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"This work is devoted to capturing Emirati-accented speech database (Arabic United Arab Emirates database) in each of neutral and shouted talking environments in order to study and enhance text-independent Emirati-accented speaker identification performance in shouted environment based on each of First-Order Circular Suprasegmental Hidden Markov Models (CSPHMM1s), Second-Order Circular Suprasegmental Hidden Markov Models (CSPHMM2s), and Third-Order Circular Suprasegmental Hidden Markov Models (CSPHMM3s) as classifiers. In this research, our database was collected from fifty Emirati native speakers (twenty five per gender) uttering eight common Emirati sentences in each of neutral and shouted talking environments. The extracted features of our collected database are called Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs). Our results show that average Emirati-accented speaker identification performance in neutral environment is 94.0%, 95.2%, and 95.9% based on CSPHMM1s, CSPHMM2s, and CSPHMM3s, respectively. On the other hand, the average performance in shouted environment is 51.3%, 55.5%, and 59.3% based, respectively, on CSPHMM1s, CSPHMM2s, and CSPHMM3s. The achieved average speaker identification performance in shouted environment based on CSPHMM3s is very similar to that obtained in subjective assessment by human listeners. " | Emirati-accented speech, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, Speech Analysis | 44,167 | [
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"our",
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"fifty",
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"of",
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"our",
"collected",
"database",
"are",
"called",
"Mel-Frequency",
"Cepstral",
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"show",
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"average",
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"speaker",
"identification",
"performance",
"in",
"neutral",
"environment",
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"55.5%,",
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"shouted",
"environment",
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"The response is studied of a narrow-band conductor with bcc lattice to a low-frequency signal under presence of a high-frequency signal. In a high enough dc electric field Ex, the conduction electrons form a bistable system, which results in spontaneous appearance of a transverse electric field Ey. Ac field along y axis leads to amplification of the low-frequency signal with non-monotonous dependence of the gain on the high-frequency field amplitude, so that vibrational resonance takes place. Besides, high-frequency field induced nonequilibrium phase transition is found. " | conductor response, high-frequency signal, vibrational resonance | 2,283 | [
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"We are investigating universal relations between different normalisations of the moment of inertia and the compactness of neutron and strange stars. Slowly rotating as well as rapidly rotating models are studied in General Relativity, $\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity and scalar--tensor theories of gravity. Moment of inertia -- compactness relations are examined for different normalisations of the moment of inertia. It is shown that for all studied cases the deviations from EOS universality are small for the examined equations of state. It turns out that in some of the cases the examined relations are also theory independent to a good extent. Universality in relations between the maximum mass and the moment of inertia for some unstable models is also investigated. " | universal relations, moment of inertia, compactness | 35,127 | [
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"High-purity germanium detectors are well suited to analysis the radioactivity of samples. In order to reduce the environmental background, low-activity lead and oxygen free copper are installed outside of the probe to shield gammas, outmost is a plastic scintillator to veto the cosmic rays, and an anti-Compton detector can improve the Peak-to-Compton ratio. Using the GEANT4 tools and taking into account a detailed description of the detector, we optimize the sizes of the detectors to reach the design indexes. A group of experimental data from a HPGe spectrometer in using were used to compare with the simulation. As to new HPGe Detector simulation, considering the different thickness of BGO crystals and anti-coincidence efficiency, the simulation results show that the optimal thickness is 5.5cm, and the Peak-to-Compton ratio of 40K is raised to 1000 when the anti-coincidence efficiency is 0.85. As the background simulation, 15 cm oxygen-free copper plus 10 cm lead can reduce the environmental gamma rays to 0.0024 cps/100 cm3 Ge (50keV~2.8MeV), which is about 10-5 of environmental background. " | high-purity germanium detectors, environmental background, optimization | 32,104 | [
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"Cometary dust provides a unique window on dust growth mechanisms during the onset of planet formation. Measurements by the Rosetta spacecraft show that the dust in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko has a granular structure at size scales from sub-um up to several hundreds of um, indicating hierarchical growth took place across these size scales. However, these dust particles may have been modified during their collection by the spacecraft instruments. Here we present the results of laboratory experiments that simulate the impact of dust on the collection surfaces of COSIMA and MIDAS, instruments onboard the Rosetta spacecraft. We map the size and structure of the footprints left by the dust particles as a function of their initial size (up to several hundred um) and velocity (up to 6 m/s). We find that in most collisions, only part of the dust particle is left on the target; velocity is the main driver of the appearance of these deposits. A boundary between sticking/bouncing and fragmentation as an outcome of the particle-target collision is found at v ~ 2 m/s. For velocities below this value, particles either stick and leave a single deposit on the target plate, or bounce, leaving a shallow footprint of monomers. At velocities > 2 m/s and sizes > 80 um, particles fragment upon collision, transferring up to 50 per cent of their mass in a rubble-pile-like deposit on the target plate. The amount of mass transferred increases with the impact velocity. The morphologies of the deposits are qualitatively similar to those found by the COSIMA instrument. " | Cometary dust, planet formation, impact velocity | 43,515 | [
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">",
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"Let $G$ be a graph and $A$ the adjacency matrix of $G$. The permanental polynomial of $G$ is defined as $\mathrm{per}(xI-A)$. In this paper some of the results from a numerical study of the permanental polynomials of graphs are presented. We determine the permanental polynomials for all graphs on at most 11 vertices, and count the numbers for which there is at least one other graph with the same permanental polynomial. The data give some indication that the fraction of graphs with a copermanental mate tends to zero as the number of vertices tends to infinity, and show that the permanental polynomial does be better than characteristic polynomial when we use them to characterize graphs. " | graphs, permanental polynomials, characterization | 20,355 | [
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"The flavor changing rare decay $B\to K^{}(\to K\pi)\ell^+\ell^-$ is one of the most studied modes due to its sensitivity to physics beyond the standard model and several discrepancies have come to light among the plethora of observables that are measured. In this paper we revisit the analogous baryonic decay mode $\Lambda_{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\to p\pi) \ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ and we present a complete set of ten angular observables that can be measured using this decay mode. Our calculations are done retaining the finite lepton mass so that the signal of lepton non-universality observed in $B\to K^{} \ell^+\ell^-$ can be corroborated by the corresponding baryonic decay mode. We show that due to the parity violating nature of the subsequent $\Lambda\to p\pi$ decay there exist at least one angular asymmetry that is non-vanishing in the large recoil limit unlike the case in $B\to K^{}\ell^+\ell^-$ decay mode, making it particularly sensitive to new physics that violates lepton flavor universality. " | baryonic decay mode, lepton flavor universality, angular asymmetry | 41,853 | [
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"We consider a two-dimensional stochastic fluid model with $N$ ON-OFF inputs and temporary assistance, which is an extension of the same model with $N = 1$ in Mahabhashyam . (2008). The rates of change of both buffers are piecewise constant and dependent on the underlying Markovian phase of the model, and the rates of change for Buffer 2 are also dependent on the specific level of Buffer 1. This is because both buffers share a fixed output capacity, the precise proportion of which depends on Buffer 1. The generalization of the number of ON-OFF inputs necessitates modifications in the original rules of output-capacity sharing from Mahabhashyam . (2008) and considerably complicates both the theoretical analysis and the numerical computation of various performance measures. " | Stochastic fluid model, ON-OFF inputs, output-capacity sharing | 47,903 | [
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"There is a widespread interest to digitize the precious information contained in the astronomical plate archives, both for the preservation of their content and for its fast distribution to all interested researchers in order to achieve their better scientific exploitation. This paper presents the first results of our large-scale project to digitize the archive of plates of the Italian Astronomical Observatories and of the Specola Vaticana. Similar systems, composed by commercial flat-bed retro-illuminated scanners plus dedicated personal computers and acquisition and analysis software, have been installed in all participating Institutes. Ad-hoc codes have been developed to acquire the data, to test the suitability of the machines to our scientific needs, and to reduce the digital data in order to extract the astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic content. Two more elements complete the overall project: the provision of high quality BVRI CCD sequences in selected fields with the Campo Imperatore telescopes, and the distribution of the digitized information to all interested researchers via the Web. The methods we have derived in the course of this project have been already applied successfully to plates taken by other Observatories, for instance at Byurakan and at Hamburg. " | digitize, astronomical plate archives, scientific exploitation | 49,844 | [
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"Possible scenarios in hh collisions in the TeV regions are discussed in full phase space. It is shown that at such high energies one should expect strong KNO scaling violation and a ln(s) increase of the average charged multiplicity of the semi-hard component, resulting in a huge mini-jet production. " | hh collisions, TeV regions, KNO scaling violation | 10,437 | [
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"Although nowadays advanced dense image matching (DIM) algorithms are able to produce LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) comparable dense point clouds from satellite stereo images, the accuracy and completeness of such point clouds heavily depend on the geometric parameters of the satellite stereo images. The intersection angle between two images are normally seen as the most important one in stereo data acquisition, as the state-of-the-art DIM algorithms work best on narrow baseline (smaller intersection angle) stereos (E.g. Semi-Global Matching regards 15-25 degrees as good intersection angle). This factor is in line with the traditional aerial photogrammetry configuration, as the intersection angle directly relates to the base-high ratio and texture distortion in the parallax direction, thus both affecting the horizontal and vertical accuracy. However, our experiments found that even with very similar (and good) intersection angles, the same DIM algorithm applied on different stereo pairs (of the same area) produced point clouds with dramatically different accuracy as compared to the ground truth LiDAR data. This raises a very practical question that is often asked by practitioners: what factors constitute a good satellite stereo pair, such that it produces accurate and optimal results for mapping purpose? In this work, we provide a comprehensive analysis on this matter by performing stereo matching over 1,000 satellite stereo pairs with different acquisition parameters including their intersection angles, off-nadir angles, sun elevation & azimuth angles, as well as time differences, thus to offer a thorough answer to this question. This work will potentially provide a valuable reference to researchers working on multi-view satellite image reconstruction, as well as industrial practitioners minimizing costs for high-quality large-scale mapping. " | satellite stereo, DIM algorithms, point clouds | 38,380 | [
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"angles,",
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"what",
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"a",
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"satellite",
"stereo",
"pair,",
"such",
"that",
"it",
"produces",
"accurate",
"and",
"optimal",
"results",
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"In",
"this",
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"a",
"comprehensive",
"analysis",
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"this",
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"by",
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"matching",
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"large-scale",
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"Below we summarize presentations, discussions and general conclusions of the Workshop session on ""Beam Dynamics Issues"". Major subjects include effects due to synchrotron radiation (SR), cryogenic loads, electron cloud, impedances, intra-beam scattering (IBS) and beam-beam interactions. " | beam dynamics, synchrotron radiation, electron cloud | 47,357 | [
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"In this work, the delay limited capacity (DLC) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is investigated. The analysis is organized into two parts. In the first part, the impact of system parameters on the OFDM DLC is analyzed in a general setting. The main results are that under weak assumptions the maximum achievable single user DLC is almost independent of the distribution of the path attenuations in the low signal-to-noise (SNR) region but depends strongly on the delay spread. In the high SNR region the roles are exchanged. Here, the impact of delay spread is negligible while the impact of the distribution becomes dominant. The relevant asymptotic quantities are derived without employing simplifying assumptions on the OFDM correlation structure. Moreover, for both cases it is shown that the DLC is maximized if the total channel energy is uniformly spread, i.e. the power delay profile is uniform. It is worth pointing out that since universal bounds are obtained the results can also be used for other classes of parallel channels with block fading characteristic. The second part extends the setting to the broadcast channel and studies the corresponding OFDM DLC BC region. An algorithm for computing the OFDM BC DLC region is presented. To derive simple but smart resource allocation strategies, the principle of rate water-filling employing order statistics is introduced. This yields analytical lower bounds on the OFDM DLC region based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and ordinal channel state information (CSI). Finally, the schemes are compared to an algorithm using full CSI. " | OFDM, delay limited capacity, resource allocation strategies | 20,189 | [
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-100
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"Alloying effects by T=Mn,Co,Ni-substitution on FeS$_2$ have been investigated using density-functional calculations. The ferromagnetic alloys Fe$_{1-x}$T$_x$S$_2$ have been investigated for concentrations $x=\frac{1}{4},\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{4}$ together with the ground states of the pure compounds. The electronic structure is discussed with the goal to identify candidates for half metals, which are of interest for spintronics applications. We find interesting candidates at high concentration of the Mn-doped FeS$_2$ and at low concentrations for Ni-doped materials. For the Mn alloys we also note the proximity to a low-spin to high spin transition. For Co-doped materials we reproduce the well known finding of half metallicity over the entire concentration range. " | Alloying effects, T=Mn, Co, Ni-substitution | 38,784 | [
"\"Alloying",
"effects",
"by",
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"on",
"FeS$_2$",
"have",
"been",
"investigated",
"using",
"density-functional",
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"low",
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"for",
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"we",
"also",
"note",
"the",
"proximity",
"to",
"a",
"low-spin",
"to",
"high",
"spin",
"transition.",
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"materials",
"we",
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"the",
"well",
"known",
"finding",
"of",
"half",
"metallicity",
"over",
"the",
"entire",
"concentration",
"range.",
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] |
"In this paper, we investigated the solution of Dirac equation in time-dependent non-commutative phase-space using the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant method. Where the time-dependent Dirac Hamiltonian obtained from a time-dependent Bopp-Shift linear translation, then it used to construct the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant operators. Afterward, the results used to obtain the general solution of the system. " | Dirac equation, non-commutative phase-space, Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant method | 27,692 | [
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"we",
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"solution",
"of",
"Dirac",
"equation",
"in",
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"phase-space",
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"Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of a hexamer cluster of the protic ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate are performed using density functional theory (DFT) and density functional-based tight binding (DFTB) methods. The focus is on assessing the performance of the DFTB approach to describe the dynamics and infrared spectroscopic signatures of hydrogen bonding between the ions. Average geometries and geometric correlations are found to be rather similar. The same holds true for the far-infrared spectral region. Differences are more pronounced for the NH- and CH-stretching band, where DFTB predicts a broader intensity distribution. DFTB completely fails to describe the fingerprint range shaped by nitrate anion vibrations. Finally, charge fluctuations within the H-bonds are characterized yielding moderate dependencies on geometry. On the basis of these results, DFTB is recommend for the simulation of H-bond properties of this type of ionic liquids. " | Molecular dynamics simulations, hexamer cluster, hydrogen bonding | 28,749 | [
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"dynamics",
"simulations",
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"The exciton transport in the prototypical organic semiconductor Di-Indeno-Perylene (DIP) has been investigated by means of photoluminescence (PL) quenching and interpreted by an advanced exciton diffusion model including interference effects, quencher penetration as well as non-perfect exciton quenching. X-ray difraction revealed a correlation between the exciton diffusion length of about 90 nm and the structural coherence length of the DIP layers. Temperature dependent studies in a range of 5 - 300 K indicated an incoherent exciton transport above 80 K at activation energies of 10 - 20 meV related to the thickness dependent gradient of exciton density. Below 80 K a coherent exciton transport can be observed by the reduced phonon-interaction at cryogenic temperatures. This manuscript is a pre-final version. " | exciton transport, organic semiconductor, photoluminescence | 12,320 | [
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"It is shown that even number of flux quanta are not attached to one electron. The magnetic flux is not detached from the currents and the E and H separation does not occur in the quantum Hall effect, where E is the electric vector and H is the magnetic vector of the electro- magnetic field. We show how a sequence can agree with the experimental data and be wrong also. It is not possible for three electrons to carry 8 flux quanta. There is no temperature in the composite fermion formulas. It may be perfectly acceptable to modify the Biot and Savart's law which is the fundamental law used for making electromagnets but the CFs are internally inconsistent and hence are not suitable as part of fundamentally correct physics. " | electron flux, quantum Hall effect, Biot and Savart's law | 31,381 | [
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"A magneto-optically active thin film of Rb$_{j}$Co$_{k}$[Fe(CN)$_{6}$]$_{l}$ $\cdot$$n$H$_{2}$O has been prepared using a sequential assembly method. Upon irradiation with light and at 5 K, the net magnetization of the film increased when the surface of the film was oriented parallel to the external magnetic field of 0.1 T. However, when the surface of the film was perpendicular to the field, the net magnetization \emph{decreased} upon irradiation. The presence of dipolar fields and the low-dimensional nature of the system are used to describe the orientation dependence of the photo-induced magnetization. The ability to increase or decrease the photo-induced magnetization by changing the orientation of the system with respect to the field is a new phenomenon that may be useful in future device applications. " | Magneto-optically active thin film, photo-induced magnetization, device applications | 47,613 | [
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"A comparison of accretion and (turbulent) magnetic diffusion timescales for sheets and filaments demonstrates that dense star-forming clouds generally will -- under realistic conditions -- become supercritical due to mass accretion on timescales at least an order of magnitude shorter than ambipolar and/or turbulent diffusion timescales. Thus, ambipolar or turbulent diffusion -- while present -- is unlikely to control the formation of cores and stars. " | accretion, magnetic diffusion, supercritical clouds | 42,329 | [
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"Let $K$ be a number field, and let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve over $K$ with Jacobian $J$. Suppose that $C$ is defined by an equation of the form $y^{2} = f(x)(x - \lambda)$ for some irreducible monic polynomial $f \in \mathcal{O}_{K}[x]$ of discriminant $\Delta$ and some element $\lambda \in \mathcal{O}_{K}$. Our first main result says that if there is a prime $\mathfrak{p}$ of $K$ dividing $(f(\lambda))$ but not $(2\Delta)$, then the image of the natural $2$-adic Galois representation is open in $\mathrm{GSp}(T_{2}(J))$ and contains a certain congruence subgroup of $\mathrm{Sp}(T_{2}(J))$ depending on the maximal power of $\mathfrak{p}$ dividing $(f(\lambda))$. We also present and prove a variant of this result that applies when $C$ is defined by an equation of the form $y^{2} = f(x)(x - \lambda)(x - \lambda')$ for distinct elements $\lambda, \lambda' \in K$. We then show that the hypothesis in the former statement holds for almost all $\lambda \in \mathcal{O}_{K}$ and prove a quantitative form of a uniform boundedness result of Cadoret and Tamagawa. " | number field, hyperelliptic curve, uniform boundedness result | 11,805 | [
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"This paper considers a wireless powered communication network (WPCN), where multiple users harvest energy from a dedicated power station and then communicate with an information receiving station. Our goal is to investigate the maximum achievable energy efficiency (EE) of the network via joint time allocation and power control while taking into account the initial battery energy of each user. We first study the EE maximization problem in the WPCN without any system throughput requirement. We show that the EE maximization problem for the WPCN can be cast into EE maximization problems for two simplified networks via exploiting its special structure. For each problem, we derive the optimal solution and provide the corresponding physical interpretation, despite the non-convexity of the problems. Subsequently, we study the EE maximization problem under a minimum system throughput constraint. Exploiting fractional programming theory, we transform the resulting non-convex problem into a standard convex optimization problem. This allows us to characterize the optimal solution structure of joint time allocation and power control and to derive an efficient iterative algorithm for obtaining the optimal solution. Simulation results verify our theoretical findings and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed joint time and power optimization. " | wireless powered communication network, energy efficiency, optimization | 16,473 | [
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"This talk is an overview of our recent investigations of supersymmetric and near conformal gauge theories. We have studied extensively $\mathcal{N}=1$ super Yang-Mills theory, most recently with the gauge group SU(3). In addition we have investigated theories that show indications for a conformal behavior at an infrared fixed point. We have included a mixed fundamental and adjoint fermion action setup in our studies. I will explain how this is related to the investigation of supersymmetric QCD on the lattice and present some first studies of the main obstacles that need to be addressed in the investigation of this theory. " | superstring theory, conformal behavior, QCD investigation | 22,772 | [
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"Motivated by recent experiments on quasi-1D vanadium oxides, we study quantum phase transitions in a one-dimensional spin-orbital model describing a Haldane chain and a classical Ising chain locally coupled by the relativistic spin-orbit interaction. By employing a field-theoretical approach, we analyze the topology of the ground-state phase diagram and identify the nature of the phase transitions. In the strong coupling limit, a long-range N\'eel order of entangled spin and orbital angular momentum appears in the ground state. We find that, depending on the relative scales of the spin and orbital gaps, the linear chain follows two distinct routes to reach the N\'eel state. First, when the orbital exchange is the dominating energy scale, a two-stage ordering takes place in which the magnetic transition is followed by melting of the orbital Ising order; both transitions belong to the two-dimensional Ising universality class. In the opposite limit, the low-energy orbital modes undergo a continuous reordering transition which represents a line of Gaussian critical points. On this line the orbital degrees of freedom form a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. We argue that the emergence of the Gaussian criticality results from merging of the two Ising transitions in the strong hybridization region where the characteristic spin and orbital energy scales become comparable. Finally, we show that, due to the spin-orbit coupling, an external magnetic field acting on the spins can induce an orbital Ising transition. " | quantum phase transitions, spin-orbit coupling, Gaussian criticality | 42,445 | [
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"and",
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"gaps,",
"the",
"linear",
"chain",
"follows",
"two",
"distinct",
"routes",
"to",
"reach",
"the",
"N\\'eel",
"state.",
"First,",
"when",
"the",
"orbital",
"exchange",
"is",
"the",
"dominating",
"energy",
"scale,",
"a",
"two-stage",
"ordering",
"takes",
"place",
"in",
"which",
"the",
"magnetic",
"transition",
"is",
"followed",
"by",
"melting",
"of",
"the",
"orbital",
"Ising",
"order;",
"both",
"transitions",
"belong",
"to",
"the",
"two-dimensional",
"Ising",
"universality",
"class.",
"In",
"the",
"opposite",
"limit,",
"the",
"low-energy",
"orbital",
"modes",
"undergo",
"a",
"continuous",
"reordering",
"transition",
"which",
"represents",
"a",
"line",
"of",
"Gaussian",
"critical",
"points.",
"On",
"this",
"line",
"the",
"orbital",
"degrees",
"of",
"freedom",
"form",
"a",
"Tomonaga-Luttinger",
"liquid.",
"We",
"argue",
"that",
"the",
"emergence",
"of",
"the",
"Gaussian",
"criticality",
"results",
"from",
"merging",
"of",
"the",
"two",
"Ising",
"transitions",
"in",
"the",
"strong",
"hybridization",
"region",
"where",
"the",
"characteristic",
"spin",
"and",
"orbital",
"energy",
"scales",
"become",
"comparable.",
"Finally,",
"we",
"show",
"that,",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"spin-orbit",
"coupling,",
"an",
"external",
"magnetic",
"field",
"acting",
"on",
"the",
"spins",
"can",
"induce",
"an",
"orbital",
"Ising",
"transition.",
"\""
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"Gelfand's charecterization of a topological space M by the duality relationship of M and $\mathcal{A} = \mathcal{F}(M)$, the commutative algebra of functions on this space has deep implications including the development of spectral calculas by Connes .We investigate this scheme in this paper in the context of Monopole Moduli Space $\mathcal{M}$ using Seiberg-Witten Equations. A observation has been made here that the methods of holonomy quantization using graphs can be construed to construct a C algebra corresponding to the loop space of the Moduli. A map is thereby conjectured with the corresponding projectors of the algebra with the moduli space. " | Gelfand's charecterization, duality relationship, spectral calculas | 1,462 | [
"\"Gelfand's",
"charecterization",
"of",
"a",
"topological",
"space",
"M",
"by",
"the",
"duality",
"relationship",
"of",
"M",
"and",
"$\\mathcal{A}",
"=",
"\\mathcal{F}(M)$,",
"the",
"commutative",
"algebra",
"of",
"functions",
"on",
"this",
"space",
"has",
"deep",
"implications",
"including",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"spectral",
"calculas",
"by",
"Connes",
".We",
"investigate",
"this",
"scheme",
"in",
"this",
"paper",
"in",
"the",
"context",
"of",
"Monopole",
"Moduli",
"Space",
"$\\mathcal{M}$",
"using",
"Seiberg-Witten",
"Equations.",
"A",
"observation",
"has",
"been",
"made",
"here",
"that",
"the",
"methods",
"of",
"holonomy",
"quantization",
"using",
"graphs",
"can",
"be",
"construed",
"to",
"construct",
"a",
"C",
"algebra",
"corresponding",
"to",
"the",
"loop",
"space",
"of",
"the",
"Moduli.",
"A",
"map",
"is",
"thereby",
"conjectured",
"with",
"the",
"corresponding",
"projectors",
"of",
"the",
"algebra",
"with",
"the",
"moduli",
"space.",
"\""
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"This papers underscores the intimate connection between the quantum walks generated by certain spin chain Hamiltonians and classical birth and death processes. It is observed that transition amplitudes between single excitation states of the spin chains have an expression in terms of orthogonal polynomials which is analogous to the Karlin-McGregor representation formula of the transition probability functions for classes of birth and death processes. As an application, we present a characterization of spin systems for which the probability to return to the point of origin at some time is 1 or almost 1. " | spin chain Hamiltonians, quantum walks, birth and death processes | 861 | [
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"In this paper we study the Plancherel formula for a new class of homogeneous spaces for real reductive Lie groups; these spaces are fibered over non-Riemannian symmetric spaces, and they exhibit a phenomenon of uniform infinite multiplicities. They also provide examples of non-tempered representations of the group appearing in the Plancherel formula. Several classes of examples are given. " | Plancherel formula, homogeneous spaces, reductive Lie groups | 38,478 | [
"\"In",
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"The microscopic structure of space and time is investigated. It is proposed that space and time of an inertial observer $\Sigma$ are most conveniently described as a crystal array $\Lambda$, with nodes representing measurement `tickmarks' and connected by independent quantized harmonic oscillators which vibrate more severely the faster $\Sigma$ moves with respect to the object being measured (due to the Uncertainty Principle). The Lorentz transformation of Special Relativity is derived. Further, mass is understood as a localized region $\Delta \Lambda$ having higher vibration temperature than that of the ambient lattice. The effect of relativistic mass increase may then be calculated without appealing to energy-momentum conservation. The origin of gravitation is shown to be simply a transport of energy from the boundary of $\Delta \Lambda$ outwards by lattice phonon conduction, as the system tends towards equilibrium. Application to a single point mass leads readily to the Schwarzschild metric, while a new solution is available for two point masses - a situation where General Relativity is too complicated to work with. The important consequence is that inertial observers who move at relative speeds too close to $c$ are no longer linked by the Lorentz transformation, because the lattice of the `moving' observer has already disintegrated into a liquid state. " | microscopic structure, space and time, relativistic mass increase | 31,553 | [
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"time",
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"namely",
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"convexity",
"in",
"the",
"drift",
"component",
"and",
"monotonicity",
"in",
"time",
"of",
"the",
"Lagrangian.",
"\""
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27293,
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6199,
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1011,
14184,
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4847,
2000,
29280,
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3494,
1997,
8050,
14184,
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"The 2015 nuclear physics long-range plan endorsed the realization of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) as the next large construction project after the completion of FRIB. With its high luminosity ( $> 10^{33} cm^{-2}s^{-1}$), wide kinematic reach in center-of-mass-energy (45GeV to 145GeV) and high lepton and proton beam polarization, an EIC provides an unprecedented opportunity to reach new frontiers in our understanding of the spin and dynamic structure of nuclei. Despite of the success of the HERA collider in investigating the structure of a single nucleon, the partonic structure of nuclei at moderate-to-small Bjorken's $x$ still remains elusive. We present the evaluated impact of an EIC in extracting the nuclear structure-functions from measurements of the reduced cross section in deep inelastic scattering, including also the case of measuring heavy quark production events. The potential constraints offered by the EIC data in extracting the nuclear parton distribution functions is also discussed. " | nuclear physics, Electron-Ion Collider, parton distribution functions | 47,286 | [
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"In secure multi-party computation $n$ parties jointly evaluate an $n$-variate function $f$ in the presence of an adversary which can corrupt up till $t$ parties. Almost all the works that have appeared in the literature so far assume the presence of authenticated channels between the parties. This assumption is far from realistic. Two directions of research have been borne from relaxing this (strong) assumption: (a) The adversary is virtually omnipotent and can control all the communication channels in the network, (b) Only a partially connected topology of authenticated channels is guaranteed and adversary controls a subset of the communication channels in the network. This work introduces a new setting for (unconditional) secure multiparty computation problem which is an interesting intermediate model with respect to the above well studied models from the literature (by sharing a salient feature from both the above models). We consider the problem of (unconditional) secure multi-party computation when 'some' of the communication channels connecting the parties can be corrupted passively as well as actively. For this setting, some honest parties may be connected to several other honest parties via corrupted channels and may not be able to authentically communicate with them. Such parties may not be assured the canonical guarantees of correctness or privacy. We present refined definitions of security for this new intermediate model of unconditional multiparty computation. We show how to adapt protocols for (Unconditional) secure multiparty computation to realize the definitions and also argue the tightness of the results achieved by us. " | Secure multi-party computation, Protocol adaptation, Authenticated channels | 37,775 | [
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"A novel way of filling high aspect ratio vertical interconnection (microvias) with an aspect ratio of >2:1 is presented. High frequency acoustic streaming at megasonic frequencies enables the decrease of the Nernst-diffusion layer down to the sub-micron range, allowing thereby conformal electrodeposition in deep grooves. Higher throughput and better control over the deposition properties are possible for the manufacturing of interconnections and metal-based MEMS. " | high aspect ratio, vertical interconnection, conformal electrodeposition | 12,342 | [
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"Earthquake phenomenology exhibits a number of power law distributions including the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-size statistics and the Omori law for aftershock decay rates. In search for a basic model that renders correct predictions on long spatio-temporal scales, we discuss results associated with a heterogeneous fault with long range stress-transfer interactions. To better understand earthquake dynamics we focus on faults with Gutenberg-Richter like earthquake statistics and develop two universal scaling functions as a stronger test of the theory against observations than mere scaling exponents that have large error bars. Universal shape profiles contain crucial information on the underlying dynamics in a variety of systems. As in magnetic systems, we find that our analysis for earthquakes provides a good overall agreement between theory and observations, but with a potential discrepancy in one particular universal scaling function for moment-rates. The results reveal interesting connections between the physics of vastly different systems with avalanche noise. " | Earthquake dynamics, Gutenberg-Richter statistics, universal scaling functions | 8,815 | [
"\"Earthquake",
"phenomenology",
"exhibits",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"power",
"law",
"distributions",
"including",
"the",
"Gutenberg-Richter",
"frequency-size",
"statistics",
"and",
"the",
"Omori",
"law",
"for",
"aftershock",
"decay",
"rates.",
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"search",
"for",
"a",
"basic",
"model",
"that",
"renders",
"correct",
"predictions",
"on",
"long",
"spatio-temporal",
"scales,",
"we",
"discuss",
"results",
"associated",
"with",
"a",
"heterogeneous",
"fault",
"with",
"long",
"range",
"stress-transfer",
"interactions.",
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"we",
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"on",
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"with",
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"like",
"earthquake",
"statistics",
"and",
"develop",
"two",
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"functions",
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"a",
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"test",
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"theory",
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"observations",
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"error",
"bars.",
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"on",
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"in",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"systems.",
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"in",
"magnetic",
"systems,",
"we",
"find",
"that",
"our",
"analysis",
"for",
"earthquakes",
"provides",
"a",
"good",
"overall",
"agreement",
"between",
"theory",
"and",
"observations,",
"but",
"with",
"a",
"potential",
"discrepancy",
"in",
"one",
"particular",
"universal",
"scaling",
"function",
"for",
"moment-rates.",
"The",
"results",
"reveal",
"interesting",
"connections",
"between",
"the",
"physics",
"of",
"vastly",
"different",
"systems",
"with",
"avalanche",
"noise.",
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] |
"The renormalization method has been previously used in conjunction with the Lippman-Schwinger equation to calculate transmission probabilities for benzene molecules, within the tight-binding approximation. Those results are extended here by presenting explicit formulas for the transmission probability functions, which are subsequently analysed for their anti-resonances, resonances and other maxima and minima. " | Renormalization method, transmission probabilities, Lippman-Schwinger equation | 15,343 | [
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"renormalization",
"method",
"has",
"been",
"previously",
"used",
"in",
"conjunction",
"with",
"the",
"Lippman-Schwinger",
"equation",
"to",
"calculate",
"transmission",
"probabilities",
"for",
"benzene",
"molecules,",
"within",
"the",
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"approximation.",
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"results",
"are",
"extended",
"here",
"by",
"presenting",
"explicit",
"formulas",
"for",
"the",
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"probability",
"functions,",
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"Grossglauser and Tse (2001) introduced a mobile random network model where each node moves independently on a unit disk according to a stationary uniform distribution and showed that a throughput of $\Theta(1)$ is achievable. El Gamal, Mammen, Prabhakar and Shah (2004) showed that the delay associated with this throughput scales as $\Theta(n\log n)$, when each node moves according to an independent random walk. In a later work, Diggavi, Grossglauser and Tse (2002) considered a random network on a sphere with a restricted mobility model, where each node moves along a randomly chosen great circle on the unit sphere. They showed that even with this one-dimensional restriction on mobility, constant throughput scaling is achievable. Thus, this particular mobility restriction does not affect the throughput scaling. This raises the question whether this mobility restriction affects the delay scaling. This paper studies the delay scaling at $\Theta(1)$ throughput for a random network with restricted mobility. First, a variant of the scheme presented by Diggavi, Grossglauser and Tse (2002) is presented and it is shown to achieve $\Theta(1)$ throughput using different (and perhaps simpler) techniques. The exact order of delay scaling for this scheme is determined, somewhat surprisingly, to be of $\Theta(n\log n)$, which is the same as that without the mobility restriction. Thus, this particular mobility restriction \emph{does not} affect either the maximal throughput scaling or the corresponding delay scaling of the network. This happens because under this 1-D restriction, each node is in the proximity of every other node in essentially the same manner as without this restriction. " | mobile random network, mobility restriction, delay scaling | 46,149 | [
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"not}",
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"maximal",
"throughput",
"scaling",
"or",
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"corresponding",
"delay",
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"network.",
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"each",
"node",
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"Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},(\mathcal{F}_t)_{t \geq 0},\mathbb{P})$ be a filtered probability space satisfying the usual assumptions: it is usually not possible to extend to $\mathcal{F}_{\infty}$ (the $\sigma$-algebra generated by $(\mathcal{F}_t)_{t \geq 0}$) a coherent family of probability measures $(\mathbb{Q}_t)$, each of them being defined on $\mathcal{F}_t$. It is known that for instance, on the Wiener space, this extension problem has a positive answer if one takes the filtration generated by the coordinate process, but can have a negative answer if one takes its usual augmentation. On the other hand, the usual assumptions are crucial in order to obtain the existence of regular versions of paths for most stochastic processes of interest, such as the local time of the standard Brownian motion, stochastic integrals, etc. In order to fix this problem, we introduce a new property for filtrations, intermediate between the right continuity and the usual conditions. We show that most of the important results of the theory of stochastic processes which are generally proved under the usual augmentation, such as the existence of regular version of trajectories or the d\'ebut theorem, still hold under the N-augmentation; moreover this new augmentation allows the extension of a coherent family of probability measures whenever this is possible with the original filtration. " | Stochastic processes, Filtrations, N-augmentation | 24,370 | [
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"The equation of state of cold supra-nuclear-density matter, such as in neutron stars, is an open question in astrophysics. A promising method for constraining the neutron star equation of state is modelling pulse profiles of thermonuclear X-ray burst oscillations from hotspots on accreting neutron stars. The pulse profiles, constructed using spherical and oblate neutron star models, are comparable to what would be observed by a next-generation X-ray timing instrument like ASTROSAT, NICER, or LOFT. In this paper, we showcase the use of an evolutionary optimization algorithm to fit pulse profiles to determine the best-fit masses and radii. By fitting synthetic data, we assess how well the optimization algorithm can recover the input parameters. Multiple Poisson realizations of the synthetic pulse profiles, constructed with 1.6 million counts and no background, were fitted with the to analyze both statistical and degeneracy-related uncertainty, and to explore how the goodness-of-fit depends on the input parameters. For the regions of parameter space sampled by our tests, the best-determined parameter is the projected velocity of the spot along the observer's line-of-sight, with an accuracy of $\le3$% compared to the true value and with $\le5$\% statistical uncertainty. The next best-determined are the mass and radius; for a neutron star with a spin frequency of 600\,Hz, the best-fit mass and radius are accurate to $\le5$%, with respective uncertainties of $\le7$% and $\le10$%. The accuracy and precision depend on the observer inclination and spot co-latitude, with values of $\sim1$ % achievable in mass and radius if both the inclination and co-latitude are > 60 degrees. " | Neutron star equation of state, thermal X-ray burst oscillations, optimization algorithm | 25,706 | [
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"Aims. High Synchrotron Peaked blazars (HSPs) dominate the -ray sky at energies larger than a few GeV; however, only a few hundred blazars of this type have been catalogued so far. In this paper we present the 2WHSP sample, the largest and most complete list of HSP blazars available to date, which is an expansion of the 1WHSP catalog of gamma-ray source candidates off the Galactic plane. Methods. We cross-matched a number of multi-wavelength surveys (in the radio, infrared and X-ray bands) and applied selection criteria based on the radio to IR and IR to X-ray spectral slopes. To ensure the selection of genuine HSPs we examined the SED of each candidate and estimated the peak frequency of its synchrotron emission ($\nu_{\rm peak}$) using the ASDC SED tool, including only sources with Synchrotron peak $\nu_{\rm peak} > 10^{15}$ Hz (equivalent to $\nu_{\rm peak} > 4$ eV). Results. We have assembled the largest and most complete catalog of HSP blazars to date, which includes 1691 sources. A number of population properties, such as infrared colours, synchrotron peak, redshift distributions, and -ray spectral properties, have been used to characterise the sample and maximize completeness. We also derived the radio logN-logS distribution. This catalog has already been used to provide seeds to discover new very high energy objects within Fermi-LAT data and to look for the counterparts of neutrino and ultra high energy cosmic ray sources, showing its potential for the identification of promising high-energy gamma-ray sources and multi-messenger targets. " | HSP blazars, synchrotron emission, multi-wavelength surveys | 23,019 | [
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"blazars",
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"In this paper, we present a novel vision of large scale of empirical password sets available and improve the understanding of passwords by revealing their interconnections and considering the security on a level of the whole password set instead of one single password level. Through the visualization of Yahoo, Phpbb, 12306, etc. we, for the first time, show what the spatial structure of empirical password sets are like and take the community and clustering patterns of the passwords into account to shed lights on the definition of popularity of a password based on their frequency and degree separately. Furthermore, we propose a model of statistical guessing attack from the perspective of the data's topological space, which provide an explanation of the ""cracking curve"". We also give a lower bound of the minimum size of the dictionary needed to compromise arbitrary ratio of any given password set by proving that it is equivalent to the minimum dominating set problem, which is a NP-complete problem. Hence the minimal dictionary problem is also NP-complete. " | password sets, security, statistical guessing attack | 39,611 | [
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"The recent discoveries of many double neutron star systems and their detection as LIGO-Virgo merger events call for a detailed understanding of their origin. Explosions of ultra-stripped stars in binary systems have been shown to play a key role in this context and have also generated interest as a potential explanation for rapidly evolving hydrogen-free transients. Here we present the first attempt to model such explosions based on binary evolution calculations that follow the mass transfer to the companion to obtain a consistent core-envelope structure as needed for reliable predictions of the supernova transient. We simulate the explosion in 2D and 3D, and confirm the modest explosion energies ~10^50erg and small kick velocities reported earlier in 2D models based on bare carbon-oxygen cores. The spin-up of the neutron star by asymmetric accretion is small in 3D with no indication of spin-kick alignment. Simulations up to shock breakout show the mixing of sizeable amounts of iron group material into the helium envelope. In view of recent ideas for a mixing-length treatment (MLT) of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in supernovae, we perform a detailed analysis of the mixing, which reveals evidence for buoyancy-drag balance, but otherwise does not support the MLT approximation. The mixing may have implications for the spectroscopic signatures of ultra-stripped supernovae that need to be investigated in the future. Our stellar evolution calculation also predicts presupernova mass loss due to an off-centre silicon deflagration flash, which suggests that supernovae from extremely stripped cores may show signs of interactions with circumstellar material. " | Neutron star systems, binary evolution, Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities | 41,036 | [
"\"The",
"recent",
"discoveries",
"of",
"many",
"double",
"neutron",
"star",
"systems",
"and",
"their",
"detection",
"as",
"LIGO-Virgo",
"merger",
"events",
"call",
"for",
"a",
"detailed",
"understanding",
"of",
"their",
"origin.",
"Explosions",
"of",
"ultra-stripped",
"stars",
"in",
"binary",
"systems",
"have",
"been",
"shown",
"to",
"play",
"a",
"key",
"role",
"in",
"this",
"context",
"and",
"have",
"also",
"generated",
"interest",
"as",
"a",
"potential",
"explanation",
"for",
"rapidly",
"evolving",
"hydrogen-free",
"transients.",
"Here",
"we",
"present",
"the",
"first",
"attempt",
"to",
"model",
"such",
"explosions",
"based",
"on",
"binary",
"evolution",
"calculations",
"that",
"follow",
"the",
"mass",
"transfer",
"to",
"the",
"companion",
"to",
"obtain",
"a",
"consistent",
"core-envelope",
"structure",
"as",
"needed",
"for",
"reliable",
"predictions",
"of",
"the",
"supernova",
"transient.",
"We",
"simulate",
"the",
"explosion",
"in",
"2D",
"and",
"3D,",
"and",
"confirm",
"the",
"modest",
"explosion",
"energies",
"~10^50erg",
"and",
"small",
"kick",
"velocities",
"reported",
"earlier",
"in",
"2D",
"models",
"based",
"on",
"bare",
"carbon-oxygen",
"cores.",
"The",
"spin-up",
"of",
"the",
"neutron",
"star",
"by",
"asymmetric",
"accretion",
"is",
"small",
"in",
"3D",
"with",
"no",
"indication",
"of",
"spin-kick",
"alignment.",
"Simulations",
"up",
"to",
"shock",
"breakout",
"show",
"the",
"mixing",
"of",
"sizeable",
"amounts",
"of",
"iron",
"group",
"material",
"into",
"the",
"helium",
"envelope.",
"In",
"view",
"of",
"recent",
"ideas",
"for",
"a",
"mixing-length",
"treatment",
"(MLT)",
"of",
"Rayleigh-Taylor",
"instabilities",
"in",
"supernovae,",
"we",
"perform",
"a",
"detailed",
"analysis",
"of",
"the",
"mixing,",
"which",
"reveals",
"evidence",
"for",
"buoyancy-drag",
"balance,",
"but",
"otherwise",
"does",
"not",
"support",
"the",
"MLT",
"approximation.",
"The",
"mixing",
"may",
"have",
"implications",
"for",
"the",
"spectroscopic",
"signatures",
"of",
"ultra-stripped",
"supernovae",
"that",
"need",
"to",
"be",
"investigated",
"in",
"the",
"future.",
"Our",
"stellar",
"evolution",
"calculation",
"also",
"predicts",
"presupernova",
"mass",
"loss",
"due",
"to",
"an",
"off-centre",
"silicon",
"deflagration",
"flash,",
"which",
"suggests",
"that",
"supernovae",
"from",
"extremely",
"stripped",
"cores",
"may",
"show",
"signs",
"of",
"interactions",
"with",
"circumstellar",
"material.",
"\""
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"Quasiparticle excitations in FeSe were studied by means of specific heat ($C$) measurements on a high-quality single crystal under rotating magnetic fields. The field dependence of $C$ shows three-stage behavior with different slopes, indicating the existence of three gaps ($\Delta_1$, $\Delta_2$, and $\Delta_3$). In the low-temperature and low-field region, the azimuthal-angle ($\phi$) dependence of $C$ shows a four-fold symmetric oscillation with sign change. On the other hand, the polar-angle ($\theta$) dependence manifests as an anisotropy-inverted two-fold symmetry with unusual shoulder behavior. Combining the angle-resolved results and the theoretical calculation, the smaller gap $\Delta_1$ is proved to have two vertical-line nodes or gap minima along the $k_z$ direction, and is determined to reside on the electron-type $\varepsilon$ band. $\Delta_2$ is found to be related to the electron-type $\delta$ band, and is isotropic in the $ab$-plane but largely anisotropic out of the plane. $\Delta_3$ residing on the hole-type $\alpha$ band shows a small out-of-plane anisotropy with a strong Pauli-paramagnetic effect. " | FeSe, quasiparticle excitations, magnetic fields | 27,174 | [
"\"Quasiparticle",
"excitations",
"in",
"FeSe",
"were",
"studied",
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"($C$)",
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"The problem of vibration suppression in helicopter rotors is the main topic of this paper. We revisit a strategy for the stabilization of such systems based on delayed feedback. By means of an improved analysis, made possible by recently developed mathematical tools, we present insights on how the delay can be used as stabilization tool for this problem. The results are supported with numerical simulations. For simplicity, only the case of hovering flight is considered. " | vibration suppression, helicopter rotors, delayed feedback | 17,049 | [
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"Designing high-precision and efficient schemes is of crucial importance for quantum parameter estimation in practice. The estimation scheme based on continuous quantum measurement is one possible type of this, which looks also the most natural choice in case such as continuous dynamical process. In this work we specify the study to the stat-of-the-art superconducting circuit quantum-electrodynamics (QED) system, where the high-quality continuous measurement has been extensively exploited in the past decade. Within the framework of Bayesian estimation and particularly using the quantum Bayesian rule in circuit QED, we numerically simulate the likelihood function as estimator for the Rabi frequency of qubit oscillation. We find that, by proper design of the interaction strength of measurement, the estimate precision can scale with the measurement time beyond the standard quantum limit, which is usually assumed for this type of continuous measurement since no more special quantum resource is involved. We understand this remarkable result by quantum correlation in time between the output signals, and simulate the effect of quantum efficiency of the measurement on the precision scaling behavior. " | quantum parameter estimation, continuous quantum measurement, precision scaling behavior | 48,484 | [
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"Perovskites and related structures are renowned for technologically useful applications. The structural variations in perovskite crystals result in novel properties which can be regulated by external forces. The study attempts to regulate distortion of a perovskite compound LaFeO3 driven solely by reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and to demonstrate the effect using a critical parameter - electrochemical conductivity. A series of graphene concentration varied nanocomposites were synthesized via hydrothermal method. The crystal distortion is investigated using X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement. By analysis of the oxygen and Fe ion peaks of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, along with Raman spectra, a clear understanding of the distortion process is developed. The remarkable effect of distortion on dispersed phases generated by graphene matrix is coined with a new phrase Graphenostortion. The study revealed that the environment for the graphenostrotion originated from the interaction of oxygen functional groups of RGO with LaFeO3. The variation in bond covalency influenced by the percentage concentration of non-lattice oxygen, distorted the Pbnm geometry of the graphene nanocomposite. The developed mechanism for distortion is in good agreement with electrochemical activity studies. RGO as a tool to control distortion in metal oxide could facilitate new facets in technological applications of graphene nanocomposites. " | Perovskites, distortion control, graphene nanocomposites | 9,848 | [
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"We analyse the stellar populations of 75 red-sequence dwarf galaxies in the Coma cluster, based on high signal-to-noise spectroscopy from the 6.5m MMT. The sample covers a luminosity range 3-4 magnitudes below M, in the cluster core and in a field centred 1 deg to the south-west. We find a strong dependence of the absorption line strengths with location in the cluster. Galaxies further from the cluster centre have stronger Balmer lines than inner-field galaxies of the same luminosity. The magnesium lines are weaker at large radius, while the iron lines are not correlated with radius. Converting the line strengths into estimates of stellar age, metallicity and abundance ratios, we find the gradients are driven by variations in age (>6 sigma significance) and in the iron abundance Fe/H (~2.7 sigma significance). The light element (Mg, C, N, Ca) abundances are almost independent of radius. At radius of 0.4-1.3 degree (~0.3-1.0x the virial radius), dwarf galaxies have ages ~3.8 Gyr on average, compared to ~6 Gyr near the cluster centre. The outer dwarfs are also ~50% more iron-enriched, at given luminosity. Our results confirm earlier indications that the ages of red-sequence galaxies depend on location within clusters, and in Coma in particular. The exceptionally strong trends found here suggest that dwarf galaxies are especially susceptible to environmental ""quenching"", and/or that the south-west part of Coma is a particularly clear example of recent quenching in an infalling subcluster. " | stellar populations, red-sequence dwarf galaxies, Coma cluster | 34,931 | [
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"estimates",
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"age,",
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"light",
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"are",
"almost",
"independent",
"of",
"radius.",
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"radius",
"of",
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"virial",
"radius),",
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"have",
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"the",
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"centre.",
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"dwarfs",
"are",
"also",
"~50%",
"more",
"iron-enriched,",
"at",
"given",
"luminosity.",
"Our",
"results",
"confirm",
"earlier",
"indications",
"that",
"the",
"ages",
"of",
"red-sequence",
"galaxies",
"depend",
"on",
"location",
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"and",
"in",
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"in",
"particular.",
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"exceptionally",
"strong",
"trends",
"found",
"here",
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"that",
"dwarf",
"galaxies",
"are",
"especially",
"susceptible",
"to",
"environmental",
"\"\"quenching\"\",",
"and/or",
"that",
"the",
"south-west",
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"is",
"a",
"particularly",
"clear",
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"of",
"recent",
"quenching",
"in",
"an",
"infalling",
"subcluster.",
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"Cities have recognized the local impact of small craft breweries, in many ways altering municipal codes to make it easier to establish breweries and making them the anchor points of economic development and revitalization. Nevertheless, we do not know the extent to which these strategies impacted changes at the neighborhood level across the nation. In this chapter, we examine the relationship between growth and locations of craft breweries and the incidence of neighborhood change across the United States. In the first part of the chapter, we rely on a unique dataset of geocoded brewery locations that tracks openings and closings from 2004 to the present. Using measures of neighborhood change often found in literature on gentrification-related topics, we develop statistical models relying on census tract demographic and employment data to determine the extent to which brewery locations are associated with social and demographic shifts since 2000. The strongest predictor of whether a craft brewery opened in 2013 or later in a neighborhood was the presence of a prior brewery. We do not find evidence entirely consistent with the common narrative of a link between gentrification and craft brewing, but we see a link between an influx of lower-to-middle income urban creatives and the introduction of a craft breweries. We advocate for urban planners to recognize the importance of craft breweries in neighborhood revitalization while also protecting residents from potential displacement. " | craft breweries, neighborhood revitalization, gentrification | 49,645 | [
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"In this paper we are interested in the modelling of architectures of parametric component-based systems. The topology of parametric systems is described by architectures which characterize the permissible interactions among their components. We introduce a first-order extended interaction logic which serves as a modelling language for architectures of parametric component-based systems. In comparison to other logical characterizations of parametric systems, studied so far, our logic effectively describes the order of execution of interactions which is a main feature in several important architectures. We state complexity and decidability results for first-order extended interaction logic formulas, and provide several examples of formulas describing well-known architectures. " | parametric component-based systems, modeling language, extended interaction logic | 10,147 | [
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"Recently, a simple and elegant ""dimple"" model was introduced by McMeeking . (Adv Eng Mat 12(5), 389-397, 2010) to show a mechanism for a bistable adhesive system involving a surface with a shallow depression. The system shows, at least for intermediate levels of stickiness, that external pressure can switch the system into a ""strong adhesive"" regime of full contact, or into weak adhesion and complete pull-off, similarly to the contact of surfaces with a single scale of periodical waviness. We add to this model the effect of roughness, in the simple form of axisymmetric single scale of waviness, permitting a very detailed study, and we show that this induces a resistance to jumping into full contact on one hand (limiting the ""strong adhesion"" regime), and an enhancement of pull-off and of hysteresis starting from the partial contact state on the other (enhancing the ""weak adhesion"" regime). We show the system depends only on two dimensionless parameters, depending on the ratio of work of adhesion to the energy to flatten the dimple or waviness, respectively. The system becomes pressure-sensitive also in the intermediate states, as it is observed in real adhesive rough systems. The model obviously is specular to the Guduru model of rough spheres (Guduru, JMPS, 55, 473--488, 2007), with which it shares the limitations of the analysis assuming a connected contact (crack) area, and serves also the purpose of showing the effect of a depression into an otherwise periodic rough contact, towards the understanding of adhesion with multiple scales of roughness. " | Adhesive system, Dimple model, Pressure-sensitive | 24,111 | [
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"permitting",
"a",
"very",
"detailed",
"study,",
"and",
"we",
"show",
"that",
"this",
"induces",
"a",
"resistance",
"to",
"jumping",
"into",
"full",
"contact",
"on",
"one",
"hand",
"(limiting",
"the",
"\"\"strong",
"adhesion\"\"",
"regime),",
"and",
"an",
"enhancement",
"of",
"pull-off",
"and",
"of",
"hysteresis",
"starting",
"from",
"the",
"partial",
"contact",
"state",
"on",
"the",
"other",
"(enhancing",
"the",
"\"\"weak",
"adhesion\"\"",
"regime).",
"We",
"show",
"the",
"system",
"depends",
"only",
"on",
"two",
"dimensionless",
"parameters,",
"depending",
"on",
"the",
"ratio",
"of",
"work",
"of",
"adhesion",
"to",
"the",
"energy",
"to",
"flatten",
"the",
"dimple",
"or",
"waviness,",
"respectively.",
"The",
"system",
"becomes",
"pressure-sensitive",
"also",
"in",
"the",
"intermediate",
"states,",
"as",
"it",
"is",
"observed",
"in",
"real",
"adhesive",
"rough",
"systems.",
"The",
"model",
"obviously",
"is",
"specular",
"to",
"the",
"Guduru",
"model",
"of",
"rough",
"spheres",
"(Guduru,",
"JMPS,",
"55,",
"473--488,",
"2007),",
"with",
"which",
"it",
"shares",
"the",
"limitations",
"of",
"the",
"analysis",
"assuming",
"a",
"connected",
"contact",
"(crack)",
"area,",
"and",
"serves",
"also",
"the",
"purpose",
"of",
"showing",
"the",
"effect",
"of",
"a",
"depression",
"into",
"an",
"otherwise",
"periodic",
"rough",
"contact,",
"towards",
"the",
"understanding",
"of",
"adhesion",
"with",
"multiple",
"scales",
"of",
"roughness.",
"\""
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"After proposing a new method of deriving the atmospheric time constant from the speed of focus variations (Kellerer & Tokovinin 2007), we now implement it with the new instrument, FADE. FADE uses a 36-cm Celestron telescope that is modified to transform stellar point images into a ring by increasing the central obstruction and combining defocus with spherical aberration. Sequences of images recorded with a fast CCD detector are processed to determine the defocus and its variations in time from the ring radii. The temporal structure function of the defocus is fitted with a model to derive the atmospheric seeing and time constant. We investigated by numerical simulation the data reduction algorithm and instrumental biases. Bias caused by instrumental effects, such as optical aberrations, detector noise, acquisition frequency, etc., is quantified. The ring image must be well-focused, i.e. must have a sufficiently sharp radial profile, otherwise, scintillation seriously affects the results. An acquisition frequency of 700 Hz appears adequate. FADE was operated for 5 nights at the Cerro Tololo observatory in parallel with the regular site monitor. Reasonable agreement between the results from the two instruments has been obtained. " | Astronomy, Time Constant, Data Reduction | 2,251 | [
"\"After",
"proposing",
"a",
"new",
"method",
"of",
"deriving",
"the",
"atmospheric",
"time",
"constant",
"from",
"the",
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"(Kellerer",
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"Tokovinin",
"2007),",
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"ring",
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"a",
"model",
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"simulation",
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"instrumental",
"biases.",
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"caused",
"by",
"instrumental",
"effects,",
"such",
"as",
"optical",
"aberrations,",
"detector",
"noise,",
"acquisition",
"frequency,",
"etc.,",
"is",
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"ring",
"image",
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"be",
"well-focused,",
"i.e.",
"must",
"have",
"a",
"sufficiently",
"sharp",
"radial",
"profile,",
"otherwise,",
"scintillation",
"seriously",
"affects",
"the",
"results.",
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"acquisition",
"frequency",
"of",
"700",
"Hz",
"appears",
"adequate.",
"FADE",
"was",
"operated",
"for",
"5",
"nights",
"at",
"the",
"Cerro",
"Tololo",
"observatory",
"in",
"parallel",
"with",
"the",
"regular",
"site",
"monitor.",
"Reasonable",
"agreement",
"between",
"the",
"results",
"from",
"the",
"two",
"instruments",
"has",
"been",
"obtained.",
"\""
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"A partition $(V_1,\ldots,V_k)$ of the vertex set of a graph $G$ with a (not necessarily proper) colouring $c$ is colourful if no two vertices in any $V_i$ have the same colour and every set $V_i$ induces a connected graph. The COLOURFUL PARTITION problem is to decide whether a coloured graph $(G,c)$ has a colourful partition of size at most $k$. This problem is closely related to the COLOURFUL COMPONENTS problem, which is to decide whether a graph can be modified into a graph whose connected components form a colourful partition by deleting at most $p$ edges. Nevertheless we show that COLOURFUL PARTITION and COLOURFUL COMPONENTS may have different complexities for restricted instances. We tighten known NP-hardness results for both problems and in addition we prove new hardness and tractability results for COLOURFUL PARTITION. Using these results we complete our paper with a thorough parameterized study of COLOURFUL PARTITION. " | NP-hardness, COLOURFUL PARTITION, tractability | 15,895 | [
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"In this article the hypercomplex orthogonal (homogenous) algebra definition is made. It is shown that 1. the hypercomplex orthogonal algebra is the metric hypercomplex group alternative-elastic algebra for n mod 8 = 0 (the non-alternative and non-normalized, but the weakly alternative and weakly normalized for n>8; the alternative and normalized for the oktonion algebra); 2. the hypercomplex orthogonal algebra is generated by a symmetric (0,2)-spinor; 3. the hypercomplex orthogonal homogeneous algebra is generated by the identity algebra, generating algebra and orthogonal transformations; 4. the metric hypercomplex Cayley-Dickson algebra is the hypercomplex special orthogonal homogeneous algebra for n=2^k,n>=8. The hypercomplex Cayley-Dickson algebra generator in an explicit form is calculated. Technical realization (Delphi) of the canonical sedenion algebra for n=16 is given according to the point 2-3. " | hypercomplex, orthogonal, algebra definition | 6,838 | [
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"This paper is a study of the polyhedral geometry of Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns arising in the representation theory $\mathfrak{gl}_n \C$ and algebraic combinatorics. We present a combinatorial characterization of the vertices and a method to calculate the dimension of the lowest-dimensional face containing a given Gelfand-Tsetlin pattern. As an application, we disprove a conjecture of Berenstein and Kirillov about the integrality of all vertices of the Gelfand-Tsetlin polytopes. We can construct for each $n\geq5$ a counterexample, with arbitrarily increasing denominators as $n$ grows, of a non-integral vertex. This is the first infinite family of non-integral polyhedra for which the Ehrhart counting function is still a polynomial. We also derive a bound on the denominators for the non-integral vertices when $n$ is fixed. " | Polyhedral geometry, Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns, Combinatorial characterization | 47,783 | [
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2229,
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6447,
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5164,
3399,
1012,
2057,
24134,
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20983,
2746,
2119,
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11263,
27989,
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19449,
17738,
17830,
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1012,
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20868,
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2135,
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2009,
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17254,
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11008,
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17738,
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3370,
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1010,
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"The problem of scattering of harmonic plane acoustic waves by fluid spheroids (prolate and oblate) is addressed from an analytical approach. Mathematically, it consists in solving the Helmholtz equation in an unbounded domain with Sommerfeld radiation condition at infinity. The domain where propagation takes place is characterised by density and sound speed values $\rho_0$ and $c_0$, respectively, while $\rho_1$ and $c_1$ are the corresponding density and sound speed values of an immersed object that is responsible of the scattered field. Since Helmholtz equation is separable in prolate/oblate spheroidal coordinates, its exact solution for the scattered field can be expressed as an expansion on prolate/oblate spheroidal functions multiplied by coefficients whose values depend upon the boundary conditions verified at the medium-immersed fluid obstacle interface. The general case ($c_0 \neq c_1$) is cumbersome because it requires to solve successive matrix systems that are ill-conditioned when $c_1/c_0$ is far from unity. In this paper, a numerical implementation of the general exact solution that is valid for any range of eccentricity values and for $c_0 \neq c_1$, is provided. The high level solver code has been written in the Julia programming language while a software package recently released in the literature has been used to compute the spheroidal functions. Several limit cases (Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, spheroid tending to sphere) have been satisfactorily verified using the implemented code. The corresponding example scripts can be downloaded from the authors' web (GitHub) site. Additionally, the new code has been used to extend results reported in the literature. " | Acoustic waves, Helmholtz equation, Spheroidal functions | 6,556 | [
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"and",
"for",
"$c_0",
"\\neq",
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"cases",
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"and",
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Subsets and Splits