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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
which can help us by being incredibly intelligent
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and help us crack mysteries that we couldn't.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
In other words, I think we've really only seen
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
the tip of the intelligence iceberg so far.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Yeah, so the perceptronium.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Yeah.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So you coined this amazing term.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
It's a hypothetical state of matter,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
sort of thinking from a physics perspective,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
what is the kind of matter that can help,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
as you're saying, subjective experience emerge,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
consciousness emerge.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So how do you think about consciousness
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
from this physics perspective?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Very good question.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So again, I think many people have underestimated
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
our ability to make progress on this
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
by convincing themselves it's hopeless
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because somehow we're missing some ingredient that we need.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
There's some new consciousness particle or whatever.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I happen to think that we're not missing anything
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and that it's not the interesting thing
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
about consciousness that gives us
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
this amazing subjective experience of colors
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and sounds and emotions.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
It's rather something at the higher level
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
about the patterns of information processing.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And that's why I like to think about this idea
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
of perceptronium.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
What does it mean for an arbitrary physical system
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to be conscious in terms of what its particles are doing
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
or its information is doing?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I don't think, I hate carbon chauvinism,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
this attitude you have to be made of carbon atoms
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to be smart or conscious.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
There's something about the information processing
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that this kind of matter performs.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Yeah, and you can see I have my favorite equations here
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
describing various fundamental aspects of the world.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I feel that I think one day,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
maybe someone who's watching this will come up
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
with the equations that information processing
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
has to satisfy to be conscious.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I'm quite convinced there is big discovery
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to be made there because let's face it,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
we know that so many things are made up of information.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
We know that some information processing is conscious
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
because we are conscious.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But we also know that a lot of information processing
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is not conscious.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Like most of the information processing happening
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
in your brain right now is not conscious.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
There are like 10 megabytes per second coming in
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
even just through your visual system.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
You're not conscious about your heartbeat regulation
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
or most things.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Even if I just ask you to like read what it says here,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
you look at it and then, oh, now you know what it said.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But you're not aware of how the computation actually happened.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Your consciousness is like the CEO
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11:53.680
1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that got an email at the end with the final answer.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So what is it that makes a difference?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I think that's both a great science mystery.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
We're actually studying it a little bit in my lab here
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
at MIT, but I also think it's just a really urgent question
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
to answer.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
For starters, I mean, if you're an emergency room doctor
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
and you have an unresponsive patient coming in,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
wouldn't it be great if in addition to having
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
a CT scanner, you had a consciousness scanner
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
that could figure out whether this person
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is actually having locked in syndrome
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
or is actually comatose.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And in the future, imagine if we build robots
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
or the machine that we can have really good conversations
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
with, which I think is very likely to happen.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Wouldn't you want to know if your home helper robot
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is actually experiencing anything or just like a zombie,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I mean, would you prefer it?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
What would you prefer?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Would you prefer that it's actually unconscious
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
so that you don't have to feel guilty about switching it off
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
or giving boring chores or what would you prefer?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
Well, certainly we would prefer,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
I would prefer the appearance of consciousness.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But the question is whether the appearance of consciousness
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is different than consciousness itself.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And sort of to ask that as a question,
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
do you think we need to understand what consciousness is,
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
solve the hard problem of consciousness
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
in order to build something like an AGI system?
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
No, I don't think that.
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1
Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
And I think we will probably be able to build things
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
even if we don't answer that question.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
But if we want to make sure that what happens
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
is a good thing, we better solve it first.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So it's a wonderful controversy you're raising there
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
where you have basically three points of view
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
about the hard problem.
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Max Tegmark
Life 3.0
So there are two different points of view.
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