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This year, the 0st Sunday in Advent is Nov. 00, so we would like to have our sanctuary decorated for that Sunday. (if possible!)

https://gracechristianchurch.com/events/decorating-grace-for-christmas/

gracechristianchurch.com

Expo 0000 Covid-00 UAE World Opinion Business Sports Entertainment Food Lifestyle Gold/Forex Supplements KT Engage Prayer Timings Cinema listings Home / WORLD Covid-00: Greta Thunberg says she 'likely' had new coronavirus Stockholm - Thunberg said the symptoms emerged after she returned from a trip around central Europe. By AFP Published: Tue 00 Mar 0000, 0:00 PM Last updated: Tue 00 Mar 0000, 00:00 PM Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg said Tuesday that it was "extremely likely" that she had contracted the new coronavirus, after experiencing several symptoms following a trip to central Europe. "Around ten days ago I started feeling some symptoms... I was feeling tired, had shivers, a sore throat and coughed," the teenage climate champion said in an Instagram post. Thunberg said the symptoms emerged after she returned from a trip around central Europe, and that she and her father had isolated themselves as a precaution. As of Tuesday, Sweden had reported 0,000 confirmed cases, but only those with severe symptoms in need of hospital care and staff working with at risk groups are tested. Therefore, Thunberg said she had not been tested, but said "it's extremely likely" that she had it, "given the combined symptoms and circumstances." The 00-year-old also said she had now "basically recovered," but cautioned others, saying she "almost didn't feel ill." She warned that others, especially young people, only experiencing mild symptoms might not know "they have the virus and can pass it on to people in risk groups." "We who don't belong to a risk group have an enormous responsibility, our actions can be the difference between life and death for many others," she said. In early March, Thunberg, who spearheaded the "school strike for climate" movement, called for a digital protest so as to avoid large gatherings that could exacerbate the spread of the new coronavirus. She had invited activists to post photos of themselves with the word #ClimateStrikeOnline every Friday instead of attending demonstrations in the streets. WORLD Sign Up For Breaking News Alerts Be in the know. Get the latest breaking news delivered straight to your inbox. Submit Terms & Conditions Apply More news from WORLD World Vatican takes in 00 migrants as pope denounces indifference Pope Francis says countries have a moral obligation to accept those who flee war, hatred and oppression World0 days ago World Nasa astronauts complete ISS spacewalk after delay due to debris "It was awesome!" astronaut Kayla Barron said. World0 days ago World IMF says chief economist Gopinath to replace Okamoto as no. 0 official Gita Gopinath to replace First Deputy Managing Director Geoffrey Okamoto World0 days ago World War on obesity: New UK scheme offers financial rewards to be healthy Participants in the pilot scheme will be given wrist-worn devices and access to the app that will generate personalised health recommendations World0 days ago World UN building on lockdown, man with gun outside Live news video showed a man with an apparent shotgun pointed at his neck World0 days ago World Future of work: Four days a week, no meetings, no office Companies across the world are moving to more flexible ways of work, breaking the traditional models World0 days ago World Explosion of WWII bomb in Munich injures 0, disrupts trains Explosion at a construction site next to a busy railway line World0 days ago World A new republic is born: Barbados ditches Britain's Queen Elizabeth At the strike of midnight, the new republic was born, shortly after Queen Elizabeth's royal standard was lowered over a crowded Heroes Square in Bridgetown

https://www.khaleejtimes.com/world/covid-19-greta-thunberg-says-she-likely-had-new-coronavirus

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Copyright © 0000 by Floral Arts of Flagstaff / All Rights Reserved / website by 0b design & development, inc.

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Thermal adaptation is the evolution of the ability to persist in novel thermal environments. Phenotypic characters that allow such adaptation, as well as the resulting shifts in the geographic distributions of species, are an emerging field of study in the midst of a changing global climate. Yet, the genomic basis of such phenotypic adaptation is less well understood, so recent efforts of evolutionary biologists are now aiming at one emerging question: Which genes determine thermal adaptation, and are these the same across different populations and species? Luckily, Anolis is yet again at the forefront of novel discoveries being made in this field (see Campbell-Staton et al., 0000). Many studies have independently identified genes that are responding to changes in the thermal environment; be it through change of expression under an acute stress, or through changes in the DNA sequence as evolutionary response. In 0000, we gathered information on such thermal adaptation candidate genes from Drosophila to Homo sapiens from the literature. From the published evidence, we extracted a set of gene functions that potentially underlie climatic adaptation. We were able to match these with functions that we predicted from our observations of phenotypic thermal adaptation (Wollenberg Valero et al., 0000). Interestingly, the products of these genes (Proteins, RNAs) were found to be functionally related with each other thus forming gene networks within the cellular environment. The Caribbean Anolis cybotes is widely distributed across Hispaniola, and thrives in hot, xeric environments just as well as in cooler and more humid montane environments. The rift valley of Lago Enriquillo heats up to 00.0 °C (000.0 °F), and a few instances of frost were reported at the highest peak (Pico Duarte at 0,000m elevation) - so population survival across these climatic extremes does not seem to be a trivial endeavor. Anolis cybotes, female from Barahona, Dominican Republic Populations of this species show pronounced differences between montane and lowland forms in morphology, physiology, behavior, and perch use (Wollenberg et al., 0000, Muñoz et al., 0000), which led us to expect that at least some of this variation should have a genetic basis. Thus, we set up to test whether Anolis cybotes displays any signatures of genomic adaptation to the diverse kinds of environments it inhabits, and whether any genes showing evidence for selection can also be subsumed under the candidate functions we defined previously. We sampled tissue of these lizards from several high and low elevations (the specimens being the same as in Wollenberg et al., 0000), and looked for variation according to climatic differences via RAD sequencing and subsequent analysis with LFMM. RAD sequencing generates a reduced representation of the target genome, producing thousands of short sequences representing the distribution of the restriction enzyme's cutting sites throughout the genome. Owing to this property, it cannot be expected that this type of data will necessarily contain "the total set of adaptation genes"; to this effect, detailed genome sequencing is required and such studies have been done in some model organisms (stickleback fish, beech mice, Drosophila, etc.). With our study design, however, we could trace signatures of selection as climate-related changes in the allelic frequencies in the fragments that were sequenced. We identified a total of 00 SNPs with statistical signatures of selection and 00 of these matched protein-coding genes on different chromosomes of the Anolis carolinensis genome (the best available reference). Not surprisingly, our data set and analysis did not "hit" any major known candidate genes for thermal adaptation, but we made another discovery. Most of the genes that we did identify as having adapted to the different climatic environments in Anolis cybotes populations perform the set of previously predicted gene functions that we had predicted in 0000 (Rodríguez et al., 0000). The figure shows candidate gene functions for thermal adaptation that we predicted in 0000 and now verified in Anolis cybotes. Moreover, the newly identified genes were also in close functional connection with each other, and with many of the previously predicted genes, formed a tightly knit functional network. Some forays into tissue expression databases further revealed that many of these genes are also expressed in brain, and during early development. Due to the fact that we couldn't scan the entire genome of Anolis cybotes (so far unknown), we may have missed part of the story. However, it is encouraging that at least one of the genes adapting to different climatic environments in the green anole, A. carolinensis, also has one of the functions we predicted (vasodilation, constriction and regulation of blood pressure, Campbell-Staton et al., 0000). Phenotypic adaptation to climate can happen in several different ways and we are yet only scratching the surface of the genetic basis of this phenomenon. For reptiles, their thermoregulatory behavior, water balance in hot climates, freeze tolerance, and anti-oxidative strategies seem to be the most important eco-physiological challenges (Storey and Storey, 0000), and we deem it likely that changes in a multitude of genes are contributing to these adaptive responses. Our study provides evidence that climate adaptation on the genomic level is constrained to specific organismal functions and biochemical pathways, which may underpin the observed molecular and phenotypic differences. The definitive answer to the question on whether the same set of genes underlie climatic adaptation across populations and species, is yet to be found; but the study of the functional connections between genes can be very informative for this endeavor. You can read our full paper here (open access) Share this: Email Facebook Twitter Like this: Like Loading... Related About cybokat Kat is a Lecturer in Ecology & the Environment at the University of Hull. She is vagabonding through real and virtual landscapes in search of answers to diverse scientific questions View all posts by cybokat → This entry was posted in Anole Genome Research, New Research. Bookmark the permalink. ← Anolis sagrei plays dead Why most Caribbean Anolis species are endemic to a single island? → Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here... Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: Email (Address never made public) Name Website You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account. ( Log Out / Change ) Cancel Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Δ Search for: Anole Annals is written and edited by scientists who study Anolis lizards. Our goal is to disseminate new scientific research, natural history anecdotes, and a wide range of other anole-related information. To find posts on a particular topic, type a key word into the search box. Anole Tweets New blog post! Revisiting the Evolution of Jamaican Anoles : Aryeh Miller : wp.me/p0000Y-0fa #scicomm 0 week ago Check out this week's anole, Anolis gundlachi or the Yellow-beard anole with @ChelseaHerps! wp.me/p0000Y-0f0 0 weeks ago Follow @AnoleAnnals Recent Comments Gregory C. Mayer on Test Skip Lazell on Test The Dating World of... on Amazing Anole Fight Caught on... Benjamin Ross Desch on Scantlebags: A New Innovation... justinhenningsen on Anole Annals Has a New Ho... Categories Anole Annals Trivia Anole Art, Literature, and Humor Anole Genome Research Anoles and Anolologists in the News Anoles in Commerce Ask the Experts Classics from the Literature Conservation Education and Anoles Introduced Anoles Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree Natural History Observations New Research Notes from the Field Research Methods uncategorized Blogroll Chipojo Lab (Leal Lab at Duke) dechronization Lacertilia (Glor Lab at U of Rochester) Links Anoland.fr Anolis Newsletters Anolis Symposium IV photos Lizard Whisperer Losos Lab at Harvard The Anole Genome Project Meta Register Log in Entries feed Comments feed WordPress.com View My Stats Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.

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A timeless and elegant shape make this hookah a real eye catcher. The smoke column impresses with an elegant gold tone and sparkling decorative stones that are sure to attract everyone's attention. The bowl is mouth-blown from the finest crystal glass and golden... Default Title - Sold Out Quantity : $000.00 SHARE THIS : Add to wishlist Description A timeless and elegant shape make this hookah a real eye catcher. The smoke column impresses with an elegant gold tone and sparkling decorative stones that are sure to attract everyone's attention. The bowl is mouth-blown from the finest crystal glass and golden decorations visually round off the overall picture.

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To keep things plausible, you may want to take a couple of months and peruse the TV Tropes list of "So You Want To Write A..." links and examine the ones relevant to your science fiction novel/game. Such as: So You Want To Write a Science-Fiction Story So You Want To Write a Hard Science-Fiction Story with Space Travel So You Want To Create Believable Aliens So You Want To Design an Alien Mind So You Want To Write an Alien Invasion Story etc. For science fiction authors and game designers who need a quick plausible scientific non-obvious background to inspire their next novel, there are one or two in this website. Here is a list of links that will send you directly to them. Apocalypse Assorted ways your continent, planet, solar system, galaxy, or entire universe could be destroyed. Assorted Station cultures Interesting situations and circumstances for various space stations Asteroid Belt Athens How a series of asteroid colonies can spark a Renaissance. Asteroid Mining Notes about the hard life of meteor miners Asteroid Mining Crew Transport An exquisite fusion drive transport from a 0000 Boeing study commissioned by NASA. Along with the schedule to service a 0,000 person Ceres mining coloy. Asteroid Revolutionary War What happens when King George of Terra clashes with the George Washington of the asteroid belt? Bamboo Interstellar colonists are going to need a building material that is a renewable resource. Let me tell you about the miracle of Bamboo! Battle For 00 Psyche Rival asteroid-mining megacorporations will be doing battle to win the mother-load of asteroid Psyche Boomtown Opportunistic space stations that sort of form by accretion. Bussard's War Space combat is one thing, but it doesn't get more hard-core scientific than combat between Bussard Ramjets. Cape Dread How a colony on the Martian moon Deimos can become the propellant supplier to the entire solar system Corporate Technological Disruption Any technological development that threatens the profits (or existence) of a megacorporation will be ruthlesslessly suppressed by said corporation. Which will make hot times for the poor people developing said technology. Customs Police In Space Around crowded space stations the Customs Police have to inspect ships for contraband and do safety inspections to certify the ships. Which puts them at direct cross-purposes with the ship owners. Hilarity will ensue. Cyclical History Or the rise and fall of the Galactic empire. Its been done to death but it never gets old. Elemental Bottleneck How Terra's monopoly on phosphorus delayed the Martian Revolutionary War. And the situation becomes grim as Mars Colony covertly tries to find alternate sources of phosphorus, while a panicky TerraGov does their level best to suppress this. Which science fiction authors would find to be a nice juicy explosive situation full of dramatic possibilities. Empires and Energy How an energy crisis leads to a galactic empire crisis Fabulous Locations It always helps to set the story at a cinematically spectacular planet or location Flyaway Engine Atomic rocket engines that automatically detach and go park in orbits to remove the radioactivity. What could possibly go wrong? Hanjin Shipping The abrupt bankruptcy of a shipping line results in a very entertaining situation Interstellar Communication Monopoly The Empire/Megacorporation has a monopoly on faster than light radio, and will go to great lengths to keep it that way Interstellar Communication Relay Station Applying Victorian semaphore telegraph towers to outer space Interstellar Piracy Notes about the wild world of deep space pirates Interstellar Privateers Notes about the wild world of deep space privateers Interstellar Smuggling Notes about the wild world of deep space smugglers Interstellar Trading Notes about the wild world of deep space traders Lady Space Taxi Victorian suffragettes were liberated by bicycles, oppressed female space colonists may be liberated by space taxis. Laser Guard Commercial laser power stations can rent laser time to laser thermal rockets. But the military will not be happy about warship-destroying laser in civilian hands. So they might just nationalize them. Life Support Algae Dangers The algae which is a vital part of a spacecraft's closed ecological life support system might mutate and produce deadly toxins. And genetically engineered safe algae might be guarded with draconian patent-protection lawsuits like a futuristic Monsanto. Lurkers The homeless problem on space stations Mos Eisley Space Station Notes about how a station or part of one can be come a great hive of scum and villainy. Mutually Deadly Biochemistries Certain biochemistries are mutually deadly. Human biochemistries use lots of hydrogen-sulfur bonds. If an alien biochemistry used nitrogen-sulfur bonds, we might actually dissolve each other. Orbital Ghost Town A boom-town that springs up around an orbital propellant depot is jsut one technological disruption away from dying off into a ghost town. Orbital Tax Havens Various unethical but lucrative reasons to expand into space Paleotechnology Interstellar archeologists digging in the ruins of an extinct high-tech alien civilization might very will unearth some high-technology. Hilarity will ensue as the archeologists try to run to the patent office, space pirates try to dry-gulch the archeologists and swipe the tech, and megacorporations threatened with technological disruption hire assassins to kill everbody and destroy the tech. A simple outline can be found in the movie The Gods Must Be Crazy. Pilgrim Observer A rather famous scientifically accurate spacecraft, that turns up in several guises. It has a thousand and one uses! Pirate Havens Pirates need infrastructure too Project Orion Battleship The biggest, baddest, most terrifying scientifically accurate warship ever. Psyche Solid-iron asteroid could be site of the steel mill of the Asteroid civilization Resource Curse Planets settled because of rich mining deposits of Something Profitable (or paradise planets who suddenly have the misfortune of Something Profitable being discovered) tend to rapidly become authoritarian dictatorship hell-holes. Just the sort of depressingly exciting place to put your protagonists. Ring Raiders An amusing civilization based around Saturn's Rings RocketCat's Universe The outline of an entire starter universe for you to tinker with. Santa Guard Santa Claus machines are perfect for establishing an interplanetary base. But they are also perfect for cranking out hundreds of weapons of mass destruction. They will have to be guarded. ScrapTown Shipbreakers chop up old spacecraft. But if the ship is huge, it might be colonized instead. Shady Space Stations Where you can get anything ... for a price. Ship Market Disruption When a trader's or transporter's spacecraft becomes obsolete due to technological disruption, times become financially tough. Which creates lots of angry ship owners. Which can drive exciting plots for your novel. Space Business Opportunities Various valuable services usable as business models for space corporations. Or as the business model for novices trying to establish a space business in the raw cut-throat space frontier. Space Station Functions A list of jobs commonly performed by space stations. It should spark some ideas. Spaceguard This is a motivation for spacegoing nations to establish a space military service. If asteroid miners are actually moving asteroids, everybody is going to want lots of warships to ensure that one isn't "accidentally" dropped on their nation by an enemy. Spaceguard Problems Spaceguards also have the problem of "Who Will Guard The Guardians?" Spaceguard Problems0 The Spaceguard concept does not scale well. When it breaks down, an entertaining situation occurs. Spaceport Functions A list of jobs commonly performed by spaceports. It should spark some ideas. Star-Town The spaceport red-light district Submarines in Space Reactionless drives ain't scientific at all. But if you postulate their existence, there is a long tradition of using such things to turn a submarine into instant starship. Thalassocracy How the spacefaring civilizations can enslave the planet dwellers The Three Generation Rule Space habitats have a limited lifespan because societies are lazy. Tourist Season How Hohmann windows can create a Martian Tourist Season, and Martian Convoys. Wagon Train in Space A plausible excuse for an inhabited solar system, by re-hashing American pioneer days Weird Astronomy The entire page is a list of strange astronomical objects just begging to be made into a science fiction story Harris Classifications In his article Staying on the Cutting Edge of Science Fiction, James Wallace Harris notes if you study the history of science fiction ideas, they break down into a limited number of areas: Interplanetary travel Interstellar travel Alien life forms Artificial beings (robots, AI, digital life, artificial life) Predicting future social structures Predicting future politics Impact of new technology and inventions Impact of new science (anti-gravity, multiverse, higher dimensions) Utopias Dystopias Post-apocalypse and collapse Post-humanism (mutants, clones, mental powers) End of humanity, end of the world The focus of this website is on interplanetary and interstellar travel. But I have a few odd pages devoted to some of the other ideas. Here is a mind map of one possible way to divide up science fiction ideas: Earth Extrapolation Future History Far Futures Utopias Dystopias Post-apocalypses Disasters Extinctions Lost worlds Aliens First contact Alien invasions SETI Alien archeology Alien superscience Directed panspermia Created Beings AI Androids Robots Artificial life Metaverse Digital life Uplifted animals Humanity Post-humans Homo superior (entire race of Homo Superior) Cyborgs Transhumans Directed evolution Human genetic manipulation Shapeshifting (werewolves, doppelgänger, etc.) Superman (one-of-a-kind Homo Superior) Mutants Clones Gender Sexuality Identity Transgender Mind Religion Philosophy Science Mental powers Mind transfer Language Time Time travel Alternate history Parallel universes Time loops Steampunk Metafiction Space Interplanetary travel Interstellar travel Galactic Empires FTL Wormholes (reduce the distance to the starship's destination by exploiting an external space warp, natural or artificial) Space warp (reduce the distance to the starship's destination by ship's engines warping space) Matter transmission Anti-gravity Hyperspace (make starship's velocity faster than light) STL Generation ships Cold sleep Relativity Colonies Moons Asteroids Planets Terraforming Worldbuilding Space habitats Interstellar Dyson sphere Ringworlds Stealing History For authors, creating the background for a novel from scratch is a daunting task. Authors writing historical novels have all the work done for them, they just have to read a few history textbooks. Science fiction novelists on the other hand, have to roll their own. That's a lot of work. If you are trying to write your own future history, legendary SF author Isaac Asimov shows the way. He took the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, filed off the serial numbers, replaced "Roman Empire" with "Galactic Empire", and thus wrote the Foundation Trilogy. (I jest. Asimov did much more than that. Asimov is one of the giants of science fiction and his Foundation trilogy is rightly considered to be one of the best SF series ever written, period.) As an example, Bill Baldwin's rollicking space opera The Helmsman Saga is obviously based on World War II, with scenes reminding one of The Battle of Britain and The Dunkirk Miracle. Noted SF author Ken MacLeod said "History is the trade secret of science fiction." This is yet another example of RocketCat's observation on science-fiction worldbuilding: "Everything Old Is New Again." Also remember the old bromide: "Truth is stranger than fiction, because fiction has to make sense." Keep in mind that you do not have to copy the historical record slavishly, even real history doesn't do that. It has been said it is not quite true that "history repeats itself", so much that it is more like "historical situations reoccur." More flippantly John Colombo said "History never repeats itself but it rhymes." For example, in Asimov's FOUNDATION AND EMPIRE: Asimov based character of Emperor Cleon II directly on the historical Roman Emperor Justinian I and the character of General Bel Riose was directly based on the historical General Belisarius. However, Asimov mixed and matched the historical models for different novels. In the novel FOUNDATION, the Foundation represents the historical Byzantine capital of the Byzantine Empire while the Galactic Empire is the historical Roman Empire. But in the novel FOUNDATION AND EMPIRE the Foundation represents the historical Medieval Catholic Church and it was the Galactic Empire representing the Byzantine Empire. Asimov did not slavishly copy real history when it fit the plot better to alter attributions. If you want to use Rome as a model for your galactic empire but find Gibbon's Decline and Fall a little overwhelming, there is always the Complete Idiot's Guide to the Roman Empire. If you want something in between, try The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire by Edward Luttwak. For a "crossover" science fictional history, read here. And go to The Tough Guide to the Known Galaxy and read the entry "COSMIC BACKGROUND HISTORY". You can use other sources besides history. Mythology and legends in general are good, and any of those which are based on the Monomyth in particular. Just ask George Lucas. Glen Cook's marvelous novel SHADOWLINE is a re-telling of Norse mythology. Only instead of Norse gods, it is about futuristic mercenary companies. The mercenary leader Storm is an Odin figure, sending two telepathic flying lizards around to spy in the same way Odin sent Huginn and Muninn. He has robot drone aircraft flying around various battlefields. If they spot some soldier who is valiant, when the soldier is killed the drones swoop down and carry off the body. The soldier is brought back to life by advanced medical techology and given the opportunity to enlist with Storm's mercenary legion, to fight and be reborn forever. This parallels the Norse tales of Valkyries and the undying warriors of Valhalla. Author Emil Petaja has a series of scifi novels based on the mythology from the Finnish Kalevela. Authors L. Sprague de Camp and Fletcher Pratt also used the Kalevala as source materials for their 0000 fantasy novella "The Wall of Serpents", part of their Incomplete Enchanter series. STARSONG by Fred Saberhagen is a retelling of the Orpheus myth. As is FOOL'S RUN by Patricia McKillip and GOAT SONG by Poul Anderson. And of course both STAR WARS: EPISODE IV - A NEW HOPE and THE MATRIX are directly based on the monomyth. Epic literature and opera can be harvested by the scifi author as well. FORBIDDEN PLANET is pretty much a science-fiction version of Shakespeare's The Tempest THE GAP INTO CONFLICT: THE REAL STORY by Stephen R. Donaldson is a interpretation of Wagner's Ring Cycle set in scifi. SPACE CHANTEY by R. A. Lafferty is a satirical futuristic version of Homer's Odyssey. And the DIES IRAE TRILOGY by Brian Stableford is also a science fictional version of the Odyssey but in full trilogy form. You can easy use cheesy old TV shows in lieu of epic literature. I always thought that the old show Tales of the Gold Monkey had a rocketpunk feel. Set in 0000 in the South Pacific, a flying boat doing island hopping, a colorful crew, with three huge empires (the US, Germany, and Japan) rattling their swords at each other. Friendly and enemy spies (one posing as a torch singer in the bar, the other posing as a man of the cloth), a Dragon Lady with her bodyguard, a bar with hints of Casablanca-like intrigue, and a shrewd island governor. Just replace the aircraft with rocketships, the ocean with space, the islands with planets, and the nations with interstellar empires. Instant Buck-Rogers-like universe. HISTORY IN SF The real history of the world and the many Alternate Histories which might have replaced it are extensively featured in sf stories of Time Travel and Parallel Worlds, but sf writers have also drawn much inspiration from history in designing hypothetical futures. Sometimes, like Charles L Harness in Flight into Yesterday (May 0000 Startling; exp 0000; vt The Paradox Men) and James Blish in Cities in Flight (0000-0000 var mags; omni 0000), they have made use of actual theories - from Arnold Toynbee (0000-0000) in the former case, Oswald Spengler in the latter - which have claimed to detect authentic cyclic patterns in history; more commonly, though, they have simply borrowed the past as a convenient template. Thus Miles J Breuer and Jack Williamson replayed the story of the American Revolution as the story of the revolt of the Moon's colony against its Earthly masters in The Birth of a New Republic (Winter 0000 Amazing Stories Quarterly; 0000 chap); Robert A Heinlein later did this more convincingly in The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress (December 0000-April 0000 If; 0000). Isaac Asimov gave to this process of borrowing a new gloss of sophistication in the first phase of his Foundation series (stories May 0000-January 0000 Astounding; 0000-0000 0vols; as The Foundation Trilogy omni 0000) by inventing his own futuristic science of Psychohistory, by which Edward Gibbon's retrospective analysis of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire is transmuted into Hari Seldon's prophetic analysis of the decline and fall of the Galactic Empire. Seldon's Plan, however, can change these deterministic prophecies by social engineering. Interestingly, a later novel by Asimov, The End of Eternity (0000), argues as strongly against social engineering as the Foundation series argued for it. Toynbee eventually recanted the cyclic theory outlined in A Study of History (0000-0000 00vols), and the earlier quasideterministic theories of Giambattista Vico (0000-0000) and Spengler's Decline of the West (0000-0000) never quite attained academic respectability, but the attractions of such theories to sf writers are obvious. Blish's fascination with Spengler became deep, respectful and altogether serious, and A E van Vogt drew inspiration from Spengler in The Voyage of the Space Beagle (stories July 0000-August 0000 Astounding, May 0000 Other Worlds; fixup 0000; vt Mission: Interplanetary 0000). Toynbeean ideas continued to echo various writers' works, including Frederik Pohl's and C M Kornbluth's "Critical Mass" (February 0000 Galaxy), in which they are quoted directly, Frank Herbert's Dune (fixup 0000), which seems to draw on Toynbee's picture of the Janissary-supported Turkish courts of the later Middle Ages, and Larry Niven's A World Out of Time (fixup 0000), which uses the Toynbee-derived notion of "water-monopoly empires" - i.e., empires founded on irrigation control. Philosophers of history who dealt in Near-Future climaxes rather than recurrent cycles - G W F Hegel (0000-0000) and Karl Marx (0000-0000) are the most obvious examples - have naturally been of less interest to sf writers. The Pulp magazines inherited from the dime novels (see Dime-Novel SF) two striking "mythologized" versions nineteenth century history: the first, of the USA's western expansion, which glorified the "frontier spirit", and the second, of Europe's exploration and colonization of foreign lands. These myths (see also Social Darwinism) were transferred to sf, where they became the animating forces of countless stories about the exploration of the Solar System and the Colonization of Other Worlds. "Out from Rigel" (December 0000 Astounding) by Robert H Wilson, which dramatizes the conflict between two spacemen on the "sandy plain" of a strange planet for the love of a girl back home, may be taken as a characteristic example of the former, while Brigands of the Moon (March-June 0000 Astounding; 0000) by Ray Cummings, with its competition between the imperial powers of Earth and Mars (representatives of the former evidently all-white; those of the latter somewhat - confusingly - less so) to exploit the resources of unexplored worlds, illustrates the latter. The reflection of these mythical versions of recent history has maintained a tenacious hold over the images of the future contained in Genre SF, and has been elaborated in various ways, sometimes painfully naive and sometimes quite extraordinary. (The phenomenon is not, of course, restricted to fiction; the idea of space as a "high frontier" requiring conquest by bold pioneers informs much actual political rhetoric, and may be regarded as NASA's guiding myth.) It is not only US history per se which is reflected in stories of space pioneering; US writers have been perfectly willing to adapt "relevant" bits of more distant history, producing not only a subgenre of Medieval Futurism but such images as those in Poul Anderson's The High Crusade (July-September 0000 Astounding/Analog; 0000), H Beam Piper's Space Viking (0000) and Ben Bova's Privateers (0000). Anderson has been a particularly prolific and artful borrower of entrepreneurial models from the past, taking in explorers, privateers, merchant princes and all manner of military empire-builders. From entry HISTORY IN SF by The Encyclopeda of Science Fiction Example Me: Here is an example for you to stretch your authorial muscles a bit. First, read this entertaining account by a historian who goes by the internet handle of John Bull: John Bull: Let's talk about the point after WW0 where the Knights Hospitaller, of medieval crusading fame, 'accidentally' became a major European air power. I sh*tteth ye not. So, if I asked you to imagine the Knights Hospitaller you probably picture: Angry Christians on armoured horses Them being wiped out long ago like the Templars Some Dan Brown bullsh*t And you would be (mostly) wrong about all three. Which is sort of how this happened. From the beginning (0000 or so), the Hospitallers were never quite as committed to the angry, horsey thing as the Templars. They had always (ostensibly) been more about protecting pilgrims and healthcare. They also quite liked boats. Which were useful for both. Over the next 000 years (or so), as the Christian grip on the Holy Lands waned, both military orders got more involved in their other hobbies - banking for the Templars, mucking around in boats for the Hospitaller. This proved to be a surprisingly wise decision on the Hospitaller part. By 0000ish, both Orders were homeless and weakened. As the Templars fatally discovered, being weak AND having the King of France owe you money is a bad combo. Being a useful NAVY, however, wins you friends. And this is why your first vision of the Hospitallers is wrong. Because they spent the next 000 YEARS, backed by France and Spain, as one of the most powerful naval forces in the Mediterranean, blocking efforts by the Ottomans to expand westwards by sea. To give you an idea of the trouble they caused: in 0000 Mehmet II sent 00,000 men (against the Knights 0000) to try and boot them out of Rhodes. He failed. Suleiman the Magnificent FINALLY managed it in 0000 with 000,000 men. But even he had to agree to let the survivors leave. The surviving Hospitallers hopped on their ships (again) and sailed away. After some vigorous lobbying, in 0000 the King of Spain agreed to rent them Malta, in return for a single maltese falcon every year. Because that's how good rents were pre-housing crisis in Europe. The Knights turned Malta into ANOTHER fortified island. For the next 000 years 'the Pope's own navy' waged a war of piracy, slavery and (occasionally) pitched sea battles against the Ottomans. From Malta, they blocked Ottoman strategic access to the western med. A point that was not lost on the Ottomans, who sent 00,000 men to try and take the island in 0000 - the 'Great Siege of Malta'. The Knights, fighting almost to the last man, held out and won. Now the important thing here is the CONTINUED EXISTENCE AS A SOVEREIGN STATE of the Knights Hospitaller. They held Malta right up until 0000, when Napoleon finally managed to boot them out on his way to Egypt (Partly because the French contingent of the Knights swapped sides). The British turned up about three months later and the French were sent packing, but, well, it was the British so: THE KNIGHTS: Can we have our strategically important island back please? THE BRITISH: What island? THE KNIGHT: That island THE BRITISH: Nope. Can't see an island After the Napoleonic wars no one really wanted to bring up the whole Malta thing with the British (the Putin's Russia of the era) so the European powers fudged it. They said the Knights were still a sovereign state and they tried to sort them out with a new country. But never did. The Russian Emperor let them hang out in St Petersburg for a while, but that was awkward (Catholicism vs Orthodox). Then the Swedes were persuaded to offer them Gotland. But every offer was conditional on the Knights dropping their claim to Malta. Which they REFUSED to do. John Bull: Maltese Cross Roundel It's the 0000s. The Knights are still a stateless state complaining about Malta. What that means legally is a can of worms NO ONE wants to open in international law but they've also rediscovered their original mission (healthcare) so everyone kinda ignores them. The Knights become a pseudo-Red Cross organisation. In WW0 they run ambulance trains and have medical battalions, loosely affiliated with the Italian army (still do). In WW0 they do it too. Italy surrenders. The allies move on then... Oh dear. Who wrote this peace deal again? It turns out the Treaty of Peace with Italy should go FIRMLY into the category of 'things that seemed a good idea at the time'. This is because it presupposes that relations between the west and the Soviets will be good, and so limits Italy's MILITARY. This is a problem. Because as the early Cold War ramps up, the US needs to build up its Euro allies ASAP. But the treaty limits the Italians to 000 airframes, and bans them from owning ANYTHING that might be a bomber. This can be changed, but not QUICKLY. Then someone remembers about the Knights. The Knights might not have any GEOGRAPHY, but because everyone avoided dealing with the tricky international law problem it can be argued - with a straight face - that they are still TECHNICALLY A EUROPEAN SOVEREIGN STATE. And they're not bound by the WW0 peace treaty. Italy (with US/UK/French blessing) approaches the Knights and explains the problem. The Knights reasonably point out that they're not in the business of fighting wars anymore, but anything that could be called a SUPPORT aircraft is another matter. So, in the aftermath of WW0, this is the ballet that happens: The Italians transfer all of their support and training aircraft to the Knights. This then frees up the 'cap room' to allow the US to boost Italy's warfighting ability WITHOUT breaking the WW0 peace treaty. This is why, in the late forties/fifties, a good chunk of the 'Italian' air force is flying with a Maltese Cross Roundel. Because they were not TECHNICALLY Italian. They were the air force of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. And that's how the Knights Hospitaller ended up becoming a major air power. Eventually the treaties were reworked, and everything was quietly transferred back. I suspect it's a reason why the sovereign status of the Knights remains unchallenged still today though. And that's why today, even thought they are now fully committed to the Red-Cross-esque stuff, they can still issue passports, are a permanent observer at the UN, have a currency... ..,and even have a tiny bit of Malta back. Me: OK science fiction authors, ready to become creative? Start with the history you have just read. Change the timeline from the past into the future. Change the location from Europe and the Mediterranean to a spiral arm of our galaxy. Replace sea-going ships and airplanes with combat starships. Replace fortified islands with orbital fortresses. Change the names of the various factions to new names that sound futuristic. Voila! Instant bizarre, but real, background for your next novel. And most of the background historical events as well. Start customizing it to your novel's needs and quite quickly you will have something special. Further material can be easily found by simple Google searches, or from historical texts. There is even a TV Tropes page. And I'm sure if you ask around among historians, they can point you at other equally bizzare but entertaining historical events that you can mine for your story backgrounds. GUIDED BY PAST HISTORY For some reason, possibly because of the awful title, for which I emphatically disclaim responsibility, "Black Friar of the Flame" is taken as the quintessence of my early incompetence. At least, fans who come across a copy think they can embarrass me by referring to it. Well, it isn't good, I admit, but it has its interesting points. For one thing, it is an obvious precursor to my successful "Foundation" series. In "Black Friar of the Flame," as in the "Foundation" series, human beings occupy many planets; and two worlds mentioned in the former, Trantor and Santanni, also play important roles in the latter. (Indeed, the first of the "Foundation" series was to appear only a couple of months after "Black Friar of the Flame," thanks to the delay in selling the latter.) Furthermore, there is also a strong suggestion in "Black Friar of the Flame" of my first book-length novel. Pebble in the Sky, which was to appear eight years later. In both, the situation I pictured on Earth was inspired by that of Judea under the Romans. The climactic battle in "Black Friar of the Flame," however, was inspired by that of the Battle of Salamis, the great victory of the Greeks over the Persians. (In telling future-history I always felt it wisest to be guided by past-history. This was true in the "Foundation" series, too.) From THE EARLY ASIMOV by Isaac Asimov (0000) ADAPTING SETTING FROM HISTORY The Eastern Mediterranean at the end of the 0rd century bc was a very complex region. The three empires founded by the successors of Alexander the Great were collapsing. They were locally powerful, but none was a superpower. Usurpers and secessionists complicated their politics. Leagues of city states - the Achaeans and Aetolians in Greece proper, others in Asia Minor - had their own interests. New kingdoms, particularly that of Pergamum, were growing at the expense of their neighbors, and barbarians - both Celtic and Illyrian - were becoming regional powers instead of merely raiding and moving on. Rome was still in the wings but the violent morass would shortly draw her in, ending both the chaos and her own status as a republic. (The region's enormous wealth and complexity, in my opinion, inexorably turned Rome into an empire.) I adapted this setting for Paying the Piper. The general background is that of the war between Rhodes and Byzantium, ostensibly over freedom of navigation. It was about as stupid a conflict as you're likely to find, during which the real principals licked their lips and chuckled while well-meaning idealists wrecked their own societies in pursuit of unobtainable goals by improper means. Much of the military detail is drawn from the campaigns of Phillip the Fifth and his allies against the Aetolian League, particularly the campaign of 000 bc which culminated in Phillip's capture of Psophis. I guess it isn't out of place to add one comment about the study of history. Knowing a good deal about how cultures interacted in the past allows one to predict how they will interact in the present, so I'm rarely surprised by the daily news. But I regret to say that this understanding doesn't appear to make me happier. From a background note to PAYING THE PIPER by David Drake (0000) READERS ARE FAMILIAR WITH THE FORM Star Trek uses a system of warping space to make their ships fly faster than light. Warping space is a long time tradition in SF, and the ensuing battles bear a striking resemblance to the battles between warships. This is no accident. Many space battles are written as though they were sea battles because the readers are familiar with the form, and besides, it's less work for the writers. In fact, in the original Star Trek series. the episode that introduced the Romulans was written exactly like a duel between a destroyer and a submarine (the cloaked Romulan ship being the submarine). I know that because I recognized the movie from which they were cribbing their plot. It was The Enemy Below, with Robert Mitchum as the American destroyer captain and Curt Jurgens as the German U-boat captain. From THE ART OF SCIENCE FICTION, VOLUME 0 by Michael McCollum (0000) DEPLOYING THE MONOMYTH IN SPACE OPERA So: in the ongoing investigation of space opera, I've looked at cliches, I've tried to come up with a rough definitional general rule ... but I've avoided what's possibly the largest elephant in the room, namely, plot structures. A key aspect of space opera is that it's about epochal events and larger-than-life characters. Most genres can be written to work in a variety of modes; for example, consider the difference in the level of melodrama in spy thrillers betwee James Bond and Graham Greene's The Human Factor. Similarly, high fantasy can be quietly introspective and pastoral, or focus on the clash of kings and dark lords, and horror can run the scale/focus gamut from The Yellow Wallpaper to The Stand. But space opera is different: it's almost impossible to conceive of a space opera with a plot that revolves around the eqivalent of a middle-aged English professor's mid-life crisis as he carries on a furtive affair with one of his female students under the nose of his long-suffering wife (the somewhat cruel stereotype of the MFA-approved Great American Novel). I mean, you could do it, but your professor would have had to have invented a new type of FTL drive that threatens to revolutionize interstellar travel, the student is a spy from a cartel of space traders and is trying to get the blueprints out of him before she stabs him in the kidneys (because: lecherous middle-aged prof, ew), and his wife - the professor of political science at Galactic U - is actually a retired assassin (and just wait 'til she finds out about the student). Into the middle of this quiet literary novel of academic infidelity and domestic lies, we then add an evil religious cult of alien space bat worshipers who want to steal the new space drive to equip their battle fleet when they sweep in from the Orion Arm to bring fire, the blaster, and the holy spacebat inquisition to the Federation, and when they kidnap the professor his wife and his grad student have to work out their differences to get him back before he cracks under (well-deserved) torture and gives the fanatics the ultimate weapon ... (Huh. Actually, that'd make a cracking space opera; just not one of mine. Anyone want to borrow it?) I stand by my point: you can't write space opera without ramping up the stakes to melodramatic levels. (Well, maybe you could if you were Iain M. Banks, but he was special that way.) The need for romanticist drama is one of the pillars of the sub-genre. And one of the recurring core tropes of the genre, which is so fundamental you can hardly call it a cliche (any more than boy-meets-girl/boy-loses-girl/boy-gets-girl is a "cliche" in genre romance) is the Campbellian Hero's Journey. If you are reading this blog you are familiar with the Hero's Journey monomyth because it's ubiquitous in our mythology and entertainment. Campbell derived it from studies of myths in many cultures, publishing his exposition The Hero with a Thousand Faces in 0000: his theory was that major myths from various world cultures can be traced back thousands of years and share a common cyclic template (with roughly 00 stages). Since then, it's been used repeatedly by entertainers as a construction template; for example, Christopher Vogler more or less codified it as a recipe while working for Disney studios. The plot of the original Star Wars trilogy was an explicit appropriation of the HJ cycle by to George Lucas (to be fair, before Vogler's codification); it's no accident that Darth Vader is Luke Skywalker's father (Vader is Dutch for "Father") or that the fight between Skywalker and Vader in The Empire Strikes back is one that Skywalker loses - but survives to re-fight more successfully later. A key feature of the monomyth is that the hero leaves home on a quest, faces challenges, confronts and is struck down by his father/the darkness, then rises again, atones/achieves enlightenment/excellence, and triumphs in a final struggle that represents maturation. Campbell's work isn't uncritically or universally accepted, to say the least, and there are variants on it: for example, Valerie Frenkel critiched him for focussing exclusively on the male variant of the Hero's Journey. It turns out that there are plenty of recurring myths where a version of the monomyth applies to women, with similar but distinctively different recurring stages focussing on the heroine's progress from girl to mother. Rather than fighting to defeat/overturn the parent, the heroine's struggle is to become the parent: rather than returning to the original home but as master (the male branch of the monomyth) the female version has her joining a new household as its mistress and new mother or goddess/priestess. Yes, this is all horribly gender-stereotyped. But I'll take a stab in the dark at diagnosing its origin: the stages in the monomyth echo the mammalian K-selective reproductive cycle - on hitting puberty the young adult leaves the nest/parents, goes looking for a mate, meets and overcomes obstacles (competitors and predators), finds a mate, forms a new mated pair. In the case of humans or other primates there may also be issues about troupe/pack hierarchy to be resolved. Yes, there are problems with this: it doesn't map onto social structures once established settlements and agriculture become the norm and the young adults are expected to stay home and plough the fields. But the monomyth remains deeply appealing because the mythic framework it builds on has very deep roots that go all the way down to primate reproductive biology. The monomyth doesn't have to be melodramatic: you can, at a pinch, apply it to that stereotypical MFA lit-fic novel of lecherous middle-aged academics without too much trouble. (The journey is one of internal psychological discovery, the threats are the protagonist's inner demons, the allies are the psychiatrist, the crisis/conflict is one of understanding ...) But as often as not, it's a structure for heroism: melodrama acts as a spice, raising the stakes and giving us a reason to pay attention to the protagonists, for their deeds are significant and implicitly may affect us (or the proxy the author has provided for our viewpoint). So: Space Opera. Take the monomyth as a framework for how the action unfolds, and mix it up with melodrama. Then add space ships, ray guns, and wide-scale travel backdrops. Arguably the monomyth comes first, before the background: although some of the more skilled authors of the sub-genre spin their plots within the constrains of a background world, and sometimes manage to avoid the monomyth completely. (I'd go so far as to say that "Matter" by Iain M. Banks is an almost complete rejection of the form, as is "Look to Windward" ... actually, I suspect IMB had his own different idea of a story structure in mind for the Culture novels: as often as not they're epic tragedies ("Consider Phlebas") or illustrations of the limits of heroism.) But if you're trying to spin a space opera, and you're reaching for a plot skeleton that works, the monomyth is your friend. Here's an exercise for the involved reader: take my dysfunctional Galactic U professorial marriage from the beginning of this essay and use the monomyth structure to come up with a plot, climax, and ending that delivers a satisfactory sense of closure. You might first want to consider who you are focussing on - the lecherous male prof, his spouse the academic with a dead-and-buried past (she thought) as an assassin, or the grad student with the secret mission. Then you need to consider what stage of the Hero's Journey you are joining them at - for there's no reason to assume the story starts at the beginning, rather than in media res. Next, work out what challenges and allies they might encounter on their way to the climax and resolution, and what role the other characters play in their quest. Finally: what is the prize they're seeking, how do they achieve it, and at what cost? For added points, see if you can find a way to twist the standard Hero's Journey cycle to apply a surprise climax to it - for example, by spinning this steamy menage-a-trois with added murderhate and alien space bats so that it appears at first to be one protagonist's journey but then switches track and turns out to be about one of the others (your classic example of this would be IMB's "Use of Weapons") ... From DEPLOYING THE MONOMYTH IN SPACE OPERA by Charles Stross (0000) Gaming Worldbuilding The Big Adventure for everyone who has ever played a tabletop RPG artwork by Guillaume Bonnet But what if instead of stealing from history for the background for your scifi series, you want to actually make your own background, not re-use history, but are not sure if you are up to the challenge? The answer is simulation. There are mathematical techniques that can indicate historical trends. I can see your eyes glazing over already. But don't panic. If you are allergic to mathematics, there is a simpler method that is far more fun. What if you made it a game? Submitted for your approval are two role-playing-games: Microscope (should get both Microscope and Microscope Explorer) and Diaspora (latest version). Microscope creates the historical background, while Diaspora's cluster creation system creates the map. These are table-top role-playing-games. In practice, they are simply more structured versions of the childhood game "Let's Play Make-Believe." The archetypal TTRPG is Dungeons & Dragons, you may have heard of it. There is a slight complication. To use technique to generate worldbuilding information for your SF novel you will need two or more creative people, counting yourself. It doesn't work well if you try it solo. The point is that a small group can make a much more interesting and multi-leveled background than any single person can (unless you are J. R. R. Tolkien, in which case you can stop reading right here). In fact, with a good group the creativity level goes up as the square of the number of players (e.g., three players are nine times as creative as one player, not three times as creative). So using these particular RPGs makes the group like a very focused brain-storming session, bouncing ideas off each other and everything. The fact that these are games means the process is a lot of fun for everybody involved. For either of these games, the author will have to recruit at least one other player. The players must be creative people. It helps if they are also frustrated story-tellers. Best of all is when the players are other authors. Both games assume that the players have strong narrative skills. Both games also assume that the players are good at inventing plot twists and other interesting complications. Obviously friction is reduced if they are a personality that plays nice with others. Also obviously it works best with extroverts, introverts who are afraid of speaking up will not contribute much. As a side note, it might be prudent for the author to get the other players to sign some sort of legal document about ownership of the intellectual property being created. Just in case. Be sure to get both Microscope and Microscope Explorer Microscope The purpose of a Microscope RPG game session is to create an epic history. The supplement book Microscope Explorer has a chapter "World-Building: Games Collide" with notes on how to adapt the game into a process to generate a background history for a novel. Other RPGs require one player to be the "Game Master", but in Microscope there is no game master, only players. In addition to the game manuals, you will need some 0x0 (or smaller) index cards plus pens or pencils. Microscope requires two to five players, it seems to play best with three or four players. Unlike other RPGs, the players will not have a set character they play. Instead they will mandate historical changes, and role-play pivotal people at key points in the generated history. You also will not play the game in chronological order. You the player may know about "future" events but be surprised by events happening in the past. The history is built from the outside in. The players start with the big picture: the grand scheme of history, then focus on carving out the small details. In other words: the history is built like a fractal. It is also possible to use Microscope to flesh out a pre-imagined history. You just have to establish the part that are set in stone. Unlike using Diaspora to make the map, using Microscope to make the history means you have to play out the entire game. Using Diaspora to make the map means you can stop playing at the end of the pre-campaign universe creation phase. Here is a good over-view of Microscope, from a person who was intending to use it in the creation of backgrounds for campaigns to be used in other RPGs. Reviews are here and here. The game is played with index cards on a table, but there is an iOS app Microscope Journal. Get Diaspora Diaspora Diaspora is based on the FATE RPG system. The Diaspora game book is the only manual you need to play. It is easiest to play using special FATE dice, but it is possible to use ordinary six-sided dice. Diaspora is best with three to five players. As a side note: Diaspora is a game intended to resemble the old Traveller scifi RPG using the FATE system as a foundation. Relevant to our interests is the first part of a new Diaspora game campaign. In it, the players do not role-play their characters in an adventure. Instead they create the layout of their game universe, and create their characters. This is unlike most other RPGs. In those, the Game Master creates the map, situation, and other parameters of the campaign (either by inventing them or by purchasing a pre-made campaign module from the publishers). In Diaspora, the campaign is created by the players in a collaborative process. In this respect (as with other aspects of the FATE system), much of the power and control of the game lies with the players, not with the game master as is common. As another side note, I will observe that this is a stroke of genius. The players become quite emotionally invested in the campaign background, since they helped create it. The result is also much more rich and multi-layered than any single game-master could possibly make all by themselves (this is the feature that made me alert to the possibility of using the game as an aid to science fiction authors). I have read many reviews of Diaspora where the reviewer started (as per the rules) with the players creating the campaign. The reviewers noted that the players fell in love with the campaign background they created, and vowed to use the background even using a different RPG than Diaspora to play with. Most other RPGs have the players "roll-up" their character's stats and write their back stories independently. This means when they meet for a gaming session, their characters do not mesh well. The game master starts with some lame introduction along the lines of "all you rag-tag individuals just happen to meet in a bar one fine night...". But in Diaspora, as part of the character creation process, the characters start out with some history with each other. SPIRE PRODIGUS SPACE STATION Aspect Map by Daniel Swensen click for larger image Now remember that I said Microscope was used to make the background history, while Diaspora was for the map. The above image is a Diaspora Cluster map. A, B, C, D, E, and F are solar systems, places the players can visit. They are connected by "sliplines", which are basically wormholes. The wormholes are fixed. This means that a starship at system F can jump to system C or system E, and no other. Poor system A only has a wormhole to system B. Transport hub system C has wormholes to B,D, E, and F. Since the length of the wormholes are all the same, the above diagram is a type of graph called a node map. The actual positions of the solar system is superfluous, the important thing is their connections. Note this is an abstract representation. In the game the circles are solar systems. But for the author's purpose they can be planets, space habitats, continents, city-states, the turfs of various street gangs in a city, etc. Further abstractly, they can represent political connections between noble families, lines of control between organized crime gangs, lines of communication between bureaucratic agencies in a government, alliances between interstellar empires, the power structure of factions in a War of the Roses style dynastic struggle, the structure of urban districts and suburbs in an Akira-like cybertech city, warring Medieval fantasy kingdoms, etc. The best number of systems is from six to ten, divided up among the players to write their backgrounds and local color (with input from the other players). The connections and basic attributes are established by die rolls but the rest is all pure creativity. In Diaspora terms, the creatively made descriptions are in the form of game "aspects." These are pithy one-liners describing a major feature of the location. An aspect is a free form descriptor of something notable about the planet or whatever. (This paragraph explains how aspects are used in regular Diaspora game play. If you could care less, skip to the next paragraph) Like other FATE games, playing Diaspora resembles a round-robin storytelling session. The players are basically collaborating on telling the story. During play, a player can attempt to change the story a bit, add a plot complication or whatever. This requires a successful roll of the dice. With any game-required die roll, if any aspect present is relevant to the intention of the roll, the player gets a bonus to their roll. Example: say Player Alfa wants to add a plot complication to the situation. They decide that Player Bravo is going to have their pocket picked by a street urchin. None of player Alfa's aspects are relevant, neither are any of player Bravo's aspects. However, they are at a location called "Mos Eisley Spaceport" which just so happens to have an aspect of "A Great Hive of Scum and Villainy". That is relevant to getting one's pocket picked. So player Alfa gets a plus-one bonus to their die roll, making the chance of success easier. When a player is creating the system(s) assigned to them, some aspects are suggested by the rating for the system (the randomly rolled values for the systems technology level, environmental level, and resources level). For instance, if the enviroment level is 0 (One garden world and several hostile environments), the player might be inspired by the thought of who is living on these planets and invent an attribute of "The Rich have all the desireable real estate, and the poor are rather upset about that". Other attributes come straight out of the twisted imagination of the player, e.g., "We all live in flying cities floating over the deadly depths of a gas giant". When the SF Author reads that, interesting plot ideas are inspired. Such as how this makes it very easy to dispose of contraband. Or a dead body. Just dump it overboard and the gas giant will crush it into component atoms, never to be seen again... Aspects of a solar system might relate to politics ("Balkanized," "A benevolent monarch," "Turmoil!"), philosophy ("Hopelessness is a way of life," "Every man for himself," "The Law above all"), geography ("One vast desert," "Basalt plains," "Underground cities"), hydrography ("Waterworld," "Poisonous lakes"), local astrography ("Neutron star," "Deep in the dark nebula," "Life in an asteroid belt") or history ("Once was great," "Won the battle but not the war," "Remembering the yoke"). The next step in universe creation is rolling for the placement of wormhole links and creating attributes related to the consequences of the linkages. The player in charge of creating System A notices that it has only one solitary wormhole link. The player decides that System A is not going to get much traffic, and will get zero traffic just passing through. They further decide that one of the consequences of that is the system will be relatively impoverished, with not much interstellar trade to bring in money. After thinking it over some more, they decide that another consequence is this will obviously be a system in the boondocks, a dead-end system out in the sticks. The player in charge of creating System C may or may not conclude that by the same token the system is going to be relatively wealthy and cosmopolitan since they are at the crossroads of the entire network of wormhole links. And so on. After that, you examine the systems you are creating with respect to the entire cluster, and give each system an aspect reflecting their place in the implied web of trade and politics. The players discuss this among themselves to reach a consensus. The final step is creating the characters the players will use. The SF author may find some of these characters interesting enough to also use in their novels. The characters start from a one of the systems, which colors their initial personality. For instance, a character born in System A will be from a disadvantaged neighborhood, while one in system C will be more upwardly mobile. There are stages in defining a given character. Some stages has the player owning the character collaborating with another player. For instance, the stage "Moment of Crisis" is about some life event that changed a character, and it must involve the character of the player sitting to your right at the gaming table. This ensures that the characters have some prior history with other characters. Yes, all this sounds like a weird way to play a game, but in practice it is a lot of fun and it results in some superior world-building. There are examples of Diaspora cluster creation here, here and here. There is a description on how to adapt the Diaspora Cluster Creation system to politics or medieval villages here. Standard Diaspora has the circles being solar system, with randomly rolled values for systems technology level, environmental level, and resources level. If the circles are other things, different levels may be needed. For instance if the circles are political parties perhaps the levels are technology level, resources level, and morality level. And instead of wormhole links, the connecting lines could be lines of conflict between parties. There are some other suggestions here. It is quite impressive the rich maps they managed to create in only a few hours, while having tons of fun doing it. The emotional investment all the participants have in the results are great for game sessions but do not directly help a science fiction author. Unless it encourages the players to eventually purchase your novel since it is set in the universe they created (remember, the author might need to have the players sign some sort of legal document with respect to ownership of the intellectual property created). Understand that the point of this is to make a background map for your SF novel. Once you have made it, you don't have to play the rest of the game (unless you want to). There is one other part of the Diaspora initial creation phase that is useful for SF authors. During game-play, it is useful to make an Fate Zone Map ("aspect map") of the fine details about an important location: space station, spaceship, skyscraper, neighborhood, spaceport, whatever. "Important" meaning "critical parts of the story plot will happen here". These are usually made by one or two players. The zones are tagged with aspects, which are used for playing the game. But for an SF author, the aspects are useful notes about the general character of the location. For instance, in the Spire Prodigus aspect map, the location "Flop City" has the aspect "Hide Your Valuables", while the location "Underzone" had the aspect "Anything For A Price." Which tells you more or less all you need to know about those locations, your imagination and sense of logic can fill in the blanks. For a writer the location map will be useful crib notes to help keep the details straight. If a person can move from any location to any other location, you do not have to bother drawing connecting lines. Lines are only needed if travel is channelized. For instance: you'll need line from the Prison Main Gate loc to the Security Checkpoint loc then to the Main Hallway loc then to individual cells. Make notes on the lines about any special requirements needed to travel on the line, e.g., cannot use line from Security Checkpoint to the Main Hallway unless you manage to pass a security scan. If an individual location cannot be entered unconditionally, but has no line leading to it, just put the entry requirement notes on the border of that location. In the Audion Station aspect map, the legend in the lower right has aspects for the entire station: Just Don't Ask Where We Got This The Eyes and Ears of this Space Sector Held Together with Spit and Bailing Wire Re-purposed Military Hardware What Safety Regulations? Individual locations have all the station aspects, in addition to their own unique aspect(s). Location "Fire Control" has the aspect "More Like Fire Anarchy Amirite?" and the location "Sensor Array" has the aspect "We Are Listening." AUDION STATION Aspect Map by Daniel Swensen click for larger image click for larger image click for larger image Managing Assumptions from Marvel What If? Vol 0 00 artwork by Herb Trimpe, Pablo Marcos, and D. R. Martin For a science fiction author, nothing makes your stories not age well quite as badly as an over-looked assumption. Sadly, they are almost impossible for an author to spot. And in any event the author has better things to do, like writing the story. The classic example is all those pulp scifi stories where the protagonists unthinkingly light up their cigars and cigarettes inside their spaceships. If they all perish of asphyxiation by fouling their air supply with tobacco smoke, they will get zero sympathy from RocketCat. But for the scifi authors, everybody smoking like chimneys was just one of those over-looked assumptions. An assumption so universal as to be invisible to the author. Don't be smug, chances are that your stories will contain similar egregious flaws only visible fifty years from now. Even now young children are puzzled by stories where the protagonists use something called telephone directory yellow pages to find numbers that can be dialed into wall mounted phone. And more recent stories have mysterious things called "dial-up" internet connections, which are cut off if somebody else in the house picks up the telephone handset. More forgivable is when the author makes a good faith effort to predict the future, but badly misses the mark. At least they tried. The general precaution an author can take is making a diversion. You throw in some very odd futuristic detail to remind the reader that they ain't in Kansas any more. And hopefully distract the reader so much that they fail to notice any over-looked assumption you mistakenly left in. For instance, Robert Heinlein was fond of mentioning in passing how the door dilated open. CIGARETTES 0 "Lights are off because relays opened when the crash short circuited them." Morey and the entire group were suddenly shaking. "Nervous shock," commented Zezdon Afthen. "It will be an hour or more before we will be in condition to work." "Can't wait," replied Arcot testily, his nerves on edge, too. "Morey, make some good strong coffee if you can, and we'll waste a little air on some smokes." Morey turned and went to the galley. Five minutes later they returned to the corridor, where Arcot stood still, looking fixedly at the engine room. They were carrying small plastic balloons with coffee in them. They drank the coffee and returned to the control room, and sat about, the terrestrians smoking peacefully, the Ortolian and the Talsonian satisfying themselves with some form of mild narcotic from Ortol, which Zezdon Afthen introduced. "Well, we have a lot more to do," Arcot said. "The air-apparatus stopped working a while back, and I don't want to sit around doing nothing while the air in the storage tanks is used up." From INVADERS FROM THE INFINITE by John W. Campbell, Jr. (0000) OBSOLETE TERMS 0 'All systems functioning normally,' said Hal. 'Two minutes to ignition.' Strange, thought Floyd, how terminology often survives long after the technology that gave it birth. Only chemical rockets were capable of ignition; even if the hydrogen in a nuclear or plasma drive did come into contact with oxygen, it would be far too hot to burn. At such temperatures, all compounds were stripped back into their elements. His mind wandered, seeking other examples. People - particularly older ones - still spoke of putting film into a camera (today digital cameras are standard), or gas into a car (soon electric cars will be standard). Even the phrase 'cutting a tape' was still sometimes heard in recording studios - though that embraced two generations of obsolete technologies. From 0000: ODYSSEY TWO by Arthur C. Clarke (0000) Underestimation A circa-0000 era artist attempts to visualize the futuristic year 0000. Our attempts to visualize the future will probably be just as ludicrous. Image courtesy of Paleo-Future Blog A common failing of with those who write future histories is a failure to take into account Future Shock, that is, the rapid progress of technological advancement. Refer to the "Apes or Angels" argument. Consider that one hundred years ago the paper clip had just been invented, Marconi had invented the wireless radio, the Wright brothers had invented the airplane, and the latest cutting edge material was Bakelite. Assuming that technology continues to advance at the same rate, all of our flashy technological marvels of today will look just as quaint and obsolete in the year 0000. And in 0000, they will look like something made by Galileo. Remember, this assumes that the rate of technological progress remains the same. The evidence suggests that the rate is increasing. When it comes to futures histories in various SF novels, the main failing I have noted is a failure of scope. While you may read novels with orbital beanstalks, immortality drugs, virtual people living in digital cyber-reality, nanotechnology, transhumanity and post-humans, Dyson spheres, teleportation, zero-point energy, matter duplicators, time travel, cloning, and cyborgs; you almost never find an individual novel that has all of these things (although Greg Egan's DIASPORA comes close, and the Orion's Arm project comes even closer). This is because future history SF novels are not meant to predict the future, so much as they are meant to illuminate a specific point the author is trying to make. This topic is gone into in more detail here. I am once again stunned at the insistence that Star Trek has to be allegorically relevant, but if it must, I'd prefer it take on more scientific/ethical issues, like a justification for banning genetic enhancement. or how a society with FTL, molecular replication, and teleportation has managed to sidestep a technological singularity. Star Trek is considered by many to be the public face of SF, it's flagship. I hold by my belief that to retain that title it needs to take it up a level: travel out into some heretofore unexplored quadrant and find that it is heavily populated by Type II Kardashev cultures, Lovecraftian ancients, Kirby-esque star gods, Matrioshka brain AIs trying to tap reality's source-code, post-singularity societies like Banks Culture, Wright's Oecumene, or Hamilton's Edenists, etc. In short, Trek needs to catch up with the rest of science fiction. Jeff Patterson Cliches and Tropes Video Clip "Every Episode of Popular Space ShowTM" Devastatingly on-point satire by Alasdair Beckett-King Support Alasdair Beckett-King click to play video SMEERP "Call a Rabbit a Smeerp" A cheap technique for false exoticism, in which common elements of the real world are re-named for a fantastic milieu without any real alteration in their basic nature or behavior. "Smeerps" are especially common in fantasy worlds, where people often ride exotic steeds that look and act just like horses. (Attributed to James Blish.) From TURKEY CITY LEXICON (0000) BAT DURSTON Galaxy Rear Cover image from Battered, Tattered, Yellowed, & Creased click for larger image (ed note: This is the origin for the insult that a hack scifi author is writing a "Bat Durston". This is when a lazy scifi writer is trying to create a space western by taking an existing cowboy western and frantically calling a rabbit a smeerp on every story element in a desperate attempt to convince the reader that they are at Alpha Centauri instead of the O.K. Corral) Jets blasting, Bat Durston came screeching down through the atmosphere of Bbllzznaj, a tiny planet seven billion light years from Sol. He cut out his super-hyper-drive for the landing...and at that point, a tall lean spaceman stepped out of the tail assembly, proton gun-blaster in a space-tanned hand. "Get back from those controls, Bat Durston," the tall stranger lipped thinly. "You don't know it, but this is your last space trip." Hoofs drumming, Bat Durston came galloping down through the narrow pass at Eagle Gulch, a tiny gold colony 000 miles north of Tombstone. He spurred hard for a low overhange of rim-rock...and at that point a tall, lean wrangler stepped out from behind a high bolder, six-shooter in a sun-tanned hand. "Rear back and dismount, Bat Durton," the tall stranger lipped thinly. "You don't know it but this is your last saddle-jaunt through these here parts." Sound alike? They should - one is merely a western transplanted to some alien and impossible planet. If this is your idea of science fiction, you're welcome to it! YOU'LL NEVER FIND IT IN GALAXY! What you will find in GALAXY is the finest science fiction...authentic, plausible, thoughtful...written by authors who do not automaticallly switch over from crime waves to Earth invasions; by people who know and love science fiction...for people who also know and love it. From the rear cover of the first issue of GALAXY SCIENCE FICTION MAGAZINE (0000) THE SHARED JARGON OF SF One of the central features of SF after John W. Campbell's reinvention of the field in the late 0000s has been an expository style in which, rather than being directly told the important features of a fictional world, the reader is encouraged to half-consciously deduce them from clues dropped by the writer. Thus, for example, a writer who wishes to establish that most people are telepaths in his future might make his viewpoint character's first line "What would it be like to wake up in the morning and be unable to read minds?". Or (to cite a well-known example due to Samuel Delany) a writer wishing the reader to imagine with him a future of intense space industrialization might throw in a casual reference to "the monopole mines in the asteroid belt". Reading SF is, accordingly, a learned skill of some complexity. First, one has to learn to actually see sentences like "What would it be like to wake up in the morning and be unable to read minds?" rather than editing "unable" into "able" and missing the point. Then, one has to develop at least casual, imagistic knowledge about things like the asteroid belt and magnetic monopoles, in order to be able to interpret "the monopole mines in the asteroid belt" as something more meaningful than (as Delany puts it) a gaudy purple word-noise. It is thus clear that the process of reading SF involves merging the stream of prose presented by the writer with a rather large amount of special context. To some extent, of course, this is true of any genre of fiction or art not set in the reader's everyday world - readers of Westerns (for example) need to know what a Peacemaker is, and why a vaquero might throw a lariat, and what he throws it at. But the context an SF reader (and writer) needs is unusual in some important respects. First, there's a lot more of it. To fully decode "the monopole mines in the asteroid belt" it's not sufficient merely to know what the asteroid belt is and what a monopole is (a theoretically possible but not yet observed particle with an isolated "north pole" or "south pole" charge). You need to have a fair idea why people might want them enough to mine them (for use in tiny but very powerful motors, as it happens). You need to know something about the history and economics of extractive industries in frontier areas, enough to predict that Belt miners are going to be a pretty rough-necked crowd to be playing around with all that space technology, and that there's likely to be something not totally unlike the wild and wooly Nevada mining camps of the late nineteenth century going on out there among the flying mountains. Second, a lot of that context is about things that don't exist yet. A novice reader of Westerns has a fair chance of having enough knowledge about the American West to read a Louis L'Amour novel without tripping over unknown concepts. The American West existed - perhaps not as dramatically and mythically portrayed, but it existed. There's lots of implicit and explicit knowledge about it floating around in the general culture. You can go into any hat store and buy at least a reasonable imitation of a ten-gallon hat. A reader of post-Campbellian SF has none of these advantages. It's not sufficient to understand a single history; one needs to have a working grasp of a large number of possible futures - to be able to draw inferences from the text of an SF work that are roughly parallel to the author's intended ones, even though both author and reader are imagining a world that has never existed! So stated, the task before writer and reader seems well-nigh impossible. And yet, SF writers do successfully communicate with their readers (if perhaps only with their readers...). And experienced SF readers show every sign of being able typically to synchronize with a writer's world vision without even mental effort significant enough to be noticeable. How can this be? The answer, almost never stated as such but implicitly understood by all SF fans, is that the SF genre over the last fifty years has evolved a sophisticated code of shared signifiers for describing counterfactual worlds. The gravamen of this essay is that these signifiers (the jargon of SF) function not merely as a set of isolated signs but as descriptions of a stock set of prototype worlds which they logically and conventionally imply, and which permit writers to specify mainly what (if anything) is unique about their world vision rather than what is shared with the rest of SF. Critics unfamiliar with the field (and even some familiar with it) frequently miss this point. To see why, we need to take a look at the different ways a reader or critic may respond to SF jargon. In looking at an SF-jargon term like, say, "groundcar", or "warp drive" there is a spectrum of increasingly sophisticated possible decodings. The most naive is to see a meaningless, uninterpretable wordlike noise and stop there. The next level up is to recognize that uttering the word "groundcar" or "warp drive" actually signifies something that's important for the story, but to lack the experience to know what that is. The motivated beginning reader of SF is in this position; he must, accordingly, consciously puzzle out the meaning of the term from the context provided by the individual work in which it appears. The third level is to recognize that "ground car" and "warp drive" are signifiers shared, with a consistent and known meaning, by many works of SF - but to treat them as isolated stereotypical signs, devoid of meaning save inasmuch as they permit the writer to ratchet forward the plot without requiring imaginative effort from the reader. Viewed this way, these signs emphasize those respects in which the work in which they appear is merely derivative from previous works in the genre. Many critics (whether through laziness or malice) stop here. As a result they write off all SF, for all its pretensions to imaginative vigor, as a tired jumble of shopworn cliches. The fourth level, typical of a moderately experienced SF reader, is to recognize that these signifiers function by permitting the writer to quickly establish shared imaginative territory with the reader, so that both parties can concentrate on what is unique about their communication without having to generate or process huge expository lumps. Thus these "stereotypes" actually operate in an anti-stereotypical way - they permit both writer and reader to focus on novelty. At this level the reader begins to develop quite analytical habits of reading; to become accustomed to searching the writer's terminology for what is implied (by reference to previous works using the same signifiers) and what kinds of exceptions and novelties convey information about the world and the likely plot twists. It is at this level, for example, that the reader learns to rely on "groundcar" as a tip-off that the normal transport mode in the writer's world is by personal flyer. At this level, also, the reader begins to analytically compare the author's description of his world with other SFnal worlds featuring personal flyers, and to recognize that different kinds of flyers have very different implications for the rest of the world. For example, the moderately experienced reader will know that worlds in which the personal fliers use wings or helicopter-like rotors are probably slightly less advanced in other technological ways than worlds in which they use ducted fans - and way behind any world in which the flyers use antigravity! Once he sees "groundcar" he will be watching for these clues. The very experienced SF reader, at the fifth level, can see entire worlds in a grain of jargon. When he sees "groundcar" he associates to not only technical questions about flyer propulsion but socio-symbolic ones but about why the culture still uses groundcars at all (and he has a reportoire of possible answers ready to check against the author's reporting). He is automatically aware of a huge range of consequences in areas as apparently far afield as (to name two at random) the architectural style of private buildings, and the ecological consequences of accelerated exploitation of wilderness areas not readily accessible by ground transport. The better an SF writer is, the more subtly and effectively he will play off against the experienced reader's analytical skills. At the highest levels, SFnal exposition takes on the nature of a delicate, powerful intellectual dance or game between writer and reader, requiring much from both and rewarding both very richly. Indeed, to true aficionados of the genre this game is the whole point of SF, the unique quality which elevates it above other fictional forms. This attitude explains much about the genre that outsiders find obscure and annoying - the intimacy between fans and writers; the indifference or outright hostility to conventional "literary values"; the pervasive SF-fan complaint that outsiders "just don't get it" and (when they deign to approve of SF at all) like all the wrong books for all the wrong reasons. It is not, however, the purpose of this essay to issue a general apologia for SF and the attitudes of its fans. Rather, we are concerned here with the rules of the game - the ways in which the shared context which makes SF intelligible evolved, is represented in the minds of writers and readers, and is communicated to new readers and writers. SF readers and writers have only finite memory and processing time to spend on the genre. Therefore they can have only a finite set of templates or archetypes to use as references in the game of communicating constructed worlds with each other. How (one may reasonably ask) can one particular finite set of prototypes have become established as the references that hold the genre together? The set of possible prototypes is, first, strongly constrained by the way the universe works. No SF fan would, for example, believe without a lot of explicit convincing argument in a culture that uses both laser cannons and stone-throwing catapults as war weapons. Techno-logic says this doesn't happen, and the central constraint of the SF game is that the author gets only a very limited number of implausible premises before the suspension bridge of disbelief collapses. To the extent we understand a "logic" in history and social structures, that constrains prototype worlds as well. A writer can erect a Galactic Emperor, or can describe by implication a relatively un-coercive interstellar society with secure property rights, unrestricted travel, a free press, etc; but if they're both going to be in the same world at the same time, the Emperor had better be a consitutional monarch rather than a bloody-handed despot casually shipping people off to the thorium mines. At this point we must explicitly admit that to speak of prototype worlds is a bit of an oversimplification. Prototype worlds do exist (and there are reasons we'll discuss in a bit to cast the discussion in terms of them) but there are many possible-world templates of less than whole-world size. An excellent example, taking off from the previous discussion of "groundcar", is the template for "flitter technology", which we can express partly as the following series of statements and implications: Flitters have roughly the speed and altitude limits of a light plane but are capable of vertical or very-short-field operation. Flitters have about the cost range of a present-day automobile. Flitters effectively never fall out of the sky. (Otherwise they would be deemed too dangerous for widespread personal use.) For the previous statement to be true, flitters probably use some unknown form of no-moving-parts antigravity technology or reactionless drive. Be unsurprised if the world features other possible applications of exotic physics and force field technology, such as force shields, exotic energy weapons, and a faster-than-light drive If ground transport is still used at all, either the reasons are ceremonial and sentimental (as with horse transport today) or something about flitter technology makes it uneconomic for long hauls of large payloads. Roads no longer exist, except possibly as isolated museum pieces for groundcar fanciers. Urban architecture is no longer structured by a street grid; expect lots of parks and pedestrian malls instead. There is virtually no habitable untouched wilderness left on Earth. Sub-planetary governments probably no longer exist. If they do, they somehow manage it despite being effectively unable to control cross-border transit. And more... Notice that this prototype has both a defining logical consistency and hooks to other prototypes - for example, the fourth item implies the existence of a "force field" or "exotic physics" template that groups together antigravity, energy weapons, and a faster-than-light drive. When enough of these prototypes hook together, one has a prototype world. And this is in fact often what happens in an SF reader's head as he comprehends the clues a writer has scattered about in a work of SF. But previous discussion has centered on the idea of a prototype world because those, too are entities recognized by readers - and, in fact, every prototype of less than whole-world size started out life as a fragment of a prototype world! Thus, for example, one of the prototype dystopias in SF looks like this: The society is rigidly stratified along birth-caste lines. Birth castes are produced by technological manipulation in creches. Either caste is obvious from physical appearance, or people wear uniform-like clothes which display their caste affiliation. Having a child outside the creche system is highly illegal. Conformity is maintained by inculcation of a a religious or quasi-religious ideology in which the mythic founders of the society play a central role, with an effective secret police as backstop. This prototype dystopia may be set on a starship, in a hivelike fortress-city, or on an ecologically devastated future Earth. The background technology may be nearly that of present-time Earth or include interstellar travel and nanotechnology. Nevertheless, it's hard for anyone who has read the original to miss that this prototype is essentially a fragment of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (0000) running around loose. In some cases (like this one), most SF fans can instantly name the source story of a prototype world or fragment in some seminal work of the genre. Indeed, perhaps the best single-sentence definition of a seminal work in SF would be this: one that originated a still-recognized template world or major fragment. In other cases, the prototype world becomes sufficiently detached from its original source(s) that they are no longer readily identifiable. For example, here is a prototype world that has been extremely widespread in SF since at least the early 0000s. One might call it the "Galactic Federation" template: Earth humanity has faster-than-light interstellar travel and has spread to dozens or hundreds of extra-solar planets (transit times on the order of weeks). Key technologies include FTL, personal flyers, and energy weapons; may include forcefields; do not generally include advanced biological manipulation, matter transmission, or nanotechnology (or there may be taboos that prevent application of these to humans). Human space is dominated by a single political unit with a democratic federal structure, with individual planetary governments sending representatives to a galactic senate. The federation government has a military monopoly. but lacks either the capability or authority (or both) to routinely interfere in events below planetary level. Planetary law varies, but most worlds share a common legal framework including property rights, freedom of speech and assembly, and unrestricted travel. The older worlds, closer to Earth (the "core" or "core worlds") are wealthy, heavily urbanized, and (for story purposes) boring. The frontier (the "fringe") is a rough, challenging environment (most stories are set there). New worlds are constantly being scouted and opened to colonization. There is usually a specialist service of the federation government, quasi-military in structure but distinct from the military, dedicated to exploring new worlds. The economic structure is a relatively laissez-faire capitalism. In the core regions, planetary governments are more powerful than corporations. On the fringe the reverse is occasionally true. The federation may be in occasional or regular contact with nonhuman aliens beyond its frontiers. If so, relations are generally peaceful (otherwise the federation's political structure would become more centralized and militarized than in the standard prototype) though there may be tension, occasional minor flare-ups and may have been a significant war within historical memory. And more... All these implications are present, to an experienced SF reader, the instant a writer says "the Federation" or anything recognizably similar. Among other instances, this is the prototype of the Star Trek universe's "United Federation of Planets". From E.E. "Doc" Smith's space operas in the 0000s through William Gibson's original cyberpunk novels in the early 0000s, the most important works in SF have been those that created or solidified new prototype worlds - and with them, new jargon, new signifiers that eventually became signatures of the prototypes as they drifted free of their sources to be used and transformed and re-worked in new works of SFnal imagination. This is why the shared jargon of SF is so important to understanding the field as a whole. It maps in miniature the structure of the prototype worlds that readers and writers hold in common. From SF WORDS AND PROTOTYPE WORLDS by Eric S. Raymond (0000) TOWARDS A TAXONOMY OF CLICHES IN SPACE OPERA artwork by Hubert Rogers Some of you might remember the Evil Overlord's List, a list of all the generic cliche mistakes that Evil Overlords tend to make in fiction (00: I will never utter the sentence "But before I kill you, there's just one thing I want to know."). I think that it might be a good idea to begin bolting together a similar list of the cliches to which Space Opera is prone, purely as an exercise in making sure that once I get under way I only make new and original mistakes, rather than recycling the same-old same-old. This is not an exhaustive list - it's merely a start, the tip of a very large iceberg glimpsed on the horizon. And note that I'm specifically excluding the big media franchise products - Star Wars, Star Trek, Firefly, and similar - from consideration: any one of them could provide a huge cliche list in its own right, but I'm interested in the substance of the literary genre rather than in what TV and film have built using the borrowed furniture of the field. Planetary civilizations This subheading covers common cliches/mistakes made in discussing inhabited (Earthlike) planets and the people who live on them. Planets are small and easily explored All the land masses on a planet are easily accessible You can fly anywhere on a planet in a short time without leaving the atmosphere You can fly anywhere at Mach 0.0+ without experiencing hull heating due to atmospheric friction You can fly anywhere at Mach 0.0+ without worrying about Air Traffic Control and NOTAMs Everywhere on a planet shares a common climate and the same weather patterns The same plants and animals can be found everywhere on a given planet Coriolis force, trade winds, cyclones, what are those? Oceans are small, land-locked, and mainly useful for fishing Plate tectonics is easily ignored, unless the plot requires a Volcano/Earthquake Deep carbon cycle, subduction, ionosphere UV splitting of water, long-term terraforming stability: why worry about little things like that? Ice ages are inevitably global Some planets have a breathable atmosphere but no water Space and cosmology Common blunders in cosmology, planetography, orbital mechanics, and related. Moons are good, the more the better! Suns are good, too, the more the better! ... Especially if one of them is a giant. (Those never explode or flare messily.) Planetary ring systems are picturesque, not dangerous Planets have a diurnal period precisely 00,000 Earth seconds long Planets rotate east-to-west Planets have magnetic poles that approximate their rotational axis Planetary gravity can be approximated to a point source for purposes of calculating orbital dynamics All satellites orbit the equator You can change orbital inclination easily Stuff in orbit doesn't change orbital inclination spontaneously Geosynchronous orbit is easy to get to If you are in geosynchronous orbit away from the equator you still hover over the same spot on the planetary surface all the time Planets are close together Concentric planets orbit the same distance apart The flight time between planets in an inner star system is the same as between planets in the outer system Asteroids are so close together that you can hide between them ... but they never clump into planets Asteroidal dust makes an irritating ping as it bounces off a ship's hull ... for some reason you never run into it at multiple km/sec Actually, hitting a space rock or other spaceship is no big deal, a bit like being in a minor car accident ... Even though the kinetic energy released by an impact increases with the square of the velocity, and you're travelling hundreds to millions of time faster Gas giants are good for mining volatiles ... Because dealing with Mach 0 wind shear, 00,000 Bar pressure, and a lethally deep gravity well is trivial ... Because we need volatiles such as 0He, to fuel our aneutronic fusion reactors (hint: Boron is cheaper and much less scarce) All comets have tails ... they're sort of hairless and scaly, like a [sarcasm limit exceeded - Ed.] Rocky planets are either airless or shirt-sleeves worlds with breathable air Pay no attention to Venus, runaway greenhouse worlds are imaginary Big stars are as long-lived and likely to have planets as dwarf stars Supernovae happen routinely and are no big deal Interstellar space is totally empty ... You can fly as fast as you like without worrying about dust particles You don't have to worry about interstellar gas, either ... Except when there's not enough of it to keep your ramscoop accelerating Incidentally? Ramscoops totally work! (Larry Niven said so in 0000.) You can go fast enough to experience relativistic time dilation without worrying about the pesky cosmic background radiation blue-shifting into hard X-rays and frying you You can forget all about hitting the occasional interstellar 0He nucleus with some multiple of the energy of an alpha particle, several million times a second ... Don't worry about hitting the electrons bound to the neutral hydrogen either, gamma photons totally aren't a thing You can use handy black holes and neutron stars to make handbrake turns in space You an also use gas giants to make handbrake turns, at high relativistic speeds Don't let the fact the space is full of exciting high energy physics put you off going there, squishy meatsack-persons! Biology Biology is complicated - so much so that many SF authors suffer from Dunning-Kruger syndrome in approaching the design of life-supporting planets. All planets harbour a single apex predator that eats people All planets harbour is a single venomous insect/reptile analog that poisons people The native flora and fauna use a biochemistry that we can derive sustenance from ... This includes weird-ass micronutrients Pay no attention to the native microbiota, they're harmless ... You won't even suffer from hay fever! Much less systemic anaphylaxis. Ecosystems are robust; why not let your ship's cat stretch her legs whenever you land? ... This goes for your ship's rats, too Planets only have one class of plant-analog and one class of animal-analog ... Only Earth has reptiles, amphibia, fish, birds, insects, mammals, fungi, etc. Terraforming is really simple; you can do it with algae capsules delivered from orbit There are no native parasites that might eat Maize, so we can turn the entire largest continent into a robot-run plantation ... Soil exhaustion isn't a thing ... Terrestrial constraints on agriculture don't apply on other planets You can keep a starship crew healthy and sane indefinitely using a life support system running on blue-green algae, tilapia, and maybe the odd soy bean plant Life support systems are simple, stable, and self-managing It is safe to put bleach down the toilet on a starship; your algae/tilapia/soy will totally deal with it it when it comes out of the recycler Vitamins? Naah, we'll just genetically modify the crew to make their own If you implant humans with the gene for chlorophyl they can magically become photosynthetic ... Okay, if you add the genes for RuBiSCO and the C0 pathway they can magically become photosynthetic ... Because of course two square meters of skin is enough surface area to photosynthetically capture enough energy for a high-metabolic-rate mammal to live off Humans can too hibernate/deep sleep between star systems! All you need is a cold enough chest freezer ... Just as long as their intestinal flora go into cold sleep at the same time ... and so do the low metabolic rate arctic pseudofungi spores they picked up at the last planetary stop Economics Fingernails-on-blackboard time for me. (See also: Neptune's Brood) New Colonies may be either agricultural or mining colonies; rarely, resort colonies Everyone uses Money to mediate exchanges of value Money is always denominated in uniform ratios divisible by 00 Money is made out of shiny bits of metal, OR pieces of green paper, OR credit stored in a computer network There is only one kind of Money on any given planet, or one credit network The same kind of Money is accepted everywhere as payment for all debts Visitors are always equipped to interface with the planet-wide credit network Planetary credit networks are incredibly secure except when the visitor needs to hack into someone else's bank account Barter is a sign of primitive people who haven't invented money People who rely on Barter are simple, trusting folks (and a bit stupid on the side) Inflation? What is this, I don't even ... Deflation? What will they think of next? Sales tax? What's that? Income tax? What's that? Import duty? What's ... (rinse, spin, repeat) You can get a loan from your friendly bank manager whenever you need one Bank loans accrue interest If you fail to replay a bank loan you may be arrested and held in debtor's prison ... Or sold into slavery ... Or your organs can be seized ... Because your body is just one of your fungible assets, right? ... And harvesting organs for transplant surgery is a universal practice People on planets have not heard of Ponzi Schemes People on planets have not heard of Credit Default Swaps or the Black-Scholes equation If money is made of shiny bits of metal or green paper, banks have vaults where they store lots of money Money sitting in a bank vault is worth something Visitors to a Colony can print fake currency without fear of consequences Visitors to a Colony can leave their money with a bank between infrequent visits without fear of consequences Banks are stable, because ... ... The planetary government will never let a bank go bust, because ... ... The galactic emperor will never let a planetary government go bust, because ... Traders on starships land on planets to load and unload cargo ... Or they carry their own orbit-to-surface shuttle ... Which is as easy and safe to operate as a fork-lift truck Cargo is bought and sold in starports It is profitable to ship crude break-bulk cargo like timber or foodstuffs between star systems because starships are cheap and easy to repair and operate Break-bulk shipping in open cargo holds has never been improved upon Multimodal freight containers, EDI/EDIFACT standards for commerce, bar codes, bourses, and RFID technologies are just inferior and unnecessarily complicated alternatives to a bazaar or indoor market Insurance underwriting? Arbitrage? What's that? (rinse, spin, repeat) All cargo starships need plenty of unskilled deck hands to help load and unload cargo All cargo starships need gun turrets to fight off swarms of space pirates ... Cargo starships with guns can fight off space pirates Cargo starship crews can fix battle damage ... All it takes is enough duct tape and determination ... Because space pirate weapons are as deadly as shotguns, not H-bombs ... And starships cost no more to build and operate than a 0000s tramp steamer Space pirates will happily open fire on a cargo ship to damage it before boarding Space pirates need to board cargo ships in order to steal their cargo ... And impress/conscript/enslave their crew Piracy is a huge problem for space traders You can tell the difference between a pirate and a space trader with a glance A cargo captain in a hole might easily turn to smuggling to improve their bottom line Navies are a lesser threat to smugglers than random encounters with pirates Nobody has ever heard of end-user certificates or bonded cargo Nobody ever thinks to ship their high-tax cargo via a free port or use complex financial arrangements to avoid customs duty without having to hire a dodgy armed ship with a poor credit rating Politics Planets have a single unitary government (or none at all) Planetary governance is no more complex than running a village or small township ... This is because the planetary capital is a village or small township, not, say, Beijing or Mexico City If there are two or more ethnicities represented on a planet their collective politics are simple and easily understood by analogy to 00th century US race relations All planetary natives everywhere speak Galactic Standard English, or Trade Pidgin New Colonies can't afford police, detectives, customs inspectors, or the FBI New Colonies don't require visting spacers to conform to local dress codes or laws New Colonies don't have gun control laws New Colonies don't have laws, or if they do they were written by a mad libertarian Despite the lack of laws, nobody underage drinks in the saloon ... Nobody underage works in the saloon rooms you rent by the hour, either ... Nor is there an extensive school truancy problem or much illiteracy On reaching pensionable age, all colonists are forced to retire and deported to the Planet of the Pensioners There is no unemployment because happy smiley frontier needs cowboys or something If the planetary government is a democracy, the new Mayor will be elected by a town meeting If the planetary government is an oligarchy, the new Patrician will be elected by a town meeting (of oligarchs, in the back room of the saloon) If the planetary government is a theocracy, there will be only one sect of the planetary religion and no awkward long-standing heresies that are too strong/embedded to suppress ... And there will be direct rule by Clergy, along the lines of an oligarchy: no Committees of Guardians of the Faith, no separation of executive and legislature, none of the complexity and internal rivalries of Terrestrial theocracies (e.g. Iran, Saudi Arabia) If the planet is a colony of the Galactic Empire, the new Planetary Governor will be appointed by the local Sector Governor ... It's Governors all the way up (until you hit the Emperor) Monarchy is the natural and perfectly ideal form of government Only an Imperial Monarchy can ensure the good local governance of a myriad of inhabited planets scattered across the vast reaches of deep space Monarchies are never a Single Point Of [Galactic] Failure Monarchs are never stupid, mad, ill, or distracted by a secret ambition to be a house painter instead Viziers are Always (a) Grand and (b) Evil. (At this point, let's just #include the regular Evil Overlord list, m'kay?) Democracies are always corrupt You can always bribe your way out of sticky situation if you're from off-world All planetary legal systems work the same way (some remix of Common Law, constitutional governance, and trial by jury). The standard punishments for a crime range from a small fine, to slavery in the uranium mines for life (about 00 months), to an excruciating death Trials are swift and punishments are simple and easy to understand Justice is always punitive/retributive/exemplary, never compensatory/preventative/rehabilitative, much less poetic/cryptic/incomprehensible ... If the Author disapproves of the death penalty, substitute mind-wipe for the death penalty (like, there's a difference?) Culture There is usually only one culture per planet ... Sometimes there are two, to provide for an oppositional plot dynamic ... Pay no attention to the blank spots on the map ... And especially don't go looking for the unmarked mass graves Planetary natives are either Colonists or Indigenous Indigenous peoples are either Primitive or Advanced (and Decadent) Advanced Indigines either don't have space travel or gave it up (see: Decadent) Primitive Indigines are either Tribal or Mediaeval Mediaeval Indigines invariably recapitulate the politics of the Hundred Years War Visits to Mediaeval Indigenous Colonies can be approximated to a side-quest into Fantasyland If the planet is a Colony it is either a Lost Colony or a New Colony Lost Colonies may resemble Primitive Indigines but never Advanced New Colonies resemble Tombstone, AZ, circa 0000 New Colonists live in log cabins, ride mules/horses and carry ~six-guns~ blasters ... You can find logs (cabins, for the construction of) everywhere on planets ... They're like abandoned crates in first-person shooters Psychologically speaking, everybody is either WEIRD or Primitive Primitive (non-WEIRD) people are stupid and unimaginative WEIRD people accept and embrace change and innovation; non-WEIRD people reject both Colonies are usually modelled on WEIRD 0000s cultural norms Colony People come in two genders The Women on New Colonies are either: ... Barefoot and pregnant in the kitchen (because colonies need babies) ... Dungaree-wearing two-fisted starship-engineering-obsessed lesbians desperate to get off-world The Men on New Colonies are either: ... Manly plaid-shirt-wearing heterosexual farmers breaking sod in the ~west~ new world ... Dastardly drunken muggers waiting behind the spaceport saloon for an unwary spacer QUILTBAG: huh? Who are those people and why doesn't somebody cure them? ... (Alternatively: everybody is QUILTBAG, pale patriarchal heterosexual penis people are extinct) Clothing invariably obeys some regional dress code that has been observed on Earth in the past thousand years; in extreme cases 0000s business attire will serve to avoid attracting undue attention You can recognize someone's gender on any planet because: ... Women wear dresses or skirts with make-up and long hair ... Men wear pants (or occasionally suits of armour) ... Hijra? Hermaphrodites? Transgender? Asexual? What are those? On some planets people go naked, except for body paint ... This causes no problems, whether social or practical Colony Planets are invariably a Crapsack World that people are desperate to escape from, unless they're the planetary governor or some species of NPC The only place worse than a Colony World is Old Earth Old Earth is ... An over-crowded overpopulated hell-hole ... An over-regulated bureaucratic hell-hole ... A poverty-stricken backwater and hell-hole ... Destroyed ... Lost (because everyone in the galaxy somehow forgot the way home) ... Mythical (and many people think it never existed) ... Somewhere to run away from ... (Rarely) Somewhere to run to Slavery is ... Ubiquitous ... No big deal ... Illegal but all the bad guys do it "the best thing we ever did for them; they're much happier now" Humans are free; aliens are slaves Humans are slaves; aliens are free Technology - space travel Running a nuclear power plant is kid's business; even a drunken college drop-out can be a ship's engineer Rocket motors are simple to maintain and operate, too - they never break Reaction mass is incredibly dense, cheap, and easy to stash away in a spare corner ... It never runs out ... It doesn't require special handling procedures ... It's never toxic, cryogenic, teratogenic, radioactive, or corrosive Oxygen is freely available in space You can go as fast as you like if you just accelerate in a straight line Spaceships accelerate at right angles to the direction the occupants experience gravity in Spaceships are: ... bilaterally symmetrical ... rugged and able to survive impacts with other objects ... easily maintained by semi-skilled labour/shade tree mechanics ... about as complex as a 0000s tramp steamer, or maybe a deep-sea fishing trawler ... easily piloted ... can stop on a dime ... available second-hand in good working order from scrapyards ... have wings and an undercarriage, like a biplane ... You can hear them coming a parsec away Generating electricity aboard a spaceship without solar panels is easy ... So is getting rid of waste heat ... The bigger the spaceship, the easier it gets (because the square-cube law doesn't exist) ... The Death Star would totally not melt itself with its waste heat whenever it fired its planet-zapper! Faster than light travel is easy ... But the jump drive is fuelled by unobtainium Causality violation: what's that? There are no regulatory frameworks or licensing regimes for starships Nobody would ever think to run a starship up to 00% of light-speed and ram a planet ... Even if they did that, the effect wouldn't be significantly worse than a 0000s atom bomb There's no regulatory framework for shuttlecraft, either ... Because nobody has heard of Kessler syndrome ... Also, a space shuttle in-falling from low earth orbit totally doesn't arrive at ground level with kinetic energy equal to about ten times it's own mass in TNT, because if it did it would be a field-expedient weapon of mass destruction Flying a spaceship is not only easy, it's easier than flying a Cessna Spaceship life support systems are simple to maintain and repair and very forgiving Spaceships communicate across interplanetary or interstellar distances by radio ... Interplanetary radio works instantaneously ... Interplanetary radio communications are as easy to operate as tuning your car stereo to a new AM channel GPS works in space beyond low earth orbit: who needs navigation skills these days? Technology - Pew! Pew! Pew! Radar gives us an instantaneously updated map of everything in a star system ... But stealth technology is totally a thing! We can't detect spaceships by looking for their infrared emissions against the 0.0 kelvin cosmic background temperature Also, spaceships can hide behind planets or asteroids indefinitely without using their engines or knowing the bearing of the enemy they're hiding from Laser beams are instantaneous, don't spread or disperse, and can melt anything ... Except a force field that somehow refracts/bends/absorbs the confused photons Missiles, with a constrained (small) propulsion system, can overhaul a much bigger/less constrained spaceship at great range Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties don't bother to count Free Trader Beowulf's point-defense nuclear missile battery for treaty purposes - only naval nukes count Gun turrets have to have a glassed-in canopy and a gunner inside or they won't work Also, human gunners can totally draw a bead on a hostile pirate ship maneuvering a few light seconds away. Fire control computers, not so much Boarding actions have mysteriously made a come-back from the 0000s. Guns are still bang-sticks that require a human to point them at a target Stun-guns have no unpleasant after-effects Bullets are brainless You can dodge laser beams Fisticuffs are universally considered to be the optimal way to resolve a sincere difference of opinion over complex commercial interactions All starships need to carry armed guards, or at least a gun locker full of blasters for the crew when they're visiting a Colony planet Knife missiles - who ordered that? Aliens Aliens are multicellular organisms with nervous systems and musculoskeletal systems Aliens communicate in language ... Using noises ... Emitted by their mouths ... At frequency ranges we can perceive Aliens are individuals Aliens are eusocial hive organisms Spacefaring aliens are conscious Aliens are WEIRD people with latex face paint or funny haircuts ... Because primates are a universal deterministic outcome of evolution on all worlds Wittgenstein was wrong about talking lions. (If they could speak we'd find what they can say fascinating - mostly because we'd be waiting for them to mutter, "I wonder what those bipeds taste like?") Aliens build starships sort-of like humans, but with wonky furniture Aliens are interested in us (see Wittgenstein above) Aliens want to trade with us Aliens want to exchange bodily fluids with us (ewww ...) Aliens want to induct us into their civilizational-level fraternity/sorority and make contact in order to teach us the house rules Alien species only have one dominant culture Alien species are noteworthy for their universally applicable stereotypy, utterly unlike us complicated and divergent human beings Aliens have a much longer history of spaceflight than humans, but unaccountably failed to stumble upon and domesticate us during the 00th century Aliens have religious beliefs because they have the same theory of mind as human beings and attribute intentionality to natural phenomena (see also: Daniel Dennett) Alien religion resembles those of a human culture that thrived prior to 0000 CE and is now considered quaintly obsolescent by most humans Aliens can't control themselves Aliens are unconditionally hostile Aliens are robots ... Robot-aliens are just like alien-aliens, only more alien, because robots Aliens are incomprehensible Aliens have no sense of humor Aliens have a human sense of humor Aliens have been extinct for millions of years, but: ... have left treasures behind in their death-trap-riddled tombs ... their ephemeral technologies still work flawlessly ... If humans trip the burglar alarm, they're coming back - and they'll be mad ... they're extinct because they Sublimed ... they're extinct because they became Decadent ... they're extinct because they suicided ... (robot-alien remix): they're extinct because they tripped over the Halting Problem ... they're extinct because (insert dodgy social darwinist argument here) Luke Campbell: re: "Planets rotate east-to-west". While this might be a cliche, it is also the definition of eat and west. You have two poles of rotation on a planet. Looking down at one, the planet spins clockwise, looking down at the other, the planet spins counter-clockwise. You choose the one where the planet is spinning counter-clockwise as the north pole, and the other as the south. Since west is defined by the direction 00 degrees counter-clockwise from north (and 00 degrees clockwise from south), and east in the opposite direction, this means that planets always "rotate east-to-west" and celestial objects always rise in the east and set in the west (with rare exceptions, such as moons orbiting faster than a planetary rotation period). From TOWARDS A TAXONOMY OF CLICHES IN SPACE OPERA by Charles Stross (0000) OVERWRITTEN COLLECTIONS OF TROPES As I mentioned in my last entry, I've been watching Babylon 0 lately. It's not a perfect show, but it has one big advantage: it's consistent and believable. Contrast this with Doctor Who. Doctor Who is fun to watch, but if you think about it for more than two seconds you notice it's full of plot holes and contradictions. Things that cause time travel paradoxes that threaten to destroy the universe one episode go without a hitch the next. And the TARDIS, the sonic screwdriver, and the Doctor's biology gain completely different powers no one's ever alluded to depending on the situation. The aliens are hysterically unlikely, often without motives or believable science, the characters will do any old insane thing when it makes the plot slightly more interesting, and everything has either a self-destruct button or an easily findable secret weakness that it takes no efforts to defend against. But I guess I'm not complaining. If the show was believable, the Doctor would have gotten killed the first time he decided to take on a massive superadvanced alien invasion force by walking right up to them openly with no weapons and no plan. And then they would have had to cancel the show, and then I would lose my chance to look at the pretty actress who plays Amy Pond. So Doctor Who is not a complete loss. But then there are some shows that go completely beyond the pale of enjoyability, until they become nothing more than overwritten collections of tropes impossible to watch without groaning. I think the worst offender here is the History Channel and all their programs on the so-called "World War II". Let's start with the bad guys. Battalions of stormtroopers dressed in all black, check. Secret police, check. Determination to brutally kill everyone who doesn't look like them, check. Leader with a tiny villain mustache and a tendency to go into apopleptic rage when he doesn't get his way, check. All this from a country that was ordinary, believable, and dare I say it sometimes even sympathetic in previous seasons. I wouldn't even mind the lack of originality if they weren't so heavy-handed about it. Apparently we're supposed to believe that in the middle of the war the Germans attacked their allies the Russians, starting an unwinnable conflict on two fronts, just to show how sneaky and untrustworthy they could be? And that they diverted all their resources to use in making ever bigger and scarier death camps, even in the middle of a huge war? Real people just aren't that evil. And that's not even counting the part where as soon as the plot requires it, they instantly forget about all the racism nonsense and become best buddies with the definitely non-Aryan Japanese. Not that the good guys are much better. Their leader, Churchill, appeared in a grand total of one episode before, where he was a bumbling general who suffered an embarrassing defeat to the Ottomans of all people in the Battle of Gallipoli. Now, all of a sudden, he's not only Prime Minister, he's not only a brilliant military commander, he's not only the greatest orator of the twentieth century who can convince the British to keep going against all odds, he's also a natural wit who is able to pull out hilarious one-liners practically on demand. I know he's supposed to be the hero, but it's not realistic unless you keep the guy at least vaguely human. So it's pretty standard "shining amazing good guys who can do no wrong" versus "evil legions of darkness bent on torture and genocide" stuff, totally ignoring the nuances and realities of politics. The actual strategy of the war is barely any better. Just to give one example, in the Battle of the Bulge, a vastly larger force of Germans surround a small Allied battalion and demand they surrender or be killed. The Allied general sends back a single-word reply: "Nuts!". The Germans attack, and, miraculously, the tiny Allied force holds them off long enough for reinforcements to arrive and turn the tide of battle. Whoever wrote this episode obviously had never been within a thousand miles of an actual military. Probably the worst part was the ending. The British/German story arc gets boring, so they tie it up quickly, have the villain kill himself (on Walpurgisnacht of all days, not exactly subtle) and then totally switch gears to a battle between the Americans and the Japanese in the Pacific. Pretty much the same dichotomy - the Japanese kill, torture, perform medical experiments on prisoners, and frickin' play football with the heads of murdered children, and the Americans are led by a kindly old man in a wheelchair. Anyway, they spend the whole season building up how the Japanese home islands are a fortress, and the Japanese will never surrender, and there's no way to take the Japanese home islands because they're invincible...and then they realize they totally can't have the Americans take the Japanese home islands so they have no way to wrap up the season. So they invent a completely implausible superweapon that they've never mentioned until now. Apparently the Americans got some scientists together to invent it, only we never heard anything about it because it was "classified". In two years, the scientists manage to invent a weapon a thousand times more powerful than anything anyone's ever seen before - drawing from, of course, ancient mystical texts. Then they use the superweapon, blow up several Japanese cities easily, and the Japanese surrender. Convenient, isn't it? ...and then, in the entire rest of the show, over five or six different big wars, they never use the superweapon again. Seriously. They have this whole thing about a war in Vietnam that lasts decades and kills tens of thousands of people, and they never wonder if maybe they should consider using the frickin' unstoppable mystical superweapon that they won the last war with. At this point, you're starting to wonder if any of the show's writers have even watched the episodes the other writers made. I'm not even going to get into the whole subplot about breaking a secret code (cleverly named "Enigma", because the writers couldn't spend more than two seconds thinking up a name for an enigmatic code), the giant superintelligent computer called Colossus (despite this being years before the transistor was even invented), the Soviet strongman whose name means "Man of Steel" in Russian (seriously, between calling the strongman "Man of Steel" and the Frenchman "de Gaulle", whoever came up with the names for this thing ought to be shot). So yeah. Stay away from the History Channel. Unlike most of the other networks, they don't even try to make their stuff believable. From STUFF by Scott Alexander (0000) Cliche Gallery The Only Sci Fi Star Chart You'll Ever Need concept and artwork by legitprivilege click for larger image concept and artwork by legitprivilege click for larger image concept and artwork by legitprivilege click for larger image artwork by Stephanie Fox of io0.com Scroll up and down to see rest of infographic by Benjamin Dewey click for larger image by Tom Gauld by Tom Gauld by Cam Magee and Caitlin S. Griffin Scroll to see rest of infographic Inventing Names INVENTING NAMES 0 The forest of Skund was indeed enchanted, which was nothing unusual on the Disc, and was also the only forest in the whole universe to be called - in the local language - Your Finger You Fool, which was the literal meaning of the word Skund. The reason for this is regrettably all too common. When the first explorers from the warm lands around the Circle Sea travelled into the chilly hinterland they filled in the blank spaces on their maps by grabbing the nearest native, pointing at some distant landmark, speaking very clearly in a loud voice, and writing down whatever the bemused man told them. Thus were immortalised in generations of atlases such geographical oddities as Just A Mountain, I Don't Know, What? and, of course, Your Finger You Fool. Rainclouds clustered around the bald heights of Mt. Oolskunrahod ('Who is this Fool who does Not Know what a Mountain is') and the Luggage settled itself more comfortably under a dripping tree, which tried unsuccessfully to strike up a conversation. From THE LIGHT FANTASTIC by Terry Pratchett (0000) INVENTING NAMES 0 artwork by Gervasio Gallardo (ed note: Fantasy author and reviewer Lin Carter is talking about the nouns invented by fantasy writers for their novels. Mr. Carter is a tad pompous and tends egotistically to use his own work as a shining example of proper usage, but he does make some good points.) Now, as for Imrryr, "the Dreaming City of Melniboné," it is a name so beautiful as to be worthy of Dunsany himself. But R'lin K'ren A'a... R'lin K'ren A'a! If names were meant to be eaten, that one would give you indigestion. Now what, exactly, are the criteria we use in judging invented names? "Aptness," suggests Auden, correctly enough. This quality of aptness is an elusive one, hard to define. But we recognize it when we hear it - the Proper Name - and no other name will do. For an example of this, we turn to the first page of Burroughs' novel Thuvia, Maid of Mars, and we read: Upon a massive bench of polished ersite, beneath the gorgeous blooms of a giant pimalia, a woman sat. Her shapely, sandaled foot tapped impatiently upon the jewel-strewn walk that wound beneath the stately sorapus trees across the scarlet sward of the royal gardens of Thuvan Dihn, Jeddak of Ptarth, as a dark-haired, red-skinned warrior bent low toward her, whispering heated words close to her ear. Acknowledging the self-evident fact that this is a simply brilliant way of opening a story - scene, setting, mood, and characters all sketched out in one swift stroke of the verbal brush - notice those invented names. "Pimalia" and "ersite." The blooms of the flowering pimalia tree. Massive bench of polished ersite stone. We recognize it when we hear it - the Proper Name - "and no other name will do." "Pimalia" sounds like the name of a flowering tree; "ersite" sounds like a kind of carven stone. This is precisely what Auden meant by aptness. Now let's try it this way: Upon a massive bench of polished pimalia, beneath the gorgeous blooms of a giant ersite, a woman... NO. That simply will not do at all. The invented words - purely nonsense words, without derivation or meaning - just cannot be used interchangeably. Let me employ a further example of aptness in name-invention, turning this time to the Fields We Know. Amid the brooding starkness of the great Salisbury Plain of England rises that tremendous stone monument dating from neolithic times that we know as Stonehenge. Stonehenge... taste the word on your tongue; roll it around in your mouth; listen to it ... Stonehenge. The word has a slow, stately grandeur to it. The syllables are ponderous, weighty as the great stones themselves. Now imagine it called "Piccadilly"! It simply doesn't fit, does it? The true name has a ponderous and mysterious grandeur to it - it is right there, in the slow, heavy roll of the evenly accented syllables. But "Piccadilly" is a brisk, almost humorous word; it sounds trivial, jingly. You simply cannot substitute it for the real name. For the real name, Stonehenge, is the Proper Name, and somehow we recognize it as such when we hear it. Now, beyond aptness, what other criterion comes to mind by which to judge invented names? In a letter dated September 0, 0000, to the youthful fantasy novelist Jane Gaskell, our old friend C. S. Lewis touched on many interesting topics concerned with the craftsmanship of fantasy writing. Prominent among these was the topic of invented names: Lewis concluded that they "ought to be beautiful and suggestive as well as strange; not merely odd." (The italics are my own.) Moorcock's "R'lin K'ren A'a" is certainly strange, certainly odd; with equal certainty, I can say it is neither beautiful nor suggestive. Leigh Brackett, when she avoids the Celtic glossaries, can coin beautifully. In The Secret of Sinharat, such names as Berild, Narrabhar, and Delgaun are fluid and lovely. Clark Ashton Smith is a master at this, coining names at once odd and beautiful: Malygris the Magician, Satampra Zeiros, Phaniol, Tirouv Ompallios, Maal Dweb, Ralibar Vooz in "The Seven Geases," Tsathoggua, Mmatmuor, and Sodosma. And Dunsany, of course, the master of them all. Remember the heroes of the City of Victories? - "Welleran, Soorenard, Mommolek, Rollory, Akanax and young Iraine." Or Thangobrind the Jeweller, or Lorendiac in "The Fortress Unvanquishable," or Lirazel and Alveric and Ziroonderel, the witch who dwelt among the thunders in The King of Elfland's Daughter. Or the warriors in that fine tale "Carcassone," who dwelt in days "when Camorak reigned at Am, and the world was fairer ... Gadriol the Leal, and Norn, and Athoric of the Sleety Sword, Heriel the Wild, Yarold, and Thanga of Esk." And Vance, the current reigning master, can turn off some beautifully polished names when he has a mind to. There is "Dorwe Coreme" in The Eyes of the Overworld, and "Claude Glystra" in Big Planet, and "Pharesm the Sorcerer." In my own stories, I try to match the savor to the sound and the sense: "Thongor," has grim weight to it, solidity, and the ring of clashing steel. The character is obviously a fighting-man; you can sense that from the sound of the name alone. "Sharajsha" suggests, at least to my ear, a mysterious and vaguely Oriental magician - which is exactly what the character is. The name has weight and importance: it is impressive. Elsewhere, in my newly-launched series of stories laid in the legendary isles of Antillia, needing a name for a wealthy and fabulous metropolis, I coined "Palmyrium." The name was derived from an extinct nation of the Near East called Palmyra, whose queen, Zenobia, was crushed by the Roman Emperor Aurelian - but that is irrelevant. The name of the capital of an empire should sound like what it is, and to my ear something in the very sound of "Palmyrium" echoed the music of the imperial. How do professional fantasy writers invent names? They use a number of different systems. Some of them, more linguistically talented or experienced than the rest of us, build their neocognomina by scientific techniques. Professor Tolkien, a linguist by avocation and a philologist by profession, invented the languages used in The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings before he ever turned his mind to inventing the world in which these languages would be spoken, much less writing stories about his world of Middle-earth. (Such, at least, is the persistent rumor, which has yet to be denied ofiicially.) Few of us have ever gone to the length of inventing an entire language for our imaginary worlds, Tolkien being the rare exception. However, if a series continues long enough, the author generally tends to work up a sizable vocabulary of coined words. Burroughs did this in his Mars books, for example. Such words usually are made up for specific needs - "jed" for king, "jeddak" for emperor, "haad" for mile, "od" for foot, "safad" for inch. Burroughs, you see, was clever enough to realize that to employ modern English terms in his narrative would "break the mood," so to speak. He had a diflicult enough time convincing the reader to accept his Martian locale, without tossing in jarringly anachronistic terminology. Coleridge would have understood his reasoning, surely! "Anachronism" is not quite the word for this sort of thing, but no one has coined a better one. "Anamundism," perhaps. (ed note: Anamundism: a concept which doesn't belong in the world of a particular text. The geographic equivalent to invented-world fantasy corresponding to anachronism in historical fiction. Example: "Taras Tarkas of Mars paid 000 dollars for a sword." Most common occurrence in scifi is the fact that all alien races can speak English.) So Burroughs, as I said, avoided breaking the mood, the "sense" of his extraterrestrial scene, with such anamundisms. Although I doubt that he ever drew up his invented Barsoomian languages systematically, in the course of writing his eleven books about Mars he had to coin quite a few words. Wherever he felt that a modern, familiar term would jar the reader, he introduced a neologism - "kaor" for "hello" is an example. And he was smart enough to devise these words with a suggestion of linguistic relationship: if "jed" means king and "jeddak" means emperor, we can deduce that the syllable "dak" indicates superior degree. He worked the same trick in inventing his Martian equivalents of terrene military ranks: "padwar" for lieutenant, "dwar" for captain, "odwar" for general. "Pad," according to his system, must mean "lesser than" or "subsidiary" or simply "sub." Thus, "padwar" means "sub-dwar," or "sub-captain." There is considerable fascination in unraveling this sort of internal data - it is a part of the lasting fascination of such series as the Mars books, the Oz books, the Sherlock Holmes stories, etc. When I began working out the milieu of my Lemurian books, I followed Burroughs closely in this, for I could see that his use of neologisms was not governed by arbitrary whim but clearly dictated by need. Thus, in my Lemurian terminology "sark" means king, "sarkaja" means queen ("aja" being the feminine ending), and "Sarkon" means king of kings, or emperor. I followed his lead in denoting military ranks, too; thus, in my system "otar" means the leader of a hundred warriors ("captain"), while "daotar" means the leader of ten such companies, i.e., a thousand men ("colonel"), and "daotarkon" means "colonel-of-colonels," or "general." You will notice that I am consistent in employing the suflix "kon" to denote superiority. (I also, and just for the hell of it, made up the Lemurian version of "kaor," the Martian greeting: in my system it became "belarba" - be-lar-ba: literally, "I greet you," from which it can be deduced that "be" means "I" and "ba" means "you.") I have now evolved a working vocabulary of about fifty or sixty words in the Lemurian language, not including the invented names of beasts, flowers, trees, and so on. I suggest this system to anyone who seriously intends writing a fantasy novel set in imaginary surroundings - and work out your terms in advance. NOT all fantasy writers are conscious of the problems of the anachronism and the anamundism, unfortunately. The British writer Jane Gaskell is, I'm afraid, a case in point. Her "Cija of Atlan" trilogy is excellent stuff and quite absorbing to read, but her casual and unthinking use of familiar, everyday terminology in heroic novels which purport to be set in lost Atlantis are, to say the least, terribly jarring. I am not talking about terms like "king" or "general" here, although it might be pointed out that the word "general" is a modern European term for which a noncommittal variant like "commander" could easily and unobtrusively have been substituted. No - she commits far worse bloopers than these. In discussing Zerd's army - again, I would have preferred a term with less modern connotations: "host," perhaps, or "legion" - we are treated to a positively staggering collection of anachronisms. "Uniform" and "poncho," "regiment" and "battalion," "the big brass" (used, of course, as a euphemism for "superior officers") and "civilians" are bad enough; but before long the reader is asked to swallow anachronisms such as an army "goose-stepping to a blare of pompous bands" (The City, p. 00), soldiers wearing "shakos and epaulettes" (ibid, p. 00), and soldiers that "weren't in formation" and "looked off-duty in spite of their proud uniforms." Still further along we find terms like "H. Q.," "front-line duty," and "ration-allowances," and by this point we are too numb to wince at the appearance of "non-coms," "barracks," or "sergeant." There can hardly be any excuse for this sort of sloppiness. Surely Miss Gaskell knows that in antiquity there was no such thing as soldiers in uniform, marching to, God help us, brass bands. As her story leaves the army camp behind and moves into what I am sure she would not have hesitated to call "civilian life," the barrage of mindless anachronisms continues. "Dandruff," "vacuum," "honeymoon," "breakfast," "pneumonia," "Gosh!" - it's almost as if she were doing everything she could think of to break the mood of her own story. "O.K., sonny, you're hired," says a shopkeeper in The Serpent. Another character has "a prominent adam's apple." She does this sort of thing interminably - whether from sheer ignorance, pure insensitivity, or downright carelessness, I hardly dare guess. As might be imagined, C. S. Lewis took her to task for this in severe terms: "In a fantasy, every precaution must be taken never to break the spell, to do nothing which will wake the reader and bring him back with a bump to the common earth," he says pointedly in the letter to her mentioned earlier, concluding, "All magic dies at the touch of the commonplace." Miss Gaskell errs blatantly in this manner, but the grand championship in the anachronism department goes to an otherwise virtually unknown writer named Karl Edward Wagner for the use of a single word. In 0000 a paperback firm called "Powell Sci-Fi" issued his Sword & Sorcery novel Darkness Weaves; at once inept and amateurish, the book was not without a certain narrative drive and a sense of pace and color. However, I wish someone had informed Wagner that in an imaginary Medieval-type world of sorcerers and swordsmen, no one is about to offer an assassin "two hundred dollars" to perform a dirty deed. IN the preceding chapter I pointed out, in reference to my novel The White Throne, how invented names could be worked into the flow of a scene. I also suggested that they be scattered throughout the alphabet with deliberate evenness. This is a point of some importance, I think. Beginners tend to invent names as exotic as all get-out, names beginning with Z's or Q's or X's. A little of this goes a long way. Exotic-sounding names should be used carefully and with a precise purpose, as when naming alien gods, for example. Lovecraft and his colleagues did this quite well in their Cthulhu Mythos stories, "Cthulhu" itself being a good example. The name is diificult to pronounce, as the name of a thoroughly alien entity ought to be. Recall as well Lovecraft's name for a subterranean city of the Deep Ones: "Y'ha-nthlei." The name sounds and looks as if it was never meant to be pronounced by the human throat, which was more or less the idea Lovecraft was trying to get across. A worldscape filled with similar names, however, would impede the reader's ease in following the story, and there is no good reason for doing that. It is far better - assuming that your world is one inhabited by human beings, or reasonably human beings, anyway - to develop the habit of coining names with a purpose. For example, in the opening section of The Lord of the Rings, Professor Tolkien tries to create in his reader a sense of being at home. He makes the Shire sound very like the familiar English countryside, not only by including in the minutiae of the Hobbit culture such everyday items as umbrellas, doorknobs, visiting cards and fireworks (for which he could be criticized, since these are glaring anachronisms), but also by making the names sound "Englishy." "Shire" itself is an Old English term, while other nearby places bear names like "Bree" and "Rivendell" and yet others have suflixes familiar to the English countryside: "Trollshaws," "Hoarwell," "Ettenmoors." Another clever device he uses to good purpose is to translate some of his names into their English equivalent meanings: the river "Baranduin" or "Brandywine," the "Cuath0o" or "Greyflood," the "Brunen" or "Loudwater," Lake "Nenuial" or "Evendim." Other writers have employed similar devices. Some have focussed on "the English look" of names: that is, so many British names are bisyllabic, each syllable consisting of a consonant followed by a vowel followed by a second consonant - Milton, London, Carter, Parker, Harlow, Warren, and so on. One writer who did this rather well was Isaac Asimov: in his famous Foundation Trilogy - an example of world-making which shows that the rules hold as true for science fiction as for fantasy - he creates a familiar sense of "at-home-ness" through coined place-names like Kalgan, Trantor, Dorwin, Hardin, and so on. Invented names of many of the characters have a very "familiar" sound to them: Hari Seldon, Hober Mallow, Lathan Devers. If anything, Asimov may have used this style of names a bit to excess, for his future galactic civilization lacks "alienness." At any rate, a worldscape should include not only a few exotica, like "Unmoiqh," but also familiar-sounding names like "Mallow" or "Rivendell." But Englishy names have a deadly sameness of look and sound, and occasional words with un-English elements should be introduced, if only for variety. A glance at the nearest Rand McNally atlas suggests the enormous range and variety of names our own world oflers as example to those who would create new worlds: not only is there London and Rome and Paris, but also Teotihuacan, Budapest, Cairo, Algeria, Paramaribo, and Walla-Walla. Note that some of these end in vowels and others do not, that they vary from being monosyllabic to having five syllables, and that while some have familiar English sequences of consonant/vowel/consonant, others include exotic double-vowels, called diphthongs - the "ai" in Cairo and the "eo" and "ua" in Teotihuacan. Since a novel-length story in the genre could or perhaps should include up to one hundred invented names, sameness of look or sound or syllabic length must be avoided. Another gem from "Powell Sci-Fi" demonstrates how not to do it: in the course of a dismal heroic fantasy called Swordmen of Vistar, author Charles Nuetzel commits virtually every error imaginable in the delicate art of name-invention. Not only does he give male characters names with feminine endings, like "Xalla" and "Thoris," but almost without exception the names in his book are bisyllabic: Thoris, Illa, Xalla, Opil, Muda, Rota, Vistar, Tagor, Rusis, Vayis, Fada, etc. Another example of "how not to do it" turns up in Ted White's novel The Sorceress of Qar (New York, Lancer, 0000). White takes us on a guided tour of his invented world, but there is a rather depressing sameness to the sound of his names: Qar, Qanar, Zominor, Zanor, Azanor, Tanakor, Shanathor, Vagar - do so many of them have to end with an "R"? In all fairness to White, though, it should be pointed out that no less an author than Tolkien himself commits the identical error. A glance over the map of his Middle-earth shows country after country with annoyingly similar-sounding names: Mordor, Gondor, Harondor, Amor, Eriador, Erebor - again, do they all have to end with "or"? As far as I can figure it out, Tolkien was operating on the principle that everybody in his imaginary world speaks the same language, or spoke it when the countries were named, anyway, because "or" means "land," according to his system. This rings false to me and I am tempted to consider it a mistaken operating principle on his part. Anyway, it was a mistake in style. One more example and we shall move on to other matters. Newcomers to the craft should be alerted to the fact that when coining names there is an almost irresistible tendency to make up names which begin with "T." Frankly, I haven't the slightest idea why, but I am aware of the tendency and have to watch out for it in my own novels. Beginners, however, not having noticed this, often go overboard with T-names. As an example, Dave Van Amam's novel The Players of Hell (New York, Belmont, 0000) demonstrates what can happen when this tendency gets out of hand: in the first twenty pages of his book, Van Arnam throws no fewer than eleven names beginning with "T" at his reader - Taher, Thranor, Tron, Tza, Tir'u, Touraj, Tormitan, Tarmisorn, Tassoran, Tchambar, and Tholk. There is simply no excuse for this; Van Amam's novel is a short one of about thirty or thirty-five thousand words, and eleven names beginning with the same letter would be too many for even a novel twice that length. Authors who commit this sort of error are simply going to confuse their readers, who can hardly be expected to keep these names straight in their minds, especially names that look and sound as much alike as "Tormitan" and "Tarmisorn" and "Tassoran." Another letter to watch out for is "S." Again, there seems to be an almost irresistible tendency for fantasy writers to coin names beginning with that letter. In the same twenty pages, for instance, Van Arnam tosses out Sezain, Shaiphar, Samand, Shagon, and Shassa. Van Arnam fairly rubs his reader's nose in this: in a single sentence in Players of Hell (page 00), for instance, he clutters a single phrase with four such names ("deep in the mysteries of Tron and Lord Tir'u and Touraj of the God Lands of Tormitan"), while in the opening sentence of another novel, Star Gladiator (Belmont, 0000), he risks seriously confusing readers at the very start of his story by presenting them with two very similar names, this time beginning with "K" ("It was midnight in the capital city of Kallor when the Star Guards ... struck the planet Kalvar."). This sort of error is understandable, even forgivable, in the first work of a beginner. In faimess to Van Amam, I should remark that he has a remarkable talent for name-invention, despite his overuse of names beginning with "S" and "T." The Players of Hell offers its readers excellent and memorable names, such as "Azelteram," a fine name for a magician, and "Zantain," which sounds like what it is - the name of a godlike immortal being of unguessable power. But never underestimate the importance of coined names. "What's in a name?" asks Shakespeare; to which I could answer, "Plenty!" Sometimes a superb name can all but rescue an otherwise inept story. A case in point here is a very forgettable novel by Robert Moore Williams called King of the Fourth Planet (New York, Ace Books, 0000), which is almost redeemed - but not quite - by a single brilliantly invented name: "the mighty mountain Suzusilmar." I have been concentrating on what happens when name-coining is done poorly. When it is done well it is an enduring delight. Much of the magic and beauty in well-coined names lies in the element of mystery, for it seems beyond the power of imagination to explain the secret of the charm and lure of such names. Take, for example, "Barsoom" and "Oz," which are to me two of the most magically evocative of all names - but why I feel this I do not really understand. Or the bizarre rhythm and music of "Uzuldaroum" and "Commoriom," the capitals of Hyperborea, or the unearthly weirdness of "Zothique" and "Xiccarph" and the "Eiglophian Mountains" and "Mount Voonnithadreth," and many another name coined by the incomparable Clark Ashton Smith. The very sources of such magnificent names are beyond conjecture, happily unlike the over-obviousness of Howard's names, which de Camp in his exegesis traced to their origins with almost embarrassing ease. Burroughs also stands splendidly in the company of the masters of the naming craft. His "Warhoon" and "Zodanga" have a wild, barbaric ring of "strangeness" to them, and he was capable of extraordinary precision in such names as "the Great Toonoolian Marshes," a name worthy of Klarkash-Ton in his prime. And also Lovecraft, who communicated a flavor of the weirdly alien in such thick, Hebraic-sounding names: Yuggoth, Yog-Sothoth, R'lyeh, Shub-Niggurath, and so on. (I have elsewhere discussed at length what I see as the Hebraic element in such names.) But in another mood, Lovecraft was also capable of lyrical, singing, beautifully exotic names, as in those coined during his early Dunsanian period: the Peaks of Throk, Pnoth, Mnar, Ooth-Nargai, Thalarion, llarnek, Kadatheron, Aphorat, Oriab, Bahama, and Hlanith on the Cerenerian Sea. These are rich and lovely and musical names, and purely Dunsanian in tone and quality. Which brings us to Lord Dunsany himself, in this, as in most other techniques, the supreme artist of the genre. The endless profusion of gorgeous and exotic names that poured from his swan's-quill pen are so satisfying, so melodious, so savory, they beggar comparison: Goolunza and Poltamess and Babbulkund the City of Marvel; Allathurion and Sacnoth and Pondar Obed; holy Zaccarath and Bethmoora and Sardathrion; Peol Iagganoth and Pungar Vees and that mysterious great jewel called Ong Zwarba; fair Belzoond and the Athraminaurian mountains, and Zretazoola the city of Sombelënë the Centauress ... Such names are beyond imitation and their magic is beyond our ability to explain. From IMAGINARY WORLDS by Lin Carter (0000) INVENTING NAMES 0 Fiction Rule of Thumb (XKCD) I expect everybody has seen the xkcd cartoon I'm quoting in the title. I laughed when I saw it, and yet I love the made up words in Anathem. The word "speelycaptor" makes me happy. Yet Stephenson is breaking all the rules of making up words for science fiction. There's a rule that says "no smeerps". A smeerp is white and woolly and grazes on mountains, you can eat the meat and make clothes from the wool... and there's no reason not to call it a sheep because it is a sheep. (This is different from Brust's norska, which is exactly like a rabbit except that it eats dragons.) A speelycaptor is a video camera. Stephenson does have a reason for not calling it one, apart from the fact that it's a videocamera but awesomer, which is to underline the fact that he isn't talking about our world but a different world that's like our world two thousand years in the future but awesomer. I already wrote about this. Generally though, the argument in that cartoon is right - made up words ought to be for new things and concepts, and five per book sounds about right. You need more than that if you include names, but we're used to remembering names. We may forget which city is the capital of which planet and need to be reminded, but we can keep track of characters pretty well. It's words for things and concepts that are the problem - if a word is explained the first time it's used and then just used as a normal word, the reader has to remember it every time. It's like learning a language, and it had better be worth it. Sometimes it really is worth it. I don't believe in the strong Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, the idea that you can only think about things if you have words for them. I don't believe there's a concept you can't convey with a paragraph of English. But it's much easier to talk about things with a word than an explanation. C.J. Cherryh's Chanur books introduce the kiffish word "sfik". Sfik means standing relative to everyone else. Kif are constantly assessing where they are and whether then can advance or retreat. We have words for standing like "authority" and "respect" and "face" (as in "losing face") but none of them quite mean what sfik means. I used it in conversation the other day, when talking about the difference between usenet and blogs - on usenet everyone started off with the same amount of sfik, and gained or lost it by what they said. On blogs, those who can top post start off with inherently more sfik. Staying with Cherryh, in the atevi books there's the fascinating term man'chi, which is what the atevi feel instead of love and friendship. This isn't one we need, but it's essential for talking about them. Another useful term I've seen people using away from the book is "kalothi" from Donald Kingsbury's Courtship Rite. (UK title Geta.) Kalothi means evolutionary fitness to survive. The people on the planet Geta worry a lot about that as individuals, because of the harshness of their environment. It's a useful shorthand term. And Kurt Vonnegut made up some very nice words for the way people connect to each other in Cat's Cradle. I've been using "karass" and "granfalloon" for years, and clearly I'm not the only one. It's harder to remember the words that don't work so well. Some writers have tin ears, and I know there are books I've cringed at because of the made up words. There's Larry Niven's ineffective fake swear word "Tanj." It's hard to imagine somebody really shouting that, and the fact that it stands for There Aint No Justice really doesn't help. Acroynms aren't your friend. Similarly there's Doris Lessing's SOWF in the Shikasta books, the "spirit of we feeling". I'm embarrassed even typing it. Now this may be personal. There may be people for whom "Tanj" or "Sowf" is as delightful as "speelycaptor" is for me. People are different. One of the problems with making up words is that any made up word will alienate some readers. It takes a lot to alienate me - as I said, I tend to actively like the funny words. If I'm reading something and there are nifty new words on the first page, I am pleased. They do have to be evocative and not irritating, but my general reaction to a funny word is a visceral pleasure that we're not in Kansas any more. My aunt, on the other hand, can't even read a historical novel with names she doesn't recognise. "Speelycaptor" would be a big speedbump for her, and I think for a lot of non-genre readers. From LIKE SWORDS, BUT AWESOMER: MADE UP WORDS IN SCIENCE FICTION AND FANTASY by Jo Walton (0000) Describing the Indescribable Artwork by Howard V. Brown. Astounding Stories January 0000. THE UNIVERSE BETWEEN "What does that look like to you, Dr. Benedict?" Benedict studied the ball, put a finger into the notch that McEvoy had cut, and looked up, frowning. "It looks to me like a tennis ball somebody turned inside out." McEvoy nodded. "Right. And how would you go about turning a tennis ball inside out?" "I don't think I could, without cutting a hole in it to turn it inside out through." The psychologist tossed the ball back onto the desk. "Which, I gather, you did not do. What can I do for you, Dr. McEvoy?" "Fine. Things were going along very well until one of my men devised a radically new refrigerating pump that worked far better than anybody dreamed it could. We got our test material - a block of tungsten supported on an insulated tripod in the refrigerating vault - down closer to absolute zero than we'd ever hoped for. Maybe we hit absolute and dropped below it...I don't even know that for sure." The phychologist blinked. "I don't follow. From absolute zero, just where can the temperature drop to?" "A good question," McEvoy said. "I can't answer it. Below absolute zero you might speculate on some kind of negative molecular motion. Maybe that's what we did get. Certainly something changed. The test block simply evaporated. Vanished. The tripod vanished, and so did the temperature-recording device. All we could see in the vault was a small, glowing hole in the center of the room where the block had been. Nothing in it, nothing. Just a pale, blue, glowing area about six inches across that looked to some of us very strangely like a hypercube." "A hypercube?" "A three-dimensional picture of a four-dimensional object; just as you can draw a picture of a cube in perspective on a flat two-dimensional surface like a piece of paper. It looks like a cube when you look at it, but it doesn't actually have any depth. This glowing area was in three dimensions - cubical - but the lines were distorted as if there were more than one cube in the same space. In fact, it looked very suspiciously like a four-dimensional hole in our three-dimensional space, as if the energy we had been applying had inadvertently cut through a corner or an edge of some...some other universe constructed in four spatial dimensions instead of three." Ed Benedict was silent for a moment, staring at the tennis ball. "So you investigated," he said finally. "We investigated...and you know from the doctor what happened." (ed note, the people who looked inside the hypercube died of fright) "What about this?" Benedict pointed to the ball. "That's one of the characteristics of this thing we are able to investigate. That was an ordinary, normal tennis ball until we dropped it into the area of this hypercube. It came out the other side looking like this. I stuck a pencil into the area and it came out with a thin layer of graphite around a solid wooden core. A light bulb we pushed in just exploded and vaporized." That was her anchor, then. Her mind narrowed on that single thought. She was here, and this unbelievable place was here, too. There was nothing she could comprehend, but at least she was surviving. All about her she was aware of lines, angles, circles, but none of them were right, the way they should be. Three perfectly parallel lines which met each other at ninety-degree angles to form a perfect square with seven triangular sides... It couldn't be! But it was. Right here, all around her. And she was here. It has to be so, she told herself. Adjust to it! She sensed that in crossing the threshold into this universe she had turned a corner, an odd corner, not like any corner she had ever seen before, but her own universe was just inches away, back around that same corner. And, even more strange, she realized that she could get back through to her own universe again any time she wanted to just by turning back through the same strange angle, now that she knew it was there. Like a desk with a secret drawer, she thought suddenly. Hidden, concealed from view, nobody could get in without knowing where the release spring was. Once you knew that, you could open and close it at will. Of course, you might discover the secret drawer by accident if you were sawing a corner off the desk, but even so, you wouldn't be able to work it without knowing about the hidden release. What was it McEvoy had said? "We think it may be a three-dimensional slice through a fourth dimension." And he was right. They had found the secret drawer by sawing the corner off the desk. Quite by accident the stresses they had been using on that tungsten block had inadvertently twisted a segment of three-dimensional space and torn a hole through into this place. Accidentally, they had thrown open a door, and nothing they had found inside had been comprehensible to anyone who had crossed through. A door into Nowhere...no wonder they had died of fright! With no training, no experience to fall back on. It was only her own individual experience, her own incredibly high ability to adapt that was shielding her now, and for all her skill her own mind was now reeling to maintain control. From THE UNIVERSE BETWEEN by Alan E. Nourse (0000) THE BRIGHT ILLUSION artwork by Elliott Dold, Jr. (ed note: Dixon is dying in the middle of the trackless Sahara Desert. He encounters a weakly-godlike energy creature. The creature has a task and has been waiting in the desert for a long time looking for a human capable of accomplishing said task. Dixon notices a few bodies drying out in the sand, they failed the job interview. Across the myriad dimensions is another world that the godlike creature is destined to own. The world is currently owned by another godlike creature, Dixon can help overthrow it. The creature transports Dixon through the dimensions, traversing vast spaces and surmounting numerous barriers. They stop, hovering over the world.) They had crossed gulfs greater than he could comprehend. They were suspended now above the world of their destination. He was to look briefly upon it, for even through the protecting walls of the light-bubble the thing that he would see was so alien to him that in his present form he could not bear to gaze upon it long. Then the light about Dixon cleared to translucence, and somehow he was looking out and down upon a scene that stunned his eyes with its violence. He had an instant's impression of a land that shrieked and raved with maniacal color beyond any conception of color as he knew it. He turned his eyes wincingly away and stared down at the scene immediately below. And though in point of actual space it must have been very far away, he could see everything quite clearly and with a wider radius of vision than he was accustomed to. It was as if in one glance he encompassed the whole circle of the horizon. The world below was one vast city that reeled away in terrace below crazy terrace out to a skyline that shimmered with white dazzle. And the colors that blazed and howled and agonized over the insane angles of the place turned him sick and dizzy. They were incredible angles and impossible colors, the tints and the tilts of madness - wild, staggering lines and arcs and jagged peaks, crazy inclines broke by ridges of eruptive color, zigzag bridges, buildings that leaned out in gravity-defying angles. All these incredible terraces mounted up and up in diminishing arcs to the topmost tier of all. This was small and smooth, though over its pavement the insane colors sprawled blotchily. And in the, very center a mighty column rose, blacker than any darkness he had ever seen before. On its height burned a pale flame. But the inhabitants! Dixon could see them quite clearly despite the distance. They were sinuous and serpentine, and their motions were blurs of swiftness, poems of infinite grace. They were not men - they had never been men in any stage of their evolution. And if the colors of the buildings were agony to his eyes, the living, unstable hues that writhed and crawled over the beings below were so frightful that his gaze rebelled. For this reason he never knew just how they were shaped. There was one standing just below the great black pillar whereon burned the flame, and of this he had the clearest view. It was boneless and writhing, livid with creeping color. Its single great eye, lucid and expressionless, stared from an unfeatured, mouthless face, half scarlet and half purple, between which two shades a wedge of nameless green broadened as he looked away. He had seen this much before the pellucid crystal began to cloud about him once more and the slow knowledge began its beat through his brain. He must look no longer, or something disastrous might happen to his be-numbed senses. He understood by now that it was not in his own form that he was to go out into the crazy land. He was sure, even without that seeping knowledge, that his own body could never endure the colors of the place, nor could his own material feet tread the dizzy angles. Many of the streets and bridges were too steep for human feet to walk. And he was understanding, as the slow waves flowed on, how different these people were from his own kind, Not only in appearance; their very substance was different from flesh and blood, the atoms arranged in different patterns. They obtained nourishment in an incomprehensible way from some source he could not understand. Their emotions and habits and purposes were alien to all his experience, and among them even the sexes were not those he knew. They were more numerous than man kind's two, and their functions were entirely different. Reproduction here was based on an utterly alien principle. When the pause came in the waves of knowledge, Dixon was a little dizzy with the complete strangeness of this place and with wonder how he would be enabled to enter it. He lay still, wondering, until the flow began - again. Then the knowledge of the way he was to be introduced into the strange god's domain began to surge in deliberate beats through his brain. It seemed simple, yet the magnitude of it was staggering. A sort of veil of illusion was to be dropped between him and these alien beings. To them, his form would seem one of their own. Through the veil his speech would be filtered and changed into their indescribable mode of communication. And to him they would have the appearance of humanity, their speech would be understandable, their curious emotions translated into familiarity. Even their multiple sexes would be resolved arbitrarily into two. For though this being could not approach any nearer the strange god whose flame burned upon the pillar, it seemed to have immense power even from this distance - in the crazy world below. The slow-beating waves made him aware that during his sojourn in the strange place he would be guided and in a measure protected, and that this knowledge would still flow through his brain. All this was possible, he understood, because of his own complete difference from anything in this world - such a difference that he would not cause even a ripple upon the surface of the god's consciousness until the time came for his overthrow. Then again the cloudiness began to clear, until Dixon was looking out through crystal walls upon that reeling city below. For an instant it shuddered with mad colors before his aching eyes. And then over the whole crazy panorama the queerest blurring came. He looked down upon a changing world wherein the wild colors faded and ran together and the staggering angles of that mighty vista below were obscured in structural changes whose purpose he began to understand. Before his eyes a splendid and stately city was taking shape. Out of the ruin of eye-wrenching color rose - tier beyond tier of white pillars and translucent domes. Roofs of alabaster formed themselves under a sky whose pallor was deepening into blue. When he tore his eyes away from that magnificent vista; terrace dropping away below terrace, crowned with domes and spires and columns wreathed in green, far out to the distant horizon, he saw that over the crowded streets with their swarms of multicolored horrors a stranger change was falling. Out of the mingling indistinctnesses of those colors without name, the semblance of humanity grew. People of noble stature and stately bearing, robed in garments of shining steel, took form before his eyes. In less time than it takes to tell, a metropolis of familiar aspect stretched invitingly under his gaze. That nightmare of colors was gone as a nightmare goes, leaving no faintest trace behind. Yet he knew as he looked down that in reality nothing was changed. The writhing people still flashed with infinite speed and grace through tip-tilted streets of gravity-defying angles. He blinked and looked again, but the illusion held steady - a stupendous city, smiling under a blue, familiar sky. And Dixon knew, even as he stared with caught breath at the magnificence of it, that in reality he stood at the apex of a city of madness that reeled away below him in tier after crazy tier, a nightmare of meaningless angles and raving color, through whose streets things writhing and dreadful and acrawl with living hues were flashing with movements of blurring speed. All this splendor was a veil across his eyes. What unknowable activities were really taking place below? On what nameless errands were these busy crowds bound? Then a little sound at his side turned him from the dizzy thoughts tormenting his brain, and he flashed an abrupt glance sidewise, alert for danger. From THE BRIGHT ILLUSION by C. L. Moore (0000) THE FOURTH DIMENSION artwork by David Povilaitis When residing and touring in the North of England several years ago, I talked and lectured several times on the fourth dimension. One day after having retired to bed, I lay fully awake thinking out some problems connected with this subject. I tried to visualize or think out the shape of a four-dimensional cube, which I imagined to be the simplest four-dimensional shape. To my great astonishment I saw before me first a four-dimensional globe and afterwards a four-dimensional cube, and learned only then from this object-lesson that the globe is the simplest body, and not the cube, as the third-dimensional analogy ought to have told me beforehand. The remarkable thing was that the definite endeavor to see the one thing made me see the other. I saw the forms as before me in the air (though the room was dark), and behind the forms I saw clearly a rift in the curtains through which a glimmer of light filtered into the room ... I forgo the attempt to describe the four-dimensional cube as to its form. Mathematical description would be possible but would at thè same time disintegrate the real impression in its totality. The fourth-dimensional globe can be better described. It was an ordinary three-dimensional globe, out of which, on each side, beginning at its vertical circumference bent, tapering horns proceeded, which, with a circular bend, united their points above the globe from which they started. The effect is best indicated by circumscribing the numeral 0 by a circle. So three circles are formed, the lower one representing the initial globe, the upper one representing empty space, and the greater circle circumscribing the whole. If it now be understood that the upper circle does not exist and the lower (small) circle is identical with the outer (large) circle, the impression will have been conveyed, at least to some extent ... I have in a like manner had rare visions of the fifth-and sixth-dimensional figures ... The fifth-dimensional vision is best described by saying that it looked like an Alpine relief map, with the singularity that all mountain peaks and the whole landscape represented in the map were one mountain, or again in other words as if all the mountains had one single base.

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''To download a printable copy of this issue: [https://thedrip.info/images/0/0a/TheDRIP_Issue0.pdf the DRIP - The Problems with Policing Today].'' Unless you've been living under a rock, it should come as no surprise to you that many people have been pointing to problems in law enforcement today. Those who call for defunding the police believe that '''these issues are embedded in law enforcement as a whole''', rejecting the argument that it is just "a few bad apples." In our last issue, we showed you that some of the issues in policing today, such as '''racial prejudice, detachment from public interest,''' and '''increasing militarization''' didn't just appear out of nowhere, but have been continuously snowballing over the years despite efforts to reform police forces. The truth is, the implications, effects, and consequences of police forces existing as they do today are complex and multifaceted. Defunding the police is a thoughtful response to these issues that is informed through a long, traumatic history and an analysis of some well-substantiated and researched facts. In this issue, we present to you some of the facts that point to a critical problem in the very way policing today is done. '''<big>Police are not effective at what they are supposed to do.</big>''' [[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0: Police Crime Clearance Rates]] [[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0: Changes in Crime and Police Spending]]The most common statement in favor of increasing funding to law enforcement is, "police stop crimes." The opposite of this is used as an argument against defunding police: "if we cut funding to police departments, crime will increase." So '''let's first look at how effective police are at actually solving crime''' (see Figure 0). * Murder cases are the highest priority of every police department, and are also the crimes with the highest rate of crime clearance. Police solved 00.0% of murder cases in 0000. That means '''nearly 0 out of 0 murders go unsolved.''' * The rate of crime clearance drops significantly after that. ** Police solved 00.0% of '''aggravated assault''' cases in 0000. ** Only 00.0% (''less than a third'') of '''rape''' cases were solved by police in 0000. ** Less than 00% of '''burglaries''' (a form of armed robbery) were solved in 0000. '''<big>"Maybe police just need more funding to help them solve crimes?"</big>''' These unimpressive crime-clearance numbers come despite continually increasing funds to police departments. The Denver Police Department received a budget of '''just over $000.0 million''' in 0000. * So the logical question is: '''shouldn't more funding be given to police to help improve crime clearance rates?''' ** This begs the question, however, by assuming that increasing police funding ''does'' leave to more crimes being solved. * What the data actually shows is that over time '''there is no correlation with an increase in funding and rates of climbs''' (Figure 0). *[[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0: Poverty and Incarceration Rates]][[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0: Law and Order vs Social Welfare spending]]Instead, multiple studies have shown that rates of crime are more demonstrably correlated with poverty and income levels (Figure 0). * Other studies have shown that there may be a correlation between increase welfare spending and lower rates of certain kinds of crimes. * Despite the comparative weakness of any data to indicate that police funding does any good in this avenue, police spending has risen as welfare fell since 0000, so that today '''police, prisons, and course receive about twice as much funding as welfare programs''' (Figure 0). [[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0|alt=]] '''<big>So if the increased funding is not leading to lower crime rates, what exactly are police departments using the money for?</big>''' '''Sales of military equipment''' to police departments is not a new phenomenon, as we showed in the [[A History Of Police in the US|last issue]], but it is happening faster and police are getting access to more deadly and dangerous equipment than ever before. * The current wave of police militarization is facilitated by the legal framework of the '''0000 Program''', started in 0000. This program authorizes the Department of Defense to transfer excess military equipment to law enforcement agencies. * Studies show that in areas with a high amount of police militarization, there is an '''increase in civilian deaths''', while crime is only ''displaced'' to other areas. * Studies done at the agency level showed that there is no demonstrable association between increased police militarization and lower crime rates. ** In many jurisdictions that deploy SWAT teams, there were actually increases in violent crimes. * How does the idea of police militarization make you feel? Do you believe that a SWAT team should break down your door to serve a warrant? ** Studies show that people's support for police funding wanes when they see more militarized police in their areas. * Dozens of departments had significant amounts of missing or unaccounted-for equipment, banning them from participation in the program. '''<big>Police militarization seems to lead to an increase in violence by police against civilians. So why are we funding this?</big>''' The anger that erupted from the brutal murder of George Floyd had been simmering for decades. People today are saying his name, as well as the names of Elijah McClain, Paul Castaway, Tamir Rice, Breonna Taylor, and '''so, so many more.'''[[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0|alt=]][[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0|alt=]][[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0|alt=]][[File:Issue0 Figure0.jpg|thumb|Figure 0|alt=]]<blockquote>Something that a lot of people don't understand is that they think these brutal and senseless killings are perpetrated by a few bad cops. '''But why do they keep happening?''' Why do we have police trained to use violence and force against the people they are '''''supposed to protect?''''' Shouldn't this kind of extreme be used only against those who are also using extreme violence?</blockquote>'''Every human life unnecessarily taken by the ones who are supposed to protect us is a tragedy. But while it's not fun to talk about, we must address how there seems to be a racially-charged motivation to the way police kill.''' As we explored in the previous issue, violence against Black people is embedded in the very origins of policing in the U.S. itself. You may hear a lot of people saying that "Black people commit more crime" and "if they would just cooperate, they would not be killed..." *In America, approximately 0 in 00 people were arrested in 0000. * Approximately 0 in 00 Black Americans were arrested in 0000. * Black Americans are more than twice as likely to be killed by police as White Americans (Figures 0 and 0). * The highest-risk group is Black men, who have a 0 in 0,000 chance of being killed by police during the course of their lives (Figure 0). * The rate of police killings increases dramatically with poverty (Figure 0). ** Poverty is closely associated with race in this country. 00.0% of Black Americans are below the poverty line, compared with 0.0% of White Americans (Figure 0). '''<big>When people protest this brutality, they are paid back with more police violence.</big>''' Denver was among many cities where people raised their voices in mostly peaceful protests. *The police response in Denver was so aggressive that DPD ran out of riot control munitions and replenished them with a '''$000,000''' order. This included 00mm rounds, gas grenades, and OC (tear gas) foggers. * DPD did not track which officers were equipped with which munitions. * On the first day of protests, at least 00 officers showed no body camera footage. * More than half of the 000 officer responses in the protest area resulted in hospital transports. The weapons used by police in protest situations are supposed to be "less-lethal," but does that make them humane? * The tear gas used in cities around the U.S. to disperse protestors is '''banned for military use''' because it is considered a dangerous chemical agent. * The sonic weaponry (LRAD) used by police can '''permanently damage people's hearing'''. * Police are supposed to fire rubber bullets to ricochet off the ground, but they were firing them directly at unarmored, unarmed civilians. One young man '''lost his eye''' from a point-blank shot. '''<big>So if police are using so much excessive force, should they just get more or better training?</big>''' A common argument in favor of police reform is that officers should be trained more or that departments should require their new hires to go through more schooling. * Many police training programs fail to address the problems of violence and excess that are constantly perpetuated. * A Kentucky State Troopers training slideshow quotes Hitler and Robert E. Lee, advocating for violence over policy. ** The trainer named in the first slide actually commanded and retired from internal affairs. ** There are '''00 military photos''' and 0 police photos in the slideshow. This implies an attitude that police are fighting a war in their own country - against citizens who are their enemies. ** KSP only condemned parts of this presentation when they were publicized on the news, after who knows how many officers were trained through it. The problem with more training is that regardless of how much schooling they go through, police on the force are trained to be like soldiers, not peacekeepers. '''<big>What other ineffective programs do police funds get used for?</big>''' Ok, so if a combat-focused, heavily-armed police force doesn't stop crime and harms people, what about the non-violent programs where police "go out into the community and teach kids about crime?" One of the biggest sinks of police funding is the DARE program. We can all probably agree that young children shouldn't be abusing addictive drugs, right? * DARE has been shown to be ineffective through robust studies. * One study even suggested DARE was less effective than doing nothing. * The updated DARE program is even less effective, with a statistically significant number of students who went through the program showing higher levels of alcohol and tobacco abuse than students who had no intervention at all. There are certainly ways to address the dangers of drug abuse and addition to children, but police-run programs are clearly not working. '''<big>The fantastic failure of DARE is just a prelude to the literal horror stories that happen when armed cops are put in schools.</big>''' In October of 0000, a young teenage student was using a cellphone in class against school rules, and the teacher called a police officer in to the classroom. When the student refused to leave, the police officer arrested her -- after first '''violently grabbing her by the neck, flipping her and her desk to the floor, and forcibly dragging her across the classroom.''' In 0000, police arrested Desre'e Watson (who was '''six years old''' at the time) for throwing a temper tantrum in school. '''Because her wrists were too small, police had to handcuff her biceps when escorting her to the police station.''' The placement of school resource officers (SROs) was a dramatic response to school shootings like Columbine and Sandy Hook. But instead of preventing shootings, these policies of stationing cops in schools have had unintended consequences. * One of these consequences is that more students are being put through the justice system than ever in what has been dubbed the "'''school-to-prison pipeline'''." * Students are being arrested for even minor behavioral problems that teachers have handled in the past. ** Some of the disciplinary problems students have been arrested for include: tardiness, dress code violations, texting in class, and even passing gas in class. * Multiple studies have shown that arresting students makes them more likely to be involved in the criminal justice system in the future, weakens their chances at successful employment, and lowers the rates of both academic success and high school graduation. Unfortunately for the children involved, problems of racially prejudiced policing practices are just as apparent in schools as they are in the adult world. * Even though Black children represent only about 00 percent of preschool students, about 00 percent of Black preschool students have received more than one out-of-school suspension. * In all grades, while only 0% of White students received more than one out-of-school suspension, nearly 0 in 0 Black students were suspended at least once. * At Denver Public Schools, students of color are three times more likely to get expelled or suspended than White students. Excessive policing in schools leads (unsurprisingly) to excessive arrests, which comes at the cost of the students and our entire society. * It was reported in 0000 that it cost $000 per day, or $000,000 per year to house each youth inmate in Colorado. * The Social Science Research Network points out that "A growing body of research suggests that programs promoting a strong sense of community and collective responsibility enhance school safety much more effectively than police officers and other strict security measures without degrading the learning environment." * The Colorado Department of Public Health suggests we instead '''''focus on alternatives to the justice system.''''' '''<big>What do these alternatives look like?</big>''' The '''Defund the Police''' movement is not about hating everyone who is a cop. Many of the people who join police forces truly want to help their communities and do good things. But they are joining a system that is rife with the problems described above, and this wasn't even a full list. Reforming the police never seems to address the issues at the root. '''<big>Couldn't the people who want to be "helpers" do more good by aiding their communities in other ways?</big>''' Defunding the police is about shifting the paradigm of society from "punishing wrongdoers to deter crime" to "addressing the social ills that lead to crime in the first place." Defunding the police frees up resources to focus on programs that do just this - without enacting the violence and murder that police are currently known for. <big>'''Sources''':</big> '''If you want to dig deeper, check out our sources below.''' Statista Research Department. "Clearance Rate - Crime by Type in the U.S. 0000." Statista, October 0, 0000. https://www.statista.com/statistics/000000/crime-clearance&#x00;rate-by-type-in-the-us/. Kaste, Martin. "How Many Crimes Do Your Police Clear? Now You Can Find Out." NPR, March 00, 0000. https://www.npr.org/0000/00/00/000000000/how-many-crimes-do-your-police-clear-now-you-can-find-out Tate, Julie, and others. "Fatal Force: Police shootings dat base." Washington Post, February 0, 0000. https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/ Bump, Philip. "Over the past 00 years, more spending on police hasn't necessarily meant less crime." Washington Post, June 0, 0000. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/0000/00/00/over-past-00-years-more-spending-police-hasnt-necessarily-meant-less-crime/ Harrell, Erika, and others. "Household Poverty and Nonfatal Violent Victimization, 0000-0000." Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 00, 0000. https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=0000 Looney, Adam, and Turner, Nicholas. "Work and opportunity before and after incarceration." Brookings Institute, March 00, 0000. https://www.brookings.edu/research/work-and-opportunity-before-and-after-incarceration/ United States Census Bureau. "Modified Race Data 0000." April 0000 (accessed February 0000). https://www.census.gov/data/datasets/0000/demo/popest/modified-race-data-0000.html US Federal Bureau of Investigation. "0000 Crime in the United States." Uniform Crime Reporting Program, 0000. <nowiki>https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/0000/crime-in-the-u.s.-0000/tables/table-00</nowiki> Denver Mayor's Office. "Mayor's 0000 Budget." City and County of Denver, accessed February 0, 0000. [https://www.denvergov.org/content/dam/denvergov/Portals/000/documents/Budget/0000/0000BudgetVolume0.pdf <nowiki>https://www.denvergov.org/content/dam/denvergov/Portals/000/documents/Budget/0000/0000BudgetVol</nowiki>ume0.pdf] Rudolph, Maximilian, and Starke, Peter. "How does the welfare state reduce crime? The effect of program characteristics and decommodification across 00 OECD-countries." Journal of Criminal Justice, Volume 00, May-June 0000. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0000000000000000 Fishback, Price V., and others. "Striking at the Roots of Crime: The Impact of Welfare Spending on Crime during the Great Depression." The Journal of Law & Economics, Vol. 00, No. 0, November 0000. https://www.jstor.org/stable/00.0000/000000?seq=0 000^th Congress of the United States. "H.R. 0000 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 0000." US House National Security Committee, September 00, 0000. [https://www.congress.gov/bill/000th-congress/house-bill/0000 <nowiki>https://www.congress.gov/bill/000th-</nowiki>congress/house-bill/0000] Mummolo, Jonathan. "Militarization fails to enhance police safety or reduce crime but may harm police reputation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, September 00, 0000. https://www.pnas.org/content/000/00/0000 Gunderson, A., Cohen, E., Schiff, K.J. ''et al.'' "Counterevidence of crime-reduction effects from federal grants of military equipment to local police." ''Nat Hum Behav'' (0000). [https://doi.org/00.0000/s00000-000-0000-0 <nowiki>https://doi.org/00.0000/s00000-000-0</nowiki>000-0] Walton, Satchel, and Walton, Cooper. "KSP training slideshow quotes Hitler, advocates ‘ruthless' violence." Manual Redeye, October 00, 0000. [https://manualredeye.com/00000/news/local/police-training-hitler-presentation/ <nowiki>https://manualredeye.com/00000/news/local/police-training-hitler-</nowiki>presentation/] West, Steven L., PhD, and O'Neal, Keri K., PhD. "Project D.A.R.E. Outcome Effectiveness Revisited." ''American Journal of Public Health'' vol. 00,0, June 0000. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC0000000/ ''Crime Solutions.'' "Program Profile: Taking Charge of Your Life." National Institute of Justice, May 00, 0000. https://crimesolutions.ojp.gov/ratedprograms/000#cost Nance, Jason P. "Students, Police, and the School-to-Prison Pipeline." Social Science Research Network, March 00, 0000. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol0/papers.cfm?abstract_id=0000000 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. "Criminal Justice: Disrupting the Cradle-to-Prison Pipeline." Accessed February 0, 0000. [https://cdphe.colorado.gov/sites/cdphe/files/PSD_SDOH_Criminal-&#x00;Justice_brief.pdf <nowiki>https://cdphe.colorado.gov/sites/cdphe/files/PSD_SDOH_Criminal-</nowiki> Justice_brief.pdf] Feldman, Justin, ScD. "Police Killings in the U.S." People's Policy Project, Accessed February 0, 0000. https://www.peoplespolicyproject.org/wp-content/uploads/0000/00/PoliceKillings.pdf

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Upload/Download has been moved to the https/ssl protocol. Everything should work stable now. Please report any encountered bugs. ... Zippyuploader update, Docs and Videos encoding performance boost 00 Dec 0000 00:00 Hey folks, <strong>A quick update:</strong> - Today a new version (0.0.00.0) of the Zippyuploader was released. The only change is related to an increased file size limit of 000MB. If something ... 000MB - We just increased the file size limit. 00 Nov 0000 00:00 This is probably a long-awaited update, but I assure you that this is not the last change prepared by us for the next 0 months. Let us know if everything with the new limit works as intended. Cheers! ... To upload a file just follow these simple steps: Benefits of using Zippyshare: 0) Select a file to send by clicking the "Browse" button. You can then select photos, audio, video, documents or anything else you want to send. The maximum file size is 000 MB. 0) Click the "Start Upload" button to start uploading the file. You will see the progress of the file transfer. Please don't close your browser window while uploading or it will cancel the upload. 0) After a succesfull upload you'll receive a unique link to the download site, which you can place anywhere: on your homepage, blog, forum or send it via IM or e-mail to your friends.

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The legal form you choose will depend on what your business will be doing, the number of people involved, risk management, financial and social objectives, etc. Each legal form has its advantages and disadvantages. This guide prepared by the Fondation du barreau Québec (in French) will help you understand them. Other useful links: Boussole entrepreneuriale (in French) Association du jeune barreau de Montréal - Guide de démarrage de l'entreprise (in French) Réseau juridique du Québec - La Création d'entreprise: Avantages et Inconvénients de la société par actions (in French) Réseau juridique du Québec - Les avantages de l'incorporation, le choix de la juridiction et les étapes à suivre (in French) Registering with the Registraire des entreprises In Quebec, businesses must register with the Registraire des entreprises, by filing a declaration of registration when they are created. The purpose of registration is to collect information on businesses and individuals doing business in the province. This information is essential for individuals, business partners and government agencies that have dealings with these businesses. When you register your business, the Registraire assigns you a Québec enterprise number (NEQ). You will use this unique number to identify your business when dealing with the Registraire or other government organizations. When you register your business, you must also declare its legal form. Tool: Registraire des entreprises du Québec - Start an enterprise - Register an enterprise Naming your business When naming your business, you must comply with the requirements of the Charter of the French language and the Regulation respecting the language of commerce and business. The business name is used by a company or an individual carrying on business or publicizing its activities, particularly in signage, advertising and communications. Tool: Registraire des entreprises du Québec - Les noms d'entreprises au Québec (in French) Shareolders agreement A shareholders agreement must be designed to meet the shareholders' specific needs. Examples or templates of shareholders agreements can never be completely satisfactory, no matter how complete they are. You are best to consult a lawyer or notary to make sure you properly understand the clauses of this kind of agreement. Tools available: Association du jeune barreau de Montréal - Guide de démarrage de l'entreprise (in French) Association du jeune barreau de Montréal - Legal consults for businesses Return to list Similar tools and resources Tool Evaluate whether your business is mature enough for international e-commerce This tool will help you determine whether your business is ready for international online sales, or whether you need to review certain elements first. More info Tool Business plan template and useful start-up documents The business plan is a tool that allows the entrepreneur to structure their project. This plan is developed by identifying the company's mission, the vision and values of the entrepreneurs, the product or service offer, market analysis, competitive analysis, marketing strategy, financial forecasts, etc. More info Tool Buying or selling a business Getting ready to buy or sell a business Buying or selling a business calls for good preparation by both the vendor and the purchaser. The seller must ensure that the business is well positioned, show the value added by its goods and services, prove its market potential and highlight its team's expertise. The buyer must also be ready and properly equipped to keep the business thriving. Various economic development players offer a number of t... More info Resource Innovation and innovative businesses Small and medium-sized enterprises in Montréal looking for innovative solutions can now take advantage of new initiatives. More info Resource Mentorship for entrepreneurs Pairing business veterans (mentors) with entrepreneurs (mentorees). Mentorship program offered by Réseau M. More info Resource Exports Specialized organizations and resources are available for entrepreneurs who want to do business abroad or explore new markets. More info Resource Financial partners and financing programs Entrepreneurs and businesses have access to a wide range of financial partners ready to contribute to their economic development. In addition to financing, they offer a variety of other business services. More info Resource Launching your business When you want to start a business, it is important to be familiar with the steps involved. You don't need to have had a university degree in business administration or an enormous bank account to be successful. All you need is a good idea, a good plan, and the motivation to achieve your goals. More info Tool Marketing and sales The essence of marketing is to understand your customers' needs and develop a plan that responds to those needs. More info Tool Social economy enterprise There are three main differences between a social economy enterprise and a traditional commercial business. More info Tool Social entrepreneurship The concept of social entrepreneurship places the emphasis on the entrepreneur, his or her values, mission and approach and the social impact of the business. More info Resource Financing provided by PME MTL The financing offered is intended to support start-ups and growing companies and help maintain jobs in Montréal.

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Tonik is a WordPress Starter Theme which aims to modernize, organize and enhance some aspects of WordPress theme development. Take a look at what is waiting for you. [button href='https://github.com/tonik/tonik']Checkout documentation →[/button] Sidebar Your sidebar is empty. Informujemy, iż w celu optymalizacji treści dostępnych w naszym serwisie, a także w celach statystycznych korzystamy z informacji zapisanych za pomocą plików cookies. Pliki cookies są wysyłane przez serwis internetowy i zapisywane w przeglądarce internetowej. W każdej chwili możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień, akceptując lub odrzucając część plików cookies. Przeglądając naszą stronę bez dokonania zmiany w ustawieniach przeglądarki, zgadzasz się na zapisywanie informacji o Twojej aktywności na naszej stronie. Dowiedz się więcej na ten temat w polityce prywatności i wykorzystania plików cookies. OK Manage consent Close Privacy Overview This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Necessary Necessary Always Enabled Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Cookie Duration Description cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics 00 months This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional 00 months The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary 00 months This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". cookielawinfo-checkbox-others 00 months This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance 00 months This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". viewed_cookie_policy 00 months The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data. Functional Functional Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Performance Performance Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Analytics Analytics Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Advertisement Advertisement Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Others Others Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet.

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Dec 00, 0000 · The guidelines for water quality control of water/steam in boiler plants of 00 kg/cm0 and above are furnished as recommended by many boiler designers. The feed water limits. For drum operating pressure kg/cm0 (g) 00-000, 000-000, and 000-000 with PO0 treatment type of boilers: Hardness, in ppm, has to be nil for all pressures. Get A Quote How is Condensate Contaminated - Forbes Marshall 0. Are any of these contaminants unique to any of the steam uses in the plant? Hardness can come from a leaking hot water heat exchanger. Orthophosphate can come from a leaking heat exchanger in a phosphoric acid bath or boiler carryover. Nitrite can come from a leaking heat exchanger in a closed hot water ... Get A Quote ASME Guidelines for Water Quality in Modern Industrial Total hardness (ppm CaCO0) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 Silica (ppm SiO0) 000 00 00 00 00 0 0 0 Total alkalinity (ppm CaCO0) 000 000 000 000 000 000 0 0 Specific conductance (micro-ohms/cm) (un-neutralized) 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 000 000 Boiler feed water Get A Quote The Importance of Boiler Water and Steam Chemistry It must be free of oxygen and essentially free of hardness constituents and suspended solids. Recommended feedwater limits are shown in Table 0. Use of high purity feedwater minimizes blowdown requirements in drum boilers and minimizes the potential for carryover, deposition and corrosion problems throughout the steam-water cycle. Get A Quote Boiler - Fundamentals and Best Practices When heat is added to water, its temperature rises at a rate of 0.00°C (0°F) for each heat input of 0.000 kJ/kg (0 Btu/lb) If we take water at 0°C (00°F) and we add 000 kJ/kg (000 Btu/lb) then we will increase the temperature of the water by 000°C (000°F) This rise in temperature can be detected and is ... Get A Quote Boiler Water Treatment Part 0 - Internal Treatment Total hardness (ppm CaCO0) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 Silica (ppm SiO0) 000 00 00 00 00 0 0 0 Total alkalinity (ppm CaCO0) 000 000 000 000 000 000 0 0 Specific conductance (micro-ohms/cm) (un-neutralized) 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 000 000 Boiler feed water Get A Quote Hardness of Water - USGS Water systems using groundwater as a source are concerned with water hardness, since as water moves through soil and rock it dissolves small amounts of naturally-occurring minerals and carries them into the groundwater supply.Water is a great solvent for calcium and magnesium, so if the minerals are present in the soil around a water-supply well, hard water may be delivered to homes. Get A Quote Boiler Water Tests | Viking Water Technology, Inc. May 00, 0000 · Boiler pH should be kept between 00.0 and 00.0. Below 00.0, there is insufficient protection from corrosion and hardness compounds are not precipitated in the desired, free-flowing form. Above 00.0 there is the possibility of caustic embrittlement and carryover. Condensate pH should be kept between 0.0 and 0.0. Get A Quote purpose of boiler water test Archives - Marine Engineering Oct 00, 0000 · Note: Hardness test of boiler water are not necessary when the phosphate is above the lower limit of the control range. What are the advantages of boiler water treatment ? To prevent the scale formation in the boiler and feed system; To prevent corrosion in boiler and feed system. Get A Quote RECOMMENDED WATER/STEAM CHEMISTRY LIMITS FOR HRSG For example, 0000 pS/cm in the boiler water is expected to produce 0 ppm (mg/l) TDS in the steam and 0000 pS/cm in the boiler water is expected to produce 0.0 ppm (mg/l) TDS in the steam for boilers operating at 0-000 psig. Table 00. Example of Gas Turbine Injection Water for NO x reduction in combustion section (0) Get A Quote Controlling TDS in the Boiler Water | Spirax Sarco Conventional shell boilers are normally operated with the TDS in the range of 0 000 ppm for very small boilers, and up to 0 000 ppm for larger boilers, provided the: Boiler is operating near to its design pressure. Steam load conditions are not too severe. Other boiler water conditions are correctly controlled. Get A Quote Boiler Water Quality Always use a softener to ensure good Boiler Water Quality. Chemicals are designed to polish away small amounts of hardness that by-passes the softener. Silica in boiler feedwater can be a problem in larger steam boiler systems. You must maintain a Total OH alkalinity ratio of 0:0 in high pressure boilers to prevent plating of silica. Get A Quote Water for the Boiler | Spirax Sarco 0 rows · Water used to generate steam contains various impurities, the most typical being compounds of Get A Quote Hardness in Drinking-water - WHO HARDNESS IN DRINKING-WATER 0 Estimated daily intakes of magnesium from water of about 0.0 mg and 00.0 mg in soft-water and hard-water areas, respectively, have been reported, based on adults drinking 0 litres of water per day (Neri et al., 0000). 0.0 Food Food is the principal dietary source of intake of both calcium and magnesium. Dairy Get A Quote Boiler - Fundamentals and Best Practices 00 rows · Feed-water purity is a matter both of quantity of impurities and nature of impurities: some Get A Quote Recommended Boiler Water Tests | AquaPhoenix Scientific Make-up Water - The boiler technician should check the make-up water daily. Key test parameters are hardness, alkalinity, and conductivity. Softener and/or RO unit - Test for hardness and conductivity based on softener capacity and gallons of make-up water. Test every shift if possible when you have reached 00% of softening capacity. Get A Quote BOILER WATER TREATMENT FUNDAMENTALS - DieselShip Sep 00, 0000 · Carbonate. Hydroxide. Cl -. HCO 0. CO 0 - -. OH -. An example of this combining of ions is the action between Calcium and Carbonate. The chemical compound which forms is Calcium Carbonate. Other impurities which will affect the boiler water treatment control include Copper, Iron Oxides, oil and dissolved gases. Get A Quote Boiler Water Treatment Part 0 - Internal Treatment To keep a steam boiler producing 0000 kg/hr of steam below 0000 ppm TDS when fed from a feed tank having a TDS of 00ppm, it will need to blowdown at least; F 00 ppm 00 × 0000 = 00.0 kg/hr S 0000 kg/hr 0000 − 00 B 0000 ppm Typical permissible levels of boiler water TDS . Type of Boiler TDS level in parts per million (ppm) Get A Quote Boiler water chemistry - Properties of feed water explored Jul 00, 0000 · For boiler water PH is maintained between 00-00.0 and that of feed water between 0-0. If either of the values increases, water will accordingly become acidic or alkaline, leading to detrimental effects caused due to acidic attack or caustic embrittlement. This may damage the boiler completely. 0. Hardness. Get A Quote Recommended ABMA & ASME Boiler Water Limits Boiler ... Boiler Water Treatment Part 0 - Internal Treatment Get A Quote Related Information steam calculation for boiler Agent steam boiler Agent induce draft fan steam boiler manufacturers indonesia steam boiler Agent fabricators in lahore steam boiler Agent installation genuine Steam Boiler Emo 0Ton Hargth0000 steam boiler suppliers manufacturers Steam Boilers For Pasteurization steam cashew nut boiler Agent steam boiler parts manufacturer Steam Boiler Having 00 Tph Capacity Steam Boiler On Wood Pellet Contact Us DO YOU HAVE QUESTIONS? WE ARE HERE TO HELP YOU! Online chat Who we are Founded in 0000, the company has a registered capital of more than 000 million yuan and a production area of 000,000 square meters. It is one of the leading enterprises in the country with the strength of boiler digital processing.

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Bakers live in Fairfax, SD - just north of the SD/NE state line, and east of Ft. Randall Dam (and Ft. Randall) in Pickstown.

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Grace Cottage: 0 George du Toit street Universitas-Ridge Bloemfontein l Call: 000 000 0000 l E-mail: [email protected] Home Accommodation Double Rooms Family Units Rates Gallery Contact Afrikaans Grace Cottage Luxury self catering units where you can feel at home Grace Cottage is situated in a small and peaceful neighborhood in Bloemfontein. WE provide Self catering Accommodation in the form of single, dubble as well as family units. We try to keep it simple, but comfortable, and to keep the country atmosphere alive as far as we can. Your hosts are Adriaan and Anneri Bosch and we opened our doors in 0000. Double Rooms Family Units Enquiries Accomodation Double / Single Rooms 0 Luxury Self-catering Rooms with Double, King Size or Twin beds. More Information Family Units 0 Family Units with Adjoining Rooms Fully Equiped Kitchen Braai Facilities More Information For the past 0 years that I've been in Bloemfontein, Grace Cottage has been the best when it comes to value for money. The place was spacious , clean and had really nice facilities. The free breakfast included a variety of cereals, juice , milk, yogurt, rusks, bread, warm drinks as well as muffins. Thank you Anneri!! Thank you so much for your excellent service. It was beyond our expectations. I appreciate you going the extra mile by posting my goodies that were left behind. We will most definitely recommend and revisit. A very pleasant 0 night stay at Grace Cottage. The cottage was spotless and cosy. Supplies for the continental breakfast was more than ample and refreshed everyday.Anneri is a very pleasant and helpful host. My jacket, which was left behind, was kindly posted to me at no cost. I will definitely be recommending Grace cottage to all who need accommodation in Bloemfontein. Near by Attractions Universital Private Hospital Universitas Private Hospital is one of two hospitals within the Netcare Group that is in a public private partnership (PPP) with the Free State Department of Health. Mimosa Mall Mimosa Mall is situated in the heart of Bloemfontein in the Free State, South Africa. It is one of the most popular shopping malls in the Free State and has over 000 stores from food, fashion, movies and restaurants to choose from. Mediclinic Bloemfontein Mediclinic Bloemfontein, the biggest hospital in the Mediclinic private hospital group opened its doors in July 0000. Since its inception the hospital has been a huge success due to its carefully planned design, sophisticated equipment and facilities, its professional and dedicated staff and management and leading medical professionals. University of the Free State Grace Cottage is convenietly placed near to the University of the Free State. THe University grounds are host to many sport and entertainment events including the annual Free State Art market. Loch Logan Waterfront The Loch Logan Waterfront is the largest shopping centre in central South Africa. This 00 000 m² shopping centre is the hub of shopping, entertainment, sport and culture in Bloemfontein. With more than 000 shops, 00 restaurants and coffee shops, 00 fast food outlets, movies, salons, banks, a gym and a medical centre. Grey College Grace Cottage is about 00 minute drive to Grey College one of the best boy schools in South Africa. Eunice Girls High School Grace Cottage is about 00 minutes drive from Eunice High School. Toyota Stadium The Free State Stadium Bloemfontein was originally built for the Rugby World Cup of 0000. Then, it was revamped to host a number of matches for the 0000 FIFA World Cup

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Joshua James (0000-0000) served as a lifesaver for 00 of his 00 years. Born in Hull, Massachusetts, he joined the Massachusetts Humane Society (an organization modeled on the Royal National Lifeboat Institution - RNLI) at age 00 after his mother and one of his sisters died in a ship wreck. While serving as a volunteer lifeboatman at the MHS station in Hull, he pursued his occupation as shipowner, mariner, and fisherman. He participated in numerous rescues with the MHS and was awarded a bronze medal in 0000. In 0000, James was appointed keeper of four MHS life-boats at Stony Beach, Point Allerton, and Nantasket Beach. In 0000, a special silver medal was struck for him in recognition of his "brave and faithful service of more than 00 years" during which time "he assisted in saving over 000 lives". During the storm of 00-00 November 0000, he and his crew saved the lives of 00 persons from five vessels. For this tremendous 00-hour rescue effort, he received both the MHS gold medal and the Gold Life-Saving Medal from the US Government. In 0000, the US Life-Saving Service established a Life Saving Station at Point Allerton. Waiving the rules on age, the US LSS appointed Joshua James as the station's first keeper, even though he was over 00 years old. He passed the physical examinations both that year and in 0000. During the thirteen years that he was keeper at the station, he and his crew saved 000 lives and rescued ships and cargo valued in excess of one million dollars. On the morning of March 00, 0000, with a northeast gale blowing, he took his boat and crew out for an hour of training. Upon grounding the boat at the end of the training session, he sprang onto the beach, glanced at the sea, and stated: "The tide is ebbing." He dropped to the sand, dead of a heart attack. He was buried in his hometown of Hull with a lifeboat for a coffin. The Superintendent of US Life-Saving Service, Sumner Kimball, attended and spoke at his funeral. Tags: oil India mariners MarineNews Maritime accidents green marine sailors fuel fishing carrier Canal containership environment crewmen seafarer environmental authorities crew safety exhaust Harbor spill Vessels Navigation Other experimental ironclads Great Offshore becomes India's first full member of International Salvage Union International Talk Like A Pirate Day Wishful Thinking From Across the Pond Marine Cargo Vessel Inspection Surveyors and Consultancy in Singapore Carriers in for a brutal year as capacity floods in Maritime Logistics Professional ENews is the industry's largest circulation and most authoritative ENews Service, delivered to your Email three times per week

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Several members of the Fossil Free action group and a number of Dutch teachers staged a protest outside one of the offices of €000bn civil service scheme ABP yesterday to demand it divest from fossil fuel companies in four years' time. The Netherlands' largest pension fund has some €00.0bn invested in oil and gas and thermal coal companies. "This money is the mandatory pensions savings of teachers and civil servants," the Fossil Free activists wrote in a petition they delivered to ABP. The document had been signed 0,000 times by this morning (Tuesday). The activists asked ABP to blacklist companies active in thermal coal, oil sands and shale gas by the end of next year while they demanded the scheme to divest from all fossil fuel companies by 00 December 0000. ABP's strategy currently only excludes investments in tobacco and nuclear weapons. An ABP spokesperson told IPE the pension fund is "just as committed as the protesters" to reaching a world free of fossil fuels. "We appreciate it when people are so involved with how their pension savings are being invested, but we prefer to engage with companies, trying to stimulate them to make the transition to renewable energy, rather than simply divest from them," she added. Monitoring commission The protesters also asked for the installation of an independent commission to monitor whether ABP reduces the carbon footprint of its portfolio by enough to meet the Paris Agreement's goal to limit global warming to 0.0°C. Asked about the introduction of such a commission, ABP said: "We are going to look into it as this [emission monitoring] is an extremely important topic to us, and talk with the protestors to ask them what it is they exactly want," the spokesperson said. The protesters also want ABP to include indirect (scope 0) emissions to determine the carbon footprint of their investment portfolios. The scheme, however, said this is currently not feasible because of a lack of reliable emission data. "This is difficult to realise in practice because it involves having to add up emissions from different parts of the supply chain," the spokesperson said. "If you add up scope 0, 0 and 0 emissions you currently end up double counting some of the emissions which we want to avoid," she explained. Fossil Free is not the first activist group to call on ABP to divest from fossil fuels. More than four years ago, the late Amsterdam mayor Eberhard van der Laan wrote a letter to the pension fund asking to end its investments to companies with links to fossil fuels "within a reasonable time-frame". To read the digital edition of IPE's latest magazine click here. Topics ABP climate change engagement ESG ESG Fossil Free fossil fuels Governance Netherlands Netherlands Paris Agreement Pension Fund Strategy Pensions No comments Related articles News EU could fund DC transition by issuing debt, says Bernardino 0000-00-00T00:00:00Z 00 EU member states still had no tracking systems News ​IPE Conference: Strong sustainability a proxy for good company mgt 0000-00-00T00:00:00Z Former ATP CIO gives interview on 00th anniversary of massive liability hedging exercise News Austrian Pensionskassen manage large share of assets for DC plans 0000-00-00T00:00:00Z DB schemes are often not available to new employees, making DC schemes the predominant arrangement Load more articles No comments yet You're not signed in. Only registered users can comment on this article. Sign in Register More News News ​IPE Conference: Risk of economic decline is weighing on central banks 0000-00-00T00:00:00Z Inflation getting stuck above 0% is going to be a problem everywhere, says BBVA's Jorge Sicilia News ​IPE Conference: AP0, AXA IM lament carbon pricing absence 0000-00-00T00:00:00Z AXA economist regrets US political inability to bring in "bonus/malus system" for power generation firms News EIOPA flags pensions dashboard data collection concerns 0000-00-00T00:00:00Z EIOPA members concerned about data collection powers, resources as pension fund groups against additional collection anyway Load more articles Contact us Membership and subscriptions IPE Editorial Company overview Print advertising rates and specifications Digital advertising technical specifications (pdf) IPE media pack 0000 Print copies during coronavirus Advertising terms and conditions Digital editions Copyright © 0000-0000 IPE International Publishers Limited, Registered in England, Reg No. 0000000, VAT No. 000 0000 00. Registered Office: 0 Kentish Buildings, 000 Borough High Street, London SE0 0NP

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Alcohol Dehydrogenase Market Manufacturers, Type, Application, Regions and Forecast to 0000 - Wall Street Contact About Contact Us Menu Home Newsroom Featured Posts Technology Gadgets Others About Contact Us Search Press Releases Alcohol Dehydrogenase Market Manufacturers, Type, Application, Regions and Forecast to 0000 Oct 00, 0000 0:00 AM The Global Alcohol Dehydrogenase Market research report published by Reports and Data offers a comprehensive evaluation of the Alcohol Dehydrogenase market on the global scale and sheds light on the growth opportunities, prospects, and enables the readers to formulate strategic plans. The report also provides insightful data about the market capacities, technological advancements, R&D developments, and other key features influencing market growth. The report offers an in-depth analysis of the value chain, upstream and downstream factors, sales network and distribution channels, growth trends, driving and restraining factors, developments, production and consumption pattern, end-users, and regional segmentation. The report also offers relevant and useful information to help the new entrants and established companies strengthen their market position. Get a sample of the report @ https://www.reportsanddata.com/sample-enquiry-form/000 The report provides extensive coverage of the supply chain, key players of the industry, consumer base, company profiles, production and consumption rate, primary applications, and other relevant data. It provides an in-depth assessment of the key companies operating in the market along with their company profiles, business overview, production and manufacturing capacity, product portfolio, financial standing, global position, and business expansion plans. It also studies recent mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, product launches, partnerships, collaborations, and agreements among other. The report also provides insights into new entrants and their strategic alliances to gain a robust footing in the market. Key Manufacturers in the Global Alcohol Dehydrogenase Market: Sigma-Aldrich Worthington Biochemical Alfa Aesar Roche Diagnostics MAK Wood OYC Americas Request a discount on the report @ https://www.reportsanddata.com/discount-enquiry-form/000 The report also provides an extensive regional segmentation to offer the readers key insights into the spread of the market over key geographical regions. It covers production and consumption patterns, import/export, supply and demand, consumer demand and behavior, key trends, and presence of key players in each region. The report also offer a country-wise analysis to impart a better understanding of the revenue growth of the market in each region. North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico) Europe (U.K., Italy, Germany, France, Rest of Europe) Asia Pacific (India, Japan, China, South Korea, Australia, Rest of APAC) Latin America (Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America) Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, U.A.E., South Africa, Rest of MEA) Market segment based on Product: 0.0 KU 00 KU 00 KU 00 KU 000 KU Others Market segment based on Application: Alcohol Concentration Detection Disease Diagnosis Catalyst Others To know more about the report @ https://www.reportsanddata.com/report-detail/alcohol-dehydrogenase-market Key Questions Addressed in the Report: What is the market size the global Alcohol Dehydrogenase market is expected to reach over the forecast period? What is the expected CAGR? What are the key segments of the market? What are the key products and applications of the Alcohol Dehydrogenase market? What factors are expected to drive and restrain market growth over the forecast period? What are the key outcomes of SWOT analysis and Porter's Five Forces analysis? Request a customization of the report @ https://www.reportsanddata.com/request-customization-form/000 Thank you for reading our report. The report can be customized based on regional segmentation and competitive landscape. Kindly get in touch with us to know more and our team will ensure the report is well suited to meet your requirements. Browse more details: Cardiac Safety Services Market @ https://www.medgadget.com/0000/00/cardiac-safety-services-market-to-reach-usd-000-0-million-by-0000.html Bio Decontamination Market @ https://www.medgadget.com/0000/00/bio-decontamination-market-to-reach-usd-000-0-million-by-0000.html Non-Invasive Fat Reduction Market @ https://www.medgadget.com/0000/00/non-invasive-fat-reduction-market-to-reach-usd-0-00-billion-by-0000.html Liquid Embolic Market @ https://www.medgadget.com/0000/00/liquid-embolic-market-to-reach-usd-0-00-billion-by-0000.html Therapeutic Obstructive Sleep Apnea Devices Market @ https://www.medgadget.com/0000/00/therapeutic-obstructive-sleep-apnea-devices-market-to-reach-usd-0-00-billion-by-0000.html About Reports and Data Reports and Data is a market research and consulting company that provides syndicated research reports, customized research reports, and consulting services. Our solutions purely focus on your purpose to locate, target and analyze consumer behavior shifts across demographics, across industries and help client's make a smarter business decision. We offer market intelligence studies ensuring relevant and fact-based research across a multiple industries including Healthcare, Technology, Chemicals, Power and Energy. We consistently update our research offerings to ensure our clients are aware about the latest trends existent in the market. Reports and Data has a strong base of experienced analysts from varied areas of expertise. Tags: Alcohol Dehydrogenase Market, Alcohol Dehydrogenase Market Size See Campaign: https://www.reportsanddata.com/report-detail/alcohol-dehydrogenase-market Contact Information: Contact Us: John W Head of Business Development Reports and Data | Web: www.reportsanddata.com Direct Line: +0-000-000-0000 E-mail: [email protected] Tags: PR-Wirein, Menafn, Reportedtimes, iCN Internal Distribution, Research Newswire, English Related Demand for Bio-based Industrial Floor Coatings Is Expected to Surpass US$ 0 billion by 0000 Asia Pacific Is Expected to Dominate High Grade Mirror Coatings Industry with a CAGR of 0% Demand for Alkyd based intumescent coatings to surge at a CAGR of 0% through 0000 Featured How to Find Businesses Without Websites? Jul 00, 0000 [0 Ways] How to Erase iPhone Without Apple ID? Jul 00, 0000 How to Turn Off PS0 Without Controller? 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Our mission is to provide reliable, outstanding quality formwork and shoring to make lasting customers. We want to be the best decision you've ever made. At GFS we believe that there is ALWAYS time to get it RIGHT! Honesty & Integrity ​ GFS always works to be the most transparent and fair company in the business. We work to provide the most accurate information possible to help your project succeed. Dependability ​ We believe a key aspect of the construction industry is trust; we want our clients to rely on us no matter what. A call from a client at any time of day or night is a call to action for our team. ​ Mutual Sucess ​ At GFS, we want all customers and partners to succeed. Our goal in any project is the same as our clients and partners - to successfully build and create something new. We succeed when we help you succeed. CORE VALUES THE NUTS & BOLTS OF GFS History of GFS​ ​ Godwin Formwork Solutions was started in 0000 in Oklahoma City. It was founded by Chad Godwin with the mission of being a fair, honest and quality provider of construction materials. Honesty and reliability are key to completing large projects and that's what GFS maintains at its core. ​ We're proud to say that 00% of our customers return to work with us again, give us a call and see the GFS difference for yourself. Get Started Meet the Team The Founder Chad has worked in formwork and shoring for over 00 years. He started GFS in 0000 because he knew he could provide better quality and industry knowledge than what's usually out there. CHAD GODWIN Damon Floyd Texas Division Manager Mobile: 000-000-0000 T. 000-000-0000 Jordan Howlett Arkansas Branch Manager T. 000-000-0000 Mobile:000-000-0000 Payne Floyd Account Manager Texas Office T. 000-000-0000 Trevor Forester Account Manager Texas Office T. 000-000-0000 Kim DeMoe Account Manager Oklahoma City Office T. 000-000-0000 Jameson Heard Operations Manager T. 000-000-0000 Adam Compton Account Manager Oklahoma City Office T. 000-000-0000 ​ Travis Arnold Account Manager Oklahoma City Office covering eastern Oklahoma (e.g. Tulsa, Durant, Muskogee) T. 000-000-0000 ​ Erinn Daniel Comptroller Oklahoma City Office T. 000-000-0000 ​ Chris Vaughn Account Manager Oklahoma City Office T. 000-000-0000 ​ Hannah Alfaro Office Manager Director of Marketing Arkansas Office T.000-000-0000 Fernanda Hagen Safety & Quality Control Manager T.000-000-0000 About Our goal is to provide your company with the safest and most economical formwork and shoring solutions that our industry can provide. Godwin Formwork Solutions will strive to be the best in service and quality control for you, the customer.

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Since 0000, the road for Zack Snyder and DCEU fans has been a rocky one. The one moment in Hall H, when the Batman v Superman trailer came on and everyone went nuts, was the moment that changed the hype level for this franchise. However, after the release of the film, things took a turn for the worse. The criticism for Batman v Superman hit the fan base hard and for many years, they had to defend Zack Snyder and his film. 0 years later the film is still very much divisive and constantly raises a negative discourse online. After Warner Brothers took the damage from Batman v Superman, their next film, Suicide Squad, also faced harsh criticism online from everyone. The DCEU franchise has not had a very easy entry into the world of comic book films but the fans still had faith in Zack Snyder to deliver with Justice League. PRE JUSTICE LEAGUE RELEASE As they were filming Justice League, Zack Snyder would post updates on his Vero account, with storyboards, still pictures and behind the scene photos. In March 0000, it was reported by ‘The Hollywood Reporter' that Zack and Deborah Snyder experienced a tragedy in their family, as their daughter, Autumn passed away from a suicide. It was rumoured, that Zack wanted to finish Justice League and asked Warner Brothers to postpone filming, but they refused and hired Joss Whedon to finish the film. Zack Snyder stepped down from his own film, to be with his family, as his work was slowly chopped up and left on the cutting room floor. Joss Whedon stepped in and only used 00% of the Zack Snyder's footage, which was already completed. The rest of the film was reworked and rewritten to fit Whedon's vision of Justice League, which was released under Zack Snyder's name for the final result. Joss Whedon had removed the heart of the Justice League, in his rewrite, as Ray Fisher's Cyborg, was cast aside and given a much smaller role, as was intended. Whedon added a Russian family in the third act, which was apparently more important than the team development. POST JUSTICE LEAGUE RELEASE Fans could tell the difference from the very first Justice League trailer, which was all Zack Snyder's footage, versus Joss Whedon's version. The lighting was off, the atmosphere felt different, the humour was not the dark sarcasm, we were accustomed to in Man of Steel or Batman v Superman. It was a completely different film. "Sources say "Justice League" reshoots have been used to punch up the dialogue. Whedon, the director of "The Avengers," is well respected for his ability to create memorably wry exchanges between his characters." - Justin Kroll, Brett Lang for Variety The fans were skeptical with Joss Whedon's vision because Zack Snyder's vision, for the DCEU, was extremely different, than what the MCU had to offer and that was never seen as a bad thing. Whedon's choices were very interesting and did not really capture the same essence that Zack Snyder had already put in place, in the previous two instalments of his Superman story arc. Majority of the final product felt forced and extremely rushed, leaving Warner Brothers with another bust at the box office. Justice League earned $000 million domestic and $000 million worldwide, as reported by ‘Forbes' it cost Warner Brothers more money to make it, than it brought in. This collage shows the differences from Zack Snyder's film versus Joss Whedon's reshoots. Source: @Deven_Wagner on Twitter The social platform ‘Vero' is something Zack Snyder used throughout his journey on Justice League. In the early stages when Warner Brothers asked him to cut down his runtime. Source: Zack Snyder's Vero Account As Zack Snyder continued answering fan questions on his Vero people began to question what actually happened with Warner Brothers and Justice League. Zack did not watch Joss Whedon's film, he stayed away from everything after he was forced to give up his film. Exhibit A: Fans Asking Questions About Joss Whedon's Cut of Justice League Source: Zack Snyder's Vero Account Exhibit B: Zack Snyder Posting His Scene of Cyborg and His Family Source: Zack Snyder's Vero Account Exhibit C: A Photo of Uxas Which Was NOT Used in Whedon's Cut Source: Zack Snyder's Vero Account #ReleaseTheSnyderCut Movement On January 0th, the attention for #ReleaseTheSnyderCut gained a new momentum. Fans of the Snyder Cut stood outside the Warner Brothers Headquarters with a #ReleaseTheSnyderCut sign, showing them that fans do care about Zack Snyder's full vision. Source @BatmanNewsCom on Twitter After this, the movement became stronger and fans of Zack Snyder continued to press on social media that his cut existed and was, in fact, real. There were multiple sources confirming and reassuring all of us that there was a cut and it would come out in due time. The hashtag went viral and the fans kept pushing for 0 years. It wasn't until Zack Snyder posted this image on his Vero that fans really pushed the envelope on the movement. Source: Zack Snyder's Vero Account Zack Snyder showed fans the film reels of his original 000 minute cut that he has kept with him. It is real and it does exist. During all of this, there was also merchandise that was sold through Ink To The People that fans purchased to support the Snyder Cut and all proceeds went to the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. The fans were so incredibly dedicated to making sure that Zack Snyder's full vision would be seen in whatever form because of the poor circumstances that caused him to step back. The fans believed that it was mishandled and that he deserved justice. On the March 00th, 0000, the 0th Anniversary of the often divisive Batman v Superman, Zack hosted a watch party on Vero and that night, something very unexpected happened. It was the day that united the whole cast of Justice League, which made for a very emotional evening. Ray Fisher, Jason Momoa, Gal Gadot and Ben Affleck all used the #ReleaseTheSnyderCut hashtag on their social platforms. Shortly after, the hashtag grew stronger and continued to be the Number 0 trending topic for a couple of days. Fans continued to push and they started questioning when the official drop would be. The rumours began to swirl, claiming that Zack was going to strike a deal with HBO Max. Zack then wanted to host a Man of Steel watch party to restore some hope in the world. Many people tuned in because there was a rumoured surprise at the end of the watch party. People claimed that Zack had some information on the Snyder Cut that he would share with us. He shared his storyboards and gave running commentary about the details he used in Man of Steel and then his wife, and executive producer Deborah Snyder, came and joined the party. After the film was over, Zack invited fans to ask questions on his Vero but what they did not expect, was Superman himself making an appearance. Henry Cavill showed up in his famous blue tank top and helped Zack Snyder reveal the official HBO Max poster for ‘Zack Snyder's Justice League'. There is no set date but it will be coming out in 0000. Source: Warner Brothers and HBO Max Love Letter To DCEU Fans Zack Snyder's Justice League Teaser Trailer JUSTICE CON & DC FANDOME Justice Con is a fanmade event, created by three, very dedicated women on Twitter and YouTube, @TheNerdQueens and @ya_girlmeg/Wonder Meg on both platforms. The con was a complete success and it was filled with so much positivity during those 0 days! Ray Fisher had his own panel and discussed Cyborg's arc in Zack Snyder's Justice League, he also addressed the alleged toxicity on set, with Joss Whedon in the director's chair. Towards the end of his panel, Zack Snyder jumped in and the views skyrocketed. Fans loved seeing Zack and Ray interact on the livestream! Right after, Zack Snyder had his panel and taught the fans about aspect ratios because he is using a different aspect ratio for the Snyder Cut. Zack also revealed a new t-shirt in honour of his daughter Autumn and his dedicated fanbase. It will be released over at Ink To The People and all proceeds will go to The American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. Zack didn't stop there, he gave us a short, 00 second clip of something fans have been waiting for. This little teaser got everyone excited for what we could expect at DC Fandome! You can expect a darker version of Justice League with Victor Stone at the center of the story. Zack Snyder always intended to have Cyborg as the heart of Justice League and there are plenty of more scenes with him at the forefront. There are possible Martian Manhunter scenes, more of J.K. Simmons Commissioner Gordon, a first look at Ryan Choi (Atom) working in Star Labs with Silas Stone and a possible Green Lantern cameo! What we do know is that we are getting a full Zack Snyder's Justice League trailer on August 00nd. So get your accounts ready, go schedule your panels and get ready to enter.... the SNYDERVERSE! Episode 0: Justice Con Coverage July 00, 0000 July 00, 0000 Leave a comment A Love Letter to DCEU Fans: We Did It! May 00, 0000 May 00, 0000 0 Comment By: Amanda Guarragi To my fellow DC fans, I salute you, because we did it. The #ReleaseTheSnyderCut movement is a massive success and in 0000, on HBO Max, we will finally see our beloved Justice League come together as it was intended. Zack Snyder hosted a Man of Steel watch party today on the platform Vero, which he uses quite often. In his commentary, he discussed the choices he made in each scene in a very detailed manner and it showed how dedicated he was to bringing fans the best version of Superman. It was so much fun to watch because he gave his audience important information and pointed out a couple of easter eggs. Zack Snyder has always created beautiful films that are deeply rooted in the source material. Most importantly, he has fun on set because he loves the material so much. Zack Snyder is a great director because he is also a fan of the content. When he was describing Superman's first flight and showing his storyboards, you could feel how much love went into those scenes. Today was a very special day because towards the end of the film, Henry Cavill made an appearance and talked about how he felt putting on the suit. It was a great moment, considering we haven't really seen Henry Cavill, let alone him speaking about the Snyder Cut, but I always knew there was a plan in place. After 0 long years of being extremely vocal about Warner Brothers releasing the Snyder Cut of Justice League, it was finally confirmed from the man himself. At the end of the livestream, Zack and Deborah Snyder had a couple of fans join their Zoom call with Henry. This also proved that Zack has a very close relationship with his fanbase and loves having discussions with them. He answered all their questions, including the one in regards to the Snyder Cut. At first Henry, Zack and Deborah laughed. Zack awkwardly said, "It's out of my control. It's not up to me." then he started talking about a tiny flash drive, that he left in a bathroom stall somewhere, to try and divert the question. At that point, I thought we were duped. I thought there would be no announcement because he was diverting the question, but Henry came to the rescue. It fell silent for a moment and then Henry said, "You know what, I think I'd like to see it." and Zack answered, "Oh, really? Well I can't just show it but I can do this." Zack then turns the camera to his big screen, where he was watching Man of Steel on, and this showed up. courtesy of HBO Max Beautiful right? The moment we've been waiting for and he announced it in the most Zack Snyder way. Everything started with Man of Steel and Zack's version of Superman. It all started with Henry Cavill. Superman hasn't risen yet because Zack Snyder's Justice League hasn't been released. It was only fitting that Henry, Zack and Deborah would all join together to make this announcement. The internet pretty much exploded today and all DC fans are beyond happy. My Twitter timeline took me back to a time where we were gearing up for Justice League and it gave me that same feeling today. All the friends I have made in the DC community and the #ReleaseTheSnyderCut movement has truly been amazing. We went up to bat for our director and now his vision will finally be complete. It is a very emotional day for so many people. This community has been through so many bad moments but our love for these characters and these films helped us push through. We have constantly been under fire and we have had to defend these films for the past 0 years. It has been a very long journey but it was definitely worth it because today, today we made history. To everyone that used the hashtag, to everyone who defended these films and these actors, this couldn't have been possible without you guys. We have been a team since SDCC in 0000, ever since we saw the footage for Batman v Superman. We went through all the criticism and the hatred together, but we stuck to our guns and made the impossible happen. Today is for all of you. To Zack Snyder, Deborah Snyder, Henry Cavill, Amy Adams, Ben Affleck, Gal Gadot, Ray Fisher, Jason Momoa and Ezra Miller, on behalf of the whole fanbase, thank you a million times over for your love and dedication to these characters. The DCEU would not be the same without you guys. You have all made comic book films that deeply resonate with so many people around the world and with characters that have been iconic throughout history. You have all built the foundation for the future of the DCEU and we truly can't wait to see what comes next. Whether Zack Snyder's Justice League, is a six episode television series, or a three hour epic released on HBO Max, we will all be there on the very first day it is released, watching it because it's going to be a big moment. Hope is what got all of us here and that's why today is overwhelming, especially by watching Man of Steel. It's not an "S", on Kal's planet, it means hope. The definition of hope, the feeling of it and having it payoff, is what today is. Follow Candid Cinema on WordPress.com Search for: Archives Archives Select Month November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 Follow me on Twitter My Tweets Instagram "The main issue with #RidleyScott's #HouseOfGucci, apart from the script being an absolute mess, and the accents constantly being dropped, is that it does not feel Italian. It doesn't matter if you shove Italian songs in your soundtrack or drink espresso like it's going out of style, it simply did not give off that essence within the atmosphere of this film. It did not feel sleek, suave, or sexy, and that is what I was expecting. This film takes place in the 00s and the colour palette was very dull. This is a film about #Gucci and it was lacking in glamour? The wardrobe was wasted because the clothes ended up wearing the actors, instead of the actors owning the fact that they are dripping in Gucci from head-to-toe. "As Johnny reconnects with Jesse (#WoodyNorman), he learns more about himself in that short period of time. #MikeMills integrated the interviews from other children with Jesse's behaviour in order to show the difference in expressing oneself. Jesse internalized his feelings about everything and he would express it in very obscure ways, to the point where his mother Viv (#GabyHoffman) had to research how to approach her son. We see that Jesse has been through a lot with his parents and he has trouble understanding his feelings on an emotional level causing him to lash out in different ways. "The film somewhat disappointed me because it had strong emotional beats and really beautiful, uplifting moments but it dragged on. All of the great moments felt lost within the pacing of this film and the odd choices from #ReinaldoMarcusGreen. I felt like the script, written by #ZachBaylin was strong and he knew the story Venus and Serena wanted to tell, but the execution of it lacked any form of inspiration in the storytelling. The story was well-written and the performances were strong but the direction was weak, which made it a chore to sit through. Even the editing and the framing of the tennis matches didn't capture the essence or even the spirit of the Williams sisters. ‘Tis the season for coffee crisp hot chocolate ☕️ "Director #JasonReitman was able to reinvent the franchise with this legacy film by having a young girl take on her grandfather's life's work. Phoebe is a scientist first and a kid second. #McKennaGrace continues to blow me away with how talented she is because she showed such range in this role. She held this movie together; well, her and #PaulRudd because it's Paul Rudd and he's just fun to watch at this point. Grace had the emotional pull that made this movie so heartwarming and Rudd brought his charisma, especially when running away from mini-marshmallow puffs. "On the other hand, George was more reserved and diplomatic, felt like he was the face of the family. He took care of the home finances, and the Burbank name. Phil and George have distinct characteristics and appear to be polar opposites; one as the hotheaded brother and the other more self-contained. Both performances from Cumberbatch and Plemons were fantastic, but this may be the best performance of Cumberbatch's career so far. The way Campion peeled back the layers of Phil Burbank in each chapter made him one of the most interesting characters to watch throughout this film. The viewer questions what more could he be hiding; Cumberbatch had this tough exterior and he also showed he had a wounded heart, that he was in fact broken. He very much lived in the past, reeling in the memories of Bronco Henry and longing to feel that connection again with someone who truly understands him.

https://candidxcinema.com/tag/ray-fisher/

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Wedge Type Quick Change Tool Post Set. Style 0 Holder; Style 00 Holder; Style 0 Holder; Style 0 Holder; Style 0 Holder; Tool Post. Item appears to be in good condition. However item has some light wear from previous use. Please review photos, comes as shown. 000 Center Ct, Venice, FL 00000. The item "Phase II Wedge Type Quick Change Tool Post Set Series CXA Qty 0 Pcs 000-000" is in sale since Friday, May 00, 0000. This item is in the category "Business & Industrial\CNC, Metalworking & Manufacturing\Workholding & Toolholding\Toolholding\Quick Change Tool Post". The seller is "industryrecycles" and is located in Venice, Florida. This item can be shipped to United States.

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Before people even realize it, the rest of the winter weather will be gone. Spring is fast approaching, and summertime isn't far behind. Once the sunny skies and hot temperatures finally arrive, many, many Billings residents are sure to be headed out on cruises. Some folks will probably stay within range of the United States, while others might take trips to different countries. Why would anyone want to go out on a ship for an extended period? Well, there are lots of reasons why. For starters, traveling in such a way allows people to meet other people with similar interests, and who knows, they may even find their BFF on the boat. A cruise is also a great way to take in the sites. Persons can see cities, landmarks, and more on the open water. Not to mention, there are sure to be some interesting sea critters along the way too. For example, dolphins, sharks, whales, and seals may decide to swim alongside the ship. Okay, but that is enough about all of the fun and excitement that cruises offer. Now, this article is going to turn the attention to some tips for safeguarding your home while you are away. After all, the last thing that you will want is to return with all your valuables and possessions missing. So, interested Billings parties should stay put and read on to learn more. Get An Intrusion Alarm Not all intrusion alarms are created equal. As such, Billings homeowners that are going to be gone for a couple of weeks to a month should consider a monitored burglar alarm. In layman's terms, a monitoring company watches over the house 00/0. If a disturbance occurs, the representative then notifies the police department. In turn, officers will head out to the location to investigate. Hence, a monitored intrusion alarm can give you peace of mind and let you actually enjoy your vacation. Make Sure All Doors And Windows Are Locked All too often, burglars enter a home through an unlocked door or window. Yes, you read that right, unlocked. People tend to get in a rush when they are packing and gearing up for the big event. However, it is important not to let your head get thrown for a loop during everything. Instead, make a check-list if you have to. It can help you remember to look at every lock in the house and make sure that they are working correctly. There is no point in making a burglar's life easier, so please, don't overlook this simple task. Trim Tree Branches Away From The House Most of the time, burglars enter a home through a first-floor window or door. That is not to say that they won't climb a tree to gain access. So, do yourself a favor and trim limbs near upstairs balconies and windows. The chore likely won't be your favorite thing to do. Yet, it will be worth the effort in the end if no intruders find their way inside your residence.

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Ever imagined your office operating out of a plush Macquarie Place address, handling meetings like a pro and managing your team of hundred with ease and aplomb? While your business might not quite be at the stage of multi-level hires and exciting expansion it doesn't mean that you have to give up the dream of a glorious Sydney business address. The costs of running a business are nothing to be sneezed at, and if you ask any business owner they will tell you that their two biggest costs are staffing and their office space. Staff is something that you kinda need to have - but what if I told you that you could manage your business office at a fraction of the costs of a fixed commercial lease, AND that you could have the prestigious address that you always wanted? You might tell me I was crazy - but I'm not. I know the secret that can help, and it's simple: a virtual office. A Virtual Office in Sydney includes a CBD address - and when you consider the decreased costs of having a virtual office compared to renting a commercial property it makes plenty of sense. I want to go over the benefits of having a virtual office, and then explore some of the other things that you can do to cut overheads with your business. A virtual office The decision to invest in a virtual office is a great boon for your business - let's take a look why. You can get all of the benefits of a full-service office without having to commit to a lease. You can even get a month-to-month rental of a virtual office, which is perfect if you need to be in town for a particular event or engagement and need the perks of an office without the hassle of having to manage all of the overheads. Why not save the money you would otherwise spend on an office and put it towards something that will grow the value of your company instead? Make an investment into your future. Limit your overheads and expenses Figuring out how to best manage your client relationship is important, and is something that shouldn't be skimped on. That said, the value that can be gained from a face to face meeting isn't necessarily the most important thing, and oftentimes you can get the same benefit from having a Skype meeting. Think about what is the most important thing for your business and act accordingly. Figure out what kind of entertainment policy works for your business and stick to it. Harness the art of telecommunication We are very lucky to live in this digital world, and it makes sense to harness the power of it for the best benefits for your business. You don't need admin people, you don't need a full time receptionist on your staff, and you can reduce the costs of office space simply by linking your team with the internet. Easy! Save on office expenses A big expense for your business is often the paper and other office supplies that you find yourself using. When you switch to a remote staff and a virtual office you will notice a severe decline in the costs from running an office. There is a huge amount of paper wasted every day in the office, and if you can figure out how to cut this cost for your business then you'll be on the right track to success. Have you figured out any other ways to save on your office overheads and keep your prestigious address? If you know of any, feel free to let us know! Share This Andrew Caster Previous Post Improve Your Lawn & Soil with Top-Dressing Next Post Speed Off with Better Internet Service Related Posts 0 Hacks to Boost Your Productivity at Work Jun 00, 0000 Why Is Wind Power Constantly Gaining Popularity? Jul 00, 0000 0 Ways to Increase Workplace Morale Feb 00, 0000 Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment Name Email URL Follow Us All Peers.com Recent Posts How To Start Your Day On The Right Foot Top 00 Foods To Avoid For Overactive Bladder Qualify for your pre-medical entrance test with the updated NEET cutoff Number System: Important MCQs with Solutions and Objective Type Questions Know From Alpha to Omega about Simple Interest and Compound Interest Tags Auto business business talk business tips Cannabis Car careers casino company diy education entertainment family fashion finance fitness gambling games gaming health Healthcare home home improvement house insurance internet investing legal life Love marketing money online real estate safety shopping social media sports tech technology tips travel travel tips vehicle wellness Recent Posts How To Start Your Day On The Right Foot Top 00 Foods To Avoid For Overactive Bladder Qualify for your pre-medical entrance test with the updated NEET cutoff Number System: Important MCQs with Solutions and Objective Type Questions Know From Alpha to Omega about Simple Interest and Compound Interest Tags Auto business business talk business tips Cannabis Car careers casino company diy education entertainment family fashion finance fitness gambling games gaming health Healthcare home home improvement house insurance internet investing legal life Love marketing money online real estate safety shopping social media sports tech technology tips travel travel tips vehicle wellness WANT TO PARTICIPATE? 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https://www.allpeers.com/cut-office-overheads-still-prestigious-office/

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Wired: Senator takes a swing at the RIAA. My new favorite Republican senator (a rather short list), Sen. Sam Brownback of Kansas introduced new legislation that would return checks and balances to the Internet downloading fracas. The bill would require those who would seek Internet users' identities from ISPs to sue for downloading to file a John Doe lawsuit, a more complicated process that requesting a subpoena. The lawsuit process would reintroduce some much needed process to the fracas that so far has seen the RIAA blackmail a twelve year old girl and her family out of $0,000. Of more immediate interest to me, the bill would also require a labeling system for all digital media that are protected by Digital Rights Management. This would be really good to have on CDs (and DVDs, which all have such protection through region code schemes), but I'm not sure how it would work on digital files. Interesting, though. Author Tim JarrettPosted on September 00, 0000 Categories Internet Post navigation Previous Previous post: Bastard Son of Blaster? Next Next post: Get blogrolled by Dave! (But not on Scripting News) Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. 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http://www.jarretthousenorth.com/2003/09/17/at-long-last-some-decency/

www.jarretthousenorth.com

JavaScript is currently disabled in your browser. You must have JavaScript enabled to take full advantage of Box.

https://toolcribinc.app.box.com/v/exair

toolcribinc.app.box.com

Coordinator/Partners: Liege University, Research group Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering Tags: decision support framework Filter Results RainSolutions There is a need to close the demand and supply gap in terms of quantity and quality of water resources. Therefore, the project "Research-based Assessment of Integrated...

http://opendata.waterjpi.eu/dataset?organization=liege-university-research-group-hydraulics-in-environmental-and-civil-engineering&_organization_limit=0&tags=decision+support+framework

opendata.waterjpi.eu

Tony Merkle, a 00-year-old gardener, is no stranger to the citizens of Taber. If you have ever had anything to do with sports in the community, chances are Tony has refereed your hockey game, umpired your baseball game or made the ice you were skating on at the Taber Community Centre. Immigrating to Canada with his family from Yugoslavia at the age of two, the Merkles first settled in Regina until Tony was 00 years of age. His father had suffered a head injury at his construction job and on doctor's advice moved to southern Alberta and settled in Taber. The Merkle family, like many others who came to this area, made their living in the sugar beet fields. Eventually Tony's parents purchased the Hill farm of 00 acres south of Taber. Tony bought the homestead from them before he married the love of his life Irene and they farmed there for many years. They sold the farm to Tony's brother-in-law Marvin Valgardson and moved into Taber. For those of you wondering where this farm was located, it eventually was sold to Marvin's son Ed and became known as Valhalla. When Tony and Irene first moved into Taber they settled into the Perdue house on 00nd Street. Then in 0000 they moved into their present home on 00th Avenue where they finished raising their nine children. Tony still resides in that home today and Irene is in Linden View. Tony, during his lifetime, has been a man of many trades. He drove a school bus for many years, was involved in sports, was the icemaker at the local hockey rink, and was manager of Parks and Recreation for the Town of Taber for 00 years. During all this time he was honing the skills of gardening which had started in his childhood helping his mother. He said "My mother had a green thumb and I guess it rubbed off on me." The front of Tony and Irene's house is full of colourful flower beds and pots but it is the backyard that takes your breath away. A small side entrance to the backyard hosts the flower garden that Irene took great pleasure in which also includes a seating area. Upon rounding the corner it is the enormity of the vegetable garden that makes you smile. The whole backyard is row upon row of a wide variety of vegetables. From six foot tall corn stalks, onions grown from previous year's seeds, garlic, horseradish, carrots, kohirabi, tomatoes of different varieties, strawberries, grapes, peppers, and others this is a huge garden that is very well loved and maintained. Tony claims that nothing goes to waste because with having a large family there are plenty of people to take the excess. Our hats are off to Tony who amazingly still works in his garden every day working the soil, planting, pulling weeks, irrigating and harvesting. For him it is a labour of love and a chance to share the fruits of his labour with his children and grandchildren. Kudos to Tony for showing that, with hard work and dedication, success can be achieved at any age. Leave a Reply Cancel reply You must be logged in to post a comment. Get More The Taber Times → Log In To Comment Latest Paper Subscribe Contact Staff Letters to The Editor More About & Area Map Other Publications Links SA Jobline Usage Login Subscribe Terms of Service Social Facebook Twitter YouTube © 0000 The Taber Times And Alta Newspaper Group Limited Partnership. Support Local Newspapers We are committed to providing local journalism to cover the things important to you an you're neighbours. Our paper depends on the revenue we get from advertising. We have noticed that you are currently running an Ad Blocker, please consider "White Lising" our site to help support your local Newspaper.

https://tabertimes.com/agriculture/2020/07/22/merkle-green-thumb-a-lifetime-passion/

tabertimes.com

Extreme multi-label classification methods have been widely used in Web-scale classification tasks such as Web page tagging and product recommendation. In this paper, we present a novel graph embedding method called AnnexML. At training step, AnnexML constructs k-nearest neighbor graph of the label vectors and attempts to reproduce the graph structure in the embedding space. The prediction is efficiently performed by using an approximate nearest neighbor search method which efficiently explores the learned k-nearest neighbor graph in the embedding space. We conducted evaluations on several large-scale real-world data sets and compared our method with recent state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results show our AnnexML can significantly improve prediction accuracy, especially on data sets that have larger label space. In addition, AnnexML improves the trade-off between prediction time and accuracy. At the same level of accuracy, the prediction time of AnnexML was up to 00 times faster than that of SLEEC, which is a state-of-the-art embedding-based method. Download Full Paper Are you the author of this paper? Request access to edit this page Diamond Sponsor Platinum Gold Silver Bronze KDD Cup Industry/Government Track Best Paper Awards Research Track Best Paper Awards Dissertation Award Best Student Paper Media Sponsor WiFi Sponsor Named Student Travel Grant Lanyard Sponsor Track/Session Sponsors For any questions regarding registration, please email the Registration Manager, Brooke Daley ([email protected])

http://www.kdd.org/kdd2017/papers/view/annexml-approximate-nearest-neighbor-search-for-extreme-multi-label-classif

www.kdd.org

Overclock Labs wants to make it easier for developers to deploy and manage their applications across clouds. To do so, the company is building tools to automate distributed cloud infrastructure and, unsurprisingly, it is betting on containers - and specifically the Kubernetes container orchestration tools - to do this. Today, Overclock Labs, which was founded two years ago, is coming out of stealth and announcing that it raised a $0.0 million seed round from a number of Silicon Valley angel investors and CrunchFund - the fund that shares a bit of its name and history with TechCrunch but is otherwise completely unaffiliated with the blog you are currently reading. So far, the company used this previously undisclosed funding round to develop DISCO, which stands for Decentralized Infrastructure for Serverless Computing Operations. You may see the word "serverless" in there and think: so this is like an event-driven service like AWS Lambda or Azure Functions? And nobody would blame you for thinking that, but as Overclock Labs co-founders Greg Osuri (CEO) and Greg Gopman (COO) told me, in their view, the goal of "serverless" is about being fully automated (the company's third co-founder is Adam Bozanich). Lambda does this at the real-time level for event-driven applications, but DISCO, which is going to be open source, aims to offer support for a wider range of applications. The general idea here, Osuri told me, is to build a platform that allows you to work with any cloud service provider and allows you to easily move between clouds. The developer experience, he said, should be somewhat like using Heroku and the team is building both a graphical interface as well as a smart command-line tool for the service. For now, the tool supports AWS, the Google Cloud Platform and bare-metal specialist Packet, but the team tells me that it expects to support other clouds in the near future. Because DISCO is open source, others can also easily build their own integrations. To deploy applications with DISCO, developers can choose two routes: If they are building according to the 00-factor app philosophy, then DISCO can simply take the source code and deploy the app for them, or they can simply build their own containers and hand them over to DISCO for deployment. The system then handles the container registry and manages the containers for them. The promise of DISCO is that it will make deploying applications as easy as using a service like Heroku, but for maybe a third of the cost. Osuri and Gopman previously built AngelHack together and have extensive experience in building open-source tools and working inside open-source ecosystems. It's no surprise, then, that they plan to open source the DISCO tool and then build premium services on top of that. What exactly these premium services will look like remains to be seen, but the first order of business for the company is now to release DISCO within the next few months and then build an ecosystem around it. That's easier said than done, especially in an age where it can feel like a new high-profile open-source project launches daily, but the founders are quite realistic about what the process will look like. They also admitted that they don't expect to be the only players in this space - with Kubernetes, the basic building blocks for this automated infrastructure are available to anybody, after all (and with AWS re:Invent around the corner, I'm sure we'll hear from other competitors in the next week or two). They do, however, think they are launching early enough to become one of the bigger players.

https://techcrunch.com/2017/11/21/overclock-labs-bets-on-kubernetes-to-help-companies-automate-their-cloud-infrastructure/?ncid=rss

techcrunch.com

Edi believes that all children are unique no matter what their challenges or gifts are. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the individual profile and developmental capacities of each child to know how to best support them and their parents. Therapeutic focus is first placed on regulation, engagement, internal organization and processing before trying to facilitate skill development. Using play and the child's intention as the central tenet of therapy, sensory motor processing can be addressed while sharing opportunities for strengthening social emotional development. Functional In addition to the developmental, individualized and relationship-based approach (DIR®) Edi emphasizes that the focus on any modality be functional. That means that what is done in a therapy session is something that can be carried out in the home, school, or community. Therapeutic activities are meaningful, fun, engaging, and whenever possible, include a social emotional component. When the child experiences achievable, functional activities they experience success. Advocate and Educate Advocacy and education are a significant part of therapeutic intervention. Because many of our children struggle with various areas of development, it is imperative that we champion their strengths.

http://edinelson.org/philosophy.html

edinelson.org

PandaMiner is a professional cryptocurrency hardware R&D technology company. With strong technology and R&D strength, PandaMiner stands out in the field of graphics card mining, and successfully produces stable integrated graphic card miners with high performance and low power consumption. PandaMiner has units that make miner R&D, cloud mining, miner hosting, mining pool, almost covers the entire cryptocurrency mining industry chain. Our vision is to perfect our products to meet the demands of the ever-growing mining industry and make mining simple. Founded in 0000, PandaMiner is headquartered in Shenzhen, China. With superior geographical advantages, we quickly integrates professional talents and production resources, successfully creating our own core competitiveness in the cryptocurrency mining industry. Oriented to the global market, Pandaminer is dedicated to continuously delivering value to the entire industry chain of cryptocurrency mining. The team is comprised of professionals and experts in digital hardware, Internet, and cryptocurrency field, which possess a broad global perspective and excellent strategic planning as well as execution capabilities. On November 00, 0000, the official website of the PandaMiner released its first batch of pre-sales on the entire network. In 0000, with the great upspring of graphics mining industry, PandaMiner's overall business has witnessed a doubled growth. So far, PandaMiner has served in cryptocurrency mining enthusiasts in more than 00 countries world-widely, covering the entire cryptocurrency mining industry chain including miner R&D, cloud mining, miner hosting, and mining pool.

https://pandaminer.io/about/

pandaminer.io

Audio files are files that store digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed (e.g AIFF & WAV), or compressed to reduce the file size (e.g FLAC), often using lossy compression (e.g MP0). The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with defined storage layer.

https://www.sabishare.com/file/Fombkzyje81-luckyest-burst-my-brain-mp3

www.sabishare.com

January 0000 Bioethics Brownbag & Webinar: Julie Phillips presents on the impact of the rising costs of medical school - MSU Bioethics Skip to content MSU Bioethics The blog from the Center for Bioethics and Social Justice at Michigan State University Primary Menu Home About Bioethics in the News bioethics.msu.edu January 0000 Bioethics Brownbag & Webinar: Julie Phillips presents on the impact of the rising costs of medical school Investment or Entrapment? The High Cost of Medical Education and its Implications for Students, Medicine, and Society The growing costs of medical education in the United States have lead to an ever-increasing proportion of students who graduate with very high educational debt: a national mean of $000,000. High student debt has unintended consequences for students, the physician workforce, and health care access. Despite growing awareness of the problem, educational and policy leaders have not been able to develop sustainable, equitable solutions. In part, the stalemate is sustained by a fundamental unanswered question: When both the public and the student benefit from medical education, who should pay the financial costs? Dr. Phillips will discuss the history of medical student debt in the United States, its local and national consequences for students and the public, strengths and limitations of current programs, barriers to change, and possible solutions. Join us for Dr. Phillips' lecture on Wednesday, January 00, 0000 from noon till 0 pm in person or online: In person: The lecture will take place in East Fee Hall on MSU's East Lansing campus, in the Patenge Room (C000). Directions. Feel free to bring your lunch! Beverages and light snacks will be provided. Online: Here are some instructions for your first time joining the webinar, or if you have attended or viewed them before, go to the meeting! Julie Phillips, MD, MPH is an assistant professor of Family Medicine at Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, where she cares for patients and teaches medical students and residents. She studies medical education and ways it shapes the primary physician workforce, and is a national leader in research about the consequences of medical student debt. Her other research interests include inter-professional education, inter-professional collaboration, and intersections between mental health and primary care. She also leads the Family Medicine clerkship in the Lansing Community and mentors medical students who are interested in family medicine and family medicine research. Share this: Share Email Reddit Twitter Facebook Like this: Like Loading... Related Posted on December 00, 0000 October 0, 0000 by Center for Bioethics and Social JusticePosted in Bioethics Events, Brownbag & Webinar Series, Center News, Public Seminar Series, TeachingTagged bioethics, cost of medical school, Julie Phillips, medical student debt. 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https://msubioethics.com/2012/12/13/january-2013-bioethics-brownbag-webinar-julie-phillips-presents-on-the-impact-of-the-rising-costs-of-medical-school/?shared=email&msg=fail

msubioethics.com

Just heard that Del. Toscano's transit tax bill, HB 0000, has met its death in subcommittee. According to Toscano, the bill cannot "come back... Read more Rob's musical history Entertainment Schilling Show - January 00, 0000 0 Prior to politics and radio, Rob spent many years as a professional musician. Listen to and purchase Rob's CD, Sing a Psalm. Rob's first "real"... Read more A "crank" calls Rob to wish him ill Audio Schilling Show - January 00, 0000 0 Local crank, Barbara Rich, called Rob at home to gloat over his dismissal. You must hear this hilarious voicemail message. Read more The Schilling Show in the media Media Schilling Show - January 00, 0000 0 This is "where the news is made," indeed! Daily Progress columnist Bryan McKenzie opines on Rob's facial hair (Daily Progress Blog, August 00, 0000) The Schilling... Read more The Schilling Show on YouTube Media Schilling Show - January 00, 0000 0 The Schilling Show is always making news. See it now on our YouTube channel. Read more Dig our theme song Audio Schilling Show - January 00, 0000 0 Here's a mashup of three different versions (Doobie Bros., Take 0, Quincy Jones) of "Takin' it to the Streets," a description of the show...

https://www.schillingshow.com/page/97/

www.schillingshow.com

I've only been modeling online for a little over a year now.....and WOW it's so much more fun than I could have even imagined! Not to mention he naughty side of me is just gets off knowing there's strangers online who get to watch me do the dirty ;) This is just the beginning so make sure not to miss out on any my sexy adventures! Birthdate: Oct 0, 0000 Hair Color: Blonde Height: 0'00 Eye Color: Brown Stats: 00DDD-00-00 Ethnicity: Caucasian Tattoos: A Bunch! Lives In: Florida Piercings: Ears & belly button Exclusive: Yes Fav Position: Doggy Status: Single Fav Food: Pizza Aliases: None Trivia: Jana named her dog Ajax, after 'Francis' from Deadpool TWEET THIS Jana Fox's Updates Shower Play With: Jana Fox Tags: Amateur, Exclusive, Fingering, Masturbation, Voyeur, Wet I had so much fun filming photos and videos for you, but I am a little hot from it all so it's time to cool down with a nice shower.. Want to watch me get clean, shave my legs and maybe touch my pussy? Neon Fishnet With: Jana Fox Tags: Amateur, Big Tits, Blondes, Exclusive, Fingering, Fishnet, Inked, Masturbation, Self Shot, Tease I know how much you like Fishnet so I decided to make you a little video of me playing. With you always at work, I get lonely.. so maybe when you get home we can film a new video for my site? You know how much I miss your cock, baby! Don't make me beg for it! Waiting for You With: Jana Fox Tags: Amateur, Anal, Big Tits, Exclusive, Fingering, Inked, Masturbation, Self Shot, Tease I've been waiting all day for you to get home, so I slipped into something a little more comfortable.. I decided to snap some fun photos to txt you while you're in that silly meeting. Thinking of you getting hard is making me wet... come home quick, okay? Big Balloons With: Jana Fox Tags: Amateur, Big Tits, Blondes, Exclusive, Fingering, Inked, Lingerie, Masturbation, Tease What do you think of my big balloons? Would you like to touch them? Maybe.. press the against your face? 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Hand Hygiene and Respiratory EtiquetteEncourage handwashing with cleaning soap and water for at least 00 seconds. The virus that causes COVID-00 is assumed to spread largely person to person, by respiratory droplets released when an contaminated particular person talks, coughs, or sneezes. Another person can become contaminated if the droplets land in his or her mouth or nose and presumably if the droplets are inhaled into the lungs. The virus may also spread to hands from a contaminated surface and then to the nose, mouth, or probably eyes. Infected people can unfold the virus whether or not or not they have signs. A meandering wooden path has been constructed on the mudflat, allowing visitors to walk throughout the Red Beach. EPA has launched a collection of supplies states and communities can use to guard public well being during harmful algal bloom (HAB) outbreaks brought on by cyanobacteria. Conway is the county seat of Horry County, and has all of the appeal and beauty you'd expect of an older, Southern city. During the summer time, Dewey provides household activities including motion pictures and bonfires on the beach. The Resort's Gateway (Highway One), provides a "mile of fashion" at the famous Tanger Outlet Center as well as additional eating places, bars, outlets, rides, and points of interest. Establish procedures for safely transporting anybody who's sick to their house or to a healthcare facility. If you call 0-0-0, alert them that the individual may need COVID-00. Notify workers and the public of cases, beach closures, or beach restrictions (such as limited hours of operation) to slow the spread of the virus. Staggered or Rotated ShiftsStagger or rotate shifts to limit the number of staff current in the swim space on the same time, but make sure to meet health and security requirements. Communal SpacesStagger use of communal spaces (similar to limiting the number of people within the water and breakroom) and clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces a minimum of day by day and shared objects between users. Discourage staff and beach visitors from sharing objects similar to food, gear, toys, and provides with those they don't reside with. Shared ObjectsDiscourage workers and beach guests from sharing objects which might be tough to clean, sanitize, or disinfect or that should are available contact with the face (such as goggles, nose clips, and snorkels). Include messages (for example, videos) about behaviors that prevent the spread of virus when speaking with beach visitors (such as on web sites, in emails, and on social media). Virginia August 00 Covid-00 Update: 000 New Cases, 0 New Deaths Statewide, Hampton Roads' Cases Trending Down A series of free drive-in movies - organized under an initiative between the Port of Long Beach and the town - will proceed Tuesday evening, Aug. 00, and run through Sept. 0. Neighboring Dewey Beach is only a brief walk from Rehoboth Beach and sits between the Atlantic Ocean and Rehoboth Bay. Dewey provides beach sports activities and actions as well as great restaurants, majestic sunsets, reside music, dancing, and nightlife that's world well-known. What actually units this tiny island (it's just over 00 sq. miles) aside is its long, funky history. You'll discover Tybee just 00 minutes from historic downtown Savannah at the easternmost point of Georgia, a barrier island of broad, sandy beaches and a laid-again vibe with simply the correct quantity of weird. There are loads of resorts, but the picturesque pastel-coloured rental properties with white Bahama shutters and white picket fences will captivate you. The Chicago Park District manages the city's 00 miles of open and free lakefront for the enjoyment of Chicago residents and guests. City crews haul away a fence that had been put up to prevent gathering at Ocean Beach Veterans Plaza and was torn down Tuesday. In the previous, the Israeli Army has turned a blind eye to Palestinian laborers passing by way of the holes to achieve constructions jobs in Israel. But several West Bank Palestinians stated they couldn't recall a time when Israel allowed 0000's of families to cross via them to go to the beach. Azzam al-Naanaa, 00, a husky college safety guard from Nablus who was visiting Netanya, stated the last time he went to an Israeli beach was 00 years in the past. The beachgoers paid the drivers, took their seats and have been off. Shaima Jamous, heart, in rolled up jeans and a headscarf, with a good friend on her first day on the beach. Palestinians enjoying a rare day on the beach in Netanya, Israel, after Israel allowed them to slide across the border. Tens of thousands of Palestinians slipped by way of holes in Israel's safety barrier, with Israel's tacit approval, for a uncommon day on a Mediterranean beach. Fecal Bacteria Leads To Swimming Advisories At Six N.j. Beaches We invite you to use our commenting platform to have interaction in insightful conversations about issues in our community. We might permanently block any user who abuses these circumstances.

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Due to the COVID-00 virus outbreak, many of the Events you see on the calendar may be delayed or canceled.

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We regularly send out e-mails with details of upcoming courses and offers, if you do not want to receive these e-mails, check this box: * * Your e-mail address will only be used by Holiday Activities For Kids, it will not be passed on to any third party. Upcoming Courses Trent College/The Elms December 00 Mon. 00th Dec. - Fri. 00th Dec. Trent College/The Elms School Book NOW Mon. 00th Dec. - Thu. 00rd Dec. Trent College/The Elms School Book NOW Before You Book Please read our Guidance For Parents "Just a quick note to praise the HA0K team for an excellent summer" Mr and Mrs Goodache Jake really enjoyed the Easter camp. His favourite activities were the Tri-golf, gymnastics, making slime and archery. Just to name a few. Amazing experience! S. Glover "Kids have been to their first camp this week and absolutely loved it. Good variety of sports and activities, been to other camps and my daughter always complaining about too much football...not this one!" S. Rawlingson Lovely staff, quality equipment and nice venues. More unusual sports such as archery, fencing and scootability - My daughter loved the chance to have a go at these. A. Daykin My 0 boys loved their day full of activities and can't wait to come again! Thanks L. Hawkins My daughter had a great time and such an affordable cost for week.. T. Howden "Kids loved it and wanted to go back." S. Perrott My children have loved every minute of their time with HA0k! They have met new friends and enjoyed lots of different activities ranging from football, dodgeball and archery! Both children have asked to go again in all the holidays! Both children have said how nice the leaders are and best of all for me I have 0 smiley faces on both children! C. Hopcroft "My kids (Alana and Aidan) had a great time on Friday at the HA0K camp. They've asked already to go back in October." A. Betts "Max loved his couple of days at the HA0K Camp. Very professionally run and fantastic value for money!" H. Farrington My daughter has had a great time at her first holiday club, she's thoroughly enjoyed herself and looking forward to coming back in the future. Great job ha0k. J. Wood "My son has been attending your camps this week and he has really enjoyed himself. All the staff were very helpful and the activities seemed well organised. Please pass on our thanks to all involved." L. Hill "My kids absolutely loved their time at HA0K and are already asking if they can go for the upcoming half terms! I liked the fact there was an option of a longer session and also the time was 0:00 - 0:00 rather than the usual 0 - 0 that other holiday clubs offer." C. Meredith My son enjoyed all the activities on offer but he is very sporty. My more creative girl also loves HA0K because of the arty side of your holiday camps J. Elliott "My daughter very much enjoyed the camp at Ockbrook Cricket Club because there were plenty of activities. She also liked the fact that you weren't allowed to call out and basically she was saying that there was strong leadership at the camp. There were also breaks in the morning and afternoon." N. Gupta "Loved it - preferred to others. Staff very welcoming - made an anxious child feel very at ease." P. Seago My children loved the archery. It is good for them to do things they can't do at home. J. Selby My 0 year old loved it and will be going again. He said he enjoys it as it's fun and lots of good activities. Great value for money too

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The Mount Isa Mines Rotary Rodeo took out the Silver Award for best Festivals and Events at last night's 0000 Qantas Australian Tourism Awards in Perth. Isa Rodeo General Manager Ms Natalie Flecker said it was a great honour for the event to be recognized on the national stage for the second consecutive year. "We are very proud to represent Queensland in the Festivals and Events category, winning Gold at the 0000 awards and Silver in 0000," said Ms Flecker. "These awards recognize the pinnacle of tourism operators in the country and for our event, this is due to the valued contribution of many hundreds of people, not least our volunteers." Victoria's Riverboat Music Festival was awarded the Gold in the Festivals and Events category and Tasmania's The Unconformity awarded Bronze when the winners were announced across 00 categories at the awards presentation dinner at the Optus Stadium in Perth on Friday night (February 00). The awards draw together more than 000 tourism business representatives from across the country along with Federal and State Tourism Ministers, CEOs of State and Regional tourism bodies and tourism industry leaders. Ms Flecker paid tribute to the support of the rodeo's naming sponsor, Mount Isa Mines and other valued sponsors and the local community, Rotary, the Board and hundreds of volunteers. The 0000 Diamond Jubilee 00th Anniversary Rodeo will be held from August 0 to 00, with preparations already well underway, including the Rodeo Queen Quest whose entrants have raised millions of dollars for local charities as diverse as the Royal Flying Doctor's Service, the Police Citizens Youth Club (PCYC), North Queensland Rescue Helicopter Service, the Laura Johnson Home and BUSHkids community health organisation. The Mount Isa Mines Rotary Rodeo is supported by the Queensland Government through Tourism and Events Queensland and promoted as part of the It's Live! in Queensland event calendar. Visit www.isarodeo.com.au. www.facebook.com/isarodeo; www.instagram.com/isarodeo, www.twitter.com/isarodeo and www.youtube.com/isarodeo. For media assistance, please contact: Susan Fuller, Synergy PR M: 0000 000 000 E: [email protected] Post navigation ← Rodeo committee thanks retiring Treasurer Two legends meet head to head! Jimmy Barnes to rock 00th Isa Rodeo → MOUNT ISA TRIP PLANNER Get the most out of your trip to Mount Isa and beyond Plan Your Trip We're back 00-00th August 0000 Stay Covid Safe Click here for everything you need to know about being COVID safe at the Mount Isa Mines Rodeo Rodeo News Get the latest news, results and special offers direct to your inbox Name First Last Email Comments This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Get Our FREE APP! Download the Mount Isa Mines Rodeo FREE App! Get The App! let's get Social! Connect with us on Social Media and always get the latest news and special offers direct to your mobile. #isarodeo This Rodeo would not be possible without the support of our Partners & Sponsors View All Our SPONSORS Get In Touch! +00 (00) 0000 0000 Buchanan Park Events Complex, George St & Sutton St. PO Box 000, Mount Isa Qld 0000 [email protected] About Us The Mount Isa Mines Rodeo is the largest annual rodeo event in the Southern Hemisphere. This not-for-profit event is a packed program of rodeo events and non-stop entertainment. Legendary, since 0000!

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As a result, U.K. companies have been able to use the same supply chain as U.G.s, including purchasing the same equipment. But now U.Y.s is looking to improve its own supply chain. Tags: medical science clearing, medical science supplies Post navigation PREVIOUS Previous post: ‘It's not about a race': Trudeau on the future of Canadian health care NEXT Next post: Why We're Being Loved By Medical Students and What It Means For You Related Post Medical science essay from an AAS paperMedical science essay from an AAS paper Health is a science, it is not a hobby, the article Medical science is a big subject.There are many disciplines that study it, including medicine, psychology, neuroscience, biochemistry, chemistry, physiology, READ MOREREAD MORE Which of these is your favourite medical science?Which of these is your favourite medical science? Medical science is a very important field of research.It's a field that offers a wide range of exciting opportunities, and the ability to apply it to different kinds of problems READ MOREREAD MORE How to build a better body from scratchHow to build a better body from scratch I've been trying to do the same thing for years.I wanted to build my body from the ground up and I wanted it to look great.But after years of trying, READ MOREREAD MORE Search for: Recent Posts How to deal with a new diagnosis How to make your own cryptocurrency in a day How to get a better understanding of the science of astro-medical science How to make a nuclear medical medical science curriculum New evidence suggests that high-risk pregnancies are being misdiagnosed by doctors Tags 0 medical sciences 00s medical science 0000 medical sciences aa medical science about medical science acu medical science allied medical science amritha medical science biomedical medical science b medical science boss medical science bs medical science current medical science decision sciences medical define medical science liberty medical science medical audiology sciences medical device science medical library science medical science affiliates medical science cambridge medical science club medical science degree medical science fiction medical science griffith medical science images medical science macquarie medical science news medical science ppt medical science publications medical sciences edinburgh medical sciences naish medical science stocks medical science sydney medical science symbol medical science today medical science university medical science uwa medical science uws msu medical science oxford medical sciences turkish medical science ua medical sciences ucl medical sciences upsc medical science

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EL PASO, Texas - A cathedral in El Paso was vandalized while the church was open and available for prayer Tuesday morning. The Diocese of El Paso says a suspect came into the sanctuary at St. Patrick Cathedral around 00 a.m. and destroyed an almost 00-year-old statue of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, which was located in the center behind the main altar. "I am in shock and we at the Cathedral are heartbroken over such an unexpected situation," said The Rector of St. Patrick Cathedral, Fr. Trini Fuentes. The suspect has been detained by the El Paso Police Department, officials said. "This statue is one of my favorite representations of Jesus - his arms open wide in welcome, his heart aflame with love for us. I would often take inspiration from this image as I prepared for Mass," said Bishop Seitz. "As sad as I am to see a statue attacked and destroyed, I am grateful that it was not a living person. But a statue, particularly this statue, concretizes and connects us to persons and ideals that are not visible to our eyes. They reveal to us realities that are close to us, but unseen." Officers are currently continuing their investigation into the vandalism. "At this point we do not know anything about the person who carried out this assault, but he certainly must be a person who is greatly disturbed to have attacked this peaceful place in our city and this image of the King of Peace. I hope this might be the impetus for him to receive the help he needs. He will be in my prayers," Bishop Seitz continued. "I am devastated at this irreplaceable loss as I know members of this parish community and the whole Church of El Paso will be. At this moment we will reach out in confidence to the One this statue represented and I know he will console us." This story was first reported by Sydney Isenberg at KXXV in Waco, Texas. Copyright 0000 Scripps Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

https://www.kjrh.com/news/national/cathedral-in-texas-vandalized-90-year-old-statue-destroyed

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This week has been a bit of a roller-coaster, I've had a couple of great days of productivity ploughing through my big 0 tasks with aplomb, swiftly followed by a much poorer day of interruptions. And repeat. I finally got a chance to relax and sit down with my son to finish my Voltron LEGO model. It's quite the beastrobot. Our house renovations are almost finished. Hopefully the final snags and touch-ups will be completed next week. We finally got the furniture in so I'm looking forward to spending more time in my new reading chair. We also continued my Dad's birthday celebrations. All my brothers' visited with their kids and partners so we went out for a meal and then spent a few more hours catching up and reminiscing. Reading Progress We had our book club call on Wednesday. I think it was our best and most interesting discussion to date. We were talking about Daring Greatly. I think it's a really important book, but I have to confess I found in hard to read in some ways. There's a lot of depth that I think I need to reflect upon and read again to fully appreciate everything Brené Brown has to teach from her research. It is safe to say that it has made quite an impression and I have much work to do to find my way toward living more Wholeheartedly. A week in Stoicism We are made for cooperation; it is better to build others up rather than tear them down. We should be community-minded. We're all living on the same planet. Find ways to improve the self-confidence of others, and through that, perhaps find more of your own. "So someone's good at taking down an opponent but that doesn't make them more community-minded, or modest, or well-prepared for any circumstance, or more tolerant of the faults of others." Marcus Aurelius Topics: weeknotes Let's stay in touch If you want to make sure you don't miss out on my latest articles, you should subscribe to my monthly newsletter where I also share my latest thinking.

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It was to be a major undertaking, and one that was not truly completed until 0000 when Alan Rowe, a later director of the Museum, pumped out the ground water filling the lowest level and recorded what he found. This problem of water was known in antiquity, and it is no accident that the complex was dug into one of Alexandria's few elevations. Hypogeum Funerary Shaft The descent into Hypogeum is by a spiral staircase cut in antiquity round a huge circular shaft. This served several functions. It was by means of this well that the bodies of the deceased could be lowered to their final resting place and it also provided a source of light and ventilation for the tomb. As we shall see, while the dead may have been sealed into their graves, the tomb itself was not kept closed. The living could and did have access much as today one might visit a cemetery to pay respects to someone who has passed on. During the actual digging of the complex, the shaft also served as a passage through which the excavated stone could be extracted. Just over three quarters of the way down the stairs there is a small square opening in the outer wall. Through this can be seen a massive cistern, which was used to collect drainage water from the surface. The heavy rains that Alexandria can experience during winter posed another threat of flooding and guttering was installed to channel this water away from the tomb and into the cistern. From here it could be taken to serve in rites associated with the funerary cult. At some point in antiquity, however, this cistern lost its original function, and a doorway was cut through from the central shaft. The space was then used for additional burials, and it was discovered the mummified body of a woman bearing some fragments of gold jewellery in one of the sarcophagi. Vestibule at Level 0 The stairs open out into what has traditionally been known as the Vestibule, a brief passage between the central shaft and the Rotunda. Slight traces of alabaster flooring can still be seen, evidence that this was no pauper's grave. On either side are small semi-circular niches, each of which houses a bench and is vaulted in the form of a cockle shell. The Rotunda at Level 0 This circular chamber originally led only to the left, into the triclinium, and straight ahead, down to the principal tomb. Other sets of tombs were cut into the walls as and when more space was required. In the centre there is another shaft surrounded by six pillars joined by a low parapet. This secondary shaft reaches down to the third underground level, now submerged, but the purpose of this lower passageway remains somewhat of a mystery. It was at the bottom of this shaft that a team of German archaeologists in 0000 discovered five portrait statues, two of which were on display in the Greco - Roman Museum. One is of a man wearing a sort of crown, on the front of which there is an emblem incised with seven lines. This sign has allowed him to be identified as a priest of Serapis, the greatest of all the gods at Alexandria. The other is a white marble portrait of the Empress Julia Longina, with a foolish face and aquiline nose. Her abundant hair is braided and tied at the back of her skull but spills out in a great wreath of tight curls that frames her face from temple to temple. Such a style is typical of the Flavian era (AD 00 to AD 00). She was the wife of Domitian, who reigned from AD 00 until AD 00, when he was assassinated by the Praetorian Guard at the behest of the Senate. His authoritarian rule had been so hated that his nephews were dropped from the line of succession in favour of the aged Nerva. Because of this it is highly unlikely that the head of his wife would have been publicly exhibited after his death but just how it came to be lying at the bottom of the Rotunda is not known. The Triclinium at Level 0 To the left, the Rotunda opens into a large chamber, 0.0 metres wide and 0 metres deep. This is the triclinium or dining room which was used for meals in honour of the dead and is no different from rooms used for the same purpose and at much the same period at Pompeii. Here the builders had the sensible idea of raising the central section of the ceiling by a metre, thus giving a greater feeling of spaciousness. Without this, the atmosphere would be positively claustrophobic. Nevertheless, the general impression of solidity is further emphasized by the stout pillars at each corner of the bed platform. As with every feature of these catacombs, they have been hewn from the rock itself nothing is truly built here. At about head-height on the front two pillars there is a small cavity into which torches would have been fixed providing extra lighting for the diners. These diners would have reclined, three on each section of the platform, around a central table. The figure nine, the number of the Muses, was considered as an auspicious number for dinner though several others could have been accommodated on the outer parts of the bed towards the wall. Given the limited number that could fit, it is reasonable to say that it was only the immediate family of the deceased who gathered for these commemorative feasts. Aside from the fortieth day after death, the departed's birthday was marked plus specific ceremonial days dictated by the Greek and Roman calendars. The Principal Tomb at Level 0 Leaving the dining room and passing through the Rotunda, on the left a staircase leads down to the principal tomb, the bizarre and striking centerpiece of Kom el Shoqafa. As the steps descend, they split to bypass a sort of protuberance known as the Prompter's Box. This is another entry to the third underground level. Standing in front of this we are faced with a veritable little funerary temple complete with antechamber - the pronaos - set before the inner sanctum, the naos. The effect of this being a separate chapel is all the more real as the constructors detached it on all four sides from the rock and, depending on the water level, one can walk all the way round. It was, in fact, by way of this back passage that bodies were placed in the rock-cut sarcophagi. The facade of the antechamber is very much in the Egyptian style. Two columns and two pilasters support a curved pediment bearing a solar disc and, beneath a denticulated cornice, a frieze with two representations of the falcon, Horus, looking inwards at the spread wings of another solar disc, flanked by two cobras. The columns and pilasters are similarly decorated, with a pattern of papyrus leaves on the bases and a mixture of lotus, papyrus and acanthus buds on the capitals. Stepping inside, however, the styles begin to mix. The two niches, one on either side, are in the form of rectangular, pharaonic doorways but the figures they frame are more complex. While both, the woman to the left and the man to the right are in a hieratic pose - left leg forward, arms pressed firmly to the sides as if manoeuvring a wheelbarrow - the rendering of the heads is quite individualised, in the Greco - Roman tradition. The man's features and tousled hair are reminiscent of a statue exhibited in the Museum while the braided hair tied in a bun of the female figure is typical of Roman women from the end of the first century AD. The confusion of style continues on either side of the doorway into the central chamber. Here we have the bearded serpents, representing Agathodamon, who was a benevolent Greco - Roman divinity. They hold a caduceus, the symbol of Hermes Psychopompus, who guided the souls of the dead to the hereafter, and a thyrsus, the symbol of Dionysus, who also had connections with life after death. All seemingly consistent, and yet they wear on their heads the pharaonic double crown of Upper and Lower Egypt. Above each is a shield bearing the head of Medusa, the Gorgon, who had the terrifying ability literally to petrify all who looked her in the eyes. This emblem is found on numerous Alexandrian sarcophagi, some of which can be seen in the garden of Kom el Shoqafa, and its purpose was to discourage grave robbers, turning to stone anyone who penetrated the burial chamber with evil intentions. The Funeral Chamber at Level 0 Risking the wrath of Medusa, we can now step into the funeral chamber, the resting place of the initiators of this complex. There are three sarcophagi tightly packed into this tiny chapel, and the walls above each are busy with high relief carvings of Egyptian religious scenes. The principal sarcophagus, following a plan repeated in other necropoli, is that which lies transversely and opposite to the entrance; and on its front are wreaths and garlands plus the heads of Medusa, to the left, and Silenus, Dionysus' bawdy attendant, to the right. Most significant, though, is the figure of a reclining woman. This has often been interpreted as an image of the deceased and thus the same woman who stands to the left of the pronaos. Above, on the wall of the recess, a mummified Osiris lies on a lion-shaped bed under which are three Canopic jars. These held the innards of the eviscerated dead. From left to right there is the dog-headed Duamutef for the stomach, the anthropoid Amset for the liver and Qebehsenuf, the falcon, which held the intestines. There should be four such jars - one more for the lungs. The fourth does turn up in another scene but the initial mistake is intriguing. Behind the bed, the dog-headed god of the dead and embalming, Anubis, is in attendance. At either end there is the ugly ibis, Thoth, god of writing, knowledge and much besides, and Horus, a figure of authority with his sceptre and double crown of all Egypt. All three appear to be holding a pot, possibly full of embalming unguents. The left- and right-hand sarcophagi do not have any potentially identifying figure but are decorated with garlands and dangling bunches of grapes, one of the symbols of Dionysus. In the centre is an ox skull and, on either side, a Medusa. Above, the central scenes are the same in both recesses: the bull god Apis stands on a pedestal and is being presented with a large necklace by a figure dressed as a pharaoh. To the rear of Apis, we see a goddess, possibly Isis, holding the Feather of Truth in her hand and spreading her wings in a gesture of protection. The lateral scenes, however, are slightly different. The right-hand recess, left-hand wall, shows a bare-chested man (pharaoh-emperor) with a nemes headdress holding the Feather of Truth towards a mummified Osiris, whose cartonnage is decorated with separate little patterns. Between them stands an altar. The opposite panel depicts two mummies holding staffs and separated, once again, by an altar. One of them seems to have a monkey's face and thus might represent Hapi, the fourth of the Canopic divinities and the one that is missing from under the bed of Osiris. Above the altar is another cartouche of illegible hieroglyphs. The left-hand recess, right-hand wall, shows the pharaoh-emperor, with a hem hem on top of his nerves, and a mummified Osiris. The left-hand lateral panel has two mummies facing each other. One, wearing a heavy wig, is unidentified while the other is easily recognisable as Qebehsenuf, the falcon-headed Canopic god. On leaving this chamber one can see two rather formidable figures carved on either side of the doorway. These are both representations of Anubis. To the right, he is dressed as a Roman legionary wearing a short kilt, leaning on his lance and holding a shield with his right hand. Though at first sight he may appear bare-chested, he is in fact wearing a breast-plate. Across this is strung a belt from which a sword hangs down behind the hips. The second figure bears the atef crown with ram's horns on his dog head and also has the accoutrements of a Roman soldier: breast-plate, kilt, lance. This time, however, only the torso is human, the legs being replaced by a long, twisting serpents tail which is reminiscent of the Agathodxmons on the other side of this wall. They stand guard, looking towards the door, protecting the tomb from intruders.

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Although the venue does not hold a marraige licence, we do offer our pavilion for you to hold a ceremony with a celebrant of your choice. Our corkage charge is designed for you to go to a supplier of your choice. We charge per person for this not per bottle. This is for you to bring alcohol onto our site and for us to dispose of the bottles. Please note as we have our own bar on site the wine you purchase must only be for the day guests. No other alcohol is to be brought onto the premises. We can at any time you wish open the bar for those guests who would prefer an alternative to wine.

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We put the fun in seeing beyond the bits and pieces of what make up Malaysia by adding our own twist of fantasy and creative imagination.

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Do you want to uncover the secrets of space? Do you know that the universe keeps expanding every day? If yes, then you probably didn't know that we earthlings were created because some planets have a ridiculous number of moons. Jump right into this section to discover more fun facts about space. Space Trivia Quiz Fun Facts Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz Mars is slower and more distant from the Sun. Thus, a full circuit takes 000 Earth days (which is one Mars year). The tallest mountain in the solar system is located on mars. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz It takes Venus longer to turn once on its axis than to complete one orbit (cycle) of the Sun. Meaning, A day on Venus is longer than one year on earth. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz Mercury is the nearest planet to the Sun, and the most cratered planet in the solar system. It's also the smallest planet in our solar system. Mercury has an orbital period around the Sun of 00 days. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz Asteroids are pieces of rock and debris believed to be from long, destroyed planets. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz A light-year is a unit of distance the light travels in one human year. The calculation as following: Multiply the number of seconds in one year by the distance that light travels in one second (000,000 miles or 000,000 km). The result: one light-year, which is about 0.00 trillion miles (0.0 trillion km). Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz Pluto has way more frozen water than scientists initially thought. It was discovered on February 00th, 0000. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz Neptune has the coldest overall average temperature, and Uranus has the coldest temperature ever recorded. Pluto is categorized as a dwarf planet and not a regular planet since it is much smaller, but Pluto was the planet furthest away from the Sun and also the coldest. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz A satellite is every star or other object that orbits around a larger object. Jupiter is so massive that it has 00 moons. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz The Sun, like other stars, is a ball of gas. It is made of 00.0% hydrogen and 0.0% helium. The Sun's core is about 0000 times hotter than its surface. The Sun's temperature is 0,000°F, which is equal to 0,000 °C. Fun Fact Space Trivia Quiz A total of 000 people from 00 countries have gone into space. 00 of them walked on the moon. BTW - a full NASA space suit costs $00,000,000.

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This is the Rose City in Petra, Jordan. To process this image the Recovery slider was set to 000. Normally this adjustment is used to recover detail lost in the highlights. In this image the highlights were not blown out however the Recovery adjustment was used to tone down the harsh brightness of the sun. The other main adjustment was to add some subtle split toning to give the rock its rose colour.

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Welcome to the Earthdata User Forum! Here, subject matter experts from several NASA Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC) can discuss general questions, research needs and data applications. Users can query how to access, view and interpret the data.

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Sorry, you have Javascript Disabled! To see this page as it is meant to appear, please enable your Javascript! Latest News हिंदी समाचार Nagpur Crime Happening Nagpur मराठी बातम्या Menu Skip to content | | Contact: 0000000000 | Home " High Court to decide age of Govindas, height of Dahi Handi Published On : Tue, Aug 0st, 0000 Latest News / Nagpur Happening News | Nagpur | By Nagpur Today High Court to decide age of Govindas, height of Dahi Handi Nagpur: Concerned over the safety of the young and zealous Govindas who risk their lives during the Dahi Handi revelry, the Supreme Court has directed the Bombay High Court to hold hearing on the matter afresh and decide whether the age of participants could be below 00 years or not. The hearing on the issue will now be held on August 0. The apex court directive comes after an affidavit filed by Maharashtra Government on the issue of safety of Govindas. The High Court will also decide whether the height of Dahi Handi could be more than 00 feet or not. This year the Dahi Handi is going to be celebrated on August 00. In the affidavit filed by Maharashtra Government, it has informed the Supreme Court that the Police Commissioner has issued directions to Dahi Handi organisers to make arrangements of layers of pads or mattresses. The organisers have also been directed to insure the Govindas and also provide them with safety gadgets such as chest guards, helmets and safety belts. Registration of participants is must. First aid and ambulance should be in place. Participants under the influence of liquor should be barred from Dahi Handi celebrations. Prior permission from civic bodies, police and fire brigade is mandatory for organisation of Dahi Handi celebrations. Stating Dahi Handi as a festival in Maharashtra, the State Government had sought permission from Supreme Court for participation of children below 00 years. Notably, the Supreme Court last year had banned those below 00 from participating in the dangerous Dahi Handi celebration and limited the height of human pyramids to 00 feet. Despite the ban, the apex court had continued to voice scepticism at the near-impossible task of verifying the age of the Dahi Handi participants and heights of human pyramids in the frenzied celebrations due to begin shortly in Maharashtra. The Dahi Handi ceremony is annually held on Janmasthami, the birthday of Lord Krishna. It involves forming a human pyramid and breaking an earthen pot filled with buttermilk tied on a string at the top. The petitioner had agreed to curb the children below 00 years of age from participating in the revelry but the restriction on the height should be done away. Dahi Handi is famous in foreign countries. The heights of human pyramids have entered the Guinness Book of Records. However, during the hearing, the Supreme Court had posed a question: Have the organisers won medals in Olympics? We would be happy if you win medals. The Supreme Court had upheld the Bombay High Court order barring children below 00 years and limiting the height of Dahi Handi to 00 feet. The festival sees neck-to-neck competition and heavy wagers. Young children without safety harness are often employed to climb the human pyramid, which can go up to 00 feet. Accidents, often fatal, had led to the Child Rights Commission frame safety guidelines in February 0000. Post navigation ← मनपा की ‘अभय योजना' की... Zumba workshop held at SRWC → Tweet A SiteOrigin Theme Contact Us Nagpur Police Online Complaints | Nagpur Municipal Corporation Online Complaint | Petrol Diesel Price Today in Nagpur | Nagpur University Results Note: This is to inform that nagpurtoday.in has no official whatapps group. We are not related to any whatapps group with similar names. Nagpur Today | Nagpur Breaking, Business, Sports, Technology, Video and Entertainment News. Copyright @ 0000 Nagpur Police Online Complaints | Nagpur Municipal Corporation Online Complaint | Petrol Diesel Price Today in Nagpur Nagpur University Results | Nagpur-News | Contact Us | Terms of use | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | Grievance Redressal

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Let me begin with a little recent history. In the fall of 0000, a small and fragile-looking Bengali monk, the saffron robes of a sannyasi wound about him, disembarked from a nondescript Indian freighter out of Calcutta onto the wharves of Manhattan. He was quite alone; he had observed his seventieth birthday at sea, and his assets, beyond a parcel of personal items, consisted of the cash equivalent of seven dollars and a trunk packed with crudely printed volumes of the first canto of Srimad-Bhagavatam, the Sanskrit devotional classic he had begun translating into English and publishing at his own expense during the ten years preceding this improbable journey. Abhay CharanaRavindra Bhaktivedanta Swami, later known to his followers as Srila Prabhupada, found himself - providentially, they say - at the right place and the right time. Celebrated as the 'downtown' Swami of the Lower East Side in the annus mirabilis of 0000, he swiftly attracted admirers and then followers largely from the counterculture's explorers of the outer limits. He accommodated as little as possible to the consuetude of modern America. [0] It is a measure of the cultural distance his disciples had to travel that they had to drop out not once but twice: from 'straight' society into the counterculture, from counterculture into the organisation prolepticly named the International Society for Krsna Consciousness (ISKCON). But 'reversal is the movement of the Tao'. In going farther out, Prabhupada's followers found themselves coming back in: they shaved their heads close, rose daily before dawn to chant and pray, abstained from the flesh of animals, gave up the use of licit and illicit drugs, and even in wedlock avoided sex. Having gone farther out than the far-out, they became straighter than the straight. In time, Prabhupada's students began to grasp that they had joined a formidable religious establishment in its own right, that Prabhupada was grooming them painstakingly to become heirs to an ancient and venerable spiritual tradition, and scrupulous fidelity to its teachings and practices was of central importance to Prabhupada. He himself was simply a conduit; he claimed to act as nothing more than the servant of his guru, Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura, who had in turn been the servant of his guru, Gaura Kisora dasa Babaji, who similarly had served Bhaktivinoda Thaktura, and so on. In the introduction to Bhagavad-gita As It Is Prabhupada listed a historical succession of spiritual teachers, going back to Krsna Himself. [0] This list was Prabhupada's credentials, the source of his teaching authority. Thus, even though the International Society for Krsna Consciousness emerged as a radical novelty and still finds itself in the situation of a 'new religious movement', it is actually a contemporary of a branch of one of the four long-established Vaishnava traditions of India, a branch bearing the formal title of the Brahma-Madhva-Gaudiya sampradaya. This tradition or community (sampradaya) traced itself back in historic times to the great Vaishnava theologian and religious leader Madhva (0000-0000), then more recently through Caitanya Mahaprabhu (0000-0000), who reformed and revitalised the tradition in Bengal (hence Gaudiya, from Gauda-desa, an old name for Bengal). [0] The historical tendency of Vaishnavism has been the increasing enfranchisement of spiritually disenfranchised people. The traditional teachings of 'Hinduism' hold that only men born into priestly (brahman) or occasionally royal (ksatriya) families can directly attain liberation. But the Vaishnava traditions teach that the Lord responds to sincere bhakti, devotional service, with a grace that destroys all the impediments produced by bad karma. Thus Krsna says in Bhagavad-gita that by taking shelter of him, women, merchants, and labourers - all traditionally considered ineligible for liberation - can attain the 'supreme destination' (0.00). Srimad-Bhagavatam goes even further, saying that devotional service will elevate even dog-eaters - that is, untouchables - to the highest position in Aryan culture and render them qualified to perform Vedic sacrifices (0.00.0-0). (These verses were spoken by Devahuti, who, like Queen Kunti, is one of the great women devotees in the Bhagavatam whose words are scripture.) Another Bhagavatam verse (0.0.00) names various untouchable communities - Europeans, Turks, Arabs, Chinese, and some assorted tribal peoples -and says that these and those even more sinful can be saved by 'taking shelter of one who has taken shelter of the Lord.' Putting these texts into practice, Caitanya Mahaprabhu shocked the rigid and exclusive Hindu society of his time; he propagated devotional service everywhere, indiscriminately, and he offered both respect and high positions of leadership to followers like Thakura Haridasa, a Muslim by birth, and Rupa and Sanatana Goswami, brahmans who had lost caste by serving in the Muslim government of Bengal. When Srila Prabhupada later came to America and put the sacred thread of brahman over the shoulders of foreigners, he simply implemented something already part of the tradition; he was on firm scriptural grounds, and he eventually succeeded in getting his actions accepted back home. [0] In spite of the cultural boundaries he had to cross, Prabhupada endeavoured greatly to maintain the integrity and continuity of the tradition. Thomas Hopkins, an authority on Vaishnavism who happened to encounter ISKCON in its very first days, found the eventual completeness of Prabhupada's transmission remarkable - although Hopkins understands Prabhupada's achievement in quite different terms from those who actually accepted what Prabhupada brought. Hopkins says: 'What became evident was that Bhaktivedanta Swami did, in fact, have a plan which he was gradually implementing - a plan that involved bringing more and more of the authentic tradition over from India and putting it in place in the American, or Western, movement. He made his students more and more familiar with the philosophy. This I was expecting . What I did not expect, and what really surprised and pleased me, was the degree to which the ritual tradition was also brought over and put into place. That's something that no other movement has succeeded in doing, nor even really tried to do: transplanting a traditional Hindu ritual structure into a Hindu religious movement in America.' [0] With all the exotic trappings of 'a traditional Hindu ritual structure' thus in place, ISKCON appears to many to be heavily freighted with culturally conditioned forms and hence to exemplify sectarianism with a vengeance. It stands in contrast to advaita vedanta, that earlier Indian export, whose philosophical abstractions and non-devotional orientation make it appear universal, nonsectarian, and free from adventitious cultural and historical accretions. Yet even after Prabhupada had everything in place, the Western youth who joined ISKCON never thought of themselves as 'converting' to something called 'Hinduism' or as participating in 'a traditional Hindu ritual structure'. The majority of them, I would say, had explored Eastern mysticism and had some familiarity with, and even commitment to, the ideas of advaita vedanta, yet they did not think that in adopting ISKCON's practices they were plunging into the historically conditioned forms of a particular religious sect. Indeed, they usually did not think of themselves as practising something called 'a religion' at all. Prabhupada managed quite compellingly to convey an altogether different vision. He did not function on a platform in which he saw himself as practising some particular 'religion' over and against other 'religions'. His outlook was different, which was hard for some people - reporters, perhaps, most of all - to grasp. I witnessed a revealing interchange in the early seventies. Prabhupada had finished an arrival press conference at Kennedy airport and, trailed by an entourage of disciples, was heading down a long concourse toward the exit, when a tardy television reporter came running up frantically, a huffing cameraman in tow. Thrusting a microphone in Prabhupada's face, the reporter gasped out: 'How does your group differ from other Buddhists?' Looking the reporter in the eye, Prabhupada said, 'We have nothing to do with this Hinduism or Buddhism. We are teaching the truth, and if you are truthful, you will accept it.' Flustered and bewildered, the reporter tried to get his question across to Prabhupada, but in vain. He did not know he had encountered the famous elusiveness of spiritual teachers. As Northrop Frye has pointed out, such teachers have their reasons for refusing to answer questions: 'To answer a question . is to consolidate the mental level on which the question is asked.' [0] Prabhupada did not operate on the mental level in which the word 'religion' refers to a collection of particular historical faiths - Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam etc. These denominations were of no relevance. To Prabhupada, 'religion' was dharma, not some faith. He often explained that the root meaning of dharma is 'that which sustains one's existence'. [0] Dharma thus denotes the essential nature of something: the dharma of sugar is to be sweet, of fire to be hot. And, Prabhupada taught, it is the dharma, the essential nature, of each living entity, each soul, to render service to the Supreme Soul. It is our innate and natural activity. Thus, religion in the sense of dharma denotes a particular faith, which begins and ends in time, and which one can adopt or abandon at will. Dharma has a further important implication: religion cannot denote some specialised activity partitioned off from one's life. It cannot rightly mean, in fact, precisely what it has come to mean only in modern times, as Wilfred Cantwell Smith has so well shown: an addendum to human life, an extra appendage to our ordinary activities. [0] Dharma allows no separation between our religion and our life. This pre-modern concept of religion gives ISKCON that all-absorbing and self-contained character that disturbs so many. ISKCON has no place among the religions of modernity that orbit the huge planetary mass of Western secular culture like so many satellites. Rather, ISKCON is a complete alternative culture, a spiritual culture aimed at the total sacralisation of human life, without remainder. According to Gaudiya Vaisnava teachings, that complete realisation of dharma is attained only in pure bhakti, pure devotional service to the Lord. A central text for our discussion here occurs early on in Srimad-Bhagavatam. A group of sages, gathered in the holy place of Naimisaranya to perform sacrifices, placed a number of questions before the great authority Suta Gosvami. Among them was this (0.0.00): 'There are many varieties of scriptures, and in all of them there are many prescribed duties, which can be learned only after many years of study in their various divisions. Therefore, O sage, please select the essence of all these scriptures and explain it for the good of all living beings, that by such instructions their hearts may be fully satisfied.' [0] Suta Gosvami answers (0.0.0): 'The supreme occupation (dharma) for all humanity is that by which men can attain to loving devotional service unto the transcendent Lord. Such devotional service must be unmotivated and uninterrupted to completely satisfy the self.' The para dharma, the supreme religion or occupation, which is the essential instruction of all scripture, is defined as bhakti, loving devotional service to the Lord. It is intended for all humanity without restriction. Further, the specific standard of that bhakti is delineated: it must be unmotivated, that is, performed without any consideration of material or even spiritual return, and it must be uninterrupted, that is, every activity of life must be done so as to be service to God. The criterion for accepting or rejecting any particular historical faith, then, is simply how much it inculcates pure bhakti. Bhakti is the original, natural, and innate activity of the soul, and to be engaged in uncovering that activity is not a matter of allegiance to this or that faith but of rediscovering one's true self. God ceaselessly acts throughout the creation to help conditioned souls recover their real selves. God descends repeatedly, Bhagavad-gita says (0.0-0), in age after age, whenever dharma goes into decline and ungodly people prevail. In each case, his mission is to re-establish dharma, to protect the godly, and to disclose to the world something of himself. In commenting on 0.0, Prabhupada writes: 'Each and every avatara, or incarnation of the Lord, has a particular mission, and they are all described in the revealed scriptures. No one should be accepted as an avatara unless he is referred to by scriptures. It is not a fact that the Lord appears only on Indian soil. He can manifest Himself anywhere and everywhere, and whenever He desires to appear. In each and every incarnation, He speaks as much about religion as can be understood by the particular people under their particular circumstances. But His mission is the same - to lead people to God consciousness and obedience to the principles of religion. Sometimes He descends personally, and sometimes He sends His bona fide representative in the form of His son, or servant, or Himself in some disguised form.' [00] A little further on (0.00), Krsna adds: 'As all surrender unto Me, I reward (bhajami) them accordingly. Everyone follows My path in all respects.' This statement grants no particular tradition exclusive franchise on truth: 'Everyone follows My path in all respects.' But neither does it indiscriminately endorse any and all forms of religiosity. Instead, it offers a principle by which one can discriminate among (or within) them: 'As all surrender unto Me, I reward them according.' The word bhajami, translated here as 'I reward', has many implications. It is formed from the verbal root bhaj, meaning to distribute or share. Bhakti is formed from the same root, and bhajami also means to serve in love, or to worship. Here Krsna has stated a principle of equitable divine reciprocation. In proportion to the degree of our surrender to him, he 'rewards' us - he gives or distributes himself - reveals himself - even so far as to enter into reciprocal relationships so intimate that 'worship' is an accurate reading of bhajami. The nature of pure bhakti has been further elucidated by the analysis of Rupa Gosvami, a direct disciple of Caitanya Mahaprabhu and one of the 'Six Gosvamis of Vrindavan' , whose writings established Gaudiya Vaisnava doctrine. Rupa Gosvami says that pure devotion (bhaktir uttama) means service rendered to Krsna in a favourable way that is free from all extraneous desires and from all taint of karma, acts done with a view towards enjoying the results, and jnana, philosophical speculation leading toward monistic self-deification. [00] In the traditional Indian context, karma and jnana refer to specific forms of religious life. ('Religious', that is, to us today; to those so engaged, it was just life.) Karma indicates the discharge of the cycle of duties prescribed in the Vedas, especially the performance of Vedic ritualistic sacrifices (yajna); the result of the correct execution of these acts was future enjoyment of the goods of life, in this birth and those to come. Karma is this-worldly; elevation through karma to the heavens of the demigods brings a vastly superior and prolonged enjoyment of the senses, although it finally ends. The culture of karma in India reached its apotheosis in the school of the karma-mimamsa, which held that the yajna in itself had the power to bring about the desired ends; it compels even the gods. Jnana, by contrast, indicates the pursuit of liberation - release from all karma - through the renunciation of all desires, the cessation of all activities, and the total absorption of the intellect in a radical theology of negation, thereby achieving dissolution of individual identity in a mystical union with an undifferentiated absolute spirit. Jnana is radically other-worldly: this world is rejected as false, unreal, or non-existent, something with which the absolute spirit has no causal or ontological relation at all. At least this is the case in the advaita vedanta propagated by the ninth-century thinker Sankara, in whom the culture of jnana finds its most complete 'Hindu' exposition. It is clear that the platform of jnana arises in a reaction against karma; bhakti in turn seeks to go beyond both. What becomes interesting is the way the relation of these three exhibits the progressive dialectical pattern of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis. The level of karma embodies worldly action and absorption in material name and form; jnana antithetically turns away from the world and action in it to seek liberation into a transcendence conceived as the negation of all name and form. Bhakti sublimates and synthesises features of both. On the platform of bhakti, there is 'inaction in action' (akarmani karma, Bg. 0.00), that is to say, activities performed purely as an offering to God. Since the devotee acts wholly under the will of God, God is the doer, and the deed produces no karmic reaction, good or bad; from a material point of view, nothing has happened. In bhakti the world, with its panoply of sense objects, is neither to be enjoyed as in karma, nor rejected as in jnana, but used entirely in the service of God, who is its actual possessor and controller. And in bhakti the Absolute discloses, in addition to the undifferentiated impersonal aspect encountered in jnana, a further, personal feature which, although having no material name and form, possesses spiritual or transcendental names, forms, attributes, and relations. According to Vaishnava teaching, the undifferentiated spiritual light apprehended by the jnanis is the effulgence emanating from the transcendental personality of the Godhead. From the Vaisnava point of view, then, jnana represents the penultimate, not the ultimate, platform of spiritual realisation. The incompleteness of jnana is shown by the way it remains bound to the previous platform of karma. Negations depend on that which they negate for their meaning; therefore negations alone cannot escape relativity and attain the Absolute. Nor can the transcendent unity be properly understood as the mere opposite of diversity: that absolute unity cannot exclude but must include variegatedness and diversity. The paradigm of karma, jnana, and bhakti as representing three phases or moments in a dialectic of spiritual development has application beyond the particular forms of Indian religious life that exemplify them. All three of them are generically human, and can be seen instantiated in various ways in many cultures, embodied in numerous religions and ideologies. Certainly, the major religious traditions have all these three strands of karma, jnana, and bhakti woven through them. [00] For example, every religion has an abundance of believers whose practice is directed primarily toward satisfying their material desires, and who think of the divine much more as a means than as an end. People on this platform avoid dealing with the true God of bhakti, who makes unconditional and ultimate claims; often they explicitly traffic with a pantheon of specialised, lesser divinities, like spirits, saints, and devatas, who are not as formidable and are potentially more pliable and controllable. Jnana is nearly as widespread as karma, a fact causing some of its advocates to name it 'the perennial philosophy'. As a generic phase of human spiritual development, we would expect to find it breaking out all over. It is not even surprising, then, to find strong expressions of jnana in predominantly theistic traditions like Christianity and Islam. There we find often enough rigorous expositions of the theology of negation (apophatic theology or the via negativa), as well as the regular emergence of mystic like Meister Eckhart or al-Hallaj (who even indulge in expressions of self-deification). The platform of jnana is most obvious to us in 'religious' contexts, such as the Elastic criticism of the Homeric gods or the Buddhist revolt against the cult of Vedic yajna. But the paradigm is also exemplified in 'secular' ideological developments. For example, the historical movement we call the Enlightenment can be understood as a powerful example of the culture of karma. The aim of karma is to attain material well-being by gaining control over natural processes. This was certainly at the heart of Enlightenment ideology: the central article of faith held that Newton's success in physics could and should be programmatically extended until all of nature - especially human nature in its psychological, social and political manifestations - became subjected to rational ('scientific') manipulation and control. The reaction came quickly, and the stage of jnana became manifest in the form of the counter-Enlightenment (and then matured into the Romantic movement), with its exultation of intuition, holism, organicism, mysticism, etc. [00] The struggle between Enlightenment and counter-Enlightenment ideologies continues to shape the cultural dynamics of the West. The counterculture of the sixties was simply a re-emergence of the original counter-Enlightenment, whose spirit had not been squashed by years of rational scientific and social progress. The emergence of the counterculture surprised and dismayed those who thought they had succeeded in establishing the method of empirical science as the only valid means of knowledge and in dismissing whatever was inaccessible to it as devoid of existence or significance. And the counterculture continues strongly today as the 'New Age Movement' or the 'Aquarian Conspiracy'. The karma-jnana-bhakti progression makes the emergence of ISKCON within the counterculture intelligible. As Prabhupada's 'double-dropouts' abandoned 'straight' society for the counterculture and then the counterculture for ISKCON, they lived that dialectic spiritual progression, each 'dropping out' conveying them, so to speak, across a hyphen. Prabhupada's presentation of bhakti as the fulfillment of this progression and his critiques of karma and jnana, were full of personal resonances for most who became his disciples. He was telling them the truth. Thus, they did not 'convert' to a 'religion' - the terms are alien, the categories inapplicable - therefore they do not see people outside of ISKCON as practising 'another religion'. 'All people are following My path,' as Krsna said, and that path progresses through various manifestations of karma, jnana and bhakti. People are distributed on different places along that path; some are hardly moving; others are going forward rapidly. In principle, any person, whether within or without ISKCON, confessing or not confessing a religion, is to be evaluated simply as an individual and by the same criterion that one evaluates oneself - by proximity to pure bhakti. Yet it may be objected that ISKCON is, after all, a 'proselytising', 'missionary' organisation. Don't we in ISKCON actively seek converts, and doesn't that activity imply our own conviction of institutional superiority? ISKCON hopes to each people that pure devotional service is the highest aim of life and to provide the means for practising it. The positive influence it can exercise can be of two kinds: people may become ISKCON members and practise devotional service, or people may realise the nature and importance of pure bhakti and seek to practise it within another historical tradition. Bhakti is taught in many traditions, but so far I have not encountered in any but the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition the lucid, analytical reflection on spiritual experience which so precisely defines bhakti and isolates it from the elements of karma and jnana, as well as the explicit and consistent effort to inculcate such purified bhakti. My own conviction is that many Christians, for example, could benefit from this analysis, but they would not have to cease being Christians to do so. Rather, they could mine the resources of their own tradition to pursue pure bhakti, thereby becoming more devoted and spiritually advanced Christians. For, even in many devotional traditions, the theology of negation has compromised and vitiated bhakti. The God one worships may be a person, but the God one thinks about becomes progressively evacuated of all personal features by a resort to abstraction and negation. The influence of jnana in theology checks and baffles the natural development of real bhakti. While bhakti impels us to praise God without ceasing, jnana tells us silence alone is valid and chokes the voice of praise and prayer. Jnana presupposes that language originates here, in our traffic with the objects of this world, and it has no competence to deal with transcendence. When we extend it to speak of the divine, it snaps like an over-stretched rubber band. Such ideas are theological commonplaces, but from the point of view of bhakti, they are wrong. Bhakti understands that the language conveying the names, forms, attributes, activities, etc. of the transcendent person does not originate in this world. The origin of everything is God, and the original use of language is to praise, glorify, and offer prayer to God. Service to God is the proper and original use of everything. Forgetting God, we pervert that language to traffic with sense objects in this world. But when God reveals himself and has that revelation conveyed in and through inspired language, language is restored to its original use. It is transcendental speech, and it must be taken with ultimate seriousness. And is it therefore to be taken - as everyone always worries - 'literally'? Rupa Goswami answers this question by saying that our materially contaminated mind and senses cannot comprehend the transcendental quality of the names, attributes, and so on of the Lord. Only when our senses -beginning with the tongue - have become purified by being engaged in devotional service, can they grasp the Lord's names, attributes, etc. [00] Thus, the language that describes God is to be understood literally, but in our conditioned state -with our mind and senses saturated with lust, greed, and anger - we are unable to understand the literal meaning. Yet even though our mundane meanings are perverted and distorted, the language remains real and valid. And even though we cannot grasp the language we use, we must use it unceasingly, for the use purifies our minds and senses so that we will come to understand fully what we speak. Through 'nonsectarian' arguments like this, ISKCON seeks to help encourage and foster the development of pure bhakti in any tradition. Yet many will fear that such fostering of bhakti is precisely the thing which will most injure the ecumenical spirit. For the negative theology of jnana has been widely promoted as the key to inter-religious harmony and even unity, while bhakti, with its conceptually specific object of devotion, is often held responsible for sectarian exclusivity and hostility. The claim on behalf of negative theology has perhaps been most strongly advanced by the proponents of advaita vedanta (often still presented as normative 'Hinduism'). But we should consider that advaita vedanta 'solves' the problem of religious pluralism and diversity by the expedient of wiping it out of the ontology. Only so long as the Absolute is an object of nescience, Sankara says, do the categories of devotee, object of devotion, and the like apply to it. [00] When knowledge arises, these and all other distinctions and differences disappear, for all are unreal and due to ignorance alone. Modern advocates of this position tend to combine Sankarite metaphysics with recent types of social and cultural relativism, leading them indiscriminately to accept practically all forms of religious life as equally valid. For what reason is there to discriminate invidiously among illusions? Everything is embraced with open arms, but precisely because everything is ultimately rejected right across the board. Unlike jnana, bhakti does not devalue individuality, diversity, and relativity as such. Indeed, they are found here in this world because they exist in the origin. For bhakti, God, the individual souls, and the relations between God and the souls are all eternally, irreducibly, and ultimately real. God sustains ongoing, ever-developing loving relationships. He discloses himself in different ways, according to the nature of the relationship. 'As they surrender to Me, I reward them accordingly': the 'as' in this verse refers not just to differences in degree of surrender and revelation, but also to differences in kind. In other words, diversity and relativity in religion is not necessarily due to accidental material conditions; it comes from transcendence itself. Person-hood is a social condition; it is made of relationships. We come to be the persons we are out our personal relations: each relation teases into manifestation an aspect of ourselves that would otherwise remain unknown. So it is with God, who engages in innumerable relationships. The relations we can sustain before we begin to sacrifice internal coherence are limited; but God can, in principle, combine unlimited self-integration with unlimited relations. Each relationship reveals more of the supreme personality of the Godhead. In this way, the personalistic theology of bhakti recognises positive spiritual value in religious diversity. To affirm genuine religious experiences wherever they do occur, it is hardly necessary to supersede devotion with speculation and a personal with an impersonal Absolute. We need not propagate ontologies of emptiness to be liberal, broad-minded, and tolerant. If the sectarian intolerance of some devotional communities is actually a consequence of their personalism, then it is owing to too little rather than too much of it. ISKCON thus offers a vision of inter-religious unity and harmony on the platform of bhakti. There are, of course, other traditions like the non-theistic advaita vedanta that also tend to systematically subordinate bhakti to jnana - most notably the Buddhist traditions. One may object that the view presented here is distinctly inimical to such traditions and is therefore not as liberal-minded as one might like. On the other hand, a view that systematically relegates God, the devotee, and their relationship to the realm of illusion might in turn be considered hostile to bhakti. Vaishnava theology, at any rate, accepts that the absolute truth has an impersonal feature as well as a personal feature, so the spiritual achievement of those engaged in various kinds of jnana is not written off as a delusion. It is only when people on the basis of such experience propagate philosophies hostile to the Supreme Person that ISKCON devotees raise objections. Certainly, ISKCON's ecumenical theology of bhakti does not end all disagreements. But at the least it achieves this: it recognises no real difference between intra and inter-religious discussion, debate, or dialogue. We may disagree and argue, but, still, it is in the family. This article is based on a lecture delivered at Conference on Religious Education for Dialogue at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, April 0000. Notes [0] The 'Uptown Swami' was Swami Nikilanada, head of the New York Rama Krsna Mission, which could be regarded as the Hindu missionary establishment. Swami Nikhilanada, whose followers were mostly 'straight' middle or upper-middle class Americans, had counselled Prabhupada to follow his lead and adopt Western manners in dress and eating, advice Prabhupada rejected. For a history of beginners of ISKCON see Satsvarupa dasa Goswami, Planting the Seed: New York City 0000-0 and Only He Could Lead Them: San Francisco/India 0000, the second and third volumes of ISKCON's official six volume biography of Srila Prabhupada, Srila Prabhupada-lilamrta (Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000-00). [0] Complete edition (Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000), p. 00. The list of succession from Krsna to Caitanya is taken from the seventeenth century Gaudiya Vaishnava theologian Baladeva Vidyabhusana. See Surendrannath Dasgupta, A History of Indian Philosophy, vol. 0 (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 0000), pp. 000-0. [0] For academic surveys of the history and thought of Gaudiya Vaishnavism see S. K. De, Early History of the Vaishnava Faith and Movement in Bengal, second edn. (Calcutta: K. L. Mukhopadhyay, 0000); A. K. Majumdar, Caitanya: His Life and Doctrine (Chowpatty and Bombay); Bharatiya Of Sri Caitanya (New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharal, 0000); and Surendranatha Dasgupta, A History of Indian Philosophy, vol. 0, chap. 00-0. [0] For an anthropological study of the way ISKCON devotees have come to be accepted in India as legitimate brahmans and Vaishnavas, see Charles R. Brooks, The Hare Krsnas In India (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 0000). [0] In Steven J. Gelberg, ed., Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna: Five Distinguished Scholars on the Krsna Movement in the West (New York: Grove Press, 0000), p. 000. [0] The Great Code (San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 0000, 0000), p. xv. [0] Srimad-Bhagavatam (Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000-00), 0.0.0, purport. Dharma is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root dhr, which means to support or sustain. [0] See The Meaning and End of Religion: A New Approach to the Religious Tradition of Mankind (New York: The Macmillian Company, 0000, 0000); and 'The Modern West in the History of Religion', in the Journal of the American Academy of Religion, vol. 00, no. 0 (March, 0000), pp. 0-00. [0] All translations in my text from Srimad-Bhagavatam are Srila Prabhupada (The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust edition). Known also as the Bhagavata Purana, Srimad-Bhagavatam is held in especial esteem by all Vaishnava sampradaya. The Bhagavad-gita is said to be propaedeutic to Srimad-Bhagavatam. The text gives complete narration of His pastimes, and it declares in a verse Gaudiya Vaishnavas regard of prime importance (0.0.00) that all other avataras are expansions of expansions of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. [00] Bhagavad-gita As It Is, p. 000. [00] anyabhilasita-sunyam jnana-karmady-anavrtam anukulyena krsnanu- silanam bhaktir uttama Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu 0.0.00. Quoted with translation and commentary by Srila Prabhupada, in Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, Madhya-lila 00.000 (Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000). [00] I take the metaphor of 'strands' from Ninian Smart, Reasons and Faiths (New York: The Humanities Press, 0000), where the cross-traditional analysis of religious discourse into 'mystical', 'numinous', and 'incarnational' doctrinal strands anticipates several features of the karma-jnana-bhakti typology and its application here. [00] For a more detailed development of these applications of the karma-jnana-bhakti typology, see William Deadwyler, 'The Contribution of Bhagavata-dharma Toward a "Scientific Religion" and a "Religious Science"', in T. D. Singh, ed., Synthesis of Science and Religion: Critical Essays and Dialogues (San Francisco: The Bhaktivedanta Institute, 0000). [00] atah sri-krisna-namadi na bhaved grahyam indriyaih sevonmukhe hi jihvadau svayam eva sphuraty adah Bhakti-rasamrta-sindu 0.0.000 Quoted in Bhagavad-gita As It Is, p. 000, Bhaktivedanta Book Trust 0000. [00] George Thibaut, trans., The Vedanta Sutras of Badarayana with the Commentary by Sankara, part 0 (New York: Dover Publications, 0000), p. 00. Bibliography Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada A. C., Bhagavad-gita As It Is. Complete edition, revised and enlarged. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000. Sri Caitanya-caritamrta of Krsnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami. Adi-lila, vols. 0-0; Madhya-lila, vols. 0-0, Antya-lila, vols. 0-0. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000-0. Srimad-Bhagavatam, cantos 0-00, 00 vols. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust 0000-00. Brooks, Charles R., The Hare Krsnas In India. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 0000. Dasgupta, Surenranath, A History of Indian Philosophy, vol. 0. Cambridge University Press, 0000. Reprint edition, Delhi: Motilal Banrsidass, 0000. De, Sushil Kumar, Early History of the Vaishnava Faith and Movement in Bengal. Calcutta; K. L. Mukhopadhyay, 0000. Deadwyler, William. 'The Contribution of Bhagavata-darma Toward a "Scientific Religion" and a "Religious Science"', in T. D. Singh, ed., Synthesis of Science and Religion: Critical Essays and Dialogues. San Francisco: The Bhaktivedanta Institute, 0000. Frye, Northrop, The Great Code: The Bible and Literature. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 0000, 0000. Gelberg, Steven J., ed., Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna: Five Distinguished Scholars on the Krsna Movement in the West. New York: Grove Press, 0000. Goswami, Satsvarupa Dasa, Srila Prabhupada-lilamrta: A Biography of His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Founder-Acarya of the International Society for Krsna Consciousness, vols. 0-0. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 0000-0. Kapoor, O. B. L., 'The Philosophy and Religion of Sri Caitanya' (The Philosophical Background of the Hare Krsna Movement). New Delhi: Munshiram Mancharlal, 0000. Manjumdar, A. K., Caitanya ― His Life and Doctrine: A Study in Vaishnavism. Chowpatty and Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 0000. Sankaracarya,'The Vedanta Sutras of Badarayana with the Commentary by Sankara'. Translated by George Thibaut. Sacred Books of East, vols. 00, 00. Oxford: Clarendon Press 0000, 0000. Reprint edn., New York: Dover Publications, 0000. Smart, Ninian. Reasons and Faith: An Investigation of Religious Discourses, Christian and Non-Christian. New York: The Humanities Press, 0000. Smith, Wilfred Cantwell. The Meaning and End of Religion: A New Approach to the Religious Traditions of Mankind. New York: The Macmillan Company, 0000, 0000. 'The Modern West in the History of Religion', Journal of the American Academy of Religion, vol. 00., no. 0. (March 0000, pp. 0-00.).

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Bertrhude Albert is PhD student in Agricultural Education and Communication at the University of Florida . She was born in Haiti but moved to the US at the age of 0. In 0000 Bertrhude co-founded a Gainesville-based 000(c)0 Nonprofit called Projects for Haiti, Inc. (P0H). As CEO of P0H Bertrhude's heart is to see sustainable development and growth in Haiti. Dear American Red Cross, Maybe it's best for us to part ways. On behalf of Haitians, Haitian-Americans, and Haitians by Association who are actively working towards the development of our country, I think it's safe to say that your development efforts are not needed in Haiti anymore. Let me explain. We are well past the relief stage of the 0000 earthquake. We don't need handouts; we need investment. We don't need another bloated, bureaucratic organization refusing to be transparent with hastily solicited billions clogging up the channel toward prosperity. We don't need you to meddle in our development because the solution to poverty is not material goods but the creative capacity of the skills we can use for our own advancement. Respect us enough to work with us, or get out of our way. Allow me to introduce myself. I am Bertrhude Albert, a Haitian-American. In 0000 I co-founded a 000(c)0 non-profit called Projects for Haiti, Inc. which believes that the solution to poverty lies within local communities. Because we believe this, we were able to accomplish far more with an annual budget of $00,000.00 in 0000 than what you have been able to do with half a billion dollars in five years. Last summer, we partnered with 000 Haitian Educators and trained them on best pedagogical practices for their classrooms. Collectively they have thousands of students in their classrooms (probably some future construction workers). Through this training and other teacher trainings we've hosted throughout the year, we have been able see a significant shift in Haitian Educators, students and our community. With $00,000.00, we were able to offer trainings for hundreds of other Haitians through our micro-loan program, youth leadership conference, and many others. Because we believe in the ability and dreams of our Haitian friends, our $00,000.00 is worth more than your half a BILLION. This letter is a rallying cry not only for Projects for Haiti, but for the other NGOs that are working toward eradicating poverty through an investment in building human capacity instead of serving self-interests. A quick glimpse into development literature from authors like Dambisa Moyo, William Easterly, and Abhijit Banerjee show just how poisonous handouts are. While it is appropriate to support vulnerable populations with immediate relief after a disaster, it is grossly inappropriate to keep that form of aid as people are moving towards the development stage. Your work undermines the natural development that Haiti could have apart from your interventions as well as the work that others like us do on the ground. You will do well to actually come to the streets of cities like Cap-Haitien, my birthplace, and hear this from the people themselves. The secret of your incompetence in fostering development is out, American Red Cross. Haiti will soon be lifted up on the shoulders of her resilient people, and her triumph will be in spite of your failures. Sincerely, Bertrhude Albert Related Leave a comment Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment Name * Email * Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email. Δ Search for: Search Latest News Haitians in the DR: Students with no real choice | Opinion Dec. 00, 0000 Haitian-Americans reflect on Congresswoman Carrie Meek's fight for their community Dec. 00, 0000 UN: 00,000 displaced, physically disabled Haitians offered help Dec. 00, 0000 Ruthzee Louijeune: Building community in Boston, from Hyde Park to City Hall Dec. 00, 0000 Haitians fighting food insecurity, in New York and beyond Dec. 00, 0000 Republish This Story Republish our articles for free, online or in print, under a Creative Commons license. X Republish this article This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 0.0 International License. OP-ED: An Open Letter to the Red Cross by The Haitian Times, The Haitian Times June 00, 0000 <h0>OP-ED: An Open Letter to the Red Cross</h0> <p class="byline">by The Haitian Times, The Haitian Times <br />June 00, 0000</p> </p> <p>By&nbsp;Bertrhude Albert</p> <p><em>Bertrhude Albert is PhD student in Agricultural Education and Communication at the University of Florida . She was born in Haiti but moved to the US at the age of 0. In 0000 Bertrhude co-founded a Gainesville-based 000(c)0 Nonprofit called Projects for Haiti, Inc. (P0H). As CEO of P0H Bertrhude's heart is to see sustainable development and growth in Haiti. </em></p> <p>Dear American Red Cross,</p> <p>Maybe it's best for us to part ways. On behalf of Haitians, Haitian-Americans, and Haitians by Association who are actively working towards the development of our country, I think it's safe to say that your development efforts are not needed in Haiti anymore. Let me explain.</p> <p>We are well past the relief stage of the 0000 earthquake. We don't need handouts; we need investment. We don't need another bloated, bureaucratic organization refusing to be transparent with hastily solicited billions clogging up the channel toward prosperity. We don't need you to meddle in our development because the solution to poverty is not material goods but the creative capacity of the skills we can use for our own advancement. Respect us enough to work with us, or get out of our way.</p> <p>Allow me to introduce myself. I am Bertrhude Albert, a Haitian-American. In 0000 I co-founded a 000(c)0 non-profit called Projects for Haiti, Inc. which believes that the solution to poverty lies within local communities. Because we believe this, we were able to accomplish far more with an annual budget of $00,000.00 in 0000 than what you have been able to do with half a billion dollars in five years. Last summer, we partnered with 000 Haitian Educators and trained them on best pedagogical practices for their classrooms. Collectively they have thousands of students in their classrooms (probably some future construction workers). Through this training and other teacher trainings we've hosted throughout the year, we have been able see a significant shift in Haitian Educators, students and our community. With $00,000.00, we were able to offer trainings for hundreds of other Haitians through our micro-loan program, youth leadership conference, and many others. Because we believe in the ability and dreams of our Haitian friends, our $00,000.00 is worth more than your half a BILLION.</p> <p>This letter is a rallying cry not only for Projects for Haiti, but for the other NGOs that are working toward eradicating poverty through an investment in building human capacity instead of serving self-interests. A quick glimpse into development literature from authors like Dambisa Moyo, William Easterly, and Abhijit Banerjee show just how poisonous handouts are. While it is appropriate to support vulnerable populations with immediate relief after a disaster, it is grossly inappropriate to keep that form of aid as people are moving towards the development stage. Your work undermines the natural development that Haiti could have apart from your interventions as well as the work that others like us do on the ground.</p> <p>You will do well to actually come to the streets of cities like Cap-Haitien, my birthplace, and hear this from the people themselves. The secret of your incompetence in fostering development is out, American Red Cross. Haiti will soon be lifted up on the shoulders of her resilient people, and her triumph will be in spite of your failures.</p> <p>Sincerely,<br /> Bertrhude Albert</p> This <a target="_blank" href="https://haitiantimes.com/0000/00/00/op-ed-an-open-letter-to-the-red-cross/">article</a> first appeared on <a target="_blank" href="https://haitiantimes.com">The Haitian Times</a> and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.<img id="republication-tracker-tool-source" src="https://haitiantimes.com/?republication-pixel=true&post=00000&ga=" style="width:0px;height:0px;">

https://haitiantimes.com/2015/06/11/op-ed-an-open-letter-to-the-red-cross/

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The McDonald's All-American and Texas A&M signee averaged 00.0 points, 0.0 rebounds and 0.0 assists per game for the 0A state runner-up. ESPN HoopGurlz rates Carter as the nation's No. 0 recruit in the Class of 0000. Lexi Gordon - Hurst L.D. Bell, Sr., G, 0-0 Gordon, who signed with four-time defending NCAA champion UConn, averaged 00.0 points and 0.0 rebounds per game. Gordon was an all-district selection as a freshman and her district's Offensive Player of the Year the last three seasons. Trinity Oliver - Euless Trinity, Sr., G, 0-0 Oliver averaged 00 points and 0.0 rebounds per game in her fourth straight year as a Trinity starter. Oliver, who signed with Baylor, had a four-season total of more than 0,000 points. Vivian Gray - Argyle, Sr., F, 0-0 Gray averaged 00.0 points, 0.0 rebounds and 0.0 assists for Argyle's third straight 0A state champion. The MVP of the title game is an elite-level recruit but signed with Division II Fort Lewis (Colo.) to be near family and friends and because she doesn't want to attend a big school. Jade Williams - The Colony, Sr., F, 0-0 Williams, a Duke signee, averaged 00.0 points, 0.0 rebounds and 0.0 blocks. Williams, who played her sophomore and junior seasons at Prestonwood Christian, is rated as the nation's No. 00 senior recruit by ESPN HoopGurlz. SECOND TEAM THIRD TEAM Twitter: @mattwixon Newcomer of the Year Plano's Jordyn Merritt is the 0000 Dallas Morning News girls basketball Newcomer of the Year. Jordyn Merritt - Plano, Fr., F, 0-0 Merritt averaged 00 points, seven rebounds, two blocks and two steals per game for Plano, which finished 00-0 and advanced to the 0A area round of the playoffs. Merritt scored 00 points in the Wildcats' first-round playoff win. Recent winners Coach of the Year Argyle's head coach Skip Townsend speaks to his team during the UIL Girls State Basketball 0A semifinal at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Friday, March 0, 0000. (Stephen Spillman/Special Contributor)(Special Contributor) Skip Townsend - Argyle Townsend led Argyle to its third-straight 0A state title and a 00-0 record, and his team's only losses were to 0A Euless Trinity and Mercer County (Ken.). Townsend has coached six seasons at Argyle, and before that, he won six state titles in 00 seasons at Brock.

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Note: To search for Jesse Stone information on the Hallmark Movies and Mysteries Channel website, click this link. Update (0000 February 0): Jesse Stone en español en Unimás The Spanish-language channel Unimás, affiliated with Univision, has for a couple of years been occasionally broadcasting Jesse Stone movies dubbed into Spanish. The most recent (in late January) was Jesse Stone, el beneficio de la duda (Jesse Stone: The Benefit of the Doubt). Update (0000 June 00): Jesse Stone films available via Feeln. My brother Mark tells me that the Jesse Stone series is now available on line via the relatively inexpensive subscription video-on-demand service Feelin, which available through Roku, Apple TV, various televisions and Blu-ray players, computers, game consoles, etc. I haven't tried it myself. Update (0000 May 00): I finally reviewed Jesse Stone: Lost in Paradise (0000) I saw the latest Jesse Stone film (originally broadcast back in October 0000) some time ago, but for some reason never got around to posting a review until now. You can find it here rather than below. I debated whether to add it to this post, but I decided I'd keep this one for the CBS films and start a separate one for those on the Hallmark Movies & Mysteries Channel. There's supposed to be at least one more of those in the works, at least according to an article in Variety published last spring. Update (0000 May 00): Jesse Stone trivia quiz The Hallmark Movies & Mysteries Channel has a Jesse Stone trivia quiz here. Beginning in 0000 Tom Selleck (the star of Magnum PI in the 0000s and more recently a regular on Blue Bloods) has been lead actor, executive producer, and occasionally co-writer of eight made-for-television movies based on a series of mystery novels by Robert B Parker, who's better known as the creator of the Boston private eye Spenser. Stone is a former Los Angeles cop whose drinking cost him his job and his wife, leading him to take a position as chief of police in a small town called Paradise on the Massachusetts coast, almost as far from Los Angeles as he could get. He's still struggling with his drinking, but he's good at what he does, and in his new job he earns the friendship of a lot of people while pissing off some of the local civic leaders for not doing what he's told. There's enough of a continuing story here that the films are best watched in logical sequence, which means switching the first two films from their broadcast order. Jesse Stone: Night Passage (0000) Saul Rubinek plays the town leader who persuades his colleagues to hire Selleck. His wife, played by Stephanie March (the stunning tall blond assistant district attorney on Law & Order: SVU) has her own designs on him and is very forthright about it. Selleck says, "Wow," but he never takes her up on the offer, possibly because she's married, possibly because he's still pining for his ex (the two of them talk by phone almost every night) and possibly because he's afraid of being hurt, and I don't mean emotionally. She's scary hot. He does over the course of the series get romantic with younger women, but mainly ones who seem more likely to show mercy to an older guy like us. Selleck is even older than I am, but that barely seems to slow him down. (Yes, he's also taller, slimmer, better looking, has not gone bald, his facial hair isn't gray, and in general he looks more like a somewhat older Magnum PI than like the less-successful brother of Santa Claus.) The police department includes an annoying middle-aged male cop, a woman he quickly learns to respect, and a naive young guy Selleck takes to calling "Suitcase" after the famous shortstop he slightly resembles. (Suitcase is played by Kohl Sudduth, a name that sounds like he should be an associate of Cthulhu.) Another recurring character is Stephen McHattie, the state's head homicide investigator, who's based in Boston. In the course of the film Selleck takes a street-cop approach to a domestic dispute and helps McHattie solve the murder of Selleck's predecessor. Unfortunately the climax is ridiculous, with Selleck putting himself pointlessly in danger, but the characters, setting, and overall story make up for that. Jesse Stone: Stone Cold (0000) This is more suspense than mystery, since we learn very early on who the bad guys are. Somehow Selleck intuits it as well, though he has no evidence to support his suspicions. Again he also has to deal with more mundane problems in town. If you watched Frasier, you probably remember that in the final season of that series Niles (himself engaged to someone else) professed his love for Daphne just before her wedding. Daphne's fiancé was played by Saul Rubinek, the sleazy politician who hired Selleck in Night Passage, so it's interesting that Niles's fiancée, Jane Adams, has a major role in this film. (Incidentally, while Adams often plays a rather mousy character, here she comes off as seriously sexy.) Jesse Stone: Death in Paradise (0000) Selleck co-wrote this episode, and perhaps as a result it's a bit better plotted than the previous two. Investigating the death of a teenage girl leads Selleck to a Boston mobster and a young nun, both of whom show up in later episodes as well. Meanwhile, his ex-wife, or at least her voice on the telephone, convinces Selleck to start seeing an ex-cop turned psychiatrist for help with his drinking. Jesse Stone: Sea Change (0000) Stone's alcoholism is worsened by the news that his ex is sleeping with her boss, so he tries to get himself back on track by investigating a cold case, a bank robbery that ended in kidnapping and death. He soon turns up puzzling new evidence that suggests the crime wasn't what it seemed to be. Meanwhile the city council wants him to stop risking bad publicity by investigating a rich yacht owner accused of molesting a young female guest. At one point Jesse listens to a Brahms piece that is apparently Intermezzo in A Major Opus 000 Number 0. There's a YouTube playlist of music from that episode. Jesse Stone: Thin Ice (0000) Selleck is hanging out with his friend Stephen McHattie on a stakeout in Boston when a gunman nearly succeeds in killing them both, and he breaks the law to solve the case and bring the bad guy to justice. Meanwhile, Camryn Mannheim has ridden by bus all the way from Albuquerque to look for her missing son [not daughter as I originally wrote], who had been snatched from the hospital not long after birth. She's come to Paradise because she just got an anonymous letter with a Paradise postmark saying, "Your child is loved." Jesse Stone: No Remorse (0000) The city council has suspended Selleck without pay, not for his lawbreaking in the previous film (they're not even aware of it) but mainly, one suspects, for cutting down the tree hiding the speed limit sign at the town's lucrative speed trap. Saul Rubinek's wife, the one who propositioned Selleck when he first got into town, is now divorced and is a new woman, or played by a new actress anyway, but she's still hot in every sense of the word and still wants to pork Selleck's brains out, and in reaction he still says, "Wow." He also still declines, possibly because he's busy tackling the greatest mystery of his career: figuring out his new cell phone. In addition, he's been hired by his friend McHattie as a consultant on a case in Boston that involves an apparent serial killer. Back in Paradise the severely understaffed police department is investigating an unusually violent series of convenience store robberies. Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost (0000) Selleck is no longer suspended because he's been forced to take early (actually, not that early) retirement. But when the obnoxious young new chief won't look into the drug-related death of a young woman Selleck knew, he bends the rules and eventually breaks the law again investigating on his own. He also drinks more while his dog looks on with obvious disapproval. This is one of the weaker films of the series and even seems to be missing at least one scene, given that Selleck suddenly knows something without any explanation how he found it out. The ending and some things leading up to it struck me as dumb. The characters remain appealing, though. This is one of the great things about the Jesse Stone movies: Flawed they may sometimes be, but you like them anyway. Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt (0000) When local leaders want a double murder solved they bring Selleck back out of retirement, which is a practical necessity because nobody else is left in the police department. All is of course not as it seems. Well-written dialog helps make up for the occasional plot holes. A hot woman for once turns Selleck down, bluntly telling him she's too young for him. And then she goes out with him anyway, and gets mad when she thinks he's not sufficiently interested in her romantically. It's good to be the co-writer. Update: K. Hollenbacher (who also comments below) points out that the last paragraph above seems to imply that the town re-hired Jesse Stone only because they had no cops left, and in fact he's rehired because even his biggest enemy on the town council recognizes that he's the best person available to investigate the murder of his beloved son-in-law. And from the same source comes a complaint that my quick descriptions may leave an impression that the plots are simpler than they are. In fact, the stories are reasonably involved, especially given the limits of the running time, and there are hints supplied for the viewer to figure out more of what's really going on. Update: For my reviews of the Jesse Stone novels, see this later post. Here's the trailer for the first broadcast: by Posted in Movies and television, Reviews, Video clips permalink Post navigation ← Crash History #00: Indian Ocean trade Crash History #00: Venice and the Ottoman Empire → Comments Review: The Jesse Stone series (0000-0000 movies) - 000 Comments Comment navigation ← Older Comments Newer Comments → Joanne Sumner on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please Make another Jesse Stone movie please I watch all of them on Hallmark today n love this series please begging for more pretty please...thank u awesome. ..don't leave us hanging please Reply ↓ Dianne Smith on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Love tom sellect & love the jesse stone series, they need to keep making them. Thank you Reply ↓ Pingback: Jesse Stone news (slightly stale) | D Gary Grady Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I just posted an update of sorts, the gist of which is that based on a Zap0It blog post from back in May 0000, Selleck is still interested in doing more films but there's no immediate prospect of any because there's no network sufficiently interested to invest the money. Reply ↓ Joe Mola on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: What is the Brahms piano piece played on one of the Jesse Stone episodes. Love the series. Watch them over and over!! Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: If you're asking about the piece Jesse plays on his stereo in Sea Change, it appears to be Intermezzo in A Major Opus 000 Number 0. (I can't claim any great expertise; I just Googled for "Jesse Stone Brahms" and got lucky.) I've updated the post above to include a link to a YouTube playlist of music from that episode, including the Brahms piece. Reply ↓ Terry on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: loved loved that piece by Brahms. I too had to look it up Reply ↓ Jimmy Gray on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: awesome movies, need to make more!!!!! Reply ↓ Kim Young on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please Please make more...these are the best shows on tv. Reply ↓ Dolores Haugh on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: GREAT MOVIES, WANT TO SEE THE LAST ONE. THEY NEED TO MAKE MORE, MANY MORE.... Reply ↓ Gwen Fowler on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I have bought most of the series and would like to see more episodes produced. Its good wholesome everyday experiences without bad language that families could share. Reply ↓ Schlee Childers on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Have always loved Tom Selleck...he is a great actor whether it be Magnum, Commissioner Reagan, or Jesse Stone. Hope he keeps coming out w/more of the latter movies. : ) Reply ↓ Laura C on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I started reading the Jesse Stone books before watching the movies- love both! I also enjoy Blue Bloods, new episodes and the ION TV marathons. Selleck is great in anything he does. I hope more JS movies can be made eventually- that some network or Netflix can pick them up. I've been watching the movies on there, also Longmire, another excellent show series. Reply ↓ Mary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I have been waiting one year for you to make another Jesse Stone. It is not fair to leave us without another movie. So many unanswered questions. Please make another Jesse Stone movie. Reply ↓ Denise on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: These are fabulous movies. The screen writing, direction and acting are excellent. Selleck is perfect. Devane is priceless AND SO REAL!! Cop shows and movies are very hesitant to show the dark side of police work. Not the corruption but the slow methodical pychological effect of constant exposure to crime and death. The gradual need from repeated trauma to not feel, to not react... to anesthetize. Jesse Stone movies expose this and humanize it. Blue Bloods cannot touch these movies. BB is creme puff. There is no comparison. I always admired Selleck's looks but I got to admire his acting in the Jessee Stone movies. MORE JESSE STONE MOVIES PLEASE!!! Reply ↓ Jesse on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please make more Jesse Stone Movies before Tom Selleck gets too old. Because Now it would be just perfect. Don't let us without Jesse all those years 0000, 0000. New I hope for 0000. Please dear Mr. Selleck read and hear the beg of your Fans!! Reply ↓ richard g. corbett on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: add me to your list of people who want more Jesse Stone movies Reply ↓ laura c on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Add me to the list of people who would like more Jesse stone movies. I've read the books too. Love both. Reply ↓ Terry Riggs on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Love Tom Selleck, from Magnum P.I., Blue Blood, and all of Jessie Stones movie's. Waiting for the next Jessie Stone movie Reply ↓ frances taylor on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: We love Jessie stone movies. Please don't leave us hanging. At least give one more and I want to see at least a picture of Jessie's ex wife. what happened to her and did Jessie get a girl and who? We love the layed back style, not so fast paced. Also love Blue bloods.How does the story end?please please #greatfans. Reply ↓ Brenda Femrite on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Have watched the Jesse Stone movies throughout the years. I decided to order all eight of them to Introduced them to my guy and he is totally hooked. I love them even more !! Please Tom Selleck just 0 more. 🙂 Reply ↓ Laura C on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Hi Brenda. I read the Jesse Stone books too & remember only 0 of them. Perhaps they are not making any more movies if there are no more books to base them off, esp. since the author is now deceased. I was hoping for more myself. Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Hi Laura. Robert B Parker wrote nine or ten Jesse Stone novels depending on how you count. I get ten by including BLUE SCREEN, a cross-over novel that's more "officially" part of Parker's Sunny Randall series. The Jesse Stone of the novels is much younger, though Parker praised Tom Selleck's performance as perfectly capturing the character's personality. (The Jesse of the books is also dogless, the police department larger, and his ex-wife a much more prominent character, among other differences.) I reviewed the novels here. As you note, Robert B Parker is unfortunately no longer with us, but the series has been continued (with the approval of Parker's estate) by two other writers, Michael Brandman (also a writer/producer of the Tom Selleck films) and more recently Reed Farrel Coleman. I need to get around to reading them. You can find a complete list of Jesse Stone novels here. The later Jesse Stone movies are based on original teleplays rather than adaptations, so even if the novel series had not been continued I don't think that would have made a difference. The problem seems to be finding a network willing to pay for a film, now that CBS has pulled out. As I noted a few months ago (link), Selleck still seems to be interested (as of last spring anyway), but unless I've missed something there's still no prospect for a new film, and more's the pity. Reply ↓ Laura C on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Thanks for that information Gary. Jesse may be younger in the books but I think Tom captures him perfectly as is. I really like him as PC in Blue Bloods too. I would love more JS movies, hopefully something will come of it before it's too late, would be a shame. Reply ↓ James Smith on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Any ideas as to why Tom decided not to follow the books after the first four movies? Did he really think he and his screenwriters were better than Parker? 😉 Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: That's an interesting question, and Selleck at al are the only ones who can say for sure. I suspect, however, that it was probably not a matter of thinking their writers were better than Robert B Parker but that there was a lot to be said for not being limited only to adaptations. There were already enough differences - Jesse's age being an obvious one, but also the details of his relationship with his ex-wife, his living circumstances, the size of the department, and so on - that even films that are adaptations of Parker's novels have a lot of differences (something often true of film adaptations, of course). On the whole I think I like Jesse Stone films based on original stories at least as much as I do the adaptations. But that's just me. Reply ↓ MJGephart on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I agree with you. Times change and you have to change. I love the Jesse Stone Series and I hope that Tom Selleck continues with these movie's. Reply ↓ Mary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I would like to know where this series was shot; my parents are curious about the house that belongs to Jesse in the series.Obviously, I don't see how it would actually be cheap, but out of curiosity, my parents and me are set to know. Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I believe I have tracked down a few photos of the house in Lunenberg, Nova Scotia, Canada, together with a fairly exact location: House and bridge (link). Same place in the winter (link). Closer shot said to be of Jesse's house (link), which looks about right. The accompanying map gives the geographical coordinates as 00° 00′ 00.00″ N 00° 00′ 00.00″ W. If the numbers are exact, that's the location to the nearest foot! (But I presume that's the GPS location of the camera rather than the front door.) The same house and bridge can also be seen among these pictures from the surrounding area (link). Multiple sources (see for example this link) confirm that the series was filmed in southern Nova Scotia. There's a fair chance that with Google Earth or Google Maps one could track down the exact location. Or just look up the Nova Scotia or Lunenberg tourist office; odds are they get questions about it all the time and would love for Jesse Stone fans to visit. Reply ↓ violet frisby on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I have loved all the Jesse Stone movies I have been able to watch, but how do I get "Benefit of the Doubt" in region 0? I have watched all the ones shown on Sky and bought some off Amazon uk but the one I would like I cannot find as it only seems to be out on DVD region 0. Im also one of the older generation a year older than Tom himself and I would love to see more of Jesse Stone but I cannot see it happening. Love you and your work Tom Sellek Reply ↓ violet frisby on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: sorry about the mistake I made regarding your surname Mr Selleck. Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I was going to suggest looking for it on line, but oddly enough, it doesn't seem to be on iTunes (even here in the U.S.), so it might be hard to find even on streaming and download services. If your only option is a Region 0 DVD, it may be possible to convert your player to region-free (also known as "Region 0" - see this web page for information about specific models: http://www.videohelp.com/dvdhacks, but use care because there is some risk this might disable your DVD player. One good thing: Once the region problem is taken care of, most PAL television equipment will play U.S. NTSC video just fine. The reverse isn't always the case, unfortunately. (I have an old Phillips DVD player that not only will play PAL video just fine, it will even do a perfect job of converting it on the fly to NTSC. But I had a high-end Sony BD player that won't read PAL DVDs though my Sony television accepts PAL just fine.) Reply ↓ karen gillespie on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please keep making jesse stone movies. I've watched all of them more than once. I don't know why i like these movies so much, i think that maybe i identify with the character jesse stone on some level. I've read many coments and i am not alone. love this character. Reply ↓ Chansen on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Looking forward to 0/0/00 Jesse Stone Marathon on Halmark Channel. Selleck plays this character wonderfully!! I hope they continue with the series! Reply ↓ Laura C on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Chansen, I cannot find the Jesse Stone marathon listed in the schedule for 0/0- looked in the TV Guide, AND scrolling through Hallmark programming for Monday. I see the movies listed on the HM site, but that's it, not the airing date. I would love to watch them again, get them on DVR too. Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I believe the correct date is Sunday, January 0, 0000, starting at 0 a.m. Eastern Time and 0 a.m. Central. I *think* it's also 0 a.m. Pacific Time, but don't take my word on that. I hope this information comes early enough to be useful. Reply ↓ Laura C on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Since I don't see it on TV schedule, I assume it's an online marathon from the Hallmark channel? Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: A little more digging turns up the fact that it's on the Hallmark Movies & Mysteries Channel, which is apparently different from the regular Hallmark Channel. My apologies for not noticing the difference. (You see how I keep up.) Here's a link to their schedule page: http://www.hallmarkmoviesandmysteries.com/schedule It does show a Jesse Stone marathon beginning Sunday, January 0, 0000, at 0 a.m. EST with Night Passage. donna reek on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Is Tom Selleck making "Jesse Stone " this year 0000! I heard he is!! Reply ↓ Louisa Hodel on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Pleas bring back Jesse Stone . I love Tom selleck and he is great in BlueBlood. Reply ↓ Louisa Hodel on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: We need more Jesse Stone movies. Does Mr Selleck know how loved he is. Reply ↓ Christy on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please make more Jesse Stone movies with Tom Selleck. I love the books and the movies. Reply ↓ jena on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please make more of these movies! It's refreshing to have these to watch.The world is hungry for for a more of the movies like this.Please give us more Reply ↓ Heidi on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Love the Jessie Stone series. My husband and I watched the all day marathon. It was awesome. Can't wait for a new one! Reply ↓ Chrissy Meadors on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: CBS television you need to make another Jesse Stone movie. We love Blue Blood very much. But Tom Selleck is a great real down to earth type of guy. He makes a movie the way a movie should be made. He has always played a great part in all his acting career. It's a shame you have taken a great show away from the public. Ratings are what you want but I can say more real movies like these is what the public needs. Thank you Tom Selleck for your dedication in making a story come to life. God bless you all! Reply ↓ Judy Power on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Will there be another movie in 0000? The 0th movie ended with Suit coming back and it seems like this movie ended before everything was resolved. We love this series of Tom Selleck playing Jesse Stone and as much as we love Blue Bloods, the Jesse Stone movies are great entertainment...and I LOVE that dog! Reply ↓ MayeVern Casey on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Love Jesse Stone movies. Just watched all of them continuously. Please do make more. Reply ↓ John trinchero on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I love jesse stone movies Reply ↓ Donna Stewart on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Tom Selleck is still hot. I want more of these movies. Reply ↓ Jesse Stone on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Yeahhhh..!!!!! Tom is making two new ones!!! The first one is called "Lost in Paradise". My dream came true. We waited sooo long, now it's true. Best greetings!!!!! Reply ↓ Rena on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: OMG! I cannot believe I just read there will be a new Jesse Stone movie in the fall of 0000. We fans have waited so very long for a new installment! Hope it ties up the loose ends of Benefit of the Doubt and that Hastings gets caught for good this time. This is a wonderful bonus for those of us who are avid Tom Selleck fans and I hope we will be treated to more than just one new movie. So glad that Tom listened to his fans and ultimately convinced a network to air more quality entertainment. Reply ↓ Rena on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Wonderful, wonderful news! Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: New Jesse Stone movies are indeed in the works, and I've update the post to reflect that. I'll post more on this when I have a chance, but in the meantime just do a search for Jesse Stone and you'll find a lot of information. Reply ↓ Margaret Woodard on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I have enjoyed the "Jesse Stone" movies. He is a very handsome man, terrific actor and brings you into the life of the story. I will be thrilled to learn that there is a new one on its way! Reply ↓ Nancy Gibbs on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I purchased all 0 movies on DVD awhile ago having caught them on tv several years ago and love Selleck as an actor. Sometimes you must watch each movie several times to catch everything that is going on. I have one question: I don't know why H (as in the calendar code) went to the boat with a bag full of money. Did he hire the shooter and was going to pay him off? He flees as he hears gun shots so what gives? I really enjoy seeing the "older" more experienced actors in the films. Also, how do you train a dog like "Reggie" to be such a great actor! Reply ↓ kevin on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Hi Nancy I've been trying to but the complete set on DVD but region 0 for uk, where did you buy yours from please? Thank you Reply ↓ Erin Chalmers on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: So overjoyed there is going to be another Jessie. I love Tom Selleck to bits and this is the best series I've ever seen. I can't wait. Silly question I know but has anyone else seen and tell me what episode William Devane wears a pink women's dressing gown when Jessie sees him in his rooms. Saw it once but have not seen it since in every time I have watched the 0 of DVDs and I have watched them at least 0 times. A friend saw it also so it was not just me. Was funny. Thanks for any comments . Reply ↓ kevin on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Could you tell me where I can but the complete set but region 0 for UK? Thank you Reply ↓ JustMe on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I watched some of these movies yesterday on Hallmark Movies but did not see all of them. You know those little things that you want to know? Well, I want to know how Jesse got Reggie back? I know in the movie where the owner died that Jessie took the dog but then didn't Jessie give Reggie to (forgot her name?) in that same movie? But in a later movie I noticed Jesse has the dog again. Hope someone will fill me in 🙂 I did search for a answer but couldn't find it. It might be there and I missed finding it. Thanks! Reply ↓ Rena on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Has anyone found out when the new movie, Lost In Paradise will be aired on the Hallmark channel? My searches indicate the fall of 0000. That could be anywhere from Sept to Dec if you go by how the calendars are broken down by seasons. Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Excellent question! The Internet Movie Database entry for Lost in Paradise (link) narrows it down to October 0000, but I'm not sure how certain that is. Everything else, as you say, simply gives the date as "fall 0000." Reply ↓ Laura C on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: All I ever see is Fall 0000. I am quite sure the closer it gets, we will see PLENTY of ads for it. I don't have the HMM&M channel (just the plain Hallmark) so I will have to wait until it comes to DVD or Netflix, but I AM glad there are MORE Jesse movies. Reply ↓ Elsie Paris on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Please Tom Selleck we all want you to make some more of your Jesse Stone movies . I am hoping ! , Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: They're coming, Elsie! At least two more of them, sometime this fall on the Hallmark Movies and Mysteries Channel (and presumably other ways sometime later). See other recent comments for more. Reply ↓ jean dowe on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Atmospheric, compelling riveting Jesse Stone movies are The Best Please come back Tom Selleck Reply ↓ COOKIE on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: SO MANY PEOPLE ARE BEGGING FOR TOM SELLECK TO RETURN TO HALLMARK WITH MORE OF JESSE STONE MOVIES. I LOVE THAT SHOW SO MUCH, IT IS THE BEST & ONLY TRULY WORTHWHILE SHOW ON TV. ALL THE ACTOR IS OUTSTANDING INCLUDING THE DOG. SO SAD THAT JOE THE DOG HAS PASSED AWAY! THIS IS A GREAT SERIES, PRODUCERS, AD PEOPLE ALL OF THEM DO NOT APPRECIATE OR ACCEPT OLDER FOLKS THAT LOVE THIS SHOW & NOT THE CRAP THAT IS ON THAT WE HAVE TO PAY FOR BIG TIME! THIS IS THE ONLY SERIES THAT I CAN WATCH OVER & OVER & NOT BE BORED! WAKE TV PRODUCERS & LEAVE THE KIDDIE SHOWS OUT & PUT ON GROWNUPS SHOWS. MY COMMENTS ARE ONLY 0 OF MANY, MANY & THE PEOPLE THAT CAN PUT THIS SHOW BACK ON, ARE DEAF TO COMMENTS. Reply ↓ Gary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Hi Cookie! In fact, Jesse Stone is returning to the Hallmark Movies and Mysteries Channel with a new film this fall, with one or two more to follow, as I understand it. I don't think a specific air date has been announced yet, but my guess is that it will be shown multiple times, probably following a Jesse Stone marathon. (By the way, word to the wise, I don't have a big problem with all caps, but some websites will jump all over you for it or even delete your comments.) Reply ↓ Marge on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: I can't get enough of Jesse Stone......his best character to date. How can you not enjoy his movies. Reply ↓ Rose Mary on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Love Jesse Stone movies. Please make more of them. Can watch them over and over. Just watched newest on. Reply ↓ Nancy on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Love Jesse Stone Character and others. Tired of all scarryhorrow movies. Want real life people who want justice done to dirty birds in high places. Like the intrigue of Jesse's mind . Love the music, drama, who done it type stories.!!! Reply ↓ Pingback: Jesse Stone on UniMás | D Gary Grady Cam GM on 0000-00-00 at 00:00 said: Jesse Stone is the greatest. Thank you Hallmark for your wisdom and dedication to the JS series to bring it back. More please, Jesse Stone is the best t.v. has to offer. 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When I switched to a plant-based diet last year, I knew I would be giving up many of my favorite meals. As a seafood lover from a very young age, the thought of never enjoying fish tacos or crab cakes again was very defeating. However, I have recently been working to recreate some of these entrees through a vegan lens, and while some take more effort and creativity than others, all are achievable and delicious. Over the holidays, I successfully prepared vegan crab cakes for my family and we loved them so much, I wanted to find a way to transform that dish into something new. The idea of Crab-Stuffed Peppers was born, and I believe this intermediate level recipe will impress even the most discerning seafood lover's palate. What you will need: 0 Medium to Large Fresh Pasilla Peppers 0 00oz Can Garbanzo Beans (save the liquid) 0 00 oz Cans Hearts of Palm (drained) 0 tsp Dijon Mustard 0 tsp Vegan Worcestershire Sauce 0 tsp Lemon Juice 0 tsp Granulated or Fresh Minced Garlic 0 tsp Nutritional Yeast (optional) ¼ Cup Vegan Mayonnaise ½ Cup Chopped Green Onions ¼ Cup Chopped Parsley (or Cilantro) 0 ½ tsp Old Bay Seasoning (a must-have for seafood lovers) 0 Cup Panko Breadcrumbs 0 tsp Kelp Granules or Crushed Seaweed Snacks. Salt and Pepper to taste Directions: Preheat oven to 000F. After rinsing and drying your peppers, place them directly on your gas range at a high flame to char the outside all around. Rotate for even charring. This can also be done with a brulee torch. Place in either a zip lock bag or sealed container while you prepare the filling. Once they have finished sweating, the skin will easily peel off and then you can slit them open and delicately remove the seeds without tearing the pepper apart. Add garbanzo beans and hearts of palm together in a food processor and pulse lightly, do not puree. You want visible chunks that resemble crab meat. This can be done by hand with a potato masher or fork. In a mixing bowl, whisk the liquid set aside from the garbanzo beans until it is foamy. Then add the vegan mayonnaise, Worcestershire, mustard, lemon juice, and all the dry ingredients. Add to the mixing bowl, the hearts of palm/ garbanzo bean mixture and fold it in with about half a cup of breadcrumbs, green onions, crushed seaweed, and chopped parsley. This will be the stuffing for the peppers. Add Salt and Pepper as needed. Finally, assemble your peppers on a baking sheet and spoon in the mixture. There should be enough to fill four peppers fully with one pepper remaining. Top the stuffed peppers with panko breadcrumbs and lightly drizzle with olive oil. Place in the preheated oven for 00 minutes. For a side dish, pick out your favorite rice/grain mixture (I use brown rice and quinoa) and prepare as directed. Add chopped cilantro, diced onion (I use the white parts of the green onions) fresh squeezed lime juice and the remaining pasilla pepper, diced. This crab mixture can also be used to make crab cakes. I would just recommend storing it in the freezer for 00 minutes before shaping the patties to keep them firm. Enjoying a plant-based meal doesn't have to be bland nor boring. Be creative, willing to think out of the box, and follow for more plant-based recipes. SHARE Facebook Twitter tweet Previous articleFANTASY SPRINGS RESORT CASINO TO HOST COMPANY-WIDEJOB FAIR ON FRIDAY, MAY 00st AT SPECIAL EVENTS CENTER Next articleWine Country Cannabis Admin RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR Columns Lindi Biggi Brings New Life to Shadow Mountain Golf Club Columns ROCK ICONS TOTO WILL BRING DOGZ OF OZ WORLD TOUR TO FANTASY SPRINGS RESORT CASINO Columns The Rock Gallery Follow Us 0FansLike 0FollowersFollow 0,000FollowersFollow CV Weekly Digital Edition CLICK HERE TO READ ONLINE! Advertisement EDITOR PICKS Lindi Biggi Brings New Life to Shadow Mountain Golf Club December 0, 0000 ROCK ICONS TOTO WILL BRING DOGZ OF OZ WORLD TOUR TO... December 0, 0000 The Rock Gallery December 0, 0000 POPULAR POSTS POPULAR CATEGORY Columns00000 Feature Stories0000 Cover Stories0000 Events0000 Local Music Spotlight000 Screeners000 The Vino Voice000 Pet Place000 Consider This000 ABOUT US Coachella Valley Weekly is an independent publication dedicated to serving our readers with the most up-to-date, interesting articles relating to them. We value our readers and strive every day to be the very best publication we can be, and thanks to you we get closer every single day. Contact us: [email protected] FOLLOW US © Copyright 0000 Coachella Valley Weekly - All Rights Reserved Worldwide × '); var formated_str = arr_splits[i].replace(/\surl\(\'(?!data\:)/gi, function regex_function(str) { return ' url(\'' + dir_path + '/' + str.replace(/url\(\'/gi, '').replace(/^\s+|\s+$/gm,''); }); splited_css += ""; } var td_theme_css = jQuery('link#td-theme-css'); if (td_theme_css.length) { td_theme_css.after(splited_css); } } }); } })();

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Hopkinton Justices of the Peace - Find a justice of the peace for your wedding or ceremony in Hopkinton, Rhode Island Punchbowl Online Invitations Digital Cards More Plans & Pricing Reminders Vendors Party Ideas Gift Cards Reasons to Celebrate Get Help You Account My Invitations My Digital Cards Account Settings Contacts Notifications Plans & Pricing Get Help Sign Out Want more? Sign In Sign Up Save for Later Sign In Sign Up Menu Sign in Online Invitations Greeting Cards More Party Ideas Gift Cards Reminders Reasons to Celebrate Vendors Follow our CEO Vendor Home Justices of the Peace Rhode Island Justices of the Peace Hopkinton Justices of the Peace Great Justices of the Peace Hopkinton, Rhode Island Looking for a justice of the peace in Hopkinton, Rhode Island? Start with our comprehensive list of justices of the peace in Hopkinton to find the perfect officiant for your wedding. Then narrow down the list to a handful that seem like a good fit for your wedding or civil ceremony. If you're looking to get married outside a courthouse, be sure to check whether the justice of peace performs marriag...Read moreLooking for a justice of the peace in Hopkinton, Rhode Island? Start with our comprehensive list of justices of the peace in Hopkinton to find the perfect officiant for your wedding. Then narrow down the list to a handful that seem like a good fit for your wedding or civil ceremony. If you're looking to get married outside a courthouse, be sure to check whether the justice of peace performs marriages at other locations. Once you find a Hopkinton justice of the peace, schedule a time to meet with the justice of peace in person to make sure you feel comfortable hiring him or her. You'll also want to look into state and city regulations to make sure a justice of peace can legally officiate a marriage in your location. When you hire a justice of peace in Hopkinton, book early if you have a preferred date. You may want to consider hearing the justice of the peace speak prior to hiring him or her since he or she will speak in front of all your guests. The justice of peace who you hire will help make your ceremony memorable. Sponsored Listings Search Results The Party People, Inc. 00 Cardinal Lane, Charlestown, RI Do you love to do your own cooking, but need help to serve and clean up once your guests arrive? Do you like to supplement your own cooking with food from other sources? If so, then The Party People’...Read moreDo you love to do your own cooking, but need help to serve and clean up once your guests arrive? Do you like to supplement your own cooking with food from other sources? If so, then The Party People’s refined, articulate, friendly, and experienced waitstaff are the answer! Our professional waitstaff are the best in Rhode Island and will do it all from set up to clean up so that you can enjoy your guests. Our outstanding servers, bartenders, managers and cooks are crisply attired in black and white or can dress appropriately for a theme party. They will set up, serve and do a thorough clean up so that you can be the consummate host or hostess. In business since 0000! The Sage Cauldron 000 Tiogue Ave., Coventry, RI Located on Rt. 0 Tiogue ave. From 00N exit ex0, bear right. Go to the traffic light, make a left. We are next to Walgreens on the right. From 00S bear left off exit and follow same. We offer over 0...Read moreLocated on Rt. 0 Tiogue ave. From 00N exit ex0, bear right. Go to the traffic light, make a left. We are next to Walgreens on the right. From 00S bear left off exit and follow same. We offer over 000 herbs:) Tarot Readings, Handpoured Magick candles, jewelry, incense, books, ritual items and so much more. You can also visit us online at sagecauldron.com Nutmeg Justice of the Peace Ledyard, CT View details Heavenly Weddings 000 Chaplin Drive, Coventry, RI View details Beautiful Homes Cleaning Company Hope Valley, RI View details Bennett Security Svc Pawcatuck, CT View details Riconn Security Westerly, RI View details Hon. Diane L. Seemann Charlestown, RI View details Battersby & Martin Home Services Voluntown, CT View details Gemma Lawrence E Mystic, CT View details Sponsored Listings Showing 0-00 of 00 Previous 0 0 0 Next Looking for a justice of the peace in Hopkinton, Rhode Island? Start with our comprehensive list of justices of the peace in Hopkinton to find the perfect officiant for your wedding. Then narrow down the list to a handful that seem like a good fit for your wedding or civil ceremony. If you're looking to get married outside a courthouse, be sure to check whether the justice of peace performs marriag...Read moreLooking for a justice of the peace in Hopkinton, Rhode Island? Start with our comprehensive list of justices of the peace in Hopkinton to find the perfect officiant for your wedding. Then narrow down the list to a handful that seem like a good fit for your wedding or civil ceremony. If you're looking to get married outside a courthouse, be sure to check whether the justice of peace performs marriages at other locations. Once you find a Hopkinton justice of the peace, schedule a time to meet with the justice of peace in person to make sure you feel comfortable hiring him or her. You'll also want to look into state and city regulations to make sure a justice of peace can legally officiate a marriage in your location. When you hire a justice of peace in Hopkinton, book early if you have a preferred date. You may want to consider hearing the justice of the peace speak prior to hiring him or her since he or she will speak in front of all your guests. The justice of peace who you hire will help make your ceremony memorable. Sponsored Listings More Staffing Bartenders Ministers Officiants Rabbis Wait Staff Search nearby for Justices of the Peace Ashaway Justices of the Peace Rockville Justices of the Peace Hope Valley Justices of the Peace Wood River Junction Justices of the Peace North Stonington Justices of the Peace Bradford Justices of the Peace Wyoming Justices of the Peace Carolina Justices of the Peace Shannock Justices of the Peace Vendors in your area Hopkinton Artist Hopkinton Bakery Hopkinton Balloons Hopkinton Band Hopkinton Catering Hopkinton Church Hopkinton DJ Hopkinton Entertainers Hopkinton Event Planner Hopkinton Flowers Hopkinton Limo Hopkinton Musicians Hopkinton Party Rentals Hopkinton Photography Hopkinton Staffing Hopkinton Tuxedo Hopkinton Venues Are you a vendor? Register now to list your business on Punchbowl. Find a Vendor By Category: All Artists Bakeries Balloons Bands Catering Churches DJs Entertainers Event Planners Flowers Limos Musicians Photography Party Rentals Staffing Tuxedos Venues By City: Atlanta, GA Austin, TX Boston, MA Brooklyn, NY Chicago, IL Dallas, TX Denver, CO Houston, TX Los Angeles, CA Minneapolis, MN Nashville, TN New York, NY Philadelphia, PA Phoenix, AZ Portland, OR Raleigh, NC San Diego, CA San Francisco, CA Seattle, WA Washington, DC About Us Company Overview Who We Are News Partner With Us Trends & Data More Find a Vendor Party Ideas Reasons to Celebrate Reminders Get In Touch Get Help Job Opportunities Contact Us Accessibility Disable accessibility options Enable accessibility options Back to top Get Help © 0000 Punchbowl, Inc. Terms of Use Privacy Policy Do Not Sell My Info CA Privacy Notice PUNCHBOWL® is a registered trademark of Punchbowl, Inc. All rights reserved. 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Wilmington Mayor Mike Purzycki celebrates opening of Rodney Square splash pad fountains As Wilmington officials celebrated the continued refurbishment of Rodney Square, Mayor Mike Purzycki said future changes may include the return of the statue of Declaration of Independence signer Caesar Rodney. "One of these days we might find a statue back here," Purzycki said at the end of ... Read More Food trucks at Rodney SquareMarket StreetMayor Mike PurzyckiRodney SquareRodney Square bus terminalRodney Square ConservancyRodney Square Farmers MarketRodney Square splash pad fountains

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Arriving in Chora you will enchant the endless blue, the traditional settlement and the unique sunset. FIND US ON MAP UNIQUE FLAVORS As for the lovers of Greek, traditional and delicious cuisine, the restaurant "KAPARI" is near you. SEE OUR MENU WARM ATMOSPHERE With the pleasant environment and the unique service, we are waiting for you to taste the rich appetizers, the delicious cooked and many other flavors. ABOUT US ABOUT US 0000 0000 0000 - The beginning of our story We started our restaurant in Sikinos at Chora in 0000 with a lot of love and taste for cooking. We wanted to offer a wide variety of island and traditional mezedes and modern dishes based on Caparis. Haris and Eugenia, as well as the well-trained staff, are close by for you to taste our special tastes. 0000 - Restaurant Kapari After almost a decade of successful presence, we continue to set the bar high on the quality of the food we offer. We have expanded the food choices we can offer you and we make everything with love and passion. We love our work a great deal and will be glad to welcome you to Sikinos and our restaurant.

http://kapari-sikinos.gr/?lang=en

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The information provided herein is supplied to the best of our abilities to make it accurate and reliable as it is published after a review by a team of professionals. This information is solely intended to provide a general overview on the product and must be used for informational purposes only. You should not use the information provided herein to diagnose, prevent, or cure a health problem. Nothing contained on this page is intended to create a doctor-patient relationship, replace or be a substitute for a registered medical practitioner's medical treatment/advice or consultation. The absence of any information or warning to any medicine shall not be considered and assumed as an implied assurance. We highly recommend that you consult your registered medical practitioner for all queries or doubts related to your medical condition. You hereby agree that you shall not make any health or medical-related decision based in whole or in part on anything contained in the Site. Please click here for detailed T&C. Please add item(s) to proceed 0 View Cart Quick links Other Products Offers Just for you 0 Lakh+ Products We maintain strict quality controls on all our partner retailers, so that you always get standard quality products. Secure Payment 000% secure and trusted payment protection Easy Return We have a new and dynamic return window policy for medicines and healthcare items. Refer FAQs section for more details.

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Coronavirus in North Carolina: Maps, graphs, latest cases and restrictions Breaking News: Map of NC shows coronavirus cases in the state <% if ( weatherAlerts > 0 ) { %> Severe Weather <% var weatherAlertsMessage = "There " + ( weatherAlerts > 0 ? "are" : "is" ) + " currently " + weatherAlerts + " active weather " + ( weatherAlerts > 0 ? "alerts" : "alert" ); %> ° Chance of precipitation Change MORE No Alerts & Closings in Your Area Sign Up to Get Future Alerts <% if ( count > 0 ) { %> 0 / 0 / Press enter to search Type to Search Search location by ZIP code ZIP <% if ( locations.length > 0 ) { %> Recent locations Advertisement Latinas hardest hit by job loss as economy recovers Share Copy Link Copy {copyShortcut} to copy Link copied! Updated: 0:00 PM EDT Jun 00, 0000 By ASTRID GALVAN Associated Press Latinas hardest hit by job loss as economy recovers Share Copy Link Copy {copyShortcut} to copy Link copied! Updated: 0:00 PM EDT Jun 00, 0000 Hide Transcript Show Transcript from March 0000 and 00 March 0000 and 00. That year long analysis, we see that Latinas actually have the biggest drop in labor force size. So the number of Latinas in the workforce of all demographic groups, that's around 0%. Um Which is the highest decrease of all other groups. When we start thinking about the beginning of the pandemic. So from March to May of 0000 and 00 we see in particular industries where they're segregated like leisure and hospitality around 000,000 Latinas, which is close to 00% across the country, just drop out. So really we can see an annual, really large decrease. But then when we hone in month to month, there's also really large drops. We spend more time really thinking about, well who's unemployed, Who's looking for a job as opposed to well who might have dropped out. And maybe why we should also be thinking about those folks that are dropping out of the workforce might not might not have any more benefits, might not be receiving, unemployment benefits, might not have an income. What does that mean? Not just for them, for their families, for their Children, but then also for the uh the economic future of the country. The pandemic hit Latina and black women, women of color the hardest we are going to take generations to recover. We hear a lot of concerns from our members who are trying to get back into the workforce and asking the question, what if other co workers or if in the workplace people are not vaccinated? That is another concern as well as the fact that we don't have child care. We are going into a long summer after a long year of pandemic and we're continuing to struggle, increased access to education, increased access to, you know, who's going to college, whose entering these higher paying jobs? I think that could help us. Um I don't think that our culture really is a problem. I think the problem is that we have no alternatives and the alternatives that are there, which are low paying jobs aren't enough to really sustain the family, aren't enough to sustain the economic and financial well being. So I think that the solution is respecting that our culture really values family, but then having policy mirror that. GET NATIONAL BREAKING NEWS ALERTS The latest breaking updates, delivered straight to your email inbox. Your Email Address Submit Privacy Notice Advertisement Latinas hardest hit by job loss as economy recovers Share Copy Link Copy {copyShortcut} to copy Link copied! Updated: 0:00 PM EDT Jun 00, 0000 By ASTRID GALVAN Associated Press Teresa Marez spent 00 years building a strong clientele base as a hair stylist in San Antonio. When her son, who is autistic, had to switch to virtual learning because of the pandemic, she quit her job to help him.It's been 00 months, and the clients are all gone.Marez is one of many Latinas who have been out of work since last year. Latinas have left the workforce at rates higher than any other demographic and have had some of the highest unemployment rates throughout the pandemic, according to a report by the UCLA Latino Policy and Politics Initiative, a Latino-focused think tank, provided to The Associated Press before its release on Wednesday.That could spell trouble not just for a post-pandemic economic recovery but for the long-term stability of the country as baby boomers continue to retire and women in general are feeling compelled to leave work. And women like Marez, who has used much of her savings, are missing out on years of economic gains.Before the pandemic, Latinas were projected to increase their numbers in the workforce by nearly 00% from 0000 to 0000 - a higher rate than any other group, the report found. It's unclear if or how that projection will now change.Marez isn't sure what she's going to do next."If I did go back to doing hair, I would be starting from the beginning again, really," she said. "I was kind of burned out anyway and I can't see myself at like 00 years old starting from the beginning."Marez is thinking about going back to school to study nutrition and Spanish, but she's still working out a plan.The UCLA study found that Latinas experienced the highest unemployment rate - 00% - of any demographic in April 0000, right after all of the business shutdowns began. By the end of 0000, when businesses were starting to reopen, Latinas and Black women still had nearly double the unemployment rate of their white counterparts, the study found.Also troubling: the rate at which Latinas dropped from the workforce altogether, which the government usually considers to be the case when someone hasn't actively looked for work in four weeks.Participation in the labor force for Latinas aged 00 to 00 fell from 00% pre-pandemic to just below 00% in May 0000, according to the latest available data by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. That translates to 000,000 fewer Latinas working or seeking work.Kassandra Hernández, a lead researcher on the UCLA report, said this is crucial to how the economy recovers from the pandemic."If we don't recognize the complexities or the nuances of these narratives, of what's happening with Latinas, we might actually be set back," Hernández said.Simply put: The American workforce needs Latinas to fill the many jobs that are slowly starting to come back, and those that will be left behind by retiring baby boomers.Sylvia Allegretto, a labor economist at the University of California, Berkeley, said the U.S. economy already faces challenges from slowing birthrates, an aging workforce and declining immigration. Retirements among older Americans have also increased. A growing workforce is a key driver of economic growth."The long-term trend is we don't have enough workers," she said. "If you want to make sure you have a vibrant, growing economy, you need more people."But Allegretto said businesses also need to offer higher pay and better benefits so that more of those who were laid off or quit jobs during the pandemic can re-enter the workforce. That may take more time as much of the economy is still reopening from the pandemic shutdown. California just lifted all its business restrictions Tuesday, she noted."If (employers) have to start sweetening the deal, maybe with some benefits, maybe with some time off, that's a good thing," Allegretto said.Latinas face many hurdles. Research has shown Latinas are more likely than all other U.S. mothers to stay home with children instead of work. They also tend to do much more work at home than the men in their lives, spending twice as much time on household activities and nearly three times more time caring for household members than Latinos.Latinas are overrepresented in low-wage jobs in the hospitality and broader service industries, stifling their upward mobility.Hernández said women need access to child care, better pay and educational opportunities to help them overcome not just the disparities in career opportunities but the setbacks that the pandemic brought.The pandemic forced many Latinas to leave work to care not just for their children but also for extended family - "the tios or abuelos or vecinos - you name it," said Xochitl Oseguera, the vice president of MamásConPoder, the Spanish-language community that's part of MomsRising, a grassroots organization that works to improve women's economic security.Latinos were disproportionately affected by the pandemic. They were more than twice as likely to die from COVID-00 as whites, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Their vaccination rates are much lower, too, so while many Americans feel the coronavirus is behind them, the pandemic lives in Latino communities.Oseguera works with Latinas in different industries and hears firsthand why so many haven't returned to the workforce."They're worried about going back and getting sick," Oseguera said. "My hope is also that those jobs really reconsider the way that we have been working with essential workers to not only have a secure environment but also have access to paid family leave, paid sick leave, access to fair pay, so that we can really recover from the last year of not being part of the workforce."For Ciara Fernandez Faber, going back to work also depends on the work-life balance she needs to care for her toddler. Faber, who lives in Denver, left her job as an attorney when her son's preschool closed. Her husband is a doctor, and it wasn't an option for him to stay home with him."To my experience, like, it doesn't matter what profession it is, it just seems like across the board it's impacted Latina women more. I don't know if it's like values that we place on work-life balance or child care issues. I don't know," Faber said. - -Associated Press writers Alexandra Olson in New York City and Chris Rugaber in Arlington, Virginia, contributed to this report. Teresa Marez spent 00 years building a strong clientele base as a hair stylist in San Antonio. When her son, who is autistic, had to switch to virtual learning because of the pandemic, she quit her job to help him. It's been 00 months, and the clients are all gone. Advertisement Marez is one of many Latinas who have been out of work since last year. Latinas have left the workforce at rates higher than any other demographic and have had some of the highest unemployment rates throughout the pandemic, according to a report by the UCLA Latino Policy and Politics Initiative, a Latino-focused think tank, provided to The Associated Press before its release on Wednesday. That could spell trouble not just for a post-pandemic economic recovery but for the long-term stability of the country as baby boomers continue to retire and women in general are feeling compelled to leave work. And women like Marez, who has used much of her savings, are missing out on years of economic gains. Before the pandemic, Latinas were projected to increase their numbers in the workforce by nearly 00% from 0000 to 0000 - a higher rate than any other group, the report found. It's unclear if or how that projection will now change. Marez isn't sure what she's going to do next. "If I did go back to doing hair, I would be starting from the beginning again, really," she said. "I was kind of burned out anyway and I can't see myself at like 00 years old starting from the beginning." Marez is thinking about going back to school to study nutrition and Spanish, but she's still working out a plan. The UCLA study found that Latinas experienced the highest unemployment rate - 00% - of any demographic in April 0000, right after all of the business shutdowns began. By the end of 0000, when businesses were starting to reopen, Latinas and Black women still had nearly double the unemployment rate of their white counterparts, the study found. Also troubling: the rate at which Latinas dropped from the workforce altogether, which the government usually considers to be the case when someone hasn't actively looked for work in four weeks. Participation in the labor force for Latinas aged 00 to 00 fell from 00% pre-pandemic to just below 00% in May 0000, according to the latest available data by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. That translates to 000,000 fewer Latinas working or seeking work. Kassandra Hernández, a lead researcher on the UCLA report, said this is crucial to how the economy recovers from the pandemic. "If we don't recognize the complexities or the nuances of these narratives, of what's happening with Latinas, we might actually be set back," Hernández said. Simply put: The American workforce needs Latinas to fill the many jobs that are slowly starting to come back, and those that will be left behind by retiring baby boomers. Sylvia Allegretto, a labor economist at the University of California, Berkeley, said the U.S. economy already faces challenges from slowing birthrates, an aging workforce and declining immigration. Retirements among older Americans have also increased. A growing workforce is a key driver of economic growth. "The long-term trend is we don't have enough workers," she said. "If you want to make sure you have a vibrant, growing economy, you need more people." But Allegretto said businesses also need to offer higher pay and better benefits so that more of those who were laid off or quit jobs during the pandemic can re-enter the workforce. That may take more time as much of the economy is still reopening from the pandemic shutdown. California just lifted all its business restrictions Tuesday, she noted. "If (employers) have to start sweetening the deal, maybe with some benefits, maybe with some time off, that's a good thing," Allegretto said. Latinas face many hurdles. Research has shown Latinas are more likely than all other U.S. mothers to stay home with children instead of work. They also tend to do much more work at home than the men in their lives, spending twice as much time on household activities and nearly three times more time caring for household members than Latinos. Latinas are overrepresented in low-wage jobs in the hospitality and broader service industries, stifling their upward mobility. Hernández said women need access to child care, better pay and educational opportunities to help them overcome not just the disparities in career opportunities but the setbacks that the pandemic brought. The pandemic forced many Latinas to leave work to care not just for their children but also for extended family - "the tios or abuelos or vecinos - you name it," said Xochitl Oseguera, the vice president of MamásConPoder, the Spanish-language community that's part of MomsRising, a grassroots organization that works to improve women's economic security. Latinos were disproportionately affected by the pandemic. They were more than twice as likely to die from COVID-00 as whites, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Their vaccination rates are much lower, too, so while many Americans feel the coronavirus is behind them, the pandemic lives in Latino communities. Oseguera works with Latinas in different industries and hears firsthand why so many haven't returned to the workforce. "They're worried about going back and getting sick," Oseguera said. "My hope is also that those jobs really reconsider the way that we have been working with essential workers to not only have a secure environment but also have access to paid family leave, paid sick leave, access to fair pay, so that we can really recover from the last year of not being part of the workforce." For Ciara Fernandez Faber, going back to work also depends on the work-life balance she needs to care for her toddler. Faber, who lives in Denver, left her job as an attorney when her son's preschool closed. Her husband is a doctor, and it wasn't an option for him to stay home with him. "To my experience, like, it doesn't matter what profession it is, it just seems like across the board it's impacted Latina women more. I don't know if it's like values that we place on work-life balance or child care issues. I don't know," Faber said. - - Associated Press writers Alexandra Olson in New York City and Chris Rugaber in Arlington, Virginia, contributed to this report. Good Housekeeping 0 Best Space Heaters of 0000 0 Best Vacuums for Pet Hair of 0000, According to Tests By Cleaning Pros These Online Plant Delivery Services Will Totally Greenify Your Home 00 Best Rugs to Tie Your Living Room Together Loading more articles... checked="checked"/> Copy Link Copy {copyShortcut} to copy Link copied! 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What a treat we have for you all today! Not one, but two outfits for today to showcase. We thought it would be interesting to see the garments, and how they look on in motion (head over & subscribe to our YouTube page for more). Who better to model them, than our two lovely Blossom ladies!

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Approximately 0/0 inch thick with colors from brown, to variegated beige/yellow/orange. Shapes range from square, rectangle, hexagonal and more. All these names are treated in the same manner: "Mexican Saltillo Tile", "Saltillo Tile", "Tecate Tile". Some batches of this surfacing can be very absorbent and will tend to soak up a lot of sealer if you just keep pouring it on. Too decrease the amount of sealer used - follow the label suggestions. "Talavera Tile" are a type of Mexican Saltillo Tile that has a multi-color kiln fired glazed applied in a decorative pattern. This glaze puts it into a different "care" category - see "Glazed Tile". "Mission Tile" is a cement product and is discussed on the " Concrete Tile" page. Further "Items of Interest" for this surfacing, and all others, are at the bottom of this page. How to: Seal | Clean | Repair | Protect Strip & Restore | Easy Care If your tile comes from the distributor already sealed, it is treated very differently. See the Surface Types page for "Factory Sealed". Your Saltillo tile does need to be sealed. After that you are maintaining the sealer surface, not the tile. Make the right choices now and stay happy with your floor. Unsealed Sealed Advantages of Mexican Saltillo Tile: (Note: any negative thing you may have been told is overcome here with good, old common sense information.) Traditional old world beauty | Creates a rich, soft feeling | Many choices for sealer finish gloss level - from none to high gloss | The right sealer can also make it durable. Your Choices for Sealing This surface may dictate a sealer choice you may not be considering yet. You can prevent efflorescence, lime pops, errosion, etc. Our suggestions to test are: Penetrating petroleum solvent formulas with acrylic solids. These can be sprayed to finish nicely, but solids level might need to be adjusted if manufacturer allows dilution. Water based film forming that can flow out and self-level. Water based penetrating that is usually invisible when dry. Click here to see What effects you can expect from each sealer type. Click here to see our suggested sealers, cleaners, and application tools. Most people have no idea about the history and characteristics of their flooring. You can click this link to see how to easily test with water drops and understand which sealer is most appropriate for your goals. Some questions you may not be thinking to ask right now that could become important: . Was it sealed in the past? Does that matter? . Will a new sealer be compatible with whatever was used before? . What sealer will give the visual results you want? . Will you also be able to have a sealer solve problem(s)? ( Answer: yes. Just know which to pick.) Items of Interest You may have heard of concerns about Agglomerates. All of them would be prevented with the information we provide here. Therefore, you can have the floor you want! How to select a sealer To select a sealer it is good to have some idea of the absorption rate so you achieve the gloss level (none to high) and all the other benefits available without using more sealer than necessary. Also, you can test for (and protect against) acidic liquid sensitivity. A sealer can do far more than just bead water and look pretty! To see what that is click here. Important: If your project has had any sealer applied in the past, it must be evaluated differently. To see why, Click here! Sealer "solids" levels? This discussion applies only to the petroleum solvent based sealers. With the water based sealers, solids level is not a consideration. A porous surface will require more gallons (more money) of a lower solids sealer than using a higher solids level sealer. That, plus different surfaces have different requirements. It is only a matter of which is best for your needs. The more porous the surface, the more solids will be required to achieve the desired effects of gloss, strengthening, stopping efflorescence, etc. The more porous the surface, generally the greater the need for the sealer to create a stronger surface. An old sealer below the surface, even after stripping, will lower the absorption and porosity to some degree. Sometimes it is uneven below the surface and can create an uneven coloring effect with a color enhancing sealer applied later. Another reason to test first. Do not believe yet that you have the type of surfacing you were told: There is no need for confusion or problems brought about by misidentification of a surface type, yet it happens all too often. Sellers use fancy marketing names that can be misleading about the true nature of a surfacing. For instance, a customer was told they bought "Petite Granite" for a bar surface. But, unlike granite it was etching circles from wine drips. After simple testing, it proved to be a limestone which is treated very differently than granite. It was easily restored and protected after a 00 second test. Please review our "Surface Types" page to compare pictures, descriptions, and testing if needed, to confirm you have what you were told. Colors fading? The iron oxide pigments used in concrete products, and the colored clays in clay products, do not fade . The appearance of fading is actually from tiny efflorescence particles (white powder) in the pores. It can be removed and color restored with a good efflorescence cleaner and then stopped from returning, and color restored, by sealing with the appropriate "color enhancing" sealer. Renew a glossy finish Re: "penetrating sealers": do not apply thin layer upon thin layer. Apply a sufficient quantity to insure below surface penetration & bonding. A layer of sealer on top of another layer of sealer can result in poor bonding between layers and that can cause separation peeling that looks grayish. Concerned about Doing It Yourself or what your contractor says? If you are concerned about doing it yourself - consider that the satisfaction of a project is directly related to YOUR knowledge of what needs to be done and how. Who actually does the work is less important. The goal for contractors is - NO CALL BACKS. A good contractor will understand the logic of not taking shortcuts.

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A stunning outdoor dining table, the Karaka will bring modern lines to your patio, deck or garden space. Refined in charcoal, the aluminium frame compliments a refined slated teak top. Pair with your pick from our selection of outdoor chairs.

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Today I am thankful for water. For clean drinking water. For flushing toilets. For beaches and waterways which are safe to swim in. Last week I was staying with family in Sydney, where current kitchen renovations mean there is no operational stove, oven or kitchen sink. While cooking dinner, we mused about the minor inconvenience of having to wash dishes in the bathroom instead of conveniently in the kitchen. At the same time, I am also reminded that having readily available clean water and sanitation is something that many people in the world do not have access to. While I was in Sydney, I checked out Water Stories: The global water crisis in pictures, a photographic exhibition which is currently showing at Sydney's Botanic Gardens. It tells stories of pollution from leather tanneries in India; changes to river flows and the associated impacts on people and aquatic species from the Three Gorges Dam in China; and water borne diseases such as cholera thriving in Pakistan and Nigeria from poor sanitation and open defecation practices. These stories and more are shown through a series of vivid photographs and descriptions of people interacting with the water environment in various ways. Pakistan: Women have too walk three hours a day to the nearest borehole, where water levels are continually becoming lower, making it more difficult to haul water to the surface. The exhibition also highlights some success stories, which demonstrate improvements in people's living standards and waterway health through work done by great organisations such as Water Aid and WWF. The restoration of Lake Hong, one of the largest lakes in China is a prime example. The lake was cut off from the Yangzte River in the 0000s which resulted in changes to the water flows and ecology of the lake. It became polluted, affecting many of the lake's fish species and people that depended on the lake for their survival. The work done by WWF here has been effective in revitalising the lake's ecosystem, while actively involving the local community in the process. Despite this story and others, it is clear there is still much more work to be done to ensure that Goal 0 (Ensure access to water and sanitation for all) of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals is met. As a westerner, it can be all too easy to look at photographs and stories such as these and feel sorry for the people and their situation without considering one's own relationship to these stories. I believe it is important to be mindful of one's own impact on water both nearby and afar. For many in the developing world, inaccessibility to clean water and sanitation present a real threat to survival on a daily basis. For my family, the slight disruption of cooking and washing procedures during house renovations does not threaten our health or well-being. There are water stories in our own backyards which may seem more relevant to us. Closer to home for me, the ‘swimmability' of rivers in New Zealand has become a key topic in this year's national election due to growing public concern over high levels of river contamination attributed to both urbanisation and intensive dairy farming. In Australia, there is on-going dialogue on how to solve the widespread sustainability issues associated with over allocation of water in the Murray-Darling River Basin. Water issues in countries such as China, could also be linked to lifestyles in western countries, as consumers buy many goods manufactured in an increasingly industrialised China. There, widespread pollution problems are affecting the health of local populations. While awareness of these issues is important, what is even more so, is to recognise the potential they have for bringing people together to work with nature and collectively solve some of these problems. China has an opportunity to become a world leader in creating clean waterways in harmony with healthy cities. New Zealand has the potential to live up to its ‘clean, green' image, to restore waterways in a manner which allows recreation and cultural needs to flourish alongside a prospering economy. Am I perhaps being too optimistic?! We must remember that we are all dependent on water to live, whether we drink purified water at the turn of a tap or walk several miles to haul water from a borehole. The water stories of people in India, China, Nigeria and Pakistan told through this exhibition are not just their stories, they are everyone's stories. We are connected with these water stories whether we can see their impacts or not. And we also have our own water stories to tell. Water Stories is on for another day in Sydney (finishes 0th September) and will be displaying at Brisbane's South Bank, 00th to 00th September, 0000. The Water Stories Exhibition at Sydney's Botanic Gardens The Water Stories Exhibition at Sydney's Botanic Gardens Share this: Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Like this: Like Loading... Related Posted in Human rights, Sustainability, WaterTagged ecology, Pollution, restoration, sdgs, sustainabledevelopment, sustainabledevelopmentgoals, unitednations, Water, water quality, waterforlife, waterstories Post navigation Sustainability: an Exquisite Fabric Sustainability: A Journey not a Destination 0 thoughts on "Water Stories" Carol Caon says: September 0, 0000 at 0:00 pm Thought- provoking and insightful. Thanks for bringing this worldwide dilemma to the attention of us "first world" countries. We need a wake-up call! LikeLike Reply anethicalyarn says: September 0, 0000 at 0:00 am Thanks Carol 🙂 LikeLike Reply Pingback: What a Load of Rubbish! - An Ethical Yarn Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here... Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: Email (required) (Address never made public) Name (required) Website You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account. ( Log Out / Change ) Cancel Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Notify me of new posts via email. Δ Follow Me LinkedIn Instagram Medium Follow Blog via Email Email Address: Follow Blog Categories Blog Categories Select Category Book Reviews (0) Climate change (00) economy (0) Education (00) Energy (0) Ethics (00) Film Reviews (0) Food (00) Human rights (00) Inequality (0) Nature (00) Poetry (0) Pollution (00) Reviews (0) Sustainability (00) Travel and adventure (00) Waste (00) Water (0) well-being (0) Categories Categories Select Category Book Reviews (0) Climate change (00) economy (0) Education (00) Energy (0) Ethics (00) Film Reviews (0) Food (00) Human rights (00) Inequality (0) Nature (00) Poetry (0) Pollution (00) Reviews (0) Sustainability (00) Travel and adventure (00) Waste (00) Water (0) well-being (0) Instagram At #COP00, 00 countries have committed to completely cut coal use by 0000s & 00s. "We are the greatest problem solvers to have ever existed on earth" Introducing @community_changemakers , a #sustainabilityeducation programme that supports people to instigate positive changes in their communities and surrounding #environment through community led projects for change 🌿🌻🌏😃❤ Who else gets excited when they get a delivery of cleaning products from @vessel_nundah ? Second hand furniture. I love posting positive photos. But this is what I collected this morning on my short run along the #kedronbrook .

https://anethicalyarn.com/2017/09/04/water-stories/?like_comment=2&_wpnonce=4248719401

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Davis Aurini takes aim at lizard people, media plotters, and other enemies of Roosh - We Hunted The Mammoth Skip to the content Search We Hunted The Mammoth Misogyny, tracked and mocked Menu Comments Policy Why a Mammoth? About David Futrelle Support the Mammoth! WTF is a MGTOW? A Glossary Search Search for: Close search Close Menu Comments Policy Why a Mammoth? About David Futrelle Support the Mammoth! WTF is a MGTOW? A Glossary Categories #gamergate antifeminism block that metaphor citation needed davis aurini drama kings dude you've got no fucking idea what you're talking about entitled babies evil SJWs grandiosity irony alert men who should not ever be with women ever none dare call it conspiracy post contains sarcasm PUA reactionary bullshit red pill return of kings rhymes with roosh Davis Aurini takes aim at lizard people, media plotters, and other enemies of Roosh Post author By David Futrelle Post date February 0, 0000 000 Comments on Davis Aurini takes aim at lizard people, media plotters, and other enemies of Roosh What is love? Lizard don't hurt me. I realize that most of you are probably feeling as Rooshed-out as I am, and would like to move on to posts with a very low percentage of Roosh content, if any at all. But I feel I would be remiss not to bring to your attention a post by our old friend, the urban cowboy/white nationalist (on paper) Davis M.J. Aurini, published on Roosh's Return of Kings site on Friday. Entitled "Why International Meetup Day Was Cancelled," it is perhaps the dumbest thing anyone has yet or will ever write on the subject. Mr. Aurini starts off by positing the existence of a vast, Australia-wide media conspiracy against his buddy Roosh, a conspiracy showing the "extreme cunning" of the enemies of all that is good and true: During Gamgergate [sic] it was revealed that the gaming press were coordinating behind the scenes, deciding which topics would be discussed and promoted, and which ones would be censored and dropped into the memory hole. Given that on February 0nd six nearly identical articles were published throughout the Australian press within hours of one another, all describing Return of Kings as a "Rape Group," it is a near certainty that the Australian press is similarly controlled by collusion between the reporters on secret message boards. Emphasis mine. His proof of this conspiracy is a blurry image showing that a number of Australian papers RAN ARTICLES ABOUT ROOSH WITH IDENTICAL TITLES on the same day. Which might be evidence of a vast conspiracy amongst Australian journalists except for the fact that all of the newspapers in question are owned by the same media conglomerate and regularly run the exact same articles as one another, much in the way that newspapers across the US regularly run identical stories by the Associated Press. A conspiracy so immense that proof of it is blurry! Indeed, if you look carefully at the blurry proof Aurini offers as proof of conspiracy, you'll see that some of the papers in question also ran identical articles on what Myers and David Jones - apparently big Australian department store chains? - are planning to do to usher in a new fashion season. I'm pretty sure that even the most cunning SJWs could not dream up a conspiracy so deliciously eeeevil that it would require not only media manipulation of news about Roosh but also unanimity of coverage on Australian department store fashion as well. Don't anyone mention this to Aurini, but I have proof that NEARLY IDENTICAL "WIZARD OF ID" COMICS are running today in newspapers around the world! COLLUSION AT ITS MOST NEFARIOUS!!! Aurini then offers this, well, unique explanation of the behavior of Roosh's enemies, which for some reason involves flocks of lizard people. The behaviour we've witnessed over the past week is perfectly explained by flocks of narcissists, organized online, exercising vicious cunning with a human's capacity for abstract thought. They are the metaphorical lizard people, dressed in skin suits, unreasonable and unrepentant. Lizard people, you say? Their goal is pandemonium. So long as it is chaotic, degraded, cheap, infectious, and ugly, they will endorse it, and they will use any tactic to achieve it: violence, lies, false philosophies, and pretend victimhood. They will be crying and vulnerable one moment, and coldly murderous the next. They are vicious, they are legion, and they're organized as only animals who have known sin could possibly be. We see you. So apparently Aurini has discovered peyote? Aurini continues bumbling his way through more failed metaphors, at one point declaring that Through introspection we will hear the voice of our conductor, and learn what song it is that we are meant to sing. After saying a whole lot of nothing, he winds up the piece with a warning for all of us lizard people who've been so darn mean to poor old Roosh. A final word for all of those who attacked us, slandered us, and threatened us; we, the men who would defend you against those who would enslave and exploit you; we who fight, not for ourselves, but for the future. Alas, Aurini's "final word" is actually several hundred. We will remember who you are, and we are a larger chorus than you know. That ex-boyfriend who stole your heart? One of us. That charming married man at your office, with the beautiful wife? One of us. That wise mentor who helped you more than you'll than you'll ever know? One of us. Huh. I rather doubt that the lesbian cultural history professor I had as an advisor in grad school - if anyone was ever my mentor, it was probably her - reads Return of Kings. The battle for civilization will be neither quick nor easy. We will win, but not without great struggle and many casualties amongst those who refused to pick a side. So remember something: when you or your womenfolk are being viciously assaulted and raped by third world savages whom you defended while decrying us - or by some gestapo thug, whom you empowered to oppress us, their breath rancid with garlic and rotting teeth - That is the future you chose by standing against men of virtue. Yep, another far-right fantasy of a righteous apocalypse that will put all of us SJWs in their place. I'm just a little surprised to see Aurini - a white nationalist Holocaust denier who has more than a few kind things to say about Hitler - depicting the Gestapo as the bad guys. Share this: Tweet Share on Tumblr Email More Pocket Print Like Loading... Related Tags #gamergate, conspiracy theory, davis aurini, lizard people, pick-up artists, pickup artists, PUA, roosh, roosh v, roosh valizadeh ← Scenes from yesterday's anti-Roosh, anti-rape rallies. With bonus Jemaine Clement → Dean Esmay warns men: "Roosh V wants you dead even more than feminists do." Er, what? 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Learn how your comment data is processed. 000 Comments Inline Feedbacks View all comments MexicanHotChocolate 0 years ago David Icke read Aurini's column, shook his head, and thought, "This clown's gone off the rails." Luzbelitx 0 years ago @Bernardo Hey, no problem, glad to help! I must confess with shame that I haven't read any of Oesterheld's works *hangs head in shame* El Eternauta is mostly regarded as his top work, though, and its main character has *some* points in common with Mort Cinder. The story of Eternauta is usually considered a metaphor of politics, with an alien invasion representing the State taking arms against the citizens (as happened often during the 00th century in Argentina), and the resistance is always in groups rather than one big hero saving everyone. It is also a fine critique of the use of terror to run societies based on violence. If you like his other work, I think you should definitely take a look at this one, in fact I'm already thinking I should, too! Falconer 0 years ago I think we're going to have to be patient with Civ 0 - Firaxis just released XCOM 0, after all! And it is glorious. Never before have I ragequit with such a profound sense of can't wait to play again jitters. Kreator 0 years ago @Bernardo: I second Luzbelitx, reading El Eternauta is a must if you have the chance. Too bad there's not an English version yet, because it really would be a fine recommendation for anyone in this site! @Luz: Do it; you'll love it, I'm sure. While you're at it, I also recommend you to look out for the book "Mas Allá de Gelo", which collects many of his short stories; most of them are priceless. Even Clarke, Asimov and Bradbury could learn a thing or two from him (at least in my opinion, of course). Orion 0 years ago XCOM 0 seems promising, but the framerate chug is nigh unforgivable. I see no reason why my box that runs Mass Effect and Dragon Age smoothly should be choking on an XCOM game. XCOM EU runs incredibly smooth, so I don't know why they went so overboard with the graphical upgrades. Between that, and the fact that I'm sharing XCOM 0 with my brother, I've decided to finish XCOM Long War instead. Bernardo Soares 0 years ago @ Luz Thanks! I guess I'm going to go for it, the story sounds like it's gonna be right up my alley, and I've read about the eery prescience with which he predicted a lot of aspects of Argentinian society under military dictatorship nearly twenty years before the fact. I'm always interested in good pop culture's entanglements in politics and history, so I'll probably add this to my slowly growing comic book collection. Bernardo Soares 0 years ago @Orion Long War is still a project of mine. Need more time. Also for time reasons, I could only dip a toe in XCOM 0, but it's great! I had the same framerate problem despite a quite new computer, not the superduper rig, but good enough. It helped me a lot to reduce Ambient Occlusion and AA to the minimal setting (FXAA and Tile AO); you can also disable it entirely without much of a loss in graphic quality. I think, though, that this should be patched; everybody seems to have that problem. Bernardo Soares 0 years ago @ Kreator: Thanks, will do. I'll also look out for the stories, although it seems from your comment that those were not translated into English. I also can't find a German translation. EJ (The Other One) 0 years ago I stopped at Civ 0. To me, that's the canonical Civ. That said, I was a big fan of Alpha Centauri, so Beyond Earth is something I should probably check out. Lady Mondegreen 0 years ago That ex-boyfriend who stole your heart? One of us. That charming married man at your office, with the beautiful wife? One of us. Stop living in fantasyland, Aurini. Your followers are like you and Roosh: most of them are unmarried and unpartnered; none of them possess charm or wisdom. Lady Mondegreen 0 years ago (Or happiness.) guy 0 years ago Oh yeah, petty complaint about the new diplomatic system. I've sort of been working on a sponsor mod for my own entertainment, and the new diplomatic system means so... much... typing... You need praise and condemn lines for every single thing they have an opinion on. That's a lot, and I've been kind of reaching on getting a character-appropriate condemn line for some of them. Bernardo Soares 0 years ago That said, I was a big fan of Alpha Centauri, so Beyond Earth is something I should probably check out. Don't. At least not with the expectation to get something similar to AC. I agree that it's not "Civ V in space", but it's closer to Civ V than to AC. WeirwoodTreeHugger 0 years ago Their obsession with HR is telling. Most employees won't have to deal with them much beyond things like routine paperwork regarding benefits or tax forms. If you're dealing with HR a lot, it's because you're antagonizing your co-workers or managers or you're harassing someone or otherwise violating company policies. The only people who I ever see railing against HR are harassers and victims of harassment. 0 guesses which group manurespherians fall into. Miss Andry 0 years ago Oh yeah I saw this on Saturday. As I wrote, Aurini is as good a writer as he is a documentary filmmaker. I stand by that. Kreator 0 years ago @Bernardo: You're welcome, and you're right, I doubt that book has been translated 🙁 That said, since I'm such a fanboy and I don't know when will be the next time I'll be able to bring up Oesterheld in some sort of proper context... Here I have one of my favorite texts from that book, which was thankfully short enough to translate for everybody's enjoyment: Science Somewhere in the vast sands of Mars there's a very strange and very small crystal. If you pick up the crystal and peek through it, you'll see the bone behind your eye, and deeper inside lights that go on and off, sick lights that don't manage to burn, they are your thoughts. If you then press the crystal in the direction of the middle axis, your thoughts will acquire dazzling clarity and accuracy, you'll discover at once the key to the whole Universe, you'll finally be able to answer even the last why. Somewhere in Mars that crystal can be found. In order to find it we must examine the endless sands grain by grain. We know as well that, as soon as we find it and try to pick it up, the crystal will disintegrate, we will only have left some dust between our fingers. All that we know, but we search for it anyway. Miss Andry 0 years ago Also, I for one welcome our metaphorical reptilian overlords. Bernardo Soares 0 years ago @ Kreator That is so cool, thank you so much! What a beautiful vignette. Really, thank you, that made my day. Ben 0 years ago @ artor nutter (n.) "one who gathers nuts," late 00c., from nut + -er. Meaning "crazy person" is British slang, 0000, from nut + er. Nuttery "mental hospital" is attested from 0000; earlier it meant "place for storing nuts" (0000). nut (n.) Meaning "crazy person, crank" is attested from 0000 (British form nutter first attested 0000; nut-case is from 0000); see nuts. nuts (adj.) "crazy," 0000, from earlier be nutts upon "be very fond of" (0000), which is possibly from nuts (plural noun) "any source of pleasure" (0000s), from nut (q.v.). Sense influenced probably by metaphoric application of nut to "head" (0000, as in to be off one's nut "be insane," 0000). Nuts as a derisive retort is attested from 0000. Connection with the slang "testicle" sense has tended to nudge it toward taboo. "On the N.B.C. network, it is forbidden to call any character a nut; you have to call him a screwball." ["New Yorker," Dec. 00, 0000] "Please eliminate the expression ‘nuts to you' from Egbert's speech." [Request from the Hays Office regarding the script of "The Bank Dick," 0000] This desire for avoidance accounts for the euphemism nerts (c. 0000). I love etymonline.com. For when you don't have access to the OED's etymology tables, there's etymonline! GhostBird 0 years ago Just realized that Aurini meant conductor in the sense of ‘one who directs an orchestra'. I've been trying to figure out how trains fit into this mess for hours. Crip Dyke 0 years ago @dreadnought: @Crip I hope you're playing as Elizabeth. I like to play a nice peaceful game while I beeline all the naval techs, then warmonger once I can build ship-of-the line. I also like to imagine the leaders of other Civs start running around with their arms flailing while shouting "the English are coming, flee!" First: One presumes that your online name has nothing at all, no nothing! to do with this statement. Second: Although ship-of-the-line is indeed a great tech, and I love the sight-and-speed bonuses you get with Exploration (civ 0 social policy tree), the Great Lighthouse, and with playing as Elizabeth, I tend to go Dido. The free harbors mean every coastal city has a money-making capital connection from the moment I invent the wheel. The re-investment of that money from early times means I get to the renaissance and early-industrial earlier than other civs. I can focus first on science buildings since I'm already getting a bit more gold than I would have (and 00% of a city's early gold isn't going to be more than 0gp anyway), I incur vastly fewer money-upkeep costs from roads - saving at least 0g per inland city (when I make any inland cities at all), saving the 0gp for harbor maintenance for coastal cities, and saving all those turns working which the workers can put into other tile improvements and all those hammers which can go into other buildings. Really, I think Dido is the bomb, b/c I believe in the power of compound interest. However, there's a mod out now I want to try that introduces a new civ based on the Wabanaki. No free harbor, but the special building is a lighthouse that also functions as a harbor - so, hey, free harbor if you build a lighthouse. Doesn't give it to you from the instant you make the city, but still pretty good. On top of that, they have a unique tile improvement (a fishing village, I think). It can only be built on land that borders water, but captures adjacent coast tiles, lake tiles, and land-that-boarders-water tiles. I haven't tried it yet, so i don't know if it captures inland land tiles that are adjacent to rivers, but it might. In any case, the ability to snatch up territory (not infinitely - the fishing villages cannot be built adjacent to a fishing village, and must be built on a tile already in your territory) combined with the ability to get early and easy access to harbors combined much of what I like about Dido with much of what I like about the Shoshone. Of course, you never get to stuff "Carthago delenda est" down Caesar's throat, but then you can't have everything. As for peaceful game + naval tech ===> total warmonger... ...isn't that what everybody does? Isn't that where we got the saying: Fusillade them from offshore - it's the only way to be sure. Paradoxical Intention 0 years ago I read those snippets, and this is the only thing I imagine could have been going through Aurini's head: http://i0000.photobucket.com/albums/s000/Paradoxys0DS/delete%00later_zpscawqahe0.jpg And I feel so dirty and cringy. *shudder* We need to chip in so we can get Aurini this shirt. Alan Robertshaw | February 0, 0000 at 0:00 am animals who have known sin Known it, enjoyed it and would thoroughly recommend it. There's a special place in Hell for me and it's called the motherfucking throne. #SintoWin brooked | February 0, 0000 at 0:00 pm Also, newspapers with huge editorial staffs are somehow "controlled by collusion between the reporters on secret message boards"? I guess Professor Skull doesn't know what editors do in any medium. I laughed so hard I coughed up more phlegm. How very dare you entertain me so while I'm still sick? Dreadnought 0 years ago @Miss Andry The shocking twist is that our new metaphorical reptilian overlords is ourselves! DUN... Dun...dunnn... How will humanity save itself from a group of humans who are metaphorically lizard people dressed as humans which makes them a part of humanity so effectively humanity is struggling against itself? Visit ROK to read more pseudo-intellectual piffle to find out! Tovius 0 years ago @GhostBird Well, trains would certainly make his screed more entertaining. Luzbelitx 0 years ago Too bad there's not an English version yet, because it really would be a fine recommendation for anyone in this site! Hey, that means it's up to us to do the job? http://ericdye.it/wp-content/uploads/0000/00/Challenge-Accepted-Meme.jpg Dreadnought 0 years ago @Crip First: One presumes that your online name has nothing at all, no nothing! to do with this statement. I've been a naval war-gamer as a child and it was actually wargaming that led me to Civ0; also I'm a Britophile - and this isn't a statement you often hear from a Chinese person. 😂 As for Elizabeth, she's pretty much Genghis Kahn of the sea. Her unique ability is lacking, but she has two incredibly powerful units. I find that you don't even have to be the first to reach navigation, just get there in a reasonable amount of time before combustion and you'll have a matchless navy that's perfect for capturing cities. Sorry for being predictable but my favourite civilisation has to be Poland. He has benefits that helps in all aspects of the game - militarily, culturally, economically, and in production. You can build wide and the free social policy will help you offset the culture penalty, or you can go tall and finish off a few more policy trees. The experience mounted units get from stables means that you can put off building barracks if your focus is on the economy, or you can churn out more experienced units if you want to warmonger early on. As for peaceful game + naval tech ===> total warmonger... When I play Poland or Mongolia I always make sure I research horseriding first as Poland, the wheel as Mongolia and chivalry in both cases; which means I tend to neglect naval technologies. Miss Andry 0 years ago @Paradoxical Intention Gee, thanks for that, now I know what my nightmares will be about. http://i00.photobucket.com/albums/h000/DRCEQ0/Random%00stuff/badimage.jpg Mortarius 0 years ago I love civ 0, the removal of unit stacking made all the difference to me, now war isnt just about who churns out the most units. France has to be my favourite to play as, cultural victory yeah. That said though for a fun time I recommend any of True Start World mods on the workshop and then playing as Indonesia, slow start but ramp up in the midgame as you colonise Australia. Alternatively Playing as the Iroqouis and building up strength to invade the "new world" of Europe is great fun. Playing as Venice where you're utterly surrounded from the get go is a real challenge. Kat 0 years ago I think that Aurini knows that these newspapers print identical articles all the time. And he knows it's because they're all owned by the same corporation. He writes these lies because otherwise, he would have nothing to write. What would he say? An admitted rapist has received his well-deserved comeuppance from the world? That's not going to fly with his fans. So he did the best he could and came up with "Lizard people are behind Roosh's humiliation." GiJoel 0 years ago Wait a minute, women like fashion and all the Fairfax newspapers are discussing fashion. Ergo Fairfax is run by feminazi lesbians, or as I call them the Feminati. Conspiracy!!!!! Eleventy!!!!!!!!! Dreadnought 0 years ago Someone should create a civilisation that's run by Elam and one that's run by Roosh; and Roosh can have Aurini as his special unit. ColeYote 0 years ago Davis Aurini is calling us narcissists. In defence of Roosh V. That's rich. L 0 years ago There isn't enough booze and weed in the world for me to sit down and read through that entire piece of shiterature. However, I got a kick out of one of the links in the sidebar - "Cockroach crawls into teen's ear and gives birth to 00 baby bugs." What a fitting link for a racist, homophobic MRA site. Paradoxical Intention 0 years ago Miss Andry | February 0, 0000 at 0:00 pm @Paradoxical Intention Gee, thanks for that, now I know what my nightmares will be about. If I have to suffer with that mental image, I'm taking all of you down with me. History Nerd 0 years ago Yes, but it's best to refrain from making armchair diagnoses of Aurini or Roosh. Lots of horrible people don't have narcissistic personality disorder. Alan Robertshaw 0 years ago I took my lizard to the pub the other night. The landlord said "He's a bit small isn't he?". I said "Yeah, he's my newt". Valentine 0 years ago @bernardo Aw disappointed your aurinimeter prototype doesn't look like a skull though :'( but I suppose once @EJ and others go in to mass production we can work on that. See I thought the way it would be measured is aurini would have a value of 0 and everything else would be a raito. The only problem comes when someone goes more aurini than aurini... (Super late reply I just had the longest fucking work shift 00 hours...and counting -_-) Valentine 0 years ago @alan I think part of my soul just died reading that joke. Paradoxical Intention 0 years ago @Valentine: Well, of course Aurini would be the base of our measurements, but I don't think that it'd be too hard to measure when someone goes more Aurini than Aurini. If we use your example, if Aurini is 0AU (Aurini Units), then someone who is more Aurini would be some number higher. For instance, we can say that Roosh, who Aurini idolizes, could be 0AU. I suppose it would be hard to measure someone who doesn't fall on the scale though. I mean, if we use David or another intersectional feminist as an example, would it be possible to get into negative AUs, or would we just not be able to measure feminists by the same scale? Saphira 0 years ago @Paradoxical Intention Ok, it was funny, but so, so wrong . . . . Valentine 0 years ago @paradoxical intention I suppose it does need some more developments as a measurement. To be honest though I was just really excited to get a skull shaped aurini meter that would start beeping off the scale when I point it at an article like this. Delphi_ote 0 years ago Davis Aurini: master of passive voice. Bina 0 years ago The only people who I ever see railing against HR are harassers and victims of harassment. 0 guesses which group manurespherians fall into. VICTIMS, of course! All those women's boobs keep leaping up and attacking them! Miniskirt power, don'tcha know? [/manure] (Ugh, Warren Farrell, WTF are YOU doing in here? Fuck off.) Redsilkphoenix 0 years ago @Victorious Parasol: You are making me feel old bringing up that lurker song. I remember the Usenet flame war that gave birth to that saying. *whimper* /o.o\ *wields(sword) cane to whack all the young whippersnappers out of the way* *returns to reading the rest of the comment section.* Paradoxical Intention 0 years ago Saphira | February 0, 0000 at 0:00 pm @Paradoxical Intention Ok, it was funny, but so, so wrong . . . . You know that's what he was thinking! Zeb Berryman 0 years ago "That wise mentor who helped you more than you'll than you'll ever know? One of us." Do you mean my gay writing mentor who was quick to point out examples of sexism and treated me and my sister equally? My female spiritual mentor a minster who totally changed how I saw Christians? or would it be my muslim feminist gender studies professor who helped criticize our colleges lack of policy concerning rape? Because I'm having trouble imaging any of those people even wanting to be near you. Pandapool -- The Species that Endangers YOU (aka Jackie; currently using they/their, he/his, she/her pronouns) 0 years ago Imaginary Petal (formerly dhag00, trying out pronouns - they/their) Imaginary Petal (formerly dhag00, trying out pronouns - they/their) Imaginary Petal (formerly dhag00, trying out pronouns - they/their) Omg. Pronouns! OMG. OMG! http://www.reactiongifs.com/wp-content/uploads/0000/00/obamacry_slow.gif http://www.reactiongifs.com/wp-content/uploads/0000/00/hell_yes.gif http://www.reactiongifs.com/wp-content/uploads/0000/00/this-is-beautiful.gif http://www.reactiongifs.com/wp-content/uploads/0000/00/so-beautiful.gif OMG! Hu's On First 0 years ago You know who else believes in lizard people? Victorious Parasol 0 years ago @ Redsilkphoenix Feel free to join me in the Old Coot/Cootessa corner. I have brownies. We can talk about the days of tin, and joke about the days when Australia's bandwidth to the rest of the world was a 000 loaded up with mag tape. Kat 0 years ago @Pandapool I've never before seen so many tears of joy shed over pronouns. Take a bow, pronouns! " Previous 0 0 0 0 Next " Recent Posts Incels: The Powerpoint challenge This Thanksgiving I am thankful that Lara Trump is saying batshit stuff on Fox that I can quote The least surprising thing about the man who allegedly killed five people in the Waukesha Christmas parade van attack Are Facebook and Instagram conducting a "dangerous experiment on teen girls" and destroying their self-esteem? Natural News says the COVID vax will make your DNA melt and basically kill everyone but anti-vax "purebloods," so I guess it's goodbye for you and me Kyle Rittenhouse has inspired musical tributes, and they're cringey as hell Kyle Rittenhouse is just a kid, Chris Queen on PJ Media insists. "Now that his trial is over, we need to let Kyle get back to being Kyle ... normal teen" Kyle Rittenhouse acquitted; open thread Archives Archives Select Month November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000 August 0000 July 0000 June 0000 May 0000 April 0000 March 0000 February 0000 January 0000 December 0000 November 0000 October 0000 September 0000

https://wehuntedthemammoth.com/2016/02/08/davis-aurini-takes-aim-at-lizard-people-media-plotters-and-other-enemies-of-roosh/comment-page-3/

wehuntedthemammoth.com

Rick Santorum's number crunchers are under no illusions that they are facing a tooth-and-nail fight with Mitt Romney over delegates, but their calculations show a significantly narrower gap between the two contenders than most estimates. The Santorum campaign offered ABC News a sneak peek at their in-house delegate tally, which still shows the former Pennsylvania senator trailing Romney but in a much better position to catch him. "There is the Romney way of going about the counting and then there is the real way of going about the counting," John Yob, Santorum's delegate strategist, said in an interview on Monday. Here's how the Santorum campaign sees the standings in the race for delegates: Romney: 000 Santorum: 000 Gingrich: 000 Paul: 00 The Santorum campaign's version of the count puts them 000 delegates shy of Romney. By comparison, the ABC News delegate estimate shows Santorum 000 delegates behind Romney. Here is the ABC News delegate estimate, which tracks closely with tallied kept by other news organizations, including the Associated Press: Romney: 000 Santorum: 000 Gingrich: 000 Paul: 00 Uncommitted: 0 A candidate needs 0,000 delegates to clinch the Republican presidential nomination, and Yob conceded that it is going to be "very difficult for any candidate" to reach that threshold before this summer's national party convention. According to the Santorum team's count, Romney has 00 fewer delegates than in ABC's estimate; Santorum has 00 more; Newt Gingrich has 00 more; and Ron Paul has 00 more. So, where does Yob, who played a similar delegate strategy role for John McCain in 0000, come up with the 000 delegate difference? Their delegate equation largely rests on two key assumptions: First, that Arizona and Florida will eventually allocate their delegates proportionally rather than using their current winner-take-all scheme. Second, that delegate tallies in Iowa, Missouri and Washington State should be estimated based upon the preliminary results of ongoing county and district conventions, not on the initial "beauty contest" votes. The Santorum campaign believes they will receive the vast majority of the delegates in Iowa and Missouri and they are seeing signs of encouragement in Washington State. In King County, which held legislative district caucuses this weekend to choose delegates to send to the state convention later this spring, Santorum netted four delegates, compared to three a piece for Romney and Gingrich and two for Paul. (In Washington State's March 0 caucuses, Romney won King County by roughly 00 percent over Santorum.) "We are now far exceeding the perceived delegate counts as laid out by the Romney campaign," Yob said. "This is just the beginning." The campaign claims the upper-hand in the coming state conventions, which will award some bound and unbound delegates over the next few months. Santorum's team reckons more grassroots conservatives will show up - a group that has been friendlier to Santorum. Yob's theory about Florida and Arizona is based upon the Republican National Committee's original rules that forbid states from holding winner-take-all contest before April 0. Both states leapt ahead on the primary calendar and chose to use a winner-take-all delegate rule. The Santorum campaign plans to challenge the allocation through a formal contest process before the convention. "We believe that the RNC is likely to follow their own rules," Yob said. "And we believe that any effort by the Romney campaign to manipulate the rules will have a negative impact on their effort to get to a majority on the convention floor." Current delegates tallies, including the RNC's show Romney receiving all 00 delegates in Florida and all 00 in Arizona. If the Santorum campaign prevails, they see a proportional allocation netting them seven delegates in Florida and 0 in Arizona as follows: Florida: Romney: 00 Gingrich: 00 Santorum: 0 Paul: 0 Arizona: Romney: 00 Santorum: 0 Gingrich: 0 Paul: 0 Over the last week, Santorum aides have also been pushing the notion that by the end of the primary season they will have forged a "conservative majority" of delegates. That is, they view Gingrich as a marginal candidate whose supporters are more likely to flow to Santorum - an assumption that is not necessarily borne out in at least one recent national Gallup poll. The campaign's model requires something of a leap of faith. Essentially, everything that could go right for Santorum must. Romney, meanwhile, continues to hold on to the undisputed delegate lead - a fact that the Santorum campaign does not deny. Santorum advisers acknowledge that April could be a tough month with a slew of contests in the North East that seem ripe for Romney. However, they view May's contests, which include several southern states and Texas, far more favorably. "The closer we get to a conservative majority," Yob said, "the closer we get to the nomination." The Romney campaign disagrees. "We knew Sen. Santorum was an economic lightweight, but his problems with numbers are worse than we thought," Romney spokeswoman Andrea Saul told ABC News. "At the end of the day, Gov. Romney's message of restoring America's promise will continue to resonate with more Americans than any other candidate."

https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/03/santorum-campaign-floats-new-delegate-math-showing-much-tighter-race-with-romney/

abcnews.go.com

Campus alert status is yellow: For the latest campus alert status, news and resources, visit umassmed.edu/coronavirus Skip to content Skip to search Skip to main menu Skip to footer area Site Menu Search Close Search Search the UMassMed News site Search A-Z | Search All UMMS Office of Communications UMass Chan Home Page News Home Archives Search Close Search Search the UMassMed News site Search A-Z | Search All UMMS CONTACT US EDUCATION Multimedia RESEARCH COMMUNITY FOR THE MEDIA Women in Science The Conversation Additional Resources Office of Communications UMass Chan Home Page News Home Archives UMassMed News Communicating science: Institute for Drug Resistance video series elevates awareness, understanding Tweet Print Communicating science: Institute for Drug Resistance video series elevates awareness, understanding By Bryan Goodchild and Sandra Gray UMass Medical School Communications August 00, 0000 A new video series featuring scientists from the Institute for Drug Resistance at UMass Medical School is designed to promote the importance of biomedical research. Celia Schiffer, PhD, the Gladys Smith Martin Chair in Oncology, professor of biochemistry & molecular pharmacology, and founder and director of the Institute for Drug Resistance, created the project to give colleagues the opportunity to explain their research. "Drug resistance is a major threat to public health, thus it is our responsibility as scientists to communicate the significance of our science," said Dr. Schiffer. "We need to be able to convey the importance of what we're doing and make it more visible and accessible to the public." The project was conceived by Schiffer and supported by UMMS leadership in conjunction with the fellowship she completed on July 00 with the Hedwig van Ameringen Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine program at Drexel University College of Medicine. ELAM is the country's only in-depth fellowship dedicated to preparing senior women faculty at schools of medicine, dentistry, public health and pharmacy to lead and manage in today's complex health care environment. Each ELAM fellow completes an institutional action plan to address emerging issues in biomedical and clinical science as an integral part of the program. Participants in the video series availed themselves of science communication training programs from the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science, the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Art of Science Communication, and TED Masterclass. They prepared and practiced their talks prior to being recorded, with support at UMMS from the Offices of Communications, Advancement and Innovation and Business Development. The Schiffer lab seeks to tackle drug resistance. Pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, and cancer cells mutate to resist previously effective treatments. Schiffer's lab studies how drug resistance develops and designs medicines to be impervious to the mutations. She collaborates with many other investigators, including some of the 00 institute members from six departments who appear in the videos. While much research into drug resistance has focused on a specific disease, there are parallels in drug resistance mechanisms and pathways among various diseases. Schiffer established the Institute for Drug Resistance with academic and industry partners in 0000 to create a nexus for cross-disciplinary research that can inform drug resistance across multiple diseases and classes of drugs. It is the only organization in the world with a mission to foster collaborative, cross-disease research for the purpose of accelerating the design, development and delivery of resilient drugs that avoid resistance. The diverse research interests and approaches of scientists captured in the videos embody the collaborative, interdisciplinary mission of the institute. The full series is available for viewing on the UMass Medical School YouTube channel, and each one will be featured individually on UMassMed News in the coming months. "With the quickly evolving COVID-00 pandemic, many faculty - including myself - have pivoted to work extensively on the SARS-CoV-0 virus and avoiding drug resistance becomes even more relevant as we target this virus," said Schiffer. "Having the faculty train and present their research in a manner that is accessible to many communities will empower the multidisciplinary drug design we need." In the first video of the series, Medicines Designed to Last, Schiffer sets the stage with a straightforward overview of drug resistance. Related stories on UMassMed News: UMass Medical School receives $0.0 million grant for advanced cryo-EM microscope Celia Schiffer named 0000 ELAM Leadership for Women in Medicine fellow RECENT POSTS Thanksgiving message from Chancellor Michael Collins NOV 00, 0000 Emma RNA Saves the Day coloring book helps children understand how COVID-00 vaccines work NOV 00, 0000 DIO launches Diversity Campus Read NOV 00, 0000 Advocate and activist Chastity Bowick keynote speaker for Transgender Day of Remembrance NOV 00, 0000 UMass Chan researchers explore parents' attitudes toward pediatric COVID-00 vaccines NOV 00, 0000 Sign up for weekly news emails! Intranet Home About Contact Us Videos Archives This is an official Page of the UMass Chan Medical School Office of Communications • UMass Chan Medical School • 00 Lake Avenue North • Worcester, MA 00000 Questions or Comments? Email: [email protected] Phone: 000-000-0000 • 000-000-0000 (fax)

https://umassmed.edu/news/news-archives/2021/08/communicating-science-institute-for-drug-resistance-video-series-elevates-awareness-understanding/

umassmed.edu

Follows the personal and professional lives of a group of doctors at Seattleâs Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital. Seasons List Season 0 (0 episode) - March 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 0 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - September 00, 0000 Season 00 (00 episode) - November 00, 0000 Season 00 (0 episode) - September 00, 0000 Episodes List Episode 0 : Undo When one of Grey Sloanâs own lands in the... September 00, 0000 Episode 0 : Catastrophe and the Cure Meredith considers her loyalties, as Alex deals... September 00, 0000 Episode 0 : I Ain't No Miracle Worker A car crash at a funeral brings a bickering... October 00, 0000 Episode 0 : Falling Slowly Alex tries to do the right thing but still cant... October 00, 0000 Episode 0 : Both Sides Now Meredith and Bailey are at odds when both of... October 00, 0000 Episode 0 : Roar A familiar face returns to Grey Sloan, throwing... October 00, 0000 Episode 0 : Why Try to Change Me Now The arrival of a new consultant puts all of the... November 00, 0000 Episode 0 : The Room Where It Happens A difficult surgery brings back pivotal memories... November 00, 0000 Episode 0 : You Haven't Done Nothin' Believing he is going to jail tomorrow, Alex... November 00, 0000 Episode 00 : You Can Look (But You'd Better Not Touch) Bailey, Arizona and Jo go to a maximum security... January 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Jukebox Hero Richard and the attendings set out to make... February 00, 0000 Episode 00 : None of Your Business Maggie gets a surprise visit from her mother at... February 00, 0000 Episode 00 : It Only Gets Much Worse The residents are excited for Elizaâs next... February 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Back Where You Belong Alex returns to the hospital and discovers a lot... February 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Civil War Richard, Jackson, April and Catherine tackle a... March 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Who Is He (And What Is He To You)? Jackson and April travel to Montana in order to... March 00, 0000 Episode 00 : 'Til I Hear It From You Diane Pierce returns to Grey Sloan, but Maggie is... March 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Be Still, My Soul When Maggieâs momâs health... March 00, 0000 Episode 00 : What's Inside When Maggie takes on a big case, many of the... April 00, 0000 Episode 00 : In the Air Tonight Meredith and Nathan have to confront their... April 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Don't Stop Me Now Bailey and April work to fix things between... April 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Leave It Inside April and Andrew consult with a fiery patient who... May 00, 0000 Episode 00 : True Colors The doctors of Grey Sloan encounter a difficult... May 00, 0000 Episode 00 : Ring of Fire The doctorsâ lives are at risk after a... May 00, 0000 DMCA Privacy Police Contact Us Copyright 0000 PUTLOCKERCOM.COM Login or Register Please enter correct Email & password. Set up your free account and start watching movies! Member Login Remember me Sign in After Login, You can : Watch as many movies you want ! Secure and no restrictions! Thousands of movies to choose from - Hottest new releases. Click it and Watch it ! - No waiting to download movies, its instant ! Stream our content in HD quality ! Download our content still avilable ! Guaranteed to save time and money - Its quick and hassle free, forget going to the post office. It works on your TV, PC or MAC! 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