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1 |
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00:00:05,250 --> 00:00:07,930 |
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ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ุงูุณูุงู
ุนูููู
ูุฑุญู
ุฉ ุงููู |
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2 |
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00:00:07,930 --> 00:00:13,090 |
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ูุจุฑูุงุชู ุงูููู
ููุชูู
ู ูู ู
ุงุฏุฉ ููุฏุณุฉ ุงูู
ูุงุฏ |
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3 |
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00:00:13,090 --> 00:00:17,850 |
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ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ุงูุณุงุจูุฉ ุฑุงุฌุนูุง ุดุจุชุฑ ูุงุญุฏ ูุดุจุชุฑ ุงุซููู |
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4 |
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00:00:17,850 --> 00:00:22,240 |
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ุดุจุชุฑ ูุงุญุฏ ูุงู ูุนูู ุฅุญูุง ููู
ูุง ุนุงู
ุฉ ุฃููุงุน ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุญูููุง |
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5 |
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00:00:22,240 --> 00:00:25,720 |
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ุนู ุฌู
ูุน ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉุ ุงูุฎุตุงุฆุต ุณุงุนุชูุง ู
ููุงููููุฉุ |
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6 |
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00:00:25,720 --> 00:00:29,940 |
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ููู
ูุงุฆูุฉุ ููุฒูุงุฆูุฉุ ุญุฑุงุฑูุฉุ ููุฑุจุงุฆูุฉุ ู
ุบูุงุทูุณูุฉุ |
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7 |
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00:00:29,940 --> 00:00:33,420 |
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ุญูููุง ุนู ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงููู .. ุงููู .. ุงููู .. ุงููู ูู ุงูู
ูุงุฏุ |
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8 |
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00:00:33,420 --> 00:00:36,100 |
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ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูู
ุณุชูุจูุ ุงู smart materialsุ ุงู nano |
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9 |
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00:00:36,100 --> 00:00:40,260 |
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materialsุ ุงู piece of ceramic materialsุ chapter |
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10 |
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00:00:40,260 --> 00:00:45,080 |
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ุงุซููู ูุงู ู
ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุนูู ุงูููู
ูุงุก ุญูููุง ุนู ุงู ..ุงููู ูู |
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11 |
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00:00:45,080 --> 00:00:49,820 |
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ุงู Bohr model ููุฐุฑุฉ ุญูููุง ุนู ุงู quantum mechanics |
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12 |
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00:00:49,820 --> 00:00:55,200 |
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ู ุงู wave ู ุงู wave mechanics model ุญูููุง ุนู ุงู .. |
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13 |
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00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:57,900 |
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ุฃูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง four quantum numbers ุงู principle quantum |
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14 |
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00:00:57,900 --> 00:01:02,960 |
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number ู ุงู ..ู ุงู angular momentum quantum |
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15 |
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00:01:02,960 --> 00:01:05,780 |
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number ู ุงู magnetic quantum number ู ุงู spin quantum |
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16 |
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00:01:05,780 --> 00:01:10,620 |
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number ูู ุนูุฏูุง shells ู sub shells ุญูููุง |
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17 |
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00:01:10,620 --> 00:01:14,600 |
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ุงููู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู .. ุงู .. ุงู S ู ุงู P ู ุงู D ู ุงู |
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18 |
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00:01:14,600 --> 00:01:19,560 |
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F ู ุฅูู ุขุฎุฑู ุจุนุฏูู ุญูููุง ุนู ุงูุฌุฏูู ุงูุฏูุฑู ุญูููุง ูู |
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19 |
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00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:23,700 |
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ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุงูุตูุฑูุฉ ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุงูุบุงุฒุงุช ุงูุฎุงู
ูุฉ ุจุนุฏูู |
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20 |
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00:01:23,700 --> 00:01:31,330 |
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ุญูููุง ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ 1A ุฅูู 7A ู 1B ุฅูู 7B ูุดูููุง ููู |
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21 |
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00:01:31,330 --> 00:01:35,930 |
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ุงูุฎุตุงุฆุต ุฃู ุงู trend ุงูุชูุฌู ุงูุนุงู
ูุจุนุถ ุงูุฎุตุงุฆุต |
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22 |
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00:01:35,930 --> 00:01:42,250 |
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ู
ู
ูู ูุนุฑูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูุฌุฏูู ุงูุฏูุฑู ุจุนุฏูู ุญูููุง ุนูู |
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23 |
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00:01:42,250 --> 00:01:46,710 |
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ุฃููุงุน ุงูุฑูุงุจุท ุงูุฃุณุงุณูุฉ ุฃู ุงู .. ุงู .. ุงููู ูู |
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24 |
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00:01:46,710 --> 00:01:50,910 |
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ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงูุฃููููุฉ ุงูุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงูุชุณุงูู
ูุฉ ู ุงูุฑุงุจุทุฉ |
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25 |
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00:01:50,910 --> 00:01:52,870 |
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ุงูู
ุนุฏููุฉ |
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26 |
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00:01:54,210 --> 00:01:59,630 |
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ุงูููู
ููุญูู ุนู ุงูุชุฑููุจ ููู
ูุงุฏ ุงูุจููุฑูุฉ ุงูุตูุจุฉ |
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27 |
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00:01:59,630 --> 00:02:05,890 |
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ุงูุณุคุงู |
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28 |
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00:02:05,890 --> 00:02:09,450 |
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ููุด |
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29 |
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00:02:09,450 --> 00:02:14,090 |
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ุฅุญูุง ุจูุฏุฑุณ ุชุฑููุจ ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูุจููุฑูุฉ ุงูุตูุจุฉุ ููุด ูุฏุฑุณ |
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30 |
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00:02:14,090 --> 00:02:20,090 |
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ุชุฑููุจ ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูุจููุฑูุฉ ุงูุตูุจุฉุ ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ ูู ุงุฎุชูุงู |
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31 |
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00:02:20,090 --> 00:02:25,530 |
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ู
ูุญูุธ ูู ุงูุฎูุงุต ุจูู ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูุจููุฑูุฉ ูุงูุบูุฑ ุจููุฑูุฉ |
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32 |
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00:02:25,530 --> 00:02:29,670 |
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ูููุณ ุงูู
ุงุฏุฉ ุฃู ููุณ ุงูุชุฑููุจ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆู ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง |
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33 |
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00:02:29,670 --> 00:02:35,130 |
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ุญูููุง ุงููุฑุจูู ุจูุฌู ูู ุชุฑููุจ ุจููุฑู ุงููู ูู ุงู |
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34 |
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00:02:35,130 --> 00:02:39,950 |
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diamond ุจููุฑุฉุ ุงูุฌุฑุงููุช ู
ุด crystal ูุนูู ููุณ |
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35 |
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00:02:39,950 --> 00:02:42,990 |
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ุงููุฑุจูู ุจูููู ุนูู ุดูู crystal ู ุงูุฌุฑุงููุช ู
ุด ุนูู |
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36 |
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00:02:42,990 --> 00:02:43,650 |
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ุดูู crystal |
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37 |
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00:02:47,470 --> 00:02:50,690 |
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ุงูู Crystalline Materials ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูุจููุฑูุฉ ุงูุฐุฑุงุช |
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38 |
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00:02:50,690 --> 00:02:58,410 |
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ุฃู ุงูุฃูููุงุช ุจุชุดูู ุจุชููู ูุนูู ุดูู ู
ูุชุธู
ู
ุชูุฑุฑ ูู 3D |
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39 |
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00:02:58,410 --> 00:03:01,390 |
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ูู ูู ุงูุงุชุฌุงูุงุช ูุนูู ุจูููู ูููุง ุชูุฑุงุฑ ู
ูุชุธู
ูู ูู |
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40 |
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00:03:01,390 --> 00:03:08,550 |
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ุงูุงุชุฌุงูุงุช ูู ุงูุฃุจุนุงุฏ ุงูุซูุงุซุฉ X Y Z ุงู |
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41 |
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00:03:08,550 --> 00:03:13,830 |
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lattice ูู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูููุงุท ุจูุณู
ููุง lattice points |
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42 |
|
00:03:13,830 --> 00:03:22,130 |
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ู
ุฑุชุจุฉ ุจุชุฑุชูุจ ู
ูุชุธู
periodic ูุนูู ุจูุจูู ูุชูุฑุฑ ู
ุญูุท |
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43 |
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00:03:22,130 --> 00:03:26,930 |
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ูู ููุทุฉ ูุนูู ูู ููุทุฉ ู
ุญุงุทุฉ ุจููุณ ุงูุดูู ู ููุณ ุนุฏุฏ |
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44 |
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00:03:26,930 --> 00:03:29,510 |
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ุงูููุงุท ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ุงูููุทุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุตุจุญ ู
ุญุงุทุฉ ุจู 6 ููุงุท |
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45 |
|
00:03:29,510 --> 00:03:36,630 |
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ุฃู ู
ุญุงุทุฉ ุจู 12 ููุทุฉ ููุฐู ูู ุงู lattice ุฅุญูุง |
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46 |
|
00:03:36,630 --> 00:03:42,180 |
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ุญูููุง ุงูุฐุฑุงุช ุจุชุฑุชูุจ ูู ุชุฑุชูุจ ู
ูุชุธู
ุชุฑุชูุจ ุซูุงุซู |
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47 |
|
00:03:42,180 --> 00:03:48,580 |
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ุงูุฃุจุนุงุฏ ู
ูุชุธู
ู ู
ุชูุฑุฑ ุจูุณู
ูู ุฅูุด crystal ุจููุฑุฉ ูุฃู |
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48 |
|
00:03:48,580 --> 00:03:53,880 |
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ูู ู
ุงุฒุงู ู
ู
ุชุฏ ูู ุงู 3D ู ู
ุชูุฑุฑ ุฅูู ู
ุง ูุง ููุงูุฉ ู
ุนูุงุชู |
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49 |
|
00:03:53,880 --> 00:03:58,820 |
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ูู ุนูุฏู ุดูุก ุงููู ูู ุฃุตุบุฑ ุญุฌู
ู
ู
ูู ู
ู
ูู ูู
ุซู ุงู |
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50 |
|
00:03:58,820 --> 00:04:03,080 |
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crystal ููู ูุญุชูุธ ุจููุณ ุงูุฎูุงุต ุงูููุฏุณูุฉ ูู crystal |
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51 |
|
00:04:03,080 --> 00:04:07,400 |
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ูุฐุง ูู ุจูุณู
ูู ุงู unit cell ูู ุงู smallest repeating |
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52 |
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00:04:07,400 --> 00:04:12,800 |
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representative volume of a crystal ูุนูู ูู ุฃูู ุญุฌู
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53 |
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00:04:12,800 --> 00:04:18,180 |
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ู
ู
ุซู ููุจููุฑุฉ ุงูุญุฌู
ูุฐุง ุจูุถู ูุชูุฑุฑ ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุฃูุง |
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54 |
|
00:04:18,180 --> 00:04:23,780 |
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ุจุฏุฑุณ ุงู unit cell ูู
ู
ุซู ูู crystal |
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55 |
|
00:04:25,310 --> 00:04:30,070 |
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ุทุจุนูุง ูู unit cell ููุง ููุณ ุงูุฎูุงุต ุงูููุฏุณูุฉ |
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56 |
|
00:04:30,070 --> 00:04:37,250 |
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ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู crystal ุงููููุฉ ูู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู ุงู lattice |
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57 |
|
00:04:37,250 --> 00:04:39,090 |
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parameters ุงู lattice parameters ุฃูุง ุนูุฏู ููุง |
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58 |
|
00:04:39,090 --> 00:04:44,110 |
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ุงูู
ุญุงูุฑ ุงูุฅุญุฏุงุซูุงุช x y z ุทุจุนูุง ูุฐุง right hand |
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59 |
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00:04:44,110 --> 00:04:48,590 |
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coordinate system ูุนูู ูู ููุช ุงู x ุนูู ุงู y ุจูุฐุง |
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60 |
|
00:04:48,590 --> 00:04:54,360 |
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ุงูุงุชุฌุงู ุจุชุนุทููู ุฅูุด z ุงู lattice parameters ุจุชุนุทููู ุงู size |
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61 |
|
00:04:54,360 --> 00:04:58,980 |
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ูุงูุดูู ุงู unit cell ุฃูุง ุนูุฏู ููุง ุงู unit cell |
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62 |
|
00:04:58,980 --> 00:05:06,920 |
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ู
ูุดูุฑ ุซูุงุซู ุงูุฃุจุนุงุฏ ู
ุงุฆู ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃุจุนุงุฏ a ู b ู c |
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63 |
|
00:05:06,920 --> 00:05:13,700 |
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ูู ุซูุงุซ ุฒูุงูุง alpha ู beta ู gamma ุงููุณุจุฉ ุงู general |
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64 |
|
00:05:13,700 --> 00:05:21,160 |
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ุงู a ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูู B ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูู C ู ุงู Alpha ู ุงู Beta ู |
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65 |
|
00:05:21,160 --> 00:05:27,520 |
|
ุงู gamma ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูู 90 ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ูุฐุง ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ููุดูู |
|
|
|
66 |
|
00:05:27,520 --> 00:05:32,460 |
|
ุฃูู ููุน ู
ู ุงู crystals ููู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู ุงู face |
|
|
|
67 |
|
00:05:32,460 --> 00:05:38,620 |
|
centered cubic face centered cubic ุจุชููู ุงูุฐุฑุงุช |
|
|
|
68 |
|
00:05:38,620 --> 00:05:41,860 |
|
ู
ุฑุชุจุฉ ุนูุฏู ูู ู
ูุนุจ |
|
|
|
69 |
|
00:05:44,740 --> 00:05:49,360 |
|
ุทูู ุงูุถูุน ุงููู ููุช ูู ุชุณุงูุฑูู ุชุฑุชุนูุง ุฅูุดุ ุงููุ ุนูู ูู |
|
|
|
70 |
|
00:05:49,360 --> 00:05:54,860 |
|
corner ููู ุฐุฑุฉ ูุนูู |
|
|
|
71 |
|
00:05:54,860 --> 00:06:03,080 |
|
ูู face ููู ุฐุฑุฉ ูุฃู ุงูู
ูุนุจ ูู
corner ุงููุ ู
ูุนุจ |
|
|
|
72 |
|
00:06:03,080 --> 00:06:08,560 |
|
ุซู
ุงููุฉ ูุนูู ูู ุนูุฏู ุนูู ุซู
ุงููุฉ corners ููู ุฐุฑุงุช ู |
|
|
|
73 |
|
00:06:08,560 --> 00:06:16,570 |
|
ูู
ูุฌูุ ุณุชุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุฃูุฌู ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู
ุฐุฑุฉ ุนูุฏู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู |
|
|
|
74 |
|
00:06:16,570 --> 00:06:22,870 |
|
ุงู unit cell ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ู |
|
|
|
75 |
|
00:06:22,870 --> 00:06:29,790 |
|
ุงููู ุจูุญูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ุซู
ุงููุฉ corners ุงู |
|
|
|
76 |
|
00:06:29,790 --> 00:06:34,370 |
|
corner ู
ุดุชุฑูุฉ ุจูู ุซู
ุงู unit cells ู
ุชุฌุงูุฑุฉ ูุนูู |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:34,370 --> 00:06:39,030 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุซู
ุงููุฉ corners ูู |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:39,030 --> 00:06:50,090 |
|
ุซู
ุงููุฉ unit cells ุนูุฏู ุณุช ุฃุณุทุญ ูู ูุต ูุนูู ูุงุถุญ ุฅูู ูุตูู |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:50,090 --> 00:06:57,710 |
|
ูุนูู ููููู ูุงุญุฏ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู
ุนูุงู ุฅู ูู unit |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:57,710 --> 00:07:03,850 |
|
cell ุจุชุณุชุญูุฐ ุนูู ุฃุฑุจุน ุฐุฑุงุช ูุญุงููุง |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:07:07,730 --> 00:07:13,030 |
|
ุงู FCC crystal structure ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ู
ุนุงุฏู ุฒู |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:07:13,030 --> 00:07:20,050 |
|
ุงูุฃูู
ูููู
ุฒู ุงููุญุงุณ ุฒู ุงูุฑุตุงุต ุฒู ุงููุถุฉ ู ุฒู |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:07:20,050 --> 00:07:25,970 |
|
ุงููููู ูุฐุง ุจุชููู ุงูุชุฑููุจ ุจุชุงุนูุง FCC ุงู |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:07:25,970 --> 00:07:30,330 |
|
coordination number ูู ุนุฏุฏ ุงูุฐุฑุงุช ุงูู
ุญูุทุฉ ุฃู |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:07:30,330 --> 00:07:34,070 |
|
ุงูู
ูุงู
ุณุฉ ูุฐุฑุฉ ู
ุนููุฉ ู
ู ูู ุงูุฌูุงุช ูุนูู ุฃูุจุฑ ุนุฏุฏ ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:07:34,070 --> 00:07:36,990 |
|
ู
ุญูุท ูุฐุฑุฉ ู
ู ูู ุงูุฌูุงุช ูุฐุง ูู ุงู coordination |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:07:36,990 --> 00:07:42,010 |
|
number ูู |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:07:42,010 --> 00:07:45,830 |
|
ุญุงูุฉ ุงู FCC ูู ุฃุฎุฏุช ูู ุฐุฑุฉ ู ุฑุณู
ุชูุง ุนูู solidwork |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:07:45,830 --> 00:07:50,890 |
|
ู ุฑุณู
ุชูุง ุจู 3D ูุชูุชุดู ูู ุฐุฑุฉ ู
ุญุงุทุฉ ู
ู ูู ุงูุฌูุงุช ู
ุญูุทุฉ ุจู |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:07:50,890 --> 00:07:56,210 |
|
12 ุฐุฑุฉ ู
ุนูุงุชู ุงู coordination number ูู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ูุฐู |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:56,210 --> 00:08:01,770 |
|
ูููู ุฅูุด 12 ูุนูู ู
ู
ูู ุชุฃุฎุฐูุง ูุฐุง unit cell ู |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:08:01,770 --> 00:08:05,330 |
|
ุชูุฑุฑูููู
ุนูู solid work ู ุชููู ู ุชุฏูุฑ ู ุชุดูู ูู
|
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:08:05,330 --> 00:08:09,850 |
|
ุฐุฑุฉ ู
ุญุงุทุฉ ูููุง ู
ู ูู ุงูุฌูุงุช ูุชูุชุดููุง ุฅููู
ุงุซูุง ุนุดุฑ ุฐุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:08:09,850 --> 00:08:14,970 |
|
ุฎุงูุฉ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู ุงู atomic packing factor ุจูุญูู |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:08:14,970 --> 00:08:22,430 |
|
ุนูู ูุณุจุฉ ุฅุดุบุงู ุญุฌู
ุงู unit cell ูุฃู ุงูุฐุฑุงุช ุฅุญูุง |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:08:22,430 --> 00:08:26,550 |
|
ุงู model ูุฑุถูุง ุงูุฐุฑุงุช ุนูู ุดูู ุฅูุด ูุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:08:28,530 --> 00:08:32,710 |
|
ูุฃู ุงููุฑุฉ ูู ู
ุฌุงู ุชุนุจุฆุฉ unit cell ู
ูุฉ ูู ุงูู
ูุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:08:32,710 --> 00:08:35,330 |
|
ุญุงู ูุงุญุฏ ุฅุฐุง ูุงูุช ู
ูุนุจ ู
ูุนุจุงุช ุจูุนุจููุง ู
ูุฉ ูู ุงูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:08:35,330 --> 00:08:40,790 |
|
ููู ูู ุฅูููุง ูุฑููุฉ ููููู ุงู unit cell ูููุง ุฅูุด ูุฑุงุบุงุช |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:08:40,790 --> 00:08:44,650 |
|
ู
ุนูุงู ุฅู ุงู unit cell ู
ุด ู
ุดุบููุฉ ุจุดูู ูุงู
ู ุงู atomic |
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:08:44,650 --> 00:08:49,130 |
|
packing factor ุจู
ุซู ูู ุงู volume of atoms ูู one |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:08:49,130 --> 00:08:53,930 |
|
unit cell ุนูู total unit cell volume |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:08:59,530 --> 00:09:04,390 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุฌุฏูู 3-1 ู
ุนุทูู |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:09:04,390 --> 00:09:07,390 |
|
ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุฎูููู ุฃุฑูุฒ ุนูู ุงู FCC Aluminium |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:09:07,390 --> 00:09:15,450 |
|
FCC ู
ุนุทูู ุงู atomic radius ู
ุซููุง ุนูุฏู ุงู nickel FCC |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:09:15,450 --> 00:09:21,110 |
|
ู
ุนุทูู ุงู atomic radius ุทุจุนูุง ูู ุฃููุงุน ุฃุฎุฑู ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:09:21,110 --> 00:09:28,420 |
|
crystal structures ุฒู ุงู HCP ุฒู ุงู BCC ูุฅุญูุง ุญุงูููุง |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:09:28,420 --> 00:09:32,840 |
|
ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงู FCC ุงู FCC ุนูุฏ ุงู aluminium ุนูุฏ ุงู |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:09:32,840 --> 00:09:39,640 |
|
ูุญุงุณ ุนูุฏ ุงูุฐูุจ ุนูุฏ ุงูุฑุตุงุต ุนูุฏ ุงู nickel ุนูุฏ ุงู |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:09:39,640 --> 00:09:50,080 |
|
plutonium ุนูุฏ ุงููุถุฉ ุงู silver ู ุจุณ ุทูุจ ูุงุฎุฐ ู
ุซุงู |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:09:50,080 --> 00:09:52,980 |
|
ุจูููู ูููููููุช |
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:09:55,750 --> 00:10:00,450 |
|
ุงูู lattice parameter ุจุฏูุงูุฉ ุงูู atomic radius R ูู |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:10:00,450 --> 00:10:04,990 |
|
FCC unit cell ุฃูุง |
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:10:04,990 --> 00:10:10,370 |
|
ุจุงูู ุนูุฏู ูู ุงูุฑุณู
ูู ุงู unit cell ุฏู |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:10:10,370 --> 00:10:11,850 |
|
ุจุชุทูุน ุนูู ุณุทุญ ู
ุนูู |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:10:46,240 --> 00:10:53,260 |
|
ูุฐุง ุงู lattice parameter A ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:10:53,260 --> 00:11:00,760 |
|
A ุงูุฐุฑุงุช |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:11:00,760 --> 00:11:12,910 |
|
ุชุชุดูุฌ ุนูู ุงููุทุฑ ูุฐุง ูู R ู R 2 ู R 3 ู R 4 ูุงููุทุฑ |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:11:12,910 --> 00:11:17,670 |
|
ู
ุซูุซ ูุงุฆู
ุงูุฒุงููุฉ ุงููุทุฑ = 4 R ุฅุฐุง ุจุฃุณุชุฎุฏู
|
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:11:17,670 --> 00:11:23,870 |
|
ููุซุงุบูุฑุซ ุญูููู ุนูุฏู 4 R ุชุฑุจูุน |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:11:23,870 --> 00:11:33,150 |
|
ุจุงูุชุณุงูู 2 A ุชุฑุจูุน ุตุญุ A ุชุฑุจูุน ุฒู A ุชุฑุจูุน ูุนูู |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:11:33,150 --> 00:11:39,910 |
|
A ููููู ุจุงูุชุณุงูู 4 R ุนูู ุฌุฐุฑ 2 ุตุญุ |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:11:43,160 --> 00:11:48,800 |
|
ูู ุถุฑุจุช ุงูุจุณุท ูู ุฌุฐุฑ 2 ู ุงูู
ูุงู
ูู ุฌุฐุฑ 2 |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:11:48,800 --> 00:11:52,420 |
|
ููููู |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:11:52,420 --> 00:12:00,540 |
|
ุงู a ุจูุณุงูู 2 ุฌุฐุฑ 2 ุงู R ุฃูุง ุฌุงูุจ 2 |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:12:00,540 --> 00:12:03,080 |
|
ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ุงูุด ูุณุงููุ ุงุชููู ู
ุน ุงูุฃุฑุจุน ุจูุจูู ุงุชููู |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:12:03,080 --> 00:12:09,160 |
|
ููู ุตูุฑ ุงุชููู ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ุงูู R ู
ุนูุงุชู ุฃูุง ุญุณุจุช ุงูู |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:12:09,160 --> 00:12:12,660 |
|
lattice parameter ุจุฌูุงูุฉ ูุตู ูุทุฑ ุงูุฐุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:12:16,410 --> 00:12:21,010 |
|
ุทุจ ุงูุด ุงูู volume ููู unit cellุ |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:12:21,010 --> 00:12:27,770 |
|
ุงูู volume ููู unit cell ุงูุด ูุณุงููุ |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:12:27,770 --> 00:12:38,950 |
|
ู
ูุนุจุ ุงูุด ุญุงุฌุฉ ู
ูุนุจุ ุฃู ุชูุนูุจุ ุญุงุฌุฉ ูุณุงููุ ุงุชููู |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:12:38,950 --> 00:12:50,850 |
|
ุฌุฐุฑ ุงูุงุชููู are ูู ุชูุนูุจ ูุนูู ูุชููู ุนูุฏู ููู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:12:50,850 --> 00:13:02,970 |
|
ูุงุฏ ุงุชููู ููุตู ุชูุงุชุฉ ุนูู ุงุชููู ู
ุธุจูุทุ ูุนูู ูุชุตูุฑ ุชูุนูุจ |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:13:02,970 --> 00:13:12,230 |
|
ููุตู ุชุณุนุฉ ุนูู ุงุชููู ูุชุตูุฑ ูู
ุง ุชูุนุจูุง ูุชุตูุฑ ุงุชููู |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:13:14,860 --> 00:13:25,640 |
|
ููุตู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู ูุต ุตุญุ ุญุธูุธุ ูุนูู ูุชููู ุงุชููู ููุตู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:13:25,640 --> 00:13:32,620 |
|
ูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ูุนูู ูุชููู ุณุชุงุดุฑ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ูุนูู ูุชููู |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:13:32,620 --> 00:13:40,940 |
|
ุณุชุงุดุฑ ุชูุนูุจ ูุฐุง ุทุจุนูุง ุณุชุงุดุฑ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ุงุฑ ุชูุนูุจ |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:13:45,980 --> 00:13:52,420 |
|
ุทูุจ ุจุฏู ุงูู atomic packing factor ุงูู atomic |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:13:52,420 --> 00:14:00,300 |
|
factor ุจูุณุชูู ุงูู volume of atoms ุฌูู ุงูู unit cell |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:14:00,300 --> 00:14:08,780 |
|
ุนูู ุงูู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงูู unit cell ุงููู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:14:08,780 --> 00:14:16,150 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุฃูุง ูู ุงูู FCC ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฐุฑุงุช ุญุฌู
ุงูุฐุฑุฉ ุงููุงุญุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:14:16,150 --> 00:14:25,630 |
|
ุดู ูุณุงููุ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุนูู ุชูุงุชุฉ ุจุงู ุงุฑ ุชูุนูุจ ุนูู ุญุฌู
ุงูู unit |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:14:25,630 --> 00:14:36,430 |
|
cell ุงููู ูู ุณุชุงุดุฑ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ุงุฑ ุชูุนูุจ ุณูุจููุง ุชุทูุน |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:14:36,430 --> 00:14:39,790 |
|
ุชุทูุน 0.74 |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:14:43,660 --> 00:14:47,820 |
|
ู
ุนูุงุชู ุฃูุง ู
ุดุบู ุงูุฐุฑุงุช ู
ุงุฎุฏุฉ 74% ูู |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:14:47,820 --> 00:14:52,380 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฉ ู
ู ุญุฌู
ุงูู unit cell 74% ุงููู |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:14:52,380 --> 00:14:56,980 |
|
ูู ุงูุญุฌู
ุงูู
ุดุบูู ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู ูุฑุงุบุงุช ุงูู volume ุจุชุงุนูุง |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:14:56,980 --> 00:15:10,560 |
|
ู
ุซู 26% ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:15:10,560 --> 00:15:19,330 |
|
ุงูููุน ุงูุฃูู ุงูููุน ุงูุซุงูู ุงููู ูู ุงูู BCC BCC unit |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:15:19,330 --> 00:15:24,830 |
|
cell |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:15:24,830 --> 00:15:37,610 |
|
ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:15:37,610 --> 00:15:41,170 |
|
ุชูุฒูุน ุจููุฑูุฉ ุชุงููุฉ ุจููุฑุฉ ุชุงููุฉ ุงููู ูู body |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:15:41,170 --> 00:15:47,380 |
|
centered cubic ุงูู body centered cubic ุนูุฏ ู
ูุนุจ ุนูู ูู |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:15:47,380 --> 00:15:52,940 |
|
corner ู
ู ุงูู
ูุนุจ ููู ุฐุฑุฉ ููู ููุจ ุงูู
ูุนุจ ุนูู ุงููุชุฑ |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:15:52,940 --> 00:15:59,840 |
|
ุงููุจูุฑ ููู ุฐุฑุฉ ุงูุฐุฑุฉ ูุฐู ู ูุฐู ู ูุฐู touching ุฃู |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:15:59,840 --> 00:16:04,120 |
|
ูุฐู ู ูุฐู ู ูุฐู touching ุงูู
ุนููุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุฐุฑุฉ ุนูุฏู |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:16:04,120 --> 00:16:11,560 |
|
ููููู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ููู ุฃุฌุณุฑ ุงูุชูุชููุ ุชููู
ูู ุชู
ุงููุฉ ูุงุญุฏ |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:16:11,560 --> 00:16:15,960 |
|
ููู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุฌูุง ูุงู
ู ู
ุนูุงุชู ุนุฏุฏ ุฐุฑุงุช ููู unit cell |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:16:15,960 --> 00:16:22,200 |
|
ุจูุณุงูู ุงุชููู ูู ุฐุฑุฉ ุทุงูุนุฉ ุงูุฐุฑุฉ ุงููู ูู ุงููุต |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:26,780 |
|
ุจูุญูุทูุง ุจุซู
ุงู ุฐุฑุงุช ู
ุนูุงุชู ุงูู coordination number |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:16:26,780 --> 00:16:36,900 |
|
ุซู
ุงููุฉ ุงูู atomic packing factor 68% ุฎูููุง ูุญุงูู |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:16:36,900 --> 00:16:39,380 |
|
ูุฌุฏ ุนูุงูุฉ ุจูู ุจูู |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:16:42,040 --> 00:16:46,600 |
|
ุงูู Lattice parameter A ู ูุตู ูุทุฑ ุฐุฑุฉ ู
ู
ูู ูุด ุฏู |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:16:46,600 --> 00:16:55,760 |
|
ุนูุงูุฉ ููุง ุด ู
ู
ูู ู
ู
ูู ูุนูู ูู ุฃุฎุฏุช ุงูู
ูุนุจ |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:17:26,840 --> 00:17:32,360 |
|
ูุฐุง ุงูุถูุน A |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:17:32,360 --> 00:17:45,160 |
|
ู ูุฐุง A ู ูุฐุง A ุตุญ |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:17:45,160 --> 00:17:54,060 |
|
ุงูุขู ูู ุนูุฏู ุฐุฑุฉ ูู ุงููุต ููุฏู |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:17:54,060 --> 00:18:02,530 |
|
ููุง ุฐุฑุฉ ูู ุฐุฑุชูู .. ูู ุฐุฑุชูู touching ุตุญุ ูู ุฃุฎุฏุช |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:18:02,530 --> 00:18:07,350 |
|
ุงูู
ุซูุซ ูุฐุง ูุงูุญูู |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:18:07,350 --> 00:18:17,490 |
|
A B C ุงูู
ุซูุซ |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:18:17,490 --> 00:18:18,030 |
|
A ุจ C |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:18:26,490 --> 00:18:33,050 |
|
ุทูู ุงูุถูุน A B ุฅูุด ูุณุงููุ ุงูุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู ุงููู ูู ุฌุงู |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:18:33,050 --> 00:18:36,070 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ุซูุซ ุงููุงุฆู
ุตุญุ ูุนูู ูุงู A ุชุฑุจูุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ A ุชุฑุจูุน |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:18:36,070 --> 00:18:46,790 |
|
ุชุญุช ุงูุฌุฐุฑ ูููููู ุฌุฐุฑ ุงุชููู A ูุงูุถูุน B C ุฅูุด ุทูููุ |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:18:46,790 --> 00:18:50,850 |
|
A ู
ุนูุงู ุฅุฐุง ุงูู
ุซูุซ A B C ูู ููุซุงุบูุฑุณ ููููู ุนูุฏู A C |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:18:50,850 --> 00:19:01,740 |
|
ุชุฑุจูุน ุจูุณุงูู A B ุชุฑุจูุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุจู ุณู ุชุฑุจูุน ูุนูู ููููู |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:19:01,740 --> 00:19:06,580 |
|
ุงูู A C ุชุฑุจูุน ูุญุธุฉ ุฃูุง ุนูุฏู ุฐุฑุฉ ูู ุงููุต ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:19:06,580 --> 00:19:11,980 |
|
ุงุชููู R ูุนูุฏู ููุง ุงูู R ูุนูุฏู R ูุนูู ุทูู ุงููุทุฑ |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:19:11,980 --> 00:19:17,940 |
|
ุงููุทุฑ ููููู 4 R ูุนูู ููููู ุนูุฏู 4 R ููู |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:19:17,940 --> 00:19:25,420 |
|
ุชุฑุจูุน ุจุชุณุงูู A B ุชุฑุจูุน ุงููู ูู 2 A ุชุฑุจูุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ B |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:19:25,420 --> 00:19:26,680 |
|
C ุชุฑุจูุน ุงููู ูู A ุชุฑุจูุน |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:19:29,530 --> 00:19:36,730 |
|
ูุนูู ุจูุณุงูู 3 A ุชุฑุจูุน ู
ุนูุงุชู A ูุชุณุงูู 4 R |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:19:36,730 --> 00:19:42,670 |
|
ุนูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:19:42,670 --> 00:19:47,870 |
|
ุทูุจ ูู ูุญุณุจ ุงูู volume ุชุนุงููู ุงูู cell volume ุชุนุงููู |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:19:47,870 --> 00:19:51,430 |
|
ุงูู cell ููููู |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:19:51,430 --> 00:19:54,850 |
|
ุณุงูู A ุชูุนูุจ ุตุญุ |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:19:57,990 --> 00:20:03,090 |
|
ูุนูู ุฃูุง ููููู 64 R |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:20:03,090 --> 00:20:08,930 |
|
ุชูุนูุจ ูุนูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ ูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ ูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:20:08,930 --> 00:20:14,850 |
|
ุชูุงุชุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:20:14,850 --> 00:20:18,650 |
|
ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:20:18,650 --> 00:20:21,130 |
|
ุงูู volume ููู atoms ูู ุงูู unit cell ุงูุด ูุณุงููุ ุงูู |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:20:21,130 --> 00:20:26,150 |
|
volume ููู atoms ุฌูู ุงูู unit cell ุฃูุซุฑ ุฐุฑุฉ ุนูุฏู |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:20:28,240 --> 00:20:36,960 |
|
ุฐุฑุชูู ูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุญุฌู
ูุง 4/3 ุจุงู R ุชูุนูุจ ู
ุนูุงุชู |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:20:36,960 --> 00:20:45,060 |
|
ุงูู atomic packing factor ุงูู V ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูู atoms ุนูู V |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:20:45,060 --> 00:20:50,820 |
|
ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูู unit cell ูู ุงูุณุงุนุฉ ุงููู ูู ูุชููู 8 |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:20:50,820 --> 00:20:54,480 |
|
ุจุงู |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:20:54,480 --> 00:21:04,220 |
|
R ุชูุนูุจ ุชู
ุงู
ูุง ุนูู ุชูุงุชุฉ ุนูู ุงููู ูู 64 |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:21:04,220 --> 00:21:07,420 |
|
ุงุฑุชููุจ |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:21:07,420 --> 00:21:20,460 |
|
ุนูู ุชูุงุชุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ ููุฑูุญ ุงูุงุฑุชููุจ ุจุงูุธุจุท ู
ุน |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:21:20,460 --> 00:21:27,680 |
|
ุงูุงุฑุชููุจ ูุงูุชูุงุชุฉ ู
ุน ุงูุชูุงุชุฉ ูุงูุซู
ุงููุฉ ุจูุตูุฑ ุนูู ูุงู
|
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:21:27,680 --> 00:21:32,280 |
|
ูุนููุ ุชู
ุงููุฉ ุงุญุณุจููุง |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:21:32,280 --> 00:21:39,720 |
|
ุจุชุทูุน ุชุทูุน 0.68 |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:21:39,720 --> 00:21:44,640 |
|
ูุนูู ูู ุงูู BCC unit cell ุจูููู ุฃูุง ุดุงุบู 68% ู |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:21:44,640 --> 00:21:47,580 |
|
60 ูู ุงูู
ูุฉ ู
ู ุญุฌู
ุงูู unit cell ูุนูู ูู ุนูุฏู |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:21:47,580 --> 00:21:50,140 |
|
32% ูุฑุงุบ |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:21:59,310 --> 00:22:05,570 |
|
ูู ุฅุญุตุงุฆููุง ุจูููู ููู ูุญูู ุงูุฅููุชุฑููุงุช ุจุญุฑูุฉ ุฏุงุฆู
ุฉ |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:22:05,570 --> 00:22:11,810 |
|
ูู ุนูุฏู ุงูู shells ูุนูู ุจูููู ูุญุธููุง ู
ุง ุจููููุด ูุญุธููุง |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:22:11,810 --> 00:22:16,390 |
|
ู
ุง ุจูููู ูุนูู ู
ุชุบูุฑ ูุจุนุฏูู ูุนูู ูู ุนูุฏู ุงููู ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:22:16,390 --> 00:22:19,270 |
|
orbitals ููู ุนูุฏู ูู ุฐุฑุฉ ูุญุงููุง ุจุชูุชุฒ |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:22:34,350 --> 00:22:39,470 |
|
ุทูุจ ุฒู ู
ุง ุญูููุง ุฅู ูุฑุฌุน ูุฌุฏูู ูู ุนูุฏู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุนุงุฏู |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:22:39,470 --> 00:22:43,290 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ุจูุฌู ุชุฑููุจูุง BCC ุฒู ุงูุญุฏูุฏ ุงูุญุฏูุฏ ุงููู ุฏุงุฑุณ |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:22:43,290 --> 00:22:49,790 |
|
ุดุนูุฑุงุช ุงูุบุฑูุฉ ุจูููู BCC ุฅุฐุง ุจุชุณุฎู ุญูุงูู 900 ุงูุด |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:22:49,790 --> 00:22:55,110 |
|
ุฒู ูุฏู ุจูุตูุฑ FCC ุณุฎููุง ูุญูุงูู 1000 ูุดูุก ู ุฃูุชุฑ ุจูุฑุฌุน |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:22:55,110 --> 00:23:06,510 |
|
BCC ุงูู .. ุงูู Chromium BCC ุนูุฏ ุงูู ู
ูููุจุฏููููู
BCC ูุนูุฏ |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:23:06,510 --> 00:23:18,250 |
|
ุงูุชูุฌุณุชู BCC ูู |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:23:18,250 --> 00:23:22,930 |
|
ููุน ุชุงูุช hexagonal |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:23:22,930 --> 00:23:27,250 |
|
closed packed structure HCP |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:23:33,140 --> 00:23:38,120 |
|
ูููู ุนูุฏู ู
ูุดูุฑ ุณุฏุงุณู |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:23:38,120 --> 00:23:41,240 |
|
ุงููุงุนุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:23:41,240 --> 00:23:46,240 |
|
ุจุชุงุนุชู ุดูู ุณุฏุงุณู ู
ุชุณุงูู ุงูุฃุถูุงุน ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:23:46,240 --> 00:23:47,820 |
|
ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:23:47,820 --> 00:23:47,840 |
|
ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:23:47,840 --> 00:23:48,060 |
|
ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:23:48,060 --> 00:23:50,240 |
|
ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:23:50,240 --> 00:24:00,700 |
|
ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:24:00,700 --> 00:24:09,020 |
|
ุฃููุงูุฃุณูู ููู ุงูุด ุฐุฑุฉ ูููู |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:24:09,020 --> 00:24:13,160 |
|
ุทุจูุฉ ููุง ุงูุฐุฑุงุช |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:24:13,160 --> 00:24:19,940 |
|
ุงูุฎุถุฑ ูุฏูู ุทูุน ุงูู
ุซูุซ ุงููุงุฆู
ูุงูู
ุซูุซ |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:24:19,940 --> 00:24:25,000 |
|
ุงููุงุฆู
ุฌุงุก ุจูููู
ุฐุฑุฉ touching ู
ู ุฃุนูู ุงูุชูุงุช ุฐุฑุงุช |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:29,480 |
|
ูุฏูู ู touching ุงูุชูุงุช ุฐุฑุงุช ูุฏูู ู
ู ุฃุณูู ุฃูุง ุญุงูููุง |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:24:29,480 --> 00:24:35,440 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ุซูุซ ุงููุงุฆู
ููู ุงูู
ุซูุซ ุงูุซุงูู ูุงูู
ุซูุซ ุงูุซุงูุซ |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:24:35,440 --> 00:24:42,660 |
|
ูู ุฐุฑุฉ ุจุฑุถู touching ูุชูุงุช ุฐุฑุงุช ู
ู ุชุญุช ูุงุญุฏ ูุงุญุฏ |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:24:42,660 --> 00:24:50,200 |
|
ุงุชููู ุชูุงุชุฉ ูู
ู ุฃุนูู ูุงุญุฏ ุงุชููู ุชูุงุชุฉ ุงูุขู ููู ูุฐู |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:57,330 |
|
ุจุนุฏูู ุชุนุงู ููุง ุนูุฏู ูุฐู ุฐุฑุฉ ุชุงูุชุฉ touching ู
ู ุชุญุช |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:24:57,330 --> 00:25:05,390 |
|
ูุงุญุฏ ุงุชููู ุชูุงุชุฉ ูู
ู ุฃุนูู ูุงุญุฏ ุงุชููู ุชูุงุชุฉ ูุงุญุฏ |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:25:05,390 --> 00:25:15,190 |
|
ุงุชููู ุชูุงุชุฉ ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู ุงูู HCP ุนูู |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:25:15,190 --> 00:25:21,150 |
|
ูู
ุฐุฑุฉ ุนูุฏู ุนูุฏ |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:25:21,150 --> 00:25:22,470 |
|
ุฃูุงู
corner |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:25:29,540 --> 00:25:38,420 |
|
12 ููู ุงุชุถุฑุน ุงูู corner ูุฐู ู
ุดุชุฑูุฉ |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:25:38,420 --> 00:25:43,720 |
|
ุจูููุง ูุงู
ุ ูุงุญุฏ ุชูุงุชุฉ |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:25:43,720 --> 00:25:48,940 |
|
ุนูู ููุณ ุงูู
ุณุชูู ุญุท ูู
ุงู ุทุจูุฉ ูุนูู ุฅูุชู ุณุฏุณ ุงุชูุงุดุฑ |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:25:48,940 --> 00:25:49,520 |
|
ููู ุณุฏุณ |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:25:55,630 --> 00:26:07,810 |
|
ุทูุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชููู ูู ุงููุต ุฒุงุฆุฏ |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:26:07,810 --> 00:26:12,670 |
|
ูู ุชูุงุชุฉ ุฌูุง ูุนูู |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:26:12,670 --> 00:26:18,790 |
|
ุฃูุง ูุงููู ุนูุฏู ุงุชููู ุฒุงุฆุฏ ูุงุญุฏ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุชูุงุชุฉ |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:26:31,610 --> 00:26:35,410 |
|
ุงูุขู ุจุฏู ุฃุญูุฌ ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุจูู ุงูู A ู ุงูู atomic radius |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:26:35,410 --> 00:26:41,010 |
|
ุจุฏู ุฃุฎุฏ ุงูู face ุงูุนููู ุฃู ุงูู face ุงูุณููู |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:44,180 |
|
ููู ููููู ุงูู touching ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:27:44,180 --> 00:27:51,000 |
|
ุทูุน A |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:54,020 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ูุฐุง A ูุฃู ูุฐุง A 60ุ 60ุ 60ุ 60ุ |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:27:54,020 --> 00:27:54,640 |
|
ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:54,900 |
|
ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:27:54,900 --> 00:27:55,220 |
|
ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:27:55,220 --> 00:27:58,120 |
|
ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:27:58,120 --> 00:28:01,100 |
|
ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:28:01,100 --> 00:28:04,620 |
|
ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุชููุ ุณุช |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:28:08,340 --> 00:28:17,040 |
|
ุทูุจ ูู ุนูุงูุฉ ุจูู C ู Aุ C ุนูู A ุจุณ |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:28:17,040 --> 00:28:25,380 |
|
ูุงุญุฏ ูุงุตูุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนุดุงู ูุญุณุจ .. ูุฌูุจ |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:28:25,380 --> 00:28:29,740 |
|
ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ูุฐูุ ูุงุฎุฏ ุงููุฑู
ุ ูุฑุฌุน ููุตูุฑุฉ ูุฐู |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:28:37,620 --> 00:28:43,280 |
|
ูุงุฎุฏ ุงูุฏูุงู ุถุงุฑุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุงุซูุชูู ุชูุงุชุฉ ููู ุฏู ุงู |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:28:43,280 --> 00:28:47,160 |
|
touching ุงูููู
ุงู touching ุงูููู
ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุนู
ูู ูุฑู
|
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:28:47,160 --> 00:28:52,640 |
|
ูุงุนุฏุชู ู
ุซูุซ ู
ุชุณุงูู ุงูุฃุถูุงุนุ ูุนู
ู ูุฑู
|
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:29:17,280 --> 00:29:24,420 |
|
ุฎุฑู
ุงููู ูู ูู
ุซู ุงููุงุนุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:29:24,420 --> 00:29:31,280 |
|
ูุฏ ุงูู ูุฏ ุงูู ู ูุฏ ุงูู ุตุญุ ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุฏ ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:29:31,280 --> 00:29:42,280 |
|
ุงูู ููุฏ |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:45,660 |
|
ุงูู
ุณุงูุฉ ูุชููู ูู
ุงูุนู
ูุฏูุฉ ูุต |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:29:53,090 --> 00:30:00,630 |
|
ู
ุตุจูุญุ ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู ููุฒู ุนู
ูุฏู ู
ู ุฑุฃุณ ุงููุฑู
ูููุงุนุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:30:00,630 --> 00:30:06,850 |
|
ููุฌู |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:30:06,850 --> 00:30:17,090 |
|
ุญูุจุฑ |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:30:17,090 --> 00:30:25,600 |
|
ููุทุฉ ุงูู
ูุตูุงุชุ ููุทุฉ ุงูู
ูุงุตูุงุช ูุฃู ุฎูุงุฎุฏ ู
ุซูุซ ูุญุงูู |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:30:25,600 --> 00:30:26,940 |
|
ู
ุชุณุงูู ุงูุฃุถูุงุน |
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:30:49,580 --> 00:30:57,680 |
|
ูุฐุง ุงูู ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:30:57,680 --> 00:31:02,300 |
|
ุงูู ููุฐุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:31:02,300 --> 00:31:07,940 |
|
ูุฐุง ููููู ุงูุด ูุฃู ูู ู
ุซูุซ ุฃู ุงุถูุงุน ู ุจุชุณุงูู ุงุณุชููู |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:31:07,940 --> 00:31:13,800 |
|
ู
ุนูุงุชู ู
ุตุฑ ููููู ุจูููู ุนู
ูุฏู ูู
ุงู ูุฐุง ููููู ุฃ ุนูู |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:31:13,800 --> 00:31:14,240 |
|
ุงุซููู |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:31:18,640 --> 00:31:24,180 |
|
ููู ุฃุฎุฏุช ุงูู
ุซูุซ ุฏู ููููู ูู ุซุบูุฑุซ ุงู ุชุฑุจูุฉ .. |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:31:24,180 --> 00:31:27,820 |
|
ุฎููุง ูุณู
ู ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:31:27,820 --> 00:31:37,760 |
|
.. ุณุงู
ุน ุณุงู ููู ู
ุซูุง ุงู |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:31:37,760 --> 00:31:38,600 |
|
ุชุฑุจูุฉุ |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:31:48,440 --> 00:31:53,400 |
|
ุฃู ุชุฑุจูุฉ ุงูุด ูุชููู ุณุงููุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:31:53,400 --> 00:32:02,320 |
|
ุนูู ุงุซููู ููู ุชุฑุจูุฉ ุฒุงุฏ q ุชุฑุจูุฉ ูุนูู ููููู q ุชุฑุจูุฉ |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:32:02,320 --> 00:32:07,180 |
|
ุจุชุณุงูู |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:32:07,180 --> 00:32:10,420 |
|
ุซูุงุซุฉ |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:32:10,420 --> 00:32:11,040 |
|
ุนูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:32:14,210 --> 00:32:21,850 |
|
ุงูู ุชุฑุจูุน ูุนูู Q ูุชููู ุชุณุงูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุงุซููู |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:32:21,850 --> 00:32:28,890 |
|
ุงู A ุงููู ูู ุงูุด ุฏู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุทุจ ูุฐุง ููููู ุงูุด ุซูุซูู |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:32:28,890 --> 00:32:37,430 |
|
ุซูุซูู ูุฐุง ุซูุซูู ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู ุฃุฎุฏุช ุงูู
ุซูุซ ูุฐุง ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:32:37,430 --> 00:32:42,110 |
|
ูุณู
ูู |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:32:42,110 --> 00:32:55,820 |
|
A B C ุฎูููู ุฃุทูุนู ุจุฑุง ูุงู ุงู A A |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:32:55,820 --> 00:33:06,740 |
|
B C 90 ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู A ุจู ุฃูู
C ุนูู |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:33:06,740 --> 00:33:07,540 |
|
ุงุซููู |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:33:12,140 --> 00:33:21,180 |
|
ู ุจู ุณู ุงููู ูู ุทููุชูู ูุฐุง ุตุญ ุจู ุณู ุจุชุณุงูู ุทููุชูู Q |
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:33:21,180 --> 00:33:30,500 |
|
ุตุญ ูุนูู ุฃูุง ูููู ุทููุชูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุงุซููู ุงู A |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:33:30,500 --> 00:33:33,860 |
|
ูุนูู |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:33:33,860 --> 00:33:53,820 |
|
ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงู A ููุง ุชูุฏู ุงูุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:33:53,820 --> 00:34:00,400 |
|
A ู |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:34:00,400 --> 00:34:05,180 |
|
ุงู A C ุงูุด ุจุงูุณุงููุฉ ู
ุง |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:34:05,180 --> 00:34:08,760 |
|
ูู touching ุจุงูุณุงููุฉ ุนูุฏู ูุงู R ู ูุงู R ุจุงูุณุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:34:08,760 --> 00:34:11,040 |
|
ุงูู ุงู A C |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:34:14,460 --> 00:34:22,620 |
|
ุจุณุงูู HLA ุจุฑุถู |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:34:22,620 --> 00:34:34,940 |
|
ูุณุชุฎุฏู
ููุซุงุบูุฑุซ ููููู |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:34:34,940 --> 00:34:43,680 |
|
ุนูุฏ A ุชุฑุจูุน ุจุณุงูู C ุชุฑุจูุน ุนูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฒุงุฆุฏ |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:34:46,540 --> 00:34:54,160 |
|
ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ A ููู ุชุฑุจูุฉ ูุนูู ุซูุซ A ุชุฑุจูุฉ |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:34:54,160 --> 00:34:57,380 |
|
ู
ุนูุงุชู |
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:34:57,380 --> 00:35:09,000 |
|
ุซูุซูู A ุชุฑุจูุฉ ูุณุชูู C ุชุฑุจูุฉ ุนูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู
ุนูุงุชู |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:35:09,000 --> 00:35:21,770 |
|
C C ุชุฑุจูุฉ ุจุงูุณุงููุฉ ุซู
ุงููุฉ ุนูู ุซูุงุซุฉ A ุชุฑุจุนุฉ ูุนูู ุงู |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:35:21,770 --> 00:35:27,950 |
|
C ูุชููู ุณุงููุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุซู
ุงููุฉ ุนูู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงุญุตูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุซู
ุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:35:27,950 --> 00:35:28,510 |
|
ุนูู ุซูุงุซุฉ |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:35:43,800 --> 00:35:51,480 |
|
ูุงุญุฏ ูุงุตูุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ A |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:35:51,480 --> 00:36:00,300 |
|
ู
ุน ุงูุทูุงูุฉ ุจูู C ู A one point six ุซูุงุซุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:36:00,300 --> 00:36:05,040 |
|
atomic packing factor ุงูุด |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:36:05,040 --> 00:36:11,380 |
|
ุจูุณุงูู ุงู atomic packing factor ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:36:11,380 --> 00:36:17,700 |
|
atoms ุนูู ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู unit cell ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:36:17,700 --> 00:36:22,940 |
|
ุงู unit cell ู
ุด ุณูู ู
ุณุงุญุฉ ุงููุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู A ุจุชุงุน ุงู |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:36:22,940 --> 00:36:31,080 |
|
base ูู ุฏู ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงููู ูู ุงููุ C ู
ุณุงุญุฉ ุงููุงุนุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:36:52,680 --> 00:36:58,800 |
|
ูุฐุง ุงูู ุงูู ุงูู ู
ุธุจูุท ูุชููู |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:36:58,800 --> 00:37:07,320 |
|
ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุณุช ู
ุซูุซุงุช ุฏูู ุงู A ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู base ูุฐู |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:37:07,320 --> 00:37:15,540 |
|
ุฒู ุณุชูู ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุจุงูุณุงููุฉ ู
ุณุงุญุฉ ุฃู ู
ุซูุซ ูู ุงูุฏููุง ุญุงุตู |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:37:15,540 --> 00:37:19,000 |
|
ุถุฑุจ ุถูุนูู ูุต ุญุงุตู ุถุฑุจ ุถูุนูู ูู ุงูุฒุงููุฉ ุจูููู
|
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:20,560 |
|
ูุต |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:37:22,800 --> 00:37:31,360 |
|
A ุชุฑุจูุน sin 60 sin 60 ูู ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุงุซููู ุตุญุ |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:37:31,360 --> 00:37:41,420 |
|
ูุนูู ูุชููู ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ A ุชุฑุจูุน ุทุจุนุง ุฎูููุง |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:37:41,420 --> 00:37:46,720 |
|
ูุญูู ูุงุฏุฆ A ูู
ุซูุซ |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:37:50,040 --> 00:37:58,080 |
|
ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู base ูุชููู ุณุชุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ A ุชุฑุจูุน |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:37:58,080 --> 00:38:08,240 |
|
ูุนูู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุนูู ุงุซููู A ุชุฑุจูุน ู |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:38:08,240 --> 00:38:13,140 |
|
ุงู A ุงูุด ุชุณุงูู ุงุซููู R ูุนูู ูุชููู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ R ุชุฑุจูุน |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:38:13,140 --> 00:38:23,950 |
|
ูุนูู ูุชููู ุณุงููุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ R ุชุฑุจูุน ุงู |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:38:23,950 --> 00:38:30,690 |
|
volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู unit cell ุณุงูู ุณุชุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงู R |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:38:30,690 --> 00:38:37,230 |
|
ุชุฑุจูุน ูู ุงู C ุงููู ูู ูุงุญุฏ ูุงุตูุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:38:37,230 --> 00:38:44,630 |
|
ูู ุงู A ุงููู ูู ุงุซููู R ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:38:44,630 --> 00:38:47,450 |
|
ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู unit cell ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:38:47,450 --> 00:38:47,790 |
|
atoms |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:38:59,920 --> 00:39:09,440 |
|
ุงูุณุชุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ by R ุชูุนูุจ ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:39:09,440 --> 00:39:16,820 |
|
ูุนูู ูุชููู ุงู atomic packing factor ุญูุซ |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:39:16,820 --> 00:39:20,580 |
|
ูู ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู atoms ุงููู ูู ุณุชุฉ ูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:39:20,580 --> 00:39:23,600 |
|
ูุนูู ูุฐู ุงูุณุชุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:39:26,030 --> 00:39:36,470 |
|
ุงุซููู ูู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงุซูุง ุนุดุฑ by ุงุฑุชูุงุจ ุซู
ุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:39:36,470 --> 00:39:42,090 |
|
ุซู
ุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:39:42,090 --> 00:39:52,430 |
|
by ุงุฑุชูุงุจ ุนูู ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู unit cell ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:39:52,430 --> 00:39:55,750 |
|
ุณุชุฉ ูู ุงุซููู ุงุซูุง ุนุดุฑ |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:39:57,990 --> 00:40:10,970 |
|
ูุงุญุฏ ูุงุตูุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุฌุฐุฑ ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงุฑุชูุงุจ ุญุณุจููุง |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:40:10,970 --> 00:40:17,810 |
|
ุชุทูุน |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:40:17,810 --> 00:40:19,610 |
|
ูุงุตูุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ ุฃู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:40:25,480 --> 00:40:30,580 |
|
ู
ุนูุงุชู ุฅุดุบุงู ุญุฌู
utensil ููุณ ุงู FCC ุงู HCB ููุณ ุงู |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:40:30,580 --> 00:40:37,620 |
|
FCC 0.74 ูุนูู ุจูุดุบู 74 .. ุงูุฅุฏุงุฑุงุช ุจูุดุบู 74% ู
ู |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:40:37,620 --> 00:40:44,220 |
|
ุงูุญุฌู
ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:40:44,220 --> 00:40:49,400 |
|
ุงู |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:40:49,400 --> 00:40:56,610 |
|
density ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุญุณุงุจุงุช ุงู density ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ุฃูุง |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:40:56,610 --> 00:40:58,650 |
|
ุจุนุฑู ุงูุชุฑููุจ ุงูุจููุฑู ูู
ุงุฏุฉ ู
ุนุงูุง ู
ู
ูู ุฃุนุฑู ุงู |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:40:58,650 --> 00:41:03,030 |
|
density ุจุชุงุนุชูุง ุญุณุงุจูุง ุงู |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:41:03,030 --> 00:41:13,690 |
|
density ุจุตูุฉ ุนุงู
ุฉ ุจูุณุงูู mass ุนูู volume ุงู |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:41:13,690 --> 00:41:18,750 |
|
mass ูู ุงู unit cell ุงููุงุญุฏุฉ ุจูุณุงูู ุงููู ูู ุนุฏุฏ |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:41:18,750 --> 00:41:23,690 |
|
ุงูุฐุฑุงุช ูู
ุฐุฑุฉ ู
ุธุจูุท number of atoms |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:41:28,340 --> 00:41:30,800 |
|
ุฃูุง ููุช ุจููู ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃุทุจุง ูููุช .. ุงูุฃุทุจุง ูููุช .. |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:41:30,800 --> 00:41:36,760 |
|
ููู ุงูุฃุทุจุง ูููุช ุจูุนุทููู mass ูู ุงู .. ูู ุงู .. ููู |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:41:36,760 --> 00:41:41,240 |
|
.. ูู ุงู ู
ูู .. ูู ุงู ู
ูู .. ูู ุงูุฃุทุจุง ูููุช |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:41:48,020 --> 00:41:52,980 |
|
ุงูุขู ููู ู
ูู ุงูู
ุนูู ูู ุงูุณู
ุนูู ุนุฏุฏ ุฃููุฌุงุฏุฑู ูุฃู |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:41:52,980 --> 00:42:03,800 |
|
ุงูู
ูู ุจูุญุชูู 6.022ร10ร23 ุฐุฑุฉ ุนูู ุนุฏุฏ ุฃููุฌุงุฏุฑู ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:42:03,800 --> 00:42:11,100 |
|
ุงู mass ุงู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงู unit cell ุงู V ุจุชุงุน ุงู |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:42:11,100 --> 00:42:14,340 |
|
unit cell ุฎูููุง ูุดูู ุงููุญุฏุงุช ุงู number of atoms |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:42:14,340 --> 00:42:16,580 |
|
ุจูุญูู ูุญุฏุฉ ุชุงุด atoms ุตุญุ |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:42:19,010 --> 00:42:29,070 |
|
ุงูู atom weight ุฌุฑุงู
ููู ู
ูู ุนุฏุฏ |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:42:29,070 --> 00:42:37,290 |
|
of ุฌุฑุงู
atoms ูู ุงูู
ูู ุนูู |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:42:37,290 --> 00:42:42,210 |
|
ุงู volume ูุนูู ุจูุณุงูู ู
ุซูุง ุณูุชูู
ุชุฑ ู
ูุนุจ ุฃู ู
ุชุฑ |
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:42:42,210 --> 00:42:48,650 |
|
ู
ูุนุจ whatever units ูููุฑูุญ ุฃู ุงู atoms ู
ุน atoms ู
ูู |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:42:48,650 --> 00:42:57,430 |
|
ู
ุน ู
ูู ุจูุตูู ูุง ุดูุฎ ุงู gram ุงูุงูุชุตุงุฏ |
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:42:57,430 --> 00:43:07,390 |
|
mass ุนูู volume ุชุดูู |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:43:07,390 --> 00:43:13,470 |
|
ู
ุซุงู copper has an atomic radius of 0.128 |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:43:13,470 --> 00:43:22,400 |
|
nanometer ูุญุงุณ ู
ุณููุชุฑุฏุงุฑุชู ุงู R 0.128 |
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:43:22,400 --> 00:43:27,320 |
|
nanometer ู |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:43:27,320 --> 00:43:36,080 |
|
ุงู structure ุจุชุงุนู FCC ู |
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:43:36,080 --> 00:43:42,380 |
|
ุงู atomic weight ูููุญุงุณ ุซูุงุซุฉ |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:43:42,380 --> 00:43:43,000 |
|
ุณุชูู ู ูุต |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:43:46,880 --> 00:43:53,520 |
|
ุฌุฑุงู
ููู
ูู ..ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุฐุง ูุฒู ูู
ุ ูุฒู 6.022ร10ร23 |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:43:53,520 --> 00:43:57,900 |
|
ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู
ุธุจูุทุ |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:43:57,900 --> 00:44:04,580 |
|
ูุฃูู ูู ุงูู
ูู.. ูู ุงูู
ูู ุจุญูู ุนู ุนุฏุฏูุง ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:44:11,430 --> 00:44:13,850 |
|
Compute its theoretical density and compare it |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:44:13,850 --> 00:44:17,530 |
|
with the |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:44:17,530 --> 00:44:29,550 |
|
measured value ุงูู ฯ ูุชููู ุชุณุงูู ุนุฏุฏ ุฐุฑุงุช ูู |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:44:29,550 --> 00:44:38,350 |
|
molecular weight ุนูู ุงูู V ุชุงุน ุงูู unit cell ูู ุนุฏุฏ |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:44:38,350 --> 00:44:43,790 |
|
ูู ููุฏุฑูุง ุตุญุ ูู FCC ุงุญูุง ุญุงูููุง ุงูุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูู V |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:44:43,790 --> 00:44:51,450 |
|
ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูู unit cell ุงูุด ุชุณุงูู A ุชูุนูุจ ูุงูู A ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:44:51,450 --> 00:44:59,210 |
|
unit cell ุงูุด ุชุณุงูู ูู ุงูู FCC A |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:44:59,210 --> 00:45:02,990 |
|
ุชุฑุจูุน ุฒู A ุชุฑุจูุน ุจูุณุชูู 16 A ุชุฑุจูุน ูุนูู ุจูุณุชูู |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:45:02,990 --> 00:45:10,190 |
|
ุฌุฐุฑ 8 ุฌุฐุฑ 8 R ุตุญ ุงูู A ุจูุณุชูู ุฌุฐุฑ 8 |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:45:11,960 --> 00:45:22,080 |
|
ุชู
ุงููุฉ ุฃูุตู ูุต ุชูุนูุจ ูู R ุชูุนูุจ ุชู
ุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:45:22,080 --> 00:45:26,880 |
|
ุฃูุตู ูุต ูู 3 ุชู
ุงููุฉ ุฃูุตู 3 ุนูู 2 ุตุญุ ูุนูู |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:45:26,880 --> 00:45:37,380 |
|
ูุชููู 8 ูู ุฌุฐุฑ 8 ู
ุธุจูุทุ |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:45:37,380 --> 00:45:38,120 |
|
R ุชูุนูุจ |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:45:40,940 --> 00:45:47,740 |
|
ูุนูู ูุชููู 8 ูู ุฌุฐุฑ 8 ุงูู 4 ูุงูู ู
ุชุฑ point |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:45:47,740 --> 00:45:52,880 |
|
1 2 8 ูุงููู
ุชุฑ ูุงููู
ุชุฑ ูู
ุจุงูุงุณู
|
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:45:52,880 --> 00:45:57,140 |
|
ููู
ุชุฑ 10 ุฃุณ ุณุงูุจ 7 ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู ุงูู sound 10 |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:45:57,140 --> 00:46:04,660 |
|
ุฃุณ ุณุงูุจ 7 10 ุฃุณ ุณุงูุจ 7 centimeter ุงููู ุชูุนูุจ |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:46:04,660 --> 00:46:06,140 |
|
ุงูู raw |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:46:13,030 --> 00:46:20,270 |
|
ุนุดุงู ูุณูู ุฃูุง ูู
ุฐุฑุฉ ุนูุฏู ูู ุงูู FCC 4 ูู |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:46:20,270 --> 00:46:29,790 |
|
ุงูู atom of Kuwait 4 atoms ูู |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:46:29,790 --> 00:46:36,730 |
|
atom of Kuwait 36.5 ุฌุฑุงู
ูู ูู ุณูุชูู
ุชุฑ ู |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:46:36,730 --> 00:46:40,430 |
|
ู
ูุนุจ ุนูู |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:46:40,430 --> 00:46:42,470 |
|
ุงูู volume ุจุชุงุน ุงูู unit cell ุงููู ุงุญูุง ุทูุนูุง ู
ู ููุง |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:46:44,490 --> 00:46:51,250 |
|
ูู
ุ 4.75 ุฃูุง |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:46:51,250 --> 00:46:55,430 |
|
ุชูุนูุจ ุฃูุช |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:46:55,430 --> 00:46:59,350 |
|
ุชูุนูุจ ุฃููุช |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:46:59,350 --> 00:47:03,450 |
|
4.75 ุฏูููุฉ ุงูุดุ ุงููุ ุฃุนุทููู.. ุฃูุง |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:47:03,450 --> 00:47:07,190 |
|
ุนุงู
ูู
4.74.5 |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:47:12,620 --> 00:47:18,680 |
|
7 4 5 ูู 10 ุฃูู ุณุงูุจ ูู
ุ 10 ุฃูู ุณุงูุจ |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:47:18,680 --> 00:47:27,000 |
|
23 ูู 10 ุฃูู ุณุงูุจ 23 ุณูุช |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:47:27,000 --> 00:47:33,780 |
|
ู
ุชุฑ ู
ูุนุจ ูุนูู ููุญุท ููุง 4.745 |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:47:33,780 --> 00:47:38,760 |
|
ูู 10 ุฃูู ุณุงูุจ 23 ุณูุชูู
ุชุฑ ู
ูุนุจ |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:47:51,400 --> 00:47:56,000 |
|
ูู 6.022 ูู 10 ุฃู ุฃุณ 3 ู |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:47:56,000 --> 00:48:04,140 |
|
20 atom ููู mole ุญุณุจูุง |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:48:04,140 --> 00:48:14,660 |
|
8 |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:48:14,660 --> 00:48:16,720 |
|
.9 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:48:25,960 --> 00:48:32,420 |
|
ุฌุฑุงู
ููู ุณูุชูู
ุชุฑ ู
ูุนุจ ุฑูุญ |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:48:32,420 --> 00:48:33,760 |
|
ุนูู ุงููุชุงุจ ูู ุฃูู ุงููุชุงุจ |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:48:51,960 --> 00:48:59,560 |
|
ุงูู 8.94 ูุชุจุช |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:48:59,560 --> 00:49:05,080 |
|
ุงูู 8.92 8.94 8.92 |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:49:05,080 --> 00:49:11,740 |
|
ูุนูู ูู ุทุฑุญุช 8.94 ูุงูุต 8.9 |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:49:11,740 --> 00:49:15,040 |
|
2 ุนูู 8.94 ูู 100 |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:49:18,730 --> 00:49:29,470 |
|
8.94 ู
ูุตุฏ 8.92 ุงููุชูุฌุฉ ุงูุณู
ุนูู 8.94 ูู 100 ูู
|
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:49:29,470 --> 00:49:38,890 |
|
1% ุฃู ุฃูู ู
ู 1% ูู
|
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:49:38,890 --> 00:49:46,100 |
|
ูู ุงูู 100 ูุนูู 20/100 ูุนูู 2/1000 |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:49:46,100 --> 00:49:52,180 |
|
ูุนูู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุถุนูู ุฌุฏุง ููููู ุฎูุตุช ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ููููู |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:49:52,180 --> 00:49:52,500 |
|
ุนุงููุฉ |
|
|