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Multimodal Art Projection 267

http://www.kaken.co.jp/english/business/aahp.html

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Polyoxins are natural fungicides originating from microorganisms first discovered by Dr. Saburo Suzuki and his team at the Riken in 1963. They are produced by culturing the actinomycete Streptomyces cacaoi var. asoensis isolated from the soil the area around Mt. Aso in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. Polyoxins are not a single compound; they are a complex consisting of a series of compounds resembling each other in their chemical structure. Currently, 14 different Polyoxin analogues, Polyoxins A through N, have been discovered. Polyoxins have been sold as horticultural fungicides for over 50 years, and they are still widely used today. Polyoxin AL is effective against a wide range of fungi-related diseases such as mildew, gray mold, and other mold fungi diseases that affect vegetables, flowers, and other plants. Polyoxin D zinc salt was categorized as a bio-pesticide after it was recognized as safe for humans and livestock and being completely derived from natural sources through stringent inspections by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It is now widely used in the United States to prevent diseases in lawns and flowers as well as in nuts, fruits, and vegetables. Synthesized at the Sagami Chemical Research Center and developed by KAKEN, Pentoxazone is an oxazolidinedione-type rice herbicide. In 1997, it was registered as an agrochemical in Japan. Since then, it has been used as an herbicide for paddy rice in its initial formulation and in several mixed formulations based on this initial formulation. Pentoxazone is effective mainly on annual weeds in rice paddies, such as barnyard grass, Lindernia, and Monocholia, and is also widely effective on other weeds including Eleocharis kuroguwai, a perennial weed that is difficult to eradicate. Pentoxazone shows high, stable, and residual efficacy particularly on Lindernia and Monocholia, both of which are resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides. The safety of Pentoxazone is high for rice paddies, and therefore it can be used in a variety of ways. Its initial formulation can be used on rice paddies before or after the rice is transplanted, and its one-shot herbicide formulation can be used at the same time as rice planting. There are also formulations approved for flooding and direct seeding in rice paddies. Having extremely low water solubility and high soil absorbability, Pentoxazone hardly flows out to groundwater and rivers. Furthermore, it has low toxicity to humans, animals, and other living forms. For these reasons, it is an environmentally safe herbicide. Salinomycin sodium is a polyether antibiotic originally discovered by KAKEN in a culture of Streptomyces albus, a strain of Actinomycetes in 1968. Later, it was developed as a feed additive by KAKEN. Salinomycin sodium is currently the most widely used anti-coccidial for chickens in the world, having effectiveness against Clostridium and other gram-positive bacteria. Produced in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines, Salinomycin sodium is not only used in Japan but is also exported, thus supporting poultry farmers worldwide. Colistin sulfate is a polypeptide antibiotic that was discovered in 1950 in a culture of Bacillus colistinus taken from the soil in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Colistin sulfate is effective against gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella, which are serious pathogens for livestock. Accordingly, there is a great international demand for this product. Therefore, KAKEN also exports this product worldwide.

agronomy

https://savvybotanist.com/

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Dr. Megan Wilkerson believes that everyone has an inner botanist, patiently waiting to be watered. Under optimal conditions, agriculture can be used to educate, inspire, and bring communities together. Megan created the Savvy Botanist to awaken the future generations of agricultural stewards. Currently, Megan teaches Climate Change and Carbon Reduction at the University of District of Columbia and serves as Chief of the Pesticides Branch at the Department of Energy and Environment in Washington, DC. In the nation’s capital, Wilkerson’s team empowers DC residents by regulating toxic substances and the surrounding environment. In 2019, Megan was a Plant Scientist at Architect of the Capitol (AOC) and managed the overall plant health on Capitol Hill and the surrounding 300 acres. She brings twelve years of experience in managing programs and agricultural landscapes in domestic and international settings. Dr. Wilkerson received two Doctorates from Penn State University (PSU), in Entomology and International Agriculture & Development. Megan also holds a Master of Science degree in Agricultural Science from Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU). She specializes in green infrastructure, urban sustainability, knowledge transfer, integrated pest management, social impact assessment, and community capacity building. During her career, Megan researched in India, Trinidad and Tobago, Lebanon, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mozambique, and South Africa. In 2016, Wilkerson was awarded a USDA Fellowship and spent 2 years in Ghana. During her residency, Megan collaborated with local farmers to develop pesticide alternatives. Dr. Wilkerson worked directly with USAID, USDA, World Cocoa Foundation, and the Lebanese Ministry of Agriculture to examine knowledge retention and supervise training programs. She has a 100% pass rate among pesticide certification participants and is certified in CORE, Turf 3B, Ornamental 3A, Public Health 8, and Industrial, Institutional, Structural and Health Related Pest Control 7E.

agronomy

http://[email protected]/

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Welcome to Roche Farm & Garden where we keep our customers updated on all the latest products and the newest agricultural technology. Come visit us at one of our convenient locations where we will be proud to provide you with all your agricultural needs! 803 E. Jackson Street Dublin, GA 31021 478-272-3340 Wrightsville, GA Location Monday-Friday: 8:00am - 5:00pm Saturday: 8:00 am - 12:00pm 411 E. Court Street Wrightsville, GA 31096 478-864-2206 VARIABLE RATE / GPS SAMPLING & SPREADING The newest agricultural technology that will save you time and money while improving your land. This innovative technology will provide you with a more accurate measurment and application of fertilizer and chemicals for every inch of your farm.

agronomy

https://www.klweek.com/business/bernas-says-rice-sales-to-sabah-up-to-10-per-cent-in-first-3-months/

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In a statement today, BERNAS said rice sales for April saw a 40 per cent jump over the average for the state. "There was also a 27 per cent increase in the number of rice wholesalers with no record of purchase buying from BERNAS, while around 61 per cent of wholesalers in Sabah had bought more than the normal amount of rice. 'Of this percentage, 37 wholesalers bought more than 100 per cent of the normal amount," it said. The statement was issued in response to a local news report on Wednesday entitled "BERNAS Urged Not To Ration Rice Supply in Sabah". The report quoted Malaysian Youth Council vice president Azuwan Marjan as saying he had been informed by wholesalers in Sabah that BERNAS had started rationing its rice supply to them since April 13. BERNAS clarified that unusually high purchases had prompted the agency to take precautionary steps by restricting sales to certain wholesalers in order to prevent hoarding. It was aimed at preventing the rice supplied to Sabah being sold to other countries like Indonesia and the Philippines in view of the rice price in Malaysia being the lowest in the Southeast Asia region. The statement added that joint monitoring with the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry will continue to ensure the supply of rice is controlled, especially for Sabah.

agronomy

https://www.encavis.com/en/company/commitment/

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At Encavis AG, we believe that entrepreneurial behaviour is also closely linked to an awareness of social responsibility. Therefore, we are actively involved – out of conviction and in our own interests. Sustainability in conjunction with energy does not always involve the use of technology – as demonstrated by the deployment of sheep as “greenkeepers” around solar parks. Indeed, the animals have been hard at work for several years, tending the grass in parks run by energy associations and solar park operators. This sheep grazing in harmony with nature is highly efficient and extremely valuable. The shepherds benefit because they don’t lose access to grazing areas as a result of photovoltaic parks. The sheep can use the solar modules as providers of shade and protection against the wind. They can also use the supporting structure as a safe retreat for their lambs. Thanks to the regular sheep grazing, the modules don’t become overshadowed by rampant growth and are not exposed to dust contamination or damage due to stone chipping that can arise with mechanical mowing. What’s more, regular checks by the shepherds help reduce the risk of theft. From a conservation viewpoint, this dual use of the land is a good idea. Extensive grazing has positive effects on the biodiversity and leads to an increase in the variety of species. This is because sheep act as a means of transport for other species of fauna and flora. From spring to the end of autumn, some 1,000 sheep, which include breeds such as Suffolk sheep, are on active duty for Encavis. With the help of our four-legged friends, the ground around the plants recovers better; the use of sheep is also much less costly than other alternatives. And not forgetting animal well-being: The gutters on solar modules collect rain water that the sheep can drink.

agronomy

https://blog.engage.iupui.edu/2020/01/10/cees/

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Drones fly over the Eagle Creek Reservoir monitoring algal blooms; researchers work with a farmer to improve agricultural practices; a 20-year study aims to address forest restoration in degraded riparian landscapes. These are some of the ways the Center for Earth and Environmental Science at IUPUI is engaging with the community in research. The Center for Earth and Environmental Science (CEES) supports research that crosses traditional disciplinary boundaries by bringing together faculty from different academic backgrounds to discuss complex issues, pursue grants, and collaborate on projects. Research carried out at the center by CEES staff, affiliated faculty, and community partners facilitates science-based decision making and feeds the center’s education programming. Through multiple projects in the community, CEES is working to address key community issues, such as water quality and environmental restoration. At Eagle Creek, Greg Druschel, Associate Professor in the Department of Earth Sciences and an affiliate of CEES, in partnership with IUPUI’s Center for Aerial Unmanned Systems Imaging (CAUSI), uses drone technology to monitor cyanobacteria in the reservoir. Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, produce compounds that cause “taste and odor” issues if the algae become overly abundant. By combining traditional water sampling methods with specialized aerial photography of the reservoir, Druschel and his team are developing models that will allow drone photography to replace, or at least reduce the need for, the more time-intensive methods currently required to monitor algal abundance. Because the use of drones is far less expensive than traditional physical sampling methods, municipalities could evaluate water supplies more frequently and would therefore be more likely to identify potential problems before cyanobacteria numbers reached harmful levels. Treating water to prevent harmful algal blooms is easier – and cheaper – than treating water to remove the noxious compounds after taste and odor issues develop. A cost-effective model that facilitates early detection of harmful algal blooms has the potential to benefit communities around the country, said Dr. Victoria Schmalhofer, an ecologist and Assistant Director of CEES. CEES is also leading a project to evaluate the impacts of traditional and alternative farming practices on sediment- and nutrient-loading in streams. Through a partnership with Mike Starkey, a farmer in Brownsburg, and the National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), researchers are studying whether the types of cover crops used and the method and timing of fertilizer application affects sedimentation and nutrient-loading of a local stream after rainfall events. In order to control the movement of water over his land, Starkey engages in no-till agriculture and micro-application of fertilizer, uses his own particular mix of cover crops, and has planted buffer strips along the stream. Employing these methods, he has been able to reduce or eliminate the channel carving and ponding that used to occur in his fields after heavy rains. Starkey is participating in the Edge of Field program, which was developed by the NRCS to manage water associated with agricultural fields. Sediment is the main pollutant in Indiana waterways, and loss of agricultural topsoil through erosion is a major issue throughout the United States. Additionally, the nutrients carried with sediments contribute to problems both locally, including algal blooms in local streams and lakes, and regionally, such as the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico. At Starkey Farm, the first Edge of Field project in Indiana, traditional methods or Starkey’s methods are being used on adjacent fields to determine whether the practices differ in their impacts on sediment movement to School Branch, the stream that separates the two fields. Since 2015, environmental scientist Danielle Follette and other CEES staff have managed the project, collecting water samples after every rainfall event and evaluating the samples for sediment and nutrient content. If Starkey’s methods prove to significantly reduce the movement of sediments and nutrients into School Branch, it will have widespread implications for farming practices throughout Indiana and beyond, Schmalhofer said. On the western edge of campus, along a one-mile stretch of the White River extending from 10th Street to New York Street, lies the Lilly ARBOR. Originally called the White River Riparian Restoration Project (WRRRP), the ARBOR is an 8.5 acre experimental forest designed to answer questions concerning how best to reforest highly degraded riparian landscapes – hence its acronym: Answers for Restoring the Banks of Our River. During fall of 2000, over 1300 saplings were planted in the field of turf grass that bordered the river. Twelve different tree species, selected for their presumed ability to survive at the site, were incorporated in the study. Additionally, three commonly used planting methods were and are still being evaluated: containerized (older saplings grown in 3 gallon pots), bare-root (younger saplings with bare roots), and bare-root with weed mat (a weed mat was put in place after planting to reduce potential overgrowth of the young tree by weeds and grasses). Twenty years later, the area is a thriving young forest. Distinct differences in tree survival are apparent: honey locusts, green ashes, hackberries, and silver maples have done well – with a 45% or better survival rate; cottonwoods, sycamores, and willows fared poorly – with a less than 10% survival rate; buckeyes, red maples, chinkapin oaks, swamp white oaks, and hawthorns have been moderately successful – with survival rates between 20-40%. Planting method also was found to have an impact: after one year, “containerized” saplings enjoyed an advantage over “bare root” saplings, with a 91% vs. 78% survival rate. That persisted at the ten-year mark, with a 47% vs. 38% survival rate, and continues to the present with a 41% vs. 27% survival rate. Current work at the ARBOR is led by Dr. Victoria Schmalhofer. The next phase of research at the ARBOR will include a thorough evaluation of the trees and herbaceous plants that have colonized the area over the past 20 years, as well as surveys of the many animal species that make their homes in the forest. The ARBOR is more than just a research site. Over the years, hundreds of IUPUI students have visited the ARBOR to engage in and learn about the importance of environmental stewardship as they helped to remove invasive species and clean up trash, and dozens of students have used the area for their senior capstone projects. In addition to functioning as an outdoor classroom and place for experiential learning, the ARBOR also provides opportunities for passive recreation. To encourage students and members of the community to explore the ARBOR and other green spaces along the White River, CEES is developing the Welcoming Campus Trail (WCT). The WCT will utilize technology to provide users with an interactive, informative experience that draws attention to points of interest along the White River greenway near campus. By making the ARBOR and its history more widely known, CEES hopes to inspire community members to consider the need for, as well as the possibilities of, environmental restoration, Schmalhofer said.

agronomy

https://www.olivino.com/the-estate

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WHERE WE ARE Located in Hopland, CA, our 64-acre estate lies in a viticulture zone established mainly by emigrated Italian farmers over a century ago. We use 35 acres of our land for farming grapes, but we are also known in the area for our certified organic olive mill which serves local olive farmers small and large. Visitors can taste our wines and oils at our unique tasting room inside our olive mill, where they can also recharge electric cars. Our estate features a vineyard guesthouse and a few ponds that offer peaceful spots for picnics and daydreaming. About a dozen owls live in special owl houses throughout our property and help us with pest control. A herd of sheep grazes our grounds and some goats greet the visitors. We grow fresh fruit and vegetables that we offer at seasonal farmers’ markets as well as lavender for body care products

agronomy

https://www.soil-loc.com/about

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Soil Stabilization Specialists Soil-Loc, Inc., is the industry leader in soil stabilization and erosion control products. From driveways, walkways, dirt roads, empty lots, golf courses, baseball and softball fields, Soil-Loc’s family of soil stabilization and erosion control products can help protect your property, maintain the value of your land and help create a stable and safe environment. Soil-Loc is continuing and expanding its efforts in the distribution and technical support of these products and others in the areas of stabilization, dust control and sports fields. We are constantly seeking other new and economical solutions to erosion control and dust control problems.

agronomy

http://mr-gut.cn/papers/read/1067273124?kf=recom

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Structural characterization and evaluation of the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from Qingzhuan brick tea Abstract & Authors:展开 The crude tea polysaccharides (CTPS) from Qingzhuan brick tea(QZBT) were extracted and fractionated to afford two fractions, namely TPS-1 and TPS-2. Analyses were conducted concerning the structural characterization and antioxidant activities of these samples. Component analysis revealed that the carbohydrate, uronic acid, protein and polyphenol contents of these samples differed significantly. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that these samples showed similar characteristic absorption peaks for polysaccharides. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, circular dichroism, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyses indicated that there were considerable differences in the presence of protein, surface features, conformational characteristics and thermodynamic behaviors. For antioxidant activities in vitro, CTPS, TPS-1 and TPS-2 exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activities, with TPS-2 showing significantly higher antioxidant activity than CTPS and TPS-1. These results provide a scientific and strong foundation for the use of tea polysaccharides(TPS) from QZBT and further research towards the relationships between the characteristics and antioxidant activities of TPS. Xinhe Yang,Zhonghua Liu Xinhe Yang,Mingjun Huang,Caiqin Qin,Bangyu Lv,Qingli Mao,Zhonghua Liu

agronomy

https://treesalesnearme.com/products/pear-pineapple-5-pot

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Pear Trees - Pineapple #5 Pot True to its name, the Pineapple Pear tree produces large pears with a pineapple flavor. The fruit ripens in late summer and is a russet color. It keeps well and can be used for canning. The Pineapple Pear tree is the most fire blight resistant pear tree. It requires 150 chill hours. It can self-pollinate or pollinate with Flordahome or Hood Pear trees. At maturity, it can reach a height between 15-20 feet and a width of 12-15 feet. USDA ZONES: Zone 4, Zone 5, Zone 6, Zone 7, Zone 8, Zone 9.pear-flordahome,pear-hood,pear-baldwin

agronomy

https://www.studiorussophotography.com/blog/2015/9/delicious-local-organic-an-afternoon-at-blue-clay-farm

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Allow me to introduce Melanie Harvey - music lover, foodie, and the head gardener of Blue Clay Farm in North Augusta, SC. A recent graduate of the University of GA's Agriculture program, Mel has taken on the feat of running the urban, organic farm for the farm-to-table restaurant Manuel's Bread Cafe. One afternoon spent learning about the farm, and I am hooked on gardening! I snapped a few pics and interviewed the gardener on the organic lifestyle to share this experience with you! Keep reading - Mel will show us the daily duties of running a farm and discuss organic farming. Melanie working at Blue Clay FarmHere is the head gardener for Manuel's Bread Cafe farm-to-table urban, organic farm, located in North Augusta, SC. "Organic gardening might not be easy but it feels so good to know where your food comes from and whether or not chemicals have been used in the growing process. Your yield isn't as high as compared to conventional farming but you reward your body and the Earth by committing to not using chemicals." Expert TIPS on ORGANIC farming success: Farm Fresh EggsThere's nothing in the world like fresh eggs from the farm. Adding some chickens to your farm is a great idea if you love having fresh eggs! You will have to feed/water the chickens daily and they will produce some delicious eggs. The cafe sets aside kitchen scraps to feed the chickens a nice snack. You may also consider using scraps to make a compost heap to use with your planting beds. You can visit the farm to see the Ameraucana chickens, guinea fowls and goats. Yes, that is a blue egg! There is also a bunny named Einstein that hangs out in the chicken pen. Mel feeds the chickens and goats a little treatDaily feeds the chickens and goats, and collects the eggs from the coop. Currently, the farm has eggplant growing (purple and white!), okra, carrots, beets, radishes, green beans, onions, horseradish, rosemary bushes, basil, pear trees, an olive grove, peaches, papaya, strawberries and several other fresh herbs and vegetables. Fruit/Vegetables on Blue Clay FarmEggplant & Okra with beautiful flowers. Fresh herbs & vegetables are scattered all over the farm as well. Okra produces these beautiful yellow flowers and grows in the traditional green, as well as red. Look out for some okra recipes at Manuel's Bread Cafe coming soon - I saw some yummy okra growing! Okra is great pickled, fried, or in soups. Mel cuts some okra for Manuel's Bread Cafe recipesCutting some delicious okra for the cafe. Check out the beet tattoo. The girl was born for this! Baaaaaaaaad goats!Life on the farm - Bring in the goats! There is always endless work to be done on a farm - Clearing away weeds, replanting beds, cleaning the animal pens, feeding animals, harvesting the bounty, watering and caring for plants, growing new seeds... The rewards of farming are also endless. Look at that smile! Being outdoors in nature is beneficial for your body, mind, and spirit. "Being a farmer/gardener is such a rewarding hobby/occupation. Being outside with nature is in itself therapeutic... but by putting trust, patience, and love into Gaia (Primordial Goddess of the Earth) in return for her bountiful blessings is the pathway to the most beautiful relationship you could ever imagine. A relationship everyone should have, which is, respect for this Earth and love for our Mother." Blue Clay Farm GreenhouseThe baby seedlings are sprouting! Once they get a few inches tall, they are moved to the raised beds to grow and prosper. A huge part of maintaining this farm is growing the garden. Mel is currently planting seedlings which she will move to the raised bad to grow for her fall harvest. She gets them started in the greenhouse. She makes her own planting soil with a mixture of mushroom compost, perlite, vermaculite, and peat moss. She also propagates new plants from trimmings. (A great example is the strawberry tower). Mel has some seedlings started in the greenhouse to be planted in the garden in mid - September. Good ideas for new crops this time of year: kale, mustard greens, collard greens, cauliflower, broccoli, lettuce, leeks, butternut, spaghetti, and winter squash. Sounds delicious! Manuel's Blue Clay Farm Growing fresh, organic food for Manuel's Bread Cafe. Something really cool that I learned from Mel is a technique called Espalier to get the best fruit production. This is an ancient planting strategy of forcing a plant to grow on a trellis, which creates a beautiful frame and saves space while increasing production. It comes from the Italian word spalliera, meaning "something to rest the shoulder against." (Thank you wikipedia). Here are the pear trees being trained to grow up a trellis using this Espalier technique. EspalierPear trees taking the shape of the trellis. There is a grove of olive trees on the property, planted in potters. The olives are growing juicier by the day. They will be harvested and used in salads for the cafe. Olive grove & Onion bloomsEverywhere you look is fresh, alive, and growing. Another tree on the farm is my personal favorite. I think everyone should have an icon - the FIG tree - in their garden! Just pick them as they ripen, and enjoy. Blue Clay Farms has a gorgeous fig tree that is covered in fruit. If you've had any fig dessert at the cafe, chances are it was grown right here on the farm. Take a bite!Delicious figs fresh off of the tree at Manuel's organic Blue Clay Farm The atmosphere makes it tough to leave. It's so nice to have a little garden tucked away. I'd encourage everyone to grow your own garden patch no matter how little room that you have. Beautiful scenery and delicious eggsWhat more could you want! Lastly, here is the meeting area, greenhouse, entry road, and border fence of the farm. I hope you enjoyed this tour of Manuel's Blue Clay Farm and meeting farmer Mel. I'm sure she would appreciate help if you wanted to get experience working on an organic farm! Do visit the farm and cafe if you get the chance! Have a great day, Laura Please comment below if you wish. The views of Blue Clay FarmHere is the meeting area, greenhouse, entry road, and border fence at the farm.

agronomy

https://tunisiatourism.info/en/articles/oasis-nos-ancetres-faisaient-de-la-permaculture

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Permaculture and forest gardening, these fashionable concepts are not new: they were already applied in ancient times in the oases of Tunisia! A forest garden is a garden created on the model of the forest and which gathers various agricultural productions on several levels. A concept of natural and sustainable agriculture , very popular in the context of permaculture (sustainable agriculture system using biodiversity). But what is an oasis , if not a forest of palm trees created by man, irrigated by multiple channels fed by springs? And here is what the Latin author Pliny the Elder wrote in the first century AD about the oasis of Gabes , in southeastern Tunisia: “There, under a very high palm tree grows an olive tree. And under the olive tree, a fig tree. And under the fig tree, a pomegranate tree. Under it, the vine. Under the vine, wheat is sown, and then vegetables, all in the same year, all growing in each other’s shade.” Dates, pomegranates and bananas Thus, two thousand years ago, various crops were combined in the same space, on several levels, under the protective shade of tall trees! Even today, in the traditional Tunisian oases, date palms are associated with many fruit trees and vegetable plants. The pomegranates and henna of Gabes are famous. In Tozeur, small bananas are produced in the shade of palm trees. From Pliny the Elder to Al-Idrissi Pliny the Elder is the author of the Natural History, an encyclopedia in 37 volumes! We also have this testimony from the Moroccan-Andalusian geographer Al-Idrissi, author of a monumental atlas dedicated to King Roger II of Sicily (12th century): “Gabes is a considerable city, well populated, surrounded by a real wood of orchards that follow one another without interruption and produce fruit in abundance, palm trees, olive trees, …” The oasis of Gabes is a candidate for inclusion in the Unesco World Heritage since 2008. Also read: Tunisia’s World Heritage sites. Sahara: The Tunisian South Nature: Discover the natural variety of Tunisia Tozeur, the oasis city

agronomy

https://jalesy55.wordpress.com/2012/06/03/from-our-garden/

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There are photos of me as a six year-old tilling my garden. My parents allotted me a patch of land in the back yard to grow my own garden. My father enjoyed taking photos of me as I tilled, and I enjoyed working with a rake. To this day, I garden. I may have some ability at tilling, but that is a secondary consideration. To be outdoors smoothing the dark earth is to be almost without stress. My wife also enjoys gardening. This year we have a big garden out back by our garage. We’ve planted lettuce, zucchini, tomatoes, garlic and radishes. I am probably one of the few people who like radishes. And I am still assigned the task of smoothing the dirt, this year purchased from Home Depot, with a rake. Besides gardening, my wife likes travelling on vacation. Seven years ago we went to Jamaica. On the white sands of Jamaica I read the Georgics of the Roman poet Virgil. The Georgics is one of those hard to define works. Unlike Aristotle, I think that didactic works can be poetry, provided they are written in well-crafted imaginative verse. Following the lead of his older contemporary Lucretius, whose De Rerum Natura discoursed on philosophy and science, Virgil wrote a treatise on farming in the Georgics. There has been much conjecture on why Virgil wrote this work. Some have speculated that Virgil’s patron the emperor Augustus wanted people go out from crowded Rome to the farms. But Virgil in person was said to have been somewhat countrified and awkward. He might have been something like the characters that Jimmy Stewart so often played in film. The eloquence that was his on papyrus eluded him in person. But Virgil had come from the country, and was intimately familiar with the rigors and rituals of farming. He wrote in classic Latin of the seasons of the year, of the different crops and the rewards of a farmer’s life. We, as a society, have gotten away from the basics. Farming is looked down upon. The farmer’s life is still hard physically, and heartbreakingly difficult economically. The Federal Farming Administration has been reduced to the F.F.A. because of the government’s alarming perception of farming’s stigma. But of late a home-grown agricultural movement has cropped up. It appears in unexpected places. People grow vegetables on urban rooftops. In Brooklyn, a large number of people raise chickens in order to have their own eggs. There are a number of reasons for this trend. The first, and most obvious one, is economic. In tough times, it is cheaper to grow your own food than to buy it. The second stems from health. The processed foods of stores and restaurants have caused us to become large and unhealthy. To eat home-grown vegetables is to receive nutrition without the fats, sodium and other additives offered us by the middlemen. We may have become too urban or suburban, too tethered to technology to wholly return to the agricultural way of life. But to return to it even in small ways is to become healthier. Agriculture connects us with the cycle of life, and with our deepest roots. As a nation, we have gotten away also from work. A return to farming would again teach us the dignity of labor, and convince us of our inherent worth. I hope the best for this year’s garden. We had a light winter, so we need rain. With enough rain, I will be able to eat tomatoes in August and zucchini bread in September. So I hope for the rain, and for the rain of public awareness that will come to the new agricultural movement. The ground is ripe for it.

agronomy

https://www.twistedcitrus.co.nz/blog/post/31-The-shortest-day-time-to-plant-garlic

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The shortest day: time to plant garlic! As temperatures drop and the nights draw in, most of us are stoking the fire and dreaming of sunnier climates, but for our garlic grower, Kirsty Gaddam, mid-winter means pulling on her gummies and getting out into the cold to plant her crop. Traditionally planted on the shortest day and harvested on the longest, garlic spends a significant period in the ground. Another reason to choose organic garlic: six months of soaking up all the soil’s goodness and nutrients or a cocktail of nasty pesticides and chemicals? Planted, weeded and harvested by hand, our organic garlic is simply peeled clean and trimmed before it’s sent to customers, unlike supermarket garlic which is often bleached and sprayed to prevent sprouting. Kirsty grows Takahue Red, a New Zealand heirloom variety with a wonderful aromatic flavour which was found growing wild in the sand dunes in the Far North. If you are inclined to pull your gumboots on and grow your own garlic, it’s still not too late – the shortest day is a guideline rather than a deadline – and because our garlic is organic and untreated, it can be used for seed as well as eating. Growing garlic is a synch: it requires very little maintenance. - Make sure your soil is fertile and free-draining – add plenty of compost if you are unsure. - Simply cultivate your soil and plant the biggest cloves (these will produce the biggest bulbs – save the rest for cooking) about 5cm below the soil’s surface. - Once sprouts appear, cover with straw to keep in moisture and reduce weeds. - Fertilise and water regularly, paying particular attention to watering in November and December when much of the growth is done but conditions tend to be drier. - Take a post-Christmas break from the garden and relax while the tops die back, and your garlic will be ready to harvest in mid-summer.

agronomy

http://www.elkhornfarm.com/about.html

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Leucospermum "Tango" growing at Elkhorn Farm In 1996, two cousins, born and raised in South Africa, started a 40-acre farm in California’s Central Coast to grow the stunning wildflowers they grew up with—proteacea. One of these cousins—Pierre Taljaard—already had a successful protea farm in South Africa's Western Cape Province where these flowers also make up the native vegetation adjacent to his farm. Pierre's cousin—Jan van Greunen—was a civil engineer living in San Francisco and was also interested in growing proteacea to sell as cut flowers. In finding the correct location for their farm, they searched for farmland with just the right soil composition and acidity. Their search led to a former strawberry farm in the Elkhorn highlands near Monterey Bay. Pierre then imported plant material from South Africa to California to start the farm. A view of native fynbos in the Tradouw Pass, South Africa. Many of the South African flowers and foliage we grow at Elkhorn Farm are part of the Cape Floristic Kingdom known in South Africa as “fynbos.” Fynbos means “fine bush” and consists mainly of members of the Proteacea and Erica (heather) families, which are generally hard-leaved shrublands and heathlands found in the coastal plains and mountains of the southwestern and southern cape of South Africa. More than 7,700 plant species are found in the fynbos biome. Much of the fynbos grow predominantly on well-leached, infertile soils. The best known representative of the protea family is South Africa’s national symbol--protea cynaroides or king protea. Like California’s maritime chaparral, fynbos are drought-tolerant and grow in one of the earth’s five mediterranean climate ecosystems. Mediterranean ecosystems cover less than 3% of the earth’s land surface, yet contain 20% of the earth’s plant biodiversity. Due to living in a climate characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and cool, but mild, rainy winters, California maritime chaparral and fynbos share similar characteristics: Rare Pajaro Manzanita Chaparral plant community adjacent to Elkhorn Farm. Elkhorn Farm is located on a hillside near the protected Elkhorn Slough tidal wetlands ecosystem and is surrounded by native oak woodlands and the rare Pajaro Manzanita Chaparral plant community habitat. Like the mediterranean climate found in South Africa's Cape Province, the climate of coastal California is well-suited to the drought-tolerant flowers, foliage and olive trees we grow. The well-drained and relatively infertile sandy soils of our hillside are also well-suited to fynbos. Equally important is these characteristics of our flowers, foliage and olive trees, and the fact that these shrubs and trees are productive for a number of years, makes these a much better crop for our highly erodible hillside farm than a crop requiring lots of water and replacement every year or two, such as strawberries. Our "About" page header photo shows Leucospermum "Spider" blooming at Elkhorn Farm.

agronomy

https://kealliance.org/stop-soil-erosion-world-soil-day-december-5th-2019/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=stop-soil-erosion-world-soil-day-december-5th-2019

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What is World Soil Day? World Soil Day (WSD) is held annually on 5 December as a means to focus attention on the importance of healthy soil and advocating for the sustainable management of soil resources. An international day to celebrate Soil was recommended by the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) in 2002. Under the leadership of the Kingdom of Thailand and within the framework of the Global Soil Partnership, FAO has supported the formal establishment of WSD as a global awareness-raising platform. The FAO Conference unanimously endorsed World Soil Day in June 2013 and requested its official adoption at the 68th UN General Assembly. In December 2013 the UN General Assembly responded by designating 5 December 2014 as the first official World Soil Day. What Can You Do? Every 5 seconds, the equivalent of one soccer field of soil is eroded. This alarming fact reaffirms the need to raise awareness through World Soil Day of this growing problem, as the Earth’s population continues to expand. This year, by addressing the increasing challenges of soil management, the FAO campaign “Stop soil erosion, Save our future” aims to raise awareness of the importance of sustaining healthy ecosystems and human well-being. By encouraging people around the world to engage in proactively improving soil health, the campaign also aims to raise the profile of healthy soil. If we do not act soon, erosion will; the fertility of the soil will continue to be adversely affected at an alarming rate, threatening global food supplies and food safety. Encouraging all people to participate, FAO has created a thematic website full of information, initiatives and material to spread the message through different multimedia platforms. Unbroken Ground the Full-Length Movie Unbroken Grounds explains the critical role food will play in the next frontier of our efforts to solve the environmental crisis. It explores four areas of agriculture that aim to change our relationship to the land and oceans. Most of our food is produced using methods that reduce biodiversity, decimate soil and contribute to climate change. We believe our food can and should be a part of the solution to the environmental crisis – grown, harvested and produced in ways that restore our land, water, and wildlife. The film tells the story of four groups that are pioneers in the fields of regenerative agriculture, regenerative grazing, diversified crop development, and restorative fishing.

agronomy

https://golaghat.assam.gov.in/departments-level-two/schemes/agriculture-department

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1. Rashtriya Krishi Vikash Yojna (RKVY): Different types of quality seeds (HYV & Hybrid), pesticides, implements, bio-fertilizers etc are distributed among the farmers both Kharif and Rabi seasons. The main scheme under RKVY is Bringing Green Revolution to the Eastern Region (BGREI). The interventions taken under this schemes are: i) Line transplantation on paddy. ii) Introduction of stress tolerant varieties. iii) Cropping system based cultivation iv) Hybrid rice cultivation v) Distribution of various mechanical tools at subsidized rates among individual farmers/groups for asset building component. Tools like a) Power Tiller c) Mini Rice Mill d) Hand Sprayer e) Pump Sets and LLP (both diesel & electric operated) are distributed. 2. National Food Security Mission for Pulse Development (NFSM pulse): Under this scheme stress has been given for the increase of both area and production. Different types of HYV/ Hybrid seeds of pulse crops as well as mechanical tools are distributed like BGREI for better yield of pulse crops. 3. National Mission on Oil and Oil palm (NMOOP): Under NMOOP new promising varieties of oil seeds like rape&mustard, ground nut, sesamum linseed etc are introduced. 4. Targeting Rice Fallow Areas for Eastern Region (TRFA): The main objective of the scheme is to cultivate. 5. Horticulture Mission for North Eastern Himalayan States (HMNEHS): To promote horticultural crops many temporary and permanent activities are undertaken at subsidized rates. Fruit crops, spices, flowers and vegetables are included in this scheme. 6. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sancchay Yojana (PMKSY) This is a flagship programme of Hon’ble Prime Minister under this scheme District Action Plan has been prepared jointly by Agriculture, Irrigation and soil conservation department to cover the district with irrigation facilities within 5 years. To achieve this, Annual action plan has been prepared and work has been done accordingly. 7. Soil Health Card:This is a flagship programme of Hon’ble Prime Minister. Private organization and KVK is entrusted for distributing Soil Health Card to every farmer in the district for better management of soil. Annual target has been fixed by the department of Agriculture and Assam Agriculture University (for KVK). 8. Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF): Under this scheme installation of STW’s and Solar pumps sets are going to be implemented by the Engineering wing of the Agriculture department. 9. National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA): This scheme promotes for the development of Agriculture in Rain-fed areas, the district has some areas specially in Bokakhat sub division where agriculture is practiced only in rain-fed condition. Hence, for the economic growth of the farmers of those areas various activities of agriculture, veterinary, fishery etc are undertaken under this scheme. 10. Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA): The District Agriculture Officer is the project director of this Agency. Under this project various activities of agriculture, veterinary, fishery, sericulture etc are undertaken. Various trainings, exposure visit, farmers-scientist interaction are implemented through. 11. Chief Minister Samagra Gramya Unnavan Yojana (CMSGUY): Under this scheme the Govt. of Assam is going to provide 1(one) no. of Tractor to each revenue village at 70% subsidy through Agriculture Department to achieve this the District Agriculture Department at present selected 195 No. of groups for the same member of revenue villages for the first phase of distribution. 12. Assam Agriculture and Rural Transformation (APART): The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to “add value and improve resilience of selected agriculture value chains, focusing on smallholder farmers and agro-entrepreneurs in targeted districts of the State of Assam. The project would support value addition in the production and post-harvest segments of selected agriculture value-chains; facilitate agribusiness investments through inclusive business models that provide opportunities to small farmers as well as stimulate the establishment of new small and medium agribusiness enterprises; and support resilience of agriculture production systems in order to better manage increasing production and commercial risks associated with climate change, in the targeted districts.

agronomy

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Colorful butterflies and buzzing bees in your yard or lawn are always fascinating to watch. However, these pollinators do so much more than just entertaining us. The fundamental role of these species is to help spark life on this planet. Also, here’s an interesting fact. According to studies, all the pollinators together are responsible for one out of every three bites of food that human beings eat each day. Without the pollinators, we will gradually lose the world as we know it. Therefore, it’s of paramount importance that we do everything in our capacity to provide them with a safe environment devoid of harmful chemicals and pesticides. Here are a few things that we can do to attract pollinators in our lawn – Plant a Diverse Array of Plant Species Different pollinators respond to different flowers. If bees prefer white, yellow, blue and purple, humming birds are naturally attracted to red colored blooms. Again, when it comes to butterflies, they mostly prefer the purple and red tones. So, if you fill your yard with a variety of colorful flowers that bloom from spring to fall, not only will your yard look and smell great but also ring with the hum of bees and the flutter of butterflies. Planting a variety of bloom shapes that range from wide and narrow to tall and short will also help you to draw a diverse group of pollinators. Planting Native Species It’s important that we include some native species in our backyard as being local, the species will be less prone to harmful diseases caused by pests than the imported ones. Another advantage of planting native species is that they naturally attract native pollinators. A bit of research into your local soil and climate can reveal a lot about which native plants or trees are best suited for your backyard. Avoid the Use of Pesticides The single most important reason as to why bees are disappearing today is the unchecked use of pesticides in farms and backyard gardens. Therefore if you want to support pollinators, you should immediately refrain from spraying toxic pesticides in your yard. If you have to use some pesticides, it is crucial that you apply them selectively and carefully. It’s never a good idea to spray pesticides on full open blossoms or flowers when bees and butterflies are hovering around. There is absolutely no need to protect your yard from insects using strong chemicals. Even certain organic pesticides available in the market can be as dangerous as the chemical ones to bees and other beneficial organisms. Instead, leave the job to natural predator insects like ladybugs and wasps. They will take care of what needs to be kept out of your lawn. Provide a Safe Shelter All pollinators need a safe place such as a dead tree, a compost pile, or a hedge to hide from predators and raise their young. Your job is to provide them with such a retreat. If you leave a part of your lawn unattended, it will naturally grow wild and become a ground-nesting place for the bees. Or if you allow a dead tree to stand its ground, it can serve as a nesting space for butterflies as well as solitary bees. Cluster planting is another way to go about as this allows pollinators to move easily from one flower to the other, encouraging thorough pollination of the plants. Ensure Food and Water As humans benefit from consuming a diverse diet, so do the pollinators. Plant a variety of flowers in your lawn and create a feast for them. Since pollinators get vital nutrients such as sugar and amino acids from nectar, having flowers, vegetables, and shrubs that have a blooming period spanning right from early spring to late fall, can help them have their share of protein in plenty. It’s also important that you have some weeds in your backyard as they also serve pollen to the bees and butterflies. Scattered dandelions, creeper vine, and milkweeds in your garden might not be visually appealing to you, but to the pollinators they are an à la carte. Pollinators also need water alongside food. Installing a birdbath or a structure that has fresh water can help pollinators to quench their thirst. However, be wary of allowing any structure in your lawn to accumulate stagnant water as it can easily turn into the breeding ground for bacteria and parasites. All types of pollinators are struggling to maintain a healthy population due to loss of natural habitat, prolonged pesticide use and various diseases caused by toxic chemicals. Providing pollinators with simple resources such as food, water and shelter can go a long way to prevent and protect their species from a steady decline. When pollination is essential for almost one-third of our entire food crops, it is important to remember no step in helping pollinators is either too small or too big. If each one of us does our little bits, we can all contribute significantly in saving our food supply.

agronomy

https://sowtree.com/gelato-strain-a-journey-from-the-garden-to-the-grinder/

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The Cultivation Odyssey The Gelato strain, celebrated for its delightful flavor and harmonious effects, embarks on a journey from the garden to the grinder that showcases the meticulous craftsmanship of cannabis cultivation. This journey is a labor of love, where Gelato’s essence is carefully nurtured, cultivated, and transformed into a beloved cannabis classic. Seeds of Promise The journey begins with the selection of Gelato strain seeds, a process that sets the foundation for the entire cultivation process. Cultivators carefully choose seeds with the desired genetics, seeking to preserve gelato strain distinctive flavor, aroma, and effects. Gelato is a versatile strain, thriving in both indoor and outdoor environments. Indoor cultivation offers precise control over factors like light, temperature, and humidity, resulting in consistent and high-quality yields. Outdoor cultivation, on the other hand, relies on the natural elements, producing robust and resilient plants. Nurturing the Plants Cultivators tend to the Gelato plants with care and expertise, providing them with the ideal conditions to flourish. From carefully measured nutrients to proper training techniques, every detail is considered to optimize growth and yield. The plants are tended to like horticultural works of art, each one unique in its own way. Harvesting and Curing As Gelato plants reach maturity, the harvest is a moment of celebration. Buds are carefully trimmed and dried to preserve their flavor and potency. The curing process follows, allowing the buds to develop their full aromatic and flavor potential. This meticulous care ensures that Gelato maintains its reputation for exceptional taste. From Bud to Grinder The culmination of the journey is the transformation of Gelato buds into a consumable form. Buds are ground into a consistency suitable for smoking or vaporizing, and this is where the grinder plays its part. The grinder ensures that the flower is broken down evenly, allowing for efficient and even combustion, resulting in a satisfying and flavorful experience. A Culinary Approach Gelato’s journey from the garden to the grinder is a testament to the dedication and artistry of cannabis cultivation. Whether enjoyed in a joint, a pipe, or a vaporizer, Gelato’s essence is a culinary delight that invites enthusiasts to savor, explore, and enjoy the fruits of this labor of love. In conclusion, the journey of Gelato strain from the garden to the grinder is a testament to the art and science of cannabis cultivation. This strain’s exceptional flavor, aroma, and effects are the result of careful selection, meticulous care, and a deep love for the craft. Whether you’re a seasoned enthusiast or a novice looking to explore the world of strains, Gelato’s journey is a flavorful adventure that invites you to appreciate the skill and dedication that goes into creating a beloved cannabis classic. As you partake in its delights, remember to consume responsibly and in compliance with local laws, for Gelato is a strain that truly embodies the art of cannabis cultivation.

agronomy

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I recently had the opportunity to visit with John and Dotty Ford and see their wonderful vegetable garden and chat about the enjoyment they have in growing and having fresh vegetables available for cooking. John is a retired schoolteacher who taught Physical Science in the State College School District and is also heavily involved in activities centered on fly-fishing. Both John and Dotty fully appreciate the health benefits derived from eating fresh vegetables and enjoy cooking and also putting up some vegetables for later consumption during the winter months. I thought that it would be nice to tour the garden and see what John has growing in the garden. The garden is approximately 25 feet wide and 100 feet in length, which is 2,500 square feet for those interested in comparing it to an acre, which is 43,560 square feet. I suspect that many of you have gardens comparable in size to John and Dotty’s. The variety of vegetables they have growing in the garden is pretty extensive. They have planted vegetables and herbs that they can use in their cooking and enjoy both cooked and fresh. They like to eat fresh salads and the garden reflects this fact. The vegetables I observed were cabbage, romaine lettuce, spinach, potatoes (Yukon Gold), turnips, radishes, green and yellow snap beans, sweet bell peppers, hot peppers, pickling cucumbers, garlic, chives, dill, parsley, basil, Cilantro, nasturtium (edible flowers), pumpkins and sunflowers. The crop that John is most proud of is his tomato, which I suspect is a favorite of many gardeners across the region. A little background on tomatoes is in order. Tomatoes originated in the South American Andes in a region that now makes up parts of Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador. This is similar to the potato. Eventually tomatoes were planted throughout Central America and into Mexico where Spanish explorers found them growing in Montezuma’s garden in the sixteenth century. The Spanish introduced tomatoes to the world. Recently scientists learned the lycopene content of tomatoes was especially good for maintaining a healthy heart. This extremely nutritious vegetable is now considered America’s favorite vegetable. The tomatoes found in the Fords’ garden are the following varieties: Stupice, Brandywine, Sweet 100, Better Boy, Better Bush and Homestead. As you can see, the Fords have planted some excellent tomato varieties, and in a recent phone conversation, he even asked me when I was going to come over and help pick tomatoes. I hope that your gardens are doing well and that you are enjoying having fresh veggies to eat.

agronomy

https://www.minijake.com/Books/Science-%26-Nature/Quarto/The-World-That-Feeds-Us/9780711277717/

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The World That Feeds Us : Discover how our food is produced in a sustainable way. The World That Feeds Us is a stylishly illustrated book looking at the workings of green farming methods around the world, exploring the rhythm of sustainable farming throughout the year from city farms, to heritage breeds and farmer's markets. Where does our food come from? Is farming different around the world? In this charmingly illustrated book, follow sustainable farming around the world to discover how farmers from Hawaii, to Sweden, the UK, and beyond grow the fresh and tasty food we enjoy eating. Explore the seasonal workings of farms around the world, and how food can be grown using sustainable methods that focus on quality versus quantity to ensure an environmentally healthy future. The World That Feeds Us explores fascinating farms and farming techniques around the world, including: *Global cacao production *City farms, on rooftops, and beyond *Heirloom crops and heritage breeds *Farmer's markets across the globe *High-tech machinery such as farmbots A glossary defines key sustainable farming terms. Through this colorful and global look at farming, children will learn how farmers, and us, can make choices to protect the planet, while still enjoying delicious and nutritious food. Ages: 7 to 11 Years Grades: 2 to 6 Dimensions: 8.7 in W x 11.6 in L Share:Facebook like Tweet button Google Plus button Pinterest button Tell a friend

agronomy

https://starkparks.com/shops/mill-store/

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261 Main St., Magnolia 44643 Magnolia Flouring Mills: 330.866.3354 After touring the Magnolia Flouring Mill and learning about its fascinating history, visitors can stop in the mill store to continue their trip back in time. Take a memento with you like a Mill t-shirt, a “Cat’s Meow” keepsake (shaped and decorated just like the mill and old train station), or an authentic Magnolia Mill feed bag. Visitors will also find many other “old-time” gifts and keepsakes. The Magnolia Mill continues to produce a wide variety of products that are sold in the mill store. Cornmeal, a wide variety of bird seed mixes, and cow chop (cattle feed) are still produced by the mill. All mill-produced products are made from locally purchased ingredients. Our high quality corn meal is produced with locally grown corn and is ground in our antique corn cracker. The result is a fine, delicious meal that is perfect for corn bread, mush and scrapple. If you have purchased our corn meal, try these old-fashioned recipes. The mill also offers a wide variety of other commercial feed products including: All mill store proceeds benefit the maintenance and continued operation of the historic mill. The Magnolia Flouring Mill store is full of products, from keepsakes and gifts to goods and animal feed. The Stark County Park District prohibits the use of motorized vehicles in this park and on its trails. Sections of trail may not be suitable for wheelchair access. Weather may impact the accessibility of trails, always use caution.

agronomy

https://www.hahnresearchgroup.com/publications/journals/experimental-and-computational-optimization-escherichia-coli-co-culture

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Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have enabled the use of microbial production platforms for the renewable production of many high-value natural products. Titers and yields, however, are often too low to result in commercially viable processes. Microbial co-cultures have the ability to distribute metabolic burden and allow for modular specific optimization in a way that is not possible through traditional monoculture fermentation methods. Here, we present an Escherichia coli co-culture for the efficient production of flavonoids in vivo, resulting in a 970-fold improvement in titer of flavan-3-ols over previously published monoculture production. To accomplish this improvement in titer, factors such as strain compatibility, carbon source, temperature, induction point, and inoculation ratio were initially optimized. The development of an empirical scaled-Gaussian model based on the initial optimization data was then implemented to predict the optimum point for the system. Experimental verification of the model predictions resulted in a 65% improvement in titer, to 40.7±0.1mg/L flavan-3-ols, over the previous optimum. Overall, this study demonstrates the first application of the co-culture production of flavonoids, the most in-depth co-culture optimization to date, and the first application of empirical systems modeling for improvement of titers from a co-culture system. Metabolic Engineering 35, pp. 55-63 (2016)

agronomy

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Black teas are often attributed specific names depending upon the region where the tea plants are grown and the resulting tea leaves produced. What is black tea? Black tea, like all teas, comes from the Camellia sinensis plant. Black tea leaves differ from their green, white, and oolong counterparts due to the level of oxidation in the leaves. Once plucked from the tea plant, the leaves begin to oxidize, and the oxidation is only halted once heat is applied. To be considered a black tea, the leaves must be 80% or more oxidized. In order to achieve near full oxidation more quickly, tea producers often macerate, tumble, or roll the leaves. As the oxidation in the leaves occur, the level and content of polyphenols change. Black tea tends to have more thearubigins and theabrownins than other types of tea. The result is darker leaves, which often yields a reddish brown liquid once steeped. The taste of the cup is often described as malty, fruity, and sometimes smoky as well. Where is black tea from? Though tea plants are now grown around the world in many different climates and regions, most of the more common teas you would drink come from Southeast Asia. Today, there are hundreds of cultivars and hybrid plants based on the Camellia sinensis plant. However, there are two main, or more popular, cultivars from which our tea leaves are harvested: Camellia sinensis sinensis and Camellia sinensis assamica. Native to China, the Camellia sinensis sinensis plant yields smaller leaves and is typically used to make white or green tea. The plant itself is more tolerant to the cold and tends to grow in dry, sunny regions. This plant is often found in China, Japan, and Taiwan. Having originated in Northern India, the Camellia sinensis assamica plant yields larger leaves typically used to make black tea. The plant thrives in subtropical forests and does well in warm, moist climates. The leaves are great for yielding the maltier, stronger cups of brew that black tea is known for. This plant is often grown in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Argentina. What's in the name? Some of the most popular black teas in the world are often named after the region in which the tea leaves are grown and produced. The Assam region in India has a rainy, tropical climate and is home to the largest tea-growing region in the world. The Camellia sinensis assamica plant got its name from the Assam region, as this is where the plant originated. Most likely due to British influence, Assam black teas are often used in breakfast and other common flavored blends, like English Breakfast and Earl Gray. The malty, bold flavor holds up to the addition of milk and sugar. From another region in the country of India, we get Darjeeling. The name is reserved for teas grown on specific plantations that meet several criteria to earn the Darjeeling label, including location and altitude. The resulting flavor profile of the tea is often described as softer and more floral, sometimes spicy. Teas grown in various regions of Sri Lanka are called Ceylon. Though the flavor of the tea is often described as strong and brisk, the teas may vary significantly depending on where they grow. The climate of Sri Lanka's many tea gardens range from cool and mountainous to humid and tropical. Those black teas grown at a higher elevation tend to be lighter in color and milder in flavor, while black teas grown at lower elevation tend to be a darker, with a reddish-orange color and bolder tasting notes. Keemun tea comes from the Anhui province, China. Though still described as malty, the flavor of the resulting tea tends to be lighter with a sweet finish. This specific black tea often yields cups with stone fruit flavors and is slightly smoky. The resulting brew is sometimes even described as containing hints of cocoa. Keemun is the most popular of black teas produced in China. These are just a few of the more popular black teas consumed around the world. Remember, though black teas tend to be darker in color and bolder in flavor than other types of tea, the flavor profiles of each tea may vary significantly. The region in which the tea was grown, what crops were near the tea plants, the variation in climate during the growing season, etc. may all impact the flavor of the resulting cup of tea in the end. We invite you to try a few of these different types of black tea and explore the resulting diverse range of colors and flavors in your steeped cup of tea.

agronomy

http://www.uah.org/projects-initiatives/grow-a-row/

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Thanks to all the community-minded individuals who participated in Grow-a-Row this year! From Sugarhouse to Spanish fork, over 40 people grew and donated fresh produce to their local food pantries. The map below shows all the “rows” throughout the valley. Check out this great article from Deseret News that highlights a West Jordan boy scout who used Grow a Row to enlist his neighbors to grow and donate thousands of pounds of winter squash this season. Why Grow a Row? We believe that everyone has the right to fresh, healthy, food. However, those who rely on food pantries often do not have access to fresh produce. This is where you come in. Do you have a garden that produces far too many tomatoes than you can eat and preserve? Does your apple tree overwhelm you with fruit by the end of the season? Instead of letting all that fresh, nutritious produce go to waste, you can donate it to it to your local food pantry. You can fight hunger in your own backyard! How it works: We want to make giving easy, so in the spring we contact food pantries to make sure that they’re willing and able to receive donations from the public. By making the connection between participants and pantries, we hope to increase the amount of fresh produce donated throughout the growing season. We believe that this is one way to give back and share extra produce with those who otherwise lack access. Read about the history of Grow-a-Row here. Who can participate: Anyone with a bit of garden space! This is also great opportunity for an Eagle Scout Project. Please help us spread the word to your family, friends, neighbors, and co-workers. Follow this link to download a Grow A Row flyer. How to get involved: Sign up here to register your “row.” You can find a pantry accepting donations near you here. After you plant, grow, and harvest your produce, you’re all set to donate your surplus to hunger relief.

agronomy

http://freeluna.blogspot.com/2008/06/astronauts-space-age-weed-eaters.html

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Astronauts: Space-Age Weed Eaters? While NASA contemplates what plants might be grown in space for the Astronauts based on the moon or on their way to Mars, may I offer a few of my own plant candidates? These candidates probably haven't been researched much so far because, for most people, they're dismissed as common weeds. Summer Purslane - Portulaca oleracea Summer Purslane, or common purslane, is a common bane to most gardeners. This flat-growing, succulent-leafed plant grows just about anywhere soil is devoid of other plants, "it tolerates poor, compacted soils and drought" -- See the Wikipedia link, above. It grows during the warmer times of the year and contains more Omega 3 fatty acids than any other leafed vegetable. It also contains a fair bit of vitamin C. I like summer purslane for four reasons: (1) it's tasty, (2) it likes poor soils, (3) you can eat almost the whole thing, and (4) it grows as a flat mat, which allows a space-cramped astro-farmer to grow closely stacked shelves of it in a corner of his/her biosphere. Here I envision shelves where the bottom side is covered in LEDs to illuminate the plants on the shelves below it. Miner's Lettuce - Claytonia perfoliata Miner's lettuce, sometimes called Winter Purslane, is one of the first plants to appear in the California springtime. When it's still chilly outside, it's tender shoots break through the poor soil into the shady areas in which it usually grows. When the heat of summer kicks in, Claytonia begins to fade from the spotlight, but not before producing a bounty of seeds. The name "Miner's Lettuce" comes from the Gold Rush era, when miners would eat it to prevent scurvy, obviously because of it's vitamin C content. I like miner's lettuce for six reasons: (1) it's tasty - much like lettuce or spinach, (2) it likes cool shade, (3) it contains vitamin C, (4) with its round central leaf it looks like it should be a space vegetable, (5) you can almost eat the entire plant, and (6) it doesn't much care what soil you try growing it in. From our astro-farmer's point of view, miner's lettuce is an ideal vegetable when you're running short of light and heat, such as during the lunar nighttime when power consumption would be at a minimum. Common Chickweed - Stellaria Media Another fine winter plant, chickweed is tasty stuff that grows almost anywhere there is space. Like miner's lettuce and summer purslane, above, chickweed is almost entirely edible. As a medicinal plant, it has been traditionally used to treat skin-related ailments. I like this plant for 5 out of the 6 reasons I like miner's lettuce -- chickweed, however, doesn't look much like a space vegetable. Common Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale Dandelions can be used as salad greens and the taproot can be dried and roasted as a coffee substitute. Naturally this means that nearly the entire plant can be consumed. Dandelions are easy to grow, perhaps much harder not to grow. No space garden should be without a patch of the cheery yellow flowers. You'll notice by now that the candidates I've offered have a few common attributes. The first, in all cases the plants can be almost entirely consumed. When you look at many of the NASA-tested vegetables, such as tomatoes, potatoes, and wheat, there remains a fair amount of plant waste after harvest that needs to be broken down and returned to the soil/nutrient solution. This requires room and energy to accomplish and effects the O2/CO2 balance if composting or incineration are used. All the candidates can grow in relatively poor soil. Weeds are robust members of the plant community. They are opportunists which usually grow quickly wherever they end up, and they generate a fair number of seeds as a matter of course, allowing for a multitude of re-plantings. Two of the candidates are winter vegetables, requiring less energy than typical summer vegetables. One of the candidates grows as a flat mat, allowing it to grow on tightly spaced shelves where space is limited. These candidates demonstrate that by looking a bit "outside of the box", growing space vegetables may be easier than currently anticipated.

agronomy

https://www.4562eumundi.com.au/fruit-growers-across-the-goulburn-valley-need-your-help-to-get-the-fruit-off-the-trees/

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Fruit growers across the Goulburn Valley need your help to get the fruit off the trees. Greater Shepparton and Victorian farmers need your support to get produce off to market. Due to COVID-19 travel restrictions, farmers are expecting a shortfall of thousands of seasonal workers. Workers who support the industry will support farmers and ensure fresh produce is supplied to Australia and the rest of the world. Pickers are needed to ensure quality fruit does not go to waste. No experience is needed apart from being physically healthy, fit and reliable, as well as having a willingness to learn and a great attitude! If you ware wanting to start a longer term career in the industry, there are opportunities that require some level of training such as driving tractors, etc. Your employer will let you know what is needed and most growers are willing to train people in new skills. Relocation assistance for harvest work of up to $6,000 is available to eligible Australian’s and $2,000 if you are a visa holder with the right to work in Australia. To be eligible for relocation assistance you will need to work for at least six weeks and at least 120 hours in a harvest, regional or remote area. For further information on this assistance please visit the Australian Government’s Job Search website.

agronomy

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top of page What fruit do you wish to bear in your life? Whether it's a baby, a career, a health goal, or a dream, a nourishing diet is one of the foundations of a vibrant, fruitful life. How will you cultivate the rich, fertile soil necessary for your fruit to ripen? Whole, natural, clean, simple foods provide optimal fuel for your body, mind, and soul to face life's great adventure. Allow me to gently work the soil alongside you, to tend to the roots. May your harvest be bountiful! bottom of page

agronomy

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Oh, how we love our gardens. How many other things can nurture us, body and soul, quite like a lovingly tended garden? Unfortunately, there’s no lack of pesky pests who love our gardens too. Even a novice gardener knows that keeping the bugs and hungry animals away from a garden is more than half the battle. One of the most common pests that make their way into our gardens are squirrels. As you notice signs of these pests, such as bite marks and missing plants, you’re likely asking yourself one glaring question: How do you keep squirrels out of a garden? These days, there are all kinds of chemical weapons to use to keep both bugs, squirrels, and other animals aways from your garden. However, these chemicals can be harmful to you, your garden’s bounty, and the surrounding wildlife. And besides, who wants to ingest chemically polluted plants? Luckily, there are ways to keep animals out of your garden naturally – and cheaply, too. Here, you’ll read some of the top ways to keep bugs, squirrels, and other animals away from your garden. Tip #1: Use Your Kitchen Waste Our first tip to keeping squirrels out of your garden, along with avoiding other pests, is to put your kitchen waste to use. Squirrels, along with other animals and bugs, can be kept at bay by putting certain kinds of kitchen waste around the patch. Items like coffee grounds, egg shells, and citrus fruit rinds are unfavored amongst these pests, keeping them at a distance. These cute but naughty garden devastators have a very developed sense of smell – so these strong odors work well at keeping them away. If you’re trying to keep squirrels out of your garden in particular, use garlic! While we love this tasty, fragrant food when we cook, squirrels certainly do not feel the same. Mix some chopped garlic with equal parts vinegar and let the mixture sit for a few days. Spray the garlic mixture around your garden, such as on fences, stakes, and pots. Its strong scent will keep squirrels and other animals away, keeping your crops safe and sound. Tip #2: The Age Old Soap Trick This old Farmer’s Almanac trick has stood the test of time, proving to still be effective at keeping squirrels and other animals out of gardens. First, cut up some Irish Spring soap and place it in a few small drawstring pouches. Place the pouches around your garden, making sure to cover all areas. The strong scent of the soap should help to keep animals out of the garden, including deer and those pesky squirrels. Tip #3: Create a Physical Barrier to Keep Animals Away When figuring out how to keep animals out of a garden, a good physical barrier is typically the best defense. To do so, create a barrier around the entire perimeter of the garden. There are a few options you can choose, including hardwire cloth, chicken wire, or a wooden fence. If you’re trying to figure out how to keep squirrels out of a garden in particular, use squirrel fence spikes. These are specifically designed to keep squirrels away by placing pointed spikes atop the barrier. Don’t worry though, they won’t harm the squirrels. They’ll just save you from the havoc they wreak on your garden! Tip #4: Use Plants to Keep Bugs Away From a Garden If you’re asking yourself how to keep bugs away from your garden, here’s a tip for you. Bring in the good guys. There are many types of insects that are actually beneficial to your garden. That’s because these good bugs, like wasps, actually feed on the bugs that often damage our crops. To bring in the good bugs, you can incorporate plants into your garden that attract them. Queen Anne’s Lace, Butterfly Weed, parsley, carrots and chamomile are all known to attract wasps and other beneficial insects that will protect your garden. Another tip to keep bugs away from your garden is to plant insect repelling plants near the crops. Some plants have insect-repelling properties that will work to keep these garden-damaging bugs at a distance. Some of these plants include lavender, basil, mint, lemongrass, and petunias. Not only will these plants help keep bugs away from your garden, but many of them look and taste great too! Finding that rabbits are the culprit for your garden’s damage? Planting onions around the perimeter works best at keeping these cute, but havoc wreaking, animals away. Tip #5: Use Motion-Sensor Sprinklers Placing motion-sensor sprinklers near your garden is another tip for keeping squirrels and other animals out of the garden. When these animals arrive to steal your crops, the sprinklers will activate once they get too close. Squirrels, and other animals like rabbits and deer, are notoriously skittish. The alarming sound and spray of water will deter them away from your garden, keeping your crops safe (and watered)! Garden pests are a pain and a nuisance that most gardeners have dealt with. After putting hard work into creating a bountiful garden, it’s hard to watch its bounty get stolen by squirrels, other animals, and pesky bugs. Next time you’re wondering how to keep squirrels out of your garden, along with other common pests, follow these simple tips. With some vigilance and perseverance, you’ll be on your way to keeping your garden safe! And if these common garden pests make their way into your home, call an expert like Eliminate’Em to take control of the problem. We offer squirrel removal and other wildlife control to keep your family safe! The professional technicians at Eliminate’Em are available to you 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. Give us a call at 1-866-652-1367 (7378) for Connecticut, New York, and Massachusetts pest removal today!

agronomy

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[INTERVIEW] Mbuli Charles Boliko, Director of the Liaison Office in Japan for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations talks about FAO and agriculture for the future Agriculture provides us with our food, and without food there can be no life. We need to invest in sustainable agricultural strategies which allow us to feed ourselves without compromising the capacity and ability of the future generation to also do the same. - Category: #interview #Agriculture & Food - Interview date: Sep 27th, 2018 - Writer: David Question: Could you tell us about FAO’s mission to achieve zero hunger and your activities in Japan? Mr. Charles Boliko: FAO is a specialized agency under the United Nations which focuses on issues related to food and agriculture. Its main objective is to lead the global cause of achieving zero hunger by ensuring that every human being on earth has access to sufficient food, in terms of both quantity andquality. The FAO mandates are - to increase the production of nutritious food for all people by introducing agricultural techniques and contributing to rural development, - to ensure resilience, - to reduce dependence on food aid by educating people on how they can produce their own food, and - to utilize and manage human resources on a sustainable level. The main activities of FAO are - research and knowledge accumulation (data analysis, generation of knowledge, and data-based publications); - policy development and assistance; - service as a forum for neutral discussion that contributes to world peace; and - implementation of concrete projects in the field To achieve its missions, FAO has worked with several stakeholders in mobilizing and promoting its activities to achieve zero hunger, including Japan, which currently stands as the second largest contributor to FAO’s regular budget. Question: How can FAO’s partnership with Pasona Group and Awaji Youth Federation (AYF) contribute to the objectives of both organizations? Mr. Charles Boliko: In this era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations and FAO both continue to work with several organizations including private companies to achieve SDG No. 17, which is to Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development.In the case of Pasona Group, FAO has agreed to work together in achieving greater public awareness regarding food security, and Pasona possesses a wonderful set of networks which is capable of tackling this issue. As Pasona is a renowned recruitment and human resources company, we are now striving to work on capacity development and the dissemination of knowledge. The Fellows in Awaji Youth Federation are extremely creative, open-minded, and belong to the type of young individuals that FAO needs. Apart from utilizing individual skills and building relationships, one of our ongoing projects is the creation of a new FAO establishment which will be done in partnership with Pasona Group at Awaji Island’s Yumebutai International Conference Center. Question: Why is sustainable agriculture so important for the future? Mr. Charles Boliko: Agriculture provides us with our food, and without food there can be no life. We need to invest in sustainable agricultural strategies which allow us to feed ourselves without compromising the capacity and ability of the future generation to also do the same. It is imperative that we do not think only for our own selves, ignoring the consequence of our actions and its impact on future generations. Furthermore, there can be no sustainability until we consider the fulfillment of “5P”: People, Planet, Prosperity, Partnership, and Peace. All of these cannot be achieved without the efforts of people. As the world population continues to rise between now and 2050, we are called upon to increase food production by some 50% in order to meet the new demand. This should be executed in a way which is sustainable without exhausting the quality of our water and land, and in such a way that we are not contributing further to pollution and other environmental issues.

agronomy

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TOMATO THUNDER ORGANIC – 1.5 kg – from Cuxin DCM – Minigran You can achieve a basic improvement of the soil humus layer by consistent application of composted natural fertilizers such as ORGASAN ORGANIC TOMATO FERTILIZER. With this special fertilizer, especially rich in potassium, grow the most beautiful tomatoes. - for growing tomatoes and other vegetables in greenhouses and outdoors. - rich in potassium for firm and juicy fruits - applicable in controlled organic farming according to EU regulation (EWG 889/2008) - VE = 1,5 kg - Application quantity:: 150 – 200 g /m² Why fertilize organically? Organic fertilizers supplement the nutrient supply of the cultivated crops in the garden. The nutrients present in the soil are often not in the optimal usable form and quantity. Only the supply of plant nutrients through fertilization enables the plant to be optimally supplied. Fertilization should be adjusted to the plant’s needs. The use of our organic fertilizers optimizes the nutrition of the plant, promotes plant growth, improves the yield and also the quality of the harvested products. Soil fertility is permanently increased by organic fertilization. What does MINIGRAN mean? The unique Minigran production process produces a microgranule that is significantly smaller than classic granules and is also very fine and homogeneous. This allows an even distribution of fertilizer between the plants. Another special feature is that the minigranulate has no breaking edges. This makes it low in dust and odor. An additional advantage is the very low nutrient leaching into groundwater compared to chemical fertilizers. The nutrients are plant-available, with maximum respect for the environment at the same time Organic biological garden care products of the brand CUXIN DCM. Cuxin DCM fertilizers combine scientific know-how and ecological standards. We deliberately refrain from selling mineral fertilizers in order to avoid polluting waters and meadows.

agronomy

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15 kg of pork consumed by an average Estonian comes from Rakvere Farms. An average Estonian eats approximately 32 kg of pork in a year, half of which is the Rakvere Meat Processing Plant’s fresh meat and meat products. 40% of Estonian-raised pork grows up in Rakvere Farms. There are about 625,000 pigs raised in Estonia every year, from which 250,000 are raised in Rakvere Farms. There are so many pigs raised in Estonia that it is more than enough for all Estonians. This is why some of the pigs and pork travel to other countries. 280 kg of mixed fodder is used to raise one pig in Rakvere Farms. Altogether, Rakvere’s pigs eat about 85,000 tons of mixed fodder in a year, out of which 70,000 tons is local production from Estonian fields and is grown by Estonian farmers. 99% of mixed fodder is produced in Estonia. Also, over 60,000 tons of whey left over from the dairy industry is used to feed the pigs. he right temperature is very important when raising pigs: in a cool pigsty, a part of the energy from the fodder is used not to grow but to sustain the body's temperature. But in too warm an environment, the pigs lose their appetite and their gain decreases again. The highest temperature of about 35 °C is needed by the suckling pigs when they are born, weaners need 19–25 °C and pigs only 18 °C. Whether the temperature is suitable for the pigs can also be determined by simply observing the pigs. When the pigs are lying next to each other, then the temperature is just right for them. In a cold pigsty, pigs climb on top of each other in order to keep warm. In too hot a pigsty, the pigs keep away from each other when lying or are even in the dung in order to get rid of the excess heat.

agronomy

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- Put the plants in clumps of three to five (single plants in a row look unnatural). - Put the taller plants near the center of a grouping, or to the rear. - Don’t put the plants too close together--they will grow. - Make little access pathways through the garden, so you avoid compacting the soil. - Don’t worry--you can always move plants later if you don’t like where they are. I was amazed--most of the plants took hold and thrived. Gradually, I stopped mowing more shady spots in my back yard. First, they’d go to violets. Then, as hand-me-down plants became available, I’d pull up the violets, and plant natives. But I liked violets too, so I left some clumps. Volunteer plants add variety One spring day, before the grass started growing, I noticed a strange, brownish spike growing in my front lawn. A “volunteer.” Not knowing what it was, I transplanted it into my garden. It turned out to be a lovely, mottled trillium. The next year, a jack-in-the-pulpit volunteered. Again, I moved it. Now that I’m five years into my love affair with native plants, things are really taking off. All those plants are spreading, so I have my own “extras” to colonize new areas, such as my terrace. Terraces are good for gardens, because if you remove soil to below the sidewalk, the garden will take runoff from the pavement--ensuring luxurient growth. Select spots where the pavement tilts towards your garden. Getting rid of grass If you want to create a woodland garden in one year, existing grass is a problem. One way is to lay down newspaper in early spring, and put dirt or leaves on top--to kill the grass. But with gradual conversion, the grass simply melts away. The natives and accumulating leaves crowd out the grass. I remove any that remains when I weed twice a year. The garden designs itself During my first weeding in May, I look to see which plants are vigorous. I have several species which are rather aggressive--so I trim them back, giving their shyer neighbors more room. Then I move a few plants around, maybe adding a few plants to a thin clump, till things look right. I weed out the dandelions and creeping Charlie. I look for seedlings that became established last fall--such as trillium or jack-in-the-pulpit. For me, these are in short supply, since I never received “extras” of these. Then I transplant them to clumps that need “beefing up,” or into new areas of lawn that I am transforming. As I find these little “volunteers,” I mark them with a little flag, till I have time to transplant them. During April, you wonder if anything is going to come up. Gradually, little green shoots show their heads. Just as you are despairing whether anything made it through the winter, suddenly... little green heads and spikes are popping up all over. Over the next few weeks, your garden is transformed from barren to blooming. It's magical! May is the best tine of year in my woodland garden. Many species are coming into flower, one after another. It’s fascinating to wander down the paths and take stock--see who’s doing what. How the children grow! Each year, the jack-in-the-pulpit sends up new shoots near the parent plant. Yards have odd corners that are perfect for woodland gardens. Most essential--enriching your soil My house was built in the 1950s on clay. Topsoil under the grass is thin. When you rake the lawn every fall, you are removing most of the organic material that normally would enrich the soil. So it’s essential that you don’t rake your woodland garden!! Even though I started with poor soil, my woodland garden is a success. For best results, you need to do more than not raking to enrich the soil. My neighbor Bob Kowal, a retired botany professor, actually brought in bales of oak leaves he got from the cemetery. Since I have about 50% lawn now, I use my grass clippings as mulch, and I compost weeds and the leaves I rake. Some woodland gardeners use free wood chips provided by the City. These make nice pathways. Or, you can use them as mulch around groups of plants. After about 5 years, the chips break down to enrich the soil. Rich soil and mulch help to retain moisture. A natural forest is like a giant sponge--soaking up and holding onto all the rain that falls. The urban forest doesn’t retain as much water, so you’ll have to supply extra during dry periods. Some years I have to water frequently--other years, hardly at all. The two best ways to water are to use soaker hoses, and direct your downspouts to your woodland gardens. You can hook up rain barrels to your soaker hoses. Pour a gallon of water to observe which way your driveway and sidewalk tilts--then build gardens where they will receive extra runoff from the pavement. Don’t let any water escape from your property without using it! You will need to weed 2-3 times a year. Mulching helps keep the weeds in check. You have to keep on top of the creeping Charlie--weed Charlie in May, when you can see the purple flowers. For the most part, native plants can compete with weeds. But your conditions may not be perfect, and some of the weeds, like garlic mustard, are very invasive. And your neighbors are busy exporting weed seeds, like dandelions. Woodland garden VS lawn The woodland garden is... - Far more interesting than a lawn, and more beautiful. - It attracts wildlife, replenishes groundwater, and promotes health of the lakes. - You don’t have to rake or spend money on gas, fertilizer, weedkiller, or lawnmower repairs. If you count the planting--yes, it is more work. But once the garden is established, it’s somewhat less work than a lawn. All you have to do is weed, mulch, and perhaps water. What about mosquitoes? I don’t notice any difference. Mosquitoes aren’t produced in the woods. For breeding they require standing water--such as roof gutters or an old tire someone tossed into the bushes. A source for plants--your biggest challenge If you have shade, your next step is to find a supply of woodland plants. There are sales about town. But more and more people are starting woodland gardens. So chances are, there’s someone in your neighborhood who has extra plants to share. A vigorous garden produces lots of seedlings. Ask your neighbor if you can have some of these tiny plants. Since I started my garden, I haven’t paid a dime for plants. All it cost was about $50 for soaker hoses. Now that I’ve got all those native plants with quirky personalities--I’m starting to find out about them. Wild ginger is really amazing--but that’s another story. # # # 2 small bins for holding/transporting soil, weeds, or mulch. Two plastic garbage cans with lids for holding soil, weeds. (Use lids to shovel soil onto when transplanting plants.) Four (or more) 50’soaker hoses Hose to get water from spigot to soaker hose. Four way junction to split water to four soaker hoses. Wire staples, to hold down soaker hoses Plastic water can Downspout extenders (or PVC flexible drain pipe) At least two composters. Several inexpensive plastic ones are made. If your yard is fenced, you can use a short segment of chicken wire fencing to close off a corner of your fence, turning it into a triangular container about 6-8 feet on a side. Shade-tolerant plants in my garden Trillium (two species) Bleeding heart (not native) Windflower (not native) Lamium (not native)

agronomy

https://notthembutus.wordpress.com/discussion-papers/the-soil-fertility-project-james-bruges-and-david-friese-greene/

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The Soil Fertility Project: James Bruges and David Friese-Greene 26 May 2011 James Lovelock has said that charcoal – if adopted by farmers around the world to increase the yield of their crops – could be our main hope for combating the worst effects of global warming. George Monbiot wrote an article in The Guardian suggesting that biochar (charcoal intended for agricultural purposes) could lead to destructive monocultures if the process is allocated carbon credits and taken up by large-scale agribusiness. The hope and the fear are both realistic, though there is little chance that the technology can attract carbon credits because of difficulties over certification. We are focusing on Lovelock’s hope. The science is complex so this is a gross simplification. Plants capture carbon dioxide from the air through photosynthesis. If you char the plants (wood is not necessary) and bury the char, carbon is captured, almost permanently, and oxygen released: hence carbon dioxide is extracted from the atmosphere. The microscopic cavities of charcoal allow it to retain moisture and provide a refuge for microbes, fungus and mycorrhizae, which associate with plant roots. So biochar is particularly useful for restoring fertility to degraded arid soils in the tropics. The project is being run by SCAD, a large NGO in Tamil Nadu that is in touch with 500 villages. If farmers see positive results from trials it is likely that they will wish to adopt the process, particularly since the cost of synthetic fertiliser is rising. We have a head start because a banana farmer had been using waste rice-husk charcoal and ash from a mill and claims that his use of water has halved, less fertiliser is needed and his yield has increased in quantity and quality. The practice spread to his neighbours, and other farmers are showing an interest. Actually, the use of charcoal to modify soil has a long history in India. There is a problem over equipment. Traditional charcoal-making uses wood and has health hazards. Our friend Dr Ravikumar (seen in the pyrolysis photo) first sparked our interest three years ago with his Anila cooking stove. But larger equipment is necessary for village communities if they are to produce sufficient biochar for agricultural use. Searching the web led to David meeting Black-is-Green in Australia who make a pyrolyser that is sufficiently robust and simple for operation by communities that do not have a background in the technology. The pilot project, which opened in March, serves SCAD’s 5,000-student technical college, so is bigger than appropriate for villages. It has two parts. An anaerobic biodigester is run on green waste from the college kitchen and local markets. It produces gas (for cooking) and electricity as well as providing slurry to permeate the biochar. The pyrolyser is run on dry agricultural waste and prosopis (an invasive bush on the surrounding scrubland) and is driven by a thermal-electric generator strapped to its side. Waste materials and labour are the only inputs for both parts. SCAD has an organic farm adjacent to the project and this is where field trials using biochar are being carried out. However, the first programme is for rigorous scientific pot trials – designed by Evelyn Krull of CSIRO in Australia and analysed at Limerick University – to determine the nature of the products, and how much to mix with local soils. We are not certain how the project will develop but anticipate that village communities, with whom SCAD has a close relationship, will gather waste materials. They will produce their own slurry from green waste, and a mobile pyrolysis unit will be taken round to process the dry waste. Villagers are, however, already attempting to make their own biochar. Their motivation, of course, is not global warming – although this is seriously affecting them – but to increase the yield of their crops. The project is founded on Lovelock’s view that farmers will adopt the practice when they see the benefits. The RH Southern Trust funded the pilot project but other funding is needed for the Soil Fertility Project to spread at SCAD and elsewhere. We are already in consultation with an organisation in the Cameroons.

agronomy

https://selvforsyningen.dk/en/plastic-mulch-hole-puncher-135/star-cup-130-mm-p522

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Star cup 130 mm Star cup (diameter 130 mm) for burning holes in mulch The 130 millimetre wide star cup is used to burn holes with a cross shape on any type of mulch. This cup, heated using the Thermoperfo, will make a precise clear-cut hole in your plastic mulch. It is convenient for transplanting tomatoes, eggplants, marrows and peppers because the mulch can be arranged so that it is very close to the crop. This prevents weeds from emerging. Cup delivered without the Thermoperfo.

agronomy

http://michaelstraumietis.companycoast.com/postdetail/pid/29733

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Growing cannabis requires more than just choosing a cannabis seed. You need to make sure you use the right fertilizer. Using the best fertilizer can make a huge difference in your crop. Before choosing a fertilizer, you need to know the particular need of your plant for the duration of its life cycle. A growing plant needs a growth fertilizer and such need changes as the plant grows. There are various sources for fertilizers. You can create your own fertilizer or you can purchase readily available fertilizers at the local garden center. The best fertilizer is the one consists of the right mix of nutrients as it can help your plant thrive and maximize your yield. Many cannabis growers prefer to use pre-made fertilizers. Fortunately, there are plenty of cannabis fertilizers to choose from. However, you need to keep in mind that cannabis has a wide array of needs. Pre-made fertilizers prevent you from making mistakes, especially when it comes to mixing different chemicals. Today, if you are going to search online, you will find a lot of fertilizers specially formulated for growing cannabis. Such products are manufactured by experienced growers worldwide. One of the companies that produce the best fertilizers for cannabis is Advanced Nutrients. The owner and CEO of Advanced Nutrient is Big Mike Straumietis. He is the one who revolutionizes cannabis growing in the comfort of home. His company, Advanced Nutrients specializes in hydroponics fertilizers. It is a process of growing marijuana with the roots planted in the water. Many cannabis growers prefer this method because there are no loose particles and cannabis growers can grow their own crop even without the soil. Advanced Nutrients has been in the business since 1996. It is the only company that truly understands your need for fast-growing and high-yielding crops. Big Mike has undergone thorough research and employed only the best people to make sure that Advanced Nutrients’ product lines are of top-notch quality. His efforts finally paid off as Advanced Nutrients is now one of the popular nutrient brands in the world. The cannabis plant has special needs and with thorough research and rigorous testing, Advanced Nutrients was able to discover the special needs of cannabis. Hence, every product is specially formulated to meet the needs of every cannabis grower. Advanced Nutrients’ products are a bit expensive compared to others but the company can attest to the quality of its products. In fact, it offers 100% guarantee on its products. Only the best materials and standard manufacturing processes are used to creating fertilizers. Hence, you will be able to grow your crops faster and yield more. That’s the Advanced Nutrients promise.

agronomy

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Vineyard, Farm, and Orchard in California by Ella M. Long ago the Mission Fathers taught the Indians to plant and to take care of vines and fruit-trees. They built water-works to bring life to the thirsty trees in the dry summers, and to grow oranges, limes, and figs, as well as peaches, apricots, and apples. They trained grape-vines over arbors and trellises round the Mission buildings, and from the small, black grapes made wine. Olive trees and date-palms did well at the southern settlements. But most of these orchards died when the Mission Fathers were no longer allowed to make the Indians work for the church property, though a few old palms and olive trees are During Mexican days each ranch owner raised enough grain or corn and beans for his own family but planted no fruit, or but little, while the Americans who came to seek gold thought farming a slow way of making a living. People soon found out, however, that our fine climate and rich soil made good crops almost certain, and there was such demand for fruit and farm products that more and more acres were cultivated each year. Our leading industry now is farming and fruit-growing, and California's delicious fresh or cured fruit is sent all over the world. Large amounts of barley and hops are shipped from here to Europe, and our state produces almost all the Lima beans used in the The citrus fruits, as oranges, lemons, and pomelos, or "grape-fruit," are called, grow in the seven southern counties, or in the foothills on the western slope of the Sierras. The trees cannot endure frost and must be irrigated in the summer. Orange trees are a pretty sight, with their shining green leaves, white, sweet-smelling flowers, and the green or golden fruit. About Christmas-time, when oranges ripen, both blossoms and fruit may be picked from the same tree. Los Angeles and Orange County grow most oranges, but San Diego is first in lemon culture. Half a million trees in that county show the bright yellow fruit and fragrant blossoms every month in the year. The other southern counties also raise lemons by the car-load to send east, or for your lemonade and lemon pies at home. There, too, the olive grows well, that little plum-shaped fruit you usually see as a green, salt pickle on the table. The Mission Fathers brought this tree first from Spain, where the poor people live upon black bread and olives. Olives are picked while green and put in a strong brine of salt and water to preserve them for eating. Dark purple ripe olives are also very good prepared the same way. Did you know that olive-oil is pressed out of ripe olives? The best oil comes from the first crushing, and the pulp is afterwards heated, when a second quality of oil is obtained. Olive trees grow very slowly, and do not fruit for seven years after they are planted. But they live a hundred years, and bear more olives every season. The black or purple fig which grew in the old Mission gardens bears fruit everywhere in the state. Either fresh and ripe, or pressed flat and dried, it is delicious and healthful. White figs like those from abroad have been raised the last few years, and it is hoped in time to produce Smyrna figs equal to the imported. While peach orchards blossom and bear fruit six months of the year in the south, most of this pretty pink-cheeked fruit grows in the great valleys, or along the Sacramento River. Pears also show their snowy blossoms and yellow fruit in the valleys and farther north. The Bartlett pear is sent to all the Eastern states in cold storage cars kept cool by ice, and also to Europe. The finest apricots are those of that wonderful southern country, miles and miles of orchards lying round Fresno especially. Yet the valleys and foot-hills produce plenty, and in the old mining counties very choice fruit ripens. Apples like the high mountain valleys, where they get a touch of frost in winter, though there is a cool section of San Diego County where fine ones are raised. Cherries do well in the middle and valley regions, the earliest coming from Vacaville, in Grapes grow throughout the state, though the famous raisin vineyards, where thousands of tons are dried every year, are around Fresno. Most of the raisins are dried in the sun, but in one factory a hundred tons of grapes may be dried at one time by steam. The raisins are seeded by machinery, and packed in pretty boxes to send all over the coast, and through the states, where once only foreign raisins were used. Many vineyards in the southern part and middle of the state grow only wine grapes, California wines, champagne, and brandy having a wide use. Great quantities of fresh fruits are used in the state or sent away, while the canneries put up immense amounts, also. Canned fruit reaches many consumers, but it is expensive. Our cured or dried fruit, however is so cheap and so good that millions of pounds are prepared every year. Such fruit ripens on the tree and so keeps all its fine flavor. It is then dried in the sunshine, which not only fits it for long keeping but turns part of it to sugar. Apricots, peaches, pears, and cherries are usually cut in halves or stoned before drying. Prunes are first on the list of cured fruits, and they seem the best to use as food. The ripe prunes are dipped into a boiling lye to make the skin tender, then rinsed and spread in the sun a day or two. They are then allowed to "sweat" to get a good color, are next dipped in boiling water a minute or two, dried, and finally graded, a certain number to the pound, and packed in boxes or sacks. Several kinds of nuts grow well in the state. All the so-called "English" walnuts, with their thin shells, are raised in the south, Orange County furnishing half the amount we market. Peanuts and almonds are a good crop there, also, though almond groves are in all parts of the state. Both paper and thick-shelled almonds are usually bleached, or whitened, with sulphur smoke to improve their color. Santa Barbara and Ventura are the bean counties of the state, and send Lima beans away by train-loads, while Orange County grows celery for the Eastern market. Very high prices are received for this celery and other vegetables sent from California during the winter season when fields are covered with snow in the East. And did you know that the state produces a great deal of sugar? Tons and tons of sugar-beets are grown throughout the farming lands, and harvested in September. When the juice of these crushed beets is boiled and refined, it makes a sugar exactly like cane sugar and much cheaper. One-fifth of the beet is sugar, it is said. Even the dry, worthless mountain sides are valuable to the bee-keeper. The bees make a delicious honey from the wild, white sage, which grows where nothing else will live. This sage honey brings the very highest Oats are raised in the coast counties, and corn in the valleys, but owing to cool nights and dry air the corn seldom makes a good crop. Orange County, however, claims corn with stalks twenty feet high and a hundred bushels to the acre. In the south, also, that wonderful forage-plant, alfalfa, will produce six crops a year by irrigation and give a ton or more to the acre at each cutting. Along the upper Sacramento River stretch the great hop-fields full of tall vines covered with light-green tassels. At hop-picking season many families have a month's picnic, children and all working day after day in the fields and pulling off the fragrant hops. Indians, too, are among the best hop-pickers. The dried hops are bleached with sulphur, baled, and in great quantities sent to Liverpool, where with California barley they are used in brewing malt liquors. An odd crop is mustard, and at Lompoc, in Santa Barbara County, enough for the whole country is grown. Both brown and yellow mustard is cultivated, and the little seeds, almost as fine as gunpowder, are sold to spice-mills and pickle-factories. Whole farms are taken up with the production of flower-seeds or bulbs, with acres and acres of calla-lilies, roses, carnations, and violets. The tall pampas-grass, with its long feathery plumes, gives a profitable crop. Indeed, one can scarcely name a fruit, flower, or tree that will not thrive and grow to perfection in our mild climate and rich soil.

agronomy

https://frontrangeautmow.com/faqs

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The latest technology in the lawn care industry, a robotic lawn mower is an autonomous robot that is responsible for cutting grass. This technology requires the user to set up a border wire of their property that defines the area that needs to be cut. The wire helps the robot to locate the areas of grass within the lawn that need to be mowed as well as locate the recharging dock. Robotic lawn mowers first entered production in 1995 and can now handle several acres if needed. They are meant to be completely autonomous, and some now work with voice control when connected to your Amazon Echo or Google Home device. Autonomous is defined as having the freedom to operate itself and has its own controls. Autonomous lawn mowers have the ability to operate and mow lawns on their own with the settings and controls from the operator. There is no physical demand needed for the robotic mower to run. Yes! This is one of the many perks that come with owning a robotic lawn mower. Each mower can be set to a specific profile and the operator can customize the date and time of when you want it to mow. Robotic lawn mowers are designed to operate in all weather conditions with the exceptions of extreme wet and freezing conditions. Once fall and winter hit, your grass will stop growing depending on where you live, in this case it is best to store your mower in your garage. Simply give it a full charge before you put it away for the winter. The wire that is placed in the lawn allows the robotic lawn mower to maneuver around objects in the lawn without a problem. Robotic lawn mowers also have built-in sensors which keep them from getting stuck on any other unexpected items. A robotic lawn mower is designed to stop its cutting system and redirect if needed. A robotic lawn mower uses a buried wire to navigate the edges of your lawn to ensure a clean cut in any area you need mowed. These mowers are designed to overlap the wire to ensure that all of the grass is cut, however you will still need to trim in areas where the grass grows along a wall. This trimming is needed because the robotic mowing blades are recessed from the edge of the automated mower by about three inches. Every model is made for different size lawns, so it depends on which one you purchase. All robotic mowers are meant to cut your lawn several times per week in order to keep your grass healthier. Some automatic lawn mowers are also faster than others. Other factors include the season, the type of grass in your lawn, and if the grass is irrigated or treated. Check with your Autmow professional to help you determine which model would best suit your size lawn. Unlike most power equipment, a robotic lawn mower rarely requires any maintenance. While inspection and light cleaning is always a good thing to do so that your equipment runs efficiently for a long time, robotic lawn mowers do not require special equipment to keep their blades sharp. These lightweight mowers make it cheap and easy to simply replace the blades. A good routine also includes things like cleaning off the hood and the wheels of the robotic lawn mower. They do not require any other maintenance, oil, or cleaning, and they won’t take up much space in your garage when stored for the winter. Battery lifetime with average use is around five years and only cost about $150 to replace. All units come with a base station and low voltage cord which plugs into any standard outlet. No. They find their own way home when they get tired. Mowers typically run 60-90 minutes before returning to their base to charge. On average, most standard units take 45 minutes for a full charge. Running costs depend on the size of your lawn but are only $10-$50 per season. No. If you choose our professional installation, we bury the boundary and other guide wires for you. You can also do this yourself, but many DIY kits include above-ground wire and small stakes designed to grow into your lawn quickly. All units use a perimeter wire – similar to electric dog fences. Some units also have GPS to help map the yard. Better than a riding mower. Today’s autonomous mowers can slope up to 45% (or 24°). Units are designed to run in the rain and because of their unique design will also not “tear” wet grass like other mowers. No. Mowers are built for lawns up to 1.25 acres and multiple units can maintain larger yards. No problem. Perimeter wire, remote object sensors and GPS are used to handle even the most demanding lawns. Sophisticated theft prevention is built into every model. Each unit has some combination of built-in alarms, pin codes, base station exclusivity, auto disabling, and GPS tracking. Yes! All units have a combination of object, lift, tilt, and/or location sensors that stop the blades automatically when they encounter anything unexpected or outside normal operating parameters.

agronomy

http://www.scmua.org/Cit-e-Access/webpage.cfm?TID=121&TPID=11911

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The Vegetative Waste Composting Facility consists of a dedicated section of the Solid Waste Facility. Leaves, grass clippings and brush can be dropped off by residents, municipal collection crews and commercial haulers. The leaves and grass clippings are stock piled and then formed into extended piles referred to as windrows. A mechanical windrow turning machine then passes over the piles, where the machine remixes and aerates the leaves and grass. Composting of the leaves is accomplished in about 5 to 6 months. Trees and brush may also be brought to the vegetative waste facility where a tub grinder is used to chip small diameter trees and brush into a mulch type product available to area residents and businesses. Section of SCMUA 2013 Rate Schedule VII. Leaves, Brush and Lawn Clippings (ID 23) Charge for drop-off of leaves, brush and lawn clippings shall be $40.00 per ton. Minimum charge shall be $5.00 per load. Passenger type vehicles (i.e. automobiles, minivans, SUV's) shall not be charged for diminimus amounts of ID23. Any vehicles with two (2) or less barrels/bags (up to 110 gals/pounds) of leaves, brush or lawn clippings shall be determined as diminimus amounts and shall not be charged for disposal. Loading Charges for Mulch/Compost shall be as follows: • Mulch $ 5 per Cubic Yard • Mulch Colorized $20 per Cubic Yard • Compost $ 5 per Cubic Yard • Compost Screened $20 per Cubic Yard Appointment for loading advised for large quantities.

agronomy

http://www.solarcycleafrica.com/trimming-scuppernongs

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Scuppernong is arguably the most well-known assortment of muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia) climbed through U. S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 6 through 9. This fast-growing, hardy native American grape is a great selection for home gardeners who need lots of big grapes for making juice, jelly or wine. Even though they require less maintenance than bunching grapes, muscadines have to be pruned aggressively to keep them in perfect shape — also much old timber is detrimental to fruit production. Prune a newly planted muscadine grape to a major stem with no more than two or three buds emerging from it. Allow the plant to climb to the very top of its support the first year, removing all but the strongest length of vine once it goes dormant in the late fall or early winter. Remove any portion of the major vine that reaches over a few inches past the cover of the wire at dormancy, to induce the formation of unwanted shoots. Allow new buds to develop on surface of your vine at a 90-degree angle from the main back during the next season. Select the best two to four buds, depending upon your trellis style, and get rid of the remainder as soon as they are approximately 2 inches long. Remove any buds that develop below the top of your grape trellis or so are clustered close to other buds. Allow both to four sections you kept to develop along the surface of the trellis in various directions to their entire length during the next season. Thin the buds that form along the lateral parts of the vine in the preceding year to no longer than approximately six, spaced evenly along the length of every section, early in the spring of the next season. At the close of the season, remove these six sections of vine to support fruiting the following year — muscadines fruit only on new wood, so these old fruiting canes are a naturally drag on the plant’s sources. Continue removing fruiting canes at the end of each growing season for the life of the muscadine vine.

agronomy

https://winyl.co.uk/products/funkstille-riesling

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Abundant white peach, apricot compôte and white floral notes leap from the glass, with juicy ripe fruit on the palate and beautifully clean, precise acidity through to the finish. A versatile and immensely appealing Riesling, which pairs well with pasta, roast chicken, seabass or fresh asparagus. Sustainably certified by agroVet, the wineyard also produce their own fertiliser. They produce their own seeds to sew cover crops in the vineyards and use straw from the fields in the young vineyards to protect the vines from dry stress. The winery is energy neutral, producing energy from their Biogas plant and a Photovoltaic system which produces more energy than is required.

agronomy

http://www.countryflowerfarms.com/

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At Country Flower Farms, you can find everything you need to turn your dream garden into a reality! We are a proudly family owned and operated Garden Center dedicated to quality, selection and service. Come browse our huge selection of annuals, perennials, herbs, seasonal plants, and more at our greenhouse! We carry the best plants around, and our friendly knowledgeable staff are always here to help answer any questions you may have. Also, be sure to take a look at our blog for great plant care tips and gardening articles that will inform and inspire! We are open March 15th thru December 24th 7 days a week, 9 a.m. – 6 pm. We also provide gardening and plant information online 24 hours a day at www.countryflowerfarms.com, or you may feel free to contact us via phone or email. Happy gardening from all of us at Country Flower Farms!

agronomy

https://mobileinthedevelopingworld.wordpress.com/2013/04/23/the-mobile-phone-and-its-impact-on-agriculture/

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The mobile phone is in many ways more valuable in Africa than it is in developed countries, simply because of its power in transforming peoples’ everyday lives. Development in Africa has traditionally been hampered by a lack of infrastructure (basic roads, transport links etc), and ineffective communications. The humble mobile phone is a way of circumventing these barriers. It is proving hugely effective as a means of a mass-communication tool, and in no area is this more prevalent than in agriculture, traditionally one of the most important areas in African life. Mobile phones are giving farmers access to vital information about the quality and availability of crops before they travel long distances to buy them, saving people time and money. Mobile SMS alerts can also warn farmers of outbreaks of animal diseases, floods and other natural disasters – allowing farmers extra time to prepare for the event. M-Farm is another SMS based system service that gives farmers access to market prices. Kenya’s iCow has had a huge uptake, and allows farmers to register livestock through their mobile phone and receive information on livestock gestation periods and health advice. Agriculture is vital to the continent’s future, but when you consider that 80% of arable land is not being used, there is clearly a long way to go. Mobile phones are a way in which farmers can improve their productivity, and protect their land and livestock. In addition, technology contributes around 7% to the continent’s GDP, which is above the Global Index, so there are plenty of opportunities for the Technology and Agricultural industries to work together in improving farmers’ lives.

agronomy

https://www.hobsons-brewery.com/about-hobsons-brewery/our-ingredients/

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We are fortunate to have hops yards just seven miles down the road from the brewery. Living so close to our primary ingredients has helped us form strong relationships with the growers to source the finest hops varieties to brew our award winning beers for you to enjoy. Over 80% of the hops used are grown in the nearby Teme Valley. Geoff Thompson of Little Lambswick Farm, Eardiston, some seven miles from the brewery, delivers requirements direct from his kiln to ensure that the required bitterness and keeping quality of each brew is covered. Today, The Little Lambswick Partnership accounts for about a tenth of the production from the Tenbury Wells area. Traditionally in excess of 800 hectares were grown in this important hop producing area. Now however, what with more efficient hop use in the brewing process, better growing techniques all be it with the challenges of disease pressures, only around 120 hectares are grown in the Teme Valley and no more than 1000 hectares nationally. Most of the current hopyards are of high wire-work type while some recent plantings use the dwarf system. All in all a 85% area reduction over the past seventy years or so means a niche cropping enterprise. At Hobsons we use the British varieties of Challenger, Progress, Fuggles and Goldings. Hobsons has signed up to an initiatives called Hopshires which is championing the regions hops, its growers and beers. Hopshires was set up by the counties hop growers and brewers to promote the region's hop-growing prowess and the vital role it plays in the future of British brewing has received backing to continue for a second year. The 'Hopshires' project is a collaboration between the hop growers and brewers of Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Shropshire to celebrate our hops and the beers made with them. Visit the website for more information.

agronomy

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The transitional climate of North Carolina is best suited to grow: tall fescue, Bentgrass, kentucky bluegrass, zoysiagrass, bermudagrass, centipedegrass, and St. Augustinegrass sods. The information provided below is intended to help understand the agronomic choices available and how best to select the right choice for your lawn's needs. Whether you're interested in learning how to reduce irrigation, when and how to properly fertilize, or even what height to mow your lawn, it all starts with what type of grass you have. That's why the NCSU Turf CENTERE has created the online program TurfSelect to help homeowners do just that-find the right turfgrass for their needs. The key to selecting the right grass type for your needs begins with a few simple questions. What are the intended uses? - Is this a utility (road side/erosion control, etc.) - or - Is this grass a high or low profile home lawn - or - a high or low profile athletic field -or - is this a golf course? Answers to these questions will help define the types of grass suitable to your application. Providing information regarding shade level (shady or not shady), and your geographic location will trim the list of grass types down further. After these three easy questions, you will have a list of grasses left for your consideration. From this list, your decision can be based on your aesthetic, economic, or management preferences. See how easy TurfSelect can make answering these questions and explaining your grass choices can be: www.turffiles.ncsu.edu/turfselect/. TurfSelect also offers a year-round calendar look at grasses. This helpful feature allows users a visual guide to what your grass selection will look like throughout the year. Once you have decided upon a grass type, there is then the selection of cultivated varieties (or cultivars) to consider. Cultivars are cultivated plant varieties that are purposefully propagated for commercial plant production. Both asexual (cuttings or vegetative propagation) and sexual (seeded) reproductive propagation methods are cultivar propagation practices. Plant type cultivar names are regulated under the guidance of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants or (ICNCP). In essence, a cultivar (or cultivated variety) is in fact a trade designation or legal name created primarily for commercial purposes. The cultivar name is a legal designation and serves in part to protect the plant breeders rights-and ultimately the buyers expectations of performance and plant characteristics. Cultivar selection allow growers to rely on years of research and classification of growing expectations as is found in studies such as the NTEP (National Turfgrass Evaluation Program) study program. NOTE: The term "Varieties" comes from the botanical naming convention you may have learned in 10th grade biology class (Family -> Genus -> Species -> Variety). A "Cultivar" is a cultivated variety specifically grown for purposes such as commercial sale. If you buy a bag of seed, or a roll of sod it is likely going to contain a specific grass type (say Tall Fescue), and contain a cultivar (or blend of cultivars) specifically selected by the grower (or manufacturer). This grower will have selected the cultivar for reasons or plant characteristics such as, color, resilience, commercial popularity, reputation, cost, texture, leaf shape or size....and the list goes on. Examples of just a few Tall Fescue Cultivars include: "Rebel IV", "Silverstar", "Firebird", and "WolfPack". Notice the clever names? This legal naming convention doubles as a marketing tool. The North Carolina State University Turfgrass Program works in partnership with the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) to conduct unbiased reviews of North Carolina's regional turfgrass cultivars. This arduous process consists of multi-year studies reviewing cultivar performance under the same maintenance regime AND while in the same location. Located side by side, cultivar plots are mowed at the same height, watered at the same depth, and fertilized at the same rates and times. Often, not released on the market yet, these research turf cultivars are given numbers at this stage of development in expectation of a commercial release. The number system allows researchers a tracking mechanism specific to that plant cultivar, but the trade-mark naming process often is saved for PROVEN performers. Researchers record growth performance characteristics and rate these 12' by 12' cultivar plots to better define variety performance expectations. These results are assembled and recommended cultivars are published annually: http://www.turffiles.ncsu.edu/NTEP/Default.aspx#AR000904 Once the average lawn enthusiast begins their quest for a healthy happy lawn it becomes quickly apparent that there is a lot of information, products, and services out there to choose from. Where you find the grass you've selected is often the FIRST critical step. The average North Carolina home owner spent over $838 for all lawn and landscape services in 2005*. In this economy, it is important for homeowners to know where to turn to help find the best information, reputable growers, and turf care professionals-and of course-where to find the grass type they are looking for! As part of North Carolina's $8 Billion dollar GREEN industry, turfgrass plays an important role to its over 150,000 employees and the local economy. Spray painted logos of the NC SPA (North Carolina Sod Producers) , TCNC (the Turfgrass Council of North Carolina), and of course NC State University's Block S, line the hillside located on the Northern slope of the State Fairground's Exposition building. This symbolic display of togetherness does in fact have its "roots" in reality. These organizations work together and individually to help promote North Carolina turfgrass education and outreach. They are a primary resource for turfgrass professionals and serve as an excellent starting point for homeowners looking to find information regarding grass sales, installation, certified lawn care professionals, sod, and more. The types of questions you have will help determine which organization you contact for more information. It is important to the Certified Turfgrass Professionals to maintain North Carolina's beauty and serve as stewards of the land. That is why they are required to maintain applicator's licensing and pass certification requirements above and beyond NC State laws. With a curriculum established and taught by North Carolina State University's Turfgrass Program professors and staff, short course attendees prepare for the Turfgrass Certification Exam. It is an extensive test administered by the Turfgrass Council of NC and just one of the requirements to become a certified turfgrass professional. When your lawn care professional offers you a quote, you SHOULD consider asking them, are they a NC Certified Turfgrass Professional? Do they have a pesticide applicators license? Do they belong to a professional organization? Working together with professional turfgrass organizations like the TCNC, NCSPA, NCSTMA, NCCIA, and NC extension services, you can maximize your available resources and achieve a beautiful, environmentally friendly lawn. *North Carolina's Green Industry 2005 Total Economic Impact Survey can be found: http://ncgreenindustrycouncil.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/green-industry-cover-2006-lowres.pdf

agronomy

http://www.luxcode.com/fall-care-for-your-yard/

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Fall is that time of the year when you must take good care of your lawn, to prepare it for long and cold dormant winter months. Fall is a great time for gardening owing to the cool and pleasant weather at the time. The pleasant weather, the piling leaves and the approaching winter months should be enough reason for you to get started with caring for your yard right now. Here are a few tips that you must remember when caring for your yard in autumn. Watering on schedule Summer or fall, your lawn needs to be watered on time and watered properly. Make sure your sprinklers are set to water the yard at regular intervals every day. Early morning and evening are good times to soak your yard with adequate water, especially during dry spells in the fall. Also, early morning is when the soil absorbs most of the water, as the air is cooler and the water does not evaporate. Mow your lawn If you have a lawn, make sure you mow it regularly, or you will end up with overgrown grass that looks really messy. Fall is when you should water the lawn and also mow the overgrown grass regularly. Through the season, follow this practice and towards the end of the season, drop the blade of your mower a little so that the last cuttings are its lowest. This way, the soil and the crown of the grass will get adequate sunlight and only a small portion of the leaf will turn brown. You don’t need expert advice to know that the leaves in the yard need to be raked. Leaves, if left on the ground, will get accumulated and become wet due to moisture, thereby forming a sticky layer that can suffocate the grass. Don’t wait for days before you rake the leaves. Get the yard clean every day and remove all fallen leaves on the same day or the next day. This will keep your lawn clean and your grass healthy. Aerate the soil Fall is also the time when you aerate the soil so that enough oxygen, water and fertilizer reach the roots of the grass. This is important if there is a lot of foot traffic on your lawn, as that can make the clay soils compact and prevent water and fertilizers from penetrating in. Patch up the bald spots Use a lawn-repair mixture to fill in the bald spots in fall. The mixture, which contains, grass seeds, fertilizer and organic mulch will make the grass grow faster. Apply a thick patch of this mixture on the bald spots, compact it and then water the area. Ensure that you continue to water the regions where the mixture is spread on a regular basis. Your lawn’s bald spots will soon be gone.

agronomy

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Living in Zone 5a impacts a gardener’s desire to extend the season. From the sprouting of the first bulbs in spring to the battle against the first frost in fall (with a yard full of quilts and sheets protecting annual flowers), keeping the floral show live as long as possible is the goal. In my flower garden, yellow perennial flowers form the backdrop for season long color. Their ability to complement bold colors like purple, or bring out the heat in oranges and reds, gives them a leading role. As a gardener with a large vegetable garden to tend, I like to keep my perennial gardens simple and low maintenance, and also bursting with color and texture. Over the years, I’ve purchased and planted a plethora of different perennials. Many of them were too high maintenance or didn’t survive the conditions in my garden. In this article, I’m sharing my favorite yellow perennial flowers to add an extra pop of sunshine to your flower beds in spring, summer and fall. Yellow Perennial Flowers for Long-Lasting Color The weight of winter’s impact on our cold, green deprived hearts can be measured in the excitement for spring bulbs. When you’re planning for a season full of color, don’t forget to add plenty of spring bulbs to your list. Brent and Becky’s Bulbs, a family owned company in Virginia, has a spectacular selection of bulbs. I’ve placed many orders through their website for fall planting over the years. (I don’t know them and they’re not sponsoring this post, I just think they’re a great company.) Plant spring bulbs in full sun to encourage plentiful blooms and strong plants. Here are some of my favorites: A crocus flower would easily be hidden in a garden full of bushy and lanky perennials, but by being one of the first on the scene, crocuses scream “Look at me!”. I have a patch of crocuses growing right next to my front door. The early spring sun reflects off the house foundation and jump starts their sprouting and flowering, giving me my first warm spring flower vibes of the year. Crocus flowers come in the white, yellow and purple. I usually buy a variety pack that features all three colors because I love how they complement each other when planted together. Spring Crocus Species Mixture The crocus gets the show started early in the season and the daffodil picks up right when the crocus exits the stage. I love the look of mangy spring lawns with daffodils sprouting in the lawn. They create a meadow effect with the daffodil foliage blending in with the tall grass. There are hundreds of daffodil varieties out in the world for your planting pleasure. The most important thing to know if that there are early, mid and late season blooming types. I always buy several of each to extend the bloom time. Brent and Becky’s Daffodil Favorites What would spring be without the tulip? Think of the countless tulip festivals around the world and the incredible displays that this flower accomplishes. Planting tulip bulbs can have a paint by numbers feel when they are planted in the fall. Seeing what happens the following spring can confirm your planting prowess or your need to order more bulbs. You can never have too many. One of the things I love about Brent and Becky’s Bulbs is that they have more unique varieties than my local nurseries and big box stores. Banja Luka has been a favorite yellow tulip with red striping. Tulipa tarda is a delicate, unique tulip Iris, technically a rhizome, brings color and texture to perennial late spring garden beds. The long bladed leaves provide great contrast to bushy foliage and the frilly flowers have a delicate beauty that is unique. When the yellow iris are blooming in my garden, they often time their blooms to accompany the purple allium, which makes for a dramatic punch. Iris can grow anywhere in height from 8-38” inches tall. I prefer taller varieties that fill areas quickly in spring, but can be cut back in summer to make room for later bloomers. Featuring yellow perennial bulbs like tulips, crocus, daffodils, and iris brings the grey-green winter landscape back to life in spring. Read more about colorful and unusual bulbs to plant in autumn. And how I add spring color to my vegetable garden with bulbs. Spring Perennial Flowers Perennial gardens take a little time to get up to speed. The early spring foliage is compact and tidy, giving the early garden a managed and organized look. Eventually, as spring turns to summer, chaos occurs. Having a plant that fills a space is wonderful, but having a plant that takes over a space can become a battle. This is a fine line to walk in the perennial garden. This list of yellow perennial flowers all do best in full sun gardens. Moonshine yellow yarrow, Achillea x ‘Moonshine’, is an excellent spring perennial that can fill an area with visually interesting silver foliage and produces umbral flowers that bees and insects love. I have planted Moonshine yarrow next to May Night Salvia, Salvia sylvestris, and appreciated the contrasting foliage and complementary purple color. Moonshine Yarrow tends to stay in a tidy clump form and doesn’t spread aggressively by seed or root. Photo courtesy of White Oak Gardens Yellow Wild Indigo Yellow Wild Indigo, Baptisia tinctoria, is another clumping shaped yellow perennial flower that can fill a space with both attractive foliage and flowers. A native plant to the midwest, it prefers well drained soil and space to grow. When given a chance to establish it will grow more bush-like with deep prairie roots. Plan ahead when placing this plant, it does not transplant well and can outgrow a smaller space given time. When the perennial garden is starting to gain momentum in early summer, the vegetable garden is still far from its glory in late August. Having striking yellow foliage in the flower beds can contrast well with the annual vegetables. Perennial flowers draw scores of beneficial insects and pollinators into the front yard, which benefits the vegetable garden. Moonbeam coreopsis, Coreopsis verticillata, is a compact yellow flower with lacy foliage that helps the plant perform double duty, providing both color and texture, in your garden. It’s low in stature, so planting it near the front edge of your beds will keep it from getting buried by taller, bushier plants. My perennial flower bed near the road is often buried in the winter with snowbanks. The slow thawing snow bank proved to be too wet and heavy for this plant. It prefers the well-drained, drier soils in the beds near the house. I’ve tried many annual and perennial rudbeckias throughout the years because they’re one of my favorite flowers. Many of them don’t come back for a second year, even if they’re labeled as perennial, and a few of them are bullies and take over. Little Henry, Rudbeckia subtomentosa, is neither of those things! It’s well behaved and cheerily blooms for many weeks, delighting me every time I pass them by. Photo courtesy of American Meadows Stella D’Oro Daylily, Hemerocallis ‘Stella de Oro’, is one of those plants that wins the solid performer award. It’s more refined than the ditch lilies seen alongside rural roads, more gold and less orange, with long bloom times and compact shape that is about 2’ height and 2’ width. Similar to the previous plants on the list, Stella D’ Oro has ornamental foliage that keeps a compact form and really shines when planted in a large clump or group. Photo courtesy of Prairie Nursery Purple Coneflower can be found everywhere in the prairies and home gardens of the Midwest, including mine. For a different take on this popular flower, try planting Yellow Coneflower, Ratibida Pinnata. It’s a native perennial also found in the open prairies and oak savannas of the Midwest. Pollinators are attracted to the frilly flower heads and the green seed heads mature to brown and provide late season food to songbirds. A tall slender plant, yellow coneflower fits perfectly in less formal prairie-like gardens. Its randomly popping flower heads stand out amongst layers of foliage and flowers. Read more about my other favorite summer blooming perennials. Rudbeckia Brown Eyed Susan, Rudbeckia triloba, is a biennial prairie plant that fills the late summer and fall garden with vibrant yellow flowers capped with beautifully contrasting black seed heads. Brown Eyed Susan came with my house when we purchased it in 2014. It would randomly self seed around the yard and next to the garage. After noting year after year how the blooms on this plant seemed to last for almost a month, I decided to transplant some first year plants into my perennial flower bed. The unassuming foliage will be lost amongst its neighbors in the late summer garden, but the purplish flower stems and contrasting yellow flowers and black seed head make this a beauty in an informal garden setting. Fireworks Goldenrod, Solidago rugosa, is a late summer, early fall flower that is aptly named. The flowers cascade from the plant like trails of sparks from a fourth of July pyrotechnic display. The foliage emerges in spring with a dark green color and the plant’s form is a tight clump that will eventually spread to about 3’ to 4’. Stout stems keep this plant upright and help prevent it from flopping over if grown without adjacent plant support in the form of cages, or similar tall prairie plants. This foliage can get a little aggressive if allowed to grow into adjacent plants. The rhizomes of fireworks wrapped their way into the iris that I had growing next to it, so keeping this plant in place can require thinning. It’s difficult to imagine a garden without yellow perennial flowers. Yellow is a symbol of sunshine, energy, joy and happiness, which are also words I would use to describe the act of gardening. This season, embrace the color yellow by sprinkling it throughout your garden in spring, summer and fall to energize and enliven your home landscape. Additional Resources for How to Design a Flower Garden If you’re like me you might always have a big pile of gardening books next to your favorite reading chair. There are so many good ones out there that sometimes it’s difficult to choose. The titles below are my four favorite flower garden design books. Click on the cover for more information. Check out my other recommended garden tools, books, seeds, supplies and more in my Amazon storefront. More flower garden articles: - Perennial Flower Garden Design – The #1 Mistake - Fabulous Flowers For Raised Beds - Two Quick No-Dig Ways to Make a Flower Bed - 5 Stunning Vegetable and Flower Garden Ideas The post Yellow Perennial Flowers: Bring Sunshine to Your Yard appeared first on Creative Vegetable Gardener.

agronomy

https://www.brahmanhills.co.za/gardens

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Our labour of love over lockdown has born fruit…and some veg, and herbs and loads of fragrant blossoms. That’s right! It is our pleasure to present the Brahman Hills’ pleasure gardens to you. We are hoping you find them as beautiful and utterly rewarding as we do. We are proud to announce that our gardens have officially earned recognition as a Royal Horticultural Society Partner Garden. Additionally, we are honored to hold the title of Overseas Regional Winner in the 2023 RHS Partner Garden of the Year competition. We are one of only two partner gardens in South Africa! The garden is a sensory delight: the lush green foliage offsets the bursts of blue, purple and delicate pinks. With the gentle splash of water and the peaceful setting, it's an idyllic spot to be. The landscaping is given dimension and interest thanks to the tiered terraces and multi-level flower beds. These levels also provide unique outlooks for those taking in the sights or, from the other perspective, enchanting backdrops for photoshoots. Not only is the garden a pleasure to amble around, but it also serves an essential function. Aside from the ornamental planting scheme, the design also includes an extensive kitchen garden which is used to supplement the Brahman Hills kitchen. This is so important for various reasons. Firstly, we can reduce our carbon footprint; secondly, we can provide the freshest seasonal produce as it's grown basically right outside the kitchen door and lastly, we can be 100% sure of the quality and ethical sourcing of our products because we grow, harvest and prepare them ourselves.

agronomy

http://www.davestractorworldllc.com/daves-corner/myths-about-lawn-care-debunked-part-ii

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Myth No. 4: Focus on the green. Truth: While grass is what we see and tend to, the soil is the most essential component for a healthy growth year-round. Soil supplies the roots with necessary nutrients, which in turn yield a beautiful lawn. Consider taking a soil sample to your local university extension program or landscape supplier for soil analysis. This will help determine the best type of fertilizer to use throughout the year. Myth No. 5: Keep a consistent mowing pattern. Truth: It’s easy to fall into a mowing routine, but frequently cutting grass in the same direction can mat down the turf and inhibit growth. By varying the mowing pattern, you will reduce strain on the turf and encourage a healthier, more beautiful lawn. Myth No. 6: You’re off duty in the winter. Truth: Many people think grass “dies” off in the winter so you can take a break from lawn care; however, this is the best time to care for your equipment. Complete mower maintenance such as adding fuel stabilizer, blade sharpening and replacing missing or damaged parts and your mower will be prepped and ready come springtime. Aside from practicing the proper mowing techniques, having the right equipment is one of the most important factors in maintaining a green and vibrant lawn. The proper type and size for your lawn and lifestyle will help you mow more efficiently so you can spend more time enjoying and less time maintaining your lawn. (From johndeere.com via Ariens/Gravely) Please see us at any of our Dave's Tractor World locations for information about the right kind of lawn care equipment for you. Also, visit us at www.DavesTractorWorldLLC.com to get your unit in the queue for repair!

agronomy

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Many, many years ago my Scout Troop would go out to a farm owned by one of the kids in the troop's Father. Farm was out around Columbus, Texas, which is one of the prime pecan trees areas in Texas. We helped lay out a new pecan tree grove on the property. Planted sixteen trees, in four rows, with 80 feet between trunks. Dug a 4 inch hole next to each tree, at 3 ft out and 4 ft deep and inserted a 3 inch schedule 40 perforated pipe vertically and filled with gravel for a drip irritation system. Ran plastic tubing to each pipe with a drip valve. Watering system to the trees was gravity fed. There was a large water tank about 12 feet across an 10 feet high that had a cone shaped roof that was upside down and looked like a big funnel to catch rain water. Tank opening was covered by hardware cloth and window screen to catch the big stuff and keep the tank from becoming a mosquito hatchery. Water tank could be filled three different ways, by rain fall, float system connected to a well pump, or a gas powered pump that pulled water from the creek. I'd plant a pecan grove and watch the money grow on the trees. Declare it a tree farm and take the tax credits (I think it is still possible).

agronomy

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CannonHale is a vertically-integrated producer of hemp and hemp-derived CBD products with a focus on delivering social, economic, and environmental impact through seed-to-scale agricultural production. We built CannonHale to provide a safe, scalable, sustainable supply of premium hemp-derived CBD. Compliance, safety and quality have been the bedrock of our company since the outset. Premium Hemp-Derived CBD The number one brand in CBD, is CBD – and GenCanna produces the best CBD in the world. Our genetics, farming, science, and compliance are the foundation to build your brand and business upon. We offer a variety of products and custom formulations to meet your business needs, including bulk isolate and oils, and turnkey Private Label and Quick Start programs. We are steadfast in our commitment to building a sustainable industry by putting farmers first. This drives our mission: help farmers farm, create real jobs, and make an economic impact in rural agricultural communities.

agronomy

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Herb container gardens are one of my favorite ways to bring herbs easily into the kitchen when cooking. Whether you grow an herb garden on the patio or a couple pots on the windowsill, growing herbs is one of those essentials that every home cook should have. Containers can come in all shapes and sizes and are made from different materials like terra cotta, coconut husks, or even heavy duty plastic containers that come cool colors. You can grow most herbs in a container, as long as the container is the correct size and has drainage holes. Having the right size pots for your herb container garden is key. If an herb plant has only a small pot to grow into, then it will not grow very large on top. The more room the roots have to grow, the more edible leaves and flowers the herb plant can produce. So for herb gardening, bigger is certainly better. If you want 3-4 herb plants in one container garden, start out with a pot that it is at least 12” wide and 4-6” in depth. If you want each plant to grow in its own pot then you can group the pots together to give the allusion of a larger garden. Putting pots up on stands and organizing them either by style of container or type of plant is a great way to group your herb garden together. Drainage holes are essential to a good herb container garden and if the pot does not have any pre-drilled holes, you will need to drill at least 3 ¼” holes in the bottom. Layer an inch of pebbles in the bottom of the container and then fill ¾ full with potting soil that has bone meal and blood meal already mixed in. Bone meal is an organic fertilizer that helps the roots grow and develop a healthy root system and blood meal is a nutrient for the leaves and flowers of the herb plant. A key thing to remember about using organic fertilizers is that the plant will only uptake the nutrients it needs and you can’t burn the plant with too much fertilizer as you can when using synthetic fertilizers. The most popular herbs to grow in a container herb garden are basil, thyme, oregano, marjoram, cilantro, parsley, rosemary, and lavender. When growing multiple plants in one container, put the tallest plant like basil or cilantro in the center and have the plants that like to vine out like thyme and rosemary on the outside edges of the pot. Once the plants have been transplanted into the container and new potting soil is gently put around the roots, water the herbs in deeply until the water runs out the bottom drainage holes. Water the container garden daily the first week and if the temperature is above 90 degrees, water twice a day. Once the soil settles down into the pot, add more of the mixed potting soil with the organic fertilizers to it – usually every 2 weeks. Once the plants are 6” tall, snip off a few leaves to go in your recipe. Having an herb container garden makes many cooks happy campers. You might want to also try these gardening tips:

agronomy

http://www.rodneysmithmedia.com/?cat=9

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Florida’s waterways are in peril. Increasing death rates of bottle-nose dolphins and diminishing populations of marine life are observable evidence that we are polluting our waters. If we don’t take action, the waters will “die” and become algae soups, producing no marine animals and exuding toxic fumes, such as Red Tide, harmful to people. This already has happened in some of our lakes and streams and Tampa Bay came close. A major source of this pollution is the nutrients found in fertilizer- phosphorus and nitrogen. We Floridians are known to over fertilize and use too much of these nutrients. The excess runs off and ends up in our surface waters. Both phosphorus and nitrogen produce algae, one pound of fertilizer can produce 500 pounds of the stuff. The algae cloud the water and restrict sunlight from reaching the sea grasses. Sea grass is the foundation of most marine life, the nursery and habitat for nearly every living creature. As the sea grass dies off from lack of sunlight, the wild life follows. Algae also consume dissolved oxygen, robbing the marine animals of this essential element. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) found, in 2008, that 1000 miles of rivers, 350,000 acres of lakes and 900 square miles of estuaries are nutrient polluted. Our waters are receiving at least 50% more nutrients than they can safely absorb. The good news is that, by managing our use of fertilizer, we can reduce the nutrient pollution by as much as 30% and have healthier lawns in the bargain. Fact is, most Florida soil is naturally rich in phosphorus and adding more is harmful to lawn health as well as running off to pollute the water. Fertilizer containing water soluble nitrogen tends to run off at the first rainfall or irrigation and is wasted. Slow release nitrogen, however, will feed the grass at a rate that it can absorb while minimizing run off. Fertilize properly using the right fertilizer, zero phosphorus and slow release nitrogen, and doing it at the right time is about all it takes. You might think this no cost measure to help save Florida’s multi-billion dollar marine industry is a no brainer. Think again. The Florida DEP published an ordinance to manage the use of fertilizer state wide. Good idea, but lobbying and pressure from fertilizer interests so weakened the ordinance that it is ineffective in reducing nutrient pollution. Over 40 local Florida governments have enacted ordinances that are stronger than the state version. The reported results of these ordinances have been positive in every aspect and the stronger ordinance is being considered by many other locals. But hold on, bills are now working in both the Florida House and Senate to change the state fertilizer laws so that local governments cannot enact tougher fertilizer requirements and will even void some local ordinances already in effect. If passed, to accommodate special interests, these bad bills will allow nutrient pollution to continue to degrade our waters and could result in costs of billions of dollars to clean up our waters in addition to the loss of billions by our marine economy. Tell your state representatives to oppose these bills and tell your local government leaders to enact the stronger fertilizer ordinance. Please do it now. David Botto, former chairman of Florida’s Marine Resources Council

agronomy

http://maritimeinfo247.com/2018/08/30/us-ambassador-to-nigeria-admonishes-african-entrepreneurs/

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Stuart Symington, US ambassador to Nigeria, has advised young entrepreneurs in Africa to patronise each other. He made the call in Ibadan, Oyo state capital, on Tuesday, during a programme organised by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). The youth, from Nigeria, Cote d’Ivoire and Congo, graduated from diverse fields of agricultural discipline. “You should buy products from each other,” Symington said. “You are your own buyers and you should be your own internal buyers. Put together lessons learnt in the process. Each should learn from the mistakes and experiences of the other.” Symington recommended the Ghanaian model of micro-finance where a village was transformed after villagers financed one another. The ambassador said entrepreneurs may fail, but they have to pick up themselves. He said: “You should also learn from the Silicon Valley maxim. In Silicon, they have an expression: ‘If you haven’t failed once, you are not in business.’ “You are like Silicon Valley. You will fall; pick yourselves up. Is there anyone who rides a bicycle for the first time without falling down?” He added that the challenge of food production is important for Africa, saying every nation must encourage its youth to go into agriculture. The EYA group, through Evelyn Ohanwusi, the interim head, had made a presentation to the ambassador on how it operates on a philosophy of “to grow crops, you must grow farmers” and how its goal is to reduce economic marginalisation of African youth through modernised agricultural technology.

agronomy

http://leggingsarepants.org/food/recipes/organic-food-recipes/chef-demo-spring-broccoli-salad-with-a-spicy-vinaigrette/

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Chef David Gross of Cook Hall demonstrates Spring Broccoli Salad with a Spicy Vinaigrette at the Peachtree Road Farmers Market. Broccoli. Fairyfire Classic Pepper Jelly, Spring Garlic, Spring onion, Ginger, Olive oil, Rice wine vinegar, and Honey join to make this tasty spring salad. Fresh market ingredients from: McMullan Family Farm, Fairywood Thicket Farm, Indian Ridge Farm, Country Gardens Farm, Hidden Springs Farm The Peachtree Road Farmers Market is the largest producer-only farmers market in the state. Producer-only means that everything at the Market has been grown, raised, or made by the seller, ensuring fair prices for both the vendors and the consumers. The Peachtree Road Farmers Market takes place on Saturday mornings beginning April 5th, rain or shine, until December 13th. Peachtree Road Farmers Market is a Wholesome Wave market and we accept and double SNAP (EBT/food stamp). There are over 35 chef demonstrations scheduled for this season and 50 weekly vendors. Each week brings new produce, vendors, events and fun! Peachtree Road Farmers Market is at Cathedral of St. Philip – 2744 Peachtree Road, NW – Atlanta, Georgia 30305

agronomy

http://www.hudsonvalleyfresh.com/farmers/domino-farm/

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Get fresh by sampling free Hudson Valley Fresh dairy products and taste the difference. Click below to see a list of our upcoming tasting eventsFind a Tasting ACCORD, NEW YORK Domino Farm has been a family dairy farm since 1955. Started by Gerald and Eleanor DeWitt with Holsteins, the farm began a slow but dramatic transformation when Eleanor bought a Jersey calf for their daughter Margaret as a 4-H project, reasoning that a small Jersey calf would be easier for a 9-year-old to handle. As is the case with so many 4-H projects, a small idea grew into a large one, and the farm now consists of 100% registered purebred Jerseys, all homebred for more than 30 years. Margaret assumed the management of the farm when she graduated from Cornell. Her passion for Jerseys is based on her love of a breed that, as she says, has “personality, protein and productivity.” Domino Farm’s Jerseys are bred for productivity and type. As Margaret says, “Life’s too short to milk ugly cows.” For the past several years, the American Jersey Cattle Association has ranked Domino Farm in the top 10 herds, either of their size or of any size, in the nation for the amount of milk, fat, and protein. Margaret’s niece, Katherine, shares her passion for the Jersey breed. Past Ulster County Dairy Princess and Ambassador, Katherine helps out at the farm and is currently a freshman at Cornell University, majoring in Animal Science. Katherine enjoys speaking with the public about agriculture and about the Jersey breed in particular, and has especially loved showing the farm’s Jerseys at fairs, including Ulster and Dutchess County Fairs and New York State Fair. Three of her cows have won National Junior Production Awards from the AJCA. “So many people at fairs ask where they can get our milk,” Katherine says. “It will be so nice now to have a locally available product we can tell people about.” In spring, summer, and fall, cows are out on pasture when they are not being milked, weather permitting. Margaret’s brother, Meade, supplies the forages for the farm’s cows, growing hay and corn for silage on the farm’s 150 acres and nearby rented land. Katherine’s mother, Janet, manages the calves at the farm. “Farming is a difficult way of life, ” Margaret says. “But milking cows that are productive and beautiful to look at makes it easier. Being part of a cooperative that makes a great product will also make it easier as well.”

agronomy

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The Turfco KisCutter Sod Cutter makes cutting sod faster and easier than ever. This gas-powered unit with a 5.5 HP Honda GX160 engine is the most maneuverable, easy-to-use sod cutter available. With it’s revolutionary 140-lb. lightweight design, it can cut up to 9000 sq. ft. per hour. That’s as fast and productive as a much heavier 300-lb. unit. The innovative 4-wheel design is ideal for a variety of sod cutting jobs, from sculpting lawns and flower beds, to trimming ball fields. Weight/Wet: 12 in Model: 161 lb. Width: 25 in. Length: 53 in. Height: 40 in. Cutting Thickness: Adjustable up to 2.5 in. Speed: Up to 135 ft/min

agronomy

https://www.greensmartlinks.com/index.php/ebooks-audiobooks-categories/gardening-ebooks/348-the-vegetable-garden-a-manual-for-the-amateur-vegetable-gardener-by-ida-dandridge-bennett-ebook

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This book is a good reference on vegetable gardening. It covers the economic value of a vegetable garden, planning and locating the garden, maintaining soil fertility, hotbeds, garden tools, sowing seeds, transplanting seedlings, growing and storing vegetables, managing garden pests, and fall garden work. Genre(s): Non-fiction, Nature, Self-Help Choose among free epub books, free kindle books, download them or read them online. LibriVox recordings are Public Domain in the USA. If you are not in the USA, please verify the copyright status of these works in your own country before downloading. - Play recording online - Internet Archive Page - Online text - M4B format available The content is free of known copyright restrictions under U.S. copyright law.

agronomy

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Nettle chips are tasty, crispy and best of all.. Almost free! These healthy chips are also really easy to make and you can harvest the whole plant and use for many different purposes if you like, but you need only nettle leaves for the chips. Nettle is rich in Vitamin A, C, D, K, calcium, iron and a protein. Best time to harvest nettles is in late spring, before they begin to flower. Be sure to harvest nettles from clean areas only, avoid places near highways, industrial areas and places where people spray weed killers. Weed killers are often used in the streets and parks of many towns and cities, also some people spray it around their yards. Nettle grows wild almost all over the world and it can be harvested for free. Nettle stings because it has tiny spines that has formic acid and other chemicals mixed with it, which causes the burning and stinging sensation when skin contacts with the plant. The sensation stays for a while so I recommend to use gloves when harvesting nettles, also plastic bag and a pair of scissors will be necessary tools for harvesting nettles. Remember also to protect your legs and arms! When nettle is dried, cooked or crushed it will lose the stinging and you can eat it without the burning sensation. That’s why we will dry it with dehydrator or in oven, if you don’t own dehydrator. After you have collected nettles rinse them really well with cold water to remove possible dirt from them and dry them gently with towel or salad spinner. - One liter of nettle leaves - 2 tbsp olive oil - pinch of salt - pinch of pepper - Mix salt and pepper with olive oil and massage gently to nettles (remember to protect your hands from stinging!). - Put the nettles for approximately 8 hours at 42 degrees Celsius into the dehydrator, you can also use your oven to dry your nettle chips. I really love to snack nettle chips instead of regular ones, these taste amazing! Also you don’t have to worry about eating these too much, because these chips are so healthy and natural. Have you ever tried nettle chips? Have you ever used nettle for cooking?

agronomy

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The Hispanic Farmers' Conference develops workshops based on the most influential issues affecting farmers today. In addition, the workshops are conducted by experts in all major agricultural industries. |Track||Session 1||Session 2||Session 3||Session 4| |Urban Farming||The Million Dollar Question: Small scale agriculture funding programs and options for the direct market producer. |Organic Matter. Where to find it!? Resources available to Urban Producers to help build soil health. Tapping into resource recovery options, composting and soil amendment alternatives.||Diversifying Sales Outlets. CSA, Farm to Work, Farmstand. Understanding and identifying market diversification opportunities available; how to enter and succeed in these settings. (Veggie Compass?)||Value Added Opportunities: Turning excess product into profit. A discussion of market alternatives and best practices. |Ranching||Grass Finished Beef from A to Z: An overview into the grass fed industry including market outlook, operational challenges, grazing decisions and animal selection. |Improving Pasture Performance: Grazing management strategies and practices intended to build soil health, improve water holding capacity and increase carrying capacity.||Genetics and Herd Health: Building your herd. Understanding the importance of sire selection and strategic heifer retention in cow-calf operations. Discussion of common livestock diseases with prevention and treatment applications. |Marketing. What the Butcher Looks for: Understanding and selecting carcass characteristics to improve consistency and quality in finished beef. |Farming||Show Me The Money! Real world experiences in the Ag funding world along with representatives from SSARE, NRCS and FSA. |Minimizing Input Costs. Using Cover Crops to boost soil Health. Cover crop uses and varieties for hot and humid areas. Discussion of uses, benefits, best practices and available resources. |Successful Planning for New Food Safety Laws: Preparing for FISMA food safety law implementation. What you need to know and do, for fresh fruit and vegetable producers. |Variety Selection and Pest Management: Crop variety selection research developments along with a look into Sugar Cane Aphid issues and pest management strategies.

agronomy

http://zemniekusaeima.lv/en/about-us/about-union/

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Farmers Parliament is the voice of Latvian farming. Farmers Parliament (ZSA) is a member organisation / industry association for farmers in Latvia. The Union was begun by 134 farmers in 1999 to ensure that the comercial farmers of Latvia are represented in communication with the government. The organisation has grown ever since and has become the largest farmers’ organisation in Latvia and one of the most influential unions in the country, reaching nearly 900 members, who together produce more than half of Latvian total agriculture produce. Farmers Parliament negotiates with the government and national organisations and institutions on behalf of Latvian farmers, as well as represents Latvian farmers’ interests at European Union level being a member in European Farmers umbrella organisation COPA/COGECA.

agronomy

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Destined not to be friends with growing things, I had an answer ready for whoever asked. "Well, it's because I'm more of a people person," I'd say. "I don't care for plants." When we bought our house three years ago, we inherited a dying garden bed of basil and tomato. I considered turning it into a sandbox for my children. Though I ignored it, the basil (that grows quite well in South Texas) continued to thrive. Eventually, my family and I ate of the biannual herbs and enjoyed them. When the basil came to the end of its cycle, we missed it. It was during this time that my dear friend, Angela (a.k.a. The Master Gardener; read the poem I posted about her) asked if she could use our garden as "therapy." "Sure," I thought, "why not?" Gardening was necessary for her. We would chat while she worked on our garden, and I would closely observe her. She cleaned out our garden bed and turned the soil over with her own compost, and proceeded to plant some new basil. She told me to keep an eye on it, and to water it about every other day. I learned how to properly trim it so that it would continue to grow after being harvested. |The correct way to trim basil: look for the area where two leaves split, and trim right above it to ensure proper regeneration.| |This was our garden in January (you can see basil, chives, lettuce, green beans and tomato).| Our garden area looks different during different seasons, as does life (more on gardening, life and spiritual parallels in a future post). Angela recently moved to Florida. My family and I have continued the tradition of making our own compost and planting herbs and vegetables. We planted many of the same items this year, and have added corn. Most recently, I was overjoyed to discover that I was accepted to be a vendor at the Brownsville Farmers' Market! I will be selling some of our basil, chives and oregano, as well as value-added items like basil dressing, pesto and compound butters (keep your eyes peeled for when that will be!). I do not know where this journey of growing food will take me, but I am enjoying the ride! I am convinced that people can learn how to do most anything, so long as they have a teacher that believes in them and inspires them. Who knows? Perhaps one day I will be a Master Gardener myself. |One of my favorite things about gardening? It's a family affair. This is a picture of my daughter helping in the spring, shortly after she turned one-year old.|

agronomy

https://q961.com/should-msad-1-keep-the-harvest-break-recess-or-should-they-eliminate-it-altogether-poll/

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Should MSAD #1 Keep The Harvest Break Recess Or Should They Eliminate It Altogether? [POLL] A workshop is scheduled to be held in Presque Isle and hosted by the SAD #1 School Board. The workshop will entail hearing from the public as to whether or not they should keep the harvest break recess. The County reported that the workshop is to be held on Monday, January 8 at 5:30 p.m. in the Board Conference Room at Presque Isle High School. The format is scheduled to hear from 5 people who are for keeping the traditional harvest recess break and to hear from 5 people who are for doing away with it altogether. Each speaker will have 5 minutes to speak to the board. Historically, generations of youngsters in the County found themselves working the potato fields in order to help local farmers bring in the harvest. Many local farmers are finding that fewer and fewer youngsters are signing up to help them and on top of that, there aren't as many potato farmers as there were many moons ago. Some families take a vacation during the potato harvest, but years ago that was not the case. When it was harvest time; it was harvest time. However, this is not the first time that County schools have re-evaluated whether or not they should take harvest recess. In 2012, the Greater Houlton and Hodgdon School Districts did away with their harvest recess, but still allow students time off if they make up missed school work. We'd like to know what you think. Please take our quick poll below and let us know if you think SAD #1 should continue to keep the harvest recess, or if you think it's time to eliminate it altogether.

agronomy

https://vancouverplan.ca/food-systems/

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11. Food Systems Our Vision: Vancouver’s resilient food system supports people, the environment and the economy. Residents have equitable access to food and food-related spaces and infrastructure. Access to food is a basic human right and defining element of day-to-day life. Food systems, which include the infrastructure and processes needed for food production, processing, distribution, sales and waste management, are a key element of city building. Food plays a powerful role in connecting people to each other, their cultures, and the land and water. Food can be leveraged to build resilience, improve equity, support human and economic health outcomes, and reduce environmental impacts. Directions and Policies Direction 11.1: Equitable and Resilient Food System Support the development of an equitable and resilient food system. Utilize a holistic approach to sustain and grow food supply chains and community-based food initiatives in an equitable and resilient way. This involves working with partners, creating spaces to celebrate, grow and share food, increasing access to food and supporting a circular food economy. |11.1.1||Improve food access across the city by supporting food-related retail and services (e.g., grocery stores, food banks, farmers markets, restaurants) and by expanding commercial-retail opportunities in more neighbourhoods. Include consideration for culturally appropriate options where possible.| |11.1.2||Secure additional space, reduce barriers, and create incentives for food and medicine gardens, urban farms and harvesting to advance Reconciliation, increase opportunities for local food production, and build connection to land and waters.| |11.1.3||Support and strengthen Vancouver’s food supply chains (such as food wholesale, retail, and manufacturing uses, food hubs, farmers markets, and urban farms) and address displacement of these critical food assets.| |11.1.4||Leverage new development and/or community infrastructure to ensure integration of community food assets such as sites for cultural celebration, neighbourhood food storage, growing, harvesting, programming, and sheltered picnicking facilities.| |11.1.5||Address climate change, biodiversity, water systems, and waste management through food system interventions (e.g., allocate corridors to urban farming, to enhance biodiversity).| Food assets are places where people can grow, prepare, share, buy, receive or learn about food. There are two broad categories: - The food supply chain (e.g., urban farms, food wholesale, retail, and manufacturing infrastructure) - Community resources (e.g., urban agriculture and harvesting spaces, community kitchens, and locations for food sharing and celebration)

agronomy

https://marketingfoodonline.com/blogs/news/the-business-of-selling-fresh-strawberries-a-7-000-summer-venture

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The Business of Selling Fresh Strawberries: A $7,000 Summer Venture The Business of Selling Fresh Strawberries: A $7,000 Summer Venture Few things embody the essence of summer like a luscious, sun-ripened strawberry. These vibrant red berries aren't just a seasonal delight; they can also be the heart of a profitable summer venture. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the ins and outs of the fresh strawberry business and how you can turn it into a \$7,000 summer venture. Get ready to dive into the world of strawberry farming, from strawberry farming income to strawberry sales strategies, as we uncover the secrets to success in this sweet and rewarding industry. The Strawberry Business Model Starting a Strawberry Business Embarking on a journey to build a fresh strawberry business begins with the decision to start your own strawberry farm. Selecting the right location, understanding soil conditions, and choosing the most suitable strawberry varieties are all essential steps in setting up your venture. Starting small and gradually expanding your operation can be a prudent approach. This allows you to manage your resources efficiently and minimize risks during your initial foray into the world of strawberries. Profitable Strawberry Cultivation The heart of any strawberry farming income lies in cultivating the berries. Successful strawberry cultivation demands attention to detail. You'll need to learn the nuances of planting, caring for, and harvesting strawberries. Consider both traditional soil-based methods and more contemporary hydroponic or container gardening approaches, depending on your resources and market demand. Each method comes with its own set of advantages and challenges. Growing Fresh Strawberries Strawberries require meticulous care, but the rewards are worth the effort. Ensure your strawberry plants receive adequate sunlight, are protected from pests, and receive proper irrigation. Attention to soil pH and nutrient levels is crucial for robust growth and maximum yield. Remember that the growing season for strawberries is relatively short, typically spanning from late spring to early summer. Therefore, effective time and resource management are essential to make the most of this seasonal opportunity. Strategies for Strawberry Sales Seasonal Strawberry Venture A seasonal strawberry venture requires you to capitalize on the relatively short strawberry season. Your timing must be impeccable to ensure that your strawberries hit the market when demand is at its peak. Consider participating in local farmers' markets and setting up roadside stands to attract customers looking for the freshest strawberries. You can also explore partnerships with local restaurants and grocery stores. Maximizing Strawberry Profits To achieve your goal of a \$7,000 summer venture, you'll need to implement effective strawberry sales strategies. Here are some tips to maximize your strawberry profits: Quality Assurance: Deliver strawberries at the peak of ripeness to ensure exceptional flavor and freshness. Pricing Strategy: Price your strawberries competitively while emphasizing their superior quality. Customer Engagement: Build relationships with your customers. Encourage them to return by offering loyalty rewards or discounts for repeat purchases. Diversification: Consider value-added products such as strawberry jams, jellies, or baked goods to increase revenue. Marketing: Leverage social media, local advertising, and word-of-mouth marketing to promote your strawberries and attract more customers. Strawberry Market Analysis Before diving into the market, conduct a thorough strawberry market analysis. Understand your competition, identify your target audience, and assess market trends. This research will help you tailor your strawberry business to meet consumer demands and preferences. The Financial Benefits of Strawberry Farming Sustainable Strawberry Business A sustainable strawberry business is not only economically viable but also environmentally responsible. Implementing sustainable practices, such as organic farming, can attract eco-conscious consumers willing to pay a premium for eco-friendly produce. By minimizing chemical use, conserving water, and reducing waste, you can not only contribute to a healthier environment but also lower operational costs and boost your bottom line. Strawberry Crop Management Effective strawberry crop management is vital to achieving consistent yields. This involves tasks such as pruning, weeding, and monitoring for pests and diseases. By staying ahead of potential issues, you can ensure the health and productivity of your strawberry plants. Calculating Strawberry Farming ROI Your strawberry farming ROI is a crucial metric in determining the financial success of your venture. To calculate ROI, consider both your income and expenses. Strawberry Sales: Your primary income source is the direct sale of strawberries to consumers, markets, restaurants, or stores. Value-Added Products: Revenue from products like jams or baked goods made from your strawberries can supplement your income. U-Pick Operations: Allowing customers to pick their own strawberries can generate additional income. Planting and Maintenance Costs: Include expenses related to acquiring strawberry plants, equipment, and ongoing maintenance. Labor: Factor in labor costs, including hiring help for planting, harvesting, and daily farm operations. Marketing Expenses: Account for costs associated with promoting your strawberries and business. By tracking your income and expenses diligently, you can determine whether your strawberry venture is not only satisfying your taste buds but also proving profitable. Marketing Fresh Strawberries To achieve a $7,000 summer venture, you must excel in marketing fresh strawberries. Consider the following strategies: Online Presence: Create a website or social media profiles to showcase your strawberries and engage with customers online. Branding: Develop a memorable brand for your strawberry business. A strong brand can help differentiate your products in the market. Local Partnerships: Collaborate with local restaurants, bakeries, and other businesses to feature your strawberries in their offerings. Community Engagement: Participate in community events, sponsorships, or educational workshops to build a strong presence and loyal customer base. Summer Berry Business Tips As you embark on your strawberry venture, keep these summer berry business tips in mind: Record Keeping: Maintain detailed records of expenses, sales, and crop management activities. Flexibility: Be prepared to adapt to changing market conditions and unforeseen challenges. Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest farming techniques and market trends. Customer Feedback: Listen to customer feedback and use it to improve your products and services. Enjoy the Process: Embrace the joy of farming strawberries, as your passion will reflect in your produce. With the right mix of dedication, knowledge, and strategic planning, your fresh strawberry business can flourish, making your $7,000 summer venture a sweet and fruitful reality.

agronomy

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Jinan Zhengxin Livestock Breeding And Feed Equipment Co., Ltd. is a joint-stock company initiated by experts and scholars engaged in the research and production of animal husbandry feed machinery and equipment for many years. The company is located in Jinan, the capital of animal husbandry and feed in China and the capital city of Shandong Province. The company has strong technical strength, and has established long-term friendly cooperative relations with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Wuhan Academy of Food Science and Technology. The company will become a star of the animal husbandry and feed industry in Shandong Province. The company mainly produces livestock feed equipment and complete sets of engineering design, and undertakes large and medium-sized compound feed mills with a single-shift production of 2,000 tons to 100,000 tons of feed processing plants, premixes and concentrate plants. It also provides equipment support and 24-hour timely maintenance services for livestock, animal husbandry and veterinary factories in large, medium and small feed factories. The company's research and design of small and medium-sized complete feed units with a capacity of 1-10 tons, with short construction period and reasonable design, has strong adaptability to small and medium-sized enterprises, and is well received by enterprises all over Shandong. The company adheres to the enterprise tenet of “seeking for survival and seeking new development”. At the same time, we are always in love with the friends engaged in China's agriculture and animal husbandry, grasp the pulse of the times, and have excellent quality, reasonable price and perfect after-sales service. The way together with the livestock and feed colleagues will work hard for the prosperity of Chinese peasants and the prosperity of the great motherland.

agronomy

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Gardening to Give: Frederic’s Farm The St. Vincent de Paul Conference at St. Ann’s in Marietta recently established a “Frederic’s Farm” garden to supplement their SVdP Food Pantry that has been in operation for over 40 years. The garden is an innovative way to bring conference members together on a purpose to help their clients and help raise awareness to their parish of the good works with their parishioners. We have 4 raised planters containing a total of 27 plants. We are growing squash – zucchini and summer, peppers – jalapeno (many of our families like spicy) and a variety of sweet bell, tomatoes – different varieties of cherry and slicer, and cucumbers – pickling, Japanese and burpless. We will also be adding some pots of herbs this week,” said Karen Miller who is the creator of Frederic’s Farm and who is also in charge of the food pantry. The opening of the garden was a true team effort by Conference members, Betsy Van Etten (Conference President), Kathy Gist, Barbara McLoughlin, and Karen Miller. “Our vision is to have fresh vegetables and herbs year-round to share with the families that visit our Food Pantry. We also plan to add fruit to the garden in a coming season,” Karen said. The Fresh produce at the garden will provide vitamins and minerals that are important for everyone. For families with children, good nutrition is essential and plays an important role in their development and ability to learn. The garden is helping families be able to offer a healthy diet that will impact both their children’s academic achievement and overall life. Access to healthy (especially fresh) food can be a challenge to families with limited resources. Often the lack of good nutrition over time can lead to obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Being able to offer fresh produce will help in the management and prevention of these diseases.” said Karen. I have been blessed to serve in our Pantry for a number of years. During this time, I have gotten to know many of the families personally and experienced different health crisis with them. The inspiration for Frederic’s Farm was the hope to offer healthy and fresh choices that could help someone feel better, manage a health condition or provide their children with a healthy start. Our hope is for the garden to be a community effort and to share the joy in feeding families in need. How Can You Help? Outreach ministry, Food Well Alliance was able to give the Conference a lot of good advice on starting the garden. Here are some great ways that you can help as well: There are many ways that you can get involved at the garden. The Conference will need people to help with the maintenance of the garden including planting, watering, weeding and of course picking all of the vegetables when they are ready! They are also asking people to send recipes to share with clients and their families, using items that are being grown and staples that they always have at the Pantry. Another way that you can help and also donate is to plant a row or a pot at home to share with the Pantry. The Pantry also has a team of volunteers ready to pick up your vegetables if you are not able to get to the Pantry to drop off. Garden Contact Information: (770)552-6400 ex. 6105

agronomy

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Today I have been potting up some of the seedlings from the seeds sown a month ago (in the green trays). The seedlings all had their first set of 'real' leaves but I wasn't expecting the good root growth they had all made. I keep all my seedlings off the ground because of the slugs. The cutting garden is slowing down. The Larkspur have finished, the Clary are nearly done. I am leaving the Nigella so that I can have seed pods. |A dark scabious self-sown in the brick path with Aster frikartti 'Monch' in the background| A job for the coming week will be to dig out all the forget-me-not and stipa tenuissima seedlings from the brick path and plant them in the borders. I will also be dividing plants to take to the environmental centre. Incidentally, one of the plants I bought at the show is a chocolate mint. It smells like those peppermint creams that are covered in chocolate.

agronomy

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There are so many reasons why one would love African violets. They are easy to care for, produce wonderful blooms, and are so rewarding to propagate. Learn how to propagate African violets and grow your collection or share them with your friends. There are many ways you can go about propagating African violets, we’ll show you step-by-step pictures of our favorite methods along with tips and tricks to make the process smoother. The success rate when it comes to propagating these is really high so you have nothing to fear. You will have your baby plants in no time. And you will have many. Ready to start propagating? Read on! How to Propagate African Violets You can go about it by a few different ways; - leaf propagation (water, soil, sphagnum moss…) - crown cutting / plant division - growing them from seeds Do you need rooting hormone for propagating African violets? You don’t need it, there is no harm in adding it but African violets will make roots just fine without it. Once you have successfully propagated the plant, the care for the baby plant is the same as caring for African violet plants that are mature. African Violet Propagation from Leaf By far the easiest method and you won’t really hurt the aesthetics of mother plant. The best leaves for propagation are mature leaves that aren’t too old. However, young and old leaves alike will be propagated just as easily. They might take a little longer to produce roots. So you can purposely choose a leaf for propagation or use any that gets broken off by accident – or, like in our case, gets broken off when the cat walks over the plant like a tank. When cutting the leaf off, make sure to use sterile scissors or knives to prevent bringing any pathogens to your plant. No matter what medium you choose for propagating your African violet, it is best to cut the petiole at an angle. Propagating African Violet in Water While propagating them in soil omits the need to plant them in soil, later on, propagating African Violets in water is a whole lot more fun as you can closely observe the roots and baby plants grow. It is completely normal to check the plant every 5 minutes to see if the roots have sprouted. That said, it can take a while before the first signs of growth, so don’t despair. As long as the leaf is healthy-looking, you are on the right track, even if you feel the bottom end looks a bit funky (almost like it would be decomposing a little). Once you’ve cut your leaf (with petiole), just pop it in water. The leaf shouldn’t really touch the water, so make sure you pick the right container. The water should be at room temperature. Tap water is OK most of the time, if you feel your tap water is heavy in minerals you can opt for filtered water instead. You won’t really need to change the water frequently unless it becomes murky. Top-up when necessary and change the water in a couple of weeks. Place your cutting in a spot where it will receive lots of indirect light but not too much direct sun. Now, wait and observe. After a week or two, depending on the season and the leaf, you should see the first signs of roots growing. But it can absolutely take more time; these can take their time, much like propagating a ZZ plant can take a while. Remember, as long as the leaf is firm and healthy, there is a chance for roots to grow. First Root after Two Weeks One of our leaves made its first root! The other two didn’t have any signs of roots yet. The second one started showing roots a few days. The third one, however, took over two weeks more (this was an ancient leaf). The roots are progressing nicely on the first two. The photograph isn’t showing this the best, but the third one does look quite brown and mushy, but it will still make roots (soon). After a while, all 3 made roots, and they are all growing stronger each day! You can notice new growth daily, so this really is a fun process to observe. 2 Months Later After roughly two months, the first baby plants started appearing (in what seemed like an overnight thing). The roots are nice and strong, and from this moment on, things will start moving faster. 3 Weeks More After roughly 3 more weeks, there are a ton of nicely grown baby plants present. Interestingly the oldest leaf that took the longest time to produce roots produced the most baby plants. When your water propagated African violets reach this size, you can already pop them in soil, or you can return them into water and wait a little longer. Separate the Baby Plant From Leaf Gently separate the baby plant (with roots) from the petiole of the old leaf. You should be able to do it with your fingers, but if you are uncomfortable and fear you might damage the new plant, you can also cut away the old leaf. Just be sure to use sterilized tools. Plant the baby plant in soil. General potting soil will be OK, but you can also get specialized soil for African violets. Fill a small pot with soil. Poke a hole in the middle (pencils are great for this). Carefully place the baby plant in soil and cover the roots that might be poking out with soil. Water a little, don’t soak the soil. When propagating plants, as the last step, we like to place the baby plants into a ziplock for a while. This will lock in the moisture and also keep any potential pests away. In the first couple of days, your baby plant might look a bit poorly but should bounce back and continue growing soon. This is the plant after a week. Propagating African Violet in Soil How to propagate African violets in soil? Same as in water, just with less root observation. Cut the petiole the same way as you would for propagating it in water. Fill a pot with potting soil and stick the leaf in. I shouldn’t be too deep. But even if you pushed it in too deep you can “correct” this issue later on. The most hassle-free way of propagating African violets in the soil is to pop the pots with your plants into a clear container. This way, you won’t have to worry about the watering routine as the water is locked in. Do open up the container every week or two to let the fresh air get in and to add water if necessary. You can use any container, really, as long as it’s clear. This particular one is from a takeaway salad. Really handy! Now all there is to do is wait. The roots will start developing relatively fast. Once the plant is secured with roots, you can remove some of the top layer of soil (really carefully) if you feel you’ve planted your leaf petiole too deep. After weeks of waiting (months really) you will start seeing baby plants coming out of the soil. Once the baby plants are big enough you can remove the old leaf. Cut it away with clean sharp scissors or knives. You can absolutely try propagating the same leaf again. How to Propagate African Violets by Separation (Crown or Pups) If your African violet has multiple crowns or you see baby plants growing you can separate them from the mother plant (the separated part needs to have it’s own root system) and plant them into a new planter. There! Now you know how to propagate African violets! 🙂

agronomy

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As part of every OAT (Overseas Adventure Travel) trip, they include what is known as “A Day in the Life,” where the group experiences everyday life with the locals. On this trip, it was a visit to a dairy farm in the village of Castelluccio. The family that owns the farm has about 100 acres of land, with views of olive trees that stretch for miles. I absolutely fell in love with the countryside of Sicily. Their land is rich with beautiful fruit orchards overflowing with incredibly sweet persimmons and luscious prickly pears. The sun was high and warm as we wandered through the orchards, with the family patriarch plucking pears off the trees and doling out big slices for us to eat out of hand, his two trusty dogs trailing us. |Prickly Pears for the taking| When I thought the day couldn’t get any better, we went to their cheesemaking hut where we helped his son make fresh ricotta (okay, mostly he made it while we watched), which was still warm when we ate it at lunch. Nirvana! When we returned to the house, the lovely matriarch of the family invited us to make bread with her. She uses an ancient kneading machine, the kind that has been used in rural villages for decades. We all took a turn at this and believe me, it was not easy. After the dough has been kneaded and has risen, it’s formed and then baked in a wood-fired stove where she’s also added some olive tree branches for flavor. While the bread was baking, we walked through the olive groves to a spot under the trees where we enjoyed salumi, caciocavallo cheese, and champagne (to celebrate the anniversary of a couple on the trip). It was like a Food and Wine Magazine spread. For lunch back at the house, they grilled fat pork sausages and tender chicken legs that had been rubbed with lemon, oregano, and olive oil, all washed down with homemade wine in mismatched glasses. Everything we ate had been grown or made on the farm. Whatever they don’t use for themselves, they use to barter with neighbors. This is life in a small, rural Italian village. Hard to believe we were not far from the bustling hill town of Ragusa, that is home to a Michelin starred restaurant. Talk about two extremes. And I loved both equally. Ciao for now!

agronomy

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Our partnership with Farmers Harvest has allowed us the opportunity to work with some of America’s Finest, the farmers and growers who provide food for our tables. We work together to fulfill the unique requirements associated with their processing and handling operations. We have manufactured all types of conveyors, sorting tables, wash tables, sizers, etc. for their processing lines. We also build bulk haul bodies for their trucks. - Equipment Design and Manufacturing - Sweet Potato, White Potato, Apple, and Onion Processing Equipment - Conveyors, Sorting Tables, Wash Tables, Sizers, etc. - Bulk Transport Truck Bodies

agronomy

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“This course design has been a highlight of my career since its location, while strikingly obvious in hindsight, did not jump out at me after the first of several site visits and tours of the 12,000 acre estate. But once I strode over the plateau, with views which reminded me of the highlands of Scotland, I knew this would test the mettle of golfers who want to play courses that would challenge the professionals.” – Donald Steel Highlights of the Blue Ridge Mountain golf course include: - Closely cut areas around greens provide many short game options. - Use of bent grass gives the golfer fast surfaces, and fescue grasses add challenge and a contrast of color. - A 150 slope measurement attests to the course’s degree of difficulty, and the rating of 75.1 strokes confirms it. - Bio-filters are strategically placed around the golf course to protect the natural trout streams and rivers that originate within and surround Primland. - Wetlands around the course remain untouched and are treated as environmentally sensitive areas. - Electric golf carts are included with your greens fees. - 25 dollar charge applies for use of the driving range. These fees are included in a daily green fee. - Use of the putting greens is complimentary. Address: 4621 Busted Rock Rd, Meadows of Dan, VA 24120, USA Phone: +1 276-222-3827

agronomy

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By Elaine Simmons Riotous spring pansies are well served by planning ahead. If you have outdoor window boxes or winter proof pots, plant your pansies in these containers now with fresh potting soil (not topsoil). They will look good this fall, now that the weather has cooled. They will likely “wilt” a bit (and look rather sorry) in the colder months of winter but, unless we have truly bitter cold, these same pansies will normally spring back to life in March or April, earlier and with more vigor than if you plant them in the spring. In this way you get two seasons of enjoyment out of the same plants. Pansies disdain heat, so the short seasons of fall and early spring are when they flourish in this area. When the pansies get leggy and spent in May or June, you can replace them with annuals that tolerate summer heat. Right now, the nearby garden centers are well stocked with these plants. Brighter solid colors like yellow, orange, or white will “pop” against your house, or try a combo of contrasting colors like purple, yellow, and white. Pinch off spent blooms at the base of the stems to stimulate new flowers. And don’t throw away the old potting soil! I keep big pots of it in the garage to use in making compost, combining it with vegetable scraps, coffee grounds/filters, tea bags, and dryer lint. After six weeks or so in bin, the depleted old soil is transformed into rich loam.

agronomy

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It has been almost 60 days since our backyard remodel project concluded, back-to-back weekends of machinery and manual labor, that ultimately culminated in a backyard free of hazards with a brand new grassy play space for our kids. If you missed the first half of this two-parter, where I explained what we did to destroy our backyard, give it a read here. In this post, it’s time to look at the steps we took to put it all back together and some of the advice we can offer if you’re taking on a project like this of your own. Step 3 – Minimizing Our Material Costs Three of the challenges we faced in re-shaping our backyard were: - Filling in all the low areas of our yard that previously been part of the pool area, - Re-grading the steepest area of our property, and - Improving overall drainage so that we weren’t stuck with unwanted puddles after manipulating earth For filling and drainage, we brought in 3/4″ crushed rock, and not just a little. A total of 38 cubic yards were delivered for our job, a large enough quantity to allow us to negotiate down the per-yard cost of the material. We also arranged to have all of it delivered at once, using a large dump truck and an additional 20-yard trailer. Scheduling it this way reduced our delivery charges compared to multiple partial loads. (It also provided excellent defense against armies attacking on horseback). We had to follow up our drainage foundation with another 25 cubic yards of turf-blend topsoil, which we dumped using the bobcat into the high spots and spread by hand with rakes and shovels to bring us the extra 6-12″ up to finished grade. Given the enormous amount of material that we brought in for this project, our contractor (my cousin) did a fantastic job estimating our needs so we had little to no surplus and just enough to create the contours we desired. To create our lawn, we had the option to roll out sod across the entire area. But given that we were completing the project in late-April and anticipated a few more weeks of Greater Vancouver spring rain before the warmth of summer arrived, we decided to bring in a hydroseeding firm to spray a combination of mulch, fertilizer, and three varieties of grass seed over the entire 3,500 square foot backyard and just patiently wait for it to grow. We selected a company called Hydrolawn (local to us here in Pitt Meadows). At $0.15 per square foot, versus upwards of $0.75 for sod, it was an affordable way to cover the space. The process took this husband and wife team maybe 20 minutes to complete and we were given clear instructions on watering and fertilizing to help us nurture growth. After four weeks of patience and regular watering, the grass was tall enough to cut. Step 4 – Minimizing Our Rental Costs For scheduling reasons, we planned our whole job to take place over a single weekend, which ended up getting pushed to two weekends due to weather. The benefit to the weekend job was that the bobcat rental company was closed Saturday and Sunday, so we were only charged a single-day rental fee between Friday morning and pickup on Monday. By shutting down the machine at every opportunity, we kept its usage within daily constraints and minimized our equipment rental charges. The second weekend was scheduled similarly, resulting in a two-day paid rental (plus delivery charges) for roughly six days of machine time. Step 5 – Building Our Garden In the steepest section of our yard, we decided that building one or more tiers would help us reduce the severity of the slope. Constructing retaining walls to achieve this would have been costly (depending on the type of material used) and/or required proper engineering (depending on the height). So we elected to bring in some medium sized boulders instead (30-40 of them, each about 1.5 x 1.5 feet), for a couple hundred dollars. The end result was three incremental tiers, each only a foot or so taller than the previous with natural materials to support them at a fraction of the cost of a structured set of walls. We decided to leave the lowest tier as a gravel pad (15′ x 15′) for our kids play structure and a future shed, and chose to set aside the two upper tiers as garden space. Rather than cover the areas with garden soil, however, we built planter boxes with space between each to give us room to tend our plants and get to any unwanted weeds. We fabricated a total of four boxes for our garden from 2.5″ x 10″ yellow cedar, with 4″ x 4″ red cedar posts in each corner for stability. Two were 3′ x 6′ and two were 3′ x 9′, giving us a full 90 square feet of garden space for vegetables and herbs. Because we used 12′ lengths of cedar, cut for us at the lumber yard to the lengths we needed, we were able to build all four boxes using seven length of cedar boards with no waste for a total cost (including posts) of around $200. We added a few ceramic pots that we already owned for tomatoes and strawberries. Lastly, we had three cubic yards each of garden soil and 3/8″ pea gravel delivered to fill the planters and surround them. We used the excess pea gravel on the lower pad to offer a softer play surface for the kids beneath their play structure. We’re really happy with the resulting transformation of the backyard. It’s so easy to be drawn to the house and home magazines and the Pinterest dream project imagery and feel like you need to compete with Versailles to achieve anything of value. But I think the important thing is to reflect on the reasons you took on a project in the first place and see if you managed to stay true to those objectives. When we started this project, we had three goals in mind: - Safety – Removing all of the hazards, holes, and toxic materials that could cause bodily injury - Useability – Recovering dead space for play, function, and relaxation - Property value – Producing an end result that would better serve our family and the property as a whole In the end, we achieved these goals and we kept to the budget we intended. There are certainly additional changes that could be made in terms of decking, patios and other living spaces. But in the mean time we’ve regained a 4,000 sqft space that’s now safe, fun, and functional for our family.

agronomy

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Worm Castings are an integral, but often overlooked ingredient in all forms of agriculture. Worm Castings are exactly what you think they are, worm poop. Worm castings are especially important in container gardening since there is no contact with native soil that already contains worms and their castings. The easy solution here is to ensure that you are using at least one gallon containers and just drop a red wiggler aka compost worm on top. DO NOT add “Night Crawlers” to your container plants, night crawlers have a tendency to snack on living roots. Although horse manure is not recommended as a soil amendment, for many reasons, a big pile of horse manure is a great place to search for compost worms. Other good places to look for a few are inside piles of grass clippings, underneath large flat objects on the ground or at the interface between all of the fallen plant matter in the forest and the soil underneath. Anywhere that organic matter sits and composts is a good place to find compost worms. Hence the name. Just one compost worm in each container is enough to get a population going, although it can take some time. If you add too many to one container, the food sources inside will be depleted too fast and they will all just leave. Placing one compost worm per gallon in your container garden at the beginning of the growing season will serve you very well all year long. There is no need to go out and spend crazy amounts of money on worm castings. There is no need to but those expensive worm farming containers. Just get some worms and be patient. There is only really one situation that will not work for worms living in your growing containers. If you are using chemical fertilizers, your worms will not do very well at all. In fact, they will most likely die. In this case, you would need to purchase or farm your own worm castings. Do not despair, by the end of these articles, you will have the required knowledge to stop using chemical fertilizers. It is easy, give mother nature what she needs to do what she does and let her do it. She doesn’t need much, she just needs the right stuff. Worms do need something to eat though. This is also simple. Any form of plant matter that is not hard like wood is good food for worms, save a couple things. Try to avoid citrus and capsaicin (peppers). Some good things to use are a combination of -non plastic coated paper -grass clippings that do not have dog or cat excrement in them -leafy greens and their stalks -and many other things. If you would compost it, you can 99% of the time, feed it to your worms. Just letting the worms live in your growing containers cuts you out as the middle man. There is no need to take up extra space with worm bins, castings sifters, lights, watering schedule or heat mats for winter.

agronomy

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Kalabagh dam project will meet the needs of irrigation water and meet the food production for the growing population in the coming year. So this dam is very important for the economic stability of the Pakistan. There are some benefits are as under: Benefits of Kalabagh Dam - This multi-purpose project would have a live storage capacity of 6.1 million acre feet. (MAF). - It would add a large amount of cheap hydro-power. - Kalabagh Dam will generate an average 11,400 million KWH annually. - Average power benefits are estimated as Rs. 46.0 billion per annum. - With large amounts of energy generate during the summer months, the station will operate as source of base load power with thermal plant providing addition peak time power as required. - To generate the energy necessary which meet the demand and stop load shedding? - Kalabagh Dam generates a large amount of low cost Hydro Electricity power near major load center. - To replace the lost live storage capacities of Mangla and Tarbela, reservoirs gradually being depleted due to sedimentation. - To utilize surplus water waste fully flowing to sea. - Kalabagh would store surplus water in the flood season and make it available for controlled utilization during the low flow season. - This project would provide irrigation water to meet the demand of food production for our growing population. So with the commissioning of Kalabagh Dam, the irrigation short fall would completely eliminated in average and above average inflow year. - The additional water will mostly made available during the Rabi Season from October to march, thus increasing the cultivated area which may cropped twice annually. - Kalabagh Dam would enable addition and improved irrigation supplies to all provinces within a short period. - Additional water made available from Kalabagh for irrigation purposes will increase crop yields. - The impact of Kalabagh Dam in reducing the short falls in irrigation supplies. - Irrigation oriented operation of the project gives the highest overall economic return. - Annual irrigation supply will increased by an average of 4.5 MAF, when the project is first commissioned. - Kalabagh Dam would store water in the flood season. This water could thus used for sowing and final maturing of the Kharif crops and entire Rabi crops. - The grand Kalabagh Dam could supply plenty of water from its reservoirs to the network of canals during the dry seasons.

agronomy

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Pollinated Foods Are High In Antioxidants – Study Reveals! A recent study conducted by a nutrition expert and a group of pollination ecologists at the University of Berlin, Germany, the Leuphana University, Luneberg and the University of California, Berkeley and San Francisco has showed that globally, crops pollinated by animals are extremely rich in vitamins A, C, E, minerals such as fluoride, calcium, iron and dietary lipids. Another important aspect was that the crops propagated by pollinators were high in nutrients that lowered the risk of heart disease and cancer. These included carotenoids such as β-cryptoxanthin and lycopene and other antioxidants found in vitamin E. The researchers estimated that nearly 40% of the very essential nutrients coming from fruits and vegetables could be lost without the intervention of pollinators. Animal pollinators such as bees are declining in numbers throughout the globe. If this is the case, in the coming years we might be eating food that is deficient in required nutrients leading to the development of several diseases.

agronomy

http://csdailyblog.wordpress.com/2012/10/15/science-classes-cultivate-diversity-and-beauty-in-the-conserve-school-garden/

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As a conclusion to the Applied Ecology and Sustainable Systems unit on agriculture and soils, science students took a trip to the Conserve School garden to do some learning by doing. The students worked together to plant 200 tulip, hyacinth, and grape hyacinth bulbs each class period. These three species were selected by Conserve School’s Science Teacher Andy Milbauer and Stewardship Coordinator Jean Haack because they are an excellent food source for bees in the spring. When the snow finally disappears from campus, these flowers will not only provide habitat for our resident bees, but be a pleasant sight for those of us eagerly welcoming warmer weather. To prepare the garden beds for planting, students dug up and turned over existing soil and vegetation. They then shoveled holes about half as deep as their hands, placed the bulbs pointed side up in the soil, and re-covered the holes they had made. More soil layers were added over the garden bed and students stomped, danced, and jumped on top to compact them. This compaction will deter squirrels from digging up the bulbs and prevent the bulbs from rotting in air pockets. Although the CS5 students will not be here to see the results of their planting, they worked diligently to get the job done. In just one class period, they were able to expand Conserve School’s garden, add to the diversity of species on campus, and plant flowers for future semesters to enjoy. - Graduate Fellow Maria Kopecky

agronomy

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/01%3A_Introduction_to_Chemistry/1.08%3A_Agriculture

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How does chemistry aid the success of crops? In the spring, many people begin to plant their gardens. They see ads in catalogs or shop the gardening section of a local store to get ideas. The right place in the garden is selected, seeds or plants are put in the soil, and then they wait. Whether it is a small home garden or a large thousand acre farm, chemistry contributes greatly to the success of the crop. Crops need four things for good growth: sunlight, water, nutrients from the soil, and protection from predators such as insects. Chemistry has made major contributions within water usage, nutrient availability, and plant protection. Water purification uses a number of chemical and physical techniques to remove salts and contaminants that would pollute the soil. Chemical analysis of soil allows the grower to see what nutrients are lacking, so that they can be added. In the spring, grocery stores, hardware stores, and gardening centers have high stacks of bags containing fertilizers and weed killers that enrich the soil and keep down unwanted plants. These same stores also provide a number of sprays or solid treatments for insects that might otherwise eat the plants. Fresh water is essential for good crops. In some areas of the world, there is enough rain to accomplish this task. In other locales, water must be provided so that the crops will grow. Worldwide, irrigation covers about \(18\%\) of farm land and produces some \(40\%\) of crops. Obtaining clean water in many parts of the world is made possible by the process of desalinization. Desalinization involves to the treatment of sea water to remove salts; the resulting water can then be used for irrigation without contaminating the soil with materials that harm the growing plants. In many areas of the world, the soil is deficient in essential nutrients. A number of minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium may not be present in large enough amounts for plants to grow well. Nitrogen is also extremely important for good crops. Soil analysis is available from a variety of labs. Local university extension services can provide valuable information as to the composition of a soil, and will also make suggestions as to the types and amounts of needed nutrients. Fertilizers can be purchased and added to the soil to enrich it and ensure better yield of crops. Even if the crop grows well, there is still the possibility of insect or pest damage. The insect or pest can consume the crop or can damage it to the point where it will not grow well. Infestations of army worms can do major damage to corn and grain crops. Aphids and boll weevils are major predators of cotton crops. Failure to control these pests results in widespread crop damage and financial loss for the farmer. A wide variety of pesticides have been developed by chemists and other scientists to deal with pests. The basic approach is to develop pesticides that interfere with some biochemical process in the pest. Ideally, the pesticide will not affect other living organisms, but this is not always the case. It is very important to read the labels and observe all precautions when using pesticides. - Obtaining clean water in many parts of the world is made possible by the process of desalinization. - Plant nutrients are very important for good plant growth. - Chemical analysis of soil can tell he farmer or gardener what nutrients are needed. - Chemists have developed many pesticides that will kill plant predators such as the army worm and the boll weevil. - List three things crops need for good growth. - How much of the water used in farming is provided by irrigation? - What fraction of crops are grown using irrigation? - Why do nutrients need to be added to the soil? - How do pesticides work?

agronomy

https://teyshatech.co.uk/biopolymer-specialist-works-with-niab-to-tackle-plastic-pollution/

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Biopolymer innovator Teysha Technologies has joined NIAB to research, test and develop bioplastics for the agricultural industry in the UK. The opportunity will allow Teysha to expand as the start up further commercialises in the UK, utilising the Eastern Agritech Innovation Hub near Cambridge. The Hub will be the focal point for developing and testing new sustainable materials and bioplastics to tackle growing plastic pollution as well as investigating waste feedstock options within British agricultural operations. The first innovation to be delivered from the new Teysha laboratory will be a series of new polyester composite materials. Their purpose will be to replace some products that are currently based on petrochemical plastics, as well as improve the biodegradability of existing bioplastics such as polylactic acid. Unlike other polymer manufacturing processes, the synthesis of Teysha’s materials generates zero chemical by-products for disposal. Its properties make it susceptible to microbial breakdown, a desirable benefit for applications like packaging. Teysha’s new polyester composites show promise as plastic alternatives across industries like agriculture and horticulture. For example, British gardeners go through 500 million plastic plant pots a year that are either incinerated or sent to landfills. On average they take an estimated 450 years to degrade and in the process may release toxic additives, dyes and microplastics into the environment. To address this, Teysha is targeting the development of alternatives using polyester composites. The goal is to prototype alternative options that provide additional plant nourishment while also having the ability to either biodegrade or be composted. “This opportunity to work with the NIAB will allow us to further develop innovative, sustainable materials that can replace harmful plastics in industries like agriculture, as well as examine waste feedstocks for our range of biopolymers.” Said Matthew Stone, Managing Director of Teysha Technologies. “Working with such an important UK institution will also accelerate commercialisation in the UK.” Teysha Technologies was established to solve the problems surrounding the production and use of plastics. In partnership with Texas A&M University, Teysha have developed novel second generation bioplastics based on sugar polycarbonates. Now, Teysha is extending its commercial operations to the UK where it is establishing a laboratory facility and a relationship with the NIAB. The NIAB Group is the UK’s fastest-growing crop science organisation, addressing the challenges of food security, climate change and sustainable development in agriculture. The group works with local and national businesses at the hub to carry out commercial scale pilot studies that aid the development of the agricultural and horticultural industries in the UK. To find out more about Teysha Technologies and its research into tuneable biodegradable biopolymers, visit the Teysha Technologies website.

agronomy

http://greencarelawncare.net/landscaping-services-lacey.html

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Greencare Lawncare - Our Services Greencare Lawncare provides more than just weekly lawn maintenance. Please consider us when in need of any of the following services. We welcome the opportunity to provide full maintenance service. We offer 4-season lawn care from basic lawn mowing to full landscape maintenance. However, if all you need is a company to mow the yard, we are happy to help. Standard service includes mowing the entire yard, line trimming (weed eating) around all trees, posts, fencing, etc., edging all sidewalks, patios and driveways, and clean up of all clippings. We mulch as it is much better for the lawn. When necessary, grass clippings are bagged and removed from the property. The major goal of turf fertilization is to produce attractive turf that is healthy, and able to withstand the rigors of its intended use. Fertilization is one of the most basic and important components of a turf management program. Turf fertilization contributes greatly to lawn color, density, uniformity, and growth. Properly fertilized grass can compete with weeds and is able recover from damage caused by environmental stresses faster than improperly fertilized lawns. When developing a turf fertilization program, we consider a number of factors including: • Minerals required for turf growth and development • Natural soil fertility • Fertilizer selection • Turf/grass species, desired quality, and use • Environmental and management conditions • Application schedule Let us improve the health of your lawn by aerating your soil. Lawn aeration, or core aeration, helps by pulling up plugs of soil and then allowing air, water, and nutrients to reach the roots of your grass. Lawn aeration will help strengthen the roots and allow them to grow deeper. Strong roots in grass will help make it look very green and more beautiful. Thatch is the layer of living and dead stems, roots, stolons, and rhizomes between the green blades of grass and the soil surface. A thin layer of thatch (less than 1/2 inch thick) can be beneficial to the lawn because it helps to limit weed germination, reduce water evaporation, and protect from frost damage. However, thick thatch layers can prevent water, air, and nutrients from penetrating the soil, causing reduced root growth and increased potential for drought stress. Thatch also favors fungal growth and can harbor insect pests. Lime helps neutralize acidic soil. If your lawn is in good shape, you probably don't need lime. Let us test your soil and determine if lime is needed to adjust the Ph balance. Lime is a treatment for your soil, not your grass, and the best time to get at the soil is when there's no grass on top of it. However, if you already have grass, we can determine the best time of year to apply a treatment. If your soil is too sour and has slipped out of the ph zone that keeps your grass happy and healthy, lime will sweeten it up again and help keep your lawn in good shape. Moss in lawns is usually the result of conditions that are not beneficial to good growth in turf - including poor soil fertility, low soil pH (acidic soils), heavy shade, and excessive moisture. If any of these conditions are inhibiting turf growth, moss can and will invade the lawn and establish itself. Let us treat your lawn and effectively gain control of your moss problem. We will get your yard looking lush and green once again. Weeds tend to thrive at the expense of the more desirable grass, flowers, or shrubs. They provide competition for space, nutrients, water and light. To prevent their germination and growth, we use a combination of pre-emergent herbicides applied to the soil, and some organic techniques. We will fight those hard to kill weeds until they are gone. Mulch is a protective cover placed over the soil to retain moisture, reduce erosion, provide nutrients, and suppress weed growth and seed germination. Using them in gardens and landscaping mimics the leaf cover that is found on forest floors. Mulching also provides a beautiful contrasting curb appeal. We are happy to provide all of your mulching needs. You just can't go wrong with proper mulching. Tree and Shrub Timming Enhance the appearance of your trees. Proper tree maintenance consists of clearing the tree of deadwood, thinning branches, breakage and rubbing limbs removal, and raising the tree canopy. Not only does it make the tree healthier - it reduces decay, allows for more airflow and reduces a lot of unnecessary weight. Mowing the yard is only half the challenge. Bushes that are not consistently maintained hurt the appearance of even the best-kept property. We will leave your bushes looking beautiful and designed just how you like. Concerned we do not offer the service you seek? Call us; we are happy to recommend service providers that maintain the same standards we do. Do you need property maintenance for a commercial property? Greencare Lawncare can establish a budget and remain within it. All costs are known. There are no hidden or indirect charges. Are safety practices, training procedures and comprehensive insurance, nearly eliminating your exposure to liability as a result of careless or abusive use of equipment or chemicals. Greencare Lawncare strives to be a one-stop 'Outdoor Service Provider'. If your outdoor services are not currently managed by one service provider, let us show you the return on investment (ROI) earned by switching to Greencare Lawncare. We solely focus on grounds maintenance so you can focus on your business. Property managers love us because we make their job easy. Call today to see if Greencare Lawncare is the right service provider for you!

agronomy

https://www.clarkgreenneighbors.org/green-living/plant-library/item/artichoke

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- Scientific Name: Cynara scolymus - Garden: Edibles and Herbs Garden - Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennials - Evergreen/Deciduous: Evergreen - Sun/Shade Exposure: Full Sun - Moisture Requirements: Moist, Well-Drained Artichokes are Mediterranean plants that thrive in full, hot sun. They need a minimum of six hours of direct sun a day at the peak of summer. A rich, well‐drained soil is ideal. In the Portland area, seeds can be started indoors February through April (two months before the average last frost date), and directly outdoors starting in May. Transplant starts in late spring when the ground has warmed up and there is no chance of frost. Give plants 3’ spacing and full sun. A site protected from winter winds and extreme cold is best. Amend soil with 2” of compost and/or manure before planting. Add an organic transplanting fertilizer to the bottom of the hole. Once planted, top‐dress with good mulch, making sure not to smother the crown. WATER REQUIREMENTS Artichokes like moist soil, but never soggy. When watering, drench the root area completely. Frequency of watering varies with every situation. In the heat of summer, it may need a thorough drink once a week. Watering frequency will decrease during cooler weather and as plants become established. Artichokes are very drought tolerant once established after the first year. Water a second-year plant thoroughly in the hottest summer months. A third-year plant should be fine without additional water. In containers, artichokes will need regular watering weekly before the soil pulls away from the sides of the container. Artichokes in containers will need regular water for life because they will have a restricted root system. FERTILIZING Artichokes benefit from an annual feeding in the spring, side‐dress with kelp meal or any other all-purpose granular fertilizer. A 1” layer of composted manure also works. HARVESTING & STORAGE Newly planted artichokes begin to produce edible heads early to mid-summer. Established plants can start flowering in late spring. Harvest before the outer “petals” have begun to open, cut buds with 1” of stem along with it. Store in refrigerator; lasts up to a week or more. PESTS & DISEASES *Snails and slugs leave large holes in leaves when they feed at night. Slug baits, and beer traps are just a few ways to control them. *Verticillium and Bacterial Wilt are soil borne virus which cause the plant to suddenly wilt. Remove and destroy infected plant. Replant a new plant in a different area (or container). *Die out‐ All artichokes have a limited life span and lose vigor, dying away after 5 years of production. *Gray Mold shows as brown spots on buds which develops a white or gray mold in wet weather. Remove infected buds, avoid overhead irrigation and improve air circulation. Treat healthy foliage with a fungicide if desired. *Aphids often appear as a black coating on the flower buds. Also, sticky sap on leaves and stems and white aphid skeletons are quite prevalent. There are numerous sprays and control measures to help combat aphids. Garlic and cayenne sprays help deter them, and insecticidal soap kills them when spayed every 7‐10 days. *Earwig damage appears as holes bored through the base of the buds. Set traps for earwigs made out of rolls of corrugated cardboard. Earwigs will hide in the cardboard in the day. In the morning shake the traps into a bucket of soapy water or simply discard away from the garden. WINTER PROTECTION Cut artichoke foliage to the ground in late fall. Artichokes in containers need protection at temperatures around 25°F or colder. In the ground a thick layer of straw will help insulate the root mass for the winter. The key for survival in the ground is great drainage and temperatures above 20°F.

agronomy

https://www.wellvine.com/blog/wine-not/

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Researchers from Sonomaceuticals, LLC, the USDA-ARS, and UC Davis have collaborated to learn more about the ways in which a by-product of Chardonnay winemaking that has been viewed simply as a waste product may have potential health benefits. Dr Torey Arvik, Dr Wallace Yokoyama, Dr Carl Keen, Dr Roberta Holt, and Fanny Lee are interested in how Chardonnay marc – the solid remains of the grapes after being pressed for their juice – could be upcycled into ingredients used in foods and dietary supplements that may improve cardiovascular and gut health. Harnessing the health benefits of Chardonnay grape marc as a value-added ingredient enables more sustainable wine production. A grand challenge in the global food and agriculture sector is minimizing food waste and negative environmental impacts while meeting increasing global demand for healthy food. Innovation is urgently needed to transform underutilized food- and agriculture-derived resources into new ingredients and products that contribute to health and nutrition while also being conducive to a more sustainable environment. Transforming by-products into co-products during wine production Wine production is a sector where innovation can have a big impact. In 2018, 292 million hectolitres (one hectolitre equals one hundred litres) of wine were produced worldwide. The process of winemaking involves crushing ripe grapes into grape must. For white wine, the must is then pressed to separate the juice from the solids. Next, the juice is fermented to produce wine. The grape solids removed from the must are called pomace, or marc. Grape marc contains all the other components of the grape, including the skin, seeds, and pulp. Grape marc makes up the largest underutilized by-product from winemaking, with over 1.1 million tonnes generated in 2019 in California alone. Although a small amount of marc has traditionally been used to produce marc brandy or grappa, it is more commonly used as fertilizer or animal feed. “Overweight or obese individuals may have improved insulin responses when consuming a blend of Chardonnay grape marc and seed extract.” Collaborative research between Sonomaceuticals, LLC, the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS), and the University of California Davis (UC Davis) is providing exciting new insights into the potential benefits of co-products that usually go largely to waste in the production of Chardonnay wine. This multi-year program of collaboration is revealing new potential in Chardonnay marc co-products that can yield new food and dietary supplement ingredients having health benefits due to the concentration of certain naturally occurring compounds. Potential bioactive components of Chardonnay grape marc Sonomaceuticals is interested to better understand the use of Chardonnay grape marc to benefit human health. Dr Torey Arvik is involved in work which aims to valorize grape solids left over from winemaking. Valorization, a process that is gaining traction in numerous industries, simply means finding a better use for co-products, thereby reducing waste and enhancing value. This has partly contributed to a new area of research which aims to explore the potential health benefits of bioactive components in Chardonnay grape marc. Previous work by Dr Wallace Yokoyama, a scientist at USDA-ARS, compared the profiles of grape seed flours from different varieties to determine if there were different health impacts. Compared to other grapes, Chardonnay grape marc contained high levels of nutrients known as phenolics, with the highest levels found in Chardonnay seeds. The team at Sonomaceuticals further explored the phenolic content of Chardonnay grape marc. They aimed to characterize the marc, with and without seeds, the seed alone, and an extract of the seed, to better identify the chemical composition of these winemaking co-products. The majority of phenolics in Chardonnay grape marc are the flavan-3-ols, including (-) epicatechin. Flavan-3-ols are compounds naturally present in plant-based foods such as grapes, tea, apples, and cocoa. Importantly, a number of research studies have shown that increased intakes of (-) epicatechin and other flavan-3-ols can have beneficial health effects on the cardiovascular system. Indeed, work from an international team of researchers, which included Dr Carl Keen and Dr Roberta Holt, observed that flavanol intake could improve vascular response and platelet function. Continued research on flavan-3-ols has convincingly demonstrated beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. This may be due to their ability to affect a number of cellular signalling and metabolic pathways. Aside from the flavan-3-ol content of marc, the Sonomaceuticals team were interested in the relatively understudied complex carbohydrate content of Chardonnay grape marc that can benefit gut health. This included the oligosaccharides, a type of fiber, known for their potential prebiotic benefits. All Chardonnay marc samples analyzed contained abundant levels of flavan-3-ols, with the seed extract being the most concentrated phenolic. Thirty-six distinct oligosaccharides were discovered in the four samples. Whilst there was some overlap between the Chardonnay marc fractions, they each had their own individual oligosaccharide profile. These results demonstrate that Chardonnay marc could be a substantial dietary source of phenolics and oligosaccharides. Research is currently ongoing to determine the contribution of each of these Chardonnay grape marc components to health. Potential health benefits of Chardonnay grape marc Research by Dr Yokoyama identified ways that Chardonnay grape seed flour may benefit cardiovascular health in a series of studies using a rodent model. His group supplemented a high-fat diet with Chardonnay grape seed flour. This prevented the mice from gaining fat, despite consuming more food than the control group. The mice also had lower levels of a form of cholesterol often associated with increased cardiovascular risk, that is, low-density lipoprotein or LDL cholesterol. Moreover, Dr Yokoyama’s team were able to demonstrate that Chardonnay grape seed flour-induced changes in LDL were associated with changes in specific gut microbial populations and metabolites. Dr Yokoyama attributed these health benefits to the fiber and flavan-3-ol content of the Chardonnay seed flour. These results suggests that Chardonnay grape seed flour may benefit cardiovascular health in the management of obesity and obesity-related health effects that include improvements in cholesterol levels and gut health. However, further research, including well-controlled clinical trials, will be required to confirm the impact of these key Chardonnay grape marc components in humans. Fanny Lee’s research is focused on exploring how pre-packaged capsules containing WellVine Chardonnay marc may affect the gut microbiome and cardiovascular health in humans. She and her collaborators have conducted initial trials examining the effects of Chardonnay grape flour and seed extract on cholesterol and insulin resistance. At this year’s meeting of the American Society of Nutrition, Ms Lee presented data suggesting overweight or obese individuals may have improved insulin responses when consuming a blend of Chardonnay grape marc and seed extract. While promising, further work is required to confirm these findings. “Including Chardonnay marc in food products can potentially contribute to both public health and environmental sustainability.” During the past several decades, much has been learned about compounds present in foods having bioactivity beyond that contributed by the currently recognized micro- and macro-nutrients. (-) Epicatechin, present in various plant foods, and specific oligosaccharides found in human breastmilk, are representative of these new discoveries. The cross-sector research collaboration between Sonomaceuticals, USDA-ARS, and UC Davis suggests Chardonnay grape marc is a food ingredient containing compounds that have this potential, including flavan-3-ols and oligosaccharides. Sonomaceuticals has already demonstrated that grape seed flour can be used in commercially available flours to enhance bread and other baked goods, and believes there is a potential for including Chardonnay grape marc in a wider variety of foods, beverages, and dietary supplements. In addition to the health and nutrition benefits associated with the compounds it naturally contains, inclusion of Chardonnay grape marc in these products contributes to environmentally sustainable viticulture and winemaking operations.

agronomy

http://easthampton-ct.patch.com/search?keywords=halloween

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Q-P Farm Market 1339 Portland Cobalt Rd, Portland, CT06480 Open since 1993, Q-P (quick pick) Farm Market is open from spring until Halloween. This farmers market is owned by…More Gotta's Place off of Glastonbury Turnpike. There are several greenhouses in the back where the business grows its crops. Customers can stop by Q-P and purchase locally grown produce such as corn, squash, tomatoes and apples. Customers can also pick their own peaches and strawberries. For those looking to do some planting of their own, Q-P's has a garden center which stocks all manner of decorative plants and mulch as well as heirloom tomato plants.

agronomy

https://savannanews.com/covid-19-threatens-erode-incomes-of-smallholder-farmers-in-zimbabwe-oxfam-in-zimbabwe/

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Smallholder vegetable farmers in Zimbabwe could lose thousands of dollars due to the lockdown enforced by the government to combat the spread of Covid -19 pandemic that has ravaged communities across the globe. Covid -19 and the response measures particularly lockdown and social distancing could not have come at a worse time for many smallholder farmers, particularly women. The lockdown policy response, though necessary to break the coronavirus transmission chain, threatens to disrupt agricultural markets and supply chains for smallholder farmers already reeling from the effects of the 2018-19 and 2019-20 drought, fall army-worm and underlying economic challenges. On 30 March 2020, the Government of Zimbabwe enforced a 21-day nationwide lockdown in response to the Covid -19 pandemic that threatens to bring down global economies and communities. The nationwide lockdown was abrupt, with the citizens given only two weekend days to stock up supplies for the lockdown. A snap survey conducted by Oxfam in Zimbabwe in its project areas shows that, unless the government comes up with targeted policy measures to support the farmers during the lockdown period and beyond, thousands of smallholder farmers stand to endure losses that will worsen hunger, malnutrition, poverty, inequality and vulnerability to the climate crisis among other challenges rural farmers are already battling with. Beneficiaries of Tapudzai Garden in Ward 11 of Gutu District (about 250 km southeast of the Capital City of Harare) whose quarter hectare of tomatoes is currently under production, expect to start harvesting their crop in two weeks’ time (18 April). Members of the Tapudzai garden comprising of 19 women, 10 men and 7 youth farmers are anticipating a yield of about 10 000kg from their irrigated quarter hectare. Tomatoes are fetching ZWL9.30/kg at the market and the members were hoping to get a gross income of at least ZWL93,000 (US$3,577) which translates to a net income of US$1,802 after production costs. If the lockdown persists and the tomatoes are not sold as expected, Tapudzai garden members stand to lose almost USD2000, a loss which the members cannot afford now given the underlying economic challenges bedevilling the nation. Small scale vegetable farmers, mostly women, in Gutu district whose crops are almost ripe for harvesting, have cited access to markets as their major challenge during this lockdown. Cellestino Chakabuda (58) a father of five and one of the members of the recently constructed Tapudzai solar driven market garden in Ward 11 under the SIDA supported Oxfam in Zimbabwe and partners Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihoods (CARL) project, has this to say: “We had planned to sell our vegetables including cabbages, tomatoes and beans to nearby boarding schools and the Gutu town market, but now with the lockdown in place, we don’t know what we are going to do. Schools have been closed and the market is closed as well, so there is barely no market to sell our vegetables to” said a distraught Chakabuda. “Vegetables have a short shelf life, the crops are almost at harvesting stage and we are not sure what to do if the lockdown persists beyond 21 days and schools remain closed”. On the 3rd of April 2020, the President of Zimbabwe Emerson Mnangagwa in a televised address, relaxed the lockdown measures when he ordered the police to allow farmers to deliver their produce to urban centres. This came after shocking images of police burning a truckload of vegetables in Mutare’s Sakubva market flew all over social media. Chakabuda however said commendable as the President’s gesture was, it did not do much in addressing the market challenges the communal farmers still have to face in the wake of the lockdown. “Though the President said we can now go with our produce to urban markets, our challenges still remain. For starters, there are no buses on the road to carry our vegetables to town because all public transport was banned from operating during the lockdown except for Zupco buses but these are all concentrated in urban centres. So how are we going to get our vegetables to town? If schools remain closed, our challenges are far from over as accessing urban markets is a toll order for most of us” said Chakabuda. He further added that even if they somehow manage to get their produce to urban markets, the market still remains too small to cater for both communal farmers and commercial farmers as most vegetable vendors and small shops that usually buy smallholder farmers produce remain closed due to the unpredictability of the situation. Chakabuda said he fears if they do not get a market for their produce at the earliest possible time, all their efforts may go down the drain and they may be unable to send their children back to school when they reopen. Chiedza Hungwe (36) a mother of five and also a member of the same project weighed in “There hasn’t been much crop yield in most farmers’ fields this year owing to drought and our only hope was income from the recently constructed market garden which has constant supply of water”. Even farmers in irrigation schemes have not been spared from supply chain and market disruptions brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown response measures. In the SIDA – Oxfam supported Ruti and Mutunha Irrigation Schemes in Gutu and Buhera districts respectively, farmers must prepare for the winter crop season but are finding it difficult to move around to sell their produce, source agricultural inputs and conclude supply contracts. “As a farmer, I need to move from place to place looking for markets, interact with extension officers and buy inputs. Now with the lockdown and social distancing measures, it’s already a nightmare for most of us farmers to access markets and procure inputs for the upcoming winter cropping season which starts in May” said Mary Chinembiri (35) of the Ruti irrigation scheme. Failure by farmers to procure agricultural inputs and access markets could spell major disruptions to Zimbabwe’s food supply chain. Farming activities follow seasons and getting things done on time often separates a successful farming season from an unsuccessful one. “Our first crop is almost ready for harvesting and we were preparing to sell the produce at the nearby Murambinda growth point and started contract negotiations with private sector off-takers for a winter crop but now all that has been put into disarray because of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown imposed by the government”, said Moline Mudzukwa (49), a beneficiary of the Mutunha irrigation scheme and garden implemented in Buhera District through SAFIRE under the CARL project. “We are between a hard place and a rock, as we want to stay safe from Covid-19 but also continue with our farming business”, said most farmers across the three districts. These farmers’ voices highlight the worries about socio-economic effects of COVID-19 among smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe and the urgent need for policy measures that alleviate hunger and that address poverty and inequality for rural constituencies.

agronomy

https://winesdirect.ie/collections/buy-stefano-accordini-wine-online

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Stefano Accordini’s family involvement with wine started early in the 20th century when Stefano’s father Gaetano Accordini bought 5 ha of vineyards in the hills between Verona and Lake Garda. Stefano continued his father’s passion for producing Valpolicella wine on their family vineyards all his life and was followed by his sons Daniele and Tiziano (pictured). In turn, the current generation of Accordinis; Giacomo, Paolo, and Marco, have inherited the love for Valpolicella and a place in their family enterprise. It might seem like stating the obvious, but you get something really special when four successive generations dedicate themselves to producing and refining one particular style of wine. With a total of 10 ha under vine, the Accordindis know every inch of their land intimately. The vineyards have south-eastern exposure and a balanced soil composition perfect for growing the Corvine, Rondinelle and Corvinone grapes that go into the Accordini Valpolicellas.

agronomy

https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-pictures/foods-most-affected-by-climate-change-1144590/

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11 Foods That Are Already Being Impacted by the Climate Crisis Food is an entrenched part of any culture. In America, we associate peaches with Georgia and shellfish with New England; we go to Napa for wine tasting, and sing songs about the heartland’s amber waves of grain. But in a few short decades, rising sea levels and changing temperatures could transform where and how we harvest our food. We’re already seeing changes. Fruit trees are struggling to bloom after warmer winters; cranberries are being scalded by heat in the bogs they’ve grown in for centuries; in Asia, rice crops are being flooded with saltwater. And as the ocean becomes warmer and more acidic, the sea life we depend on is either moving to different waters or being decimated. In many cases, these changes mean that the foods that are part of a region’s identity — Vermont’s maple syrup or Colombia’s coffee — will have to migrate as their ideal climate shifts, often further north. “Napa Valley pretty much ends up in Canada not too long from now,” says Lisa Goddard, director of the International Research Institute for Climate and Society at Columbia University. And it’s not just specialty foods. Rising temperatures are making it harder to produce staple grains across the globe — slashing yields, wiping out crops in droughts, even making these essential grains less nutritious. In developed countries like the U.S., we likely won’t stop eating as much corn or wheat; we’ll just start cultivating more land — increasing the already enormous environmental impact of the agriculture industry. “The demand for food is so powerful, it’s the fundamental thing that people need to buy. They will find a way to buy it,” says Keith Wiebe of the International Food Policy Research Institute. But it also means prices will go up — which could be devastating for nations that are already facing widespread hunger. “For people in poorer countries, where they spend half of their total expenditures on food, and half of those expenditures are on just the basics — maize meal or cassava flour — even a small change in something like that has a huge impact,” says Wiebe. “They’re already scraping by, and trading off between food and school books and health care.” The key is learning how to adapt. Researchers are breeding climate-resistant crops — building DNA libraries and reviving old, wild strains — and working to insure farmers financially against increasingly variable growing seasons. “It’s a race between innovation and the impacts of climate,” says Wiebe. “The entire history of agriculture is based on experience with relatively stable temperatures. And we’re going to move beyond that in the next decades.” Here are 11 foods, from beloved regional favorites to essential staples, that are already being affected by climate change in their cultivation methods, quality, and survival. Accounting for 20 percent of all calories consumed by people — and 100 percent of all comfort food — wheat is threatened by drought and rising carbon-dioxide levels. Researchers project that even if we stop global temperatures from rising 2 C, the wheat-growing areas affected by drought will double in the next 20 to 50 years. Rising CO2 levels may offset some of that by fueling photosynthesis and increasing yield, but a recent study suggested rising CO2 will also strip significant amounts of nutrients from wheat and other plants like barley, potatoes, and rice. Small open-water fish like sardines, herring, and anchovies are among the most “climate friendly” fish to catch, requiring by far the least amount of boat fuel to gather. But rising ocean temperatures are deadly to sardine larvae, and the species depends on plankton for food, which is becoming scarcer in some parts of the world due to increasingly variable wind patterns. An 87 percent collapse of sardine fisheries in the Southern Caribbean over the course of a decade was attributed largely to climate change, with overfishing contributing as well. At the same time, research suggests sardine populations in the Pacific Ocean will travel north to cooler waters over the next 60 years, reducing stock in current California fishing ports by 20 to 50 percent. California grows about 80 percent of the world’s almonds. “That crop takes a ridiculously lot of water to grow,” says Goddard. “As California’s facing water shortages, this is going to be a problem.” In addition to rainfall, California farmers rely on snowmelt from the Sierra Nevada mountains flowing into the state’s irrigation canals. As less snow accumulates and melts earlier because of climate change, thirsty crops like almonds are likely to be especially affected by the late-season water shortage. Researchers are studying whether the almond industry could eventually shift north into Oregon and Washington, which by 2050 may be warm enough to support the crop. About 10,000 years ago, we started domesticating chickpeas. It helped make the legume what it is today — the primary source of protein for some 20 percent of the world. But it also robbed it of its genetic diversity, which has made it harder for the plant to adapt to climate change. It’s particularly vulnerable to drought, which can decimate half of a crop, and disease, which can wipe a crop out entirely. To keep chickpeas thriving, researchers have collected seeds and DNA from the domesticated chickpea’s heartier, wild counterparts in Turkey and Kurdistan, hoping to breed a plant that is more resistant to drought, extreme heat, and pests. Considered the canary in the agricultural coal mine, wine grapes require hyperspecific climates to produce wines with sugar, acid, and tannins balanced exactly right. Already, growers are entering regions that were once too cold for the crop and seeking higher altitudes for more consistent temperatures. Drought, floods, hail, fires, and unpredictable rains and freezes threaten to decimate yields. In 2020, smoke damage from the worst wildfire season in modern California history ruined 13 percent of the state’s wine-grape crop. A recent study predicted that if global temperatures rise by 2 C, suitable wine-grape regions could shrink by as much as 56 percent by the end of the century. Diversifying varietals could offset some of that loss, but that will mean the end of generations of growing certain grapes in certain regions in favor of those more suited to climate change. Indigenous peoples in the Northeast United States have used this winter-hardy crop in their foods and medicines for thousands of years. In Massachusetts, which produces about a quarter of the country’s cranberry crop, the industry is worth $1 billion and employs 7,000 farmers. But the plants, many of which are more than 100 years old, grow in ancient bogs that fall prey to erratic rainfall and drought. And in heat waves, cranberries can suffer from a condition called “scald,” where the fruit cooks on the vine because it can’t cool itself. Baby shellfish like oysters and scallops start building their shells when they’re somewhere between the size of a speck of dust and a lentil, filtering calcium and carbonate from ocean waters to construct their protective layers. But as the oceans’ acidity increases due to the rising CO2 levels, the number of carbonate ions in the water declines. Unable to build their shells, the shellfish die or grow more slowly, making them more vulnerable to predators. One report estimated that with scallops, ocean acidification could reduce the population by as much as 50 percent in just a few decades. In winter, when hardy fruit trees like peaches and cherries are dormant, they need to experience a certain number of “chilling hours” — where temperatures remain between freezing and 45 degrees — for the fruit to reliably form. A study found that between 1950 and 2000, yearly chilling hours decreased by as much as 30 percent in some parts of California. But there is hope: In 2020, the USDA released three new peach varieties bred to survive shorter, warmer winters. Corn is the most vital crop in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, and it’s the largest grown in the United States. But the grain is sensitive to rising temperatures and dwindling rainfall, so healthy crops can be taken out in one fell swoop by an ill-timed drought. “Even in developed countries like the United States or Brazil, you have these wonderful crops, growing great, and then right when the crop starts to flower—which is critical—you get a drought, and the whole crop goes down the drain,” says Walter Baethgen, senior research scientist for the International Research Institute for Climate and Society at Columbia University. Tith the constant threat that crops could be wiped out at any moment, it could become financially impossible for small corn farmers to sustain their farms. And even when crops survive, the changing climate is expected to reduce corn’s growth rate: a global temperature rise of just 1 degree Celsius would slow the rate by 7 percent. Higher temperatures, more intense rain, and persistent humidity have made coffee plantations hospitable hosts for the “coffee leaf rust” fungus. Dusting coffee leaves with rust-colored spores, they feed off the plant, spreading from tree to tree and making it impossible for the plants to photosynthesize or produce the prized coffee berries. From 2012 to 2017, coffee rust forced almost 2 million farmers off their land. One study estimates that because of global warming, we could lose 50 percent of the land suitable to grow coffee by 2050. Rice production is fundamental to global food security: It’s a staple for more than half the world’s population, nearly a billion of whom suffer from chronic hunger. The crop thrives in wetlands — making it especially susceptible to droughts or unpredictable rainfall. But the biggest enemy may be rising sea levels. In Bangladesh, coastal flooding is literally salting the earth, making it impossible to cultivate the rice fields. According to one study, 200,000 coastal farmers will likely be forced out by rising tides in the next 120 years. Wealthier farmers have begun farming shrimp where they once grew rice, but 80 percent of the world’s rice is produced by small-scale farmers without the resources to make that change. Instead, many are expected to migrate inland, where there’s good news: researchers are isolating breeds that are drought- and flood-tolerant, to adapt to changing weather patterns.

agronomy

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Diabetics and calorie counters rejoice! According to a recent article in Science News, researchers have developed a low-sugar alternative to the standard U.S. supermarket watermelon. Melon geneticist Angela Davis of the U.S. Agricultural Research Service - and her team - produced two lines of fruit whose seeds now uniformly grow into pink, low-sugar melons. And if a series of tastes tests encompassing more than 170 youth and adults is any indication, the melon could be a huge hit with people following restricted sugar or low-carbohydrate diets. As background, domesticated watermelons tend to be so sweet, they are typically off-limits to most of the nation's 20 million people with diabetes. The individuals involved in the taste test process were offered two types of watermelon - the conventional supermarket variety and a low-sugar version sweetened with sucralose. Researchers report the majority preferred their melon with sucralose. The Oklahoma team will now turn its experimental melons over to seed companies.

agronomy

https://workthatreconnects.org/event/lammas-lughnasad-festival/

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Lammas/Lughnasad is one of the four “Greater Sabbats,” which makes it one of the most important days on the Wheel of the Year. It is the cross-quarter day between the Summer Solstice and the Autumn Equinox, and it marks the beginning of the harvest season. Traditionally the peak of summer heat, the first hints of Autumn also start to show themselves—the first grains are ready for harvest, the trees begin dropping their fruits, and daylight slowly starts to shrink. It is a time to give thanks for the abundance of the past growing season and to look forward to the remaining weeks of light and warmth as we continue reaping what we have sown. Lammas rituals are related to harvest and gratitude, and acknowledging and celebrating what has unfolded so far during the course of the year. In our Wheel of the Year Workshops, we combine the power of the Work that Reconnects with where we are in the wheel of the year (in the Northern Hemisphere).

agronomy

https://hussaranch.com/more-about-our-sheep

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Katahdin sheep are a unique and fascinating breed that originated in Maine, USA. They are known for their hardiness, versatility, and ease of care, making them a popular choice among farmers and homesteaders alike. Unlike traditional wool sheep breeds, Katahdin sheep do not require shearing as they shed their wool naturally. This makes them a low-maintenance option for farmers (like us) who do not have the time or resources to shear their sheep regularly. In addition to their ease of care, Katahdin sheep are known for their excellent meat quality. Their meat is lean, tender, and has a mild flavor that appeals to a wide range of tastes. Katahdin sheep are also highly adaptable to a variety of environments and climates, making them an excellent choice us given our cold, harsh winters and dry summer. They are well-suited for grazing on pasture, but they can also thrive on a diet of hay and concentrates. Dorper sheep are a hardy and adaptable breed that originated in South Africa in the 1930s. They were developed by crossing the Dorset Horn and Blackhead Persian breeds to create a sheep that was well-suited to the harsh and arid conditions of the South African landscape. One of the defining characteristics of the Dorper sheep breed is their unique shedding ability. Dorper sheep have a short, slick coat that sheds naturally. In addition to their shedding ability, Dorper sheep are known for their excellent meat quality and increasing the growth rate of lambs when cross bred. Their meat is tender, flavorful, and has a high yield, making them a popular choice for meat production programs. Dorper sheep are highly adaptable to a variety of environments and climates and parasite resistant. They are well-suited for grazing on pasture, but they can also thrive on a diet of hay or other forages. They tolerate both hot and cold temperatures, making them a versatile and safe choice. Overall, we were looking for a low-maintenance, adaptable, and high-quality meat-producing sheep. With their unique characteristics and adaptability, the Dorper were a natural fit for us to introduce into our breeding program. Icelandic sheep are a unique and ancient breed that is highly valued for its meat, wool, and milk. One of the defining characteristics of Icelandic sheep is their lean, tender, and flavorful meat, which is considered a gourmet delicacy by many. Icelandic sheep meat is known for its exceptional flavor, which is attributed to the breed's unique genetics and natural diet. Icelandic sheep are raised on grass and other forages, which gives their meat a distinct and delicious taste. Their meat is also low in fat and high in protein, making it a healthy choice for those who are conscious of their diet. In addition to their excellent meat quality, Icelandic sheep are also highly prized for their wool, which is versatile and can be used for a wide range of products. Their milk is also rich and flavorful, making it a great choice for dairy production. Overall, Icelandic sheep are a unique and valuable breed that offers a range of benefits for farmers and consumers alike. Whether you are interested in meat, wool, or dairy production, or are simply looking for a delicious and nutritious meat option, Icelandic sheep are a great choice. Work in progress

agronomy

https://healthykidshpe.ca/good-food-box-gets-much-needed-boost/

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The Healthy Kids Community Challenge Hastings & Prince Edward has purchased 1200 new blue bins from a local supplier for the Community Development Council of Quinte (CDC Quinte), to be used for the local Good Food Box program. The Good Food Box program is a bulk food buying program that offers fresh produce at a fraction of the retail price. The fresh produce is delivered to community depots throughout Hastings and Prince Edward Counties. The Healthy Kids Community Challenge Hastings & Prince Edward bought the bins as part of the Healthy Kids Community Challenge Theme 3 Choose to Boost Veggies and Fruit. The Good Food Box program was looking for ways to support an increase in the program uptake. “These new bins will increase the capacity of the delivery truck by at least 30 percent because they allow for more efficient packing without compromising the integrity of the vegetables and fruit,” says Jim Mallabar, the local Good Food Box Coordinator. By increasing the capacity of the delivery truck, more good food boxes can be offered to community members without an increase to the program’s transportation costs. This will allow the program to continue to grow for the next few years. Choose to Boost Veggies and Fruit theme is all about increasing the daily servings of vegetables and fruit for children and their families. Only one in ten Canadian youth are meeting the five servings of vegetables and fruit they should be eating everyday. The Good Food Box program is a valuable community resource to have fresh produce available at affordable prices. The local Good Food Box program is over 20 years old and continues to grow. The CDC Quinte estimates the program started packing and delivering about 75 boxes each month. As of 2017, they are averaging 1200 boxes every month. The program offers a $15 large good food box for three or more people, a $10 small good food box for one to two people and a $5 fruit bag. These are ordered and delivered once every month and available from sixteen depots throughout Hastings and Prince Edward Counties. The CDC Quinte also offers Community Gardens, Community Kitchens and monthly Good Food Markets to help increase access to fresh produce throughout our communities. For information about the Good Food Box or the other programs run by the CDC Quinte please visit www.cdcquinte.com. For more information about the Healthy Kids Community Challenge, please visit www.healthykidsHPE.ca. Jim Mallabar (right), Good Food Box Coordinator, and a long-time volunteer Norm Culley (left) pack the new Good Food Box bins for the monthly delivery.

agronomy

https://www.baristainsights.com/the-importance-of-specialty-coffee-a-journey-of-taste-and-sustainability/

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As the world’s most popular beverage, coffee takes many forms. From instant coffee packets to exotic, rare blends, there’s something for everyone. But among the broad spectrum of beans and brews, one type stands out: specialty coffee. This unique subset of the coffee industry emphasizes quality, sustainability, and flavor profiles that can delight even the most discerning coffee drinkers. Table of Contents What is Specialty Coffee? Before we delve into its significance, let’s understand what specialty coffee is. The Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) grades coffee on a 100-point scale. Those scoring 80 points or above are termed ‘specialty coffee.’ These beans are grown in ideal climates and are carefully harvested to yield a distinctive flavor profile. The Importance of Specialty Coffee Elevating Your Coffee Experience Specialty coffee is about an enhanced experience, akin to wine tasting. It’s not just a caffeine kick but an exploration of nuanced flavors. The taste is affected by a multitude of factors: the coffee variety, the region it’s grown in, the altitude, and the processing method. A cup of specialty coffee can contain notes of anything from berries and citrus fruits to chocolate and spices. Ensuring Quality and Traceability Because specialty coffee must meet stringent quality standards, it guarantees a high-quality cup every time. This attention to quality extends beyond taste; it also ensures traceability. Most specialty coffee roasters provide information about the origin of their beans, the farmer who grew them, and even the altitude at which they were cultivated. This traceability establishes a direct connection between the consumer and the farmer, fostering a sense of trust and authenticity in the coffee experience. Promoting Sustainable Practices Specialty coffee promotes sustainability within the coffee industry. Many farmers growing specialty coffee employ shade-grown farming techniques, which can be better for the environment. They often refrain from using harmful chemicals and pesticides, instead opting for natural, environmentally friendly alternatives. Moreover, specialty coffee encourages practices like direct trade, ensuring fair pay and working conditions for coffee growers. This focus on fair trade not only helps improve the livelihood of farmers but also promotes sustainability by providing them with the necessary resources to maintain environmentally friendly farming practices. Enhancing Community and Culture Specialty coffee cultivates a sense of community and fosters a culture of appreciating fine quality. Coffee shops serving specialty coffee often provide a welcoming atmosphere for consumers to not just consume but learn about the coffee. Baristas in these establishments are more than just employees; they are skilled craftsmen who take pride in their brews. In summary, the specialty coffee movement is about more than just superior taste. It’s a holistic approach to coffee that prioritizes quality, sustainability, fair trade, and community. By choosing specialty coffee, consumers support a chain that begins with the farmers who cultivate the beans and ends with the steaming cup of unique flavors that they savor. Specialty coffee is not just a choice; it is a conscious decision to endorse a more ethical and sustainable coffee industry. So, the next time you have your coffee, consider specialty coffee. You’ll be indulging in a richer experience while contributing to a better world.

agronomy

https://hopeforpastorswives.com/2017/11/dear-pastors-wife-truth-transplanting/

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Dear Pastor’s Wife, We’re raking leaves a lot around here. You, too? It seems like as soon as I get a pile raked up, our puppy crashes through it and my work is not as finished as I thought. 🙂 The other day as I was raking, my daughter rambled over to our garden. Now, you should know that our garden is long finished in terms of harvesting- except for the fact that when we vacated the soil, our farmer neighbor planted some beautiful collards. Because the collards were safely dwelling under the care of another, I haven’t visited the garden or even looked out my window at it since early August. That’s when the farmer plowed it under and re-tilled it to get the soil ready for the collards. So imagine my surprise when my Tiny Daughter shouted with glee from the garden, “Mommy! Come see!” I looked up from my newly destroyed pile of leaves, and even before she told me what she was so excited about, I saw them: sunflowers. Blooming. Wait, what?! I walked over to see what this was all about. And I saw small sunflower plants, less than two feet high, scattered around the garden- a second crop blooming. And loaded with more buds- the promise of flowers to come. Walking down the aisle of the garden, I saw a short row of small corn plants, also a second crop. And- an ear of corn that was tasseling! Another thing I noticed was that the collards were weed free. This is the height of unfairness, I say, considering my weeding saga of summertime. But I digress… The thing that struck me was that I had not planted this second crop of corn and sunflowers. Whether it be from birds or from seeds that remained and germinated after the soil was turned- this garden was making a another attempt at producing- and it was from what I had planted. Well, my mind immediately went to the parallels in ministry. The soil is your church. You prepare soil, you plant, you weed, you tend, you feed, you water, and you wait expectantly for a harvest. Some of us reap more than others in our ministries. Sometimes it’s a bad year and we work a lot for not much fruit. Sometimes it’s a bad 5 or 10 years. When our time has ended in that particular area, we leave our garden and go to another one that God has ready for us. We don’t look back at the former garden too much, especially not at first. Just like the farmer in my case, another pastor comes in and begins to plant in the soil where you worked so hard and long. His plants are beautiful, and it seems the weeds are few. Time goes by. And then- Sometimes you hear of the death or destruction of some of your plants, or even of the soil itself. But other times you hear of new growth, a blooming where you thought it had ceased. Sure enough, what you planted there is still bringing forth fruit…or maybe, finally bringing forth fruit. For what you do see and hear of, there is much more that will always be hidden. Your toil in that soil has not gone unnoticed by the Master Gardener- you can be sure of that. But- yet another strange thing happens during your exit and after you leave that soil and move to new soil. This is called transplanting, and what do you discover but that in your new soil, you have brought some of the old along with you? When a plant is transplanted, it is always done so with a dirt ball kept around the roots. Never do we shake the roots clean- that would prove fatal to the plants in most cases. Shocking at best. No, we carefully dig up a shovel full of dirt and move it to the new place, forever integrating the old soil with the new, and the new with the old. The old soil is always part of the new place of growth. It is humanly impossible to separate them. So, what if those sunflowers and corn aren’t the only thing still growing after I’m finished in the garden? What if YOU and I are still growing- as a result of that old soil? This rather reminds me of last week’s letter about the value of a permanent marker. But now we are taking it a step further. Not only have we been marked by those people and those places, but we have their lives and that place integrated into the very fabric of our being. When we transplant, we take them with us in the form of eternal lessons and wisdom gained and shaping influences (whether positive or negative- but all for His good and ours, too) that have become a permanent part of us. Oh friend….when you transplant, don’t shake the dirt off your roots. In fact, maybe gather a little more around them. You’ll need it- more than you know- in order to start growing in the new place. Just as the root bound tendencies of plants long bound in a pot have to be cut to allow it to expand in it’s new environment, your transplant may be a painful one as you tear your roots away from one place and sink them into a new place. And this is ministry- soil on soil, roots in soil, soil turning, seeds sprouting, leaves shooting, buds blooming, fruit bursting (or not). And repeat. For as long as you both shall live. “Those who are planted in the house of the LORD shall flourish in the courts of our God. They shall still bring forth fruit in old age; they shall be fat and flourishing, To declare that the LORD is upright; He is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in Him.” Psalm 92:13-15 The ways of the Master Gardener are simply magnificent, don’t you think? You can rest in His good ways today. A Kindred Spirit

agronomy

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I do like to try new fruit and vegetables and as I was browsing the suttons.co.uk seed catalogue earlier this year I came across the James Wong Range and these Cucamelon seeds. I remember seeing these growing in the “wild” where I grew up in Port Orange, Florida. We just thought they were weeds and used pick the little melons and throw them at each other. No one was ever brave enough to eat one, not even on a dare. It’s was probably too late in the year to plant them but I did sow 3 seeds just to see what might happen. I don’t even know if we will like them. So far they have required very little maintenance and I now have 3 plants that are covered in little melons. I have high hopes that they will be nice since the plan is to have these to snack on like grapes. I planted these on July 30th in pots of compost and placed them in my office window. It’s now October and they are happily growing away. Next year I will start them off earlier and grow them in the polytunnel as well. I hope that some of the melons on the vine will fill out and ripen . I’ll let you know what happens.

agronomy

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Dr. Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan, the eminent agricultural scientist renowned as the ‘Father of India’s Green Revolution,’ breathed his last in Chennai at the age of 98. His pioneering work in agriculture, particularly the development of high-yielding crop varieties, has left an indelible mark on India’s farming landscape. Agricultural Pioneer Who Nurtured India’s Green Revolution Dr. Swaminathan commenced his career in 1949 with research on crop genetics, delving into essential crops like wheat, rice, potato, and jute. However, it was during a period of impending famine that his work would become truly transformative. Collaborating with fellow scientist Norman Borlaug and other experts, he played a central role in crafting high-yield crop varieties that sparked the ‘Green Revolution.’ This agricultural transformation significantly increased crop productivity through advanced chemical and biological technologies. Awards and Legacy Dr. Swaminathan’s profound contributions were globally recognized, earning him the World Food Prize in 1987. He later established the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation in Chennai to continue his mission of advancing agricultural research. His illustrious career garnered him numerous honors, including the Ramon Magsaysay Award (1971), the Albert Einstein World Science Award (1986), and India’s prestigious Padma awards. He also held key administrative positions in agricultural research, leaving an enduring legacy that continues to benefit Indian farmers. Dr. M.S. Swaminathan’s visionary work forever transformed India’s agriculture, ensuring food security and prosperity for countless farmers. As the nation mourns his passing, his legacy endures in the bountiful harvests and thriving agricultural practices that have become synonymous with his name. His life is a testament to the boundless possibilities that science, dedication, and compassion hold for the betterment of society.

agronomy

http://www.moon-catchin.net/water-plants-through-drip-irrigation/

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Watering your plants is an important task that you should do to make sure that your plants survive. There are several ways on how you can effectively and efficiently water your garden and one of them is through drip irrigation. This kind of watering system lets you save on the water that you use as well as your time in manually watering the plants. The drip irrigation is an effective way to direct the water into the area where the roots of your plants are. The water is delivered in such a way that the soil can let it seep through slowly so that there is no water that is wasted through running off or evaporation. With a slow and steady pace of introducing water to the soil, the soil is able to absorb the water more effectively so that the roots of the plants can get to it when needed. The great thing about the drip irrigation system is its ability to target exactly the plant that you want to water. This helps make sure that the water is not wasted on other weeds that may grow near your plants. This kind of system is part of the hozelock options that you can select from. It is made to help even the busiest of gardeners to make sure that their plants are still properly watered even in their absence. With the drip system, gardeners wouldn’t need to haul their hoses or drag their sprinklers into place just to be able to water all their plants. Many of the drip irrigation systems are fully automated. You can set when it should start, how long it waters the plants and the interval between each watering session. For some systems, it is still required to manually start the system but it will automatically turn off after the set time or volume of water used. Faster And Better Growth Of Plants The plants that are watered in this way are able to grow more quickly than the others because their need for water is always met. They do not experience any water stress that can cause their growth to stop. With this kind of irrigation, you can also prevent the growth of mildew on the plants because they wouldn’t become wet. Starting Your Drip Irrigation System The first step that you need to go through when starting your own drip irrigation system is to determine where to place it or where you want to use it. You can decide to make use of this for just a part of your garden or for your whole garden. You should also take a look at the topography of your garden before starting with it. For flat gardens, it would be easier because you don’t need to adjust or make use of emitters that would help in the changes of the pressure in your system. You have to remember that the roots of your plants will follow where the water is. Therefore, it is important to make sure that you balance or uniformly spread the emitters on different sides of the plants especially if you are watering larger trees or shrubs.

agronomy

https://thesciencesays.wordpress.com/2010/09/21/ethanol-from-willow-trees-%E2%80%93-is-it-worth-it/

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The current obsession with ‘carbon neutral’ – in many ways a very good one – has meant that people are very keen to label things carbon neutral when in fact they are nothing of the sort. Biofuels is a prime example. If you look at it simply – you burn a tree and release carbon but, through photosynthesis, it took in that much carbon while it was growing. However, a whole lifecycle analysis is needed to understand how sustainable these crops are. This takes into account emissions from transportation, inputs such as fertiliser, and the disposal of waste products. Cambridge scientists did this analysis for the production of bioethanol from willow in the UK. Their results showed that bioethanol from willow would produce over 80% less greenhouse gas than burning gasoline from fossil fuels. These savings are much greater than the ‘first-generation biofuels’ that have been grown in the US and come from crops such as corn. They make ethanol from willow seem like an appealing option. A major advantage of willow over first-generation biofuels is that it can be grown on marginal land. It even improves the soil quality; willows are coppiced so only replanted every 30 years. The soil isn’t ploughed in this time so any carbon that the tree sequesters in the soil remains there. However, it’s not yet economically viable. A high capital investment is needed, and the provision of the willows themselves and enzymes needed to make the ethanol are expensive. The study suggests that selective breeding can help change this. The significant genetic diversity of willows can be exploited through breeding to make them even more suitable for biofuels use. For example, a higher ratio of cellulose to lignin would increase the yield of ethanol. A.L. Stephenson, P. Dupree, S.A. Scott and J.S. Dennis (2010) The environmental and economic sustainability of potential bioethanol from willow in the UK. Bioresource Technology 101, 9612-9623 I think this research again highlights the point that has come up in our discussion of GM crops – just because some of the earlier biofuels ideas using food crops turned out to be a bad idea, it doesn’t mean that there’s no potential for biofuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

agronomy

https://shop.agrisicilia.eu/en/product/marmalade-organic-bergamot-360-g/

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AgriSicilia offers an organic Bergamot Marmalade as good as few, with a citrus flavor and unmistakable smell. This product, enriched with BIO brown sugar, is perfect for a healthy and nutritious breakfast. In addition, it is available in convenient 360-gram jars. Bergamot is the main ingredient, known for its relaxing scent and positive health effects: this good fruit is rich in vitamins and also has numerous antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Organic Bergamot Marmalade in Brief Ingredients: Cane sugar BIO, Bergamot BIO with peels; gelling agent: fruit pectin; acidifier: citric acid. Fruit used in the product: 45g per 100g. Net weight: 360 g. Storage: Keep at room temperature. After opening, store the product at temperatures within 4 degrees and consume within 14 days. Taste, Appearance and Smell: Intense yellow in color, the citrus note is persistent and fresh and is matched by an unmistakable fragrance. Suggestions for use: This organic bergamot marmalade is ideal for breakfast. Also perfect for spreading on bread or rusks, possibly even with a layer of butter to break up the intense flavor.

agronomy

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Large 6mm S Hooks have now been added to our growing range of handmade products. Ideal for the greenhouse, garage, workshops and hanging baskets. We have also supplied retails outlets as a different way to hang items. Made from 6mm round steel. Approximately 150mm high and 70mm across. Steel will rust if not protected. Available in pack sizes 10,25 & 50s. Other sizes on request. Why not visit our blog.

agronomy

http://www.bhavyaagro.com/

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Bhavya Agro & Steel embraces a broad range of Agro Products. It includes a comprehensive range of tools & essential equipments used boradly in agricultural industry such as Bullock Cart Wheel, Nagar Bhala, Cultivator, Plough, Tiphan, Rotavator and many more. The term 'agro' has came up from the Greek word 'agros' that has defined to its current usage meaning anything related to the 'agricultural' category. We have gained a distinct position as amongst the most preferred agro products manufacturers, traders and suppliers in Maharashtra, India. Agro products are the basic necessity to survive life force, the only source of survival for the human life. Not only in India, but the major chunk of the world population is depends on agriculture as their source of survival. An approximate around 36% of the world's population are engaged in agriculture with India's 65% of the population being directly and indirectly connected with this industry. People can avail a huge variety of agro products as per the emerging trend of modern industry. Our Nagpur based sound infrastructural facilities and immense experience facilitate us in offering our clients with an unmatched quality agro products range that can also be availed with tailor made facilities at market reputed agro products manufacturer and supplier unit in Maharashtra, India. We design and develop our range of agro products using high-tech tools and equipments that allow us to cater the customer's specific requirements within the stipulated time frame. As a prompt growing agro products manufacturer, we are empowered with the industrial experts professionals and sound infrastructural facilities that ensures our complete range is adhering to industrial norms and quality standards.

agronomy