id
stringlengths 9
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stringlengths 67
2.61k
| cats
list | primary
stringlengths 5
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stringlengths 0
18
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stringlengths 5
315
| stratlabel
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classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1903.01109
|
We study the class of Uglov bipartitions and prove a generalization of a
conjecture by Dipper, James and Murphy. We give two consequences concerning the
computation of canonical bases in affine type A and the description of
decomposition matrices for Hecke algebras of type Bn in arbitrary
characteristic.
|
[
"math.RT",
"math.CO"
] |
math.RT
|
math.CO
|
Representation Theory;Combinatorics
| 6,236Representation Theory;Combinatorics
|
2211.04071
|
Packet loss concealment (PLC) is a tool for enhancing speech degradation
caused by poor network conditions or underflow/overflow in audio processing
pipelines. We propose a real-time recurrent method that leverages previous
outputs to mitigate artefact of lost packets without the prior knowledge of
loss mask. The proposed full-band recurrent network (FRN) model operates at 48
kHz, which is suitable for high-quality telecommunication applications.
Experiment results highlight the superiority of FRN over an offline non-causal
baseline and a top performer in a recent PLC challenge.
|
[
"cs.SD",
"eess.AS"
] |
cs.SD
|
eess.AS
|
Sound;Audio and Speech Processing
| 6,734Sound;Audio and Speech Processing
|
2012.10004
|
Entity resolution targets at identifying records that represent the same
real-world entity from one or more datasets. A major challenge in
learning-based entity resolution is how to reduce the label cost for training.
Due to the quadratic nature of record pair comparison, labeling is a costly
task that often requires a significant effort from human experts. Inspired by
recent advances of generative adversarial network (GAN), we propose a novel
deep learning method, called ErGAN, to address the challenge. ErGAN consists of
two key components: a label generator and a discriminator which are optimized
alternatively through adversarial learning. To alleviate the issues of
overfitting and highly imbalanced distribution, we design two novel modules for
diversity and propagation, which can greatly improve the model generalization
power. We have conducted extensive experiments to empirically verify the
labeling and learning efficiency of ErGAN. The experimental results show that
ErGAN beats the state-of-the-art baselines, including unsupervised,
semi-supervised, and unsupervised learning methods.
|
[
"cs.LG",
"cs.DB"
] |
cs.LG
|
cs.DB
|
Machine Learning;Databases
| 4,105Machine Learning;Databases
|
2309.04137
|
We report the discovery of two mini-Neptunes in near 2:1 resonance orbits
($P=7.610303$ d for HIP 113103 b and $P=14.245651$ d for HIP 113103 c) around
the adolescent K-star HIP 113103 (TIC 121490076). The planet system was first
identified from the TESS mission, and was confirmed via additional photometric
and spectroscopic observations, including a $\sim$17.5 hour observation for the
transits of both planets using ESA CHEOPS. We place $\leq4.5$ min and $\leq2.5$
min limits on the absence of transit timing variations over the three year
photometric baseline, allowing further constraints on the orbital
eccentricities of the system beyond that available from the photometric transit
duration alone. With a planetary radius of
$R_{p}=1.829^{+0.096}_{-0.067}\,R_{\oplus}$, HIP 113103 b resides within the
radius gap, and this might provide invaluable information on the formation
disparities between super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. Given the larger radius
$R_{p}=2.40^{+0.10}_{-0.08}\,R_{\oplus}$ for HIP 113103 c, and close proximity
of both planets to HIP 113103, it is likely that HIP 113103 b might have lost
(or is still losing) its primordial atmosphere. We therefore present simulated
atmospheric transmission spectra of both planets using JWST, HST, and Twinkle.
It demonstrates a potential metallicity difference (due to differences in their
evolution) would be a challenge to detect if the atmospheres are in chemical
equilibrium. As one of the brightest multi sub-Neptune planet systems suitable
for atmosphere follow up, HIP 113103 b and HIP 113103 c could provide insight
on planetary evolution for the sub-Neptune K-star population.
|
[
"astro-ph.EP"
] |
astro-ph.EP
|
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
| 2,351Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
|
|
2302.04631
|
We show by (counter)example that the intersection of complemented submodules
in a Hilbert $C^*$-module is not necessarily complemented, answering an open
question from [MR].
|
[
"math.OA",
"math.FA"
] |
math.OA
|
math.FA
|
Operator Algebras;Functional Analysis
| 5,121Operator Algebras;Functional Analysis
|
1010.5282
|
In whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators light is guided by continuous
total internal reflection along a curved surface. Fabricating such resonators
from an optically nonlinear material one takes advantage of their exceptionally
high quality factors and small mode volumes to achieve extremely efficient
optical frequency conversion. Our analysis of the phase matching conditions for
optical parametric down conversion (PDC) in a spherical WGM resonator shows
their direct relation to the sum rules for photons' angular momenta and
predicts a very low parametric oscillations threshold. We realized such an
optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on naturally phase-matched PDC in
Lithium Niobate. We demonstrated a single-mode, strongly non-degenerate OPO
with a threshold of 6.7 micro-W and linewidth under 10 MHz. This work
demonstrates the remarkable capabilities of WGM-based OPOs and opens the
perspectives for their applications in quantum and nonlinear optics,
particularly for the generation of squeezed light.
|
[
"physics.optics"
] |
physics.optics
|
Optics
| 5,146Optics
|
|
1808.00278
|
In this work, we study the 1-bit convolutional neural networks (CNNs), of
which both the weights and activations are binary. While being efficient, the
classification accuracy of the current 1-bit CNNs is much worse compared to
their counterpart real-valued CNN models on the large-scale dataset, like
ImageNet. To minimize the performance gap between the 1-bit and real-valued CNN
models, we propose a novel model, dubbed Bi-Real net, which connects the real
activations (after the 1-bit convolution and/or BatchNorm layer, before the
sign function) to activations of the consecutive block, through an identity
shortcut. Consequently, compared to the standard 1-bit CNN, the
representational capability of the Bi-Real net is significantly enhanced and
the additional cost on computation is negligible. Moreover, we develop a
specific training algorithm including three technical novelties for 1- bit
CNNs. Firstly, we derive a tight approximation to the derivative of the
non-differentiable sign function with respect to activation. Secondly, we
propose a magnitude-aware gradient with respect to the weight for updating the
weight parameters. Thirdly, we pre-train the real-valued CNN model with a clip
function, rather than the ReLU function, to better initialize the Bi-Real net.
Experiments on ImageNet show that the Bi-Real net with the proposed training
algorithm achieves 56.4% and 62.2% top-1 accuracy with 18 layers and 34 layers,
respectively. Compared to the state-of-the-arts (e.g., XNOR Net), Bi-Real net
achieves up to 10% higher top-1 accuracy with more memory saving and lower
computational cost. Keywords: binary neural network, 1-bit CNNs,
1-layer-per-block
|
[
"cs.CV"
] |
cs.CV
|
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
| 1,498Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
|
|
0801.0811
|
The 6dF Galaxy Survey provides a very large sample of galaxies with reliable
measurements of Lick line indices and velocity dispersions. This sample can be
used to explore the correlations between mass and stellar population parameters
such as age, metallicity and [alpha/Fe]. Preliminary results from such an
analysis are presented here, and show that age and metallicity are
significantly anti-correlated for both passive and star-forming galaxies.
Passive galaxies have strong correlations between mass and metallicity and
between age and alpha-element over-abundance, which combine to produce a
downsizing relation between age and mass. For old passive galaxies, the
different trends of M/L with mass and luminosity in different passbands result
from the differential effect of the mass-metallicity relation on the
luminosities in each passband. Future work with this sample will examine the
Fundamental Plane of bulge-dominated galaxies and the influence of environment
on relations between stellar population parameters and mass.
|
[
"astro-ph"
] |
astro-ph
|
Astrophysics
| 463Astrophysics
|
|
1504.02177
|
Strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of the two-dimensional electron gas
(2DEG) at the oxide interface $\mathrm{LaAlO_{3}/SrTiO_{3}}$ underlies a
variety of exotic physics, but its nature is still under debate. We derive an
effective Hamiltonian for the 2DEG at the oxide interface
$\mathrm{LaAlO_{3}/SrTiO_{3}}$ and find a different anisotropic Rashba SOC for
the $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ orbitals. This anisotropic Rashba SOC leads to
anisotropic static spin susceptibilities and also distinctive behavior of the
spin Hall conductivity. These unique spin responses may be used to determine
the nature of the Rashba SOC experimentally and shed light on the orbital
origin of the 2DEG.
|
[
"cond-mat.mes-hall"
] |
cond-mat.mes-hall
|
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
| 4,450Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
|
|
1809.04939
|
We present results obtained by a software we developed for computing
observational cosmological inflation parameters: the scalar spectral index
($n_s$) and the tensor-to-scalar ratio ($r$) for a standard single field and
tachyon inflation, as well as for a tachyon inflation in the second
Randall-Sundrum model with an additional radion field. The calculated numerical
values of observational parameters are compared with the latest results of
observations obtained by the Planck Collaboration. The program is written in
C/C++. The \textit{GNU Scientific Library} is used for some of the numerical
computations and R language is used for data analysis and plots.
|
[
"gr-qc",
"hep-th"
] |
gr-qc
|
hep-th
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Physics - Theory
| 2,746General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Physics - Theory
|
2102.03140
|
Reward-based optimization algorithms require both exploration, to find
rewards, and exploitation, to maximize performance. The need for efficient
exploration is even more significant in sparse reward settings, in which
performance feedback is given sparingly, thus rendering it unsuitable for
guiding the search process. In this work, we introduce the SparsE Reward
Exploration via Novelty and Emitters (SERENE) algorithm, capable of efficiently
exploring a search space, as well as optimizing rewards found in potentially
disparate areas. Contrary to existing emitters-based approaches, SERENE
separates the search space exploration and reward exploitation into two
alternating processes. The first process performs exploration through Novelty
Search, a divergent search algorithm. The second one exploits discovered reward
areas through emitters, i.e. local instances of population-based optimization
algorithms. A meta-scheduler allocates a global computational budget by
alternating between the two processes, ensuring the discovery and efficient
exploitation of disjoint reward areas. SERENE returns both a collection of
diverse solutions covering the search space and a collection of high-performing
solutions for each distinct reward area. We evaluate SERENE on various sparse
reward environments and show it compares favorably to existing baselines.
|
[
"cs.NE",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"cs.RO"
] |
cs.NE
|
cs.AI
|
Neural and Evolutionary Computing;Artificial Intelligence;Machine Learning;Robotics
| 4,768Neural and Evolutionary Computing;Artificial Intelligence;Machine Learning;Robotics
|
1301.1115
|
In this paper, we study two different nonlinear interpolating paths in
adiabatic evolution algorithms for solving a particular class of quantum search
problems where both the initial and final Hamiltonian are one-dimensional
projector Hamiltonians on the corresponding ground state. If the overlap
between the initial state and final state of the quantum system is not equal to
zero, both of these models can provide a constant time speedup over the usual
adiabatic algorithms by increasing some another corresponding "complexity". But
when the initial state has a zero overlap with the solution state in the
problem, the second model leads to an infinite time complexity of the algorithm
for whatever interpolating functions being applied while the first one can
still provide a constant running time. However, inspired by a related
reference, a variant of the first model can be constructed which also fails for
the problem when the overlap is exactly equal to zero if we want to make up the
"intrinsic" fault of the second model-an increase in energy. Two concrete
theorems are given to serve as explanations why neither of these two models can
improve the usual adiabatic evolution algorithms for the phenomenon above.
These just tell us what should be noted when using certain nonlinear evolution
paths in adiabatic quantum algorithms for some special kind of problems.
|
[
"quant-ph"
] |
quant-ph
|
Quantum Physics
| 5,985Quantum Physics
|
|
nucl-th/0610111
|
Relativistic constituent quark models generally describe three-quark systems
with particular interactions. The corresponding invariant mass eigenvalue
spectra and pertinent eigenstates should exhibit the multiplet structure
anticipated for baryon resonances. Taking into account the flavour content,
spin structure, and spatial distribution of the baryon wave functions together
with mass relations of the eigenvalues and decay properties of the eigenstates,
we can link the theoretical mass eigenstates with the experimentally measured
resonances. The resulting classification of baryon resonances differs in some
respects from the one suggested by the Particle Data Group. With regard to the
hadronic decay widths of light and strange baryon resonances a consistent
picture emerges only, if the classification includes two-star resonances.
|
[
"nucl-th"
] |
nucl-th
|
Nuclear Theory
| 4,876Nuclear Theory
|
|
1801.10103
|
We investigate systems of the form $\{A^tg:g\in\mathcal{G},t\in[0,L]\}$ where
$A \in B(\mathcal{H})$ is a normal operator in a separable Hilbert space
$\mathcal{H}$, $\mathcal{G}\subset \mathcal{H}$ is a countable set, and $L$ is
a positive real number. Although the main goal of this work is to study the
frame properties of $\{A^tg:g\in\mathcal{G},t\in[0,L]\}$, as intermediate
steps, we explore the completeness and Bessel properties of such systems from a
theoretical perspective, which are of interest by themselves. Beside the
theoretical appeal of investigating such systems, their connections to
dynamical and mobile sampling make them fundamental for understanding and
solving several major problems in engineering and science.
|
[
"math.FA"
] |
math.FA
|
Functional Analysis
| 2,549Functional Analysis
|
|
0903.5026
|
Equilibrium numerical data on the three dimensional bimodal interaction Ising
spin glass up to size L=48 show that corrections to scaling, which are known to
be strong, behave in a non-monotonic manner with size. Extrapolation to the
infinite size thermodynamic limit is difficult; however the large L data
indicate that the ordering temperature Tc lies significantly higher than the
values which have been estimated from previous numerical work limited to
smaller sizes. In view of the present results it is at the least premature to
conclude that the three dimensional bimodal and Gaussian Ising spin glasses lie
in the same universality class.
|
[
"cond-mat.stat-mech",
"cond-mat.dis-nn"
] |
cond-mat.stat-mech
|
cond-mat.dis-nn
|
Statistical Mechanics;Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
| 6,861Statistical Mechanics;Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
|
2204.00170
|
Most recent speech synthesis systems are composed of a synthesizer and a
vocoder. However, the existing synthesizers and vocoders can only be matched to
acoustic features extracted with a specific configuration. Hence, we can't
combine arbitrary synthesizers and vocoders together to form a complete system,
not to mention apply to a newly developed model. In this paper, we proposed
Universal Adaptor, which takes a Mel-spectrogram parametrized by the source
configuration and converts it into a Mel-spectrogram parametrized by the target
configuration, as long as we feed in the source and the target configurations.
Experiments show that the quality of speeches synthesized from our output of
Universal Adaptor is comparable to those synthesized from ground truth
Mel-spectrogram no matter in single-speaker or multi-speaker scenarios.
Moreover, Universal Adaptor can be applied in the recent TTS systems and voice
conversion systems without dropping quality.
|
[
"eess.AS",
"cs.SD"
] |
eess.AS
|
cs.SD
|
Audio and Speech Processing;Sound
| 667Audio and Speech Processing;Sound
|
1303.2446
|
In this paper, we present an approach for extending the existing concept of
nanopublications --- tiny entities of scientific results in RDF representation
--- to broaden their application range. The proposed extension uses English
sentences to represent informal and underspecified scientific claims. These
sentences follow a syntactic and semantic scheme that we call AIDA (Atomic,
Independent, Declarative, Absolute), which provides a uniform and succinct
representation of scientific assertions. Such AIDA nanopublications are
compatible with the existing nanopublication concept and enjoy most of its
advantages such as information sharing, interlinking of scientific findings,
and detailed attribution, while being more flexible and applicable to a much
wider range of scientific results. We show that users are able to create AIDA
sentences for given scientific results quickly and at high quality, and that it
is feasible to automatically extract and interlink AIDA nanopublications from
existing unstructured data sources. To demonstrate our approach, a web-based
interface is introduced, which also exemplifies the use of nanopublications for
non-scientific content, including meta-nanopublications that describe other
nanopublications.
|
[
"cs.DL",
"cs.IR"
] |
cs.DL
|
cs.IR
|
Digital Libraries;Information Retrieval
| 2,091Digital Libraries;Information Retrieval
|
1809.06111
|
In this note we comment on the homogenization of a random elliptic operator
in divergence form $-\nabla \cdot a\nabla$, where the coefficient field $a$ is
distributed according to a stationary, but not necessarily ergodic, probability
measure $P$. We generalize the well-known case for $P$ stationary and ergodic
by showing that the operator $-\nabla \cdot a(\frac{\cdot}{\varepsilon})\nabla$
almost surely homogenizes to a constant-coefficient, random operator $-\nabla
\cdot A_h\nabla$. Furthermore, we use a disintegration formula for $P$ with
respect to a family of ergodic and stationary probability measures to show that
the law of $A_h$ may be obtained by using the standard homogenization results
on each probability measure of the previous family. We finally provide a more
explicit formula for $A_h$ in the case of coefficient fields which are a
function of a stationary Gaussian field.
|
[
"math.AP"
] |
math.AP
|
Analysis of PDEs
| 205Analysis of PDEs
|
|
cond-mat/0701304
|
We have self-organized versatile magnetic nanowires, ie with variable period
and adjustable magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE). First, using the kinetic
roughening of W(110) uniaxial templates of trenches were grown on commercial
Sapphire wafers. Unlike most templates used for self-organization, those have a
variable period, 4-12nm are demonstrated here. Fe deposition then results in
the formation of wires in the trenches. The magnitude of MAE could be
engineered up or down by changing the capping- or underlayer, in turn affecting
the mean superparamagnetic temperature, raised to 175K so far.
|
[
"cond-mat.other"
] |
cond-mat.other
|
Other Condensed Matter
| 5,360Other Condensed Matter
|
|
2007.13372
|
Modern society is going through the transformation under the influence of
Information Technologies. Internet of Things as one of the latest facet of it
becoming more visible and widely spread. We wish to reflect and discuss the
current concerns regarding its expansion. Our particular interests lie in the
increasing of usability and comfortability through the unification of the IoT
protocols and security measures. As well as addressing the privacy concerns and
discussing the possible changings in the perception of privacy and personal
space concepts.
|
[
"cs.CY",
"cs.CR",
"cs.HC"
] |
cs.CY
|
cs.CR
|
Computers and Society;Cryptography and Security;Human-Computer Interaction
| 1,663Computers and Society;Cryptography and Security;Human-Computer Interaction
|
1810.02729
|
We continue the study by Melo and Winter [arXiv:1712.01763, 2017] on the
possible intersection sizes of a $k$-dimensional subspace with the vertices of
the $n$-dimensional hypercube in Euclidean space. Melo and Winter conjectured
that all intersection sizes larger than $2^{k-1}$ (the "large" sizes) are of
the form $2^{k-1}+2^i$. We show that this is almost true: the large
intersection sizes are either of this form or of the form $35\cdot 2^{k-6}$. We
also disprove a second conjecture of Melo and Winter by proving that a positive
fraction of the "small" values is missing.
|
[
"math.CO"
] |
math.CO
|
Combinatorics
| 1,014Combinatorics
|
|
1409.2208
|
The need for customizable properties in autonomous robotic platforms, such as
in-home nursing care for the elderly and parallel implementations of
human-to-machine control interfaces creates an opportunity to introduce methods
deploying commonly available mobile devices running robotic command
applications in managed code. This paper will discuss a human-to-machine
interface and demonstrate a prototype consisting of a mobile device running a
configurable application communicating with a mobile robot using a managed,
type-safe language, C#.NET, over Bluetooth.
|
[
"cs.HC",
"cs.RO"
] |
cs.HC
|
cs.RO
|
Human-Computer Interaction;Robotics
| 3,515Human-Computer Interaction;Robotics
|
2008.08583
|
Quantum quenches to or near criticality give rise to the phenomenon of
\textit{aging}, manifested by glassy-like dynamics at short times and far from
equilibrium. The recent surge of interest in the dynamics of quantum many-body
systems has rejuvenated interest in this phenomenon. Motivated by the
ubiquitous long-range interactions in emerging experimental platforms, it is
vital to study quantum aging in such settings. In this work, we investigate the
dynamical universality and aging in the $d$-dimensional $O(N)$ model with the
long-range coupling $1/x^{d+\sigma}$ and in the mean-field limit $N\to\infty$
that allows an exact treatment. An immediate consequence of long-range coupling
is the emergence of nonlinear light cones. We focus on the correlation and
response functions, and identify a rich scaling behavior depending on how the
corresponding space-time positions are located relative to each other, via a
\textit{local light cone}, and to the time of the quench via a global
\textit{quench light cone}. We determine the initial-slip exponent that governs
the short-time dependence of two-point functions. We highlight the new
qualitative features of aging due to the long-range coupling, in particular in
the region outside the light cones. As an important consequence of long-range
coupling, the correlation function decays as $1/x^{d+\sigma}$ outside the
quench light cone while increasing polynomially with the total time after
quench. This is while, for short time differences, the two-time response
function "equilibrates" at \textit{all} distances even outside this light cone.
Our analytic findings are in excellent agreement with exact numerics, and
provide a useful benchmark for modern experimental platforms with long-range
interactions.
|
[
"cond-mat.stat-mech",
"cond-mat.quant-gas",
"cond-mat.str-el",
"quant-ph"
] |
cond-mat.stat-mech
|
cond-mat.quant-gas
|
Statistical Mechanics;Quantum Gases;Strongly Correlated Electrons;Quantum Physics
| 6,953Statistical Mechanics;Quantum Gases;Strongly Correlated Electrons;Quantum Physics
|
1703.03323
|
Motivated by applications in the field of shape analysis, we study
reparametrization invariant, fractional order Sobolev-type metrics on the space
of smooth regular curves $\operatorname{Imm}(S^1,\mathbb{R}^d)$ and on its
Sobolev completions $\mathcal{I}^{q}(S^1,\mathbb{R}^{d})$. We prove local
well-posedness of the geodesic equations both on the Banach manifold
$\mathcal{I}^{q}(S^1,\mathbb{R}^{d})$ and on the Fr\'{e}chet-manifold
$\operatorname{Imm}(S^1,\mathbb{R}^d)$ provided the order of the metric is
greater or equal to one. In addition we show that the $H^s$-metric induces a
strong Riemannian metric on the Banach manifold
$\mathcal{I}^{s}(S^1,\mathbb{R}^{d})$ of the same order $s$, provided $s>\frac
32$. These investigations can be also interpreted as a generalization of the
analysis for right invariant metrics on the diffeomorphism group.
|
[
"math.AP",
"math.DG"
] |
math.AP
|
math.DG
|
Analysis of PDEs;Differential Geometry
| 224Analysis of PDEs;Differential Geometry
|
physics/0411053
|
A small fraction of ions can destabilize the diocotron mode (off axis
rotation) of an electron plasma confined in a Malmberg-Penning trap. In this
paper a set of experimental measurements performed in the ELTRAP device on the
ions induced diocotron instability is presented. In particular, the dependence
of the instability on the electron energy has been analyzed, by heating the
plasma with a RF burst or by injecting into the trap electrons with different
energies. A simple experimental technique to limit the instability is also
described.
|
[
"physics.plasm-ph"
] |
physics.plasm-ph
|
Plasma Physics
| 5,556Plasma Physics
|
|
2212.13029
|
We study the Multi-critical Point Principle (MPP) in a complex singlet scalar
extension of the Standard Model (CxSM). The MPP discussed in this study selects
model parameters so that two low-energy vacua realized by scalar fields are
degenerate. We further note that the MPP may inhibit the electroweak phase
transition (EWPT) in a certain class of models where the tree-level potential
plays an essential role in its realization. Despite that, we show that strong
first-order EWPT still occurs even after imposing the MPP to the scalar
potential of the CxSM due to the 1-loop corrections by the new scalar boson. We
study the allowed parameter space where a mass of the additional scalar is
degenerate with that of the Standard Model Higgs boson, which provides a
built-in mechanism to circumvent constraints from dark matter direct detection
experiments. The parameter space for the non-degenerate scalar scenario is also
studied for comparison.
|
[
"hep-ph"
] |
hep-ph
|
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
| 3,129High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
|
|
1805.04718
|
Here we shall show how to reconstruct the shape function of a spherically
symmetric traversable Lorenzian wormhole near its throat if one knows high
frequency quasinormal modes of the wormhole. The wormhole spacetime is given by
the Morris-Thorne ansatz. The solution to the inverse problem via fitting of
the parameters within the WKB approach is unique for arbitrary tideless
wormholes and some wormholes with non-zero tidal effects, but this is not so
for arbitrary wormholes. As examples, we reproduce the near throat geometries
of the Bronnikov-Ellis and tideless Morris-Thorne metrics by their quasinormal
modes at high multipole numbers $\ell$.
|
[
"gr-qc",
"astro-ph.HE",
"hep-th"
] |
gr-qc
|
astro-ph.HE
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena;High Energy Physics - Theory
| 2,734General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena;High Energy Physics - Theory
|
2306.05190
|
Localised transient EUV brightenings, sometimes named `campfires', occur
throughout the quiet-Sun. However, there are still many open questions about
such events, in particular regarding their temperature range and dynamics. In
this article, we aim to determine whether any transition region response can be
detected for small-scale EUV brightenings and, if so, to identify whether the
measured spectra correspond to any previously reported bursts in the transition
region, such as Explosive Events (EEs). EUV brightenings were detected in a
~29.4 minute dataset sampled by Solar Orbiter's Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on 8
March 2022 using an automated detection algorithm. Any potential transition
region response was inferred through analysis of imaging and spectral data
sampled through coordinated observations conducted by the Interface Region
Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). EUV brightenings display a range of responses in
IRIS slit-jaw imager (SJI) data. Some events have clear signatures in the Mg II
and Si IV SJI filters, whilst others have no discernible counterpart. Both
extended and more complex EUV brightenings are found to, sometimes, have
responses in IRIS SJI data. Examples of EUI intensities peaking before, during,
and after their IRIS counterparts were found in lightcurves constructed
co-spatial to EUV brightenings. Importantly, therefore, it is likely that not
all EUV brightenings are driven in the same way, with some seemingly being
magnetic reconnection driven and others not. A single EUV brightening occurred
co-spatial to the IRIS slit, with its spectra matching the properties of EEs.
EUV brightenings is a term used to describe a range of small-scale event in the
solar corona. The physics responsible for all EUV brightenings is likely not
the same and, therefore, more research is required to assess their importance
towards global questions in the field, such as coronal heating.
|
[
"astro-ph.SR"
] |
astro-ph.SR
|
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
| 6,668Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
|
|
1511.01892
|
Self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature, particularly in biology, where it
underlies the formation of protein quaternary structure and protein
aggregation. Quaternary structure assembles deterministically and performs a
wide range of important functions in the cell, whereas protein aggregation is
the hallmark of a number of diseases and represents a non-deterministic
self-assembly process. Here we build on previous work on a lattice model of
deterministic self-assembly to investigate non-deterministic self-assembly of
single lattice tiles and mixtures of two tiles at varying relative
concentrations. Despite limiting the simplicity of the model to two interface
types, which results in 13 topologically distinct single tiles and 106
topologically distinct sets of two tiles, we observe a wide variety of
concentration-dependent behaviours. Several two-tile sets display critical
behaviours in form of a sharp transition from bound to unbound structures as
the relative concentration of one tile to another increases. Other sets exhibit
gradual monotonic changes in structural density, or non-monotonic changes,
while again others show no concentration dependence at all. We catalogue this
extensive range of behaviours and present a model that provides a reasonably
good estimate of the critical concentrations for a subset of the critical
transitions. In addition we show that the structures resulting from these tile
sets are fractal, with one of two different fractal dimensions.
|
[
"cs.ET",
"cond-mat.soft"
] |
cs.ET
|
cond-mat.soft
|
Emerging Technologies;Soft Condensed Matter
| 7,267longtail
|
1505.02389
|
We construct a new 20-dimensional family of projective 6-dimensional
irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds. The elements of this family are
deformation equivalent with the Hilbert scheme of three points on a K3 surface
and are constructed as natural double covers of special codimension 3
subvarieties of the Grassmanian G(3,6). These codimension 3 subvarieties are
defined as Lagrangian degeneracy loci and their construction is parallel to
that of EPW sextics, we call them the EPW cubes. As a consequence we prove that
the moduli space of polarized IHS sixfolds of K3-type, Beauville-Bogomolov
degree 4 and divisibility 2 is unirational.
|
[
"math.AG"
] |
math.AG
|
Algebraic Geometry
| 47Algebraic Geometry
|
|
1307.8255
|
The FRI/FRII dichotomy is a much debated issue in the astrophysics of
extragalactic radio sources. Study of the properties of HYbrid MOrphology Radio
Sources (HYMORS) may bring crucial information and lead to a step forward in
understanding the origin of FRI/FRII dichotomy. HYMORS are a rare class of
double-lobed radio sources where each of the two lobes clearly exhibits a
different FR morphology. This article describes follow-up high resolution VLBA
observations of the five discovered by us HYMORS. The main aim of the
observations was to answer the questions of whether the unusual radio
morphology is connected to the orientation of objects towards the observer. We
obtained the high resolution radio maps of five hybrid radio morphology objects
with the VLBA at C-band and L-band. Two of them revealed milliarcsecond
core-jet structures, the next two objects showed hints of parsec-scale jets,
and the last one remained point-like at both frequencies. We compared
properties of observed milliarcsecond structures of hybrid sources with the
larger scale ones previously detected with the VLA. We find that on both scales
the fluxes of their central components are similar, which may indicate the lack
of additional emission in the proximity of the nucleus. This suggests that jets
present on the 1-10 kpc scale in those objects are FRII-like. When possible,
the detected core-jet structures were used for estimating the core's spatial
orientation. The result is that neither the FRI-like nor the FRII-like side is
preferred, which may suggest that no specific spatial orientation of HYMORS is
required to explain their radio morphology. Their estimated viewing angles
indicate they are unbeamed objects. The 178 MHz luminosity of observed HYMORS
exceed the traditional FRI/FRII break luminosity, indicating they have radio
powers similar to FRIIs.
|
[
"astro-ph.CO"
] |
astro-ph.CO
|
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
| 1,725Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
|
|
1811.02583
|
The discovery that spin-orbit coupling can generate a new state of matter in
the form of quantum spin-Hall (QSH) insulators has brought topology to the
forefront of condensed matter physics. While QSH states from spin-orbit
coupling can be fully understood in terms of band theory, fascinating many-body
effects are expected if the state instead results from interaction-generated
symmetry breaking. In particular, topological defects of the corresponding
order parameter provide a route to exotic quantum phase transitions. Here, we
introduce a model in which the condensation of skyrmion defects in an
interaction-generated QSH insulator produces a superconducting (SC) phase.
Because vortex excitations of the latter carry a spin-$1/2$ degree of freedom
numbers, the SC order may be understood as emerging from a gapless spin liquid
normal state. The QSH-SC transition is an example of a deconfined quantum
critical point (DQCP), for which we provide an improved model with only a
single length scale that is accessible to large-scale quantum Monte Carlo
simulations.
|
[
"cond-mat.str-el"
] |
cond-mat.str-el
|
Strongly Correlated Electrons
| 6,979Strongly Correlated Electrons
|
|
2106.07320
|
It is well known that $\mathbb{C}H^n$ has the structure of solvable Lie group
with left invariant metric of constant holomorphic sectional curvature. In this
paper we give the full classification of all possible left invariant Riemannian
metrics on this Lie group. We prove that all of these metrics are of constant
negative scalar curvature and only one of them is Einstein (up to isometry and
scaling). Finally, we present the relation between Ricci solitons on Heisenberg
group and Einstein metric on $\mathbb{C}H^n$.
|
[
"math.DG"
] |
math.DG
|
Differential Geometry
| 2,010Differential Geometry
|
|
1511.05100
|
We report observation of the $\rm 5S_{1/2} \rightarrow 5D_{5/2}$ two-photon
transition in Rb vapor at 778 nm, using an external cavity diode laser system
and a heated vapor cell. The spectra in the two isotopes show well-resolved
hyperfine transitions. The peaks are Doppler free, and have a Lorentzian
lineshape with a typical linewidth of 2.2 MHz. This linewidth is larger than
the natural linewidth of 300 kHz, but is still 5--10 times smaller than the
linewidth for single-photon transitions in the D$_2$ line. Since the absolute
frequency of this transition is measured with 8 kHz precision, it can form a
better secondary reference in the optical regime compared to the D$_2$ line.
|
[
"physics.optics",
"physics.atom-ph"
] |
physics.optics
|
physics.atom-ph
|
Optics;Atomic Physics
| 5,158Optics;Atomic Physics
|
1109.2399
|
This volume consists of the proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Formal
Languages and Analysis of Contract-Oriented Software (FLACOS'11). The FLACOS
Workshops serve as annual meeting places to bring together researchers and
practitioners working on language-based solutions to contract-oriented software
development. High-level models of contracts are needed as a tool to negotiate
contracts and provide services conforming to them. This Workshop provides
language-based solutions to the above issues through formalization of
contracts, design of appropriate abstraction mechanisms, and formal analysis of
contract languages and software. The program of this edition consists of 5
regular papers and 3 invited presentations.
Detailed information about the FLACOS 2011 Workshop can be found at
http://flacos2011.lcc.uma.es/. The 5th edition of the FLACOS Workshop was
organized by the University of M\'alaga. It took place in M\'alaga, Spain,
during September 22-23, 2011.
|
[
"cs.LO"
] |
cs.LO
|
Logic in Computer Science
| 3,801Logic in Computer Science
|
|
2209.07365
|
Despite the increased importance of Cloud tooling, and many large-scale
studies of Cloud users, research has yet to answer what tool modalities (e.g.
CLI or web console) developers prefer. In formulating our studies, we quickly
found that preference varies heavily based on the programming task at hand. To
address this gap, we conducted a two-part research study that quantifies
modality preference as a function of programming task. Part one surveys how
preference for three tool modalities (CLI, IDE, web console) varies across
three classes of task (CRUD, debugging, monitoring). The survey shows, among 60
respondents, developers most prefer the CLI modality, especially for CRUD
tasks. Monitoring tasks are the exception for which developers prefer the web
console. Part two observes how four participants complete a task using the
kubectl CLI and the OpenShift web console. All four participants prefer using
the CLI to accomplish the task.
|
[
"cs.SE",
"cs.HC"
] |
cs.SE
|
cs.HC
|
Software Engineering;Human-Computer Interaction
| 6,649Software Engineering;Human-Computer Interaction
|
1808.08684
|
Lens aberrations have previously been used to determine the provenance of an
image. However, this is not necessarily unique to an image sensor, as lens
systems are often interchanged. Photo-response non-uniformity noise was
proposed in 2005 by Luk\'a\v{s}, Goljan and Fridrich as a stochastic signal
which describes a sensor uniquely, akin to a "ballistic" fingerprint. This
method, however, did not account for additional sources of bias such as lens
artefacts and temperature.
In this paper, we propose a new additive signal model to account for
artefacts previously thought to have been isolated from the ballistic
fingerprint. Our proposed model separates sensor level artefacts from the lens
optical system and thus accounts for lens aberrations previously thought to be
filtered out. Specifically, we apply standard image processing theory, an
understanding of frequency properties relating to the physics of light and
temperature response of sensor dark current to classify artefacts. This model
enables us to isolate and account for bias from the lens optical system and
temperature within the current model.
|
[
"eess.IV"
] |
eess.IV
|
Image and Video Processing
| 3,521Image and Video Processing
|
|
1802.10585
|
In this article we present a novel staggered semi-implicit hybrid
finite-volume/finite-element (FV/FE) method for the resolution of weakly
compressible flows in two and three space dimensions. The pressure-based
methodology introduced in Berm\'udez et al. 2014 and Busto et al. 2018 for
viscous incompressible flows is extended here to solve the compressible
Navier-Stokes equations. Instead of considering the classical system including
the energy conservation equation, we replace it by the pressure evolution
equation written in non-conservative form. To ease the discretization of
complex spatial domains, face-type unstructured staggered meshes are
considered. A projection method allows the decoupling of the computation of the
density and linear momentum variables from the pressure. Then, an explicit
finite volume scheme is used for the resolution of the transport diffusion
equations on the dual mesh, whereas the pressure system is solved implicitly by
using continuous finite elements defined on the primal simplex mesh.
Consequently, the CFL stability condition depends only on the flow velocity,
avoiding the severe time restrictions that might be imposed by the sound
velocity in the weakly compressible regime. High order of accuracy in space and
time of the transport diffusion stage is attained using a local ADER (LADER)
methodology. Moreover, also the CVC Kolgan-type second order in space and first
order in time scheme is considered. To prevent spurious oscillations in the
presence of shocks, an ENO-based reconstruction, the minmod limiter or the
Barth-Jespersen limiter are employed. To show the validity and robustness of
our novel staggered semi-implicit hybrid FV/FE scheme, several benchmarks are
analysed, showing a good agreement with available exact solutions and numerical
reference data from low Mach numbers, up to Mach numbers of the order of unity.
|
[
"math.NA",
"cs.NA",
"math.AP"
] |
math.NA
|
cs.NA
|
Numerical Analysis;Numerical Analysis;Analysis of PDEs
| 5,061Numerical Analysis;Numerical Analysis;Analysis of PDEs
|
0905.4856
|
Naturalness arguments do not forbid the possibility that the first two
families of squarks and sleptons are heavier than the rest of the
supersymmetric spectrum. In this framework, we study the phenomenology related
to the flavor physics and we give bounds on the flavor violating parameters
that we compare with the case of nearly degenerate squarks. The peculiar
structure of the hierarchical scheme allows us to make definite predictions and
suggests also a natural size for the flavor violating parameters.
|
[
"hep-ph"
] |
hep-ph
|
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
| 3,129High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
|
|
1004.4090
|
In the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking scenario, neutral
gaugino of SU(2)_L multiplet, Wino, can be the lightest SUSY particle and
become a candidate for dark matter. We calculated scattering cross section of
Wino dark matter with nucleon, which is responsible for direct detection of the
dark matter, on the assumption that the SUSY particles and the heavier Higgs
bosons have masses of the order of the gravitino mass in the SUSY standard
model. In such a case, the Wino-nucleon coupling is generated by loop
processes. We have included two-loop contribution to Wino-gluon interaction in
the calculation, since it is one of the leading contributions to the
Wino-nucleon coupling. It was found that the spin-independent scattering cross
section with proton is 10^-(46-48) cm^2. While it is almost independent of the
Wino mass, the result is quite sensitive to the Higgs boson mass due to the
accidental cancellation.
|
[
"hep-ph"
] |
hep-ph
|
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
| 3,129High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
|
|
1111.6547
|
We analyse the fine-tuning in the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Model (CMSSM) in the light of the present and expected ATLAS and CMS SUSY
searches. Even with 10/fb of data and no discovery of SUSY valid regions might
remain with fine-tuning less than 20. Moreover we investigate the fine-tuning
price of GUT scale Yukawa coupling relations. Considering a 2$\sigma$
constraint for $(g-2)_\mu$ and fine-tuning less than 30 yields an allowed range
of $y_\tau/y_b = [1.31,1.70]$, which points towards the alternative GUT
prediction $y_\tau/y_b = 3/2$. Relaxing the $(g-2)_\mu$ constraint to 5$\sigma$
extends the possible region to [1.02,1.70], allowing for approximate $b-\tau$
Yukawa coupling unification.
|
[
"hep-ph"
] |
hep-ph
|
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
| 3,129High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
|
|
2004.00673
|
We show that malicious COVID-19 content, including hate speech,
disinformation, and misinformation, exploits the multiverse of online hate to
spread quickly beyond the control of any individual social media platform.
Machine learning topic analysis shows quantitatively how online hate
communities are weaponizing COVID-19, with topics evolving rapidly and content
becoming increasingly coherent. Our mathematical analysis provides a
generalized form of the public health R0 predicting the tipping point for
multiverse-wide viral spreading, which suggests new policy options to mitigate
the global spread of malicious COVID-19 content without relying on future
coordination between all online platforms.
|
[
"physics.soc-ph",
"nlin.AO",
"physics.pop-ph"
] |
physics.soc-ph
|
nlin.AO
|
Physics and Society;Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems;Popular Physics
| 7,267longtail
|
1812.01772
|
Despite being a foundational concept of modern systems theory, there have
been few studies on observability of non-linear stochastic systems under
partial observations. In this paper, we introduce a definition of observability
for stochastic non-linear dynamical systems which involves an explicit
functional characterization. To justify its operational use, we establish that
this definition implies filter stability under mild continuity conditions: an
incorrectly initialized non-linear filter is said to be stable if the filter
eventually corrects itself with the arrival of new measurement information.
Numerous examples are presented and a detailed comparison with the literature
is reported. We also establish implications for various criteria for filter
stability under several notions of convergence such as weak convergence, total
variation, and relative entropy. These findings are connected to robustness and
approximations in partially observed stochastic control.
|
[
"math.PR",
"math.OC"
] |
math.PR
|
math.OC
|
Probability;Optimization and Control
| 5,772Probability;Optimization and Control
|
q-bio/0511006
|
We develop a class of models with which we simulate the assembly of particles
into T1 capsid-like objects using Newtonian dynamics. By simulating assembly
for many different values of system parameters, we vary the forces that drive
assembly. For some ranges of parameters, assembly is facile, while for others,
assembly is dynamically frustrated by kinetic traps corresponding to malformed
or incompletely formed capsids. Our simulations sample many independent
trajectories at various capsomer concentrations, allowing for statistically
meaningful conclusions. Depending on subunit (i.e., capsomer) geometries,
successful assembly proceeds by several mechanisms involving binding of
intermediates of various sizes. We discuss the relationship between these
mechanisms and experimental evaluations of capsid assembly processes.
|
[
"q-bio.BM"
] |
q-bio.BM
|
Biomolecules
| 733Biomolecules
|
|
astro-ph/0310173
|
We have discovered T Tauri stars which show startling spectral variability
between observations seperated by 20 years. In spectra published by Bouvier &
Appenzeller (1992) these objects showed very weak H-alpha emission, broad CaII
absorption and so called ``composite spectra'', where the spectral type
inferred from the blue region is earlier than that inferred from the red. We
present here new spectroscopy which shows that all four stars now exhibit
strong H-alpha emission, narrow CaII emission and a spectral type which is
consistent at all wavelengths.
We propose a scheme to understand these changes whereby the composite spectra
of these stars can be explained by a period of active accretion onto the
central, young star. In this scheme the composite spectrum consists of a
contribution from the stellar photosphere and a contribution from a hot,
optically thick, accretion component. The optically thick nature of the
accretion flow explains the weakness of the H-alpha emission during this phase.
Within this scheme, the change to a single spectral type at all wavelengths and
emergence of strong H-alpha emission are consistent with the accretion columns
becoming optically thin, as the accretion rate drops. There is a strong analogy
here with the dwarf novae class of interacting binaries, which show similar
behaviour during the decline from outbursts of high mass-transfer rate.
The most important consequence of this interpretation is that these objects
bring into question the association of Weak-Line T Tauri stars (WTTs) with
non-accreting or discless objects. In light of this result we consider the
justification for this paradigm.
|
[
"astro-ph"
] |
astro-ph
|
Astrophysics
| 463Astrophysics
|
|
2004.04196
|
Semidefinite programming (SDP) is the task of optimizing a linear function
over the common solution set of finitely many linear matrix inequalities
(LMIs). For the running time of SDP solvers, the maximal matrix size of these
LMIs is usually more critical than their number. The semidefinite extension
degree $\text{sxdeg}(K)$ of a convex set $K\subseteq\mathbb R^n$ is the
smallest number $d$ such that $K$ is a linear image of a finite intersection
$S_1\cap\dots\cap S_N$, where each $S_i$ is a spectrahedron defined by a linear
matrix inequality of size $\le d$. Thus $\text{sxdeg}(K)$ can be seen as a
measure for the complexity of performing semidefinite programs over the set
$K$. We give several equivalent characterizations of $\text{sxdeg}(K)$, and use
them to prove our main result: $\text{sxdeg}(K)\le2$ holds for any closed
convex semialgebraic set $K\subseteq\mathbb R^2$. In other words, such $K$ can
be represented using the second-order cone.
|
[
"math.OC"
] |
math.OC
|
Optimization and Control
| 5,234Optimization and Control
|
|
2210.03430
|
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is a powerful tool in
molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), but RHEED images are often difficult to
interpret, requiring experienced operators. We present an approach for
automated surveillance of GaAs substrate deoxidation in MBE reactors using deep
learning based RHEED image-sequence classification. Our approach consists of an
non-supervised auto-encoder (AE) for feature extraction, combined with a
supervised convolutional classifier network. We demonstrate that our
lightweight network model can accurately identify the exact deoxidation moment.
Furthermore we show that the approach is very robust and allows accurate
deoxidation detection during months without requiring re-training. The main
advantage of the approach is that it can be applied to raw RHEED images without
requiring further information such as the rotation angle, temperature, etc.
|
[
"cond-mat.mes-hall",
"cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
"cs.LG"
] |
cond-mat.mes-hall
|
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
|
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics;Materials Science;Machine Learning
| 7,267longtail
|
2107.03906
|
Biharmonic wave equations are of importance to various applications including
thin plate analyses. In this work, the numerical approximation of their
solutions by a $C^1$-conforming in space and time finite element approach is
proposed and analyzed. Therein, the smoothness properties of solutions to the
continuous evolution problem is embodied. High potential of the presented
approach for more sophisticated multi-physics and multi-scale systems is
expected. Time discretization is based on a combined Galerkin and collocation
technique. For space discretization the Bogner--Fox--Schmit element is applied.
Optimal order error estimates are proven. The convergence and performance
properties are illustrated with numerical experiments.
|
[
"math.NA",
"cs.NA"
] |
math.NA
|
cs.NA
|
Numerical Analysis;Numerical Analysis
| 5,059Numerical Analysis;Numerical Analysis
|
2303.13008
|
In this work, we consider homogeneous oscillations of the inflaton field
after inflation. In particular, we obtain an analytical result for the
(average) equation of state for the oscillating inflaton field for the simplest
$\alpha$-attractor T-model. We also study the post-inflationary evolution
before inflaton decay. It is possible that during inflaton field oscillation,
the (average) equation of state is that of a cosmological constant. This leads
to the phenomenon of oscillating inflation. However, we show that the duration
of oscillating inflation is very limited.
|
[
"hep-ph",
"astro-ph.CO",
"hep-th"
] |
hep-ph
|
astro-ph.CO
|
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology;Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics;High Energy Physics - Theory
| 3,176High Energy Physics - Phenomenology;Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics;High Energy Physics - Theory
|
1510.06829
|
We present the results of detailed X-ray analysis of two black-widow pulsars
(BWPs), J1446-4701 and J1311-3430. PSR J1446-4701 is a BWP with orbital
parameters near the median values of the sample of known BWPs. Its X-ray
emission detected by $XMM-Newton$ is well characterized by a soft power-law
(PL) spectrum (photon index $\Gamma \approx 3$), and it shows no significant
orbital modulations. In view of a lack of radio eclipses and an optical
non-detection, the system most likely has a low orbital inclination. PSR
J1311-3430 is an extreme BWP with a very compact orbit and the lowest minimum
mass companion. Our $Chandra$ data confirm the hard, $\Gamma \approx 1.3$,
emission seen in previous observations. Through phase-restricted spectral
analysis, we found a hint ($\sim 2.6 \sigma$) of spectral hardening around
pulsar inferior conjunction. We also provide a uniform analysis of the 12 BWPs
observed with $Chandra$ and compare their X-ray properties. Pulsars with soft,
$\Gamma > 2.5$, emission seem to have lower than average X-ray and $\gamma$-ray
luminosities. We do not, however, see any other prominent correlation between
the pulsar's X-ray emission characteristics and any of its other properties.
The contribution of the intra-binary shock to the total X-ray emission, if any,
is not discernible in this sample of pulsars with shallow observations.
|
[
"astro-ph.HE"
] |
astro-ph.HE
|
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
| 2,990High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
|
|
2111.00098
|
System Level Synthesis (SLS) allows us to construct internally stabilizing
controllers for large-scale systems. However, solving large-scale SLS problems
is computationally expensive and the state-of-the-art methods consider only
state feedback; output feedback poses additional challenges because the
constraints are no longer uniquely row or column separable.
We exploit the structure of the output-feedback SLS problem by vectorizing
the multi-sided matrix multiplications in the SLS optimization constraints,
which allows us to reformulate it as a discrete-time control problem and solve
using two stages of dynamic programming (DP). Additionally, we derive an
approximation algorithm that offers a faster runtime by partially enforcing the
constraints, and show that this algorithm offers the same results. DP solves
SLS up to $7$ times faster, with an additional 42% to 68% improvement using the
approximation algorithm, than a convex program solver, and scales with large
state dimensions and finite impulse response horizon.
|
[
"math.OC"
] |
math.OC
|
Optimization and Control
| 5,234Optimization and Control
|
|
1912.13373
|
We report on the first experimental demonstration that the microstructure
based on a dielectric cuboid combined to a thin metal film can act as an
efficient plasmonic lens allowing focusing surface plasmons in a subwavelength
scale. By means of numerical simulation of surface plasmon-polariton (SPP)
field intensity distributions in the microstructure, we observe a low
divergence of plasmonic photonic jet (PPJ) and high intensity subwavelength
spots at the communication wavelength of 1530 nm. Then we fabricate an
experimental sample of the microstructure and study the SSP field intensity
distributions using the amplitude and phase-resolved scanning near-field
optical microscopy and demonstrate the experimental observation of the PPJ
effect for the SSP waves. Such novel and simple platform can provide new
pathways for plasmonics, high-resolution imaging, biophotonics as well as
optical data storage.
|
[
"physics.optics"
] |
physics.optics
|
Optics
| 5,146Optics
|
|
hep-ex/0605049
|
The CAST (CERN Axion Solar Telescope) experiment at CERN searches for solar
axions with energies in the keV range. It is possible that axions are produced
in the core of the sun by the interaction of thermal photons with virtual
photons of strong electromagnetic fields. In this experiment, the solar axions
can be reconverted to photons in the transversal field of a 9 Tesla
superconducting magnet. At both ends of the 10m-long dipole magnet three
different X-ray detectors were installed, which are sensitive in the
interesting photon energy range. Preliminary results from the analysis of the
2004 data are presented: g$_{a\gamma}<0.9\times10^{-10}$ GeV$^{-1}$ at 95% C.L.
for axion masses m$_{a} <$ 0.02 eV. At the end of 2005, data started to be
taken with a buffer gas in the magnet pipes in order to extend the sensitivity
to axion masses up to 0.8 eV.
|
[
"hep-ex"
] |
hep-ex
|
High Energy Physics - Experiment
| 3,059High Energy Physics - Experiment
|
|
1103.4156
|
We study the distribution of cosmic voids and void galaxies using Sloan
Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7). Using the VoidFinder algorithm as
described by Hoyle 2002, we identify 1054 statistically significant voids in
the northern galactic hemisphere with radii > 10 h^{-1} Mpc. The filling factor
of voids in the sample volume is 62%. The largest void is just over 30 h^{-1}
Mpc in effective radius. The median effective radius is 17 h^{-1} Mpc. The
voids are found to be significantly underdense, with density contrast \delta <
-0.85 at the edges of the voids. The radial density profiles of these voids are
similar to predictions of dynamically distinct underdensities in gravitational
theory. We find 8,046 galaxies brighter than M_r = -20.09 within the voids,
accounting for 7% of the galaxies. We compare the results of VoidFinder on SDSS
DR7 to mock catalogs generated from a SPH halo model simulation as well as
other \Lambda -CDM simulations and find similar void fractions and void sizes
in the data and simulations. This catalog is made publicly available at
http://www.physics.drexel.edu/~pan/voidcatalog.html for download.
|
[
"astro-ph.CO",
"astro-ph.GA"
] |
astro-ph.CO
|
astro-ph.GA
|
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics;Astrophysics of Galaxies
| 1,727Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics;Astrophysics of Galaxies
|
0904.3578
|
We introduced a probability of traffic light, PL, at an intersection when
approaching cars in two roads are in same conditions. As a application, we
proposed a modified Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automata model for describing
a conflicting vehicular traffic flow at the intersection. The results show that
the plateau region in the fundamental diagrams, caused by the effect of
interaction, is dependent not only on the probability PL, but also on the
adaptive schemes.
|
[
"physics.soc-ph",
"nlin.CG"
] |
physics.soc-ph
|
nlin.CG
|
Physics and Society;Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases
| 5,472Physics and Society;Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases
|
2009.05686
|
In this paper we propose a new computational method for designing optimal
regulators for high-dimensional nonlinear systems. The proposed approach
leverages physics-informed machine learning to solve high-dimensional
Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations arising in optimal feedback control.
Concretely, we augment linear quadratic regulators with neural networks to
handle nonlinearities. We train the augmented models on data generated without
discretizing the state space, enabling application to high-dimensional
problems. We use the proposed method to design a candidate optimal regulator
for an unstable Burgers' equation, and through this example, demonstrate
improved robustness and accuracy compared to existing neural network
formulations.
|
[
"math.OC",
"cs.LG",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] |
math.OC
|
cs.LG
|
Optimization and Control;Machine Learning;Systems and Control;Systems and Control
| 5,303Optimization and Control;Machine Learning;Systems and Control;Systems and Control
|
0902.1871
|
interpretation is a general methodology for building static analyses of
programs. It was introduced by P. and R. Cousot in \cite{cc}. We present, in
this paper, an application of a generic abstract interpretation to domain of
model-checking. Dynamic checking are usually easier to use, because the concept
are establishe d and wide well know. But they are usually limited to systems
whose states space is finite. In an other part, certain faults cannot be
detected dynamically, even by keeping track of the history of the states
space.Indeed, the classical problem of finding the right test cases is far from
trivial and limit the abilities of dynamic checkers further. Static checking
have the advantage that they work on a more abstract level than dynamic checker
and can verify system properties for all inputs. Problem, it is hard to
guarantee that a violation of a modeled property corresponds to a fault in the
concrete system. We propose an approach, in which we generate counter-examples
dynamically using the abstract interpretation techniques.
|
[
"cs.DS",
"cs.SC"
] |
cs.DS
|
cs.SC
|
Data Structures and Algorithms;Symbolic Computation
| 1,976Data Structures and Algorithms;Symbolic Computation
|
2211.09780
|
Due to their intrinsic electric dipole moments and rich internal structure,
ultracold polar molecules are promising candidate qubits for quantum computing
and for a wide range of quantum simulations. Their long-lived molecular
rotational states form robust qubits while the long-range dipolar interaction
between molecules provides quantum entanglement. Using a molecular optical
tweezer array, single molecules can be moved and separately addressed for qubit
operations using optical and microwave fields, creating a scalable quantum
platform. Here, we demonstrate long-range dipolar spin-exchange interactions in
pairs of CaF molecules trapped in an optical tweezer array. We control the
anisotropic interaction and realize the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ quantum XY model by
encoding an effective spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ system into the rotational states of
the molecules. We demonstrate a two-qubit (two-molecule) gate to generate
entanglement deterministically, an essential resource for all quantum
information applications. Employing interleaved tweezer arrays, we demonstrate
high fidelity single site molecular addressability.
|
[
"physics.atom-ph",
"quant-ph"
] |
physics.atom-ph
|
quant-ph
|
Atomic Physics;Quantum Physics
| 621Atomic Physics;Quantum Physics
|
1009.2129
|
We investigate gravitational lensing effects of an extrasolar planet
transiting its host star. We focus on the `rising spikes' of the light curve
just before and after the transit, which is a peculiar feature of the
gravitational lensing, and find that it could be a novel observable for
determining physical parameters. Detectability of such an effect is also
discussed.
|
[
"astro-ph.EP"
] |
astro-ph.EP
|
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
| 2,351Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
|
|
2212.09985
|
In this paper, we showed that the Stable Picard group of $A(n)$ for $n\geq 2$
is $\mathbb{Z}\oplus \mathbb{Z}$ by considering the endotrivial modules over
$A(n)$. The proof relies on reductions from a Hopf algebra to its proper Hopf
subalgebras.
|
[
"math.AT"
] |
math.AT
|
Algebraic Topology
| 156Algebraic Topology
|
|
quant-ph/0308113
|
An interesting concept in quantum computation is that of global control (GC),
where there is no need to manipulate qubits individually. One can implement a
universal set of quantum gates on a one-dimensional array purely via signals
that target the entire structure indiscriminately. But large-scale quantum
computation imposes several requirements in terms of noise level, time, space
(scaling) and in particular parallelism. Keeping in mind these requirements, we
prove GC can support error-correction, by implementing two simple codes. This
opens the way to fault-tolerant computation with this type of architecture.
|
[
"quant-ph"
] |
quant-ph
|
Quantum Physics
| 5,985Quantum Physics
|
|
math/0703106
|
It is well-known that the basic modal logic of all topological spaces is
$S4$. However, the structure of basic modal and hybrid logics of classes of
spaces satisfying various separation axioms was until present unclear. We prove
that modal logics of $T_0$, $T_1$ and $T_2$ topological spaces coincide and are
S4$. We also examine basic hybrid logics of these classes and prove their
decidability; as part of this, we find out that the hybrid logics of $T_1$ and
T_2$ spaces coincide.
|
[
"math.LO"
] |
math.LO
|
Logic
| 3,800Logic
|
|
2105.08537
|
The availability of residential electric demand profiles data, enabled by the
large-scale deployment of smart metering infrastructure, has made it possible
to perform more accurate analysis of electricity consumption patterns. This
paper analyses the electric demand profiles of individual households located in
the city Amsterdam, the Netherlands. A comprehensive clustering framework is
defined to classify households based on their electricity consumption pattern.
This framework consists of two main steps, namely a dimensionality reduction
step of input electricity consumption data, followed by an unsupervised
clustering algorithm of the reduced subspace. While any algorithm, which has
been used in the literature for the aforementioned clustering task, can be used
for the corresponding step, the more important question is to deduce which
particular combination of algorithms is the best for a given dataset and a
clustering task. This question is addressed in this paper by proposing a novel
objective validation strategy, whose recommendations are then cross-verified by
performing subjective validation.
|
[
"cs.LG",
"cs.CY"
] |
cs.LG
|
cs.CY
|
Machine Learning;Computers and Society
| 4,070Machine Learning;Computers and Society
|
1003.4362
|
We investigate the effect of the Coulomb interaction on the applicability of
quantum gates on a system of two Coulomb-coupled quantum dots. We calculate the
fidelity for a single- and a two-qubit gate and the creation of Bell states in
the system. The influence of radiative damping is also studied. We find that
the application of quantum gates based on the Coulomb interaction leads to
significant input state-dependent errors which strongly depend on the Coulomb
coupling strength. By optimizing the Coulomb matrix elements via the material
and the external field parameters, error rates in the range of $10^{-3}$ can be
reached. Radiative dephasing is a more serious problem and typically leads to
larger errors on the order of $10^{-2}$ for the considered gates. In the
specific case of the generation of a maximally entangled Bell state, error
rates in the range of $10^{-3}$ can be achieved even in the presence of
radiative dephasing.
|
[
"cond-mat.mes-hall"
] |
cond-mat.mes-hall
|
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
| 4,450Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
|
|
2306.14364
|
A recent highly-publicized study by Park et al. (Nature 613: 138-144, 2023),
claiming that science has become less disruptive over recent decades,
represents an extraordinary achievement but with deceptive results. The measure
of disruption, CD-5, in this study does not account for differences in citation
amid decades of exponential growth in publication rate. In order to account for
both the exponential growth as well as the differential impact of research
works over time, here we apply a weighted disruption index to the same dataset.
We find that, among research papers in the dataset, this weighted disruption
index has been close to its expected neutral value over the last fifty years
and has even increased modestly since 2000. We also show how the proportional
decrease in unique words (highlighted by Park et al. (2023) is expected in an
exponentially growing corpus. Finding little evidence for recent decrease in
disruption, we suggest that it is actually increasing.
|
[
"cs.DL",
"cs.SI"
] |
cs.DL
|
cs.SI
|
Digital Libraries;Social and Information Networks
| 2,098Digital Libraries;Social and Information Networks
|
1904.02757
|
We obtain a sufficient condition for the convexity of quaternionic numerical
range for complex matrices in terms of its complex numerical range. It is also
shown that the Bild coincides with complex numerical range for real matrices.
From this result we derive that all real matrices have convex quaternionic
numerical range. As an example we fully characterize the quaternionic numerical
range of $2\times2$ real matrices.
|
[
"math.FA"
] |
math.FA
|
Functional Analysis
| 2,549Functional Analysis
|
|
hep-ph/9906389
|
Real-time classical SU($N$) gauge theories at non-zero temperature contain
linear divergences. We introduce counterterms for these divergences in the
equations of motion in the continuum and on the lattice. These counterterms can
be given in terms of auxiliary fields that satisfy local equations of motion.
We present a lattice model with 6+1D auxiliary fields that for IR-sensitive
quantities yields cut-off independent results to leading order in the coupling.
Also an approximation with 5+1D auxiliary fields is discussed.
|
[
"hep-ph"
] |
hep-ph
|
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
| 3,129High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
|
|
2209.15426
|
Diakonov theory of quantum gravity, in which tetrads emerge as the bilinear
combinations of the fermionis fields,\cite{Diakonov2011} suggests that in
general relativity the metric may have dimension 2, i.e.
$[g_{\mu\nu}]=1/[L]^2$. Several other approaches to quantum gravity, including
the model of superplastic vacuum and $BF$-theories of gravity support this
suggesuion. The important consequence of such metric dimension is that all the
diffeomorphism invariant quantities are dimensionless for any dimension of
spacetime. These include the action $S$, interval $s$, cosmological constant
$\Lambda$, scalar curvature $R$, scalar field $\Phi$, etc. Here we are trying
to further exploit the Diakonov idea, and consider the dimension of the Planck
constant. The application of the Diakonov theory suggests that the Planck
constant $\hbar$ is the parameter of the Minkowski metric. The Minkowski
parameter $\hbar$ is invariant only under Lorentz transformations, and is not
diffeomorphism invariant. As a result the Planck constant $\hbar$ has nonzero
dimension -- the dimension of length [L]. Whether this Planck constant length
is related to the Planck length scale, is an open question. In principle there
can be different Minkowski vacua with their own values of the parameter
$\hbar$. Then in the thermal contact between the two vacua their temperatures
obey the analog of the Tolman law: $\hbar_1/T_1= \hbar_2/T_2$.
|
[
"gr-qc",
"cond-mat.other",
"hep-ph"
] |
gr-qc
|
cond-mat.other
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;Other Condensed Matter;High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
| 2,768General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;Other Condensed Matter;High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
|
2309.07740
|
In this paper, we show that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
(SINR) at a base station (BS) equipped with an arbitrary physical array antenna
can be expressed as a function of two fundamental figures-of-merit (FoMs): (I)
the instantaneous effective gain (IEG), and (II) the beamforming-channel
correlation (BCC). These two FoMs are functions of the array antenna layout,
the antenna elements, the propagation channel and the applied signal processing
algorithms, and hence they are random variables (RVs) in general. We illustrate
that both FoMs provide essential insights for quality-of-service (QoS)-based
phased array design by investigating their statistics for BSs applying
full-digital (FD) zero forcing (ZF) beamforming. We evaluate various array
designs and show that arrays with higher IEGs and a reduced probability of low
BCCs can increase the ergodic sum rate and reduce the need for scheduling.
|
[
"eess.SP"
] |
eess.SP
|
Signal Processing
| 6,402Signal Processing
|
|
1805.08290
|
We use the framework of "props" to study electrical circuits, signal-flow
diagrams, and bond graphs. A prop is a strict symmetric monoidal category where
the objects are natural numbers, with the tensor product of objects given by
addition. In this approach, electrical circuits make up the morphisms in a
prop, as do signal-flow diagrams, and bond graphs. A network, such as an
electrical circuit, with $m$ inputs and $n$ outputs is a morphism from $m$ to
$n$, while putting networks together in series is composition, and setting them
side by side is tensoring. Here we work out the details of this approach for
various kinds of electrical circuits, then signal-flow diagrams, and then bond
graphs. Each kind of network corresponds to a mathematically natural prop. We
also describe the "behavior" of electrical circuits, bond graphs, and
signal-flow diagrams using morphisms between props. To assign a behavior to a
network we "black box" the network, which forgets its inner workings and
records only the relation it imposes between inputs and outputs. The process of
black-boxing a network then corresponds to a morphism between props.
Interestingly, there are two different behaviors for any bond graph, related by
a natural transformation. To achieve all of this we first prove some
foundational results about props. These results let us describe any prop in
terms of generators and equations, and also define morphisms of props by naming
where the generators go and checking that relevant equations hold. Technically,
the key tools are the Rosebrugh--Sabadini--Walters result relating circuits to
special commutative Frobenius monoids, the monadic adjunction between props and
signatures, and a result saying which symmetric monoidal categories are
equivalent to props.
|
[
"math.CT"
] |
math.CT
|
Category Theory
| 757Category Theory
|
|
2009.14190
|
Designing integrated photonics, especially to leverage Kerr-nonlinear optics,
requires accurate and precise knowledge of refractive index across the visible
to infrared spectral ranges. Tantala (Ta_2O_5) is an emerging material platform
for integrated photonics and nanophotonics that offers broadband ultralow loss,
moderately high nonlinearity, and advantages for scalable and heterogeneous
integration. We present refractive-index measurements on a thin film of
tantala, and we explore the efficacy of this data for group-velocity dispersion
(GVD) engineering with waveguide and ring-resonator devices. In particular, the
observed spectral extent of supercontinuum generation in fabricated waveguides,
and the wavelength dependence of free spectral range (FSR) in optical
resonators provide a sensitive test of our integrated-photonics design process.
Our work opens up new design possibilities with tantala, including with
octave-spanning soliton microcombs.
|
[
"physics.optics"
] |
physics.optics
|
Optics
| 5,146Optics
|
|
2004.06732
|
Aims: Mapping the interstellar medium in 3D provides a wealth of insights
into its inner working. The Milky Way is the only galaxy for which detailed 3D
mapping can be achieved in principle. In this paper, we reconstruct the dust
density in and around the local super-bubble.
Methods: The combined data from surveys such as Gaia, 2MASS, PANSTARRS, and
ALLWISE provide the necessary information to make detailed maps of the
interstellar medium in our surrounding. To this end, we used variational
inference and Gaussian processes to model the dust extinction density,
exploiting its intrinsic correlations.
Results: We reconstructed a highly resolved dust map, showing the nearest
dust clouds at a distance of up to 400pc with a resolution of 1pc.
Conclusions: Our reconstruction provides insights into the structure of the
interstellar medium. We compute summary statistics of the spectral index and
the 1-point function of the logarithmic dust extinction density, which may
constrain simulations of the interstellar medium that achieve a similar
resolution.
|
[
"astro-ph.GA",
"physics.comp-ph"
] |
astro-ph.GA
|
physics.comp-ph
|
Astrophysics of Galaxies;Computational Physics
| 469Astrophysics of Galaxies;Computational Physics
|
2111.02949
|
Distributed learning has become an integral tool for scaling up machine
learning and addressing the growing need for data privacy. Although more robust
to the network topology, decentralized learning schemes have not gained the
same level of popularity as their centralized counterparts for being less
competitive performance-wise. In this work, we attribute this issue to the lack
of synchronization among decentralized learning workers, showing both
empirically and theoretically that the convergence rate is tied to the
synchronization level among the workers. Such motivated, we present a novel
decentralized learning framework based on nonlinear gossiping (NGO), that
enjoys an appealing finite-time consensus property to achieve better
synchronization. We provide a careful analysis of its convergence and discuss
its merits for modern distributed optimization applications, such as deep
neural networks. Our analysis on how communication delay and randomized chats
affect learning further enables the derivation of practical variants that
accommodate asynchronous and randomized communications. To validate the
effectiveness of our proposal, we benchmark NGO against competing solutions
through an extensive set of tests, with encouraging results reported.
|
[
"cs.LG",
"cs.DC"
] |
cs.LG
|
cs.DC
|
Machine Learning;Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
| 4,116Machine Learning;Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
|
2110.14759
|
We introduce regularized Frank-Wolfe, a general and effective algorithm for
inference and learning of dense conditional random fields (CRFs). The algorithm
optimizes a nonconvex continuous relaxation of the CRF inference problem using
vanilla Frank-Wolfe with approximate updates, which are equivalent to
minimizing a regularized energy function. Our proposed method is a
generalization of existing algorithms such as mean field or concave-convex
procedure. This perspective not only offers a unified analysis of these
algorithms, but also allows an easy way of exploring different variants that
potentially yield better performance. We illustrate this in our empirical
results on standard semantic segmentation datasets, where several
instantiations of our regularized Frank-Wolfe outperform mean field inference,
both as a standalone component and as an end-to-end trainable layer in a neural
network. We also show that dense CRFs, coupled with our new algorithms, produce
significant improvements over strong CNN baselines.
|
[
"cs.LG",
"cs.CV",
"math.OC",
"stat.ML"
] |
cs.LG
|
cs.CV
|
Machine Learning;Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition;Optimization and Control;Machine Learning
| 4,065Machine Learning;Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition;Optimization and Control;Machine Learning
|
1405.6561
|
We study the isotropy representation of real flag manifolds associated to
simple Lie algebras that are split real forms of complex simple Lie algebras.
For each Dynkin diagram the invariant irreducible subspaces for the compact
part of the isotropy subgroup are described. Contrary to the complex flag
manifolds the decomposition into irreducible components is not in general
unique, since there are cases with infinitely many invariant subspaces.
|
[
"math.DG"
] |
math.DG
|
Differential Geometry
| 2,010Differential Geometry
|
|
2310.03165
|
We explore the applications of random matrix theory (RMT) in the training of
deep neural networks (DNNs), focusing on layer pruning that is reducing the
number of DNN parameters (weights). Our numerical results show that this
pruning leads to a drastic reduction of parameters while not reducing the
accuracy of DNNs and CNNs. Moreover, pruning the fully connected DNNs actually
increases the accuracy and decreases the variance for random initializations.
Our numerics indicate that this enhancement in accuracy is due to the
simplification of the loss landscape. We next provide rigorous mathematical
underpinning of these numerical results by proving the RMT-based Pruning
Theorem. Our results offer valuable insights into the practical application of
RMT for the creation of more efficient and accurate deep-learning models.
|
[
"cs.LG",
"math.OC"
] |
cs.LG
|
math.OC
|
Machine Learning;Optimization and Control
| 4,235Machine Learning;Optimization and Control
|
2010.06683
|
Atherosclerosis, a chronic lesion of vascular wall, remains a leading cause
of death and loss of life years. Classical hypotheses for atherosclerosis are
long-standing mainly to explain atherogenesis. Unfortunately, these hypotheses
may not explain the variation in the susceptibility to atherosclerosis. These
issues are controversial over the past 150 years. Atherosclerosis from human
coronary arteries was examined and triangle of media was found to be a true
portraiture of cells injury in the media, and triangle of intima was a true
portraiture of myofibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM)
secretion, collagen fiber formation and intimal thickening to repair media
dysfunction. Myofibroblasts, ECM and lumen (intima)/vasa vasorum (VV)
(adventitia) constitute granulation tissue repair. With granulation tissue
hyperplasia, lots of collagen fibers (normal or denatured), foam cells and new
capillaries formed. Thus, the following theory was postulated: Risk factors
induce smooth muscle cells (SMCs) injury/loss, and fibrosis or structure
destruction could be developed in the media, which lead to media dysfunction.
Media dysfunction prompts disturbed mechanical properties of blood vessels,
resulting in bigger pressure buildup in the intima and adventitia. Granulation
tissues in the intima/adventitia develop to repair the injured media.
Atherosclerosis, stiffening or aneurysm develops depending on media dysfunction
severity and granulated tissue repair mode/degree. Nearly all characteristics
of clinical atherosclerosis could be ideally interpreted with the theory. We
believe that media dysfunction is a key initiator in the pathogenesis of
atherosclerosis. It is expected that media dysfunction theory of
atherosclerosis, should offer better understanding of the etiology for
atherosclerosis.
|
[
"q-bio.TO",
"physics.flu-dyn"
] |
q-bio.TO
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
Tissues and Organs;Fluid Dynamics
| 7,267longtail
|
1903.03337
|
The availability of new Cloud Platform offered by Google motivated us to
propose nine Proof of Concepts (PoC) aiming to demonstrated and test the
capabilities of the platform in the context of scientifically-driven tasks and
requirements. We review the status of our initiative by illustrating 3 out of 9
successfully closed PoC that we implemented on Google Cloud Platform. In
particular, we illustrate a cloud architecture for deployment of scientific
software as microservice coupling Google Compute Engine with Docker and Pub/Sub
to dispatch heavily parallel simulations. We detail also an experiment for HPC
based simulation and workflow executions of data reduction pipelines (for the
TNG-GIANO-B spectrograph) deployed on GCP. We compare and contrast our
experience with on-site facilities comparing advantages and disadvantages both
in terms of total cost of ownership and reached performances.
|
[
"astro-ph.IM",
"cs.DC"
] |
astro-ph.IM
|
cs.DC
|
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics;Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
| 3,724Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics;Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
|
2301.01502
|
In this article, we focus on the importance of open research information as
the foundation for transparent and responsible research assessment and
discovery of research outputs. We introduce work in which we support the open
research information commons by enabling, in particular, independent and small
Open Access journals to provide metadata to several open data hubs (Open
Citations, Wikidata, Open Research Knowledge Graph). In this context, we
present The OPTIMETA Way, a means to integrate metadata collection, enrichment,
and distribution in an effective and quality-ensured way that enables uptake
even amongst small scholar-led publication venues. We have designed an
implementation strategy for this approach in the form of two plugins for the
most widely used journal publishing software, Open Journal Systems (OJS). These
plugins collect, enrich, and automatically deliver citation metadata and
spatio-temporal metadata for articles. Our contribution to research assessment
and discovery with linked open bibliographic data is threefold. First, we
enlarge the open research information data pool by advocating for the
collection of enriched, user-validated metadata at the time of publication
through open APIs. Second, we integrate data platforms and journals currently
not included in the standard scientometric practices because of their language
or lack of support from big publishing houses. Third, we allow new use cases
based on location and temporal metadata that go beyond commonly used discovery
features, specifically, the assessment of research activities using spatial
coverage and new transdisciplinary connections between research outputs.
|
[
"cs.DL"
] |
cs.DL
|
Digital Libraries
| 2,081Digital Libraries
|
|
2012.05997
|
Abstract dialectical frameworks (ADFs) have been introduced as a formalism
for modeling and evaluating argumentation allowing general logical satisfaction
conditions. Different criteria used to settle the acceptance of arguments are
called semantics. Semantics of ADFs have so far mainly been defined based on
the concept of admissibility. However, the notion of strongly admissible
semantics studied for abstract argumentation frameworks has not yet been
introduced for ADFs. In the current work we present the concept of strong
admissibility of interpretations for ADFs. Further, we show that strongly
admissible interpretations of ADFs form a lattice with the grounded
interpretation as top element.
|
[
"cs.AI"
] |
cs.AI
|
Artificial Intelligence
| 361Artificial Intelligence
|
|
2108.07199
|
Most existing video tasks related to "human" focus on the segmentation of
salient humans, ignoring the unspecified others in the video. Few studies have
focused on segmenting and tracking all humans in a complex video, including
pedestrians and humans of other states (e.g., seated, riding, or occluded). In
this paper, we propose a novel framework, abbreviated as HVISNet, that segments
and tracks all presented people in given videos based on a one-stage detector.
To better evaluate complex scenes, we offer a new benchmark called HVIS (Human
Video Instance Segmentation), which comprises 1447 human instance masks in 805
high-resolution videos in diverse scenes. Extensive experiments show that our
proposed HVISNet outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy
at a real-time inference speed (30 FPS), especially on complex video scenes. We
also notice that using the center of the bounding box to distinguish different
individuals severely deteriorates the segmentation accuracy, especially in
heavily occluded conditions. This common phenomenon is referred to as the
ambiguous positive samples problem. To alleviate this problem, we propose a
mechanism named Inner Center Sampling to improve the accuracy of instance
segmentation. Such a plug-and-play inner center sampling mechanism can be
incorporated in any instance segmentation models based on a one-stage detector
to improve the performance. In particular, it gains 4.1 mAP improvement on the
state-of-the-art method in the case of occluded humans. Code and data are
available at https://github.com/IIGROUP/HVISNet.
|
[
"cs.CV"
] |
cs.CV
|
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
| 1,498Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
|
|
1404.1909
|
The term quantum turbulence denotes the turbulent motion of quantum fluids,
systems such as superfluid helium and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates which
are characterized by quantized vorticity, uperfluidity and, at finite
temperatures, two-fluid behavior. This article introduces their basic
properties, describes types and regimes of turbulence which have been observed,
and highlights similarities and differences between quantum turbulence and
classical turbulence in ordinary fluids. Our aim is also to link together the
articles of this special issue, and to provide a perspective of the future
development of a subject which contains aspects of fluid mechanics, atomic
physics, condensed matter and low temperature physics.
|
[
"cond-mat.quant-gas",
"cond-mat.other"
] |
cond-mat.quant-gas
|
cond-mat.other
|
Quantum Gases;Other Condensed Matter
| 5,959Quantum Gases;Other Condensed Matter
|
cond-mat/9910521
|
Temperature dependence in the interval 4.2-300 K and the critical behavior of
the dielectric function along c-axis in NaV2O5 have been studied in the
frequency range 1 MHz-1 GHz. These data were analyzed together with literature
data concerning specific heat, magnetic losses and ultrasonic velocity. We
found that all results support the idea about universality of the critical laws
at the transition in NaV2O5 where different physical quantities demonstrate
identical shape of the anomaly. Considerable deviations from the standard
theory of the second order transition including asymmetry of the critical
behavior above and below transition and appearance of the anomalous background
are detected.
|
[
"cond-mat.str-el"
] |
cond-mat.str-el
|
Strongly Correlated Electrons
| 6,979Strongly Correlated Electrons
|
|
2304.10102
|
A holographic description of three-dimensional warped black holes suffers
from ambiguities due to a seemingly harmless choice of coordinate system. This
gives rise to the notion of ensembles in warped black holes, and we focus on
two of them: the canonical and quadratic ensemble. Our aim is to quantify the
imprint of these ensembles in the near-extremal limit of a warped black hole.
To this end, for each ensemble, we explore the thermodynamic response and
evaluate greybody factors. We also set-up a holographic dictionary in their
near-AdS$_2$ region, and decode aspects of the dual near-CFT$_1$. This gives us
different perspectives of the black hole that we can contrast and compare. On
the one hand, we find perfect agreement between the near-extremal limit of the
canonical ensemble warped black holes, their near-AdS$_2$ effective analysis,
and a warped conformal field theory description. On the other, we are led to
rule out the quadratic ensemble due to inconsistencies at the quantum level
with the near-AdS$_2$ effective description.
|
[
"hep-th"
] |
hep-th
|
High Energy Physics - Theory
| 3,266High Energy Physics - Theory
|
|
2004.04233
|
We study symplectic rigidity phenomena for fibers in cotangent bundles of
Riemann surfaces. Our main result can be seen as a generalization to open
Riemann surfaces of arbitrary genus of work of Eliashberg and Polterovich on
the Nearby Lagrangian Conjecture for $T^* \mathbb{R}^2$. As a corollary, we
answer a strong version in dimension $2n=4$ of a question of Eliashberg about
linking of Lagrangian disks in $T^* \mathbb{R}^n$, which was previously
answered by Ekholm and Smith in dimensions $2n \geq 8$.
|
[
"math.SG"
] |
math.SG
|
Symplectic Geometry
| 7,123Symplectic Geometry
|
|
2306.05155
|
In this article, we show that the generalized tree shift operation increases
the distance spectral radius, distance signless Laplacian spectral radius, and
the $D_\alpha$-spectral radius of complements of trees. As a consequence of
this result, we correct an ambiguity in the proofs of some of the known
results.
|
[
"math.CO"
] |
math.CO
|
Combinatorics
| 1,014Combinatorics
|
|
1207.3903
|
Despite more than a quarter century of research, the nature of the
second-order phase transition in the heavy-fermion metal URu$_2$Si$_2$ remains
enigmatic. The key question is which symmetry is being broken below this
"hidden order" transition. We review the recent progress on this issue,
particularly focusing on the thermodynamic evidence from very sensitive
micro-cantilever magnetic torque measurements that the fourfold rotational
symmetry of the underlying tetragonal crystal is broken. The angle dependence
of the torque under in-plane field rotation exhibits the twofold oscillation
term, which sets in just below the transition temperature. This observation
restricts the symmetry of the hidden order parameter to the $E^{+}$- or
$E^{-}$-type, depending on whether the time reversal symmetry is preserved or
not.
|
[
"cond-mat.str-el",
"cond-mat.supr-con"
] |
cond-mat.str-el
|
cond-mat.supr-con
|
Strongly Correlated Electrons;Superconductivity
| 7,053Strongly Correlated Electrons;Superconductivity
|
astro-ph/0601059
|
We discuss the instrumental and data reduction techniques used to suppress
speckle noise with the Simultaneous Differential Imager (SDI) implemented at
the VLT and the MMT. SDI uses a double Wollaston prism and a quad filter to
take 4 identical images simultaneously at 3 wavelengths surrounding the 1.62 um
methane bandhead found in the spectrum of cool brown dwarfs and gas giants. By
performing a difference of images in these filters, speckle noise from the
primary can be significantly attenuated, resulting in photon noise limited data
past 0.5''. Non-trivial data reduction tools are necessary to pipeline the
simultaneous differential imaging. Here we discuss a custom algorithm
implemented in IDL to perform this reduction. The script performs basic data
reduction tasks but also precisely aligns images taken in each of the filters
using a custom shift and subtract routine. In our survey of nearby young stars
at the VLT and MMT (see Biller et al., this conference), we achieved H band
contrasts >25000 (5 sigma Delta F1(1.575 um) > 10.0 mag, Delta H > 11.5 mag for
a T6 spectral type object) at a separation of 0.5" from the primary star. We
believe that our SDI images are among the highest contrast astronomical images
ever made from ground or space for methane rich companions.
|
[
"astro-ph"
] |
astro-ph
|
Astrophysics
| 463Astrophysics
|
|
2007.12122
|
We study the Killing vectors of the quantum ground-state manifold of a
parameter-dependent Hamiltonian. We find that the manifold may have symmetries
that are not visible at the level of the Hamiltonian and that different quantum
phases of matter exhibit different symmetries. We propose a Bianchi-based
classification of the various ground-state manifolds using the Lie algebra of
the Killing vector fields. Moreover, we explain how to exploit these symmetries
to find geodesics and explore their behaviour when crossing critical lines. We
briefly discuss the relation between geodesics, energy fluctuations and
adiabatic preparation protocols. Our primary example is the anisotropic
transverse-field Ising model. We also analyze the Ising limit and find analytic
solutions to the geodesic equations for both cases.
|
[
"cond-mat.stat-mech",
"hep-th",
"quant-ph"
] |
cond-mat.stat-mech
|
hep-th
|
Statistical Mechanics;High Energy Physics - Theory;Quantum Physics
| 6,909Statistical Mechanics;High Energy Physics - Theory;Quantum Physics
|
1506.04649
|
Luminous compact blue galaxies (LCBGs) have enhanced star formation rates and
compact morphologies. We combine Sloan Digital Sky Survey data with HI data of
29 LCBGs at redshift z~0 to understand their nature. We find that local LCBGs
have high atomic gas fractions (~50%) and star formation rates per stellar mass
consistent with some high redshift star forming galaxies. Many local LCBGs also
have clumpy morphologies, with clumps distributed across their disks. Although
rare, these galaxies appear to be similar to the clumpy star forming galaxies
commonly observed at z~1-3. Local LCBGs separate into three groups: 1.
Interacting galaxies (~20%); 2. Clumpy spirals (~40%); 3. Non-clumpy,
non-spirals with regular shapes and smaller effective radii and stellar masses
(~40%). It seems that the method of building up a high gas fraction, which then
triggers star formation, is not the same for all local LCBGs. This may lead to
a dichotomy in galaxy characteristics. We consider possible gas delivery
scenarios and suggest that clumpy spirals, preferentially located in clusters
and with companions, are smoothly accreting gas from tidally disrupted
companions and/or intracluster gas enriched by stripped satellites. Conversely,
as non-clumpy galaxies are preferentially located in the field and tend to be
isolated, we suggest clumpy, cold streams, which destroy galaxy disks and
prevent clump formation, as a likely gas delivery mechanism for these systems.
Other possibilities include smooth cold streams, a series of minor mergers, or
major interactions.
|
[
"astro-ph.GA"
] |
astro-ph.GA
|
Astrophysics of Galaxies
| 464Astrophysics of Galaxies
|
|
1810.11954
|
Multimodal search-based dialogue is a challenging new task: It extends
visually grounded question answering systems into multi-turn conversations with
access to an external database. We address this new challenge by learning a
neural response generation system from the recently released Multimodal
Dialogue (MMD) dataset (Saha et al., 2017). We introduce a knowledge-grounded
multimodal conversational model where an encoded knowledge base (KB)
representation is appended to the decoder input. Our model substantially
outperforms strong baselines in terms of text-based similarity measures (over 9
BLEU points, 3 of which are solely due to the use of additional information
from the KB.
|
[
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] |
cs.CL
|
cs.AI
|
Computation and Language;Artificial Intelligence
| 1,170Computation and Language;Artificial Intelligence
|
2011.14916
|
Lorentz-Violating (LV) scenario gets involved through a bumblebee field
vector field $B_\mu$. A spontaneous symmetry breaking allows the field to
acquires a vacuum expectation value that generates LV into the system. A
Kerr-Sen-like solution has been found out starting from the generalized form of
a radiating stationery axially symmetric black-hole metric. We compute the
effective potential offered by the null geodesics in the bumblebee rotating
black-hole spacetime. The shadow has been sketched for different variations of
the parameters involved in the system. A careful investigation has been carried
out to study how the shadow gets affected when Lorentz violation enters into
the picture. The emission rate of radiation has also been studied and how it
varies with the LV parameter $\ell$ is studied scrupulously.
|
[
"gr-qc",
"hep-th"
] |
gr-qc
|
hep-th
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Physics - Theory
| 2,746General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Physics - Theory
|
2305.11105
|
In the present paper, we study several aspects of gravitational lensing
caused by a topologically charged Monopole/Wormhole, both in the weak field
limit and in the strong field limit. We calculate the light deflection and then
use it to determine the observables, with which one can investigate the
existence of these objects through observational tools. We emphasize that the
presence of the topological charge produces changes in the observables in
relation to the case of General Relativity Ellis-Bronnikov wormhole.
|
[
"gr-qc"
] |
gr-qc
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
| 2,674General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
|
|
cs/0511102
|
Because a delay tolerant network (DTN) can often be partitioned, the problem
of routing is very challenging. However, routing benefits considerably if one
can take advantage of knowledge concerning node mobility. This paper addresses
this problem with a generic algorithm based on the use of a high-dimensional
Euclidean space, that we call MobySpace, constructed upon nodes' mobility
patterns. We provide here an analysis and the large scale evaluation of this
routing scheme in the context of ambient networking by replaying real mobility
traces. The specific MobySpace evaluated is based on the frequency of visit of
nodes for each possible location. We show that the MobySpace can achieve good
performance compared to that of the other algorithms we implemented, especially
when we perform routing on the nodes that have a high connection time. We
determine that the degree of homogeneity of mobility patterns of nodes has a
high impact on routing. And finally, we study the ability of nodes to learn
their own mobility patterns.
|
[
"cs.NI"
] |
cs.NI
|
Networking and Internet Architecture
| 4,711Networking and Internet Architecture
|
|
2311.03194
|
Deep neural networks (DNNs) that tackle the time series classification (TSC)
task have provided a promising framework in signal processing. In real-world
applications, as a data-driven model, DNNs are suffered from insufficient data.
Few-shot learning has been studied to deal with this limitation. In this paper,
we propose a novel few-shot learning framework through data augmentation, which
involves transformation through the time-frequency domain and the generation of
synthetic images through random erasing. Additionally, we develop a
sequence-spectrogram neural network (SSNN). This neural network model composes
of two sub-networks: one utilizing 1D residual blocks to extract features from
the input sequence while the other one employing 2D residual blocks to extract
features from the spectrogram representation. In the experiments, comparison
studies of different existing DNN models with/without data augmentation are
conducted on an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) dataset and a wind turbine
fault (WTF) dataset. The experimental results manifest that our proposed method
achieves 93.75% F1 score and 93.33% accuracy on the ALS datasets while 95.48%
F1 score and 95.59% accuracy on the WTF datasets. Our methodology demonstrates
its applicability of addressing the few-shot problems for time series
classification.
|
[
"cs.CV"
] |
cs.CV
|
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
| 1,498Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
|
|
0705.1725
|
We give an explicit expression for the frequencies of slowly damped
quasinormal modes of near-extreme Kerr black holes. It follows from this
expression that the near-extreme Kerr holes obey the Hod's bound: in the limit
of maximal rotation, $\lim \sup \omega_{IS}/T\leq \pi / \hbar$, where $\omega
_{IS}$ is the decay rate of the slowest decaying quasinormal mode, $T$ is the
black hole temperature. On the other hand, the bound is not saturated in the
sense that $\lim \inf \omega_{IS}/T< \pi /\hbar$ is a strict inequality. {\it
It remains unclear} whether the bound is saturated in the sense that $\lim \sup
\omega_{IS}/T= \pi /\hbar$.
|
[
"gr-qc"
] |
gr-qc
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
| 2,674General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
|
|
2308.11498
|
Deposition of giant microplastic particles from the atmosphere has been
observed in the most remote places on Earth. However, their deposition patterns
are difficult to reproduce using current atmospheric transport models. These
models usually treat particles as perfect spheres, whereas the real shapes of
microplastic particles are often far from spherical. Such particles experience
lower settling velocities compared to volume-equivalent spheres, leading to
longer atmospheric transport. Here, we present novel laboratory experiments on
the gravitational settling of microplastic fibers in air and find that their
settling velocities are reduced by up to 76% compared to spheres of the same
volume. An atmospheric transport model constrained with the experimental data
shows that shape-corrected settling velocities significantly increase the
horizontal and vertical transport of particles. Our model results show that
microplastic fibers of about 1 mm length emitted in populated areas can reach
extremely remote regions of the globe, including the High Arctic, which is not
the case for spheres. We also calculate that fibers with lengths of up to 100
{\mu}m settle slowly enough to be lifted high into the stratosphere, where
degradation by ultraviolet radiation may release chlorine and bromine, thus
potentially damaging the stratospheric ozone layer. These findings suggest that
the growing environmental burden and still increasing emissions of plastics
pose multiple threats to life on Earth.
|
[
"physics.ao-ph",
"physics.flu-dyn"
] |
physics.ao-ph
|
physics.flu-dyn
|
Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics;Fluid Dynamics
| 558Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics;Fluid Dynamics
|
2008.02109
|
We consider in this article the damped wave equation, in the
\textit{scale-invariant case} with combined two nonlinearities, which reads as
follows: \begin{displaymath} \d (E) \hspace{1cm} u_{tt}-\Delta
u+\frac{\mu}{1+t}u_t=|u_t|^p+|u|^q, \quad \mbox{in}\ \R^N\times[0,\infty),
\end{displaymath} with small initial data.\\ Compared to our previous work
\cite{Our}, we show in this article that the first hypothesis on the damping
coefficient $\mu$, namely $\mu < \frac{N(q-1)}{2}$, can be removed, and the
second one can be extended from $(0, \mu_*/2)$ to $(0, \mu_*)$ where $\mu_*>0$
is solution of $(q-1)\left((N+\mu_*-1)p-2\right) = 4$. Indeed, owing to a
better understanding of the influence of the damping term in the global
dynamics of the solution, we think that this new interval for $\mu$ describe
better the threshold between the blow-up and the global existence regions.
Moreover, taking advantage of the techniques employed in the problem $(E)$, we
also improve the result in \cite{LT2,Palmieri} in relationship with the Glassey
conjecture for the solution of $(E)$ but without the nonlinear term $|u|^q$.
More precisely, we extend the blow-up region from $p \in (1, p_G(N+\sigma)]$,
where $\sigma$ is given by \eqref{sigma} below, to $p \in (1, p_G(N+\mu)]$
giving thus a better estimate of the lifespan in this case.
|
[
"math.AP"
] |
math.AP
|
Analysis of PDEs
| 205Analysis of PDEs
|
|
1406.4189
|
Some dynamical aspects of gravitational collapse are explored in this paper.
A time-dependent spherically symmetric metric is proposed and the corresponding
Einstein field equations are derived. An ultrarelativistic dust-like
stress-momentum tensor is considered to obtain analytical solutions of these
equations, with a perfect fluid consisting of two purely radial fluxes -the
inwards flux of collapsing matter and the outwards flux of thermally emitted
radiation. Thermal emission is calculated by means of a simplistic but
illustrative model of unintercting collapsing shells. Our results show an
asymptotic approach to a maxiamal spacetime deformation without the formation
of event horizons. Tehe size of the body is slightly larger than the
Schwarzschild radius during most of its lifetime, so that tehre is no
contradiction with either observations or previous theorems concerning black
holes. The relation of the latter with our results is scrutinized in detail.
|
[
"gr-qc"
] |
gr-qc
|
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
| 2,674General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
|
|
2012.15408
|
Designing spatio-temporal forecasting models separately in a task-wise and
city-wise manner poses a burden for the expanding transportation network
companies. Therefore, a multi-task learning architecture is proposed in this
study by developing gated ensemble of spatio-temporal mixture of experts
network (GESME-Net) with convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN),
convolutional neural network (CNN), and recurrent neural network (RNN) for
simultaneously forecasting spatio-temporal tasks in a city as well as across
different cities. Furthermore, a task adaptation layer is integrated with the
architecture for learning joint representation in multi-task learning and
revealing the contribution of the input features utilized in prediction. The
proposed architecture is tested with data from Didi Chuxing for: (i)
simultaneously forecasting demand and supply-demand gap in Beijing, and (ii)
simultaneously forecasting demand across Chengdu and Xian. In both scenarios,
models from our proposed architecture outperformed the single-task and
multi-task deep learning benchmarks and ensemble-based machine learning
algorithms.
|
[
"cs.LG"
] |
cs.LG
|
Machine Learning
| 3,882Machine Learning
|
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