abnormal functioning group. contrary mcis synchronization alpha deficit. additionally connectivity rose difficulty mcis crunch compensation utilization circuits

exact_dup

14981326

10.1103/PhysRevA.67.040304

We examine three possible implementations of non-deterministic linear optical cnot gates with a view to an in-principle demonstration in the near future. To this end we consider demonstrating the gates using currently available sources such as spontaneous parametric down conversion and coherent states, and current detectors only able to distinguish between zero or many photons. The demonstration is possible in the co-incidence basis and the errors introduced by the non-optimal input states and detectors are analysed

Input States for Quantum Gates

input states for quantum gates

examine implementations deterministic cnot gates demonstration future. demonstrating gates spontaneous parametric conversion coherent detectors distinguish photons. demonstration incidence detectors analysed

exact_dup

150211701

10.1007/s00477-015-1111-8

In some diseases it is well-known that a unimodal mortality pattern exists. A clear example in developed countries is breast cancer, where mortality increased sharply until the nineties and then decreased. This clear unimodal pattern is not necessarily applicable to all regions within a country. In this paper, we develop statistical tools to check if the unimodality pattern persists within regions using order restricted inference. Break points as well as con dence intervals are also provided. In addition, a new test for checking monotonicity against unimodality is derived allowing to discriminate between a simple increasing pattern and an up-then-down response pattern. A comparison with the widely used joinpoint regression technique under unimodality is provided. We show that the joinpoint technique could fail when the underlying function is not piecewise linear. Results will be illustrated using age-speci c breast cancer mortality data from Spain in the period 1975-2005.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación grant (MTM2012-37129)Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation project MTM 2011-22664Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and FEDER grant MTM2014-51992-RHealth Department of Navarre Government (Project 113, Res. 2186/2014

Checking unimodality using isotonic regression: an application to breast cancer mortality rates

checking unimodality using isotonic regression: an application to breast cancer mortality rates

unimodal exists. breast sharply nineties decreased. unimodal necessarily applicable country. check unimodality persists restricted inference. break dence intervals provided. checking monotonicity unimodality allowing discriminate pattern. widely joinpoint unimodality provided. joinpoint fail piecewise linear. illustrated speci breast spain .ministerio ciencia innovación spanish ministry innovation ministerio ciencia innovación feder rhealth navarre res.

exact_dup

152286753

10.1016/j.nima.2007.07.100

11th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation (February 2007) , to appear in the Proceedings (NIM A)International audienceMicropattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGD), like Micromegas or GEM, are used or foreseen in particle physics experiments for which a very good spatial resolution is required. We have developed an experimental method to separate the contribution of the transverse diffusion and the multiplication process by varying the number of primary electrons generated by a point-like source. A pulsed nitrogen laser is focused by an optical set-up on the drift electrode which is made of a thin metal layer deposited on a quartz lamina. The number of primary electrons can be adjusted from a few to several thousands on a spot which transverse size is less than $100 \mu m$ RMS. The detector can be positioned with an accuracy of $1\mu m$ by a motorized three dimensional system. This method was applied to a small Micromegas detector with a gain set between $10^3$ and $2.10^4$ and an injection of 60 to 2000 photoelectrons. Spatial resolutions as small as $5\mu m$ were measured with 2000 primary electrons. An estimation of the upper limit of the relative gain variance can be obtained from the measurements

MPGD's spatial and energy resolution studies with an adjustable point-like electron source

mpgd's spatial and energy resolution studies with an adjustable point-like electron source

vienna instrumentation february audiencemicropattern gaseous detectors mpgd micromegas foreseen required. multiplication source. pulsed nitrogen focused drift electrode deposited quartz lamina. adjusted thousands spot rms. positioned motorized system. micromegas injection photoelectrons. resolutions electrons.

exact_dup

154417613

10.1016/j.coviro.2016.11.001

Bacterial, viral and parasitic zoonotic pathogens that transmit via the fecal-oral route have a major impact on global health. However, the mechanisms underlying the emergence of such pathogens from the animal reservoir and their persistence in the human population are poorly understood. Here, we present a framework of human-to-human transmission of zoonotic pathogens that considers the factors relevant for fecal-oral human-to-human transmission route at the levels of host, pathogen, and environment. We discuss current data gaps and propose future research directions

Sustained fecal-oral human-to-human transmission following a zoonotic event

sustained fecal-oral human-to-human transmission following a zoonotic event

bacterial viral parasitic zoonotic pathogens transmit fecal oral route health. emergence pathogens reservoir persistence poorly understood. zoonotic pathogens considers fecal oral route pathogen environment. gaps propose directions

exact_dup

162903719

10.1007/s40309-015-0066-9

The analysis of Wild Cards, potential low-likelihood but high-impact events, in foresight studies is important in order to counter the tendency of decision makers to deny major surprises. This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis of 14 technological, geopolitical and societal Wild Cards in the transport field, carried out within the EU FP7 project RACE2050. The Wild Cards were elicited through interviews and in brainstorming sessions, and then assessed in an online expert survey. For each Wild Card, experts assessed likelihood in different time-frames, the impact on and vulnerability of different industry segments, the breadth of the effect, and the importance for decision makers to prepare. Some weak signals that may hint at a growing likelihood of certain Wild Cards were also suggested. Results show that the likelihood rises with time. Several Wild Cards reach high likelihood in 2040 or beyond, while the time by which full impact is reached varies. Based on these findings challenges and threats for transport have been identified, pointing to the fact that further research should focus on complex scenario building based on interlinks between ongoing trends and Wild Cards

Wild cards in transport

wild cards in transport

cards likelihood foresight counter tendency makers deny surprises. presents technological geopolitical societal cards race cards elicited interviews brainstorming sessions expert survey. card experts likelihood frames vulnerability segments breadth makers prepare. hint growing likelihood cards suggested. likelihood rises time. cards likelihood reached varies. challenges threats pointing interlinks ongoing cards

exact_dup

16412765

10.1063/1.4753839

Concentration photovoltaic (CPV) systems might produce quite uneven irradiance distributions (both on their level and on their spectral distribution) on the solar cell. This effect can be even more evident when the CPV system is slightly off-axis, since they are often designed to assure good uniformity only at normal incidence. The non-uniformities both in absolute irradiance and spectral content produced by the CPV systems, can originate electrical losses in multi-junction solar cells (MJSC). This works is focused on the integration of ray-tracing methods for simulating the irradiance and spectrum maps produced by different optic systems throughout the solar cell surface, with a 3D fully distributed circuit model which simulates the electrical behavior of a state-of-the-art triple-junction solar cell under the different light distributions obtained with ray-tracing. In this study four different CPV system (SILO, XTP, RTP, and FK) comprising Fresnel lenses concentrating sunlight onto the same solar cell are modeled when working on-axis and 0.6 degrees off-axis. In this study the impact of non-uniformities on a CPV system behavior is revealed. The FK outperforms other Fresnel-based CPV systems in both on-axis and off-axis conditions

Triple-junction solar cell performance under Fresnel-based concentrators taking into account chromatic aberration and off-axis operation

triple-junction solar cell performance under fresnel-based concentrators taking into account chromatic aberration and off-axis operation

photovoltaic uneven irradiance cell. evident assure uniformity incidence. uniformities irradiance originate electrical losses junction mjsc focused tracing simulating irradiance optic circuit simulates electrical triple junction tracing. silo comprising fresnel lenses concentrating sunlight modeled axis. uniformities revealed. outperforms fresnel

exact_dup

18424514

10.1007/s00542-010-1198-2

In this work, we analyze the influence of the processing pressure and the substrate–target distance on the synthesis by reactive sputtering of c-axis oriented polycrystalline aluminum nitride thin films deposited on Si(100) wafers. The crystalline quality of AlN has been characterized by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD). The films exhibited a very high degree of c-axis orientation especially when a low process pressure was used. After growth, residual stress measurements obtained indirectly from radius of curvature measurements of the wafer prior and after deposition are also provided. Two different techniques are used to determine the curvature—an optically levered laser beam and a method based on X-ray diffraction. There is a transition from compressive to tensile stress at a processing pressure around 2 mTorr. The transition occurs at different pressures for thin films of different thickness. The degree of c-axis orientation was not affected by the target–substrate distance as it was varied in between 30 and 70 mm

Effect of substrate-target distance and sputtering pressure in the synthesis of AlN thin films

effect of substrate-target distance and sputtering pressure in the synthesis of aln thin films

analyze substrate–target reactive sputtering oriented polycrystalline aluminum nitride films deposited wafers. crystalline diffraction films exhibited used. residual indirectly curvature wafer deposition provided. curvature—an optically levered diffraction. compressive tensile mtorr. pressures films thickness. target–substrate varied

exact_dup

188011903

10.1016/j.ejor.2018.11.066

Producción CientíficaThis paper investigates whether manufacturers can use the timing (sequence) of their pricing and ad- vertising decisions to benefit from or to deter store brand (SB) introductions. We develop and solve six sequential game-theoretic models for a bilateral channel where different timing of these decisions are considered before and after the retailer introduces a store brand. Comparisons of equilibrium solutions across games show that the sequence of pricing and advertising decisions in the channel significantly im- pacts the profitability of a store brand entry by the retailer. Such impact depends on: (1) whether each channel member decides on pricing and advertising simultaneously or sequentially prior to the SB entry, (2) whether the timing chosen for these decisions changes following the SB introduction , and (3) the intensity of competition between the store and national brands (NB). In particular, the SB entry leads to losses for the manufacturer when the sequence of advertising and pricing decisions is kept unchanged after the SB entry even when it is much differentiated from the NB. These results offer new perspectives on the effects of store brand entry in distribution channels, and suggest that for low levels of competition intensity between the NB and the SB, the manufacturer can either prevent or benefit from the retailer’s brand given an adjustment in the sequence of the manufacturer’s decisions.MEC under projects ECO2014-52343-P and ECO2017-82227-P, co- financed by FEDER fundsJunta de Castilla y León under projects VA024P17 and VA105G18 co-financed by FEDER fund

Fighting store brands through the strategic timing of pricing and advertising decisions

fighting store brands through the strategic timing of pricing and advertising decisions

producción científicathis investigates manufacturers timing pricing vertising decisions benefit deter store brand introductions. solve sequential game theoretic bilateral timing decisions retailer introduces store brand. comparisons games pricing advertising decisions pacts profitability store brand entry retailer. member decides pricing advertising simultaneously sequentially entry timing decisions competition store brands entry losses manufacturer advertising pricing decisions kept unchanged entry differentiated offer perspectives store brand entry competition manufacturer prevent benefit retailer’s brand adjustment manufacturer’s decisions.mec projects financed feder fundsjunta castilla león projects financed feder fund

exact_dup

19125378

10.1002/ajpa.20160

The role of new bone formation on visceral surfaces of ribs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in past human populations has been explored by many researchers, using both skeletal remains with known causes of death and archaeological samples. This study focuses, firstly, on adult skeletons from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection in Portugal and investigates the skeletal manifestations of individuals known to have died from TB; secondly, this study focuses on the role of rib lesions in the diagnostic criteria for TB. One hundred and fifty-seven males and 106 females aged between 22-87 years were examined; causes of death were assigned as pulmonary TB, extrapulmonary TB, and pulmonary non-TB; a control group, extrapulmonary non-TB, was selected from the remaining individuals. Of individuals with rib lesions, 85.7% (69/81) had pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB as an assigned cause of death, while 17.8% (16/90) of individuals with rib lesions had a non-TB cause of death. Rib lesions were significantly more common in individuals who had died from TB, although the lesions cannot be considered pathognomonic for TB. In individuals dying from pulmonary TB, ribs in the central part of the rib cage were most affected, at their vertebral ends. The lower part of the rib cage may be a marker for peritoneal TB, and ldquocoral-likerdquo new bone formation on ribs may be an indicator of neoplastic disease. Further work on rib involvement in TB in clinical contexts, and the study of further documented skeletal collections, are recommended. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.2016

Anatomy of a serial killer: Differential diagnosis of tuberculosis based on rib lesions of adult individuals from the Coimbra identified skeletal collection, Portugal

anatomy of a serial killer: differential diagnosis of tuberculosis based on rib lesions of adult individuals from the coimbra identified skeletal collection, portugal

visceral ribs tuberculosis explored researchers skeletal archaeological samples. focuses firstly skeletons coimbra skeletal portugal investigates skeletal manifestations died secondly focuses lesions diagnostic hundred fifty seven males females aged assigned pulmonary extrapulmonary pulmonary extrapulmonary individuals. lesions pulmonary extrapulmonary assigned lesions death. lesions died lesions pathognomonic dying pulmonary ribs cage vertebral ends. cage marker peritoneal ldquocoral likerdquo ribs indicator neoplastic disease. involvement contexts documented skeletal collections recommended. anthropol wiley liss inc. ajpa.

exact_dup

19125504

10.1002/ppsc.19910080153

The calibration of electrical sensing zone instruments is normally achieved by using spherical particles with a certified size. An alternative and more fundamental procedure, known as mass or self-calibration, is to use particles of the material under test.This work concerns the mass calibration technique, in particular the equations used to calculate the mass calibration constant. It is demonstrated that some of the published expressions are inconsistent. An expression particularly suitable for the Coulter Counter Model ZM has been derived and validated. Some experiments were also performed using irregular particles, in order to compare both calibration methods.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.1991008015

Mass Calibration of the Coulter Counter Model ZM

mass calibration of the coulter counter model zm

calibration electrical sensing instruments normally spherical certified size. calibration test.this concerns calibration calibration constant. expressions inconsistent. coulter counter validated. irregular calibration methods. ppsc.

exact_dup

19125588

10.1002/ejoc.200400461

In this paper we describe a new environmentally friendly method to promote the stereoselective epoxidation of Delta4- and Delta5-steroids. Metalloporphyrins efficiently catalyze the epoxidation reactions of 17beta-acetoxy-4-androstene (1), 4-cholestene (2) and 3beta-acetoxy-5-cholestene (3) in the presence of H2O2 as oxygen donor. Modeling the molecular structure of the porphyrin as well as the central metal allows the control of the preferential formation of alpha- or beta-epoxides. Porphyrins with bulky, electron-withdrawing groups in the ortho positions of the meso phenyls and with MnIII as the central metal ion, such as [Mn(TDCPP)Cl], gave preferentially the beta-epoxide of Delta4- and Delta5-steroids. [Fe(TPFPP)Cl] catalyzes preferentially the alpha-epoxidation of Delta4-steroids and also increases the stereoselectivity for the alpha-epoxide in Delta5-steroids, similar to the results obtained with m-CPBA (m-chloroperbenzoic acid) as oxidant. The substrate structure strongly influences the chemoselectivity of the reactions. The X-ray structures of two main products were determined, and two-dimensional NMR techniques allowed the full assignment of 1H and 13C NMR resonances as well as the stereochemistry of these products. A mechanistic proposal involving oxo species for the beta-approach and peroxy species for the alpha-approach is proposed. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.20040046

Oxidation of Δ4- and Δ5-Steroids with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Porphyrin Complexes of MnIIIand FeIII

oxidation of δ4- and δ5-steroids with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by porphyrin complexes of mniiiand feiii

environmentally friendly promote stereoselective epoxidation delta delta steroids. metalloporphyrins efficiently catalyze epoxidation beta acetoxy androstene cholestene beta acetoxy cholestene donor. porphyrin preferential alpha beta epoxides. porphyrins bulky withdrawing ortho meso phenyls mniii tdcpp gave preferentially beta epoxide delta delta steroids. tpfpp catalyzes preferentially alpha epoxidation delta steroids stereoselectivity alpha epoxide delta steroids cpba chloroperbenzoic oxidant. influences chemoselectivity reactions. assignment resonances stereochemistry products. mechanistic proposal involving beta peroxy alpha proposed. wiley verlag gmbh kgaa weinheim ejoc.

exact_dup

19125856

10.1007/s00421-007-0630-5

Abstract The present work is essentially dedicated to the study of cold thermal environments. The analysis includes 32 industrial units from 6 activity sectors and the measurements were carried out in 101 workplaces. Different environmental conditions were identified and a clear relationship with the different types of workplaces was established. The work environments were thus allocated to three typical exposure categories corresponding to freezing and refrigerating cold stores and free-running or controlled air temperature manufacturing workplaces. In order to characterize the level of cold exposure, the method proposed by ISO/TR 11079, Technical Report, 1st edn, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva (1993) was adopted. The results for each activity sector demonstrate that a significant percentage of workers are repeatedly exposed to extreme conditions with insufficient clothing insulation. A value between 20 and 40% corresponds to the most critical situation, where the selected clothing ensemble does not provide adequate insulation (I clr &lt; IREQ min). The ideal scenario, represented by I clr values between IREQ min and IREQ neutral, shows the lowest percentages with an overall result of only 10%. When all the sectors are considered together, from a total of 3,667 workers, about one-third (1,151) are exposed to the cold. Among the workplaces under analysis, 14 are characterized by a continuous exposure greater than the DLE neutral. Those who work under such conditions, on average, have a time shift 60 min longer than the calculated DLE value.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0630-

Occupational exposure to cold thermal environments: a field study in Portugal

occupational exposure to cold thermal environments: a field study in portugal

essentially dedicated cold environments. industrial sectors workplaces. workplaces established. environments allocated categories freezing refrigerating cold stores running manufacturing workplaces. characterize cold standardization geneva adopted. workers repeatedly exposed extreme insufficient clothing insulation. clothing ensemble adequate insulation ireq ideal ireq ireq neutral percentages sectors workers exposed cold. workplaces neutral. value.

exact_dup

19125955

10.1007/s10750-005-1102-8

Previous studies have shown that when an ecosystem consists of many interacting components it becomes impossible to understand how it functions by focussing only on individual relationships. Alternatively, one can attempt to quantify system behaviour as a whole by developing ecological indicators that combine numerous environmental factors into a single value. One such holistic measure, called the system ‘ascendency’, arises from the analysis of networks of trophic exchanges. It deals with the joint quantification of overall system activity with the organisation of the component processes and can be used specifically to identify the occurrence of eutrophication. System ascendency analyses were applied to data over a gradient of eutrophication in a well documented small temperate intertidal estuary. Three areas were compared along the gradient, respectively, non eutrophic, intermediate eutrophic, and strongly eutrophic. Values of other measures related to the ascendency, such as the total system throughput, development capacity, and average mutual information, as well as the ascendency itself, were clearly higher in the non-eutrophic area. When the whole-system properties of the three areas were compared, however, the values associated with the intermediate eutrophic area turned out to be the lowest, which possibly could be attributed to the unstable nature of this area. The current study provided an example of how the measures arising out of?network analysis might lead to an improved understanding of the system functioning and of the eutrophication process itself.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-1102-

Ascendency as Ecological Indicator for Environmental Quality Assessment at the Ecosystem Level: A Case Study

ascendency as ecological indicator for environmental quality assessment at the ecosystem level: a case study

ecosystem interacting impossible focussing relationships. alternatively attempt quantify ecological indicators combine numerous value. holistic ‘ascendency’ arises trophic exchanges. deals quantification organisation occurrence eutrophication. ascendency eutrophication documented temperate intertidal estuary. eutrophic eutrophic eutrophic. ascendency throughput mutual ascendency eutrophic area. eutrophic turned possibly attributed unstable area. arising functioning eutrophication itself.

exact_dup

19452421

10.1002/brb3.184

Contains fulltext : 122473.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Background Fast detection and identification of objects in an environment is important for using objects as landmarks during navigation. While adults rapidly process objects within an environment and use landmarks during navigation, infants do not routinely use distal landmarks below the age of 18 months. In the current event-related potential (ERP) study we adopted an oddball paradigm to examine whether infants are capable of processing objects in environments, which is a prerequisite for using objects as landmarks. Methods We measured the electrophysiological correlates and time courses related to the processing of changes in object location, object identity, and a switch of two objects. Results Twelve-month-old infants showed an Nc (negative central) effect reflecting increased attention likely caused by initial change detection within 300 msec for all three manipulations. In addition, they showed conscious processing of an object change and a location change as evidenced by a positive slow wave (PSW). Conclusion This study is the first to show that infants are capable of rapidly detecting changes in single objects when these are presented in an environment, but lack conscious detection of a switch. These results indicate that 12-month-old infants as yet lack the ability to rapidly bind the identity and location of multiple objects within an environment

Infants' object location and identity processing in spatial scenes: an ERP study

infants' object location and identity processing in spatial scenes: an erp study

fulltext .pdf publisher landmarks navigation. adults rapidly landmarks navigation infants routinely distal landmarks months. adopted oddball paradigm examine infants capable environments prerequisite landmarks. electrophysiological correlates courses switch objects. twelve month infants reflecting msec manipulations. conscious evidenced slow infants capable rapidly detecting conscious switch. month infants rapidly bind

exact_dup

196152826

10.1016/j.ejor.2018.12.045

We analyze a transboundary pollution differential game where, in addition to the standard temporal dimension, a spatial dimension is introduced to capture the geographical relationships among regions. Each region behaves strategically and maximizes its welfare net of environmental damage caused by the pollutant stock. The emission-output ratio is reduced by investment in region specific clean technology which evolves over time. The spatio-temporal dynamics of the pollutant stock is described by a parabolic partial differential equation. Using aggregate variables we study the feedback Nash equilibrium of a discrete- space model which could be seen as a space discretization of the continuous-space model. The discrete- space model presents the three main features of the original formulation: the model is truly dynamic; the agents behave strategically; and the model incorporates spatial aspects. For special functional forms previously used in the literature we analytically characterize the feedback Nash equilibrium and evaluate the impact of the introduction of the spatial dimension in the economic-environmental model. We show that our spatial model is a generalization of the model that disregards the spatial aspects. We analytically show that as the parameter describing how pollution diffuses among regions tends to infinity the equilibrium policies converge to those in the non-spatial setting. In the non-cooperative framework the spatially non-myopic behavior prescribes lower equilibrium emission rates, and consequently a lower global pollution stock. This is compatible with greater long-run welfares. In the cooperative framework, although the strategic interaction among the players does not exist, the only decision-maker still makes spatially strategic decisions.MINECO/AEI Projects MTM2016-78995-P, ECO2014-52343-P, ECO2017-82227-PJunta de Castilla y León, Projects VA024P17 and VA105G1

Spatial vs. non-spatial transboundary pollution control in a class of cooperative and non-cooperative dynamic games

spatial vs. non-spatial transboundary pollution control in a class of cooperative and non-cooperative dynamic games

analyze transboundary pollution game capture geographical regions. behaves strategically maximizes welfare pollutant stock. investment clean evolves time. spatio pollutant stock parabolic equation. aggregate nash discretization model. presents formulation truly behave strategically incorporates aspects. analytically characterize nash model. generalization disregards aspects. analytically describing pollution diffuses tends infinity policies converge setting. cooperative spatially myopic prescribes pollution stock. compatible welfares. cooperative strategic players maker spatially strategic decisions.mineco projects pjunta castilla león projects

exact_dup

28950284

10.1038/kisup.2011.8

It is believed that blocking positive T-cell co-stimulatory pathways should lead to long-term graft acceptance. Despite the exciting initial achievements in experimental animal models, targeting co-stimulatory pathways has shown to be much more complex in the clinic. In addition to multiple binding partners, some co-stimulatory interactions have been found to be inhibitory in nature, whereas others were demonstrated to be important in the development of regulatory T cells. Moreover, memory T cells have been shown to be resistant to co-stimulation blockade. Herein we focus on the B7:CD28 pathway and describe the evolution of targeting this pathway with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4-Ig from bench to clinic. We also attempt to address possible causes for the unexpected high rejection rate observed in the phase III clinical trials with belatacept, using experimental data obtained from basic science research

T-cell co-stimulatory blockade in kidney transplantation: back to the bench

t-cell co-stimulatory blockade in kidney transplantation: back to the bench

believed blocking stimulatory pathways graft acceptance. exciting achievements targeting stimulatory pathways clinic. partners stimulatory inhibitory regulatory cells. resistant stimulation blockade. herein targeting cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen bench clinic. attempt unexpected rejection belatacept

exact_dup

29520312

10.1007/JHEP07(2015)166

An angular analysis of the decay $B_s^0 \rightarrow K^{*0}\bar{K}{}^{*0}$ is performed using $pp$ collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.0$ ${fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV. A combined angular and mass analysis separates six helicity amplitudes and allows the measurement of the longitudinal polarisation fraction $f_L = 0.201 \pm 0.057 {(stat.)} \pm 0.040{(syst.)}$ for the $B_s^0 \rightarrow K^*(892)^0 \bar{K}{}^*(892)^0$ decay. A large scalar contribution from the $K^{*}_{0}(1430)$ and $K^{*}_{0}(800)$ resonances is found, allowing the determination of additional $CP$ asymmetries. Triple product and direct $CP$ asymmetries are determined to be compatible with the Standard Model expectations. The branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \rightarrow K^*(892)^0 \bar{K}{}^*(892)^0)$ is measured to be $(10.8 \pm 2.1 {\ \rm (stat.)} \pm 1.4 {\ \rm (syst.)} \pm 0.6 \ (f_d/f_s) ) \times 10^{-6}$

Measurement of $CP$ asymmetries and polarisation fractions in $B_s^0 \rightarrow K^{*0}\bar{K}{}^{*0}$ decays

measurement of $cp$ asymmetries and polarisation fractions in $b_s^0 \rightarrow k^{*0}\bar{k}{}^{*0}$ decays

rightarrow collisions luminosity lhcb sqrt tev. separates helicity amplitudes longitudinal polarisation stat. syst. rightarrow decay. resonances allowing asymmetries. triple asymmetries compatible expectations. branching mathcal rightarrow stat. syst.

exact_dup

31008847

10.1007/s13272-013-0094

Aircraft wake vortex evolution in ground\ud proximity is investigated experimentally in a water towing\ud tank, as well as numerically with wall-resolved large eddy\ud simulation (LES). With these complementary instruments\ud the enhancement of wake vortex decay by obstacles,\ud introduced at the ground surface, is analyzed. The experimental\ud methods include time-resolved stereo particle\ud image velocimetry and vortex core visualization. For\ud comparison with the experiment, the LES considers the\ud turbulent wake of the strut, holding the towed aircraft\ud model. Wake vortex trajectories and circulation decay are\ud compared at different distances from the obstacle. Tracers\ud are employed to visualize the obstacle’s effects on the\ud vortex core, in LES and experiment. The experimentally\ud obtained trajectories and decay characteristics are reproduced\ud qualitatively by simulations, whereas the agreement\ud is degraded at later times

Enhancement of aircraft wake vortex decay in ground proximity\ud Experiment versus Simulation

enhancement of aircraft wake vortex decay in ground proximity\ud experiment versus simulation

aircraft wake vortex proximity experimentally towing tank numerically resolved eddy complementary instruments enhancement wake vortex obstacles analyzed. resolved stereo velocimetry vortex visualization. considers turbulent wake strut holding towed aircraft model. wake vortex trajectories circulation distances obstacle. tracers visualize obstacle’s vortex experiment. experimentally trajectories reproduced qualitatively degraded

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33176766

10.1007/978-3-319-14325-5_39

Reproducible research in scientific workflows is often addressed by tracking the provenance of the produced results. While this approach allows inspecting intermediate and final results, improves understanding, and permits replaying a workflow execution, it does not ensure that the computational environment is available for subsequent executions to reproduce the experiment. In this work, we propose describing the resources involved in the execution of an experiment using a set of semantic vocabularies, so as to conserve the computational environment. We define a process for documenting the workflow application, management system, and their dependencies based on 4 domain ontologies. We then conduct an experimental evaluation using a real workflow application on an academic and a public Cloud platform. Results show that our approach can reproduce an equivalent execution environment of a predefined virtual machine image on both computing platforms

A semantic-based approach to attain reproducibility of computational environments in scientific workflows: a case study

a semantic-based approach to attain reproducibility of computational environments in scientific workflows: a case study

reproducible workflows addressed tracking provenance results. inspecting improves permits replaying workflow execution ensure executions reproduce experiment. propose describing execution semantic vocabularies conserve environment. documenting workflow dependencies ontologies. conduct workflow academic platform. reproduce execution predefined virtual machine platforms

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35091897

10.1007/JHEP02(2015)030

We consider the fluid dual of ( d + 2)-dimensional vacuum Einstein equation either with or without a cosmological constant. The background solutions admit black hole event horizons and the spatial sections of the horizons are conformally flat. Therefore, a d -dimensional flat Euclidean space E d $$ {\mathbb{E}}^d $$ is contained in the conformal class of the spatial section of the black hole horizon. A compressible, forced, stationary and viscous fluid system can be constructed on the product (Newtonian) spacetime ℝ × E d $$ \mathbb{R}\times {\mathbb{E}}^d $$ as the lowest order fluctuation modes around such black hole background. This construction provides the first example of holographic duality which is beyond the class of bulk/boundary correspondence

Flat space compressible fluid as holographic dual of black hole with curved horizon

flat space compressible fluid as holographic dual of black hole with curved horizon

einstein cosmological constant. admit horizons horizons conformally flat. euclidean mathbb conformal horizon. compressible forced stationary viscous newtonian spacetime mathbb mathbb fluctuation background. holographic duality correspondence

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35092196

10.1007/JHEP08(2015)035

We use the Chern-Simons formulation of higher spin theories in three dimensions to study aspects of holographic W-gravity. Concepts which were useful in studies of pure bulk gravity theories, such as the Fefferman-Graham gauge and the residual gauge transformations, which induce Weyl transformations in the boundary theory and their higher spin generalizations, are reformulated in the Chern-Simons language. Flat connections that correspond to conformal and lightcone gauges in the boundary theory are considered

Some aspects of holographic W-gravity

some aspects of holographic w-gravity

chern simons formulation holographic gravity. concepts fefferman graham residual transformations induce weyl transformations generalizations reformulated chern simons language. connections conformal lightcone gauges

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35094377

10.1023/B:JOSS.0000019815.11115.54

In this paper, we study the high temperature or low connectivity phase of the Viana-Bray model. This is a diluted version of the well known Sherrington-Kirkpatrick mean field spin glass. In the whole replica symmetric region, we obtain a complete control of the system, proving annealing for the infinite volume free energy, and a central limit theorem for the suitably rescaled fluctuations of the multi-overlaps. Moreover, we show that free energy fluctuations, on the scale 1/N, converge in the infinite volume limit to a non-Gaussian random variable, whose variance diverges at the boundary of the replica-symmetric region. The connection with the fully connected Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model is discussed

The high temperature region of the Viana-Bray diluted spin glass model

the high temperature region of the viana-bray diluted spin glass model

connectivity viana bray model. diluted sherrington kirkpatrick glass. replica proving annealing infinite suitably rescaled overlaps. converge infinite diverges replica region. connection sherrington kirkpatrick

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41119468

10.1016/j.jebo.2009.08.010

We show that the effectiveness of transaction taxes depends on the market microstructure. Within our model, heterogeneous traders use a blend of technical and fundamental trading strategies to determine their orders. In addition, they may become inactive if the profitability of trading decreases. We find that in a continuous double auction market the imposition of a transaction tax is not likely to stabilize financial markets since a reduction in market liquidity amplifies the average price impact of a given order. In a dealership market, however, abundant liquidity is provided by specialists, and thus a transaction tax may reduce volatility by crowding out speculative orders

Some effects of transaction taxes under different microstructures

some effects of transaction taxes under different microstructures

effectiveness transaction taxes microstructure. heterogeneous traders blend trading orders. inactive profitability trading decreases. auction imposition transaction stabilize markets liquidity amplifies order. dealership abundant liquidity specialists transaction volatility crowding speculative orders

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43364915

10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.077

This study investigates the rates of primary psychotic disorders (PPD) and substance-induced psychotic disorders (SIPDs) in methamphetamine (MA) users accessing needle and syringe programs (NSPs). The aim was to determine if there are systematic differences in the characteristics of MA users with PPDs and SIPDs compared to those with no psychotic disorder. Participants were 198 MA users reporting use in the previous month. Diagnosis was determined using the Psychiatric Research Interview for DSM-IV Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM-IV). Current psychiatric symptoms and substance use were also measured. Just over half (n=101) of participants met DSM-IV criteria for a lifetime psychotic disorder, including 81 (80%) with a SIPD and 20 (20%) with a PPD. Those with a younger age of onset of weekly MA use were at increased risk of a lifetime SIPD. A current psychotic disorder was found in 62 (39%), comprising 49 SIPDs (79%) and 13 PPDs (21%). MA users with a current PPD were more likely to have received psychiatric treatment in the past month than those with a current SIPD, despite a similar level of psychotic symptom severity. A high proportion of MA users accessing NSPs have psychotic disorders, the majority of which are substance-induced

Primary and substance-induced psychotic disorders in methamphetamine users

primary and substance-induced psychotic disorders in methamphetamine users

investigates psychotic disorders substance psychotic disorders sipds methamphetamine accessing needle syringe programs nsps ppds sipds psychotic disorder. reporting month. psychiatric interview substance disorders prism psychiatric substance measured. lifetime psychotic disorder sipd ppd. younger onset weekly lifetime sipd. psychotic disorder comprising sipds ppds psychiatric month sipd psychotic symptom severity. proportion accessing nsps psychotic disorders majority substance

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44160021

10.1063/1.2399698

The influence of the observed relict vacuum energy on the fluctuations of CMBR going through cosmological matter condensations is studied in the framework of the Einstein-Strauss-de Sitter vakuola model. It is shown that refraction of light at the matching surface of the vakuola and the expanding Friedman universe can be very important during accelerated expansion of the universe, when the velocity of the matching surface relative to static Schwarzchildian observers becomes relativistic. Relevance of the refraction effect for the temperature fluctuations of CMBR is given in terms of the redshift and the angular extension of the fluctuating region

Fluctuations of CMBR in accelerating universe

fluctuations of cmbr in accelerating universe

relict cmbr going cosmological condensations einstein strauss sitter vakuola model. refraction matching vakuola expanding friedman universe accelerated universe matching schwarzchildian observers relativistic. relevance refraction cmbr fluctuating

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46774170

10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.07.018

8 figures, accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics AUnstable 10C nuclei are produced as quasi-projectiles in 12C+24Mg collisions at E/A = 53 and 95 MeV. The decay of their short-lived states is studied with the INDRA multidetector array via multi-particle correlation functions. The obtained results show that heavy-ion collisions can be used as a tool to access spectroscopic information of unbound states in exotic nuclei, such as their energies and the relative importance of different sequential decay widths

Multi-particle correlation function to study short-lived nuclei

multi-particle correlation function to study short-lived nuclei

publication aunstable nuclei quasi projectiles collisions mev. lived indra multidetector array functions. collisions spectroscopic unbound exotic nuclei sequential widths

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47093503

10.1016/j.jastp.2014.01.008

International audienceSurface waves generated by earthquakes create atmospheric waves detectable in the ionosphere using radio waves techniques: i.e., HF Doppler sounding, GPS and altimeter TEC measurements, as well as radar measurements. We present observations performed with the over-the-horizon (OTH) radar NOSTRADAMUS after the very strong earthquake (M=8.6) that occurred in Sumatra on March 28, 2005. An original method based on the analysis of the RTD (Range-Time-Doppler) image is suggested to identify the multi-chromatic ionospheric signature of the Rayleigh wave. The proposed method presents the advantage to preserve the information on the range variation and time evolution, and provides comprehensive results, as well as easy identification of the waves. In essence, a Burg algorithm of order 1 is proposed to compute the Doppler shift of the radar signal, resulting in sensitivity as good as obtained with higher orders. The multi-chromatic observation of the ionospheric signature of Rayleigh wave allows to extrapolate information coherent with the dispersion curve of Rayleigh waves, that is, we observe two components of the Rayleigh waves with estimated group velocities of 3.8 km/s and 3.6 km/s associated to 28 mHz (T~36 s) and 6.1 mHz (T~164 s) waves, respectively. Spectral analysis of the RTD image reveals anyway the presence of several oscillations at frequencies between 3 and 8 mHz clearly associated to the transfer of energy from the solid-Earth to the atmosphere, and nominally described by the normal modes theory for a complete planet with atmosphere. Oscillations at frequencies larger than 8 mHz are also observed in the spectrum but with smaller amplitudes. Particular attention is pointed out to normal modes 0S29 and 0S37 which are strongly involved in the coupling process. As the proposed method is frequency free, it could be used not only for detection of ionospheric perturbations induced by earthquakes, but also by other natural phenomena as well as volcanic explosions and particularly tsunamis, for future oceanic monitoring and tsunami warning systems

HF radar detection of infrasonic waves generated in the ionosphere by the 28 March 2005 Sumatra earthquake

hf radar detection of infrasonic waves generated in the ionosphere by the 28 march 2005 sumatra earthquake

audiencesurface earthquakes create detectable ionosphere i.e. doppler sounding altimeter radar measurements. horizon radar nostradamus earthquake occurred sumatra doppler chromatic ionospheric signature rayleigh wave. presents advantage preserve comprehensive waves. essence burg doppler radar orders. chromatic ionospheric signature rayleigh extrapolate coherent rayleigh rayleigh velocities respectively. reveals anyway oscillations earth atmosphere nominally planet atmosphere. oscillations amplitudes. pointed process. ionospheric perturbations earthquakes phenomena volcanic explosions tsunamis oceanic tsunami warning

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47116998

10.1103/PhysRecD.78.014019

35 pages and 39 figures. Comments, appendices, figures, references added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. DInternational audienceThe hadronic kt-spectrum inside a high energy jet is determined including corrections of relative magnitude O{\sqrt{\alpha_s}} with respect to the Modified Leading Logarithmic Approximation (MLLA), in the limiting spectrum approximation (assuming an infrared cut-off Q0 =Lambda_{QCD}) and beyond Q_0\ne\Lambda_{QCD}. The results in the limiting spectrum approximation are found to be, after normalization, in impressive agreement with preliminary measurements by the CDF collaboration, unlike what occurs at MLLA, pointing out small overall non-perturbative contributions. Within the same framework, 2-particle correlations inside a jet are also predicted at NMLLA and compared to previous MLLA calculations

Next-to-MLLA corrections to single inclusive kt-distributions and 2-particle correlations in a jet

next-to-mlla corrections to single inclusive kt-distributions and 2-particle correlations in a jet

pages figures. comments appendices added. phys. rev. dinternational audiencethe hadronic sqrt alpha logarithmic mlla limiting infrared lambda lambda limiting normalization impressive preliminary unlike mlla pointing perturbative contributions. nmlla mlla

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47127466

10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00594-9

International audienceWe have measured absolute L x-ray emission yields from (Xe)n clusters (with n in the range 10^5 – 10^7 atoms/cluster) irradiated by 60 femtoseconds 800 nm IR and 160 femtoseconds 400 nm UV laser pulses of 10^15 – 10^17 W cm-2 peak intensity. Measurements have been performed as a function of cluster size (backing pressure) and laser peak intensity. Identification of spectroscopic features as well as x-ray emission yield variation with laser wavelength and intensity are in strong contradiction with results and interpretation from previous studies

Xe(L) x-ray emission from laser-cluster interaction

xe(l) x-ray emission from laser-cluster interaction

audiencewe irradiated femtoseconds femtoseconds pulses intensity. backing intensity. spectroscopic contradiction

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47326844

10.1007/978-3-662-43459-8_7

Part 2: Creating Value through Software DevelopmentInternational audienceOffshoring in the IT-industry involves dual interactions between a mother company and an external supplier, often viewed with an implicit perspective from the mother company. This article review general off shoring and IT offshoring literature, focusing on the proliferation of a globally available set of routines; Scrum and Agile. Two cases are studied; a small company and short process and a large mother company with a long process. The interactions of the set ups shows that global concepts like Scrum and Agile are far from a common platform. The “well known” concepts are locally shaped and the enterprises have mixed experiences

We All Know How, Don’t We? On the Role of Scrum in IT-Offshoring

we all know how, don’t we? on the role of scrum in it-offshoring

creating developmentinternational audienceoffshoring involves mother company supplier viewed implicit perspective mother company. shoring offshoring focusing proliferation globally routines scrum agile. company mother company process. concepts scrum agile platform. “well known” concepts locally shaped enterprises experiences

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47347494

10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_48

Part 8: International Workshop on Information Engineering and ManagementInternational audienceSystematic literature reviews facilitate methodical understanding of current advances in a field. With the increasing popularity of smartphones, they have become an important means to access the web. Although the literature on this topic is growing in recent times, there has been no effort yet to systematically review it. This paper reports on a systematic literature review of primary studies from 2007 to 2012 that concern mobile web usability. We identify the usability dimensions tested and the testing procedures adopted in the literature. We anticipate that our work will not only help researchers understand the current state of usability testing of mobile web but also identify the areas where further research is needed in addressing the challenges identified

Usability Challenges in Smartphone Web Access: A Systematic Literature Review

usability challenges in smartphone web access: a systematic literature review

workshop managementinternational audiencesystematic reviews facilitate methodical advances field. popularity smartphones web. topic growing effort systematically concern mobile usability. usability adopted literature. anticipate researchers usability mobile addressing challenges

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47739804

10.1016/j.emospa.2010.12.003

International audienceCaracas is one of the most dangerous cities in the world, and insecurity is among the core concerns of Venezuelans. Urban insecurity shapes the anxious meta-narrative of an urbanity in crisis. The Caracazo (uprising that caused hundreds of deaths in 1989 in Caracas) defines a critical turn in the experiencing of urban fears, at least among middle-class sectors: the myth of an inclusive-urbanity-in-a-democratic-society breaks up when traditionally excluded people burst into the formal city. Former social framing and State-society ties are undermined in a time of crisis. The growing fear of insecurity triggers off socio-spatial transformations which are actually socially and racially driven. This paper aims at politicizing fear of crime and insecurity in Caracas by "situating" it, and by underlying its performativity. As a socially-contingent category, fear can be instrumentalized in different ways. It appears that fear of crime and insecurity contributes to consolidate, more than create, urban territorialities grounded on classism and racism. The hegemonic narrative of fear is powerful - and legitimate - enough not to address root drivers of fragmenting dynamics, as a technology of control. Nevertheless, the unexpected implications that current fear of crime might bring are challenging an unequal socio-spatial order, sign of contested supremacies

Politicizing fear of crime and insecurity in Caracas

politicizing fear of crime and insecurity in caracas

audiencecaracas dangerous cities insecurity concerns venezuelans. insecurity shapes anxious meta narrative urbanity crisis. caracazo uprising hundreds deaths caracas defines experiencing fears sectors myth inclusive urbanity democratic breaks traditionally excluded burst formal city. former framing ties undermined crisis. growing fear insecurity triggers socio transformations socially racially driven. aims politicizing fear crime insecurity caracas situating performativity. socially contingent fear instrumentalized ways. fear crime insecurity contributes consolidate create territorialities grounded classism racism. hegemonic narrative fear powerful legitimate drivers fragmenting control. nevertheless unexpected fear crime bring challenging unequal socio contested supremacies

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47753863

10.1007/s10683-009-9223-y

International audienceThis paper studies the role of strategic teaching in coordination games and whether changing the incentives of players to teach leads to more efficient coordination. We ran experiments where subjects played one of four coordination games in constant pairings, where the incentives to teach were varied along two dimensions--the short run cost of teaching and the long run benefit to teaching. We show which aspects of the game lead subjects to adopt long run teaching strategies, and show that subjects try to manipulate their opponent's actions to pull them out of a situation of coordination failure. We also show that extending a model of decision making by introducing a forward-looking component helps to track teachers' behaviour more accurately, and describes the way players behave in a more unified way across both teachers and learners

Learning and Sophistication in Coordination Games

learning and sophistication in coordination games

audiencethis strategic teaching coordination games changing incentives players teach coordination. played coordination games pairings incentives teach varied teaching benefit teaching. game adopt teaching manipulate opponent pull coordination failure. extending introducing looking helps track teachers accurately describes players behave unified teachers learners

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47852391

10.1016/0048-7333(96)00882-7

International audienceThere is a paucity of papers dealing with the system characteristics of laboratories or, put in another way, the institutional character of research organisations. Neither R & D economics nor the sociology of science, as traditionally conceived, has made much headway in providing insight into sets of R & D laboratories and their evolution. Drawing upon an empirical study in the plant breeding and biochemical industry, this paper presents a typology of public research laboratories which is based on three dimensions: scientific production and visibility, type of funding (public or private) and homogeneity of research themes. Three types of public laboratory emerge: the first, called “research centres for the profession”, is composed essentially of laboratories with close ties with small and medium firms (SMEs) and industry associations. The second, called “designers of generic tools and methods”, is oriented towards basic research and themes of general interest to the industry as a whole. The third type, called “basic and specialised laboratories”, strives to develop its scientific visibility. Contracts between this type of laboratory and industry are mainly bilateral and demonstrate the complementarity between public and private research. Each type of laboratory develops specific types of relationship with private partners. The authors have identified three logics underlying these relationships: proximity, market and club. The main objective of contracts based on a proximity logic is to test a hypothesis, while the knowledge produced is mostly tacit and specific. By contrast, knowledge is entirely coded and specific in the market logic, where the aim of the contract is to implement expertise in order to relieve a scientific bottleneck. In a club logic, the aim of contracts is to produce a technical referent. In each kind of contract, the learning trajectories, modes of co-ordination, role of trust and degree to which contracts are complete or not, are different

Profile of public laboratories, industrial partnerships and organisation of R & D: the dynamics of industrial relationships in a large research organisation

profile of public laboratories, industrial partnerships and organisation of r & d: the dynamics of industrial relationships in a large research organisation

audiencethere paucity papers dealing laboratories institutional character organisations. neither economics sociology traditionally conceived headway insight laboratories evolution. drawing breeding biochemical presents typology laboratories visibility funding private homogeneity themes. emerge “research centres profession” composed essentially laboratories ties firms smes associations. “designers generic methods” oriented themes whole. “basic specialised laboratories” strives visibility. contracts bilateral complementarity private research. develops private partners. logics proximity club. contracts proximity logic mostly tacit specific. entirely coded logic contract implement expertise relieve bottleneck. club logic contracts referent. kind contract trajectories ordination trust contracts

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47858889

10.1007/s00780-009-0102-3

International audienceUsing Malliavin calculus techniques, we derive an analytical formula for the price of European options, for any model including local volatility and Poisson jump process. We show that the accuracy of the formula depends on the smoothness of the payoff function. Our approach relies on an asymptotic expansion related to small diffusion and small jump frequency/size. Our formula has excellent accuracy (the error on implied Black-Scholes volatilities for call option is smaller than 2 bp for various strikes and maturities). Additionally, model calibration becomes very rapid

Smart expansion and fast calibration for jump diffusion

smart expansion and fast calibration for jump diffusion

audienceusing malliavin calculus derive options volatility poisson jump process. smoothness payoff function. relies asymptotic jump size. excellent implied scholes volatilities call option strikes maturities additionally calibration

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48161076

10.1051/0004-6361/201219779

International audienceAstronomy & Astrophysics Hydroxyacetonitrile (HOCH 2 CN) as a precursor for formylcyanide (CHOCN), ketenimine (CH 2 CNH), and cyanogen (NCCN) in astrophysical conditions ABSTRACT Context. The reactivity in astrophysical environments can be investigated in the laboratory through experimental simulations, which provide understanding of the formation of specific molecules detected in the solid phase or in the gas phase of these environments. In this context, the most complex molecules are generally suggested to form at the surface of interstellar grains and to be released into the gas phase through thermal or non-thermal desorption, where they can be detected through rotational spectroscopy. Here, we focus our experiments on the photochemistry of hydroxyacetonitrile (HOCH 2 CN), whose formation has been shown to compete with aminomethanol (NH 2 CH 2 OH), a glycine precursor, through the Strecker synthesis. Aims. We present the first experimental investigation of the ultraviolet (UV) photochemistry of hydroxyacetonitrile (HOCH 2 CN) as a pure solid or diluted in water ice. Methods. We used Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to characterize photoproducts of hydroxyacetonitrile (HOCH 2 CN) and to determine the different photodegradation pathways of this compound. To improve the photoproduct identifications, irradiations of hydroxyacetonitrile 14 N and 15 N isotopologues were performed, coupled with theoretical calculations. Results. We demonstrate that the photochemistry of pure hydroxyacetonitrile (HOCH 2 CN) (σ photo = 5.7 ± 1.0 × 10 −20 photon s −1 cm 2) under the influence of UV photons, or diluted in water ice (σ photo = 8.6 ± 1.0 × 10 −20 photon s −1 cm 2), leads to the formation of formylcyanide (CHOCN), ketenimine (CH 2 CNH), formaldehyde (CH 2 O), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), carbon monoxyde (CO), and carbon dioxyde (CO 2); the presence of water increases its photodegradation rate. Furthermore, because hydroxyacetonitrile is more highly refractory than water, our results suggest that in astrophysical environments, hydroxyacetonitrile can be formed on icy grains from formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide, and can be subsequently photodegradated in the water ice, or irradiated as a pure solid at the surface of dry grains after water desorption. As some of the hydroxyacetonitrile photochemistry products are detected in protostellar cores (e.g. formylcyanide or ketenimine), this compound maybe considered as one of the possible sources of these molecules at the grain surface in fairly cold regions. These photoproducts can then be released in the gas phase in a warmer region

Hydroxyacetonitrile (HOCH2CN) as a precursor for formylcyanide (CHOCN), ketenimine (CH2CNH), and cyanogen (NCCN) in astrophysical conditions

hydroxyacetonitrile (hoch2cn) as a precursor for formylcyanide (chocn), ketenimine (ch2cnh), and cyanogen (nccn) in astrophysical conditions

audienceastronomy astrophysics hydroxyacetonitrile hoch precursor formylcyanide chocn ketenimine cyanogen nccn astrophysical context. reactivity astrophysical environments environments. interstellar grains released desorption rotational spectroscopy. photochemistry hydroxyacetonitrile hoch compete aminomethanol glycine precursor strecker synthesis. aims. ultraviolet photochemistry hydroxyacetonitrile hoch diluted ice. methods. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterize photoproducts hydroxyacetonitrile hoch photodegradation pathways compound. photoproduct identifications irradiations hydroxyacetonitrile isotopologues calculations. results. photochemistry hydroxyacetonitrile hoch photo photons diluted photo formylcyanide chocn ketenimine formaldehyde cyanide monoxyde dioxyde photodegradation rate. hydroxyacetonitrile refractory astrophysical environments hydroxyacetonitrile grains formaldehyde cyanide subsequently photodegradated irradiated grains desorption. hydroxyacetonitrile photochemistry protostellar cores e.g. formylcyanide ketenimine compound maybe grain fairly cold regions. photoproducts released warmer

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48168713

10.1002/ijc.29603

International audienceAlthough the decline in cancer mortality rates with the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected individuals can be mostly explained by a decrease in cancers incidence, we looked here if improved survival after cancer diagnosis could also contribute to this decline. Survival trends were analyzed for most frequent cancers in the HIV-infected population followed in the French Hospital Database on HIV: 979 and 2,760 cases of visceral and non-visceral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), 2,339 and 461 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), 446 lung, 312 liver and 257 anal cancers. Five-year Kaplan–Meier survival rates were estimated for four periods: 1992–1996, 1997–2000, 2001–2004 and 2005–2009. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare survival across the periods, after adjustment for confounding factors. For 2001–2004, survival was compared to the general population after standardization on age and sex. Between the pre-cART (1992–1996) and early-cART (1997–2000) periods, survival improved after KS, NHL, HL and anal cancer and remained stable after lung and liver cancers. During the cART era, 5-year survival improved after visceral and non-visceral KS, NHL, HL and liver cancer, being 83, 92, 65, 87 and 19% in 2005–2009, respectively, and remained stable after lung and anal cancers, being 16 and 65%, respectively. Compared with the general population, survival in HIV-infected individuals in 2001–2004 was poorer for hematological malignancies and similar for solid tumors. For hematological malignancies, survival continues to improve after 2004, suggesting that the gap between the HIV-infected and general populations will close in the future

Trends in survival after cancer diagnosis among HIV-infected individuals between 1992 and 2009. Results from the FHDH-ANRS CO4 cohort

trends in survival after cancer diagnosis among hiv-infected individuals between 1992 and 2009. results from the fhdh-anrs co4 cohort

audiencealthough decline advent antiretroviral cart mostly cancers incidence looked decline. frequent cancers french visceral visceral kaposi sarcoma hodgkin lymphoma hodgkin lymphoma anal cancers. kaplan–meier hazard adjustment confounding factors. standardization sex. cart cart anal remained cancers. cart visceral visceral remained anal cancers respectively. poorer hematological malignancies tumors. hematological malignancies continues

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48248973

10.1103/PhysRevE.78.040701

International audienceWe analyze the molecular dynamics heterogeneity of the liquid crystal 4-n-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl nanoconfined in porous silicon. We show that the temperature dependence of the dynamic correlation length wall, which measures the distance over which a memory of the interfacial slowing down of the molecular dynamics persists, is closely related to the growth of the short-range static order arising from quenched random fields. More generally, this result may also shed some light on the connection between static and dynamic heterogeneities in a wide class of condensed and soft matter systems

Relation between static short-range order and dynamic heterogeneities in a nanoconfined liquid crystal

relation between static short-range order and dynamic heterogeneities in a nanoconfined liquid crystal

audiencewe analyze heterogeneity octyl cyanobiphenyl nanoconfined porous silicon. wall interfacial slowing persists closely arising quenched fields. shed connection heterogeneities condensed

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48342531

10.1016/j.crte.2011.09.006

International audienceLake Pavin is a deep meromictic lake. Its water column is divided into two parts: the mixolimnion, which is subjected to mixing during seasonal overturns; and the monimolimnion which remains unmixed. Using high precision and high frequency temperature and conductivity profiles along with continuous temperature measurements, this study reveals the presence of a sublacustrine, intermittent cold spring at the bottom of the mixolimnion at a depth between 50 and 55 m. This cold-water input rises in the water column by saline convection. The use of a simple conceptual model, representing turbulent diapycnal diffusivity and convection correlated with the presence of the spring within the water column indicates its role in maintaining the meromixis characteristic of the lake on the intra-annual time scale. The spring also influences seasonal overturns and thus contributes to establish the depth of the mixolimnion-monimolimnion interface on the inter-annual time scale

Maintaining meromixis in Lake Pavin (Auvergne, France): the key role of a sublacustrine spring

maintaining meromixis in lake pavin (auvergne, france): the key role of a sublacustrine spring

audiencelake pavin meromictic lake. divided mixolimnion subjected seasonal overturns monimolimnion unmixed. precision conductivity reveals sublacustrine intermittent cold spring mixolimnion cold rises saline convection. conceptual representing turbulent diapycnal diffusivity convection spring maintaining meromixis lake intra scale. spring influences seasonal overturns contributes establish mixolimnion monimolimnion

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48342798

10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.07.007

This paper uses an unusual administrative dataset covering the universe of French hospitals to consider hospital employment: this is consistently higher in public hospitals than in not-for-profit (NFP) or private hospitals, even controlling for a number of measures of hospital output. NFP hospitals serve as a benchmark, being very similar to public hospitals, but without political influence on their hiring. Public-hospital employment is positively correlated with the local unemployment rate, whereas no such relationship is found in other hospitals. This is consistent with public hospitals providing employment in depressed areas. We appeal to the Political Science literature and calculate local political allegiance, using expert evaluations on various parties' political positions and local election results. The relationship between public-hospital employment and local unemployment is stronger the more left-wing the local municipality. This latter result holds especially when electoral races are tight, consistent with a concern for re-election

Public Employment and Political Pressure: The Case of French Hospitals

public employment and political pressure: the case of french hospitals

unusual administrative dataset covering universe french hospitals employment consistently hospitals profit private hospitals controlling output. hospitals serve benchmark hospitals hiring. employment positively unemployment hospitals. hospitals employment depressed areas. appeal allegiance expert evaluations parties election results. employment unemployment stronger wing municipality. electoral races tight concern election

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48350824

10.1002/asl.336

International audienceResearch into land-atmosphere coupling within AMMA has highlighted the atmospheric impact of soil moisture on space scales of 5 km upwards and time scales of several days. Observational and modelling studies have shown how antecedent rainfall patterns affect new storms in the Sahel. The land feedback operates through various mechanisms, including a direct link to afternoon storm initiation from surface-induced mesoscale circulations, and indirectly via large-scale moisture transport in the nocturnal monsoon. The results suggest potential for significant improvements in weather forecasting through assimilation of satellite data. Intriguing questions remain about the importance of vegetation memory on seasonal-interannual scales

New Perspectives on Land-Atmosphere Feedbacks from the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA)

new perspectives on land-atmosphere feedbacks from the african monsoon multidisciplinary analysis (amma)

audienceresearch atmosphere amma highlighted moisture upwards days. observational antecedent rainfall storms sahel. operates afternoon storm initiation mesoscale circulations indirectly moisture nocturnal monsoon. improvements weather forecasting assimilation satellite data. intriguing vegetation seasonal interannual

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51153809

10.1080/02615479.2014.997698

This paper outlines the current knowledge base for men's experiences of studying social work in the UK. Given the relatively limited knowledge of these experiences, this paper also examines the findings from other literatures in order to inform this study, including nursing and primary school teaching educational literature. Men progress more poorly than women in social work, nursing and primary school teaching courses, and in other countries in addition to England. This paper also explores the educational experience of men in education and higher education more generally. The findings of a regression analysis are presented here. This analysis was conducted with secondary data from the GSCC of student progression on undergraduate and postgraduate social work courses in England between 2006 and 2011. Some potential reasons for these progression issues are identified from the related literatures and from the wider educational literature. Also indicated are some areas for further study to support a more diverse, representational profession and workforce

Issues for Men's Progression on English Social Work Honours and Postgraduate Degree Courses

issues for men's progression on english social work honours and postgraduate degree courses

outlines experiences studying experiences examines literatures inform nursing teaching educational literature. progress poorly nursing teaching courses england. explores educational generally. here. gscc student progression undergraduate postgraduate courses england reasons progression literatures wider educational literature. diverse representational profession workforce

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51223270

10.1007/978-3-319-18072-4_4

International audienceThis study addresses the problem of delay compensation via a predictor-based output feedback for a class of linear systems subject to input delay which itself depends on the input. The equation defining the delay is implicit and involves past values of the input through an integral relation, the kernel of which is a polynomial function of the input. This modeling represents systems where transport phenomena take place at the inlet of a system involving a nonlinearity, which frequently occurs in the processing industry. The conditions of asymptotic stabilization require the magnitude of the feedback gain to comply with the initial conditions. Arguments for the proof of this novel result include general Halanay inequalities for delay differential equations and take advantage of recent advances in backstepping techniques for uncertain or varying delay systems

Prediction-Based Control of Linear Systems by Compensating Input-Dependent Input Delay of Integral-Type

prediction-based control of linear systems by compensating input-dependent input delay of integral-type

audiencethis addresses delay compensation predictor delay input. defining delay implicit involves kernel input. phenomena inlet involving nonlinearity frequently industry. asymptotic stabilization comply conditions. arguments halanay inequalities delay advantage advances backstepping uncertain delay

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51236925

10.1007/s10207-004-0035-y

Current software and hardware systems, being parallel and reconfigurable, raise new safety and reliability problems, and the resolution of these problems requires new methods. Numerous proposals attempt at reducing the threat of bugs and preventing several kinds of attacks. In this paper, we develop an extension of the calculus of Mobile Ambients, named Controlled Ambients, that is suited for expressing such issues, specifically Denial of Service attacks. We present a type system for Controlled Ambients, which makes static resource control possible in our setting

Using Ambients to Control Resources (long version)

using ambients to control resources (long version)

hardware reconfigurable raise reliability methods. numerous proposals attempt reducing threat bugs preventing kinds attacks. calculus mobile ambients named ambients suited expressing denial attacks. ambients resource

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51944808

10.1002/sia.2886

International audienceThe surface composition of polycrystalline niobium-doped strontium titanate (SrTiO3: Nb) is studied using X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy (XPEEM) for many grain orientations in order to characterise the surface chemistry with high spatial resolution. The surface sensitivity is maximised by the use of soft X-ray synchrotron radiation (SR). The grain orientation is determined by electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). Stereographic plots are used to show the correlation between surface composition and orientation for several grains. Predominant surface terminations are assigned to major orientations

Orientation-dependent surface composition of in situ annealed strontium titanate

orientation-dependent surface composition of in situ annealed strontium titanate

audiencethe polycrystalline niobium doped strontium titanate srtio photoelectron microscopy xpeem grain orientations characterise resolution. maximised synchrotron grain backscattering diffraction ebsd stereographic plots grains. predominant terminations assigned orientations

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52130244

10.1007/s11192-016-1845-1

This article investigates the developments during the last decades in the use of languages, publication types and publication channels in the social sciences and humanities (SSH). The purpose is to develop an understanding of the processes of internationalization and to apply this understanding in a critical examination of two often used general criteria in research evaluations in the SSH. One of them is that the coverage of a publication in Scopus or Web of Science is seen in itself as an expression of research quality and of internationalization. The other is that a specific international language, English, and a specific type of publication, journal articles, are perceived as supreme in a general hierarchy of languages and publication types. Simple distinctions based on these criteria are contrary to the heterogeneous publication patterns needed in the SSH to organize their research adequately, present their results properly, reach their audiences efficiently, and thereby fulfil their missions. Research quality, internationalization, and societal relevance can be promoted in research assessment in the SSH without categorical hierarchies of publications. I will demonstrate this by using data from scholarly publishing in the SSH that go beyond the coverage in the commercial data sources in order to give a more comprehensive representation of scholarly publishing in the SSH

Patterns of internationalization and criteria for research assessment in the social sciences and humanities

patterns of internationalization and criteria for research assessment in the social sciences and humanities

investigates developments decades languages publication publication humanities internationalization examination evaluations ssh. coverage publication scopus internationalization. english publication articles perceived supreme hierarchy languages publication types. distinctions contrary heterogeneous publication organize adequately properly audiences efficiently thereby fulfil missions. internationalization societal relevance promoted categorical hierarchies publications. scholarly publishing coverage commercial comprehensive scholarly publishing

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52169873

10.1007/s12039-014-0711-z

We report the monomeric complexes of magnesium and calcium of composition [M(THF)n{η 2-Ph2P(Se)N(CMe3)}2] [M = Mg (3), n = 1 and M = Ca (4), n = 2)] and polymeric complexes of potassium and barium of composition [K(THF)2{Ph2P(Se)N(CMe3)}]n (2) and [K(THF)Ba{Ph2P(Se)N(CMe3)}3]n(5) respectively. The potassium complex 2 was readily prepared by the reaction of potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide with phosphinoselenoic amide ligand (1) at ambient temperature. The calcium complex 4 was prepared by two synthetic routes: in the first method, commonly known as salt metathesis reaction, the potassium complex 2 was made to react with alkaline earth metal diiodide at room temperature to afford the corresponding calcium complex. The metal bis(trimethylsilyl)amides were made to react with protic ligand 1in the second method to eliminate the volatile bis(trimethyl)silyl amine. The magnesium complex 3and barium complex 5 were prepared only through the first method. Solid-state structures of all the new complexes were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The smaller ionic radii of Mg2+ (0.72 Å) and Ca2+ (0.99 Å) ions form the monomeric complex, whereas the larger ions K+ (1.38 Å) and Ba2+ (1.35 Å) were found to form one-dimensional polymeric complexes with monoanionic ligand 1. Compound 2 serves an example of magnesium complex with a Mg-Se direct bond

Synthesis of monomeric and polymeric alkali and alkaline earth metal complexes using a phosphinoselenoic amide ligand in metal coordination sphere

synthesis of monomeric and polymeric alkali and alkaline earth metal complexes using a phosphinoselenoic amide ligand in metal coordination sphere

monomeric complexes magnesium calcium polymeric complexes potassium barium respectively. potassium readily potassium trimethylsilyl amide phosphinoselenoic amide ligand ambient temperature. calcium synthetic routes commonly salt metathesis potassium react alkaline earth diiodide room afford calcium complex. trimethylsilyl amides react protic ligand eliminate volatile trimethyl silyl amine. magnesium barium method. complexes diffraction analysis. ionic radii monomeric polymeric complexes monoanionic ligand compound serves magnesium bond

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52190714

10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/041002

International audienceObjective. Neural signals along the vagus nerve (VN) drive many somatic and autonomic functions. The clinical interest of VN stimulation (VNS) is thus potentially huge and has already been demonstrated in epilepsy. However, side effects are often elicited, in addition to the targeted neuromodulation. Approach. This review examines the state of the art of VNS applied to two emerging modulations of autonomic function: heart failure and obesity, especially morbid obesity. Main results. We report that VNS may benefit from improved stimulation delivery using very advanced technologies. However, most of the results from fundamental animal studies still need to be demonstrated in humans

Vagus nerve stimulation: State of the art of stimulation and recording strategies to address autonomic function neuromodulation

vagus nerve stimulation: state of the art of stimulation and recording strategies to address autonomic function neuromodulation

audienceobjective. vagus nerve drive somatic autonomic functions. stimulation potentially huge epilepsy. elicited targeted neuromodulation. approach. examines emerging modulations autonomic obesity morbid obesity. results. benefit stimulation delivery advanced technologies. humans

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52192447

10.1038/oncsis.2015.20

International audienceAdrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a very aggressive tumor, and genomics studies demonstrate that the most frequent alterations of driver genes in these cancers activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. However, the adrenal-specific targets of oncogenic β-catenin-mediating tumorigenesis have not being established. A combined transcriptomic analysis from two series of human tumors and the human ACC cell line H295R harboring a spontaneous β-catenin activating mutation was done to identify the Wnt/β-catenin targets. Seven genes were consistently identified in the three studies. Among these genes, we found that AFF3 mediates the oncogenic effects of β-catenin in ACC. The Wnt response element site located at nucleotide position − 1408 of the AFF3 transcriptional start sites (TSS) mediates the regulation by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. AFF3 silencing decreases cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in the ACC cell line H295R. AFF3 is located in nuclear speckles, which play an important role in RNA splicing. AFF3 overexpression in adrenocortical cells interferes with the organization and/or biogenesis of these nuclear speckles and alters the distribution of CDK9 and cyclin T1 such that they accumulate at the sites of AFF3/speckles. We demonstrate that AFF3 is a new target of Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in ACC, acting on transcription and RNA splicing

Combined transcriptome studies identify AFF3 as a mediator of the oncogenic effects of β-catenin in adrenocortical carcinoma

combined transcriptome studies identify aff3 as a mediator of the oncogenic effects of β-catenin in adrenocortical carcinoma

audienceadrenocortical aggressive genomics frequent alterations driver cancers activate catenin pathway. adrenal targets oncogenic catenin mediating tumorigenesis established. transcriptomic tumors harboring spontaneous catenin activating mutation catenin targets. seven consistently studies. mediates oncogenic catenin acc. nucleotide transcriptional mediates catenin pathway. silencing proliferation apoptosis speckles splicing. overexpression adrenocortical interferes biogenesis speckles alters cyclin accumulate speckles. catenin acting splicing

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52197903

10.1093/nar/gkn462

International audienceIn all organisms, translational initiation takes place on the small ribosomal subunit and two classes of methionine tRNA are present. The initiator is used exclusively for initiation of protein synthesis while the elongator is used for inserting methionine internally in the nascent polypeptide chain. The crystal structure of Escherichia coli initiator tRNA(f)(Met) has been solved at 3.1 A resolution. The anticodon region is well-defined and reveals a unique structure, which has not been described in any other tRNA. It encompasses a Cm32*A38 base pair with a peculiar geometry extending the anticodon helix, a base triple between A37 and the G29-C41 pair in the major groove of the anticodon stem and a modified stacking organization of the anticodon loop. This conformation is associated with the three GC basepairs in the anticodon stem, characteristic of initiator tRNAs and suggests a mechanism by which the translation initiation machinery could discriminate the initiator tRNA from all other tRNAs

A unique conformation of the anticodon stem-loop is associated with the capacity of tRNAfMet to initiate protein synthesis.

a unique conformation of the anticodon stem-loop is associated with the capacity of trnafmet to initiate protein synthesis.

audiencein organisms translational initiation ribosomal subunit methionine trna present. initiator exclusively initiation elongator inserting methionine internally nascent polypeptide chain. escherichia coli initiator trna solved resolution. anticodon reveals trna. encompasses peculiar extending anticodon helix triple groove anticodon stacking anticodon loop. conformation basepairs anticodon initiator trnas translation initiation machinery discriminate initiator trna trnas

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52295029

10.1093/nar/gkt1328

International audienceIn the absence of telomerase, telomeres progressively shorten with every round of DNA replication, leading to replicative senescence. In telomerase-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the shortest telomere triggers the onset of senescence by activating the DNA damage checkpoint and recruiting homologous recombination (HR) factors. Yet, the molecular structures that trigger this checkpoint and the mechanisms of repair have remained elusive. By tracking individual telomeres, we show that telomeres are subjected to different pathways depending on their length. We first demonstrate a progressive accumulation of subtelomeric single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) through 5 0-3 0 resec-tion as telomeres shorten. Thus, exposure of subtelomeric ssDNA could be the signal for cell cycle arrest in senescence. Strikingly, early after loss of telomerase, HR counteracts subtelomeric ssDNA accumulation rather than elongates telomeres. We then asked whether replication repair pathways contribute to this mechanism. We uncovered that Rad5, a DNA helicase/Ubiquitin ligase of the error-free branch of the DNA damage tolerance (DDT) pathway, associates with native telomeres and cooperates with HR in senescent cells. We propose that DDT acts in a length-independent manner, whereas an HR-based repair using the sister chromatid as a template buffers precocious 5'-3' resection at the shortest telomeres

Length-dependent processing of telomeres in the absence of telomerase

length-dependent processing of telomeres in the absence of telomerase

audiencein telomerase telomeres progressively shorten round replication replicative senescence. telomerase deficient saccharomyces cerevisiae shortest telomere triggers onset senescence activating checkpoint recruiting homologous recombination factors. trigger checkpoint repair remained elusive. tracking telomeres telomeres subjected pathways length. progressive accumulation subtelomeric stranded ssdna resec telomeres shorten. subtelomeric ssdna arrest senescence. strikingly telomerase counteracts subtelomeric ssdna accumulation elongates telomeres. asked replication repair pathways mechanism. uncovered helicase ubiquitin ligase branch tolerance associates native telomeres cooperates senescent cells. propose acts manner repair sister chromatid template buffers precocious resection shortest telomeres

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52617853

10.1007/s00267-014-0378-8

International audienceDifferent water Acts (e.g., the European Water Framework Directive) and stakeholders involved in aquatic affairs have promoted integrated river basin management (IRBM) over recent decades. However, few studies have provided feedback on these policies. The aim of the current article is to fill this gap by exploring how local newspapers reflect the implementation of a broad public participation within a catchment of France known for its innovation with regard to this domain. The media coverage of a water management strategy in the Drôme watershed from 1981 to 2008 was investigated using a content analysis and a geographic information system (GIS). We sought to determine what public participation and decentralized decision-making can be in practice. The results showed that this policy was integrated because of its social perspective, the high number of involved stakeholders, the willingness to handle water issues, and the local scale suitable for participation. We emphasized the prominence of the watershed scale guaranteed by the local water authority. This area was also characterized by compromise, arrangements, and power dynamics on a fine scale. We examined the most politically engaged writings regarding water management, which topics each group emphasized, and how the groups agreed and disagreed on issues based on their values and context. The temporal pattern of participation implementation was progressive but worked by fits and starts

The Achievement of a Decentralized Water Management Through Stakeholder Participation: An Example from the Drôme River Catchment Area in France (1981–2008)

the achievement of a decentralized water management through stakeholder participation: an example from the drôme river catchment area in france (1981–2008)

audiencedifferent acts e.g. directive stakeholders aquatic affairs promoted river basin irbm decades. policies. fill exploring newspapers reflect broad participation catchment innovation regard domain. coverage drôme watershed geographic sought participation decentralized practice. perspective stakeholders willingness handle participation. emphasized prominence watershed guaranteed authority. compromise arrangements fine scale. politically engaged writings topics emphasized agreed disagreed context. participation progressive worked fits starts

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52623797

10.1016/j.nimb.2005.06.229

ACE, Accélérateur, NIMBInternational audienceThis paper presents a fundamental study of the radiolysis of gaseous organic molecules induced by proton beam. For that purpose, a specific extracted beam line associated with a gas irradiation cell was set up on the 4 MV facility of the Institut de Physique Nucléaire of Lyon. The first experiments have been performed with gaseous alkanes and alkenes. The gaseous species formed during irradiation are analysed by an on-line gas chromatography instrument equipped with two detectors. In order to test our experimental faiclity, we have studied the influence of irradiation parameters (duration, beam intensity, pressure) on the production of hydrogen. In the case of propane, the radiolytic yield value of hydrogen G(H$_2$) is equal to 3.7 for total does in the range of 0.4 to 2.3 MGy at atmospheric pressure

Hydrogen production during the irradiation of gaseous organic compounds: advantage of an extracted beam

hydrogen production during the irradiation of gaseous organic compounds: advantage of an extracted beam

accélérateur nimbinternational audiencethis presents radiolysis gaseous proton beam. irradiation facility institut physique nucléaire lyon. gaseous alkanes alkenes. gaseous irradiation analysed chromatography instrument equipped detectors. faiclity irradiation hydrogen. propane radiolytic

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52633093

10.1016/0301-4215(95)90167-6

http://www.centre-cired.fr/perso/haduong/files/Grubb.ea-1995-EconomicsOfChangingCourses.pdfInternational audienceThis paper reviews evidence that energy technologies and systems adapt over time to accomodate external pressures: that technical innovation and systemic change in the energy sector is largely induced by need, and restrained by potentially large transitional costs. A simple integrated model of optimal greenhouse gas abatement over time is presented, in which the abatement cost depends on both fixed and transitional elements. It is shown that the optimal current response and long-run prospects differ radically between the classical economic case - in which the cost of a given cutback in emissions is fixed exogenously - and the adaptative case - in which the response is ultimately adaptative but heavily constrained by inertia (i.e. low fixed but high transitional costs). If energy systems are indeed to a large degree adaptive, the results demonstrate that as compared with the classical non-adaptive case: long-run stabilization of atmospheric CO2 may be optimal even with moderate damages from climate change; greater near-term abatement efforts are justified; and the cost of a given delay in response may be several times higher. Neglect of the issue of induced technical change and other adaptive responses may invalidate the policy implications drawn from most integrated assessment models developed to date

The economics of changing course: implications of adaptability and inertia for optimal climate policy.

the economics of changing course: implications of adaptability and inertia for optimal climate policy.

www.centre economicsofchangingcourses.pdfinternational audiencethis reviews technologies adapt accomodate pressures innovation systemic largely restrained potentially transitional costs. greenhouse abatement abatement transitional elements. prospects radically cutback exogenously adaptative ultimately adaptative heavily constrained inertia i.e. transitional adaptive adaptive stabilization moderate damages abatement efforts justified delay higher. neglect adaptive invalidate drawn

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52637408

10.1007/s11095-014-1330-6

International audiencePurpose:Improvement of clinical outcome in patients with sinuses disorders involves targeting delivery of nebulized drug into the maxillary sinuses. We investigated the impact of nebulization conditions (with and without 100 Hz acoustic airflow), particle size (9.9 μm, 2.8 μm, 550 nm and 230 nm) and breathing pattern (nasal vs. no nasal breathing) on enhancement of aerosol delivery into the sinuses using a realistic nasal replica developed by our team.Methods:After segmentation of the airways by means of high-resolution computed tomography scans, a well-characterized nasal replica was created using a rapid prototyping technology. A total of 168 intrasinus aerosol depositions were performed with changes of aerosol particle size and breathing patterns under different nebulization conditions using gentamicin as a marker.Results:The results demonstrate that the fraction of aerosol deposited in the maxillary sinuses is enhanced by use of submicrometric aerosols, e.g. 8.155 ± 1.476 mg/L of gentamicin in the left maxillary sinus for the 2.8 μm particles vs. 2.056 ± 0.0474 for the 550 nm particles. Utilization of 100-Hz acoustic airflow nebulization also produced a 2- to 3-fold increase in drug deposition in the maxillary sinuses (e.g. 8.155 ± 1.476 vs. 3.990 ± 1.690 for the 2.8 μm particles).Conclusions:Our study clearly shows that optimum deposition was achieved using submicrometric particles and 100-Hz acoustic airflow nebulization with no nasal breathing. It is hoped that our new respiratory nasal replica will greatly facilitate the development of more effective delivery systems in the future

Impact of Airborne Particle Size, Acoustic Airflow and Breathing Pattern on Delivery of Nebulized Antibiotic into the Maxillary Sinuses Using a Realistic Human Nasal Replica

impact of airborne particle size, acoustic airflow and breathing pattern on delivery of nebulized antibiotic into the maxillary sinuses using a realistic human nasal replica

audiencepurpose sinuses disorders involves targeting delivery nebulized maxillary sinuses. nebulization acoustic airflow breathing nasal nasal breathing enhancement aerosol delivery sinuses realistic nasal replica team.methods segmentation airways tomography scans nasal replica created prototyping technology. intrasinus aerosol depositions aerosol breathing nebulization gentamicin marker.results aerosol deposited maxillary sinuses submicrometric aerosols e.g. gentamicin maxillary sinus particles. utilization acoustic airflow nebulization deposition maxillary sinuses e.g. .conclusions optimum deposition submicrometric acoustic airflow nebulization nasal breathing. hoped respiratory nasal replica greatly facilitate delivery

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52640785

10.1016/j.jebo.2013.06.008

International audienceThe power to coerce workers is important for the e¢ cient operation of hierarchically structured organizations. However, this power can also be used by managers to exploit their subordinates for their own benefit. We examine the relationship between the power to coerce and exploitation in a laboratory experiment where a senior and a junior player interact repeatedly for a finite number of periods. We find that senior players try repeatedly to use their power to exploit junior workers. These attempts are successful only when junior workers have incomplete information about how their e¤ort impacts on the earnings of senior players, but not when they have complete information. Evidence from an incentive-compatible questionnaire indicates that the social acceptability of exploitation depends on whether the junior worker can detect she is being exploited. We also show how a history of exploitation affects future interactions

Hierarchy, coercion, and exploitation: An experimental analysis

hierarchy, coercion, and exploitation: an experimental analysis

audiencethe coerce workers cient hierarchically structured organizations. managers exploit subordinates benefit. examine coerce exploitation senior junior player interact repeatedly periods. senior players repeatedly exploit junior workers. attempts successful junior workers incomplete e¤ort impacts earnings senior players information. incentive compatible questionnaire acceptability exploitation junior worker detect exploited. exploitation affects

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52660395

10.1051/0004-6361/201321575

International audienceWe studied the accuracy, robustness, and self-consistency of pixel-domain simulations of the gravitational lensing effect on the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies due to the large-scale structure of the Universe. In particular, we investigated the dependence of the precision of the results precision on some crucial parameters of these techniques and propose a semi-analytic framework to determine their values so that the required precision is a priori assured and the numerical workload simultaneously optimized. Our focus was on the B-mode signal, but we also discuss other CMB observables, such as the total intensity, T, and E-mode polarization, emphasizing differences and similarities between all these cases. Our semi-analytic considerations are backed up by extensive numerical results. Those are obtained using a code, nicknamed lenS2HAT – for lensing using scalable spherical harmonic transforms (S2HAT) – which we have developed in the course of this work. The code implements a version of the previously described pixel-domain approach and permits performing the simulations at very high resolutions and data volumes, thanks to its efficient parallelization provided by the S2HAT library – a parallel library for calculating of the spherical harmonic transforms. The code is made publicly available

High-precision simulations of the weak lensing effect on cosmic microwave background polarization

high-precision simulations of the weak lensing effect on cosmic microwave background polarization

audiencewe robustness consistency pixel gravitational lensing primordial cosmic microwave anisotropies universe. precision precision crucial propose analytic precision priori assured workload simultaneously optimized. observables emphasizing similarities cases. analytic considerations backed extensive results. nicknamed lens lensing scalable spherical harmonic transforms work. implements pixel permits performing resolutions volumes thanks parallelization library library calculating spherical harmonic transforms. publicly

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52660758

10.1029/2012GL051276.

ISI Document Delivery No.: 933AG Times Cited: 11 Cited Reference Count: 19 Cited References: Adler RF, 2003, J HYDROMETEOROL, V4, P1147, DOI 10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1147:TVGPCP>2.0.CO;2 Alsdorf DE, 2007, REV GEOPHYS, V45, DOI 10.1029/2006RG000197 Bousquet P, 2006, NATURE, V443, P439, DOI 10.1038/nature05132 Downing JA, 2006, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V51, P2388 Gedney N, 2004, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V31, DOI 10.1029/2004GL020919 Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC), 2009, LONG TERM MEAN MONTH Lehner B, 2004, J HYDROL, V296, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.028 Ngo-Duc T, 2005, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V32, DOI 10.1029/2005GL022719 Papa F, 2010, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V115, DOI 10.1029/2009JD012674 Papa F, 2010, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V115, DOI 10.1029/2009JC006075 Papa F, 2008, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V35, DOI 10.1029/2008GL033857 Prigent C, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P4631, DOI 10.1029/2001GL013263 Prigent C, 2007, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V112, DOI 10.1029/2006JD007847 Ramillien G, 2008, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V60, P381, DOI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.04.002 Shindell D. T., 2004, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V32, DOI DOI 10.1029/2004GL021900 Solomon S, 2007, CLIMATE CHANGE 2007: THE PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS, P19 Vorosmarty CJ, 2010, NATURE, V467, P555, DOI 10.1038/nature09440 Vorosmarty CJ, 2000, SCIENCE, V289, P284, DOI 10.1126/science.289.5477.284 World Water Assessment Program, 2006, UNWATERWWAP20061 Prigent, C. Papa, F. Aires, F. Jimenez, C. Rossow, W. B. Matthews, E. Papa, Fabrice/D-3695-2009 Papa, Fabrice/0000-0001-6305-6253 European Commission; French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche; European Space Agency; NASA [NNDX7AO90E] This research was supported in part by the Sixth Framework Program of the European Commission (Water & Global Change), by the French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (IMPACT-Boreal), by the European Space Agency (ALANIS-Methane), and by NASA (NEWS grant NNDX7AO90E). We thank the Editor and two reviewers for valuable comments. The authors thank Bertrand Decharme and Frederic Frappart for very productive discussions and comments. 12 AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION WASHINGTON GEOPHYS RES LETTWe developed a remote sensing approach based on multi-satellite observations, which provides an unprecedented estimate of monthly distribution and area of land-surface open water over the whole globe. Results for 1993 to 2007 exhibit a large seasonal and inter-annual variability of the inundation extent with an overall decline in global average maximum inundated area of 6% during the fifteen-year period, primarily in tropical and subtropical South America and South Asia. The largest declines of open water are found where large increases in population have occurred over the last two decades, suggesting a global scale effect of human activities on continental surface freshwater: denser population can impact local hydrology by reducing freshwater extent, by draining marshes and wetlands, and by increasing water withdrawals. Citation: Prigent, C., F. Papa, F. Aires, C. Jimenez, W. B. Rossow, and E. Matthews (2012), Changes in land surface water dynamics since the 1990s and relation to population pressure, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L08403, doi:10.1029/2012GL051276

Changes in land surface water dynamics since the 1990s and relation to population pressure

changes in land surface water dynamics since the 1990s and relation to population pressure

document delivery cited cited count cited adler hydrometeorol tvgpcp alsdorf geophys bousquet downing limnol oceanogr gedney geophys lett runoff grdc month lehner hydrol j.jhydrol. geophys lett papa geophys atmos papa geophys oceans papa geophys lett prigent geophys lett prigent geophys atmos ramillien planet j.gloplacha. shindell geophys lett solomon vorosmarty vorosmarty science. unwaterwwap prigent papa aires jimenez rossow matthews papa fabrice papa fabrice commission french agence nationale pour recherche agency nasa nndx sixth commission french agence nationale pour recherche boreal agency alanis methane nasa news nndx editor reviewers valuable comments. bertrand decharme frederic frappart productive discussions comments. amer geophysical union washington geophys lettwe remote sensing satellite unprecedented monthly globe. exhibit seasonal inundation decline inundated fifteen primarily tropical subtropical america asia. declines occurred decades continental freshwater denser hydrology reducing freshwater draining marshes wetlands withdrawals. citation prigent papa aires jimenez rossow matthews geophys. res. lett.

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52677326

10.1088/1367-2630/14/1/013044

International audienceWe study different types of stationary dynamos observed in the Von Karman sodium (VKS) experiment when varying the electromagneticboundary conditions on (and in) the impellers. The flow is driven with two impellers made of soft iron (Monchaux et al 2007 Phys Rev. Lett. 98 044502)or using one soft-iron impeller and one stainless steel impeller. The magnetic field is mapped using 40 three-dimensional probes distributed within the flow and its surroundings. Symmetry and coupling properties are then retrieved from direct probe measurements and/or from the field structure as reconstructed using the inversion procedure described by Boisson and Dubrulle (2011 New J. Phys. 13 023037). Several salient results are obtained: (i) dynamo action is not achieved unless at least one iron impeller is rotating, at a frequency larger than 15 Hz; (ii) the resulting dynamo is a dipolar, mostly axisymmetric structure; and (iii) the self-sustained magnetic field properties depend on the sodium flow structure between the two impellers. We propose to interpret the stationary dynamos generation as the (constructive or destructive) superposition of two one-impeller fluid dynamos generated close to the soft-iron impellers, nonlinearly coupled through the turbulent flow, as suggested by Verhille et al (2010 New J. Phys. 12 033006). The normal form equation describing this coupling is similar to the one obtained in a theoretical model (Petrelis et al 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 144503)

Symmetry and couplings in stationary von Kármán Sodium dynamos

symmetry and couplings in stationary von kármán sodium dynamos

audiencewe stationary dynamos karman sodium electromagneticboundary impellers. impellers iron monchaux rev. lett. iron impeller stainless steel impeller. mapped probes surroundings. retrieved reconstructed inversion boisson dubrulle phys. salient dynamo unless iron impeller rotating dynamo dipolar mostly axisymmetric sustained sodium impellers. propose interpret stationary dynamos constructive destructive superposition impeller dynamos iron impellers nonlinearly turbulent verhille phys. describing petrelis phys. rev. lett.

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52688479

10.1088/0264-9381/28/9/094003

International audienceThe LISA Pathfinder interferometry- hardware and system testing 2 Abstract. Preparations for the LISA Pathfinder mission have reached an exciting stage. Tests of the engineering model (EM) of the optical metrology system (OMS) have recently been completed at the Albert Einstein Institute, Hannover, and flight model (FM) tests are now underway. Significantly, they represent the first complete integration and testing of the space-qualified hardware and are the first tests on an optical system level. The results and test procedures of these campaigns will be utilised directly in the ground-based flight hardware tests, and subsequently during in-flight operations. In addition, they allow valuable testing of the data analysis methods using the MATLAB based LTP data analysis (LTPDA) toolbox. This paper presents an overview of the results from the EM test campaign that was successfully completed in December 2009. The LISA Pathfinder interferometry- hardware and system testing

The LISA Pathfinder interferometryhardware and system testing

the lisa pathfinder interferometryhardware and system testing

audiencethe lisa pathfinder interferometry hardware abstract. preparations lisa pathfinder mission reached exciting stage. metrology completed albert einstein hannover flight underway. qualified hardware level. campaigns utilised flight hardware subsequently flight operations. valuable matlab ltpda toolbox. presents overview campaign successfully completed december lisa pathfinder interferometry hardware

exact_dup

52704612

10.1063/1.2198927

Sintered samples of monoclinic zirconia (alpha-ZrO2) have been irradiated at room temperature with 6.0-GeV Pb ions in the electronic slowing down regime. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-Raman spectroscopy measurements showed unambiguously that a transition to the 'metastable' tetragonal phase (beta-ZrO2) occurred at a fluence of 6.5x10^12 cm-2 for a large electronic stopping power value (approx 32.5 MeV $\mu$m-1). At a lower fluence of 1.0x10^12 cm-2, no such phase transformation was detected. The back-transformation from beta- to alpha-ZrO2 induced by isothermal or isochronal thermal annealing was followed by XRD analysis. The back-transformation started at an onset temperature around 500 K and was completed by 973 K. Plots of the residual tetragonal phase fraction deduced from XRD measurements versus annealing temperature or time are analyzed with first- or second-order kinetic models. An activation energy close to 1 eV for the back-transformation process is derived either from isothermal annealing curves, using the so-called "cross-cut" method, or from the isochronal annealing curve, using a second-order kinetic law. Correlation with the thermal recovery of ion-induced paramagnetic centers monitored by EPR spectroscopy is discussed. Effects of crystallite size evolution and oxygen migration upon annealing are also addressed

Thermal annealing study of swift heavy-ion irradiated zirconia

thermal annealing study of swift heavy-ion irradiated zirconia

sintered monoclinic zirconia alpha irradiated room slowing regime. diffraction micro raman spectroscopy unambiguously metastable tetragonal beta occurred fluence stopping approx fluence detected. beta alpha isothermal isochronal annealing analysis. started onset completed plots residual tetragonal deduced annealing models. isothermal annealing isochronal annealing law. recovery paramagnetic centers monitored spectroscopy discussed. crystallite migration annealing addressed

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52708426

10.1007/s00382-015-2900-y

International audienceThe evaluation of key cloud properties such as cloud cover, vertical profile and optical depth as well as the analysis of their intercorrelation lead to greater confidence in climate change projections. In addition, the comparison between observations and parameterizations of clouds in climate models is improved by using collocated and instantaneous data of cloud properties. Simultaneous and independent observations of the cloud cover and its three-dimensional structure at high spatial and temporal resolutions are made possible by the new space-borne multi-instruments observations collected with the A-train. The cloud cover and its vertical structure observed by CALIPSO and the visible directional reflectance (a surrogate for the cloud optical depth) observed by PARASOL, are used to evaluate the representation of cloudiness in two versions of the atmospheric component of the IPSL-CM5 climate model (LMDZ5). A model-to-satellite approach, applying the CFMIP Observation Simulation Package (COSP), is used to allow a quantitative comparison between model results and observations. The representation of clouds in the two model versions is first evaluated using monthly mean data. This classical approach reveals biases of different magnitudes in the two model versions. These biases consist of (1) an underestimation of cloud cover associated to an overestimation of cloud optical depth, (2) an underestimation of low- and mid-level tropical clouds and (3) an overestimation of high clouds. The difference in the magnitude of these biases between the two model versions clearly highlights the improvement of the amount of boundary layer clouds, the improvement of the properties of high-level clouds, and the improvement of the simulated mid-level clouds in the tropics in LMDZ5B compared to LMDZ5A, due to the new convective, boundary layer, and cloud parametrizations implemented in LMDZ5B. The correlation between instantaneous cloud properties allows for a process-oriented evaluation of tropical oceanic clouds. This process-oriented evaluation shows that the cloud population characterized by intermediate values of cloud cover and cloud reflectance can be split in two groups of clouds when using monthly mean values of cloud cover and cloud reflectance: one group with low to intermediate values of the cloud cover, and one group with cloud cover close to one. The precise determination of cloud height allows us to focus on specific types of clouds (i.e. boundary layer clouds, high clouds, low-level clouds with no clouds above). For low-level clouds over the tropical oceans, the relationship between instantaneous values of the cloud cover and of the cloud reflectance reveals a major bias in the simulated liquid water content for both model versions. The origin of this bias is identified and possible improvements, such as considering the sub-grid heterogeneity of cloud properties, are investigated using sensitivity experiments. In summary, the analysis of the relationship between different instantaneous and collocated variables allows for process-oriented evaluations. These evaluations may in turn help to improve model parameterizations, and may also help to bridge the gap between model evaluation and model development

Use of A-train satellite observations (CALIPSO-PARASOL) to evaluate tropical cloud properties in the LMDZ5 GCM

use of a-train satellite observations (calipso-parasol) to evaluate tropical cloud properties in the lmdz5 gcm

audiencethe cover intercorrelation confidence projections. parameterizations clouds collocated instantaneous properties. simultaneous cover resolutions borne instruments train. cover calipso visible directional reflectance surrogate parasol cloudiness versions ipsl lmdz satellite cfmip package cosp observations. clouds versions monthly data. reveals biases magnitudes versions. biases consist underestimation cover overestimation underestimation tropical clouds overestimation clouds. biases versions highlights clouds clouds clouds tropics lmdz lmdz convective parametrizations implemented lmdz instantaneous oriented tropical oceanic clouds. oriented cover reflectance split clouds monthly cover reflectance cover cover one. precise clouds i.e. clouds clouds clouds clouds clouds tropical oceans instantaneous cover reflectance reveals versions. improvements heterogeneity experiments. instantaneous collocated oriented evaluations. evaluations parameterizations bridge

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52709088

10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.010

International audienceAssessing the role of slab rheology in coupled plate-mantle convection models. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 430, 191-201. Abstract Reconstructing the 3D structure of the Earth's mantle has been a challenge for geodynamicists for about 40 years. Although numerical models and computational capabilities have substantially progressed, parameterizations used for modeling convection forced by plate motions are far from being Earth-like. Among the set of parameters, rheology is fundamental because it defines in a non-linear way the dynamics of slabs and plumes, and the organization of lithosphere deformation. In this study, we evaluate the role of the temperature dependence of viscosity (variations up to 6 orders of magnitude) and the importance of pseudo-plasticity on reconstructing slab evolution in 3D spherical models of convection driven by plate history models. Pseudo-plasticity, which produces plate-like behavior in convection models, allows a consistent coupling between imposed plate motions and global convection, which is not possible with temperature-dependent viscosity alone. Using test case models, we show that increasing temperature dependence of viscosity enhances vertical and lateral coherence of slabs, but leads to unrealistic slab morphologies for large viscosity contrasts. Introducing pseudo-plasticity partially solves this issue, producing thin laterally and vertically more continuous slabs, and flat subduction where trench retreat is fast. We evaluate the differences between convection reconstructions employing different viscosity laws to be very large, and similar to the differences between two models with the same rheology but using two different plate histories or initial conditions

Assessing the role of slab rheology in coupled plate-mantle convection models

assessing the role of slab rheology in coupled plate-mantle convection models

audienceassessing slab rheology plate mantle convection models. earth planetary reconstructing earth mantle challenge geodynamicists years. capabilities substantially progressed parameterizations convection forced plate motions earth like. rheology defines slabs plumes lithosphere deformation. viscosity orders pseudo plasticity reconstructing slab spherical convection plate models. pseudo plasticity produces plate convection imposed plate motions convection viscosity alone. viscosity enhances lateral coherence slabs unrealistic slab morphologies viscosity contrasts. introducing pseudo plasticity partially solves producing laterally vertically slabs subduction trench retreat fast. convection reconstructions employing viscosity laws rheology plate histories

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52710378

10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.05.018

International audienceRecent excavations at Corent (France) unearthed a vast Late Bronze Age settlement. The high density of fireplaces especially highlights it. The present study focuses on the archaeomagnetic study of five fireplaces. These ones were dated between 950 and 800 BCE by cross-dating of metallic and ceramic artefacts and by radiocarbon. The main objective of our study is to increase the archaeointensity database in Western Europe at the beginning of the first millennium BCE. The sampling was conducted on 64 fragments of baked clay and sherds from the fireplaces floor. The classical Thellier-Thellier protocol provides 48 successful archaeointensity results, yielding to five mean values between 58 and 69 μT at the site. Together with previously published results, our new data point out two successive maxima of the intensity of the geomagnetic field. The first maximum ~ 70 μT in the ninth century BCE and the second ~ 90 μT in ~ 700 BCE are separated by a ~ 45–50 μT minimum at ~ 800–750 BCE. The resulting fast variation of the field intensity will be very useful for archaeomagnetic dating purposes. As the direction of the geomagnetic field has also a strong variation during this period (Hervé et al. 2013a), archaeomagnetism promises to be a powerful dating tool to recover the historical processes at the transition between the Bronze and Iron Ages in Western Europe

Archaeointensity study of five Late Bronze Age fireplaces from Corent (Auvergne, France)

archaeointensity study of five late bronze age fireplaces from corent (auvergne, france)

audiencerecent excavations corent unearthed vast bronze settlement. fireplaces highlights focuses archaeomagnetic fireplaces. dated dating metallic ceramic artefacts radiocarbon. archaeointensity europe beginning millennium bce. fragments baked clay sherds fireplaces floor. thellier thellier successful archaeointensity yielding site. successive maxima geomagnetic field. ninth century separated bce. archaeomagnetic dating purposes. geomagnetic hervé archaeomagnetism promises powerful dating recover historical bronze iron ages europe

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52710956

10.1016/j.tecto.2013.05.021

International audienceA detailed magnetic mapping using Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) technique was carried out in Pointe Géologie archipelago (Terre Adélie, East Antarctica) that represents a hot crust having experienced a long-lived anatectic event during Paleoproterozoic times, 1.69 Ga ago. AMS measurements allowed to better analyse the tectonic structure of the crystalline basement that is built up by rocks affected by various degrees of partial melting and then, devoid of clear strain markers. AMS sampling was performed from main rocks types of Pointe Géologie: migmatites including leucosomes and melanosomes, coarse-grained pink granites, anatexites and mylonitic gneisses. For melanosomes, the magnetic foliation is dominantly in agreement with the observed field foliation, i.e. dominantly N–S sub-vertical in shear zones and gently inclined in dome structures. AMS technique reveals a sub-horizontal magnetic lineation in migmatites from shear zones and a gently plunging one in dome structures. Magnetic properties of leucosomes and of coarse-pink granitic dykes contrast with melanosomes. The bulk susceptibility and anisotropy degree are significantly lower in granitic magmas that in melanosomes. In addition, in well-defined leucosomes, granitic dykes and anatexites, the magnetic ellipsoid is characterized by a higher plunge of the magnetic lineation, which tends to be vertical. This is associated to a rheological contrast between the solid-state deformation suffered by oxide grains in the melanosomes and their reorientation in a viscous flow during the transfer of felsic melt to the granitic dykes. Magnetic structure of leucosomes, granitic dykes and anatexites highlights the role of the gravity-induced upwelling of a crust undergoing high degree of partial melting in a transpressional regime

Contribution of AMS measurements in understanding the migmatitic terrains of Pointe Géologie, Terre Adélie (East-Antarctica)

contribution of ams measurements in understanding the migmatitic terrains of pointe géologie, terre adélie (east-antarctica)

audiencea anisotropy susceptibility pointe géologie archipelago terre adélie east antarctica crust experienced lived anatectic paleoproterozoic ago. analyse tectonic crystalline basement built rocks melting devoid markers. rocks pointe géologie migmatites leucosomes melanosomes coarse grained pink granites anatexites mylonitic gneisses. melanosomes foliation dominantly foliation i.e. dominantly zones gently inclined dome structures. reveals lineation migmatites zones gently plunging dome structures. leucosomes coarse pink granitic dykes melanosomes. susceptibility anisotropy granitic magmas melanosomes. leucosomes granitic dykes anatexites ellipsoid plunge lineation tends vertical. rheological deformation suffered oxide grains melanosomes reorientation viscous felsic melt granitic dykes. leucosomes granitic dykes anatexites highlights upwelling crust undergoing melting transpressional

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52713931

10.1093/gji/ggv178

International audienceThis paper presents the results from the Deflo-hydroacoustic experiment in the Southern Indian Ocean using three autonomous underwater hydrophones, complemented by two permanent hydroacoustic stations. The array monitored for 14 months, from November 2006 to December 2007, a 3000 x 3000 km wide area, encompassing large segments of the three Indian spreading ridges that meet at the Indian Triple Junction. A catalogue of 11 105 acoustic events is derived from the recorded data, of which 55 per cent are located from three hydrophones, 38 per cent from 4, 6 per cent from five and less than 1 per cent by six hydrophones. From a comparison with land-based seismic catalogues, the smallest detected earthquakes are m(b) 2.6 in size, the range of recorded magnitudes is about twice that of land-based networks and the number of detected events is 5-16 times larger. Seismicity patterns vary between the three spreading ridges, with activity mainly focused on transform faults along the fast spreading Southeast Indian Ridge and more evenly distributed along spreading segments and transforms on the slow spreading Central and ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian ridges; the Central Indian Ridge is the most active of the three with an average of 1.9 events/100 km/month. Along the Sunda Trench, acoustic events mostly radiate from the inner wall of the trench and show a 200-km-long seismic gap between 2 degrees S and the Equator. The array also detected more than 3600 cryogenic events, with different seasonal trends observed for events from the Antarctic margin, compared to those from drifting icebergs at lower (up to 50 degrees S) latitudes. Vocalizations of five species and subspecies of large baleen whales were also observed and exhibit clear seasonal variability. On the three autonomous hydrophones, whale vocalizations dominate sound levels in the 20-30 and 100 Hz frequency bands, whereas earthquakes and ice tremor are a dominant source of ambient sound at frequencies < 20 Hz

Seafloor seismicity, Antarctic ice-sounds, cetacean vocalizations and long-term ambient sound in the Indian Ocean basin

seafloor seismicity, antarctic ice-sounds, cetacean vocalizations and long-term ambient sound in the indian ocean basin

audiencethis presents deflo hydroacoustic southern indian ocean autonomous underwater hydrophones complemented permanent hydroacoustic stations. array monitored november december encompassing segments indian spreading ridges meet indian triple junction. catalogue acoustic cent hydrophones cent cent cent hydrophones. seismic catalogues smallest earthquakes magnitudes twice larger. seismicity vary spreading ridges focused transform faults spreading southeast indian ridge evenly spreading segments transforms slow spreading ultra slow spreading southwest indian ridges indian ridge month. sunda trench acoustic mostly radiate trench seismic equator. array cryogenic seasonal antarctic margin drifting icebergs latitudes. vocalizations subspecies baleen whales exhibit seasonal variability. autonomous hydrophones whale vocalizations dominate sound earthquakes tremor ambient sound

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52728245

10.1016/j.pss.2007.10.008

International audienceLaboratory spectra of methane-nitrogen mixtures have been recorded in the near-infrared range (1.0 - 1.65 µm) in conditions similar to Titan's near surface, to facilitate the interpretation of the DISR/DLIS spectra taken during the last phase of the descent of the Huygens Probe, when the surface was illuminated by a surface science lamp. We used a 0.03 cm-1 spectral resolution, adequate to resolve the lines at high pressure (pN2 ~ 1.5 bar). By comparing the laboratory spectra with synthetic calculations in the well-studied ν2 + 2ν3 band (7515-7620 cm-1), we determine a methane absorption column density of 178±20 cm-am and a temperature of 118±10 K in our experiment. From this, we derive the methane absorption coefficients over 1.0-1.65 µm with a 0.03 cm-1 sampling, allowing for the extrapolation of the results to any other methane column density under the relevant pressure and temperature conditions. We then revisit the calibration and analysis of the Titan "lamp-on" DLIS spectra. We infer a 5.1±0.8 % methane mixing ratio in the first 25 m of Titan's atmosphere. The CH4 mixing ratio measured 90 sec after landing from a distance of 45 cm is found to be 0.92±0.25 times this value, thus showing no post-landing outgassing of methane in excess of ̴ 20 %. Finally, we determine the surface reflectivity as seen from 25 m and 45 cm and find that the 1500 nm absorption band is deeper in the post-landing spectrum as compared to pre-landing

New laboratory measurements of CH4 in Titan's conditions and a reanalysis of the DISR near-surface spectra at the Huygens landing site

new laboratory measurements of ch4 in titan's conditions and a reanalysis of the disr near-surface spectra at the huygens landing site

audiencelaboratory methane nitrogen mixtures infrared titan facilitate disr dlis descent huygens illuminated lamp. adequate resolve synthetic methane experiment. derive methane allowing extrapolation methane conditions. revisit calibration titan lamp dlis spectra. infer methane titan atmosphere. landing landing outgassing methane excess reflectivity deeper landing landing

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52731964

10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/11

International audienceWe have used the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) Plateau de Bure Interferometer and the Expanded Very Large Array to obtain a high-resolution map of the CO(6-5) and CO(1-0) emission in the lensed, star-forming galaxy SMM J2135-0102 at z = 2.32. The kinematics of the gas are well described by a model of a rotationally supported disk with an inclination-corrected rotation speed, v rot = 320 ± 25 km s-1, a ratio of rotational-to-dispersion support of v/σ = 3.5 ± 0.2, and a dynamical mass of (6.0 ± 0.5) × 1010 M &sun; within a radius of 2.5 kpc. The disk has a Toomre parameter, Q = 0.50 ± 0.15, suggesting that the gas will rapidly fragment into massive clumps on scales of L J ~ 400 pc. We identify star-forming regions on these scales and show that they are ~10 × denser than those in quiescent environments in local galaxies, and significantly offset from the local molecular cloud scaling relations (Larson's relations). The large offset compared to local molecular cloud line-width-size scaling relations implies that supersonic turbulence should remain dominant on scales ~100× smaller than in the kinematically quiescent interstellar medium (ISM) of the Milky Way, while the molecular gas in SMM J2135 is expected to be ~50× denser than that in the Milky Way on all scales. This is most likely due to the high external hydrostatic pressure we measure for the ISM, P tot/k B ~ (2 ± 1) × 107 K cm-3. In such highly turbulent ISM, the subsonic regions of gravitational collapse (and star formation) will be characterized by much higher critical densities, n crit > = 108 cm-3, a factor gsim1000× more than the quiescent ISM of the Milky Way

The Interstellar Medium in Distant Star-forming Galaxies: Turbulent Pressure, Fragmentation, and Cloud Scaling Relations in a Dense Gas Disk at z = 2.3

the interstellar medium in distant star-forming galaxies: turbulent pressure, fragmentation, and cloud scaling relations in a dense gas disk at z = 2.3

audiencewe institut radioastronomie millimétrique iram plateau bure interferometer expanded array lensed forming kinematics rotationally inclination corrected rotational kpc. toomre rapidly fragment massive clumps forming denser quiescent environments offset larson offset supersonic turbulence kinematically quiescent interstellar milky denser milky scales. hydrostatic turbulent subsonic gravitational collapse densities crit gsim quiescent milky

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52737457

10.1088/1742-6596/190/1/012194

International audienceThe effect of ionizing radiation on glasses in the system SiO2-CaO-Na2O-Fe2O3 is investigated as a function of iron concentration or / and irradiation dose by a pre-edge analysis at the iron K-edge. While reduction phenomenon is clearly observed for large irradiation doses (5 C), the effect of irradiation for intermediate doses is more challenging to interpret. Comparison between X-ray absorption measurements, colorimetry results and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance measurements suggest that iron environment may be modified without the ions being reduced

Oxidation state variation under beta-irradiation in an iron-bearing soda lime glass system

oxidation state variation under beta-irradiation in an iron-bearing soda lime glass system

audiencethe ionizing glasses iron irradiation iron edge. phenomenon irradiation doses irradiation doses challenging interpret. colorimetry paramagnetic iron

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52761031

10.1103/PhysRevB.77.125433

International audienceThe high pressure phase diagram of CsC8 graphite intercalated compound has been investigated at ambient temperature up to 32 GPa. Combining X-ray and neutron diffraction, Raman and X- ray absorption spectroscopies, we report for the first time that CsC8, when pressurized, undergoes phase transitions around 2.0, 4.8 and 8 GPa. Possible candidate lattice structures and the transition mechanism involved are proposed. We show that the observed transitions involve the structural re- arrangement in the Cs sub-network while the distance between the graphitic layers is continuously reduced at least up to 8.9 GPa. Around 8 GPa, important modifications of signatures of the electronic structure measured by Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopies evidence the onset of a new transition

High pressure behavior of CsC8 graphite intercalation compound

high pressure behavior of csc8 graphite intercalation compound

audiencethe graphite intercalated compound ambient gpa. combining neutron diffraction raman spectroscopies pressurized undergoes gpa. candidate proposed. involve arrangement graphitic continuously gpa. modifications signatures raman spectroscopies onset

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52764891

10.1051/0004-6361:20065410

International audienceAims. We study the geometry and kinematics of the circumstellar environment of the Be star Kappa CMa in the Br gamma emission line and its nearby continuum. Methods. We use the VLTI/AMBER instrument operating in the K band which provides a spatial resolution of about 6 mas with a spectral resolution of 1500 to study the kinematics within the disk and to infer its rotation law. In order to obtain more kinematical constraints we also use an high spectral resolution Pa beta line profile obtain in December 2005 at the Observatorio do Pico do Dios, Brazil and we compile V/R line profile variations and spectral energy distribution data points from the literature. Results. Using differential visibilities and differential phases across the Br gamma line we detect an asymmetry in the disk. Moreover, we found that kappa CMa seems difficult to fit within the classical scenario for Be stars, illustrated recently by alpha Arae observations, i.e. a fast rotating B star close to its breakup velocity surrounded by a Keplerian circumstellar disk with an enhanced polar wind. Finally we discuss the possibility for kappa CMa to be a critical rotator with a Keplerian rotating disk and try to see if the detected asymmetry can be interpreted within the "one-armed" viscous disk framework

An asymmetry detected in the disk of Kappa CMa with the AMBER/VLTI

an asymmetry detected in the disk of kappa cma with the amber/vlti

audienceaims. kinematics circumstellar kappa gamma nearby continuum. methods. vlti amber instrument operating kinematics infer law. kinematical beta december observatorio pico dios brazil compile literature. results. visibilities gamma detect asymmetry disk. kappa illustrated alpha arae i.e. rotating breakup surrounded keplerian circumstellar polar wind. kappa rotator keplerian rotating asymmetry interpreted armed viscous

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52790975

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.02.008

In this paper we report on the data recorded with the first Antares detector line. The line was deployed on the 14th of February 2006 and was connected to the readout two weeks later. Environmental data for one and a half years of running are shown. Measurements of atmospheric muons from data taken from selected runs during the first six months of operation are presented. Performance figures in terms of time residuals and angular resolution are given. Finally the angular distribution of atmospheric muons is presented and from this the depth profile of the muon intensity is derived

Performance of the First ANTARES Detector Line

performance of the first antares detector line

antares line. deployed february readout later. running shown. muons runs presented. residuals given. muons muon

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52806665

10.1016/j.patrec.2006.03.003

In this paper, we present a new method and its preliminary results within the context of pattern analysis and recognition. This method is based on the multiscale analysis of a curve and deals with the contour of planar objects. Our method uses a low-pass Gaussian kernel to gradually smooth the contour by decreasing the filter bandwidth. Applying gain control to the smoothed contour stretches it to the same scale as the original one so that both contours intersect. By varying the bandwidth and marking all the intersection points between the smoothed contour and the original one we can generate the intersection points map (IPM) function. The initial results obtained by applying this method to various contours appears to indicate that the IPM function has some very interesting properties within the context of pattern recognition. It is translation and rotation insensitive and also scale change resistant for a large range of scaling. The IPM function generated when applied to noisy contours shows that the method is resistant to noise for a range of noise energy. Applying the features extracted by this method to retrieve a pattern from a database confirms the efficiency of the method

Multiscale contour description for pattern recognition

multiscale contour description for pattern recognition

preliminary recognition. multiscale deals contour planar objects. pass kernel gradually contour decreasing filter bandwidth. smoothed contour stretches contours intersect. bandwidth marking intersection smoothed contour intersection function. contours recognition. translation insensitive resistant scaling. noisy contours resistant energy. retrieve confirms

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52807442

10.1016/j.dam.2015.08.004

International audienceWe introduce cooperative TU-games on concept lattices, where a concept is a pair (S, S ′) with S being a subset of players or objects, and S ′ a subset of attributes. Any such game induces a game on the set of players/objects, which appears to be a TU-game whose collection of feasible coalitions is a lattice closed under intersection, and a game on the set of attributes. We propose a Shapley value for each type of game, axiomatize it, and investigate the geometrical properties of the core (non-emptiness, boundedness, pointedness, extremal rays). In particular, we derive the equivalence of the intent and extent core for the class of distributive concepts

Games on concept lattices: Shapley value and core

games on concept lattices: shapley value and core

audiencewe cooperative games lattices players attributes. game induces game players game feasible coalitions intersection game attributes. propose shapley game axiomatize geometrical emptiness boundedness pointedness extremal rays derive equivalence intent distributive concepts

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