premises
sequencelengths 2
2
| conclusion
stringlengths 16
130
| label
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|
[
"Insects can spread disease and destroy crops.",
"Food crops are also produced for local consumption."
] | insects can destroy food | True |
[
"Insects can spread disease and destroy crops.",
"Insects such as the locust, cricket, and grasshopper are also mentioned."
] | locusts can spread disease and destroy crops | True |
[
"Insects can spread disease and destroy crops.",
"Insects such as the locust, cricket, and grasshopper are also mentioned."
] | Locusts can spread disease and destroy crops. | True |
[
"Insects can spread disease and destroy crops.",
"Crops are affected by insect pests."
] | pests destroy crops | True |
[
"Insects can spread disease and destroy crops.",
"Grain crops dominate the cropping structure."
] | insects can destroy grains | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Pulleys have sealed bearings."
] | sealed bearings are part of the machinery for lifting objects | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Tower cranes use pulleys to lift loads."
] | a crane uses pulleys | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Objects have mass."
] | A pulley is used for lifting mass. | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Lifting objects from the floor can hurt."
] | pulleys can prevent humans from getting hurt | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Objects have mass."
] | a pulley is used for lifting mass | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Pulleys A pulley is a chain, belt or rope wrapped around a wheel."
] | A belt wrapped around a wheel helps lift objects | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Pulleys A pulley is a chain, belt or rope wrapped around a wheel."
] | A chain wrapped around a wheel is used for lifting objects. | True |
[
"a pulley is used for lifting objects",
"Pulley A pulley makes work easier by changing direction of the force applied."
] | changing the direction of force applied can make lifting objects easier | True |
[
"Most species go through larval stages after hatching.",
"Larval stages concentrate on feeding and growth."
] | Most species concentrate on feeding and growth after hatching. | True |
[
"Most species go through larval stages after hatching.",
"Larval stages concentrate on feeding and growth."
] | Most species go through stages of feeding and growth after hatching | True |
[
"Most species go through larval stages after hatching.",
"Larval stages are particularly vulnerable."
] | most species go through vulnerable stages after hatching | True |
[
"Most species go through larval stages after hatching.",
"Larval stages concentrate on feeding and growth."
] | Most species concentrate on feeding and growth after hatching | True |
[
"Most species go through larval stages after hatching.",
"Brood are the larval and pupal stages of the ant."
] | An ant has a brood which is the larval and pupal process of the ant after hatching | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Consistent navigation Let people know where they are."
] | Travelling requires people knowing where they are. | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Image maps are used for navigation."
] | travelling requires maps | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Navigation is accomplished by clicking on a compass."
] | travelling may require a compass. | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Navigation relies on image maps."
] | Traveling requires image maps. | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Maps are very useful in navigating through challenging terrain."
] | Maps are used during travelling | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Automobile travel is such a popular mode of travel."
] | Going from place to place with an automobile requires navigation. | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Navigation is accomplished by clicking on a compass."
] | compasses aid travelling | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Navigation is awkward, so be sure to read the directions carefully."
] | travelling requires directions | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Navigation is a key element of space travel."
] | space exploration is not possible without navigation | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"GPS Waypoints facilitate navigation."
] | GPS waypoints can be used for accurate directions when traveling | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"Sailors of old used to navigate by the stars."
] | stars can be used for travelling | True |
[
"travelling requires navigation",
"For celestial navigation the navigator uses a sextant and a chronometer."
] | Travelling requires a tool such as a sextant | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"Functions Promote the quality of life."
] | Complex chemistry is needed to promote quality of life | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"Chemistry is primarily concerned with matter, energy, and their interactions."
] | the functions of life require energy | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"Life functions of cell growth and reproduction are seen."
] | Complex chemistry is needed to carry out cell growth and reproduction | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"Life is difficult and complex."
] | Difficult chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life. | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"An organism has a life cycle."
] | Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of organisms | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"All functions of life are carried out in cells."
] | Complex chemistry is carried out in cells | True |
[
"Complex chemistry is needed to carry out all the functions of life.",
"All functions of life are carried out in cells."
] | Complex chemistry occurs in cells | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"An animal species that is extinct has died out."
] | Mammals took advantage that the dinosaurs died out. | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"And then of course there's the dinosaur-killing meteor issue."
] | Mammals took advantage of the extinction-causing meteor | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"An asteroid impact has been blamed for the extinction that wiped out the dinosaurs."
] | Mammals took advantage of an asteroid impact. | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"Dinosaurs are extinct giant lizards."
] | Mammals took advantage of the extinction of giant lizards | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"Large dinosaurs roam the earth."
] | large animals that roamed the earth were replaced with mammals after their extinction | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"Dinosaurs are extinct giant lizards."
] | Mammals took advantage of the extinction of giant lizards | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"All humans are mammals."
] | humans took advantage of the extinction of dinosaurs | True |
[
"Mammals took advantage of the extinction of the dinosaurs.",
"All humans are mammals."
] | humans took advantage of the extinction of dinosaurs | True |
[
"Birds have relatively large brains and a high level of intelligence.",
"Large brains require large skulls."
] | Birds have relatively large skulls and a high level of intelligence | True |
[
"Birds have relatively large brains and a high level of intelligence.",
"And some male birds put on their brightest feathers and grow bigger brains."
] | some male birds have bright feathers | True |
[
"Birds have relatively large brains and a high level of intelligence.",
"All crows are birds."
] | Crows have relatively large brains and a high level of intelligence. | True |
[
"Birds have relatively large brains and a high level of intelligence.",
"Bird A bird is an animal with feathers."
] | Animals with feathers have brains. | True |
[
"cables are used for support by suspension bridges",
"There are metal cables, stainless steel, and plastic."
] | metal, stainless steel and plastic are used to support suspension bridges | True |
[
"cables are used for support by suspension bridges",
"The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge."
] | The Golden Gate Bridge is supported by cables | True |
[
"cables are used for support by suspension bridges",
"Some of the more famous ones are suspension bridges, such as the San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge."
] | cables are used for support by the Golden Gate Bridge | True |
[
"cables are used for support by suspension bridges",
"The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge."
] | Cable are used on the Golden Gate | True |
[
"cables are used for support by suspension bridges",
"That's why the cables in the Golden Gate Bridge are made of steel."
] | steel is used for support by suspension bridges | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Telescopes Telescopes Telescopes and microscopes both use two lenses to produce magnified images."
] | Two lenses to produce magnified images allow for detailed observation of celestial objects. | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"All telescopes collect light and magnify it ."
] | detailed observation of celestial objects requires light | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Stars are celestial objects consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium."
] | detailed oberservation of stars require a telescope | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"All telescopes collect light and magnify it ."
] | Detailed observation of celestial objects requires the collecting of light and magnifying it. | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Stars are celestial objects consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium."
] | Detailed observation of stars requires a telescope. | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Children learn to observe closely and describe in detail."
] | Closely observing celestial objects requires a telescope | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"With a refracting telescope, the eyepiece is at the end of the telescope."
] | detailed observation of celestial objects requires something with an eyepiece | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Stars are celestial objects consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium."
] | detailed observation of stars requires a telescope | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Stars are celestial objects consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium."
] | detailed observation of stars requires a telescope | True |
[
"detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope",
"Stars are celestial objects consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium."
] | If you want to see details of a star you need a telescope | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"DNA is copied in connection with celldivision."
] | DNA replication is the process in connection with cell division. | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"DNA DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid."
] | deoxyribonucleic acid replication is the process in which it is copied | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"DNA replication is necessary for cell division."
] | the process in which DNA is copied is necessary for cell division | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"DNA is copied in connection with celldivision."
] | DNA replication is connected with celldivision | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"DNA DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid."
] | deoxyribonucleic acid replication is the process in which deoxyribonucleic acid is copied. | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"DNA replication replicate 46 chromosomes in a few hours."
] | DNA copies 46 chromosomes in a few hours | True |
[
"DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied.",
"Interphase is when replication of the DNA occurs."
] | Interphase is when DNA is copied. | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Male mealybugs are tiny, gnatlike insects with two wings and long tails of white wax."
] | Male mealybugs have two pairs of wings for flight | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Dragonflies are ancient insects."
] | Dragonflies have two pairs of wings for flight. | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"During transonic flight, the air moving over a wing can travel from subsonic to supersonic and back."
] | Insects generally have two pairs of wings for moving themselves through the air. | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Primitive insects, such as dragonflies, have two pairs of equal sized, membranous wings."
] | Dragonflies have two pairs of wings for flight | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Dragonflies are ancient insects."
] | Dragonflies have two pairs of wings for flight. | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Many insects have wings, but arachnids have no wings."
] | arachnids lack wings | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Many insects have wings, but arachnids have no wings."
] | arachnids do not fly | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Flight enables many insects to move quickly away from predators."
] | insects generally have two pairs of wings to move quickly away from predators | True |
[
"Insects generally have two pairs of wings for flight.",
"Insects are bees, beetles, and butterflies."
] | most bees have two pairs of wings for flight. | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"An egg shell is mostly calcium carbonate."
] | bird eggs are hard shells | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"Calcium carbonate is a natural form of calcium."
] | Bird egg shells are natural. | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"Birds can do amazing things with their beaks, from cracking open a shell to turning an egg."
] | bird beaks can crack through hard calcium carbonate | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"Eagles are large birds."
] | eagle eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"Bird egg shells are hardened with calcium carbonate for added protection."
] | The calcium carbonate hardens and protects the shell. | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"Calcium carbonate is an antacid."
] | Bird eggs' shells and antacids are made of the same material | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"Birds include gulls, waterfowl, birds of prey and garden birds."
] | Gull eggs have hard shells made of calcium carbonate. | True |
[
"Bird eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells.",
"All hawks are birds."
] | hawk eggs have hard, calcium carbonate shells. | True |
[
"Amphibians are also important predators.",
"An animal that kills and eats another animal is called a predator."
] | amphibians eat other animals sometimes | True |
[
"Amphibians are also important predators.",
"Amphibians are important predators of insects, other invertebrates and vertebrates."
] | Amphibians are predators of insects | True |
[
"Amphibians are also important predators.",
"Predators are animals that eat other animals."
] | some amphibians eat other animals | True |
[
"Amphibians are also important predators.",
"Amphibians are important predators of insects, other invertebrates and vertebrates."
] | amphibians eat insects | True |
[
"Amphibians are also important predators.",
"Predators Predators consume many prey during their lifetime."
] | Amphibians consume prey. | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Bryophytes Bryophytes include the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts."
] | Mosses depend on moisture to reproduce | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Mosses and liverworts are bryophytes."
] | mosses depend on moisture to reproduce | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Bryophytes Bryophytes include the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts."
] | Mosses depend on moisture to reproduce | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Bryophytes Bryophytes include the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts."
] | mosses depend on moisture to reproduce | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Bryophytes Bryophytes include the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts."
] | mosses, liverworts, and hornworts depend on moisture to reproduce | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Bryophytes are mosses, liverworts, and hornworts."
] | mosses depend on moisture for reproduction | True |
[
"Bryophytes depend on moisture to reproduce.",
"Liverworts and sphagnum are examples of bryophytes."
] | Liverworts depend on moisture to reproduce. | True |
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