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Agentic Health, Inc. 3

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/13c8a871cf051e4de4b53ebb3a40a554994082dc

Memorial to Dr. James W. Allan of Belvidere

Glasgow medical journal

cd716251-f81d-4522-b18d-326a397023cd

Memorial to Dr. James W. Allan of Belvidere A memorial tablet, erected at Belvidere Fever Hospital, to the late Dr. James W. Allan, for many years superintendent of the institution, was unveiled on 26th June, 1928, by Dr. A. 3L Chalmers, late Medical Officer of Health for the city of Glasgow. The tablet, which occupies a conspicuous position in the entrance hall, has been erected by the Resident Medical Officers who had served under Dr. Allan. Bailie Dr. Dunlop, Convener of the Health Committee of the Corporation of Glasgow, presided, and accepted the tablet on behalf of the Hospitals Sub-Committee. The tablet bears the following inscription :?

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bf306de58156d96232e7580ddab3b18b43068441

Causative Agents of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Resistance to Antibiotics in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines

abc0c598-b988-4841-a8c5-65bfa6f3df77

Causative Agents of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Resistance to Antibiotics in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have an increased risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This systematic review updates information on the causative agents of VAP and resistance to antibiotics in COVID-19 patients. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed/MEDLINE, and LILACS databases from December 2019 to December 2021. Studies that described the frequency of causative pathogens associated with VAP and their antibiotic resistance patterns in critically ill COVID-19 adult patients were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for critical appraisal. The data are presented according to the number or proportions reported in the studies. A total of 25 articles were included, involving 2766 VAP cases in COVID-19 patients (range 5–550 VAP cases). Most of the studies included were carried out in France (32%), Italy (20%), Spain (12%) and the United States (8%). Gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent causative pathogens of VAP (range of incidences in studies: P. aeruginosa 7.5–72.5%, K. pneumoniae 6.9–43.7%, E. cloacae 1.6–20% and A. baumannii 1.2–20%). S. aureus was the most frequent Gram-positive pathogen, with a range of incidence of 3.3–57.9%. The median incidence of Aspergillus spp. was 6.4%. Few studies have recorded susceptibility patterns among Gram-negative causative pathogens and have mainly reported extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC, and carbapenem resistance. The median frequency of methicillin resistance among S. aureus isolates was 44.4%. Our study provides the first comprehensive description of the causative agents and antibiotic resistance in COVID-19 patients with VAP. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common pathogens causing VAP. Data on antibiotic resistance patterns in the published medical literature are limited, as well as information about VAP from low- and middle-income countries.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/948b0de9a8c6292ffdb3d816c317f321113cb66e

Association of sleep duration, sleep apnea, and shift work with risk of colorectal neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

61f95257-b067-4f34-bfbd-1381d38d0dea

Association of sleep duration, sleep apnea, and shift work with risk of colorectal neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis Background Although studies have reported that certain sleep characteristics, such as sleep duration and sleep apnea, are linked to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), this link remains contentious because of the limited evidence from individual studies. Furthermore, evidence indicated that shift work involving circadian disruption as a probable human carcinogen. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the associations between sleep duration, sleep apnea, and shift work with the risk of colorectal neoplasms, including CRC and colorectal adenoma (CRA). Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were determined using PICOS principles. Observational studies reporting associations of sleep duration, sleep apnea, or shift work with risk of CRC or CRA were included. We assessed the risk of bias on the basis of the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results A total of 18 observational studies were included. Of these studies, nine studies reported the effect of sleep duration on risk of colorectal neoplasms, five reported the effect of sleep apnea, and six reported the effect of shift work. The relative risk (RR) for colorectal neoplasms was 1.06 in the short sleep duration group compared with the moderate sleep duration group. Long sleep duration was associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasms (RR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.65). The pooled results showed that sleep apnea was associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasms (RR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.56, 1.97). Furthermore, results showed that the association between shift work and the risk of colorectal neoplasms was not significant (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.17). No publication bias was observed in all the analyses (all P>0.05). The sensitivity analysis showed that no individual study substantially influenced the pooled RRs for colorectal neoplasms and CRC. Conclusions Our findings suggest the significant positive association of long sleep duration and sleep apnea with risk of colorectal neoplasms and CRC. Given that sleep characteristics may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for colorectal neoplasms, further understanding of its role in carcinogenesis will provide valuable insight for cancer prevention.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bdb394c169efc3ef620e291c4979e21f5e4423b9

Keeping good nursing records: a guide

Community eye health

Keeping good nursing records: a guide to consider research priorities and related issues. More than thirty representatives from different parts of the world and from a variety of research and programme backgrounds came together to generate an exciting new research agenda for the future. There were four main outcomes from the workshop: 1 A priority list of global research themes was determined – see page 43. These global priorities were underpinned with more detailed regional priorities and research needs for advocacy and health system strengthening. 2 A strong desire to invest in the capacity building of research institutions based in low-and middle-income countries and the recommendation that IAPB seek funding to promote this. 3 The need to 'translate' research – this means not only making it accessible and available to the people who need it, but also making research findings more easily understood by programme managers and policy makers and trying to break down the special language beloved of academia. 4 The creation of an IAPB research work group that will drive forward the ideas and recommendations from the workshop and also promote collaboration amongst IAPB members to support research work. Delegates used the criteria listed below to set research priorities. These can be adapted to your own setting if you have to make decisions about allocating limited resources for research on a local, district, or national level. • What is the likelihood that this research would have a major impact on reducing avoidable blindness by 2020? • What is the likelihood that this research would improve our capacity to plan and deliver services? • What is the likelihood that this research would contribute to greater resources being available for eye care services (e.g., evidence can be used for advocacy)? • What is the likelihood that the impact of this research would lead to more equitable health outcomes across the region (e.g., research could help all segments of society, not just the privileged)? • What is the likelihood of this study being designed and carried out to make a difference by 2020? You can find a copy of the workshop report on the VISION 2020 website: In the busy working day of a nurse, with the many urgent demands on your time, you may feel that keeping nursing records is a distraction from the real work of nursing: looking after your patients. This cannot be more wrong! Keeping good records is part of the nursing care …

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1dd08f2c9f9573a456ff98b33858c190b905115a

Spontaneous pneumothorax in ataxia telangectasia

The Indian journal of medical research

c894e6fa-e208-428a-a7e7-f54240447bbb

Spontaneous pneumothorax in ataxia telangectasia A 20 yr old male presented to Neurology Outpatient department, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), in November 2012 with progressive cerebellar ataxia since the age of eight. The patient complained about a sudden onset shortness of breath for the past five days. Clinical examination revealed conjunctival and nail telangectasia (Figs. ​(Figs.AA and ​andB).B). Chest roentgenogram showed right sided pneumothorax (Fig. C) that was managed with high flow oxygen and intercoastal drain insertion (Fig. D) following which the patient had symptomatic relief. CT of chest (Fig. E) and cranial MRI (Fig. F) revealed findings as described. A diagnosis of ataxia telangectesia was made based on clinical and laboratory findings (elevated serum AFP and reduced serum IgA and IgE levels). The patient had no complaints of dyspnoea, and pulmonary function tests done six months later were normal. Fig Clinical photograph showing (A) ocular and (B) nail telangiectasia (arrows). Baseline X-ray chest posteroanterior (P/A) view (C) displayed right epidiaphragmatic and apical hyperlucencies (arrows) suggestive of pneumothorax with subsequent resolution ... Fig Computerized tomograph of the chest (E) revealed presence of pneumothorax (arrow) with no parenchymal changes. Cranial MRI (F) depicted cerebellar atrophy (white arrow) without cerebral cortical parenchymal changes.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7132cbaa739880634ef3650c32ad5303f6ce445d

The burden of acute pancreatitis on COVID-19 in the United States

Annals of gastroenterology : quarterly publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology

92b4cb41-aa87-4854-aaad-ce30d0e6deb1

The burden of acute pancreatitis on COVID-19 in the United States Background Although SARS-CoV-2 primarily affects the respiratory system, gastrointestinal symptoms were also seen. Our study analyzed the prevalence and impact of acute pancreatitis (AP) on COVID-19 hospitalizations in the United States. Methods The 2020 National Inpatient Sample database was used to identify patients with COVID-19. The patients were stratified into 2 groups based on the presence of AP. AP as well as its impact on COVID-19 outcomes were evaluated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), sepsis, length of stay, and total hospitalization charges. Univariate and multivariate logistic/linear regression analyses were performed. Results The study population comprised 1,581,585 patients with COVID-19, from which 0.61% of people had AP. Patients with COVID-19 and AP had a higher incidence of sepsis, shock, ICU admissions, and AKI. On multivariate analysis, patients with AP had higher mortality (adjusted odds ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.38; P=0.02). We also noted a higher risk of sepsis (aOR 1.22, 95%CI 1.01-1.48; P=0.04), shock (aOR 2.09, 95%CI 1.83-2.40; P<0.001), AKI (aOR 1.79, 95%CI 1.61-1.99; P<0.001), and ICU admissions (aOR 1.56, 95%CI 1.38-1.77; P<0.001). Patients with AP also had a longer length of stay (+2.03 days, 95%CI 1.45-2.60; P<0.001), and higher hospitalization charges ($44,088.41, 95%CI $33,198.41-54,978.41; P<0.001). Conclusions Our study revealed that the prevalence of AP in patients with COVID-19 was 0.61%. Although this was not strikingly high, the presence of AP is associated with worse outcomes and higher resource utilization.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/390ee57bf6dfab08b50564d1e726d3ff8d685430

Capturing the Dynamics of Homelessness Through Ethnography and Mobile Technology: Protocol for the Development and Testing of a Smartphone Technology–Supported Intervention

JMIR Research Protocols

278131df-030d-4e6c-b083-d57f3b740dc4

Capturing the Dynamics of Homelessness Through Ethnography and Mobile Technology: Protocol for the Development and Testing of a Smartphone Technology–Supported Intervention Background US military veterans who have experienced homelessness often have high rates of housing transition. Disruptions caused by these transitions likely exacerbate this population’s health problems and interfere with access to care and treatment engagement. Individuals experiencing homelessness increasingly use smartphones, contributing to improved access to medical and social services. Few studies have used smartphones as a data collection tool to systematically collect information about the daily life events that precede and contribute to housing transitions, in-the-moment emotions, behaviors, geographic movements, and perceived social support. Objective The study aims to develop and test a smartphone app to collect longitudinal data from veterans experiencing homelessness (VEH) and to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using the app in a population that is unstably housed or homeless. Methods This study’s design had 3 phases. Phase 1 used ethnographic methods to capture detailed data on day-to-day lived experiences of up to 30 VEH on topics such as housing stability, health, and health behaviors. Phase 2 involved focus groups and usability testing to develop and refine mobile phone data collection methods. Phase 3 piloted the smartphone mobile data collection with 30 VEH. We included mobile ethnography, real-time surveys through an app, and the collection of GPS data in phase 3. Results The project was launched in June 2020, and at this point, some data collection and analysis for phases 1 and 2 are complete. This project is currently in progress. Conclusions This multiphase study will provide rich data on the context and immediate events leading to housing transitions among VEH. This study will ensure the development of a smartphone app that will match the actual needs of VEH by involving them in the design process from the beginning. Finally, this study will offer important insights into how best to develop a smartphone app that can help intervene among VEH to reduce housing transitions. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/53022

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1c6a195c61208c04d433f52ff96f26b6e5d7d4b3

Trans-ethnic follow-up of breast cancer GWAS hits using the preferential linkage disequilibrium approach

OncoTarget

106ecc86-1801-4b36-a05c-d36db69a968c

Trans-ethnic follow-up of breast cancer GWAS hits using the preferential linkage disequilibrium approach Leveraging population-distinct linkage equilibrium (LD) patterns, trans-ethnic follow-up of variants discovered from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has proved to be useful in facilitating the identification of bona fide causal variants. We previously developed the preferential LD approach, a novel method that successfully identified causal variants driving the GWAS signals within European-descent populations even when the causal variants were only weakly linked with the GWAS-discovered variants. To evaluate the performance of our approach in a trans-ethnic setting, we applied it to follow up breast cancer GWAS hits identified mostly from populations of European ancestry in African Americans (AA). We evaluated 74 breast cancer GWAS variants in 8,315 AA women from the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) consortium. Only 27% of them were associated with breast cancer risk at significance level α=0.05, suggesting race-specificity of the identified breast cancer risk loci. We followed up on those replicated GWAS hits in the AMBER consortium utilizing the preferential LD approach, to search for causal variants or better breast cancer markers from the 1000 Genomes variant catalog. Our approach identified stronger breast cancer markers for 80% of the GWAS hits with at least nominal breast cancer association, and in 81% of these cases, the marker identified was among the top 10 of all 1000 Genomes variants in the corresponding locus. The results support trans-ethnic application of the preferential LD approach in search for candidate causal variants, and may have implications for future genetic research of breast cancer in AA women.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/634aa3716c73351b8d172ec4cfe95fa6006dbc32

Radiosynovectomy of Painful Synovitis of Knee Joints Due to Rheumatoid Arthritis by Intra-Articular Administration of 177Lu-Labeled Hydroxyapatite Particulates: First Human Study and Initial Indian Experience

World Journal of Nuclear Medicine

24c26555-1f2f-41c3-88be-b00cf4f4894c

Radiosynovectomy of Painful Synovitis of Knee Joints Due to Rheumatoid Arthritis by Intra-Articular Administration of 177Lu-Labeled Hydroxyapatite Particulates: First Human Study and Initial Indian Experience The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of Radiosynovectomy (RSV) using 177 Lu-labeled hydroxyapatite ( 177 Lu-HA) in the treatment of painful synovitis and recurrent joint effusion of knee joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ten patients, diagnosed with RA and suffering from chronic painful resistant synovitis of the knee joints were referred for RSV. The joints were treated with 333 ± 46 MBq of 177 Lu-HA particles administered intra-articularly. Monitoring of activity distribution was performed by static imaging of knee joint and whole-body gamma imaging. The patients were evaluated clinically before RSV and at 6 months after the treatment by considering the pain improvement from baseline values in terms of a 100-point visual analog scale (VAS), the improvement of knee flexibility and the pain remission during the night. RSV response was classified as poor (VAS < 25), fair (VAS ≥ 25-50), good (VAS ≥ 50-75) and excellent (VAS ≥ 75), with excellent and good results considered to be success, while fair and poor as failure and also by range of motion. Three phase bone scan (BS) was repeated after 6 months and changes in the second phase of BS3 were assessed visually, using a four-degree scale and in the third phase, semiquantitatively with J/B ratio to see the response. Biochemical analysis of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen was repeated after 48 h, 4 and 24 weeks. In all 10 patients, no leakage of administered activity to nontarget organs was visible in the whole-body scan. Static scans of the joint at 1 month revealed complete retention of 177 Lu-HA in the joints. All patients showed decreased joint swelling and pains, resulting in increased joint motion after 6 months. The percentage of VAS improvement from baseline values was 79.5 ± 20.0% 6 months after RS and found to be significantly related to patients′ age (P = 0.01) and duration of the disease (P = 0.03). Knees with Steinbrocker′s Grades 0 and I responded better than those with more advanced changes (Steinbrocker′s Grades III and IV) in terms of VAS improvement (75% vs. 45.8%) (P < 0.001). The overall success rate (VAS ≥ 50) was 80%. Remission of pain during the night was achieved in 100%, and knee flexibility was improved in 80%. The changes in the blood pool phase before RSV were 3.2 ± 0.7 and after the therapy 1.4 ± 0.7 (P < 0.001). The J/B ratio was: Before RSV 2.4 ± 0.3; after treatment 1.0 ± 0.2 (P < 0.05). CRP concentration 4 and 24 weeks after the therapy was significantly lower than before treatment. The fibrinogen level was not different before and after RSV. RSV side-effects assessed for the whole follow-up period were minor and not significant. RSV with 177 Lu-HA was safe and effective in patients with knee joint chronic painful synovitis of rheumatoid origin. It exhibited significant therapeutic effect after 6 months follow-up period with no significant side-effects. The preliminary investigations reveal that 177 Lu-labeled HA particles hold considerable promise as a cost-effective agent for RSV. More elaborate and controlled clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the agent compared with the treatment with other radionuclides and glucocorticosteroids.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d85c9e6428972243d8feba454f5c36ab9afac951

Not Charity but Humanity

The Hospital

965d752e-3d99-47a6-bf0f-de96ba26b1f3

Not Charity but Humanity to define the word " hospital," the Prince wondered what the average answer would be. He thought it might be: " Why, it is a place where poor peopie go when they cannot afford a doctor." In a sense that was correct. At the same time, to bo Irish, it is wrong. Take the case of the ordinary person in good health earning a comfortable living, and able to save something at the sain? time. Disaster, in the shape of disease or accident, befalls him. Were he to be treated at home, the chances are that his savings would be swallowed up. Instead of that, he is taken to the hospital, and it costs him nothing to be treated with the same skill that poople of wealth have to pay hundreds of pounds for. This is one instance of hospital work, but it is not charity; it is humanity?the humanity which.bids

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/caff50882acd588633f7fedb347a5556af829e41

The Role of Social Media for Identifying Adverse Drug Events Data in Pharmacovigilance: Protocol for a Scoping Review

JMIR Research Protocols

278131df-030d-4e6c-b083-d57f3b740dc4

The Role of Social Media for Identifying Adverse Drug Events Data in Pharmacovigilance: Protocol for a Scoping Review Background Adverse drug events (ADEs) are a considerable public health burden resulting in disability, hospitalization, and death. Even those ADEs deemed nonserious can severely impact a patient’s quality of life and adherence to intervention. Monitoring medication safety, however, is challenging. Social media may be a useful adjunct for obtaining real-world data on ADEs. While many studies have been undertaken to detect adverse events on social media, a consensus has not yet been reached as to the value of social media in pharmacovigilance or its role in pharmacovigilance in relation to more traditional data sources. Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate and characterize the use of social media in ADE detection and pharmacovigilance as compared to other data sources. Methods A scoping review will be undertaken. We will search 11 bibliographical databases as well as Google Scholar, hand-searching, and forward and backward citation searching. Records will be screened in Covidence by 2 independent reviewers at both title and abstract stage as well as full text. Studies will be included if they used any type of social media (such as Twitter or patient forums) to detect any type of adverse event associated with any type of medication and then compared the results from social media to any other data source (such as spontaneous reporting systems or clinical literature). Data will be extracted using a data extraction sheet piloted by the authors. Important data on the types of methods used (such as machine learning), any limitations of the methods used, types of adverse events and drugs searched for and included, availability of data and code, details of the comparison data source, and the results and conclusions will be extracted. Results We will present descriptive summary statistics as well as identify any patterns in the types and timing of ADEs detected, including but not limited to the similarities and differences in what is reported, gaps in the evidence, and the methods used to extract ADEs from social media data. We will also summarize how the data from social media compares to conventional data sources. The literature will be organized by the data source for comparison. Where possible, we will analyze the impact of the types of adverse events, the social media platform used, and the methods used. Conclusions This scoping review will provide a valuable summary of a large body of research and important information for pharmacovigilance as well as suggest future directions of further research in this area. Through the comparisons with other data sources, we will be able to conclude the added value of social media in monitoring adverse events of medications, in terms of type of adverse events and timing. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/47068

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9735795c9abf9caa1c4cb607cd452c699130c3a4

Surgical management of National Institutes of Health category II chronic bacterial prostatitis: a case series and scoping review of the literature

Translational Andrology and Urology

d5fbf520-f611-4526-b564-b6fa362d68e9

Surgical management of National Institutes of Health category II chronic bacterial prostatitis: a case series and scoping review of the literature Background National Institutes of Health (NIH) category II prostatitis refractory to antibiotic therapy can be challenging to treat. We present the outcomes from a case series of men who have undergone various surgical therapies to treat this condition. Additionally, we performed a scoping review of studies describing the characteristics and outcomes of patients surgically treated for chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP). Methods This is a single-center retrospective case series of adult patients at Cleveland Clinic Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute with refractory NIH category II prostatitis managed with surgical intervention. PubMed was queried and all resulting articles were analyzed for relevance and parallel study designs. Results Twelve subjects underwent endoscopic procedures. Two of 12 (16.7%) subjects had CBP recurrence with E. Coli at 12 and 60 months; both patients initially had prostatic stones. One patient with CBP recurrence developed a urethral stricture. Seven subjects were treated with nerve-sparing robotic radical prostatectomy of whom two had concomitant prostate cancer. Three subjects had prostate stones, two of which extended beyond the surgical capsule. E. coli was the isolated pathogen for six patients with two of these being multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli. One patient in this group experienced recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) despite the surgery. Scoping review of available articles consistently failed to mention definitive diagnosis of CBP with prostatic secretion cultures or even urine cultures prior to surgical intervention and no studies were found on the curative outcomes of surgical intervention. Conclusions Our study provides one of the first single-center retrospective case series of patients with antibiotic refractory NIH category II CBP managed with surgical intervention. Overall, rate of cure between all surgical modalities was 84% (n=16). When disease is confined to the surgical capsule, endoscopic management is likely sufficient. Radical prostatectomy expectedly increased rates of postoperative erectile dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence compared to endoscopic intervention. However, in patients with disease beyond the capsule and/or concomitant prostate cancer, prior endoscopic treatment, or life-threatening UTI, radical prostatectomy may be justified.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0954d6b5f9736e516f60609df75169a77bee8a88

The History of Neurology in Belfast: The first hundred years

Ulster medical journal

aa6d27d0-f046-4ee6-af2c-460c46a888d0

The History of Neurology in Belfast: The first hundred years I would like to tell the story of the development of neurology in Belfast. I wish to concentrate on the first century. Why do I say the first century? Having researched the beginnings, I was surprised to discover that the first physician with special training in neurology to practice in Belfast set up his brass plate as long ago as 1888. From 1888 to the late 1980's comprises the first hundred years of neurology in Belfast. This takes us up to the closure of Claremont Street Hospital, and in-patient beds in Belfast City Hospital, with concentration of acute neurology beds at the Royal Victoria Hospital. I am not going to say much about my contemporaries or myself. I also feel more comfortable describing the talents and accomplishments of my predecessors whose lives have run their full course. There are many precedents for this.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/001f82ad6bbc117d3ad91427d9c90bfaf6c757b1

A brief history of cardiac pacing

Images in paediatric cardiology

f6452377-1aa9-4a60-8482-5838c9f86822

A brief history of cardiac pacing This article is the first of three articles that will deal with pacing. The history and background leading to pacemakers as we know them is briefly discussed.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/daeaa136e4163ce222bc66e224207b7c5b07c3e7

[Retracted] Liraglutide repairs the infarcted heart: The role of the SIRT1/Parkin/mitophagy pathway

Molecular Medicine Reports

9e867a6d-79c2-4cef-b939-738283fc3e3a

Liraglutide repairs the infarcted heart: The role of the SIRT1/Parkin/mitophagy pathway Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editors' attention by a concerned reader that the immunofluorescence data shown in Fig. 2G, the mitochondria‑ and lysosome‑stained images in Fig. 3C, the JC‑1 staining images in Fig. 4C and the immunofluorescence data in Fig. 5G were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had either already been published elsewhere prior to the submission of this paper to Molecular Medicine Reports, or were under consideration for publication at around the same time. In view of the fact that certain of the abovementioned data had already apparently been published previously, the Editor of Molecular Medicine Reports has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal. After having been in contact with the authors, they agreed with the decision to retract the paper. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/280ad5987bf4e54a5a4a87924b7aa0aad973c28f

Game Plan: Communicable Disease Surveillance for Super Bowl XLVIII – New Jersey, 2014

Online Journal of Public Health Informatics

aa4667d1-2b39-4535-843a-afe997710038

Game Plan: Communicable Disease Surveillance for Super Bowl XLVIII – New Jersey, 2014 This oral presentation will describe the surveillance planning and activities for a large-scale event (Super Bowl XLVIII) using New Jersey syndromic surveillance system (EpiCenter).

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f2c8eaed21211bef7bf7a77e37fef91739a37bb3

Identification of novel biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea via integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation

PeerJ

558a3215-8ffd-4b31-be7f-f653ca3b600d

Identification of novel biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea via integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex and multi-gene inherited disease caused by both genetic and environmental factors. However, due to the high cost of diagnosis and complex operation, its clinical application is limited. This study aims to explore potential target genes associated with OSA and establish a corresponding diagnostic model. Methods This study used microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to OSA and perform functional annotation and pathway analysis. The study employed multi-scale embedded gene co-expression network analysis (MEGENA) combined with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis to select hub genes and construct a diagnostic model for OSA. In addition, the study conducted correlation analysis between hub genes and OSA-related genes, immunoinfiltration, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), miRNA network analysis, and identified potential transcription factors (TFs) and targeted drugs for hub genes. Finally, the study used chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) mouse model to simulate OSA hypoxic conditions and verify the expression of hub genes in CIH mice. Results In this study, a total of 401 upregulated genes and 275 downregulated genes were identified, and enrichment analysis revealed that these differentially expressed genes may be associated with pathways such as vasculature development, cellular response to cytokine stimulus, and negative regulation of cell population proliferation. Through MEGENA combined with LASSO regression, seven OSA hub genes were identified, including C12orf54, FOS, GPR1, OR9A4, MYO5B, RAB39B, and KLHL4. The diagnostic model constructed based on these genes showed strong stability. The expression levels of hub genes were significantly correlated with the expression levels of OSA-related genes and mainly acted on pathways such as the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway. Drug-target predictions for hub genes were made using the Connectivity Map (CMap) database and the Drug-Gene Interaction database (Dgidb), which identified targeted therapeutic drugs for the hub genes. In vivo experiments showed that the hub genes were all decreasing in the OSA mouse model. Conclusions This study identified novel biomarkers for OSA and established a reliable diagnostic model. The transcriptional changes identified may help to reveal the pathogenesis, mechanisms, and sequelae of OSA.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f17d87d7974f9398e4a670bba060236455a58bee

Correction: Ecohydrodynamics of Cold-Water Coral Reefs: A Case Study of the Mingulay Reef Complex (Western Scotland)

PLoS ONE

0aed7a40-85f3-4c66-9e1b-c1556c57001b

Correction: Ecohydrodynamics of Cold-Water Coral Reefs: A Case Study of the Mingulay Reef Complex (Western Scotland) Ecohydrodynamics investigates the hydrodynamic constraints on ecosystems across different temporal and spatial scales. Ecohydrodynamics play a pivotal role in the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems, however the lack of integrated complex flow models for deep-water ecosystems beyond the coastal zone prevents further synthesis in these settings. We present a hydrodynamic model for one of Earth's most biologically diverse deep-water ecosystems, cold-water coral reefs. The Mingulay Reef Complex (western Scotland) is an inshore seascape of cold-water coral reefs formed by the scleractinian coral Lophelia pertusa. We applied single-image edge detection and composite front maps using satellite remote sensing, to detect oceanographic fronts and peaks of chlorophyll a values that likely affect food supply to corals and other suspension-feeding fauna. We also present a high resolution 3D ocean model to incorporate salient aspects of the regional and local oceanography. Model validation using in situ current speed, direction and sea elevation data confirmed the model's realistic representation of spatial and temporal aspects of circulation at the reef complex including a tidally driven current regime, eddies, and downwelling phenomena. This novel combination of 3D hydrodynamic modelling and remote sensing in deep-water ecosystems improves our understanding of the temporal and spatial scales of ecological processes occurring in marine systems. The modelled information has been integrated into a 3D GIS, providing a user interface for visualization and interrogation of results that allows wider ecological application of the model and that can provide valuable input for marine biodiversity and conservation applications. Copyright: ß 2014 Navas et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This paper is a contribution towards the European Commission FP7 projects HERMIONE (grant 226354) and EPOCA (grant 211384) and the UK Ocean Acidification programme (NERC grant NE/H017305/1). JMN and JMR acknowledge support from Heriot-Watt University's Environment & Climate Change theme and Javier Campuzano from the Technical University of Lisbon. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8504afc74a396f45bbfa97d86ad384cb930aa56f

Taking up the Gavel

Yearbook of Medical Informatics

Taking up the Gavel On my desk at Vanderbilt University, I proudly display the gavel of the IMIA President given to IMIA by past IMIA President Shigekoto Kaihara (Figure 1). The gavel is engraved with the names of all past IMIA presidents. The names span 51 years starting with François Grémy, who became president in 1968, and ending with my immediate predecessor Hyeoun-Ae Park and my own. When preparing to write this President’s Statement for the 2018 IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics, I read over the names and reflected upon what an honor and challenge it is to step into the role of IMIA President. to implement electronic health records and new aspects of our field like genomics and phenomics with their associated challenges and opportunities make IMIA more relevant than ever before. IMIA serves as the organizer and convener of the international informatics community bridging distances between professionals operating in different spheres. IMIA provides the tools and vehicles to allow free exchange of ideas and research across borders and continents. I want to use this space to discuss how IMIA will continue to fill this important role and support the dissemination of ideas in our field. IMIA’s tools to support its mission include the MedInfo conference, the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics, IMIA working groups, and now the International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bb1e2e7ee5ba716ab4dab33a91d094db0ee6e569

A prospective comparative clinical study of peripheral blood counts and indices in patients with primary brain tumors

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine

f75b40af-e778-47da-a56a-9a74cc6b13e0

A prospective comparative clinical study of peripheral blood counts and indices in patients with primary brain tumors Background: Elevation of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis in many malignancies including recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Objectives: This study was aimed at assessing if the NLR and other leukocyte counts and indices were deranged in treatment-naïve patients with primary brain tumors when compared with an age-matched healthy control group. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective comparative clinical observational study by design. A healthy control population was compared with treatment-naïve patients diagnosed with intra- and extraaxial brain tumors. Leukocyte counts (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts) as well as leukocyte ratios such as the NLR and the monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated. We also evaluated if the counts and indices were related to the tumor volume. Results: In all patients with tumors, the platelet and neutrophil counts were elevated when compared to the controls. In contrast, monocyte counts and the MLR were found to be decreased in patients with tumors when compared to the controls. The subset of patients with glioblastoma showed a significant increase in NLR when compared to the controls. Conclusions: Significant changes in the neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet counts as well as NLR and MLR were observed. Prospective longitudinal studies are required to determine the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these findings.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c67e877e455bc07e17c8fdccb8d92517b1b13885

Wnt3a‐Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Promote Alveolar Epithelial Regeneration after Lung Injury (Adv. Sci. 18/2023)

Advancement of science

28927fa0-8dca-4082-a7d0-abd989c8ef12

Wnt3a‐Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Promote Alveolar Epithelial Regeneration after Lung Injury (Adv. Sci. 18/2023) Wnt3a‐Loaded Extracellular Vesicles In article number 2206606, Linzhao Cheng, Senquan Liu, and co‐workers devise a novel approach to deliver hydrophobic Wnt3a by anchoring it to the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The therapeutic functions of engineered EVs are validated by experimental lung injury models. EV‐based Wnt signaling activation may represent a valuable therapeutic strategy for tissue regeneration and repair after injury.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/abb549572b60c4f5258b54e2683a752b908e8d52

Non-Operative Management of Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures: Short Term Outcomes

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics

4cee8e05-cea8-4cb8-8d55-403001865066

Non-Operative Management of Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures: Short Term Outcomes Category: Hindfoot; Sports; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: The incidence of Achilles tendon rupture in the United States is approximately 2.6 per 100,000 person years, with a significant increase in incidence over recent years reported. Should the acute rupture not be diagnosed promptly, as is the case in up to 20% of patients, the injury may be termed chronic. A number of operative treatment strategies for chronic Achilles ruptures have been described, including v-y tendinous flap, flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer, peroneus brevis graft and free gracilis transfer. Despite the extensive investigation of non-operative treatment in acute ruptures, there is a lack of similar research into chronic injuries. This article aims to address this gap in the literature, reporting treatment results of patients treated conservatively after being deemed unfit for operative intervention. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients receiving non-operative treatment for chronic Achilles ruptures, in the senior author's clinic between December 2014 and May 2019 was performed. A chronic injury was defined as occurring when there was a delay of at least 28 days between initial injury and start of treatment. Patients with a minimum final follow up of less than 6 months were excluded. All patients were managed according to the previously described Leicester Achilles Management Protocol (LAMP), an eight-week functional dynamic regime with use of a VACOped boot (OPED, Valley, Germany). Formal physiotherapy treatment was also provided following completion of the LAMP. Hospital records were searched for relevant data including patient age and sex, side of injury, time between injury and start of treatment and post-treatment Achilles tendon total rupture score (ATRS). Results: A total of 17 consecutive patients with a minimum follow up of 6 months were managed non-operatively during the stated time period. The cohort included eight males and nine females with a mean age of 63.4 14.3 years. The right side was injured in five cases, with the left side affected in 12. The mean time from initial injury to start of treatment was 43.9 days (range 30 - 102 days). The mean ATRS at 6 months post treatment was 53+-17.8. A total of 10 patients were also available for follow up at 12 months. The mean ATRS in these patients at 12 months was 73 +-15.2. Conclusion: The mean 12-month ATRS of 73 achieved is lower than figures of 89-92.5 reported in previous studies describing operative treatment. However, our results indicate that good outcomes may be achieved using a non-operative protocol in patients who decline or are unfit for surgery. Recent research reports that the mean age of Achilles rupture has increased by 0.721 years every five years, since 1953. It could therefore be likely that an increasing number of patients suffering chronic Achilles ruptures may be unfit for surgical treatment. It is important that further research into the non-operative treatment of these patients is conducted.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/83bd58d1d29e6133974d203ccede33acb97583d1

Bullous Leg Lesions Caused by Culicoides Midges after Travel in the Amazon Basin

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

edb009e0-8764-47dc-ae3d-4fda473d3c32

Bullous Leg Lesions Caused by Culicoides Midges after Travel in the Amazon Basin A 36-year-old man presented with 1 day of blistering lesions on the lower extremities. Two days before presentation, he had traveled to several rural communities in the Peruvian Amazon. During that trip, he had hiked through several areas of damp soil, decaying plants, and dense grass reaching up to 50 cm in height. He awoke the next morning with numerous confluent, erythematous, pruritic, non-blanching papules that were circumferential around both ankles. Over the next day, multiple bullae up to 4.5 cm in diameter developed with surrounding edema (Figure 1). The patient was treated with prednisone (50 mg daily) by mouth for 3 days, followed by routine wound care with topical antimicrobials, dressings, and topical hydrocortisone for pruritus. The lesions stabilized in size by the third day and had largely resolved by 14 days with minimal scarring. Figure 1. View of the patient's right ankle 1 day after travel, with prominent bullae and numerous confluent papules. Soft-tissue edema is obscuring the medial malleolus. This figure appears in color at www.ajtmh.org. This case was caused by midge bites, likely from the hematophagous species Culicoides paraensis and insinuatus (Figure 2). These small insects are widespread in the Peruvian Amazon, where they favor wet areas, grass, and decaying vegetation such as the remains of banana (platano) trees.1 Approximately 1 mm in size and noiseless, they are difficult to see and may be overlooked in vector-avoidance strategies despite being vectors for Oropouche virus and other pathogens. Bites to humans may manifest as an immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction with urticaria or as presumably delayed-type reactions with papular, ulcerating, or bullous lesions that can require weeks to resolve.2 Travelers to rural regions in the tropics should adhere carefully to vector precautions, including the use of N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), permethrin, and physical barriers such as heavy boots and tucked-in trousers to prevent bites and their potential consequences. Figure 2. Dissecting microscope images (40×) of a female C. paraensis collected near Iquitos, Peru in the vicinity of where the subject traveled. (A) Thorax and legs. (B) Head. (C) Abdomen. (D) Wing. This figure appears in color at www.ajtmh.org.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ea01aa341141fe3decf219af3e1d7477784c04de

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Cancer Pain Management: A Systematic Review

Indian Journal of Palliative Care

95fec493-b604-4ec1-bd0e-cb97eae6e598

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Cancer Pain Management: A Systematic Review Quality of life (QoL) encompasses the physical, psychosocial, social and spiritual dimensions of life lived by a person. Cancer pain is one of the physical component has tremendous impact on the QoL of the patient. Cancer pain is multifaceted and complex to understand and managing cancer pain involves a tool box full of pharmacological and non pharmacological interventions but still there are 50-70% of cancer patients who suffer from uncontrolled pain and they fear pain more than death. Aggressive surgeries, radiotherapy and chemotherapy focus more on prolonging the survival of the patient failing to realize that the QoL lived also matters equally. This paper reviews complementary and alternative therapy approaches for cancer pain and its impact in improving the QoL of cancer patients.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/494b1513216ef45fc88a4a0bce5eab157881cd0f

Respiratory nursing training in Croatia

Breathe

a96b84b8-8164-4f76-b662-fd016c8a8f8d

Respiratory nursing training in Croatia Nursing education in the Republic of Croatia is conducted at the secondary and higher education levels (post-secondary and tertiary). Croatian nursing education is in line with the recommendations of European Directives 2005/36/EC and 2013/55/EU . High school (secondary level) education lasts for 5 years; after graduation, students are awarded the title “general care nurse” .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ef7f477b369f21d352f0255707dfeb376795849f

Phylogeography and population diversity of Simulium hirtipupa Lutz (Diptera: Simuliidae) based on mitochondrial COI sequences

PLoS ONE

0aed7a40-85f3-4c66-9e1b-c1556c57001b

Phylogeography and population diversity of Simulium hirtipupa Lutz (Diptera: Simuliidae) based on mitochondrial COI sequences High morphological homogeneity and cryptic speciation may cause the diversity within Simuliidae to be underestimated. Recent molecular studies on population genetics and phylogeography have contributed to reveal which factors influenced the diversity within this group. This study aimed at examining the genetic diversity of Simulium hirtipupa Lutz, 1910 in populations from the biomes Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest. In this study, we carried out phylogeographic and population genetic analyses using a fragment of the mitochondrial gene COI. The 19 populations studied were clustered into seven groups, most of which are associated with geography indicating certain genetic structure. The northern region of the state of Minas Gerais is most likely the center of origin of this species. The average intergroup genetic distance was 3.7%, indicating the presence of cryptic species. The species tree as well as the haplotype network recovered all groups forming two major groups: the first comprises groups Gr-Bahia (in which the São Francisco river has not acted as geographical barrier), Gr-Pernambuco, and Gr-Mato Grosso do Sul. The second included groups comprising populations of the states of Goiás, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Bahia, São Paulo, and Espírito Santo. The mismatch distribution for groups was consistent with the model of demographic expansion, except for the Gr-Central-East_1 group. The diversification in this group occurred about 1.19 Mya during the Pleistocene, influenced by paleoclimatic oscillations during the Quaternary glacial cycles.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dfb3171405ae3a86f8e4ee4bd5f36d9ad9a60f4d

The Prevalence and Course of Preinvasive Cervical Lesions during Pregnancy in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Annals of African medicine

dce3bcd8-9b83-46f3-b8c4-482570bb7eb0

The Prevalence and Course of Preinvasive Cervical Lesions during Pregnancy in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital Background: In spite of knowledge of the causes and prevention of cervical cancer, screening programs for cervical cancer have not yet been fully implemented in most developing countries including Nigeria. Documented data on the prevalence of preinvasive cervical lesion in pregnancy are scarce in our environment. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and course of preinvasive cervical lesion in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria, Northern Nigeria Study Design: This was a cross-sectional longitudinal study. Setting: The study was conducted in an antenatal clinic of ABUTH Zaria. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional longitudinal analysis was carried out at an Antenatal Clinic of ABUTH Zaria, Nigeria. A total of 250 consecutive pregnant women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and have given their consent were recruited into the study at the time of their first prenatal (booking clinic) visit for antenatal care. Data from the pregnant women were obtained using a pro forma to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors for preinvasive disease. Conventional Papanicolaou smear was taken using the standard procedure. The cytopathologic findings of initial and postpartum Pap smear were documented in the pro forma. Prevalence, persistence, progression, and regression rates of preinvasive diseases were determined. Results: Out of the 250 pregnant women who had cervical cytology by Pap smear during the study, 15 had preinvasive cervical lesion, giving a prevalence rate of 6%; 13 (87%) were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LGSIL) while 2 (13%) were high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL). Negative smears were seen in 158 women (63.2%). Inflammatory and other conditions of the cervix which are technically negative smears made up the remaining 30.8%. At postpartum follow-up of the 13 women with LGSIL, 2 (15.4%) became negative while persistence of the disease was observed in 9 (69.2%) of the cases. Two women with LGSIL were lost to follow-up. Of the two women with HGSIL, persistence of the disease was seen in one woman (50%) and regression of the disease was seen in the other woman. Risk factors that were found to be associated with preinvasive cervical lesion were age at coitarche <16 years, number of sexual partners since coitarche, and previous history of sexually transmitted infection and human immunodeficiency virus. Parity, smoking, and use of contraception were found not to be significant risk factors. Conclusion: Preinvasive lesion of the cervix is relatively common among antenatal clients in our center. Antenatal clients with HGSIL should have a repeat smear at the end of the puerperium before treatment. Routine Pap smear should be offered to all antenatal clients in our setting.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e6ac4ef408c2073bb7121f57cc0548d2c1591a1e

Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B55α functions in mouse oocyte maturation and early embryonic development

OncoTarget

106ecc86-1801-4b36-a05c-d36db69a968c

Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B55α functions in mouse oocyte maturation and early embryonic development Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B55α (PP2A-B55α) has been studied in mitosis. However, its functions in mammalian meiosis and early embryonic development remain unknown. Here, we report that PP2A-B55α is critical for mouse oocyte meiosis and preimplantation embryo development. Knockdown of PP2A-B55α in oocytes led to abnormal asymmetric division, disordered spindle dynamics, defects in chromosome congression, an increase in aneuploidy, and induction of the DNA damage response. Moreover, knockdown of PP2A-B55α in fertilized mouse zygotes impaired development to the blastocyst stage. The impairment of embryonic development might have been due to induction of sustained DNA damage in embryos, which caused apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation and outgrowth potential at the blastocyst stage. Overall, these results provide a novel insight into the role of PP2A-B55α as a novel meiotic and embryonic competence factor at the onset of life.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b04e8cfcfeff7cb60f01c8eafb22a2e47f6d413b

Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of H2 and N2 binding to bimetallic nickel-group 13 complexes and neutron structure of a Ni(η2-H2) adduct

Chemical Science

2a0713ba-a4af-4a0a-ae49-81b8edeca660

Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of H2 and N2 binding to bimetallic nickel-group 13 complexes and neutron structure of a Ni(η2-H2) adduct Binding energies for H2 and N2 at nickel become more exergonic for the larger group 13 sigma-accepting supports.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/acaad5ec9524b609aa9edc223b4113543dc44823

Development of a gold-nanorod-based lateral flow immunoassay for a fast and dual-modal detection of C-reactive protein in clinical plasma samples

RSC Advances

0650c289-97b1-4db5-a39d-247ed29f04e3

Development of a gold-nanorod-based lateral flow immunoassay for a fast and dual-modal detection of C-reactive protein in clinical plasma samples Fast and simple detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) is highly significant for the diagnosis and prognosis of inflammatory or infectious diseases. Lateral flow immunoassay has the advantages of rapid detection, simple operation and low cost, but it is usually limited by the quantitative ability and speed of data extraction. Herein, a gold-nanorod-based lateral flow immunoassay was developed to rapidly detect CRP by simultaneously monitoring the colorimetric and temperature signals. In this method, anti-CRP antibody-modified gold nanorods (GNRs) were designed as colorimetric and photothermal conversion probes. A mouse anti-CRP monoclonal antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG were used as test and control lines, respectively. Then, a lateral flow immunochromatographic strip was constructed by a sandwich-type method for detecting CRP by introducing antibody-modified GNRs, and this procedure needed less than 15 min. Finally, the detection signals can be directly observed by eyes and directly read using a thermal imager. The as-synthesized GNR showed high photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 39%) and strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption. For CRP detection, the proposed immunochromatographic strip exhibited good specificity, high sensitivity, good linearity within the range of 50–10 000 ng mL−1 and a low limit of detection (LOD, 1.3 ng mL−1). This method was successfully applied for CRP detection in clinical plasma samples, and it correlated very well with the diagnostic kit of immunoturbidimetry (r = 0.96). The results indicated that the developed GNR-based immunochromatographic strip has immense potential for use as a rapid and cost-effective in vitro diagnostic kit.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7c1a3287c36b68e915ca7e89f357aa554dcd6b6b

Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review

Annals of Translational Medicine

15a12adf-61c6-4c5f-9edc-675b2ee2f6e2

Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review Background and Objective Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the fundamental anti-cancer regimens by means of inducing in situ tumor vaccination and driving a systemic anti-tumor immune response. It can affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) components consisting of blood vessels, immunocytes, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix (ECM), and might subsequently suppress anti-tumor immunity through expression of molecules such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 therapies, have been regarded as effective in the reinvigoration of the immune system and another major cancer treatment. Experimentally, combination of RT and ICIs therapy shows a greater synergistic effect than either therapy alone. Methods We performed a narrative review of the literature in the PubMed database. The research string comprised various combinations of “radiotherapy”, “programmed death-ligand 1”, “microenvironment”, “exosome”, “myeloid cell”, “tumor cell”, “tumor immunity”. The database was searched independently by two authors. A third reviewer mediated any discordance of the results of the two screeners. Key Content and Findings RT upregulates PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and macrophages. The signaling pathways correlated to PD-L1 expression in tumor cells include the DNA damage signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) pathway, cGAS-STING pathway, and JAK/STATs pathway. Conclusions PD-L1 upregulation post-RT is found not only in tumor cells but also in the TME and is one of the mechanisms of tumor evasion. Therefore, further studies are necessary to fully comprehend this biological process. Meanwhile, combination of therapies has been shown to be effective, and novel approaches are to be developed as adjuvant to RT and ICIs therapy.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4cf851dbb3c0da86526b31a9a70a0e6d72350e61

Differences between Acute Embolic and Atherosclerotic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Multiphase Arterial Spin-labeling Imaging

Neurologia medico-chirurgica

89b1905a-ec01-4ef8-b44f-18cef504440b

Differences between Acute Embolic and Atherosclerotic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Multiphase Arterial Spin-labeling Imaging Arterial spin-labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) is widely used for evaluating collateral development in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to characterize the findings of multiphase ASL-MRI between embolic and atherosclerotic large vessel occlusion (LVO) to aid in the differential diagnosis. Among 982 patients with AIS, 44 who were diagnosed with acute, symptomatic, and unilateral occlusion of the horizontal segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were selected and categorized into embolic stroke (ES) and atherosclerosis (AT) groups. Using ASL-MRI (postlabeling delay of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 s) at admission, the ipsilateral to contralateral ratio (ICR) of the signal intensity and its time-course increasing rate (from PLD 1.5 to 2.0 and 2.5, ΔICR) were measured and compared between the two groups. The mean ICR was significantly higher in the AT group than in the ES group (AT vs. ES: 0.49 vs. 0.27 for ICR1.5, 0.73 vs. 0.32 for ICR2.0, and 0.92 vs. 0.37 for ICR2.5). The ΔICR of PLD 1.5-2.0 (ΔICR2.0) and 2.5 (ΔICR2.5) were also significantly higher in the AT group than in the ES group (AT vs. ES: 50.9% vs. 26.3% for ΔICR2.0, and 92.6% vs. 42.9% for ΔICR2.5). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed moderate-to-strong discriminative abilities of each ASL-MRI parameter in predicting MCA occlusion etiology. In conclusion, multiphase ASL-MRI parameters may aid in differentiating intracranial LVO etiology during the acute phase. Thus, it is applicable to AIS management.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4da7571b0c133cbce4ca8d81ebe72649ba010f90

Effect of therapeutic hypothermia on chromosomal aberration in perinatal asphyxia

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences

ca4e0408-1550-498e-9cbc-71c730ca9216

Effect of therapeutic hypothermia on chromosomal aberration in perinatal asphyxia Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause for neonatal mortality and morbidity around the world. The reduction of O2results in the generation of reactive oxygen species which interact with nucleic acid and make alteration in the structure and functioning of the genome. We studied the effect of therapeutic hypothermia on chromosomes with karyotyping. Subjects and Methods: Babies in the hypothermia group were cooled for the first 72 h, using gel packs. Rectal temperature of 33–34°C was maintained. Blood sample was collected after completion of therapeutic hypothermia for Chromosomal analysis. It was done with IKAROS Karyotyping system, Metasystems, based on recommendations of International system of human cytogenetic nomenclature. Results: The median chromosomal aberration was lower in hypothermia than control group and chromatid breakage was commonest aberration seen. Chromosomal aberration was significantly higher in severe encephalopathy group than moderate encephalopathy group. Conclusion: We conclude that the TH significantly reduces DNA damage in perinatal asphyxia.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7aee487b7409d9e4f07790d333979f8778ea1a05

Being Evidence Based in Library and Information Practice

Journal of the Medical Library Association

9de68168-09a7-4762-8e01-6da6db430acb

Being Evidence Based in Library and Information Practice In this work, Koufogiannakis and Brettle bring together “recent theory, research and case studies from practice environments across the broad field of librarianship to illustrate how librarians can incorporate the principles of evidence-based library and information practice (EBLIP) into their work”

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/268ebacd9134588b923f506579501b48884592b7

CHARLES HOLWELL TALBOT (1906–1993)

Medicina e historia

01e1b869-8faa-4deb-8cd9-48453c0c239e

CHARLES HOLWELL TALBOT (1906–1993) Charles H. Talbot, PhD, BD, BCL, died at his home in London on 13 September 1993 of a stroke at the age of eighty-seven. He was best known to medical history as a leading expert on medieval England. He also made notable contributions to the fields of Cistercian studies and the history of the Anglo-Saxon church. Born in Portsmouth in 1906, Charles Talbot received his education at Mundella School in Nottingham. His university education was at the Gregorian University in Rome, and he returned to England to teach philosophy and classics at Mount St Bernard Abbey, Charnwood Forest, in Leicester, from 1930 until 1946. From 1947 until 1954, he was a librarian at the Warburg Institute in London, and in 1954 he joined the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine in London as their medievalist, where he worked until his retirement. Dr Talbot' s The Anglo-Saxon missionaries in Germany (1954) helped to establish him as a major scholar in the field of medieval studies. This was followed by editions of the works of Bernard of Clairvaux (1957, with J. Leclercq arid H. M. Rochais), and Ailred of Rievaulx (1971, with A. Hoste). He published the Life of Christina ofMarkyate in 1959. In 1965 he collaborated with E. A. Hammond to produce The medical practitioners in medieval England: a biographical register, which quickly became the standard reference tool in the field. This was followed in 1967 by Medicine in medieval England, a survey text. He lectured and taught widely in England, Canada, the United States, and elsewhere. His approach to medieval medical history was governed by two very different influences on his formation as an historian. On the one hand, he reacted strongly against that dark, dismissive view of the European Middle Ages which refused to allow that any aspect of medieval thought or practice deserved the noble name of science. This attitude was most forcibly expressed in George Sarton's widely influential series of volumes, Ihitroduction to the history ofscience (c. 1927-1948). On the other hand, his training had been in the rigours and subtleties of medieval philosophy and theology, disciplines which left him with an abiding doubt about the intellectual worth of medieval medical and scientific thought. There was more of George Sarton in Charles Talbot than he cared to admit or, perhaps, realized. In spite of his ambivalent views on medieval science, he was one of the first, competent medievalists in the post-war English-speaking world to treat medieval medicine seriously on the basis of a first-hand knowledge of its, mostly manuscript, texts. An avid gardener and a keen rambler, Charles Talbot continued to be as active as possible even when slowed by a series of strokes toward the end of his life. Visitors to his home in southeast London could count on generous hospitality, a keen and sometimes dangerous wit, and a fervent love of the outdoors, which coloured nearly every conversation. Surrounded by books (more than twenty written by himself), Charles Talbot maintained a lively interest in the life of the mind and a delight in nature throughout his long and productive life.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8867c027c0ebe8f10df8486abed23e04c2bdfca6

Retracted: Analysis of PICC Based on Dysfunction Module Personalized Nursing Treatment in Chemotherapy of Advanced Esophageal Cancer

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

946e893f-4e7f-47c5-8544-15aa5a2cc679

Retracted: Analysis of PICC Based on Dysfunction Module Personalized Nursing Treatment in Chemotherapy of Advanced Esophageal Cancer .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ceacc950cb2cc5eb42bc28bc5751cdca1ca6a628

Computational Approach to Molecular Catalysis by 3d Transition Metals: Challenges and Opportunities

Chemical Reviews

f458795b-af97-4b7c-ba4e-d57bbb57f90a

Computational Approach to Molecular Catalysis by 3d Transition Metals: Challenges and Opportunities Computational chemistry provides a versatile toolbox for studying mechanistic details of catalytic reactions and holds promise to deliver practical strategies to enable the rational in silico catalyst design. The versatile reactivity and nontrivial electronic structure effects, common for systems based on 3d transition metals, introduce additional complexity that may represent a particular challenge to the standard computational strategies. In this review, we discuss the challenges and capabilities of modern electronic structure methods for studying the reaction mechanisms promoted by 3d transition metal molecular catalysts. Particular focus will be placed on the ways of addressing the multiconfigurational problem in electronic structure calculations and the role of expert bias in the practical utilization of the available methods. The development of density functionals designed to address transition metals is also discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the methods that account for solvation effects and the multicomponent nature of practical catalytic systems. This is followed by an overview of recent computational studies addressing the mechanistic complexity of catalytic processes by molecular catalysts based on 3d metals. Cases that involve noninnocent ligands, multicomponent reaction systems, metal–ligand and metal–metal cooperativity, as well as modeling complex catalytic systems such as metal–organic frameworks are presented. Conventionally, computational studies on catalytic mechanisms are heavily dependent on the chemical intuition and expert input of the researcher. Recent developments in advanced automated methods for reaction path analysis hold promise for eliminating such human-bias from computational catalysis studies. A brief overview of these approaches is presented in the final section of the review. The paper is closed with general concluding remarks.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b386297b159bba6ff663a67dc3ca1649a3932c0e

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Immediate Implant Placement- A Case Report

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

78f0693c-2254-425e-9816-0af30e467821

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Immediate Implant Placement- A Case Report Diagnostic imaging acts as a distinctive method in analyzing and drawing in the appropriate treatment protocol for any procedure. Pertaining to immediate implant placement, determining the bone width and height plays a vital role in the success of the implant therapy. This visualization of the measurements done preoperatively will enhance the treatment by reducing the overall time span of the procedure. Currently, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) plays a significant role in the preoperative determination of the measurements of the tooth and the bone. This case report is regarding, a 27-year-old male patient reporting to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Madha Dental College and Hospital, with a chief complaint of fractured crown in relation to the upper left front tooth region. On clinical examination, there was the presence of an endodontically failed and fractured crown in relation to 22. With the interpretation of clinical and radiographic examination, the tooth was categorized under unfavorable prognosis. The patient was given a detailed description of the various treatment procedures available pertaining to that present condition, along with immediate implant placement procedure. Since the patient was young and conscious about his esthetics and accuracy, he opted for placement of immediate implant followed by extraction of the tooth. To accurately determine the length and width, the tooth and socket measurements were preoperatively measured by CBCT. This article evaluates the accuracy of CBCT by comparing the clinical quantity of bone and dimensions of tooth to be extracted and alveolar socket.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/314f920da733952fc66a17a27bd5b47fc8f1a9de

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PATIENTS PATCH TESTED WITH PLANT SERIES: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Indian Journal of Dermatology

9dfbd503-d104-4952-88dc-462e8ce2e5c2

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PATIENTS PATCH TESTED WITH PLANT SERIES: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY Background: Plants are ubiquitous in nature and are essential for human life, though some do have detrimental effects. In India, there are various indigenous and foreign plants that are well known to cause dermatitis, Parthenium hysterophorus being the foremost. Aims of the Study: To study the clinical features of patients presenting with plant dermatitis and evaluate plant allergen series patch test results. Materials and Methods: 50 patients with suspected plant dermatitis were evaluated regarding evolution of dermatitis, precipitating factors and contact with various plants. 31 patients (62%) complained of photo sensitivity and 24 (48%) had involvement of sun-exposed areas. Our provisional diagnoses included allergic contact dermatitis in 16, air borne contact dermatitis in 9, phytophotodermatitis in 7, photodermatitis in 6, airborne contact dermatitis to other causes in 4, phytodermatitis in 3. Patients were patch tested with Indian standard series of allergens as well as plant allergen series consisting of common allergenic plants of local flora in and around Manipal and also with plants strongly suspected by the patient. 35 tested positive with maximum positives (26 patients, i.e., 52%) to Parthenium hysterophorus (Compositae). Results: The result of patch testing was correlated with the history and clinical examination and relevance established. Conclusions: Majority of the patients with clinically suspected plant dermatitis belonged to 3rd or 4th decade and Parthenium was the leading plant allergen Sensitization to Leguminosae plants and Hopea ponga, seen in 9 cases, have not been reported earlier in literature.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8f2defdb92f1f817487af7aae7a75036995011a4

Traffic-related Air Pollution and Attention in Primary School Children

Epidemiology

c8f566e4-f999-4812-b133-4016ccdff42b

Traffic-related Air Pollution and Attention in Primary School Children Background: Although air pollution’s short-term effects are well understood to be marked and preventable, its acute neuropsychological effects have, to our knowledge, not yet been studied. We aim to examine the association between daily variation in traffic-related air pollution and attention. Methods: We conducted a follow-up study from January 2012 to March 2013 in 2,687 school children from 265 classrooms in 39 schools in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). We assessed four domains of children’s attention processes every 3 months over four repeated visits providing a total of 10,002 computerized tests on 177 different days using the child Attention Network test (ANT). Ambient daily levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and elemental carbon (EC) in particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM2.5) filters were measured at a fixed air quality background monitoring station and in schools. Results: Daily ambient levels of both NO2 and EC were negatively associated with all attention processes (e.g., children in the bottom quartile of daily exposure to ambient NO2 levels had a 14.8 msecond faster response time than those in the top quartile, which was equivalent to a 1.1-month retardation in the natural developmental improvement in response speed with age). Similar findings were observed after adjusting for the average indoor (classroom) levels of pollutants. Associations for EC were similar to those for NO2 and robust to several sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: The short-term association of traffic-related air pollutants with fluctuations in attention adds to the evidence that air pollution may have potential harmful effects on neurodevelopment. See video abstract at, .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/618cb7e5c6c90793ed2f38cfc887f42553642004

Deregulation of methylation of transcribed-ultra conserved regions in colorectal cancer and their value for detection of adenomas and adenocarcinomas

OncoTarget

106ecc86-1801-4b36-a05c-d36db69a968c

Deregulation of methylation of transcribed-ultra conserved regions in colorectal cancer and their value for detection of adenomas and adenocarcinomas Expression of Transcribed Ultraconserved Regions (T-UCRs) is often deregulated in cancer. The present study assesses the expression and methylation of three T-UCRs (Uc160, Uc283 and Uc346) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and explores the potential of T-UCR methylation in circulating DNA for the detection of adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Expression levels of Uc160, Uc283 and Uc346 were lower in neoplastic tissues from 64 CRC patients (statistically significant for Uc160, p<0.001), compared to non-malignant tissues, while methylation levels displayed the inverse pattern (p<0.001, p=0.001 and p=0.004 respectively). In colon cancer cell lines, overexpression of Uc160 and Uc346 led to increased proliferation and migration rates. Methylation levels of Uc160 in plasma of 50 CRC, 59 adenoma patients, 40 healthy subjects and 12 patients with colon inflammation or diverticulosis predicted the presence of CRC with 35% sensitivity and 89% specificity (p=0.016), while methylation levels of the combination of all three T-UCRs resulted in 45% sensitivity and 74.3% specificity (p=0.013). In conclusion, studied T-UCRs’ expression and methylation status are deregulated in CRC while Uc160 and Uc346 appear to have a complicated role in CRC progression. Moreover their methylation status appears a promising non-invasive screening test for CRC, provided that the sensitivity of the assay is improved.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8ee28753b92954013c0f9ad0bda9f7a8df832813

Imaging Sample Acidification Triggered by Electrochemically Activated Polyaniline

Analytical Chemistry

164cf9d6-c9e8-41f0-b15d-00fa34cb4bd1

Imaging Sample Acidification Triggered by Electrochemically Activated Polyaniline In this letter, we demonstrate 2D acidification of samples at environmental and physiological pH with an electrochemically activated polyaniline (PANI) mesh. A novel sensor–actuator concept is conceived for such a purpose. The sample is sandwiched between the PANI (actuator) and a planar pH optode (sensor) placed at a very close distance (∼0.50 mm). Upon application of a mild potential to the mesh, in contrast to previously reported acidification approaches, PANI releases a significant number of protons, causing an acid–base titration in the sample. This process is monitored in time and space by the pH optode, providing chemical imaging of the pH decrease along the dynamic titration via photographic acquisition. Acidification of samples at varying buffer capacity has been investigated: the higher the buffer capacity, the more time (and therefore proton charge) was needed to reach a pH of 4.5 or even lower. Also, the ability to map spatial differences in buffer capacity within a sample during the acid–base titration was unprecedentedly proven. The sensor–actuator concept could be used for monitoring certain analytes in samples that specifically require acidification pretreatment. Particularly, in combination with different optodes, dynamic mapping of concentration gradients will be accessible in complex environmental samples ranging from roots and sediments to bacterial aggregates.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5231b0c52cd22fbbc82b38f7ac70b2c712222ced

Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Associated Risk Factors in sub-Saharan Africa

Plants

e53a7f00-880e-4975-9953-95f2e540dbb7

Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Associated Risk Factors in sub-Saharan Africa Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global mortality, including deaths arising from non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Consequently, this study aimed to provide details of medicinal plants (MPs) employed in SSA for the treatment of CVDs and their related risk factors to open new avenues for the discovery of novel drugs. The extensive ethnopharmacological literature survey of these MPs in 41 SSA countries was based on studies from 1982 to 2021. It revealed 1,085 MPs belonging to 218 botanical families, with Fabaceae (9.61%), Asteraceae (6.77%), Apocynaceae (3.93%), Lamiaceae (3.75%), and Rubiaceae (3.66%) being the most represented. Meanwhile, Allium sativum L., Persea americana Mill., Moringa oleifera Lam., Mangifera indica L., and Allium cepa L. are the five most utilised plant species. The preferred plant parts include the leaves (36%), roots (21%), barks (14%), fruits (7%), and seeds (5%), which are mostly prepared by decoction. Benin, Mauritius, Nigeria, South Africa, and Togo had the highest reported use while most of the investigations were on diabetes and hypertension. Despite the nutraceutical advantages of some of these MPs, their general toxicity potential calls for caution in their human long-term use. Overall, the study established the need for governments of SSA countries to validate the efficacy/safety of these MPs as well as provide affordable, accessible, and improved modern healthcare services.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fcc82d43317db981d03e34d53c41c15a72b4e275

Retracted: Signal-to-Noise Ratio Comparison of Several Filters against Phantom Image

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

946e893f-4e7f-47c5-8544-15aa5a2cc679

Retracted: Signal-to-Noise Ratio Comparison of Several Filters against Phantom Image .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f5a2fbe05f38b27945bcd05cac49916ddf31b860

The International Standard Set of Outcome Measures for the Assessment of Hearing in People with Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Otology and Neurotology

7648b344-2d32-410c-8d39-da6728d3a72d

The International Standard Set of Outcome Measures for the Assessment of Hearing in People with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Objective The aim is to recommend a minimum standard set of clinician-reported outcome measures (CROMs) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) on hearing for people with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). This project is part of the larger “Key4OI” project initiated by the “Care4BrittleBones foundation” of which the goal is to improve quality of life of people with OI. Key4OI provides a standard set of outcome measures and covers a large set of domains affecting the well-being of people with OI. Methods An international team of experts in OI, comprising specialists in audiological science, medical specialists, and an expert patient representative, used a modified Delphi consensus process to select CROMs and PROMs to evaluate hearing problems in people with OI. In addition, focus groups of people with OI identified key consequences of their hearing loss. These criteria were matched to categories of preselected questionnaires to select a PROM that matched their specific hearing-related concerns best. Results Consensus on PROMs for adults and CROMs for adults and children was reached. The focus of the CROMs was on specific audiological outcome measures and standardized follow-up. Conclusions This project resulted in a clear consensus statement for standardization of hearing-related PROMs and CROMs and follow-up management of patients with OI. This standardization of outcome measurements will facilitate comparability of research and easier international cooperation in OI and hearing loss. Furthermore, it can improve standard of care in people with OI and hearing loss by incorporating the recommendations into care pathways.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6704cb9edf633fdb60a8c96ee5f6296b3cd14771

Smoke analysis of a new surgical system that applies low-temperature plasma

Annals of Translational Medicine

15a12adf-61c6-4c5f-9edc-675b2ee2f6e2

Smoke analysis of a new surgical system that applies low-temperature plasma Background The high-frequency electrotome (ES), which is widely used in surgical procedures, generates surgical smoke that is potentially hazardous to operating personnel. Previous research shows that the PlasmaBlade (PB) may be able to overcome this problem. The present study set out to analyze potentially hazardous surgical smoke generated during electrosurgery by the ES, the PB, and. a new surgical system that applies low-temperature plasma, the NTS-100. Methods In vitro and in vivo healthy porcine models were used to compare volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter (PM) in smoke generated by the NTS-100, the PB, and the conventional ES when cutting liver, muscle, and skin and subcutaneous tissues. The detected indexes included the VOCs in surgical smoke, the concentration and percentage of each part, the PM2.5 concentration, the mass of particles, and the diameter distribution of particles. Results The smoke generated by the NTS-100 contained fewer hazardous components than that generated by the ES (P0.05). The PM2.5 concentration and mass of particles in the smoke generated by the NTS-100 were lower than those with the ES (P0.05). The NTS-100 generated larger particles than did the ES and the PB (P<0.05). Conclusions Surgical smoke contains harmful VOCs and PM, but the NTS-100 generated less hazardous surgical smoke than did the conventional ES and performed comparably to the PB. Therefore, using the NTS-100 may reduce the potential hazard of surgical smoke to operating room personnel.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/41148647680c851dbf18bf23c3484d68d7f1840f

Bridge: A New Algorithm for Rooting Orthologous Genes in Large-Scale Evolutionary Analyses

Molecular biology and evolution

52bd1f2f-5bb2-4bae-8674-c503b506c30e

Bridge: A New Algorithm for Rooting Orthologous Genes in Large-Scale Evolutionary Analyses Abstract Orthology information has been used for searching patterns in high-dimensional data, allowing transferring functional information between species. The key concept behind this strategy is that orthologous genes share ancestry to some extent. While reconstructing the history of a single gene is feasible with the existing computational resources, the reconstruction of entire biological systems remains challenging. In this study, we present Bridge, a new algorithm designed to infer the evolutionary root of orthologous genes in large-scale evolutionary analyses. The Bridge algorithm infers the evolutionary root of a given gene based on the distribution of its orthologs in a species tree. The Bridge algorithm is implemented in R and can be used either to assess genetic changes across the evolutionary history of orthologous groups or to infer the onset of specific traits in a biological system.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7a86cd9a05019b494fde6b618397b69d7caacab5

Defining nomograms for predicting prognosis of early and late recurrence in gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy

Medicine

2ae18de8-1e0b-4f92-9aa3-866ffc4f36e7

Defining nomograms for predicting prognosis of early and late recurrence in gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy There are few studies on the predictive factors of early recurrence (ER) and late recurrence (LR) of advanced gastric cancer (GC) after curative surgery. Our study aims to explore the independent predictors influencing the prognosis between ER and LR in patients with advanced GC after curative intent surgery respectively. And we will further develop nomograms for prediction of post recurrence survival (PRS). Data of patients with GC who received radical gastrectomy was retrospectively collected. Recurrence was classified into ER and LR according to the 2 years after surgery as the cutoff value. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to explore significant predictors in our analysis. Then these significant predictors were integrated to construct nomograms. The 1-, 2- and 3-year probabilities of PRS in patients with ER were 30.00%, 16.36% and 11.82%, respectively. In contrast, the late group were 44.68%, 23.40%, and 23.30%, respectively. Low body mass index (hazard ratio  = 0.86, P = .001), elevated monocytes count (HR = 4.54, P = .003) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (HR = 1.03, P = .037) at the time of recurrence were risk factors of PRS after ER. Decreased hemoglobin (HR = 0.97, P = .008) and elevated neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (HR = 1.06, P = .045) at the time of recurrence were risk factors of PRS after LR. The calibration curves for probability of 1-, 2-, and 3-year PRS showed excellent predictive effect. Internal validation concordance indexes of PRS were 0.722 and 0.671 for ER and LR respectively. In view of the different predictive factors of ER and LR of GC, the practical predictive model may help clinicians make reasonable decisions.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/48dec177b0137f50f65c2f5681379cf144edf3f5

Retracted: Internet of Things Device Identification Algorithm considering User Privacy

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

f32b7322-b69c-4e63-801d-8f50784ef778

Retracted: Internet of Things Device Identification Algorithm considering User Privacy .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/09d94ff119a02e89f5d83a69233f66d606a19752

A Sero-epidemiological Study of Arboviral Fevers in Djibouti, Horn of Africa

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

35fd9faf-2571-434e-8a65-aef604bdc819

A Sero-epidemiological Study of Arboviral Fevers in Djibouti, Horn of Africa Arboviral infections have repeatedly been reported in the republic of Djibouti, consistent with the fact that essential vectors for arboviral diseases are endemic in the region. However, there is a limited recent information regarding arbovirus circulation, and the associated risk predictors to human exposure are largely unknown. We performed, from November 2010 to February 2011 in the Djibouti city general population, a cross-sectional ELISA and sero-neutralisation-based sero-epidemiological analysis nested in a household cohort, which investigated the arboviral infection prevalence and risk factors, stratified by their vectors of transmission. Antibodies to dengue virus (21.8%) were the most frequent. Determinants of infection identified by multivariate analysis pointed to sociological and environmental exposure to the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. The population was broadly naïve against Chikungunya (2.6%) with risk factors mostly shared with dengue. The detection of limited virus circulation was followed by a significant Chikungunya outbreak a few months after our study. Antibodies to West Nile virus were infrequent (0.6%), but the distribution of cases faithfully followed previous mapping of infected Culex mosquitoes. The seroprevalence of Rift valley fever virus was 2.2%, and non-arboviral transmission was suggested. Finally, the study indicated the circulation of Toscana-related viruses (3.7%), and a limited number of cases suggested infection by tick-borne encephalitis or Alkhumra related viruses, which deserve further investigations to identify the viruses and vectors implicated. Overall, most of the arboviral cases' predictors were statistically best described by the individuals' housing space and neighborhood environmental characteristics, which correlated with the ecological actors of their respective transmission vectors' survival in the local niche. This study has demonstrated autochthonous arboviral circulations in the republic of Djibouti, and provides an epidemiological inventory, with useful findings for risk mapping and future prevention and control programs.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ed78f32ecf1425b5bd7b8dce0adfa1fb3948c99e

Calvarial reconstruction using high-density porous polyethylene cranial hemispheres

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery

a893303b-22d4-4ea4-975e-87368f63b12a

Calvarial reconstruction using high-density porous polyethylene cranial hemispheres Aims: Cranial vault reconstruction can be performed with a variety of autologous or alloplastic materials. We describe our experience using high-density porous polyethylene (HDPE) cranial hemisphere for cosmetic and functional restoration of skull defects. The porous nature of the implant allows soft tissue ingrowth, which decreases the incidence of infection. Hence, it can be used in proximity to paranasal sinuses and where previous alloplastic cranioplasties have failed due to implant infection. Materials and Methods: We used the HDPE implant in seven patients over a three-year period for reconstruction of moderate to large cranial defects. Two patients had composite defects, which required additional soft tissue in the form of free flap and tissue expansion. Results: In our series, decompressive craniectomy following trauma was the commonest aetiology and all defects were located in the fronto-parieto-temporal region. The defect size was 10 cm on average in the largest diameter. All patients had good post-operative cranial contour and we encountered no infections, implant exposure or implant migration. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the biocompatibility and flexibility of the HDPE cranial hemisphere implant make it an excellent alternative to existing methods of calvarial reconstruction.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/99fd495c706e20877a13253d97c19e7c64291ab8

Incidence of Newborn Drug Testing and Variations by Birthing Parent Race and Ethnicity Before and After Recreational Cannabis Legalization

JAMA Network Open

b9444cdd-c1d0-45a8-9db6-f8a53936292e

Incidence of Newborn Drug Testing and Variations by Birthing Parent Race and Ethnicity Before and After Recreational Cannabis Legalization Key Points Question Do newborn drug testing rates and results differ by birthing parent race and ethnicity at a Midwestern US academic medical center, and did this change after state recreational cannabis legalization? Findings In a cohort study of 26 366 births from 2014 to 2020, clinicians were more likely to order drug tests for Black newborns (7.3%) compared with White newborns (1.9%) and other racial and ethnic groups when there was no obstetric urine drug test performed during the pregnancy. There was no difference in testing rates or racial inequity after legalization in 2018, but test results were more likely to be positive for tetrahydrocannabinol. Meaning This study identified racial inequities in newborn drug testing and calls for an exploration of structural and institutional racism as contributing factors to differences in testing patterns.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ee849b929091684866db55a78ee12d864adf295a

Proteomic Analysis of Kiwifruit in Response to the Postharvest Pathogen, Botrytis cinerea

Frontiers in Plant Science

e110cc75-cd00-4b7f-968c-fd70b464a553

Proteomic Analysis of Kiwifruit in Response to the Postharvest Pathogen, Botrytis cinerea Gray mold, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is the most significant postharvest disease of kiwifruit. In the present study, iTRAQ with LC-ESI-MS/MS was used to identify the kiwifruit proteins associated with the response to B. cinerea. A total of 2,487 proteins in kiwifruit were identified. Among them, 292 represented differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs), with 196 DAPs having increased, and 96 DAPs having decreased in accumulation in B. cinerea-inoculated vs. water-inoculated, control kiwifruits. DAPs were associated with penetration site reorganization, cell wall degradation, MAPK cascades, ROS signaling, and PR proteins. In order to examine the corresponding transcriptional levels of the DAPs, RT-qPCR was conducted on a subset of 9 DAPs. In addition, virus-induced gene silencing was used to examine the role of myosin 10 in kiwifruit, a gene modulating host penetration resistance to fungal infection, in response to B. cinerea infection. The present study provides new insight on the understanding of the interaction between kiwifruit and B. cinerea.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bed23a9a17a7ac674b33524334a0077d96486756

Novel External Fixation Device for the Treatment of Hallux Distal Phalanx Fractures

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics

4cee8e05-cea8-4cb8-8d55-403001865066

Novel External Fixation Device for the Treatment of Hallux Distal Phalanx Fractures Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: The great toe plays a large role in activity, including maintenance of balance and substantial weight bearing capabilities. Fractures of the hallux distal phalanx, especially when displaced or unstable, can lead to significant dysfunction of the interphalangeal joint (IP) and pain and may need operative intervention. Surgical options include wire pinning, screw fixation, external fixation, arthrodesis, or amputation. For patients with significant comminution and shortening who would like to attempt toe salvage without fusion, external fixation can lead to great outcomes. Unfortunately, the use of these devices is hindered by cost, size, and availability. We recommend the use of a novel low cost external fixation device that can be made intraoperatively using common materials found in the operative room. Methods: A 27-year-old female, with a severely comminuted right distal phalanx fracture with interphalangeal (IP) joint dislocation, presented 4 days after a skiing accident. We discussed treatment may require IP joint arthrodesis or partial amputation, however, salvage fixation could be attempted initially. First, a transverse percutaneous wire was placed through the distal phalanx tip since the fragment was still mostly intact. The wire exited the skin medially. Two Kocher clamps to each side of the wire were applied for distraction of the fracture site while simultaneous manual manipulation of the more proximal fragments was performed. Once reduced, three more proximal transverse wires were placed through a 3cc syringe, which acted as a rail to hold the fracture length stable. The distal transverse wire was then impaled through the rail so that all four wires were within the rail providing two points of fixation in the distal phalanx and proximal phalanx. Results: The patient's weight-bearing status was non-weight bearing to the right lower extremity for 6 weeks. This was actually being dictated by the more proximal tibial plateau fracture for which she was non-weight bearing. With regard specifically to the hallux fracture, she could have been heel weight beared immediately. At her most recent post-operative visit at 6 weeks, she was doing well with minimal pain. The external fixation device was removed in clinic and she was transitioned to a post-op shoe and allowed to weight bear as tolerated. She was motor and sensate intact with the ability to actively range her IP joint. Radiographs at the most recent visit revealed excellent alignment of the toe with minimal articular step off. Conclusion: With severely unstable hallux distal phalanx fractures, operative intervention should be considered. For those with a significant degree of comminution who still would like to undergo salvage fixation, external fixation is an excellent option. Unfortunately, the use of these devices is hindered by cost, size, and availability. Hand surgeons solved this problem by introducing small, low cost external fixators composed of common materials such as needle sheaths, IV cannulas, and syringes. We adapted their model to the toes and were able to obtain great clinical outcomes with low cost, all the while maintaining the patient's expectations for cosmesis.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c852a0f7505db4cef66c75bd8410f6f743ab9a2e

Report of Diseases among the Poor of Glasgow, during the Months of Feb., March, and April, 1832

Glasgow medical journal

cd716251-f81d-4522-b18d-326a397023cd

Report of Diseases among the Poor of Glasgow, during the Months of Feb., March, and April, 1832 Abortio, Abscess, mammary, Amaurosis, Anasarca, Aneurism of aorta,. Apoplexy, Ascites, Asthma, Bronchitis, Eurn, Cancer, of lip, Cardialgia, , Catarrhus, Cephalalgia, Cholera Colica, Con sti patio, Contusio Cutaneous disease, Cynanche tonsillaris Debilitas, Delirium tremens, Dentitio Diarrhoea, Dislocation, Dysenteria, Dysmenorrhcea, Dyspepsia, Elbow joint diseased, Enteritis, Epilepsia Eruptio, Erysipelas, Fever, Infantile, Puerperal, Typhus, Fractures, Gastritis, Gastrodynia, Hasmoptysis, Hemorrhage from uterus

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/409e4d3659da58eac92b38ed68462fd39613d685

Finite element analysis of stress concentration in three popular brands of fiber posts systems used for maxillary central incisor teeth

Journal of Conservative Dentistry

6210b338-b111-468c-8194-ea3f187883ab

Finite element analysis of stress concentration in three popular brands of fiber posts systems used for maxillary central incisor teeth Aims and Objectives: To study the stress concentrations in endodontically treated maxillary central incisor teeth restored with 3 different fiber post systems subjected to various oblique occlusal loads. Materials and Methods: FEM analysis was used to analyze stress concentrations generated in maxillary anterior teeth. Computer aided designing was used to create a 2-D model of an upper central incisor. Post systems analyzed were the DT Light Post (RDT, Bisco), Luscent Anchor (Dentatus) & RelyX (3M-ESPE). The entire design assembly was subjected to analysis by ANSYS for oblique loading forces of 25N, 80N & 125 N Results: The resultant data showed that the RelyX generated the least amount of stress concentration. Conclusions: Minimal stress buildups contribute to the longevity of the restorations. Thus RelyX by virtue of judicious stress distribution is the better option for restoration of grossly decayed teeth.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a3edc54ddf4c35c53c64df4e780470d91499426c

MALT1 accelerates proatherogenic vascular smooth muscle cell growth, invasion and synthetic phenotype switching via nuclear factor‑κB signaling‑dependent way

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

66d636a6-1266-477a-a4b6-928f1f87001d

MALT1 accelerates proatherogenic vascular smooth muscle cell growth, invasion and synthetic phenotype switching via nuclear factor‑κB signaling‑dependent way Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) modulates T helper cell differentiation and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway-mediated inflammation and potentially regulates lipid metabolism, which are all critical factors involved in atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of MALT1 on the cellular functions of proatherogenic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Therefore, to establish a human proatherogenic VSMC model, VSMCs were treated with different doses of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Subsequently, the effect of MALT1 overexpression or knockdown in proatherogenic VSMCs treated with or without NF-κB activator was also explored. The results showed that treatment of proatherogenic VSMCs with oxLDL significantly elevated the mRNA and protein expression levels of MALT1 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MALT1 overexpression enhanced cell viability, invasion and phenotype switching and reduced apoptosis in proatherogenic VSMCs. However, MALT1 knockdown exerted the opposite effect on the above cellular functions. Additionally, the results revealed that MALT1 could positively regulate the NF-κB pathway in proatherogenic VSMCs. Moreover, treatment of proatherogenic VSMCs with NF-κB activator not only exacerbated the dysregulation of cellular functions, but also hampered the effect of MALT1 knockdown on attenuating cell growth, invasion and synthetic phenotype switching, thus suggesting that NF-κB was essential for the regulation of MALT1-triggered functions in proatherogenic VSMCs. In conclusion, the current study suggested that MALT1 could exacerbate cell viability, mobility and synthetic phenotype switching of proatherogenic VSMCs in a NF-κB signaling-dependent manner. Therefore, MALT1 could be considered as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/04da55c21f6ba54fbf7cc4df4756bdab0383b68c

Practice and experience in the teaching system of clinical pharmacy laboratory in the post-epidemic era: A review

Medicine

2ae18de8-1e0b-4f92-9aa3-866ffc4f36e7

Practice and experience in the teaching system of clinical pharmacy laboratory in the post-epidemic era: A review Out of the global outbreak of COVID-19, clinical pharmaceutical therapeutic analytical-teaching laboratories underwent an increasing number of digitally-led teaching research. A teaching system working online and offline to monitor medicinal drugs was explored and established using a clinical pharmaceutical therapy through a drug concentration monitoring laboratory within a comprehensive tertiary hospital. Meanwhile, laboratory access training and standards of laboratory biosafety management system were also strictly implemented, improving the technical operation and daily management. Moreover, a new, significant, and efficient teaching mode was set up based on vocational training needs for efficient and professional learning. The learning results are enforced to have dynamic checks accomplished using stage-oriented assessment. Moreover, the questionnaire survey results, especially during independent learning ability and laboratory skills training, reveal that teachers and students have commented positively on the new teaching mode. Hereon, a clinical pharmaceutical teaching system during the Post-Epidemic Era was elaborated to provide a unique teaching mode and experience dedicated to teaching and scientific research in clinical therapeutic drug monitoring laboratory.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6ff12408a7508b2acfc9e624c52df6771a3f29cf

Robert M'Kenzie Johnston

Edinburgh medical journal

befe79e7-4edb-4281-9c6b-d16dbe123330

Robert M'Kenzie Johnston Johnston Minor (now Deputy Keeper of H.M. Signet) who was a chum of mine in Hartnell's house in the junior school. I cannot recall that at school he was much of a cricketer?certainly never so good as his younger brother became?but his sturdy build rciade him a pretty useful forward in the Rugby football field. His best performances were in the " Gym.," where he led the upper school team in feats of strength and skill over the wooden horse, along the swinging rings, and on the horizontal and parallel bars. In later days ^ often thought that his school nickname?which his contemporaries will remember?was not inappropriate as a description of one who had always a solid and substantial air, took his own line, was not easily deflected it, and generally got what he wanted. I did not meet Johnston again until I began to study medicine ln 1879, when he was dresser or clerk to Mr John Duncan, the SUrgeon. Johnston took his M.B., C.M. in 1881, two years ahead me, but we used to meet at his mother's hospitable house in ?Jutland Square, and at the Royal Medical Society on Friday evenings, where he soon made his mark, especially in private business, and was ?ventually Senior President. Johnston became House Surgeon to John Duncan. He took his ^?D. in 1883, and the Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons in the following year. Commencing as a general practitioner, he was s?on appointed Physician to the Sick Children's Hospital, but having made up his mind to become a specialist, he took up work in the Ear, ^?se and Throat Department and was appointed Assistant Surgeon t? Dr Peter M'Bride in the Royal Infirmary in 1890. In 1903 he was promoted to a full Surgeoncy, but had only, served for three years when a small growth on one of his vocal cords

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ecbb501f9984687757889bdd3acb7960617c60ae

Improving out-of-hours intravenous fluid prescribing for junior doctors: a prescription label

BMJ Quality Improvement Reports

6c242543-d410-4ae5-8385-c3469b306f31

Improving out-of-hours intravenous fluid prescribing for junior doctors: a prescription label Abstract Junior doctors are routinely asked to prescribe intravenous fluids (IVF) out-of-hours. Given time constraints and the number of unfamiliar patients, there is uncertainty about their prescription accuracy and safety, particularly in patients who have specific fluid balance requirements. An IVF prescription label was devised for the fluids section of the adult drug chart indicating important patient identifiers and diagnoses such as chronic heart/renal failure. The audit was carried out over a 16 day period, covering three weekends. A qualitative pre- and post-audit questionnaire assessed the confidence of junior doctors in out-of-hours IVF prescribing. All doctors based on the ward during that specific time period were targeted for the post-audit questionnaire. Post-audit, 58% (n=7) saw the label. 86% of those seven doctors stated the label had prompted them to do the following: a) examine the patient b) check blood results and c) urine output. 100% stated that the label improved their confidence in prescribing IVF. In addition, 71% felt the label made them more cautious in prescribing IVF and 43% felt they prescribed less. Overall, all seven (100%) doctors stated that the IVF prescription label was a useful addition to the drug chart. In conclusion, pressurised junior doctors would feel more confident prescribing IVF for unfamiliar patients if crucial information was readily visible on the drug chart. This would improve the accuracy of fluid prescribing and patient safety.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/90447a6e1db7cf9d3fa2e4ac97b883be6425f90b

Retraction to artesunate induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation, stemness, and tumorigenesis of leukemia

Annals of Translational Medicine

15a12adf-61c6-4c5f-9edc-675b2ee2f6e2

Retraction to artesunate induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation, stemness, and tumorigenesis of leukemia .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/04fcd748950db315a69eecac5c9d43ef202e4a42

Examining the relationship between autistic spectrum disorder characteristics and structural brain differences seen in anorexia nervosa

European eating disorders review

92748d45-fb73-4f2d-83bd-f4fe5f05be7d

Examining the relationship between autistic spectrum disorder characteristics and structural brain differences seen in anorexia nervosa Abstract Cortical differences have been reported in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) compared with healthy controls (HC); however, it is unclear if Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) characteristics are related to these cortical differences. The aim of this study was to examine if structural measures were correlated to ASD traits in AN. In total 184 female participants participated in the study; 57 acutely underweight AN participants (AAN), 59 weight‐restored participants (WR) and 68 HC. Participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging as well as completing the Autism Diagnostic Observation schedule, second edition to examine ASD characteristics. Group differences in curvature, gyrification, surface area, thickness, global grey matter and white matter were measured. Correlation and regression analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between cortical measures and ASD characteristics. Two decreased gyrification clusters in the right post central and supramarginal gyrus and decreased global grey matter were observed in the AAN group compared to HC and WR. No correlations between ASD traits and structural measures existed. Our results suggest structural differences seen in individuals with AN do not appear to be related to ASD characteristics.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c3cbaaee7ea4fcc31304db0f91734ffebdc07380

Retracted: The Impact of a Knowledge Discovery-Based Psychoanalytic Intervention in the Treatment of Tuberculosis in University Students with Different Doses of Isoniazid

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

946e893f-4e7f-47c5-8544-15aa5a2cc679

Retracted: The Impact of a Knowledge Discovery-Based Psychoanalytic Intervention in the Treatment of Tuberculosis in University Students with Different Doses of Isoniazid .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2ce94fcd29a8f477229ef129d8d5f5466fdfc852

Synthesis of New Derivatives of Benzylidinemalononitrile and Ethyl 2-Cyano-3-phenylacrylate: In Silico Anticancer Evaluation

ACS Omega

d516f81c-009b-445d-b748-c827efa137d3

Synthesis of New Derivatives of Benzylidinemalononitrile and Ethyl 2-Cyano-3-phenylacrylate: In Silico Anticancer Evaluation In this study, microwave-assisted Knoevenagel condensation was used to produce two novel series of derivatives (1–6) from benzylidenemalononitrile and ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate. The synthesized compounds were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The pharmacodynamics, toxicity profiles, and biological activities of the compounds were evaluated through an in silico study using prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) studies. According to the PASS prediction results, compounds 1–6 showed greater antineoplastic potency for breast cancer than other types of cancer. Molecular docking was employed to investigate the binding mode and interaction sites of the derivatives (1–6) with three human cancer targets (HER2, EGFR, and human FPPS), and the protein–ligand interactions of these derivatives were compared to those reference standards Tyrphostin 1 (AG9) and Tyrphostin 23 (A23). Compound 3 showed a stronger effect on two cell lines (HER2 and FPPS) than the reference drugs. A 20 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was also conducted to examine the ligand’s behavior at the active binding site of the modeled protein, utilizing the lowest docking energy obtained from the molecular docking study. Enthalpies (ΔH), Gibbs free energies (ΔG), entropies (ΔS), and frontier molecular orbital parameters (highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO–LUMO) gap, hardness, and softness) were calculated to confirm the thermodynamic stability of all derivatives. The consistent results obtained from the in silico studies suggest that compound 3 has potential as a new anticancer and antiparasitic drug. Further research is required to validate its efficacy.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b8604b55728106bcaba2940dcc7b00255a3d3fca

Angle Closure Scoring System (ACSS)-A Scoring System for Stratification of Angle Closure Disease

PLoS ONE

0aed7a40-85f3-4c66-9e1b-c1556c57001b

Angle Closure Scoring System (ACSS)-A Scoring System for Stratification of Angle Closure Disease Purpose To evaluate the angle closure scoring system (ACSS) for stratifying primary angle course disease. Methods This observational cross sectional institutional study included patients with primary open angle glaucoma suspects (n = 21) and primary angle closure disease (primary angle closure, PAC, n = 63 and primary angle course glaucoma, PACG, n = 58 (defined by International society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology, ISGEO). Two independent examiners blinded to clinical details, graded good quality pre-laser goniophotographs of the patients incorporating quadrants of peripheral anterior synechieae (PAS), non-visibility of posterior trabecular meshwork (PTM) and blotchy pigments (ranging from 1–4 quadrants), iris configuration, angle recess (sum of above depicting ACSSg) and lens thickness/axial length ratio (LT/AL), cup disc ratio and baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) to give total score (ACSSt). Result There were significant differences in ACSSg scores within the same ISGEO stage of PAC and PACG between eyes that required nil or >1medicines after laser iridotomy, p1 medicines in both PAC and PACG eyes, p12 and 14 in PAC (odds ratio = 2.7(95% CI-1.7–5.9) and PACG (Odds ratio = 1.6(95%CI-1.19–2.2) predicted need for single medicines while ACSSg scores >14 and 19 predicted need for ≥2 medicines in PAC and PACG eyes, respectively. The LT/Al ratio, IOP score or cup disc score did not influence the need for medical treatment independently. Conclusion The ACSS can be a useful clinical adjunct to the ISGEO system to predict need for medicines and prognosticate each stage more accurately.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/90456f67c858178557d5a081bb1c8b0fe194756f

Solitary eccrine syringofibroadenoma with nail involvement: A rare entity

Indian Journal of Dermatology

9dfbd503-d104-4952-88dc-462e8ce2e5c2

Solitary eccrine syringofibroadenoma with nail involvement: A rare entity Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is a rare, benign tumor of eccrine sweat gland origin that usually presents as a nodule on the extremities of an elderly person. It can also present as an ulcerative plaque, verrucous lesion, papular or nodular lesion or as palmoplantar keratoderma. Although the clinical features are variable, histology is characteristic in the form of anastomosing strands, cords and columns of epithelial cells embedded in a fibrovascular stroma. We report the case of a 62-year-old male with a nodular lesion on the extremity that caused secondary involvement of the nail in the form of complete nail dystrophy. The histology showed features consistent with ESFA. Nail involvement by ESFA is a rare presentation and is rarely described in the literature.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7c3fc7e9c8029aa823eb7db0243be080250c9470

Multiple protozoal infections in a single immunocompromised patient: A case report

Tropical Parasitology

579e4def-20ca-4064-9a4c-c36000e86d18

Multiple protozoal infections in a single immunocompromised patient: A case report Immunocompromised patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prone to multiple infections, of which parasitic infections are an important cause. Parasitic protozoal infections - both by common and rare protozoa are documented in such patients. Here, we report a rare and interesting case of five protozoal infections affecting a single HIV-infected person at the same time of initial presentation. A 64-years-male came to us with complaints of chronic diarrhea for 6 months. He was investigated and found to be positive for HIV I. His stool examination revealed cysts of Entameba histolytica and Giardia lamblia and oocysts of Cryptosporidium species and Cystoisospora species. His toxoplasma IgG was also positive in high titer. The patient was medically diagnosed and was treated with medications as clinically prescribed - antiretroviral therapy was initiated and he was discharged in due course. A total of five protozoal infections were documented affecting a single person - newly diagnosed immunocompromised male, which by sheer qualitative count of patient case histories, indeed is a rare case reported in the medical literature.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/741a25bdd8de2d92c419857f7ea06ab8e177bb18

Editorial Notes

Edinburgh medical journal

befe79e7-4edb-4281-9c6b-d16dbe123330

Editorial Notes due mainly to defective oxygenation, and the chief dangers paralysis of the medullary centres and heart failure. The choice of anaesthetic was discussed, methods combining the administration of oxygen, with the various mixtures of ether and chloroform being preferred in most cases, the chloroform to be used as sparingly as possible. The danger of post-anaesthetic acidosis was noted and its prevention discussed. Variations from this type in the case of other drug habits, such as morphinism and cocainism, were mentioned, and the question raised

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0033bf56dc16ef79b4ef6c3d648087e3b56f4178

Correction: Transient response of the Northwestern Iberian upwelling regime

PLoS ONE

0aed7a40-85f3-4c66-9e1b-c1556c57001b

Correction: Transient response of the Northwestern Iberian upwelling regime .

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/690895ecd7e7196ba18fcd06c13fa48978571ca0

Lymphocytic oesophagitis: diagnosis and management.

Clinical medicine (London)

0b9a8326-7dab-4e3b-98fb-f2ab5f6b3c11

Lymphocytic oesophagitis: diagnosis and management. Lymphocytic oesophagitis is a rare inflammatory condition that was first described in 2006. Although it is being increasingly diagnosed, it remains poorly described and characterised. There is limited research on the natural history, diagnosis and management of this condition. The most common presenting symptoms are dysphagia, chest pain and heartburn. Endoscopic features can mimic eosinophilic oesophagitis. International consensus is needed to secure a histological definition, to agree on an endoscopic severity scoring system and to determine an appropriate management algorithm. This review summarises the main evidence for the diagnosis and management of lymphocytic oesophagitis, thus setting the scene for the future directions needed to improve the management of this condition.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01aa8d3264ff5b9c721ec676275ef41cb7d3c510

A Web-Based Distance Education Course in Nutrition in Public Health: Case study

Journal of Medical Internet Research

2baad992-2268-4c38-9120-e453622f2eeb

A Web-Based Distance Education Course in Nutrition in Public Health: Case study Background Strict work timetables, personal and professional duties or an inability to be absent from home or work can all represent major constraints for those wishing to improve their professional skills. Within this context, the World Wide Web can allow people to conveniently follow distance courses from their homes. Objective To present an experience in the use of the Web in the continuing education of healthcare professionals in Brazil. Methods A Web-based distance education course in nutrition in public health was developed. The methodology was an adaptation of both problem-based and task-based learning. At the end of the course an evaluation questionnaire which covered the course's contents, the educational methodology and resources, the duration and schedule, and the use of the Web as a tool for distance education was given to the students. Results There were 83 on line registrations from 13 states, 73 of the applicants were female, 62 had a degree in nutrition and 18 were physicians. From these; eleven students from ten states were chosen: nine female nutritionists, two female physicians, and one male physician. Seven students completed the course, took and passed the final exam. Of the other four students, two failed to follow the schedule, one had health problems, and one did not obtain the minimal score for sitting the final exam. The students had a mean age of 35, and a mean of ten years in practice. They all stated that they were unable to attend a regular course, even though they felt that they needed to improve their professional skills. Most of them studied seven days a week for between two and four hours a day. The students also felt that their professional skills had improved and each reported having made changes in their practice as a result of their participation. The students approved of the course's contents, methodology and resources, however they were divided about its duration. The Web as a tool in distance education was approved by the students. If it was not for the Web they could not have taken part in a continuing education program. All students said they would attend another virtual course, if available. Even though most of them did not have difficulty adapting to the virtual environment, they did feel that an adaptation period would be of value. Conclusions A Web-based course may be more effective than other distance education methodologies because it is more interactive and dynamic. On-line material can be constantly reviewed and updated, and the students can have the opportunity to submit commentaries or questions directly to the teaching staff. A Web-based course also allows the students to go beyond the course content as they learn how to search and take advantage of the huge resources of information available on the Internet.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/10ffa074916936375fe624404b7327d7ccc4eccd

Effect of low-power diode laser on infected root canals

Brazilian Dental Journal

836b921e-9c79-430d-9d4a-1f24a6ede581

Effect of low-power diode laser on infected root canals Abstract This study evaluated the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on infected root canals. Twenty-one human teeth were selected, and 18 were infected by E. faecalis for 60 days. The antimicrobial strategies tested were: G1. Root canal preparation (RCP) using Niquel-Titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments, 2.5% NaOCl, and final irrigation with 17% EDTA, followed by PDT with methylene blue photosensitizer and laser diode low power; G2. RCP using stainless steel files and the same irrigation and PDT protocols as G1; G3. Same RCP protocol as G1 without PDT; G4. Only irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl; G5. Same PDT protocol as G1 without RCP; G6. Negative control; G7. Positive control. Samples for microbiological tests were collected initially (S1), after RCP (S2), and after PDT (S3). Subsequently, the roots were sectioned and prepared for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Bacterial growth was analyzed according to the turbidity of the culture medium, followed by spectrophotometric optical density (nm). The effect of PDT on the dentinal structure was evaluated at magnifications 1,600X and 5,000X and described qualitatively. The Wilcoxon test was used for the comparisons from the same specimens, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare groups ((=5%). Bacteria were found in all experimental groups’ microbiological samples (S1, S2 and S3). The optical density of culture media was lower in S2 than in S1 of G1, 2, 3, and 4 (p> 0.05). After PDT (S3) in G1 and 2, there was an additional reduction in optical density of the culture medium, respectively (p>0.05). In Group 5, the analysis of culture media at S2 revealed an increase in optical density compared to S1(p>0.05). In SEM images of G1, 2, and 5, dentin with melting and recrystallization areas were evidenced. After preparation of the root canal with the rotary system or manually associated with 2.5% NaOCl, PDT was not able to completely eliminate E. faecalis present in the root canal.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/40ca16b7e0e9d2c6d6cadd1cd67b8449b1600ed0

COVID-19–Associated Misinformation Across the South Asian Diaspora: Qualitative Study of WhatsApp Messages

JMIR infodemiology

5954d9ea-100f-4b8f-94ce-3e2ba0431102

COVID-19–Associated Misinformation Across the South Asian Diaspora: Qualitative Study of WhatsApp Messages Background South Asians, inclusive of individuals originating in India, Pakistan, Maldives, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Nepal, comprise the largest diaspora in the world, with large South Asian communities residing in the Caribbean, Africa, Europe, and elsewhere. There is evidence that South Asian communities have disproportionately experienced COVID-19 infections and mortality. WhatsApp, a free messaging app, is widely used in transnational communication within the South Asian diaspora. Limited studies exist on COVID-19–related misinformation specific to the South Asian community on WhatsApp. Understanding communication on WhatsApp may improve public health messaging to address COVID-19 disparities among South Asian communities worldwide. Objective We developed the COVID-19–Associated misinfoRmation On Messaging apps (CAROM) study to identify messages containing misinformation about COVID-19 shared via WhatsApp. Methods We collected messages forwarded globally through WhatsApp from self-identified South Asian community members between March 23 and June 3, 2021. We excluded messages that were in languages other than English, did not contain misinformation, or were not relevant to COVID-19. We deidentified each message and coded them for one or more content categories, media types (eg, video, image, text, web link, or a combination of these elements), and tone (eg, fearful, well intentioned, or pleading). We then performed a qualitative content analysis to arrive at key themes of COVID-19 misinformation. Results We received 108 messages; 55 messages met the inclusion criteria for the final analytic sample; 32 (58%) contained text, 15 (27%) contained images, and 13 (24%) contained video. Content analysis revealed the following themes: “community transmission” relating to misinformation on how COVID-19 spreads in the community; “prevention” and “treatment,” including Ayurvedic and traditional remedies for how to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection; and messaging attempting to sell “products or services” to prevent or cure COVID-19. Messages varied in audience from the general public to South Asians specifically; the latter included messages alluding to South Asian pride and solidarity. Scientific jargon and references to major organizations and leaders in health care were included to provide credibility. Messages with a pleading tone encouraged users to forward them to friends or family. Conclusions Misinformation in the South Asian community on WhatsApp spreads erroneous ideas regarding disease transmission, prevention, and treatment. Content evoking solidarity, “trustworthy” sources, and encouragement to forward messages may increase the spread of misinformation. Public health outlets and social media companies must actively combat misinformation to address health disparities among the South Asian diaspora during the COVID-19 pandemic and in future public health emergencies.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bea3b93aab3ee2e940faa946fd60f87c4fc68faf

“Transactional Analysis - a toolkit for the workshop of life”

Indian Journal of Psychiatry

abb0b27b-530d-4e7d-8bde-7bdb25448cc4

“Transactional Analysis - a toolkit for the workshop of life” Aims: The workshop aims at giving basic orientation to several themes and application of Transactional Analysis to participants Background: Transactional Analysis is a psychotherapy technique designed by Dr. Eric Berne TA is a practice founded on a set of philosophical views about people and goals to change. The assumptions made are 1. People are OK. 2. Everyone has the capacity to think. 3. People decide their own destiny and these decisions can be changed. Applications In psychotherapy In developmental psychology In organisational behavior In Education A transactional analyst believes in the competency of client to understand and deal with his problems. So every individual has a personal responsibility of feeling,thinking and his or her behavior. As a young child I have decided my responses to environmental pressure. These responses are carried in Adulthood as dysfunctional patterns of thinking and behavior. TA holds people can change. This change is genuine and lasting. Change is not brought merely by getting insight into the pattern but actively replacing it that are appropriate for the grown up abilities. The treatment direction is a informed choice with set contract goals. It uses various methods like ego states, strokes, script analysis etc. Everyone of us has a right to free ourselves from the past that interferes in the present through your beliefs. TA brings awareness ,spontaneity and autonomy in our lives.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b80e064e7ae0947e65d0ee5edbf2d68a7301a257

A surface antigen of Orientia tsutsugamushi activates human monocyte-derived dendritic cells via nuclear factor-kB & p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

The Indian journal of medical research

c894e6fa-e208-428a-a7e7-f54240447bbb

A surface antigen of Orientia tsutsugamushi activates human monocyte-derived dendritic cells via nuclear factor-kB & p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways Background & objectives: Scrub typhus is a chigger-borne disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. The immunological reactions to O. tsutsugamushi infection are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the response of dendritic cells (DCs) to a major 56-kDa scrub typhus antigen Sta56. Methods: Monocyte-derived human DCs were incubated with different concentrations of recombinant Sta56 and analyzed for maturation based on phagocytic capacity, the ability to induce T-cell proliferation, expression of surface markers, cytokine secretion and activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent signalling pathways. Results: Treatment of DCs with Sta56 induced cell surface expression of CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC Class II increased the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) p40, IL-12 p70 and IL-10 and decreased DC phagocytic capacity. Furthermore, Sta56 increased the ability of DCs to activate T-cell proliferation and interferon-γ secretion. TLR4-specific antibodies neutralized Sta56-elicited effects on DC maturation, suggesting direct interaction between Sta56 and TLR4. Moreover, Sta56 activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling as evidenced by decrease in Sta56-induced cytokine production and surface marker expression by specific inhibitors helenalin and SB203580, respectively, and increase in IκBα and p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB-DNA binding. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results showed that the surface antigen of O. tsutsugamushi activated DCs through interaction with TLR4 and activation of MAPK and NF-κB signalling, suggesting Sta56 as a potential candidate molecule for the development of vaccine against scrub typhus.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f25a11071f3d92e49c1c1ac7bafc3bd8fc34537e

1630. Antibiotics Prescribed for Infection Prophylaxis Prior to Dental Procedures Are Frequently Unnecessary in the United States

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

f20432ac-3c14-4779-bc66-2f24e1b2715e

1630. Antibiotics Prescribed for Infection Prophylaxis Prior to Dental Procedures Are Frequently Unnecessary in the United States Abstract Background Antibiotics are recommended prior to certain dental procedures (“antibiotic prophylaxis”) in patients with select comorbidities to prevent serious distant site infections. Our objective was to assess the appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis by dentists using Truven, a national integrated medical, dental, and prescription (Rx) claims database of 350 commercial plans. Methods Cross-sectional study of 8.7 million adult dental visits in 2015. Antibiotic prophylaxis was defined as Rx with 1 diagnostic CDT), preventative (53.0%), and restorative (11.2%). 98.4% of dental visits had an appropriate CDT for antibiotic prophylaxis. Comorbidities include orthopedic implants (45.4%) and cardiac diagnoses at the highest risk of infective endocarditis (22.2%). Per guidelines, 78.0% of dental visits with antibiotic prophylaxis were inappropriate. Amoxicillin was more likely to be inappropriate than other agents (OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.55–1.76). Orthopedic implants (OR=3.35; 95% CI: 3.14–3.56), tooth implant procedures (OR=3.30; 95% CI: 2.48–4.39), females (OR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.27–1.43) and the western US (OR=1.22; 95% CI: 1.09–1.36) were associated with inappropriate prescribing. Conclusion Antibiotic prophylaxis is prescribed for indicated dental procedures, but is not appropriately limited to patients with cardiac diagnoses per guidelines. Implementing antimicrobial stewardship efforts in dental practices may be an opportunity to improve antibiotic prescribing for infection prophylaxis. Disclosures J. C. McGregor, Merck: Grant Investigator, Research grant.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/deb5404753ee640bf723989fcb50221b4e236974

One-Step Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Biobased Polyamide 56 Nanofibers with High Antibacterial Activity

ACS Omega

d516f81c-009b-445d-b748-c827efa137d3

One-Step Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Biobased Polyamide 56 Nanofibers with High Antibacterial Activity Embedded silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) within nanofibers represent a highly promising alternative to common antimicrobial materials, due to the combined effective biocidal properties of Ag NPs with the biocompatibility and environmental friendliness of biobased polymers. In this study, we presented a novel one-step route to fabricate biobased polyamide 56 (PA56) nanofibers embedded with uniform Ag NPs. The process involved mixing reactive silver ammonia with PA56 solutions and then using formic acid as a reducing agent. Continuous electrospinning resulted in solvent evaporation, yielding Ag NPs highly dispersed within PA56 nanonet fibrous structures (PA56/Ag). Characterization assays confirmed the successful impregnation of Ag NPs in PA56 nanofibers, with an average size of about 32.4 nm. PA56/Ag nanofibers also displayed suitable morphology, mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility in vitro. Moreover, their antimicrobial effectiveness was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Collectively, the proposed PA56/Ag nanofibers possess desirable characteristics suitable for antimicrobial applications.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/27dd136cf63b597db832bcf46b20be2c3c8f79a0

Expression of protease-activated receptors 1 and 2 in individuals with healthy gingiva and chronic periodontitis

Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology

8c7575fd-6f5a-484f-a247-3cbd44f72c79

Expression of protease-activated receptors 1 and 2 in individuals with healthy gingiva and chronic periodontitis Background: Protease-activated receptors (PAR-1 and PAR-2) are found to be immensely exhibited in the periodontal tissues. These receptors are involved in the inflammatory and repair processes. Activation of PARs is mainly by the bacterial and endogenous enzymes. The aim of the study was to determine the role of PAR-1 and PAR-2 in initiating periodontal inflammation and to immunolocalize these receptors in the gingival tissues of healthy and chronic periodontitis individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients were selected for this study, of which 25 were healthy controls and 25 were chronic periodontitis patients. Gingival tissues were excised from the marginal gingiva and interdental papilla under local anesthesia (xylocaine with 2% adrenaline) during crown lengthening procedure or during periodontal therapy depending on the respective groups. Immunohistochemical analyses of PARs were done by staining the samples with hematoxylin and eosin and with primary and secondary antibody for PAR-1 and PAR-2. Results: The Hematoxylin and Eosin staining showed more inflammatory changes in the periodontitis group compared to healthy gingiva. In chronic periodontitis, PAR-1-positive cells were seen in the basal layer with a weak expression and were showing negative expression in the superficial layer. In consideration of PAR-2, there was a very strong expression up to the superficial layer of the epithelium, compared to PAR-1. On comparing the intensity of staining in the connective tissue of chronic periodontitis sample, there was an increased expression of PAR-2 compared with PAR-1. A low positive expression of PAR-1 and PAR-2 was observed in the epithelium and connective tissue of the healthy tissues. Conclusion: The results clearly demonstrated the role of PAR-1 and 2 in periodontal inflammation.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/69430c1c0510ffd9c2d44f48c9e91f7738c1a79f

Developing a single-session strategy for the implementation of take-home naloxone by community pharmacists using COM-B and design-thinking

Frontiers in Health Services

8d5c9d7a-94cb-4bea-a934-1cb6a17b0f6e

Developing a single-session strategy for the implementation of take-home naloxone by community pharmacists using COM-B and design-thinking Background Despite the overwhelming evidence of its effectiveness, there is poor implementation of take-home naloxone by pharmacists. Barriers have been explored and mapped to the capability, opportunity, motivation—behaviour (COM-B) model of behaviour change, yet no theoretically informed implementation strategies that target known barriers have been developed. Single-session implementation strategies have been proposed as a simple, scalable way to target multiple barriers. Methods Qualitative participatory methods, incorporating design-thinking principles, were used to develop the key messages of a single-session implementation strategy. The key messages were drafted against COM-B mapped implementation barriers identified in the literature. A participatory workshop involving a pre-mortem exercise and incorporating design-thinking principles were used to refine the messages and generate methods for dissemination. Messages were mapped to interview questions to naturally illicit stories and delivered via storytelling from a pharmacist, a general practitioner, and a person with lived experience of using naloxone. Results A 3 minute 40 second video and a two-page printable infographic were developed and hosted on a website, with links to additional downloadable resources as a single-session implementation strategy. Email was the preferred method for receiving simple professional development communications, with social media also widely accessed. Discussion Implementation science, behavioural change theory, and participatory design methods are a complementary combination to develop implementation strategies. Some pharmacists questioned the participatory design approach to developing an implementation strategy, as it was outside of their comfort zone. However, the participatory process involving end-users resulted in unique ideas that are unlikely to have been generated using more traditional consultative approaches. The delivery as a single-session implementation strategy allows for widespread dissemination and delivery at scale.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d07c82cc4964d6274084aa7c01a67b62d7ac92ad

A Catalogue of Printed Books in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library. II—Books printed from 1641 to 1850 A—E

Medicina e historia

01e1b869-8faa-4deb-8cd9-48453c0c239e

A Catalogue of Printed Books in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library. II—Books printed from 1641 to 1850 A—E A Catalogue ofPrinted Books in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library. II-Books printed from 1641 to 1850 A-E, London, The Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 1966, pp. xi, 540, £10 10s. The second part of the Wellcome Catalogue of Printed Books, of which this volume is the first instalment, covers a period much less fully explored by bibliographers and historians than the first volume which stopped at 1640. The limits of this new part of the Catalogue are arbitrary dates of convenience, starting before the foundation of the Royal Society and ending in the formative period of chemistry and cytology a decade before the impact of Darwin, for the Weilcome collection covers the matrix of natural science from which medicine cannot be divorced. On the other hand the authors listed in this first volume (the catalogue being alphabetically arranged by author-entry) are a fortuitous selection included because their initial falls between A and E. These include, besides authors native to the period, editions printed then of earlier and even ancient writers, providing a useful historical record of continued interest in these classic writers. The cataloguing formula is admirably concise and informative, indicating pagination, format and imprint. Naturally there are a few mistakes in such a large-scale work, but I have noticed none of importance. A vast fund of medical and near-medical literature is here made accessible, this volume alone listing some 18,000 items, and it is particularly instructive to note the ample provision of unfamiliar German books and of continental versions of English classics, such as an Italian translation of Baillie's Morbid Anatomy or a Portuguese one of Currie's Medical Reports. There are splendid series of editions of, among others, Bartholin, Boerhaave, Robert Boyle, William Buchan, Cheselden, Culpeper, Thomas Denman, Kenelm Digby, as well as copies of such uncommon but important books as Arent Cant Impetus primi anatomici 1721, or William Briggs Ophthalmographia 1676. Several non-scientific writers appear for whom, as Dr. Poynter says in his Preface, 'explanation but no excuse might be expected', such as Bernadin de St. Pierre, 'Concordance' Cruden, George (as well as William) Cruikshank, Daniel Defoe, and John Evelyn. Dr. Poynter and his chief cataloguer Mr. H. R. Denham have been generous in recording the special points of individual books, their inscriptions, bookplates, etc. No library is ever complete, and the publication of a catalogue brings an added benefit by drawing attention to desiderata. For instance the rich array of Sir Charles Bell's publications lacks one or two high-spots, while the varied writings of that interesting character Jean de Carro, the apostle of vaccination and promoter of Carlsbad, are very thinly represented. These lacunae may perhaps have been filled, just as Dr. Poynter points out that the fine collection of Americana in English and Spanish has been notably increased since the Catalogue was completed in 1962. W. R. LEFANU.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2f421c52008bf5bf31b47c5f23dd4674910b7e70

The Story of the Insane from Year to Year

The Hospital

965d752e-3d99-47a6-bf0f-de96ba26b1f3

The Story of the Insane from Year to Year of 27 during the year. 'There were 292 admissions, 105 recoveries and 122 deaths. Put into percentages the recoveries come out at 43 75 and the deaths at 12 27, both of these being above the average. Twenty-two of the admissions owed their insanity to hereditary influences and the same number to 'drink. Various brain diseases account for 35 of the deaths and phthisis for 14. Dr. Craddock tells ub how

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/731185ee2680469bf45a305d1cd0190edc51ceae

A Two-Year Observational Study to Evaluate Conversion Rates from High- and Low-Risk Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to Probable Alzheimer’s Disease in a Real-World Setting

Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports

A Two-Year Observational Study to Evaluate Conversion Rates from High- and Low-Risk Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to Probable Alzheimer’s Disease in a Real-World Setting Background: Predicting conversion to probable Alzheimer&s disease (AD) from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is difficult but important. A nomogram was developed previously for determining the risk of 3-year probable AD conversion in aMCI. Objective: To compare the probable AD conversion rates with cognitive and neurodegenerative changes for 2 years from high- and low risk aMCI groups classified using the nomogram. Methods: This prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted in Korea. A total of patients were classified as high- or low-risk aMCI according to the nomogram and followed-up for 2 years to compare the annual conversion rate to probable AD and brain structure changes between the two groups. Results: In total, 176 (high-risk, 85; low-risk, 91) and 160 (high-risk, 77; low-risk, 83) patients completed the 1-year and 2-year follow-up, respectively. The probable AD conversion rate was significantly higher in the high-risk (Year 1, 28.9%; Year 2, 46.1%) versus low-risk group (Year 1, 0.0%; Year 2, 4.9%, both p < 0.0001). Mean changes from baseline in Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery-Dementia Version, Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Box, and Korean version of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scores and cortical atrophy index at Years 1 and 2 were significantly greater in the high-risk group (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The high-risk aMCI group, as determined by the nomogram, had a higher conversion rate to probable AD and faster cognitive decline and neurodegeneration change than the low-risk group. These real-world results have clinical implications that help clinicians in accurately predicting patient outcomes and facilitating early decision-making. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03448445)

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/63639bd7b05746e7a702cb12dde41f212cafd292

Adib Domingos Jatene, 1929-2014

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

ca71970e-a556-4907-9d7c-8665f9d4c218

Adib Domingos Jatene, 1929-2014 Medicine; Cardiology; Culture; Career Mobility; Faculty/history. Or simply Adib to me, was born in Xapuri (AC). At birth, a voice (that of God!) made itself heard in the following words: “Maktub: this newborn will distinguish himself among many and, like few others, will know how to lead himself and lead those who seek him. The work that will be imposed will be twice the common, and his dynamism, his reputation and his intelligence will take him to the pinnacle of glory.”

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ad1083f16536cb5462d1b7b4ab42584c7f216dc6

Mechanical ventilation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Korea: a nationwide cohort study

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine

eb347459-34ff-4512-969e-f87c61e69cf8

Mechanical ventilation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Korea: a nationwide cohort study Background/Aims The prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation is poor. Therefore, mechanical ventilation is not recommended. Recently, outcomes of mechanical ventilation, including those for patients with IPF, have improved. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the use of mechanical ventilation in patients with IPF and their outcomes over time. Methods This retrospective, observational cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database. Patients diagnosed with IPF between January 2011 and December 2019 who were placed on mechanical ventilation were included. We analyzed changes in the use of mechanical ventilation in patients with IPF and their mortality using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Results Between 2011 and 2019, 1,227 patients with IPF were placed on mechanical ventilation. The annual number of patients with IPF with and without mechanical ventilation increased over time. However, the ratio was relatively stable at approximately 3.5%. The overall hospital mortality rate was 69.4%. There was no improvement in annual hospital mortality rate. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 68.7%, which did not change significantly. The overall 90-day mortality rate was 85.3%. The annual 90-day mortality rate was decreased from 90.9% in 2011 to 83.1% in 2019 (p = 0.028). Conclusions Despite improvements in intensive care and ventilator management, the prognosis of patients with IPF receiving mechanical ventilation has not improved significantly.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4077c622ecfc23c158981093800f99dafb6a6828

Assessment of Microbiological Content of Private and Public Recreational Water Facilities and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Al-Ahsa

Environmental Health Insights

ca461900-f178-442f-ace8-77dab3c50ba0

Assessment of Microbiological Content of Private and Public Recreational Water Facilities and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Al-Ahsa Background: Water recreational facilities like swimming pools attract people of all ages. However, these facilities are very suitable for the transmission of various microbial diseases and have been shown to pose public health concerns. Aims: This study assesses the presence of different Gram-negative bacteria pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in both private and public pools in Al-Ahsa. Methods: 11 private and 3 public recreational water facilities were sampled for the study. Collected water samples were inoculated into nutrient broth and incubated aerobically for 24 hours. The overnight growth was plated out on blood and MacConkey agars. Pure cultures of the bacteria samples were used for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test using the Vitek 2 compactautomated system (BioMerieux, Marcy L’Etoile, France). Minimum inhibitory concentration was also provided by the Vitek 2 compact automated system. Results: 13 different Gram-negative bacteria species isolates were encountered in both pool types sampled. More of potential pathogens were isolated from the private than the public pools, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa constituted 50% and 43%, respectively, of all the isolates. Findings also revealed a varied minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) indicating that the isolates were of different strains. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern also showed variability among the isolates. Conclusions: This study has revealed a potential health risk associated with the use of water recreational facilities. The presence of K pneumoniae and P aeruginosa suggests a public health concern and should be looked into.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2b19952c64c0373aca6db0364084ba5556b07401

Enhancing dermal and bone regeneration in calvarial defect surgery

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery

a893303b-22d4-4ea4-975e-87368f63b12a

Enhancing dermal and bone regeneration in calvarial defect surgery Introduction: To optimize the functional and esthetic result of cranioplasty, it is necessary to choose appropriate materials and take steps to preserve and support tissue vitality. As far as materials are concerned, custom-made porous hydroxyapatite implants are biomimetic, and therefore, provide good biological interaction and biointegration. However, before it is fully integrated, this material has relatively low mechanical resistance. Therefore, to reduce the risk of postoperative implant fracture, it would be desirable to accelerate regeneration of the tissues around and within the graft. Objectives: The objective was to determine whether integrating growth-factor-rich platelet gel or supportive dermal matrix into hydroxyapatite implant cranioplasty can accelerate bone remodeling and promote soft tissue regeneration, respectively. Materials and Methods: The investigation was performed on cranioplasty patients fitted with hydroxyapatite cranial implants between 2004 and 2010. In 7 patients, platelet gel was applied to the bone/prosthesis interface during surgery, and in a further 5 patients, characterized by thin, hypotrophic skin coverage of the cranial lacuna, a sheet of dermal matrix was applied between the prosthesis and the overlying soft tissue. In several of the former groups, platelet gel mixed with hydroxyapatite granules was used to fill small gaps between the skull and the implant. To confirm osteointegration, cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were taken at 3-6 month intervals for 1-year, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to confirm dermal integrity. Results: Clinical examination performed a few weeks after surgery revealed good dermal regeneration, with thicker, healthier skin, apparently with a better blood supply, which was confirmed by MRI at 3-6 months. Furthermore, at 3-6 months, CT showed good biomimetism of the porous hydroxyapatite scaffold. Locations at which platelet gel and hydroxyapatite granules were used to fill gaps between the implant and skull appeared to show more rapid integration of the implant than untreated areas. Results were stable at 1-year and remain so to date in cases where follow-up is still ongoing. Conclusions: Bone remodeling time could be reduced by platelet gel application during cranioplasty with porous hydroxyapatite implants. Likewise, layering dermal matrix over such implants appears to promote dermal tissue regeneration and the oshtemo mimetic process. Both of these strategies may, therefore, reduce the likelihood of postsurgical fracture by promoting mechanical resistance.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8f9e4a65753a5fad1c4047e045d5a98a2b0516d1

Effect of addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine 0.2% for femoral nerve block in patients undergoing unilateral total knee replacement: A randomised double-blind study

Indian Journal of Anaesthesia

38d0873f-b21e-4365-b630-42c46122e640

Effect of addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine 0.2% for femoral nerve block in patients undergoing unilateral total knee replacement: A randomised double-blind study Background and Aims: Total knee replacement (TKR) patients experience considerable post-operative pain. We evaluated whether addition of perineural dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine 0.2% in the femoral nerve block would enhance post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing unilateral TKR under spinal anaesthesia. Methods: Fifty patients were allocated randomly to two groups of 25 each. Group D received ropivacaine (0.2%) with dexmedetomidine (1.5 μg/kg), and Group C received ropivacaine (0.2%) with normal saline. Pain scores, time to the first request for analgesia and total consumption of ropivacaine in 48 h, along with haemodynamic parameters and sedation scores, were recorded. Quantitative data were compared using t-test, categorical data using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and time variables using ANOVA. Results: The mean pain scores were significantly low till 2 h post-operatively in Group D. Time to the first demand for analgesia after initial loading dose was statistically prolonged in Group D, with mean duration of 346.8 ± 240 min, compared to 150 ± 115.2 min in Group C (P = 0.001). Total local anaesthetic consumption was also decreased over 24 and 48 h in Group D (P = 0.001). Haemodynamically, there was no significant variation in heart rate from their baseline mean values in either group (P > 0.05). However, the drop in systolic and mean blood pressure post-surgery was significant till 4 (P = 0.002) and 8 h (P = 0.02), respectively, in Group D. Group D patients were also significantly more sedated till 4 h post-operatively (P < 0.005). Conclusion: Adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine 0.2% in the femoral nerve block in patients undergoing unilateral TKR improves the quality and prolongs the duration of post-operative analgesia.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6be52792e09e3bfaab05cf4f6d3d16da4666bf60

2639. Role of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) in Monitoring Community Transmission of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) to Determine Optimal Timing of Inpatient Palivizumab Administration at a Pediatric Hospital

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

f20432ac-3c14-4779-bc66-2f24e1b2715e

2639. Role of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) in Monitoring Community Transmission of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) to Determine Optimal Timing of Inpatient Palivizumab Administration at a Pediatric Hospital Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the transmission of RSV. Close monitoring of RSV transmission can impact optimal timing of PZ administration, as the benefit is diminished during periods of low community transmission. ASPs are in a unique position to leverage resources for monitoring epidemiology and recommending early initiation or suspension of inpatient PZ administration during periods of higher or lower RSV transmission, respectively. The role of ASPs in this capacity has not been well described. RSV positivity was determined by dividing the number of PCR tests with detectable RSV by the total number of tests performed during the specific month. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, inpatient palivizumab administration occurred during normal RSV seasons in the Northeast region (November to March). Prospective monitoring by the ASP was initiated in 2020 and the first suspension of inpatient palivizumab by the ASP occurred in February 2021. The dotted line represents the 3% threshold for initiation or suspension of inpatient palivizumab based on increasing or decreasing trends, respectively. Methods In 2020, the ASP initiated prospective monitoring of respiratory viral trends using the RSV positivity rate, which was provided by the microbiology laboratory. RSV positivity rate was calculated by dividing the number of tests with detectable RSV by the total number of tests performed. Inpatient PZ administration commenced once the weekly rate exceeded 3% for two consecutive weeks, regardless of the typical RSV season (i.e., November to March in the Northeast region). Inpatient administration was suspended once the weekly rate fell below 3%, along with suppression of the PZ order set in the electronic medical record. Targeted education and communication were provided to key stakeholders for initiation and suspension of PZ ordering. Results RSV transmission was 0% from November 2020 to January 2021. PZ administration was suspended in February 2021 and RSV positivity rate remained < 3% through April 2021 (figure 1). Administration was reinitiated in July 2021 (positivity rate 22%). The positivity rate started to decline in December 2021 and administration was suspended in February 2022 (positivity rate 1.6%). In July 2022, administration was reinitiated (positivity rate 11.4%). Administration was suspended in February 2023 (positivity rate 1.3%). The number of doses administered in each season are as follows: 52 (2018-2019), 42 (2019-2020), 14 (2020-2021), 56 (2021-2022), 65 (2022-2023). Conclusion By monitoring local epidemiology of RSV, ASPs can provide real-time recommendations for optimal timing of inpatient PZ administration. Suspension of PZ during periods of low transmission can be considered by ASPs as a cost-saving initiative. Additional studies are needed to calculate the clinical and financial impact of this ASP intervention. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7401d915b711a7dd95a3b6417c0d908578295571

Lessons from Our Patients: Development of a Warm Autopsy Program

PLoS Medicine

3b9c2af9-8503-4d14-a0de-af5ba0143ed2

Lessons from Our Patients: Development of a Warm Autopsy Program Kaminski and colleagues discuss the lessons they have learned in establishing a warm autopsy program to advance research on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c94b690b5594b09befb9b1378ba5c9a74779aac7

Clinical effectiveness of contemporary dentin bonding agents

Journal of Conservative Dentistry

6210b338-b111-468c-8194-ea3f187883ab

Clinical effectiveness of contemporary dentin bonding agents Aim: The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the clinical effectiveness of contemporary resin-based dentin bonding agents primarily focussing on the longevity of restoration. Materials and Methods: The literature published from June 2004 up to September 2010 was reviewed for clinical trials that tested the effectiveness of dentin bonding agents in the longevity of noncarious class V restoration. Results of each study reported using the USPHS criteria for clinical assessment of restoration were included and tabulated. The American Dental Association guidelines for dentin and enamel adhesives were used as a reference to compare the performance of individual bonding agents. Kruskal–Wallis followed by Mann–Whitney U was done to compare the mean Alfa score percentage for the three categories of bonding systems . Results: A comparison of the mean Alfa score percentages revealed no difference between the ER, SEP, and SEA categories of bonding systems except for marginal adaptation where ER was found to be superior to SEA. Conclusion: The clinical effectiveness of resin-based bonding agents is comparable among the three categories.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1f6d0525b271019c454020821fc795120cff8341

Ultrasound Assessment of Fetal Biometry in Iranian Normal Pregnancies

International Journal of Preventive Medicine

4a2f4040-3e67-488c-a90e-753cb46469ea

Ultrasound Assessment of Fetal Biometry in Iranian Normal Pregnancies Background: The objective of this study was to provide biometric charts for Iranian fetuses. Methods: One thousand four hundred and twenty-two women enrolled. Four hundred and eighty-four were in the second trimester of pregnancy and 940 were in the third trimester. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables. Percentiles (5th, 50th, 75th, and 90th) reported. Results: Mean femoral length ranged from 16 to 53 mm in our study in the second trimester and 55–79 mm in the third trimester. Mean biparietal diameter (BPD) for fetuses with in the second trimester was between 14 and 71 and for fetuses in the third trimester was between 74 and 98 mm. Mean abdominal circumference (AC) in our cases with gestational age between 14 and 41 ranged between 86 and 365 mm. Conclusions: We have provided normal reference ranges and percentiles for BPD, AC, femur length, and weight during the second and third trimester of pregnancy in an Iranian population.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/40f5761e6fd12ba4bc0aa03930528167b1b79106

Using Previous Medication Adherence to Predict Future Adherence

Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy

e643cabd-9ed7-4c4c-b50d-6676b70d02e8

Using Previous Medication Adherence to Predict Future Adherence BACKGROUND: Medication nonadherence is a major public health problem. Identification of patients who are likely to be and not be adherent can guide targeted interventions and improve the design of comparative-effectiveness studies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate multiple measures of patient previous medication adherence in light of predicting future statin adherence in a large U.S. administrative claims database. METHODS: We identified a cohort of patients newly initiating statins and measured their previous adherence to other chronic preventive medications during a 365-day baseline period, using metrics such as proportion of days covered (PDC), lack of second fills, and number of dispensations. We measured adherence to statins during the year after initiation, defining high adherence as PDC ≥ 80%. We built logistic regression models from different combinations of baseline variables and previous adherence measures to predict high adherence in a random 50% sample and tested their discrimination using concordance statistics (c-statistics) in the other 50%. We also assessed the association between previous adherence and subsequent statin high adherence by fitting a modified Poisson model from all relevant covariates plus previous mean PDC categorized as < 25%, 25%-79%, and ≥ 80%. RESULTS: Among 89,490 statin initiators identified, a prediction model including only demographic variables had a c-statistic of 0.578 (95% CI = 0.573-0.584). A model combining information on patient comorbidities, health care services utilization, and medication use resulted in a c-statistic of 0.665 (95% CI = 0.659-0.670). Models with each of the previous medication adherence measures as the only explanatory variable yielded c-statistics ranging between 0.533 (95% CI = 0.529-0.537) for lack of second fill and 0.666 (95% CI = 0.661-0.671) for maximum PDC. Adding mean PDC to the combined model yielded a c-statistic of 0.695 (95% CI = 0.690-0.700). Given a sensitivity of 75%, the predictor improved the specificity from 47.7% to 53.6%. Patients with previous mean PDC < 25% were half as likely to show high adherence to statins compared with those with previous mean PDC ≥ 80% (risk ratio = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.46-0.50). CONCLUSIONS: Including measures of previous medication adherence yields better prediction of future statin adherence than usual baseline clinical measures that are typically used in claims-based studies.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2a9d21d2f46a5436b41981b9d059ca5dcceba599

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Iron Deficiency Anemia

Turkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology

5c8b2a5e-e54f-48ec-ac96-6b39a439e15e

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Iron Deficiency Anemia The case described by Dr. Sarper and her colleagues in their letter to the editor, entitled “Severe iron defi ciency anemia due to late presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a toddler”, was not a late but rather a delayed diagnosis case since iron defi ciency anemia was diagnosed in this patient at least a year earlier with intermittent vomiting . The diagnosis of a diaphragmatic hernia might be delayed up to at least 5 years of age as reported by us. This entity should not be extremely rare, since at least 9 patients in an 8-year period were seen by us . We suggest that it should be looked for especially in very severe cases of iron defi ciency anemia with frequent vomiting. Although restricted transfusion (<7 g/dL) was recommended in adult patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding , as in the authors’ patients very severe anemia (<4 g/dL) was detected in 7 of our 9 patients.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e02188c977a26a2d351f03f32f7a2a5a25a87643

A Prospective Trial of an In-house Overnight Fellow Rotation in the Intensive Care Unit

ATS Scholar

e74e865c-7ca0-4185-9a47-77128ac0caea

A Prospective Trial of an In-house Overnight Fellow Rotation in the Intensive Care Unit Background Although previous studies in academic intensive care units (ICUs) have found no improvement in patient care outcomes with in-house overnight attending physician coverage compared with home call coverage, the effect of in-house supervision on trainee education and well-being is less clear. In addition, no studies have examined the effect of in-house coverage by fellow physicians overnight. Objective What is the impact of an in-house overnight critical care fellow on resident, fellow, and attending perception of patient safety, house staff education, and house staff well-being? Methods A prospective trial alternating 2-week periods of in-house overnight critical care fellow coverage with 2-week periods of home call coverage was performed in our tertiary medical ICU. Residents, fellows, and attendings were surveyed to evaluate perceptions of the night fellows’ impact on patient care, communication, supervision, educational experience, autonomy, well-being, and job satisfaction. Results Over the 6-month study period, surveys were sent to 83 residents, 22 fellows, and 23 attendings, with completion by 56 (67%), 22 (100%), and 16 (70%), respectively. Overall, 89% of residents, 68% of fellows, and 81% of attendings reported perceived improvements in patient care with an in-house fellow. The in-house fellow was also associated with improved well-being in 79% of residents and 73% of fellows, and 82% of residents felt that it positively impacted education. Conclusion As compared with the traditional home call system, an in-house night critical care fellow can improve the perception of patient care, trainee well-being, and education in a tertiary ICU at an academic hospital.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/942190b7bf3edc5682bd29380428041356b7ffa4

Factors determining altered perfusion after acute pulmonary embolism assessed by quantified single-photon emission computed tomography-perfusion scan

Annals of Thoracic Medicine

c10c0a5b-34b4-453d-bb79-5d79a27cbf5e

Factors determining altered perfusion after acute pulmonary embolism assessed by quantified single-photon emission computed tomography-perfusion scan AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to analyze the evolution of perfusion (Q)-defects in patients treated for acute pulmonary embolism (PE), correlation with baseline parameters and evaluation of recurrence risk. METHODS: This is a single-center prospective observational cohort study in symptomatic normotensive PE. Comparison of the ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (V/Q-SPECT) acquired at baseline with a quantified SPECT (Q-SPECT) repeated at 1 week and 6 months. The Q-defect extent (percentage of total lung volume affected) was measured semiquantitatively. Data collected at baseline were age, gender, body mass index (BMI), history of previous venous thromboembolism (HVTE), Charlson′s Comorbidity Score (CcS), plasma troponin-T and D-dimer levels, PE Severity Index, and tricuspid regurgitation jet (TRJ) velocity. RESULTS: Forty-six patients (22 men/24 women, mean age 61.7 years (± standard deviation 16.3)) completed the study. At 1 week, 13/46 (28.3 %) and at 6 months 22/46 (47.8%) patients had completely normalized Q-SPECT. Persistence of Q-defects was more frequent in female patients in univariate and multivariate analysis. We found no correlation between the persistence of Q-defects on Q-SPECT and HVTE, BMI, plasma troponin-T, and CcS. However, lower TRJ and younger age were statistically significantly linked to normalization of Q-scans after 6 months of treatment only in univariate analysis. There is no difference in the frequency of recurrent PE in relation to the persistence of Q-defects. CONCLUSION: Acute PE patients of female, older age, and higher TRJ in univariate analysis and patients of female in multivariate analysis seem to have a higher risk of persistent Q-defects after 6 months treatment. The presence of residual Q-abnormalities at 6 months was not associated with an increased risk for recurrent PE.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a2c61db161413baf078bcf0f2245158c6efb84b1

MHEALTH PROTOTYPE AND PILOT PROTOCOL TO ENHANCE SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA

Innovation in aging

6d6a372b-cc95-4ba3-85d8-165d6d96da48

MHEALTH PROTOTYPE AND PILOT PROTOCOL TO ENHANCE SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA Abstract An emerging component of mHealth is the use of tailored mobile applications (app) to facilitate self-management of chronic illnesses, including the mapping of social networks to assist adults living with chronic illnesses to help them be able to identify sources of social support. The purpose of this study is to describe a prototype app to support persons living with dementia (PLWD) in the community and their informal caregivers to map social networks and identify sources of emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal of social support. Adapting the Network Canvas open-source software and drawing upon a previously-developed mobile application for adults to self-manage chronic illnesses, we share the key specifications, including health care provider output, preliminary end user feedback, and the pilot protocol designed to test the feasibility. Findings illustrate the importance of leveraging social network data in novel ways to enhance self-management and well-being among PLWD and their caregivers

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/edf7cbc098a611c4d8ba97d4ac0e73f5c3fda98d

Antimicrobial activity of Marcetia DC species (Melastomataceae) and analysis of its flavonoids by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography coupled-diode array detector

Pharmacognosy Magazine

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Antimicrobial activity of Marcetia DC species (Melastomataceae) and analysis of its flavonoids by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography coupled-diode array detector Background: Marcetia genera currently comprises 29 species, with approximately 90% inhabiting Bahia (Brazil), and most are endemic to the highlands of the Chapada Diamantina (Bahia). Among the species, only M. taxifolia (A.St.-Hil.) DC. populates Brazil (state of Roraima to Paraná) and also Venezuela, Colombia, and Guyana. Objective: This work evaluated the antimicrobial activity of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of three species of Marcetia (Marcetia canescens Naud., M. macrophylla Wurdack, and M. taxifolia A.StHil) against several microorganism. In addition, the flavonoids were analyzed in extracts by HPLC-DAD. Materials and methods: The tests were made using Gram-positive (three strains of Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (two strains of Escherichia coli, a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and another of Salmonella choleraesius) bacteria resistant and nonresistant to antibiotics and yeasts (two strains of Candida albicans and one of C. parapsilosis) by the disk diffusion method. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was performed on the above extracts to isolate flavonoids, which were subsequently analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Results: Results showed that extracts inhibited the Gram-positive bacteria and yeast. The hexane extracts possessed the lowest activity, while the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts were more active. Conclusion: Marcetia taxifolia was more effective (active against 10 microorganisms studied), and only its methanol extract inhibited Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and S. choleraesius). SPE and HPLC-DAD analysis showed that M. canescens and M. macrophylla contain glycosylated flavonoids, while the majority of extracts from M. taxifolia were aglycone flavonoids.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/67e2ab01eb8fb4462bd098b5e0656a9ae576f9d7

Cutis Marmorata Telangiectatica Congenita

Journal of Clinical Neonatology

88305993-f8c3-4862-ad79-b88db29b8292

Cutis Marmorata Telangiectatica Congenita Cutis Marmarata Telangiectatica is a benign vascular anomaly that manifests as dilatation of superficial capilllaries and veins usually present at birth.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/204775da21b61d0bcd724370d2110ecf865df3fe

N4-Substituted Piperazinyl Norfloxacin Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Multiple Mechanisms on Gyrase, Topoisomerase IV, and Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis

ACS Bio & Med Chem Au

1f9fc27a-5e91-4345-a867-ab73f4f4e924

N4-Substituted Piperazinyl Norfloxacin Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Multiple Mechanisms on Gyrase, Topoisomerase IV, and Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antitubercular activity. Here, we describe the design and synthesis of a series of 38 N4-substituted piperazinyl norfloxacin derivatives. Their activity and mechanism of action were characterized using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. Several compounds displayed interesting activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and few displayed antimycobacterial activity, whereby some were as potent as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Molecular docking experiments suggested that the new derivatives inhibit both DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV in a similar manner as norfloxacin. Selecting the most promising candidates for experimental mode of action analysis, we confirmed DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV as targets of all tested compounds using enzymatic in vitro assays. Phenotypic analysis of both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis confirmed a typical gyrase inhibition phenotype for all of the tested compounds. Assessment of possible additional targets revealed three compounds with unique effects on the B. subtilis cell wall synthesis machinery, suggesting that they may have an additional target in this pathway. Comparison with known cell wall synthesis inhibitors showed that the new compounds elicit a distinct and, so far, unique phenotype, suggesting that they act differently from known cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Interestingly, our phenotypic analysis revealed that both norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin displayed additional cellular effects as well, which may be indicative of the so far unknown additional mechanisms of fluoroquinolones.

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/673d72d6b0d48ddd4ff6ce52320bb0cce0aac061

Combining Behavioral Economics–Based Incentives With the Anchoring Strategy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

JMIR Research Protocols

278131df-030d-4e6c-b083-d57f3b740dc4

Combining Behavioral Economics–Based Incentives With the Anchoring Strategy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Background Chronic (ie, long-term) elevated stress is associated with a number of mental and physical health conditions. Mindfulness meditation mobile apps are a promising tool for stress self-management that can overcome several barriers associated with in-person interventions; however, to date, poor app-based intervention adherence has limited the efficacy of these mobile health tools. Anchoring, or pairing, a new behavior with an existing routine has been shown to effectively establish habits that are maintained over time, but this strategy typically only works for those with high initial motivation and has yet to be tested for maintaining meditation with a mobile app. Objective This study will test novel combinations of behavioral economics–based incentives with the anchoring strategy for establishing and maintaining adherence to an effective dose of meditation with a mobile app. Methods This 16-week study will use a 5-arm, parallel, partially blinded (participants only), randomized controlled design. We will implement a fractional factorial study design that varies the use of self-monitoring messages and financial incentives to support participants’ use of their personalized anchoring strategy for maintaining adherence to a ≥10 minute-per-day meditation prescription during an 8-week intervention period, followed by an 8-week postintervention observation period. Specifically, we will vary the use of self-monitoring messages of either the target behavior (ie, meditation tracking) or the outcome associated with the target behavior (ie, mood symptom tracking). We will also vary the use of financial incentives conditional on either meditation at any time of day or meditation performed at approximately the same time of day as participants’ personalized anchors. Results Continuous meditation app use data will be used to measure weekly meditation adherence over the 16-week study period as a binary variable equal to 1 if participants complete ≥10 minutes of meditation for ≥4 days per week and 0 otherwise. We will measure weekly anchoring plan adherence as a binary variable equal to 1 if participants complete ≥10 minutes of meditation within +1 or −1 hour of the timing of their chosen anchor on ≥4 days per week and 0 otherwise. In addition to these primary measures of meditation and anchoring plan adherence, we will also assess the secondary measures of stress, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, sleep disturbance, and meditation app habit strength at baseline, week 8, and week 16. Conclusions This study will fill an important gap in the mobile health literature by testing novel intervention approaches for establishing and maintaining adherence to app-based mindfulness meditation. If successful, this study will identify an accessible and scalable stress self-management intervention that can help combat stress in the United States. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05217602; International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/39930