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data/README_lglex-lefff_EN.txt

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+LGLex-Lefff syntactic lexicon version 3.4 - 2011/10/05
+http://infolingu.univ-mlv.fr/
+License: LGPL-LR
+
+The LGLex-Lefff lexicon is a syntactic lexicon of French verbs and nouns 
+playing the predicative role converted in the Lefff format (Tolone & 
+Sagot, 2011; Tolone, 2011) from the LGLex lexicon.
+For more details about the Lefff lexicon and the framework it is based on, 
+named Alexina, see (Sagot, 2010).
+
+_____________________________________________
+Description of the intensional Lefff format :
+
+Each entry in the intensional lexicon corresponds to a unique meaning of 
+the corresponding lemma. It contains the following information:
+- an entry identifier generated by concatenating its grammatical category, 
+its class (or table) it comes from and the index of the entry in the table;
+- a morphological class, which defines the patterns that build its inflected 
+forms, using inflection classes from the Lefff;
+- a category (or part-of-speech);
+- the initial sub-categorization frame;
+- additional syntactic information represented by macros;
+- the list of possible redistributions;
+- an example of sentence with the entry;
+- a comment after the "#" symbol.
+
+For example, the intensional entry in the LGLex-Lefff lexicon for the French 
+lemma "clouer___V_36SL_28" (to nail) is as follows:
+
+clouer___V_36SL_28	v-er:std	100;Lemma;v;<Suj:cln|sn,Obj:sn,Loc:(avec-sn|et-sn|à-sn|sur-sn)>;cat=v;%actif,%passif,%ppp_employé_comme_adj	Ex.: Max a cloué cette planche(avec+contre+sur)celle-là # BASE CONSTR = N0 V N1 Loc N2 (N0 V N1 et N2 ; N0 V N1 Prép N2 ; N0 V N1hum Loc N2abs ; N0 V N1) [[passif par]] <> ; orig base constr = N0 V N1 Loc N2
+
+It describes a transitive entry with the following information:
+- its identifier is V_36SL_28, which correspond to the 28th entry in the 
+verb class 36SL;
+- its morphological class is "v-er:std", the class of standard first-conjugation 
+verbs (ending "-er");
+- its semantic predicate can be represented by the "Lemma" as is, i.e., "clouer";
+- its category is "verb" (v);
+- it has three arguments canonically realized by the syntactic functions Suj 
+(subject), Obj (direct object) and Loc (locative argument); each syntactic 
+function is associated with a list of possible realizations, but the Loc is 
+optional as shown by the brackets;
+- it allows for three different redistributions: %active, %passive, and 
+%ppp_employé_comme_adj;
+- its example is Max a cloué cette planche(avec+contre+sur)celle-là (Max 
+has nailed this board(with+by+on)that one).
+
+____________________________________________
+Description of the extensional Lefff format:
+
+The compilation process builds one extensional entry for each inflected form 
+and each compatible redistribution, by inflecting the lemma according to the 
+definition of its morphological class and by applying the formalized 
+definitions of these redistributions.
+For example, the only inflected forms of "clouer" that are compatible with the 
+passive redistribution are the past participle forms. The extensional passive 
+entry for "cloués" (nailed) is the following (Kmp is the morphological tag for 
+past participle masculine plural forms):
+
+cloués	100	v	[pred="clouer___V_36SL_28__1<Suj:sn,Loc:(avec-sn|et-sn|sur-sn|à-sn),Obl2:(par-sn)>",@passive,@pers,cat=v,@Kmp]	clouer___V_36SL_28__1	PastParticiple	Kmp	%passif
+
+The original direct object (Obj) has been transformed into the passive 
+Subject, and an optional Agent (Obl2) realized by a noun phrase preceded 
+by a preposition ("par-sn") was added.
+
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+Syntactic functions, realizations, redistributions and macros in the LGLex-Lefff lexicon:
+
+For verbs, the Lefff format uses the following syntactic functions:
+- Suj for subject: cliticization with the nominative clitic;
+- Obj for direct object: cliticization with the accusative clitic, commutable 
+with "ceci/cela" (this/that), impacted by passivization when it is possible;
+- Objà for indirect object canonically introduced by the preposition "à": 
+commutable with "à+non-clitic pronoun" but not with "ici" (here) or "là(-bas)" 
+(there), may be cliticizable into the dative clitic or "y";
+- Objde for indirect object introduced by the preposition "de": cliticization 
+with "en", not commutable with "d'ici" (from here) or "de là" (from there);
+- Loc for locative argument: commutable with "ici" (here) or "là(-bas)" (there), 
+cliticizable with "y": e.g. "à Paris" in Pierre va à Paris (Peter goes to Paris);
+- Dloc for delocative argument: commutable with "d'ici" (from here) or "de là" 
+(from there), cliticizable with "en": e.g., "de Paris" in Pierre vient de Paris 
+(Peter comes from Paris);
+- Att for (subject, object or "à"-object) attribute and pseudo-object: e.g., 
+"3 euros" in J'ai acheté ceci 3 euros (I bought this 3 euros);
+- Obl and Obl2 for other (non-cliticizable) arguments; Obl2 is used for verbs 
+with two oblique arguments, such as "plaider auprès de quelqu'un en faveur de 
+quelqu'un d'autre" (To plead in front of somebody for somebody else).
+
+For predicative nouns, that can be headed by a support verb, the same set of 
+functions are used.
+
+For verbs and nouns, possible realizations are threefold:
+- clitic pronouns: cln for nominative clitic: e.g., "il" in Il donne ce livre 
+à Marie (He gives this book to Mary), cla for accusative clitic: e.g., "le" in 
+Il le donne à Marie (He gives it to Mary), cld for dative clitic: e.g., "lui" 
+in Il lui donne ce livre (He gives her this book), y: e.g., Max y va (Max goes 
+there), en: e.g., Max en mange (Max eats it);
+- direct phrases: sn for noun phrase: e.g., "La belle dame" in La belle dame 
+arrive (The beautiful lady arrives), sa  for adjectival phrase: e.g., "verte" 
+in La robe est verte (The dress is green), sinf for infinitive clause: e.g., 
+"dire aurevoir" in Pierre est parti dire aurevoir (Peter left to say goodbye), 
+scompl for completive clause: e.g., "que Marie est belle" in Pierre dit que 
+Marie est belle (Peter says that Marie is beautiful), qcompl for interrogative 
+clause: e.g., "combien il gagne" in Pierre dit combien il gagne (Peter said 
+how much he earns);
+- prepositional phrases: a direct phrase introduced by a preposition (e.g., 
+à-sn, de-scompl, pour-sinf).
+
+For verbs, the inventory of possible redistributions is the following:
+- %actif, a dummy redistribution that has almost no effect on the initial 
+sub-categorization information;
+- %passif for the standard passive in "par": e.g., Jean assistait Max depuis 
+des années-> Max était assisté par Jean depuis des années (John has assisted 
+Max for years -> Max has been assisted by John for years);
+- %passif_de for the passive in "de": e.g., Marie aime Pierre -> Pierre est 
+aimé de Marie (Mary loves Peter -> Peter is loved by Mary);
+- %actif_impersonnel for active impersonal constructions with inverted subject, 
+if any: e.g., Un accident est arrivé à Jean -> Il est arrivé un accident à Jean
+(An accident happened to John);
+- %passif_impersonnel for passive impersonal constructions with inverted 
+subject, if any: e.g., Cette nouvelle information clarifie pourquoi Max est 
+fâché -> Il est clarifié par cette nouvelle information pourquoi Max est fâché 
+(This new information clarifies why Max is angry -> It is clarified by this 
+new information why Max is angry);
+- %ppp_employé_comme_adj for past participles used as adjectives: e.g., Marie 
+s'assoie -> Marie est assise (Mary is sitting -> Mary is seated).
+
+Predicative nouns only use the %default construction that builds a final 
+sub-categorization frame which is identical to the initial one.
+
+For verbs and nouns, macros represents additional syntactic information such as:
+- control: for instance, @CtrlSujObj indicates that if it is realized as an 
+infinitive clause, the object is controlled by the subject: e.g., "chercher 
+du pain" is controlled by "Pierre" in Pierre va chercher du pain (Peter goes 
+to get bread);
+- mood of the complementizer phrase: @SCompInd indicates that if the subject 
+is realized as a completive clause, its mood is indicative: e.g., "qu'il fait 
+beau" in Pierre dit qu'il fait beau (Peter says that the weather is good); on 
+the contrary, @CompSubj indicates that if the direct object is realized as a 
+completive clause, its mood is subjunctive: e.g., "qu'il fasse beau" in Pierre 
+veut qu'il fasse beau (Peter wants that the weather be good); the following 
+abbreviations are used: S for subject, nothing for direct object, A for indirect 
+object introduced by the preposition "à", De for indirect object introduced by 
+the preposition "de"; by default, the two modes are possible;
+- human or non human noun phrase: @ObjàNhum indicates that the indirect object 
+introduced by the preposition "à" can denote a person, or an animal 
+linguistically assimilated to a person when is realized by a noun phrase: e.g., 
+Vercingetorix s’est rendu à l'ennemi (Vercingetorix surrendered to the enemy); 
+on the contrary, @ObjàN-hum indicates that the indirect object introduced by 
+the preposition "à" can be non human: e.g., Jean s’est rendu à mon opinion 
+(John finally accepted my opinion); in this case, @ObjàNhum and @ObjàN-hum 
+are not in the same entry because the sense of "se rendre" (to accept/to 
+surrender) is different; in other cases, for instance, Max va tomber (Max 
+goes down) and Le verre va tomber (The glass will fall), @SujNhum and 
+@SujN-hum indicate that the subject can denote a human or a non human for 
+the same entry; if no indication is given for an argument, we can consider 
+both are always possible.
+
+In addition, for verbs, there are other macros such as:
+- auxiliary conjugation: @avoir: e.g., the verb "achever" in "Max a achevé de 
+peindre le mur" (Max has finished painting the wall) or @être: e.g., the verb 
+"s'arrêter" in "Max s'est arrêté de boire" (Max stopped drinking);
+- pronominal verb: @pron: e.g., the verb "arrêter" in the previous example 
+(s'arrêter);
+- necessarily negative verb: @neg: e.g., the verb "rajeunir" in "Que sa fille 
+ait 20 ans ne rajeunit pas Max" (His daughter being 20 years doesn't make Max 
+feel very young);
+- other clitic pronouns necessarily frozen with the verb: @pseudo-en: e.g., 
+the verb "baver" in "Max en bave avec Luc" (Max has a hard time with Luc), 
+@pseudo-y: e.g., the verb "aller" in "Luc y va" (Luc leaves), @pseudo-le: e.g., 
+the verb "disputer" in "La haine le dispute à la colère" (Hate and ire are 
+competing), @pseudo-la: e.g., the verb "fermer" in "Fermez-la" (Shut up), 
+@pseudo-les: e.g., the verb "aligner" in "Max les aligne à Luc" (Max gives the 
+money to Luc).
+
+___________
+References:
+
+Tolone, Elsa & Sagot, Benoît (2011). Using Lexicon-Grammar tables for French 
+verbs in a large-coverage parser. Edited by Z. Vetulani in Human Language 
+Technology, Forth Language and Technology Conference, LTC 2009, Poznán, 
+Poland, November 2009, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Artificial 
+Intelligence (LNAI). Springer Verlag.
+
+Tolone, Elsa (2011). Analyse syntaxique à l'aide des tables du Lexique-Grammaire 
+du français. Thèse de doctorat, LIGM, Université Paris-Est. 340 pp.
+
+Sagot, Benoît (2010). The Lefff, a freely available and large-coverage 
+morphological and syntactic lexicon for French. Proceedings of the 7th 
+Language Resource and Evaluation Conference (LREC'10), 8 pp. La Valette, Malta.

data/README_lglex-lefff_FR.txt

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+Lexique syntaxique LGLex-Lefff version 3.4 - 2011/10/05
+http://infolingu.univ-mlv.fr/
+Licence: LGPL-LR
+
+Le lexique LGLex-Lefff est un lexique syntaxique des verbes et des noms 
+prédicatifs du français converti au format Lefff (Tolone & Sagot, 2011) à 
+partir du lexique LGLex.
+Pour plus de détails sur le lexique Lefff et le formalisme Alexina sur 
+lequel il repose, voir (Sagot, 2010).
+
+_____________________________________________
+Description du format intensionnel du Lefff :
+
+Chaque entrée du lexique intensionnel correspond à un sens unique du lemme 
+correspondant et contient les informations suivantes :
+- un identifiant de l'entrée qui indique sa catégorie, la classe (ou table) 
+dont elle provient et le numéro de l'entrée dans cette table.
+- une classe morphologique, qui définit le modèle qui construit les formes 
+fléchies en reposant sur les classes flexionnelles du Lefff ;
+- une catégorie ;
+- le cadre de sous-catégorisation initial ;
+- des informations syntaxiques supplémentaires représentées par des macros ;
+- la liste des redistributions possibles ;
+- un exemple de phrase contenant l'entrée ;
+- un commentaire après le symbole "#".
+
+Par exemple, l'entrée intensionnelle du lexique LGLex-Lefff pour le lemme 
+"clouer___V_36SL_28" est comme suit :
+
+clouer___V_36SL_28	v-er:std	100;Lemma;v;<Suj:cln|sn,Obj:sn,Loc:(avec-sn|et-sn|à-sn|sur-sn)>;cat=v;%actif,%passif,%ppp_employé_comme_adj	Ex.: Max a cloué cette planche(avec+contre+sur)celle-là # BASE CONSTR = N0 V N1 Loc N2 (N0 V N1 et N2 ; N0 V N1 Prép N2 ; N0 V N1hum Loc N2abs ; N0 V N1) [[passif par]] <> ; orig base constr = N0 V N1 Loc N2
+
+Cela décrit une entrée transitive avec les informations suivantes :
+- son identifiant est V_36SL_28, ce qui correspond à la 28ème entrée de la 
+table des verbes de la classe 36SL ;
+- sa classe morphologique est "v-er:std", la classe de la conjugaison standard 
+des verbes du 1er groupe (se terminant par "-er") ;
+- son prédicat sémantique peut être représentée par "Lemma" comme c'est le cas 
+ici, c'est-à-dire "clouer" ;
+- sa catégorie est "verbe" (v) ;
+- elle a trois arguments réalisés canoniquement par la fonction syntaxique Suj 
+(sujet), Obj (objet direct) et Loc (argument locatif) ; chaque fonction 
+syntaxique est associée à une liste de réalisations possibles, mais le Loc 
+est optionnel comme le montre les parenthèses ;
+- elle est employée dans trois redistributions différentes : %active, %passive, 
+et %ppp_employé_comme_adj ;
+- son exemple est Max a cloué cette planche(avec+contre+sur)celle-là.
+
+_____________________________________________
+Description du format extensionnel du Lefff :
+
+Le processus de compilation construit une entrée extensionnelle pour chaque 
+forme fléchie et chaque redistribution compatible, en flechissant le lemme 
+d'après la définition de sa classe morphologique et en appliquant les 
+définitions formalisées de ses redistributions.
+Par exemple, les seules formes fléchies de "clouer" qui sont compatibles avec 
+la redistribution passive sont les formes au participe passé. L'entrée 
+extentionnelle du passif pour "cloués" est la suivante (Kmp est l'étiquette 
+morphologique pour les formes du participe passé au masculin pluriel) :
+
+cloués	100	v	[pred="clouer___V_36SL_28__1<Suj:sn,Loc:(avec-sn|et-sn|sur-sn|à-sn),Obl2:(par-sn)>",@passive,@pers,cat=v,@Kmp]	clouer___V_36SL_28__1	PastParticiple	Kmp	%passif
+
+L'objet direct original (Obj) a été transformé par un Sujet passif et un Agent 
+optionnel (Obl2) réalisé par un syntagme nominal précédé par une préposition 
+("par-sn") a été ajouté.
+
+_______________________________________________________________________________
+Fonctions syntaxiques, réalisations, redistributions et macros du lexique LGLex-Lefff :
+
+Pour les verbes, le format Lefff format comprend les fonctions syntaxiques 
+suivantes :
+- Suj pour sujet : la forme clitique est celle d'un clitique nominatif ;
+- Obj pour objet direct : la forme clitique est celle d’un clitique accusatif, 
+substituable par "ceci/cela", translaté par passivation lorsque c'est possible ;
+- Objà pour objet indirect canoniquement introduit par la préposition "à" : 
+substituable par "à+pronom non-clitique" mais pas par "ici" ou "là(-bas)", 
+cliticisation possible à l’aide du clitique datif ou du clitique locatif "y" ;
+- Objde pour objet indirect introduit par la préposition "de" : cliticisation
+à l'aide du clitique génitif "en", non substituable par "d'ici" ou "de là" ;
+- Loc pour argument locatif : substituable par "ici" ou "là(-bas)", 
+cliticisation à l'aide du clitique locatif "y" (ex: "à Paris" dans Pierre 
+va à Paris);
+- Dloc pour argument délocatif : substituable par "d'ici" ou "de là", 
+cliticisation à l'aide du clitique génitif "en" (ex: "de Paris" dans Pierre 
+vient de Paris);
+- Att pour attribut (du sujet, de l'objet ou de l'"à"-object) et pseudo-objet 
+(ex: "3 euros" dans J'ai acheté ceci 3 euros) ;
+- Obl et Obl2 pour les autres arguments (non-cliticisables) ; Obl2 est utilisé 
+pour les verbes ayant deux arguments obliques, tel que "plaider auprès de 
+quelqu'un en faveur de quelqu'un d'autre".
+
+Pour les noms prédicatifs, ils peuvent être portés par un verbe support, le 
+même ensemble de fonctions est utilisé.
+
+Pour les verbes et les noms, les réalisations possibles sont de trois sortes :
+- pronom clitique : cln pour clitique nominatif (ex: "il" dans Il donne 
+ce livre à Marie), cla pour clitique accusatif (ex: "le" dans Il le donne 
+à Marie), cld pour clitique datif (ex: "lui" dans Il lui donne ce livre), 
+y pour clitique locatif (ex: Max y va), en pour clitique génitif 
+(ex: Max en mange);
+- syntagme direct : sn pour syntagme nominal (ex: "La belle dame" dans 
+La belle dame arrive), sa pour syntagme adjectival (ex: "verte" dans 
+La robe est verte), sinf pour syntagme infinitif (ex: "dire aurevoir" 
+dans Pierre est parti dire aurevoir), scompl pour syntagme phrastique 
+fini (ex: "que Marie est belle" dans Pierre dit que Marie est belle), 
+qcompl pour interrogative indirecte (ex: "combien il gagne" in Pierre 
+dit combien il gagne) ;
+- syntagme prépositionnel : un syntagme direct introduit par une 
+préposition (ex: de-sn, de-scompl, pour-sinf).
+
+Pour les verbes, l'inventaire des redistributions possibles est le suivant :
+- %actif, une redistribution factice qui n'a presque aucun effet sur les 
+informations du cadre de sous-catégorisation initial ;
+- %passif pour le passif standard en "par" (ex: Jean assistait Max depuis 
+des années-> Max était assisté par Jean depuis des années);
+- %passif_de pour le passif en "de" (ex: Marie aime Pierre -> Pierre est 
+aimé de Marie) ;
+- %actif_impersonnel pour les constructions impersonnelles à l'actif avec 
+le sujet inversé, le cas échéant (ex: Un accident est arrivé à Jean -> Il 
+est arrivé un accident à Jean);
+- %passif_impersonnel pour les constructions impersonnelles au passif avec 
+le sujet inversé, le cas échéant (ex: Cette nouvelle information clarifie 
+pourquoi Max est faché -> Il est clarifié par cette nouvelle information 
+pourquoi Max est faché);
+- %ppp_employé_comme_adj pour les participes passés employés comme adjectifs 
+(ex: Marie s'assoie -> Marie est assise).
+
+Les noms prédicatifs ont uniquement la construction %default qui construit 
+un cadre de sous-catégoriation final identique à l'initial.
+
+Pour les verbes et les noms, les macros representent des informations 
+syntaxiques supplémentaires telles que :
+- contrôle : par exemple, @CtrlSujObj indique que s'il est réalisé par 
+un syntagme infinitif, l'objet est contrôlé par le sujet (ex: "chercher 
+du pain" est contrôlé par "Pierre" dans Pierre va chercher du pain);
+- mode de la complétive : @SCompInd indique que si le sujet est réalisé 
+par un syntagme phrastique fini, son mode est l'indicatif (ex: "qu'il fait 
+beau" dans Pierre dit qu'il fait beau) ; au contraire, @CompSubj indique 
+que si l'objet direct est réalisé par un syntagme phrastique fini, son mode 
+est le subjonctif (ex: "qu'il fasse beau" dans Pierre veut qu'il fasse beau); 
+les abréviations sont S pour sujet, rien pour objet direct, A pour objet 
+indirect introduit par la préposition "à", De pour objet indirect introduit 
+par la préposition "de" ; par défaut, les deux modes sont possibles ;
+- syntagme nominal humain ou non humain : @ObjàNhum indique que l'objet 
+indirect introduit par la préposition "à" peut dénoter une personne ou un 
+animal linguistiquement assimilé à une personne lorsqu'il est réalisé par un 
+syntagme nominal (ex: Vercingetorix s’est rendu à l'ennemi) ; au contraire, 
+@ObjàN-hum indique que l'objet indirect introduit par la préposition "à" peut 
+dénoter un non humain (Jean s’est rendu à mon opinion) ; dans ce cas, @ObjàNhum 
+et @ObjàN-hum ne font pas partie de la même entrée car le sens de "se rendre" 
+est différent ; dans d'autres cas, par exemple, Max va tomber et Le verre va 
+tomber, @SujNhum et @SujN-hum indiquent que le sujet peut dénoté un humain et
+un non humain pour la même entrée ; si aucune indication n'est donné pour un 
+argument, on peut considérer que les deux sont toujours possibles.
+
+De plus, pour les verbes, les autres macros sont :
+Les informations syntaxiques complémentaires les plus intéressantes sont 
+représentées sous forme de
+- auxiliaire de conjugaison du verbe : @avoir(ex: "achever" dans "Max a achevé 
+de peindre le mur") ou @être (ex: "s'arrêter" "Max s'est arrêté de boire") ;
+- caractère (essentiellement) pronominal du verbe : @pron (ex:arrêter dans 
+l'exemple précédent) ;
+- caractère obligatoirement négatif du verbe : @neg (ex: "rajeunir" dans "Que sa 
+fille ait 20 ans ne rajeunit pas Max");
+- autres clitiques obligatoirement figés au verbe : @pseudo-en (ex: "baver" dans 
+"Max en bave avec Luc"), @pseudo-y (ex: le verbe "aller" dans "Luc y va"), 
+@pseudo-le (ex: le verbe "disputer" dans "La haine le dispute à la colère"), 
+@pseudo-la (ex: "fermer" dans "Fermez-la"), @pseudo-les ("aligner" dans "Max les 
+aligne à Luc")~;
+
+____________
+Références :
+
+Tolone, Elsa & Sagot, Benoît (2011). Using Lexicon-Grammar tables for French 
+verbs in a large-coverage parser. Edité par Z. Vetulani dans Human Language 
+Technology, Forth Language and Technology Conference, LTC 2009, Poznán, 
+Poland, November 2009, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Artificial 
+Intelligence (LNAI). Springer Verlag.
+
+Tolone, Elsa (2011). Analyse syntaxique à l'aide des tables du Lexique-Grammaire 
+du français. Thèse de doctorat, LIGM, Université Paris-Est. 340 pp.
+
+Sagot, Benoît (2010). The Lefff, a freely available and large-coverage 
+morphological and syntactic lexicon for French. Actes du 7ème Language 
+Resource and Evaluation Conference (LREC'10), 8 pp. La Valette, Malte.

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+<html xml:lang="en-US" lang="en-US">
+	<head>
+		<title>LGPLLR</title>
+		<meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
+		<style><!--
+			body { margin:2%; background:#bbbbff;}
+			h1 { font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000; text-align: center}
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+	</head>
+	<body dir="LTR" lang="en-US">
+		<h1><a name="SEC1"/>Lesser General Public License For Linguistic Resources</h1>
+		<p><br/><br/></p>
+		<h2 class="western" lang="en-US"><a name="SEC2"/>Preamble</h2>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">The licenses for most data are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, this License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free data--to make sure the data are free for all their users.</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">This license, the Lesser General Public License for Linguistic Resources, applies to some specially designated linguistic resources -- typically lexicons, grammars, thesauri and textual corpora.</p>
+		<h2 class="western" lang="en-US">
+			<a name="SEC3"/>TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION</h2>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">0.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> This License Agreement applies to any Linguistic Resource which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this Lesser General Public License for Linguistic Resources (also called "this License"). Each licensee is addressed as "you".</span>
+		</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">A "linguistic resource" means a collection of data about language prepared so as to be used with application programs.</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">The "Linguistic Resource", below, refers to any such work which has been distributed under these terms. A "work based on the Linguistic Resource" means either the Linguistic Resource or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Linguistic Resource or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".)</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">"Legible form" for a linguistic resource means the preferred form of the resource for making modifications to it.</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running a program using the Linguistic Resource is not restricted, and output from such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Linguistic Resource (independent of the use of the Linguistic Resource in a tool for writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the program that uses the Linguistic Resource does.</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">1.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Linguistic Resource as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the Linguistic Resource. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">2.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> You may modify your copy or copies of the Linguistic Resource or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Linguistic Resource, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:</span>
+		</p>
+		<UL>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">a)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> The modified work must itself be a linguistic resource.</span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">b)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">c)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+		</UL>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.27cm">These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Linguistic Resource, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Linguistic Resource, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.27cm">Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Linguistic Resource.</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.27cm">In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Linguistic Resource with the Linguistic Resource (or with a work based on the Linguistic Resource) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License.</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">3.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the Linguistic Resource, but is designed to work with the Linguistic Resource (or an encrypted form of the Linguistic Resource) by reading it or being compiled or linked with it, is called a "work that uses the Linguistic Resource". Such a work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Linguistic Resource, and therefore falls outside the scope of this License.</span>
+		</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">However, 
+      combining a "work that uses the Linguistic Resource" with the Linguistic 
+      Resource (or an encrypted form of the Linguistic Resource) creates a 
+      package that is a derivative of the Linguistic Resource (because it 
+      contains portions of the Linguistic Resource), rather than a "work that 
+      uses the Linguistic Resource". If the package is a derivative of the 
+      Linguistic Resource, you may distribute the package under the terms of 
+      Section 4. Any works containing that package also fall under Section 4. 
+      </p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">4.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> As an exception to the 
+      Sections above, you may also combine a "work that uses the Linguistic 
+      Resource" with the Linguistic Resource (or an encrypted form of the 
+      Linguistic Resource) to produce a package containing portions of the 
+      Linguistic Resource, and distribute that package under terms of your 
+      choice, provided that the terms permit modification of the package for the 
+      customer's own use and reverse engineering for debugging such 
+      modifications. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">You must 
+      give prominent notice with each copy of the package that the Linguistic 
+      Resource is used in it and that the Linguistic Resource and its use are 
+      covered by this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the 
+      package during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the 
+      copyright notice for the Linguistic Resource among them, as well as a 
+      reference directing the user to the copy of this License. Also, you must 
+      do one of these things: </p>
+		<UL>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">a)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> Accompany the package 
+        with the complete corresponding machine-readable legible form of the 
+        Linguistic Resource including whatever changes were used in the package 
+        (which must be distributed under Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the 
+        package contains an encrypted form of the Linguistic Resource, with the 
+        complete machine-readable "work that uses the Linguistic Resource", as 
+        object code and/or source code, so that the user can modify the 
+        Linguistic Resource and then encrypt it to produce a modified package 
+        containing the modified Linguistic Resource. </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">b)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> Use a suitable mechanism 
+        for combining with the Linguistic Resource. A suitable mechanism is one 
+        that will operate properly with a modified version of the Linguistic 
+        Resource, if the user installs one, as long as the modified version is 
+        interface-compatible with the version that the package was made with. 
+        </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">c)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> Accompany the package 
+        with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give the same 
+        user the materials specified in Subsection 4a, above, for a charge no 
+        more than the cost of performing this distribution. </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">d)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> If distribution of the 
+        package is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, 
+        offer equivalent access to copy the above specified materials from the 
+        same place. </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+			<li>
+				<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+					<strong>
+						<span lang="en-US">e)</span>
+					</strong>
+					<span lang="en-US"> Verify that the user has 
+        already received a copy of these materials or that you have already sent 
+        this user a copy. </span>
+				</p>
+			</li>
+		</UL>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">If the 
+      package includes an encrypted form of the Linguistic Resource, the 
+      required form of the "work that uses the Linguistic Resource" must include 
+      any data and utility programs needed for reproducing the package from it. 
+      However, as a special exception, the materials to be distributed need not 
+      include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 
+      form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 
+      operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 
+      itself accompanies the executable. </p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">It may 
+      happen that this requirement contradicts the license restrictions of 
+      proprietary libraries that do not normally accompany the operating system. 
+      Such a contradiction means you cannot use both them and the Linguistic 
+      Resource together in a package that you distribute. </p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">5.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> You may not copy, modify, 
+      sublicense, link with, or distribute the Linguistic Resource except as 
+      expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, 
+      modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute the Linguistic Resource is 
+      void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 
+      However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this 
+      License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties 
+      remain in full compliance. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">6.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> You are not required to 
+      accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else 
+      grants you permission to modify or distribute the Linguistic Resource or 
+      its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not 
+      accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the 
+      Linguistic Resource (or any work based on the Linguistic Resource), you 
+      indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and 
+      conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Linguistic Resource 
+      or works based on it. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">7.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> Each time you redistribute 
+      the Linguistic Resource (or any work based on the Linguistic Resource), 
+      the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor 
+      to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Linguistic Resource subject 
+      to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions 
+      on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not 
+      responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License. 
+      </span>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">8.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> If, as a consequence of a 
+      court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other 
+      reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you 
+      (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the 
+      conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of 
+      this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously 
+      your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, 
+      then as a consequence you may not distribute the Linguistic Resource at 
+      all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free 
+      redistribution of the Linguistic Resource by all those who receive copies 
+      directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy 
+      both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of 
+      the Linguistic Resource. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">If any 
+      portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any 
+      particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply, 
+      and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. 
+      </p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">It is not 
+      the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other 
+      property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this 
+      section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free 
+      resource distribution system which is implemented by public license 
+      practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range 
+      of data distributed through that system in reliance on consistent 
+      application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he 
+      or she is willing to distribute resources through any other system and a 
+      licensee cannot impose that choice. </p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">This 
+      section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a 
+      consequence of the rest of this License. </p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">9.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> If the distribution and/or 
+      use of the Linguistic Resource is restricted in certain countries either 
+      by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who 
+      places the Linguistic Resource under this License may add an explicit 
+      geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that 
+      distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In 
+      such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the 
+      body of this License. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">10.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> The Free Software 
+      Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the Lesser General 
+      Public License for Linguistic Resources from time to time. Such new 
+      versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ 
+      in detail to address new problems or concerns. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p lang="en-US" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">Each 
+      version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Linguistic 
+      Resource specifies a version number of this License which applies to it 
+      and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and 
+      conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the 
+      Free Software Foundation. If the Linguistic Resource does not specify a 
+      license version number, you may choose any version ever published by the 
+      Free Software Foundation. </p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">11.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> If you wish to incorporate 
+      parts of the Linguistic Resource into other free programs whose 
+      distribution conditions are incompatible with these, write to the author 
+      to ask for permission. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm; text-align: center">
+			<strong>NO WARRANTY</strong>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">12.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> BECAUSE THE LINGUISTIC 
+      RESOURCE IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. </span>
+		</p>
+		<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.49cm; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.49cm">
+			<strong>
+				<span lang="en-US">13.</span>
+			</strong>
+			<span lang="en-US"> IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE LINGUISTIC RESOURCE TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 
+      </span>
+		</p>
+		<h2 class="western" lang="en-US">END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h2>
+	</body>
+</html>