|
1 |
|
00:00:21,680 --> 00:00:27,700 |
|
Okay, بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الأسبوع |
|
|
|
2 |
|
00:00:27,700 --> 00:00:33,280 |
|
الماضي حكينا في الـ .. الـ bond market بالأسواق |
|
|
|
3 |
|
00:00:33,280 --> 00:00:38,710 |
|
السندات، قسمنا أسواق السندات الـ bond market لـ |
|
|
|
4 |
|
00:00:38,710 --> 00:00:46,710 |
|
government bonds و corporate bonds، اليوم هنحكي بالـ |
|
|
|
5 |
|
00:00:46,710 --> 00:00:54,430 |
|
equity securities، هنحكي بالأسواق الأسهم أو أسواق |
|
|
|
6 |
|
00:00:54,430 --> 00:01:01,310 |
|
الأسهم العادية و الممتازة، فانتبهوا معنا، الـ equity |
|
|
|
7 |
|
00:01:01,310 --> 00:01:05,010 |
|
securities includes the common stock and preferred |
|
|
|
8 |
|
00:01:05,010 --> 00:01:11,610 |
|
stock، نحكي هنا عن equity، equity |
|
|
|
9 |
|
00:01:11,610 --> 00:01:19,130 |
|
market includes common stock and preferred stock، |
|
|
|
10 |
|
00:01:19,130 --> 00:01:22,650 |
|
بتشمل |
|
|
|
11 |
|
00:01:22,650 --> 00:01:26,450 |
|
نوعية من الأسهم، الأسهم العادية و الأسهم الممتازة، |
|
|
|
12 |
|
00:01:26,450 --> 00:01:32,560 |
|
نحكي، نبدأ بالـ common stock، نبدأ بالأسهم العادية الـ |
|
|
|
13 |
|
00:01:32,560 --> 00:01:38,060 |
|
.. الـ common stock is represent the ownership of |
|
|
|
14 |
|
00:01:38,060 --> 00:01:43,560 |
|
the investors in a particular company، يعني بتمثل |
|
|
|
15 |
|
00:01:43,560 --> 00:01:49,200 |
|
ملكية المستثمرين أو المساهمين في الشركة، |
|
|
|
16 |
|
00:01:51,580 --> 00:01:53,280 |
|
there are some characteristics on the common |
|
|
|
17 |
|
00:01:53,280 --> 00:01:58,220 |
|
stock، بعض الخصائص للـ common stock and there are |
|
|
|
18 |
|
00:01:58,220 --> 00:02:00,440 |
|
some general characteristics for the common stock، |
|
|
|
19 |
|
00:02:00,440 --> 00:02:03,760 |
|
في بعض الخصائص العامة للـ common stock مثل الـ |
|
|
|
20 |
|
00:02:03,760 --> 00:02:09,770 |
|
voting right، زي ما أنتو بتعرفوا، voting right، حق |
|
|
|
21 |
|
00:02:09,770 --> 00:02:18,630 |
|
التصويت، for each stockholder has right to vote to |
|
|
|
22 |
|
00:02:18,630 --> 00:02:22,190 |
|
select the board of directors، كل واحد من الـ |
|
|
|
23 |
|
00:02:22,190 --> 00:02:28,470 |
|
shareholder أو الـ stockholder له حق يصوت لاختيار |
|
|
|
24 |
|
00:02:28,470 --> 00:02:32,070 |
|
مجلس الإدارة، يعني voting to select the board of |
|
|
|
25 |
|
00:02:32,070 --> 00:02:36,610 |
|
directors، this is BOD، stand for the board of |
|
|
|
26 |
|
00:02:36,610 --> 00:02:41,410 |
|
directors، then the .. then the board of directors |
|
|
|
27 |
|
00:02:41,410 --> 00:02:48,890 |
|
select the .. the managers، business managers، the |
|
|
|
28 |
|
00:02:48,890 --> 00:02:52,430 |
|
managers are in charge to run the .. the daily |
|
|
|
29 |
|
00:02:52,430 --> 00:02:55,590 |
|
business activities، و المدراء هم المسئولين عشان |
|
|
|
30 |
|
00:02:55,590 --> 00:03:02,590 |
|
ليديروا أعمال و الأنشطة اليومية للمنشأة، الـ voting |
|
|
|
31 |
|
00:03:02,590 --> 00:03:06,430 |
|
rights هاي is general characteristics، خاصية عامة للـ |
|
|
|
32 |
|
00:03:06,430 --> 00:03:09,250 |
|
.. للـ common stocks، however there are some stocks |
|
|
|
33 |
|
00:03:09,250 --> 00:03:13,690 |
|
has no voting rights، في بعض الخصي .. I'm not |
|
|
|
34 |
|
00:03:13,690 --> 00:03:16,090 |
|
talking about the preferred stock، there are some |
|
|
|
35 |
|
00:03:16,090 --> 00:03:20,750 |
|
common stock، في بعض الـ common stock they don't |
|
|
|
36 |
|
00:03:20,750 --> 00:03:26,930 |
|
have the .. the voting rights، because some |
|
|
|
37 |
|
00:03:26,930 --> 00:03:31,650 |
|
companies issue some private issues for the common |
|
|
|
38 |
|
00:03:31,650 --> 00:03:35,070 |
|
stock، يعني بعض المؤسسات، بعض الشركات تصدر أسهم |
|
|
|
39 |
|
00:03:35,070 --> 00:03:40,490 |
|
عادية لا تتمتع بحق التصويت وهي في special |
|
|
|
40 |
|
00:03:40,490 --> 00:03:43,850 |
|
condition to issue this، but generally بشكل عام |
|
|
|
41 |
|
00:03:43,850 --> 00:03:47,050 |
|
الأسهم العادية هي لها حق التصويت، but in some cases |
|
|
|
42 |
|
00:03:47,050 --> 00:03:50,090 |
|
in some special cases، they some companies have a |
|
|
|
43 |
|
00:03:50,090 --> 00:03:53,590 |
|
right to issue shares with no voting rights، يعني |
|
|
|
44 |
|
00:03:53,590 --> 00:03:56,890 |
|
بعض المؤسسة، as you .. if you just read in the |
|
|
|
45 |
|
00:03:56,890 --> 00:04:02,970 |
|
footnotes، you will read some corporates may issue |
|
|
|
46 |
|
00:04:02,970 --> 00:04:06,790 |
|
stock or common stock، they don't have voting |
|
|
|
47 |
|
00:04:06,790 --> 00:04:12,710 |
|
rights، ما عندهمش حق التصويت، there's some specific |
|
|
|
48 |
|
00:04:12,710 --> 00:04:15,330 |
|
characteristics for the common stocks، في بعض |
|
|
|
49 |
|
00:04:15,330 --> 00:04:19,170 |
|
الخصائص المحددة للـ common stocks، for instance the |
|
|
|
50 |
|
00:04:19,170 --> 00:04:23,360 |
|
first one is the residual claim، residual claim، |
|
|
|
51 |
|
00:04:23,360 --> 00:04:30,220 |
|
residual claim، it means the common stockholder has |
|
|
|
52 |
|
00:04:30,220 --> 00:04:35,440 |
|
the last in line for the claim when the company go |
|
|
|
53 |
|
00:04:35,440 --> 00:04:39,700 |
|
to the bankruptcy، يعني آخر ناس بيستطيعوا يحصلوا |
|
|
|
54 |
|
00:04:39,700 --> 00:04:44,080 |
|
على حقوقهم وعلى أموالهم، هم أصحاب الأسهم العادية، |
|
|
|
55 |
|
00:04:44,880 --> 00:04:48,220 |
|
فبسموها residual claim، يعني آخر ناس بيحصلوا على |
|
|
|
56 |
|
00:04:48,220 --> 00:04:53,760 |
|
مستحقاتهم واستثماراتهم، هم أصحاب الأسهم العادية، |
|
|
|
57 |
|
00:04:53,760 --> 00:04:57,000 |
|
this is why they call them residual claim، عشان هيك |
|
|
|
58 |
|
00:04:57,000 --> 00:05:00,840 |
|
بيسموهم residual، residual يعني المتبقي، يعني بعد ما |
|
|
|
59 |
|
00:05:00,840 --> 00:05:04,120 |
|
.. لما يصير bankruptcy، bankruptcy معناها إفلاس، |
|
|
|
60 |
|
00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:09,790 |
|
they rank the investors according to their priority، |
|
|
|
61 |
|
00:05:09,790 --> 00:05:12,110 |
|
and they apply some rules and regulations to rank |
|
|
|
62 |
|
00:05:12,110 --> 00:05:16,470 |
|
them، يعني حسب القوانين، لما الشركة تروح للإفلاس، |
|
|
|
63 |
|
00:05:16,470 --> 00:05:21,650 |
|
بيروحوا بيرتبوا المستثمرين، مثلا الديون، الديون كانت |
|
|
|
64 |
|
00:05:21,650 --> 00:05:25,210 |
|
للحكومة، إذا الديون كانت لشركات، إذا كان ضريبة، إذا |
|
|
|
65 |
|
00:05:25,210 --> 00:05:28,650 |
|
كان رواتب موظفين، كلهم بيرتبوهم حسب الأولوية، |
|
|
|
66 |
|
00:05:28,650 --> 00:05:32,810 |
|
والقانون هو اللي بيرتب الأولوية، الـ common stock |
|
|
|
67 |
|
00:05:32,810 --> 00:05:37,360 |
|
بتاخد the last priority، الـ commerce للأسهم العادية |
|
|
|
68 |
|
00:05:37,360 --> 00:05:42,320 |
|
بتاخد آخر، آخر إشي، فبعد ما يصير bankruptcy، يروح |
|
|
|
69 |
|
00:05:42,320 --> 00:05:45,420 |
|
يوزع كل واحد مستحقاته، المتبقي هذا بيسموه residual، |
|
|
|
70 |
|
00:05:45,420 --> 00:05:51,080 |
|
المتبقي بيعتول الأسهم العادية، هذا إذا ضال متبقي، |
|
|
|
71 |
|
00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:57,280 |
|
limited liability، limited liability، it means the |
|
|
|
72 |
|
00:05:57,280 --> 00:06:01,080 |
|
investors، يعني التزامات محدودة، it means the |
|
|
|
73 |
|
00:06:01,080 --> 00:06:05,600 |
|
investors they are liable to the amount of money |
|
|
|
74 |
|
00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:10,100 |
|
that invest in the company، يعني هم فقط بيخسروا |
|
|
|
75 |
|
00:06:10,100 --> 00:06:14,400 |
|
الأموال اللي هم استثمروها في الشركة، يعني مثلا، يعني |
|
|
|
76 |
|
00:06:14,400 --> 00:06:19,960 |
|
مثلا إذا كان عندهم استثمار في استثمار، يعني إذا كان |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:19,960 --> 00:06:22,260 |
|
أسهم عادية بتاعتهم قيمتها عشرة مليون دولار، |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:22,260 --> 00:06:26,660 |
|
فالخسائر لا تتعدى العشرة مليون دولار، okay، هاي |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:26,660 --> 00:06:30,540 |
|
بيسموها limited liability، limited liabilities، it |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:30,540 --> 00:06:36,290 |
|
means their liable is not exceed the amount that |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:06:36,290 --> 00:06:39,350 |
|
they invest in the company، يعني التزاماتهم لا |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:06:39,350 --> 00:06:43,550 |
|
تتعدى الأموال اللي بيستثمروها، مثلا إذا كان زي ما |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:43,550 --> 00:06:48,250 |
|
حكينا عشرة مليون دولار، مستثمرين أو اللي هم أسهم |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:06:48,250 --> 00:06:52,410 |
|
عادية بهذا المبلغ، وبالتالي الخسائر تبعتهم لا تتعدى |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:06:52,410 --> 00:06:57,930 |
|
العشرة مليون دولار اللي هم مستثمرينها، okay، نحكي عن |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:06:57,930 --> 00:06:58,650 |
|
الـ preferred stock، |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:07:01,390 --> 00:07:08,730 |
|
الـ preferred stock هي أسهم ممتازة، okay، هاي الأسهم |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:07:08,730 --> 00:07:13,290 |
|
ممتازة بتختلف عن الأسهم العادية في اختلاف أول بالـ |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:07:13,290 --> 00:07:16,030 |
|
par value، مثلا الـ par value اللي كم الـ stock عادة |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:07:16,030 --> 00:07:19,070 |
|
one dollar، من ناحية المحاسبية، الـ preferred stock |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:19,070 --> 00:07:23,310 |
|
ten dollar، هذا فرق مش كتير جوهري، نجعل الـ .. |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:23,310 --> 00:07:26,490 |
|
الـ preferred stock، لاحظين احنا مكتوب perpetuity، |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:07:26,490 --> 00:07:33,160 |
|
perpetuity يعني أبدية، يعني أتم، there is no |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:07:33,160 --> 00:07:36,940 |
|
maturity date for the preferred stock، ما فيش |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:07:36,940 --> 00:07:41,920 |
|
maturity date، ما فيش تاريخ استحقاق للـ .. للـ |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:07:41,920 --> 00:07:46,360 |
|
preferred stock، يعني هيتم إصدارها بدون تواريخ |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:07:46,360 --> 00:07:51,960 |
|
استحقاق، and this part of preferred stock is a |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:58,140 |
|
hybrid، what it means hybrid، يعني hybrid، يعني تجمع |
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:07:58,140 --> 00:08:02,720 |
|
أكثر من خاصيتين، the .. the characteristics of the |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:08:02,720 --> 00:08:05,900 |
|
common stock and the characteristics of bond، يعني |
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:08:05,900 --> 00:08:08,880 |
|
بتشمل بين .. تجمع بين خاصيتين، خاصية الـ common |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:08:08,880 --> 00:08:14,080 |
|
stock و خاصية الـ .. الـ bond، السندات، so it have |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:08:14,080 --> 00:08:17,700 |
|
or it .. it has the advantages of both، بتجمع |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:08:17,700 --> 00:08:23,200 |
|
خصائص ومميزات التنتين، sometimes they call this |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:08:23,200 --> 00:08:31,540 |
|
hybrid، hybrid يعني مختلطة، لها ميزة مختلطة، سموها |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:08:31,540 --> 00:08:31,880 |
|
hybrid، |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:08:37,600 --> 00:08:41,580 |
|
Okay، فبتجمع بين خصائص الأسهم العادية وبين خصائص |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:08:41,580 --> 00:08:48,520 |
|
السندات، طيب نشوف fixed dividends، one of the |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:08:48,520 --> 00:08:52,660 |
|
characteristics of fixed dividends، عائذة بتقن this |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:08:52,660 --> 00:08:59,480 |
|
is looks like bonds، بتشبه الـ bonds، تشبه السندات، |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:06,540 |
|
okay، لأنه الـ .. الـ .. الـ bond paid fixed income، |
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:09:06,540 --> 00:09:11,280 |
|
بتدفع fixed income، priority over the .. over common |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:09:11,280 --> 00:09:15,480 |
|
stock، زي ما حكينا قبل شوية أنه لما بنعمل |
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:09:15,480 --> 00:09:18,040 |
|
priorities .. priorities، أولوية، when the .. when |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:09:18,040 --> 00:09:21,700 |
|
the company go to bankruptcy، So according to |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:09:21,700 --> 00:09:26,580 |
|
regulations، they rank the investors or the |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:09:26,580 --> 00:09:30,760 |
|
securities according to the priority، برتبوهم حسب |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:09:30,760 --> 00:09:35,340 |
|
الـ priority، لما احنا بندفع للـ investors، لما يصير |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:09:35,340 --> 00:09:39,320 |
|
في عندنا إفلاس، وبالتالي هان، لما احنا بنرتبهم، لو |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:09:39,320 --> 00:09:43,560 |
|
عملنا واحد، اتنين، تلاتة، أربعة، آخر إشي بيجي الـ |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:09:43,560 --> 00:09:47,960 |
|
common stock، and before the common stock، before |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:09:47,960 --> 00:09:48,580 |
|
the preferred stock، |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:09:51,550 --> 00:09:54,050 |
|
إلى حق الأولوية، before they prepare the stock |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:09:54,050 --> 00:09:58,550 |
|
عندنا الـ bond، إذا احنا بنرجع before the bonds الـ |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:09:58,550 --> 00:10:01,190 |
|
taxation، ضريبة الحكومة، before the taxation، |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:10:01,190 --> 00:10:05,910 |
|
salaries, employees' salaries and so on. Okay, so from |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:10:05,910 --> 00:10:09,450 |
|
government to government or from country to |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:10:09,450 --> 00:10:12,710 |
|
country, there are some little changes in the |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:10:12,710 --> 00:10:16,910 |
|
priority over the securities. يعني حسب كل دولة |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:10:17,840 --> 00:10:21,940 |
|
بيحددوا إيش الـ priorities الأولويات. لكن in general |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:10:21,940 --> 00:10:26,620 |
|
بشكل عام بيكون الـ preferred stock is before the |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:10:26,620 --> 00:10:31,300 |
|
common stock. ده ما يصير فيه عندنا سداد للاموال |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:10:31,300 --> 00:10:39,920 |
|
المستثمرين، tax treatment، الـ tax treatment the |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:10:39,920 --> 00:10:42,580 |
|
dividends which is looks like the common stock |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:10:42,580 --> 00:10:45,440 |
|
treatment. تشبه الـ common stock treatment |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:10:50,520 --> 00:10:57,820 |
|
المستخدمين في السوق المفضل يدفعون تاكس على الدفعات |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:10:57,820 --> 00:11:06,960 |
|
وهو يسمى إذا قمت بفتح صفحة، صفحة |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:11:06,960 --> 00:11:14,740 |
|
43 فالسوق العام ليس مستخدم للدفع تاكس ما يعنيه |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:11:14,740 --> 00:11:20,680 |
|
تاكس لا تاكس مستخدم. In the bonds, the tax is |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:11:20,680 --> 00:11:25,760 |
|
deducted from the expenses. However, in the |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:11:25,760 --> 00:11:29,380 |
|
preferred stock, the tax is not deducted from the |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:11:29,380 --> 00:11:35,460 |
|
expenses. يعني بحالة السندات، الفائدة |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:11:35,460 --> 00:11:40,260 |
|
يتم طرحها من المصاريف وبالتالي بيصير عندنا إعفاء |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:11:40,260 --> 00:11:46,750 |
|
ضريبي. لكن بالأسهم الممتازة، الـ dividends بتاعة الـ |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:11:46,750 --> 00:11:50,490 |
|
preferred stock لا يتم اختصامها أو قطعها من |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:11:50,490 --> 00:11:53,690 |
|
المصاريف وبالتالي لا تتمتع بوفرة ضريبية. And this is |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:11:53,690 --> 00:11:56,730 |
|
a disadvantage of the preferred stock. وهذه واحدة من |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:11:56,730 --> 00:12:02,310 |
|
العيوب بتاعة الـ preferred stock، الأسهم الممتازة. Okay. |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:12:04,930 --> 00:12:09,870 |
|
بالنسبة للسندات، regarding the tax treatment, the |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:12:09,870 --> 00:12:13,230 |
|
interest payment is deducted from tax... from |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:12:13,230 --> 00:12:19,210 |
|
expenses. يعني الفائدة يتم اختطاعها من المصاريف. And |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:12:19,210 --> 00:12:22,410 |
|
so we have tax exempted. وبالتالي بنحصل على إعفاء |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:12:22,410 --> 00:12:27,440 |
|
ضريبي. لكن for the preferred stock, it is not tax |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:12:27,440 --> 00:12:31,720 |
|
deducted from the expenses. هي لا يتم اختطاعها من |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:12:31,720 --> 00:12:36,740 |
|
المصاريف. And so we cannot have the tax exempted |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:12:36,740 --> 00:12:41,740 |
|
ومش هيتمتع في إعفاء ضريبي. فهذه الفروقات بين الـ |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:12:41,740 --> 00:12:48,120 |
|
preferred stock and the common stocks. Okay. |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:12:52,340 --> 00:12:56,060 |
|
American depository receipts. هاي ما الناس نحكي |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:12:56,060 --> 00:13:04,400 |
|
فيها. آخر واحدة، stock market indexes. نحكي على أسواق |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:13:04,400 --> 00:13:10,120 |
|
المؤشرات، أسواق الأسهم، stock market indexes. Some |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:13:10,120 --> 00:13:13,420 |
|
people, they call stock market indices. بعض الناس |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:13:13,420 --> 00:13:17,420 |
|
بالفظها indices. سواء كانت indices ولا indices are |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:13:17,420 --> 00:13:23,880 |
|
the same. مؤشرات أسواق الأسهم. لو أنتو... اكتبوا |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:29,520 |
|
معناها... لو أنتو مثلا فاتحتوا مثلا الجزيرة |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:36,720 |
|
الاقتصادية أو العربية أو CNBC. هتيجي آخر اليوم حصاد |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:13:36,720 --> 00:13:42,130 |
|
اقتصادي بيجي بيحكي مثلا الـ Dow Jones مثلا انخفض أو |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:13:42,130 --> 00:13:46,550 |
|
ارتفع. بيجي بيحكي الـ 4100 ارتفع أو انخفض. بيجي بيحكي |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:13:46,550 --> 00:13:51,470 |
|
S&P 500 ارتفع أو انخفض. بيحكي الـ CAC 40 انخفض أو |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:13:51,470 --> 00:13:54,690 |
|
ارتفع. هدول مش شركات، هدول عبارة عن مؤشرات، أسباب |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:13:54,690 --> 00:13:57,370 |
|
مالية. يعني مثلا لو أجيب نحكي على New York Stock |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:13:57,370 --> 00:14:03,290 |
|
Exchange، New York Stock Exchange، New York Stock |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:14:03,290 --> 00:14:08,810 |
|
Exchange. هذا سوق بدوم آلاف الشركات. فلمّا بنعمل |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:14:08,810 --> 00:14:13,770 |
|
تقرير عن أداء السوق، مانفعش نعمل تقرير عن كل شركة |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:14:13,770 --> 00:14:19,610 |
|
فالـ financial market committee اللي هو لجنة |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:14:19,610 --> 00:14:23,970 |
|
الأسواق المالية قررت أنه تـ select particular |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:14:23,970 --> 00:14:29,230 |
|
companies based on a particular criteria. To select |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:14:29,230 --> 00:14:31,910 |
|
particular companies based on the particular |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:14:31,910 --> 00:14:35,570 |
|
criteria to be in the index. يعني مثلا لو أنا عندي |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:14:35,570 --> 00:14:38,430 |
|
3000 شركة مثلا موجودة بالـ New York Stock Exchange |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:14:39,590 --> 00:14:44,730 |
|
They select for instance 500 companies from the |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:14:44,730 --> 00:14:48,630 |
|
3000 based on a particular criteria to represent |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:14:48,630 --> 00:14:52,370 |
|
the financial market. يعني بيختاروا أفضل مثلا 500 |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:14:52,370 --> 00:14:54,610 |
|
شركة حسب market capitalization، market |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:14:54,610 --> 00:14:59,730 |
|
capitalization. يعني حجم القيمة السوقية للشركة بحيث |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:14:59,730 --> 00:15:02,790 |
|
أن هدول بيمثلوا السوق. فبدل ما هم يقيصوا السوق من |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:15:02,790 --> 00:15:06,890 |
|
خلال 3000 أو 4000 شركة فبيقيصوا السوق من قبل أفضل |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:15:06,890 --> 00:15:12,410 |
|
500 شركة في السوق أو أكبر 500 شركة أو أكبر 500 شركة |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:15:12,410 --> 00:15:16,670 |
|
حسب القيمة السوقية. فهم بيختاروا من الـ 3000 هدول |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:15:16,670 --> 00:15:22,150 |
|
بيختارونهم 500 شركة مثلا في الـ FTSE 100 اللي هو |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:15:22,150 --> 00:15:25,670 |
|
جاي من London Stock Exchange، London Stock Exchange |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:15:25,670 --> 00:15:30,910 |
|
LSE. هذا سوق لندن، السوق لندن في 6000 و 10000 شركة |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:15:30,910 --> 00:15:38,520 |
|
يعتبر هذا السوق من بمثل تقريبا خمسة وعشرين في |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:42,980 |
|
المية من قيمة السوقية للعالم، تمام؟ سوق لندن، سوق |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:15:42,980 --> 00:15:49,060 |
|
لندن هال... آلاف الشركات. هدول بدل ما احنا نروح |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:15:49,060 --> 00:15:53,600 |
|
نمثل السوق كله بألاف الشركات، فبروح بختاروا أفضل |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:15:53,600 --> 00:15:58,990 |
|
مئه شركة وبالتالي سموه الـ FTSE 100. فوتي one |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:15:58,990 --> 00:16:01,470 |
|
hundred. فوتي one hundred اللي هو Financial Time |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:16:01,470 --> 00:16:05,070 |
|
Stock Exchange for one hundred companies. فهم |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:16:05,070 --> 00:16:08,010 |
|
بيروحوا بيشوفوا الخمس آلاف شركة، بيختاروا أفضل مئة |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:16:08,010 --> 00:16:10,910 |
|
شركة حسب القيمة السوقية وبيروحوا بيحكوا بيصيروا |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:16:10,910 --> 00:16:14,590 |
|
يحكوا فقط على الـ FTSE one hundred. إذا مثلا الـ FTSE |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:16:14,590 --> 00:16:18,890 |
|
one hundred is includes the best one hundred |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:16:18,890 --> 00:16:22,130 |
|
companies in the London Stock Exchange. يعني بيضم |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:16:22,130 --> 00:16:26,250 |
|
أفضل مئة شركة في سوق لندن. إذا احنا بنحكي مثلا على |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:16:26,250 --> 00:16:30,930 |
|
الـ... أمثلة كتير، في عندنا الـ CAC 40 وفي عندنا |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:16:30,930 --> 00:16:36,850 |
|
Tokyo، سوق Tokyo، we have S&P 500، هذا سوق |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:16:36,850 --> 00:16:41,330 |
|
الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، في عندنا اسطنبول، |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:16:41,330 --> 00:16:44,290 |
|
اسطنبول، في عندنا اسطنبول كمان، عندهم تقريبا |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:16:44,290 --> 00:16:51,470 |
|
مؤشرهم على معتقد بضم 40 حوالي أربعين شركة حسب كل الـ |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:16:51,470 --> 00:16:53,930 |
|
regulations. عندنا في سوق فلسطين أوراق المالية |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:16:53,930 --> 00:16:57,810 |
|
لفترة متأخرة كان بيضم هذا السوق عشر شركات. الآن |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:16:57,810 --> 00:17:01,510 |
|
طبعا بيضم أكتر من عشر شركات كمؤشر، as a index |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:17:06,510 --> 00:17:09,430 |
|
الشركات الكبيرة نسميها في... طبعا احنا بنحكي هنا |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:17:09,430 --> 00:17:13,490 |
|
عن Dow Jones. الشركات الكبيرة بيسموها blue chip، الـ |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:17:13,490 --> 00:17:17,050 |
|
blue chip company، blue chip اللي هو القطعة الزرقاء |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:17:17,050 --> 00:17:22,370 |
|
أيه. اجا القطعة الزرقاء الـ blue chip اجت من طبعا |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:17:22,370 --> 00:17:25,570 |
|
اجت من الأسف الشديد، اجت من ألعاب الـ gambling |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:17:28,210 --> 00:17:31,470 |
|
المقامرة. فالقطع الزرقاء هذه تعتبر أغلى قطعة |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:17:31,470 --> 00:17:34,370 |
|
واحتمالات النجاح فيها احتمالات عالية جدا. فهذه |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:17:34,370 --> 00:17:38,550 |
|
بيسموها blue chip. فـ الـ companies with a blue chip |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:17:38,550 --> 00:17:42,410 |
|
يعني تكون هي blue chip، it is should be considered |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:17:42,410 --> 00:17:45,910 |
|
as one of the index member. يعني تعتبر واحدة من |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:17:45,910 --> 00:17:53,230 |
|
الشركات الممكن أن تكون في الشركات المساهمة في مؤشر |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:17:53,230 --> 00:17:59,160 |
|
السوق. The question is how we can calculate the |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:17:59,160 --> 00:18:08,120 |
|
index. كيف احنا ممكن... blue chip هي لما نيجي نقول |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:18:08,120 --> 00:18:14,060 |
|
هاي البنات هدول في عندنا بنات متفوقات وفي بنات |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:18:14,060 --> 00:18:18,720 |
|
يعني متوسطات وفي بنات عادية. إذا احنا بنختار the |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:18:18,720 --> 00:18:22,700 |
|
best ten students، هدول بيسموهم، بيسميهم the blue |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:18:22,700 --> 00:18:27,810 |
|
chip student. إيش يعني blue chip student؟ يعني أفضل |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:18:27,810 --> 00:18:31,430 |
|
الطلاب دول بيسموه blue chip. فهذا مصطلح في الـ |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:18:31,430 --> 00:18:34,810 |
|
financial markets. الـ blue chip it means the best |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:18:34,810 --> 00:18:42,250 |
|
Okay. فليش سموها blue chip؟ لأنه في صلاة القمار في |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:18:42,250 --> 00:18:45,010 |
|
عندنا قطعة... قطعة لونها أصفر، قطعة لونها أحمر، |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:18:45,010 --> 00:18:48,810 |
|
قطعة لونها أسود، قطعة لونها أزرق، فأغلى قطعة هي |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:18:48,810 --> 00:18:53,250 |
|
القطعة الزرقاء. والقطعة الزرقاء نفسها الـ blue chip |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:18:53,250 --> 00:18:57,730 |
|
بتكون the most expensive and the most probable to |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:18:57,730 --> 00:19:03,430 |
|
win. واحتماليات الربح تبقى هتكون أعلى comparing |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:19:03,430 --> 00:19:07,610 |
|
or relative to the other chips. مقارنة مع القطع |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:19:07,610 --> 00:19:11,090 |
|
الأخرى. |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:19:11,090 --> 00:19:17,220 |
|
يعني لو أجينا احنا هقولنا the best students are more |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:19:17,220 --> 00:19:20,660 |
|
probable to finish their graduate on this year. |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:19:20,660 --> 00:19:27,160 |
|
يعني أكتر احتمال أن هم يخلصوا السنة هذه أو to pass |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:19:27,160 --> 00:19:32,100 |
|
the exam easily أو يخلصوا الامتحان تبعهم بسهولة. |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:19:32,100 --> 00:19:38,220 |
|
فهذا المصطلح أتي من هنا اسمه blue chip. Okay. The |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:19:38,220 --> 00:19:42,040 |
|
question is how we can calculate or estimate the |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:19:45,570 --> 00:19:49,990 |
|
the index. كيف احنا ممكن نختار الـ index? There is |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:19:49,990 --> 00:19:53,130 |
|
two different ways or two different methods to |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:19:53,130 --> 00:19:56,410 |
|
calculate the index. فينا طريقتين. The first one is |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:19:56,410 --> 00:19:59,930 |
|
the price weighted in average and the second is |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:19:59,930 --> 00:20:05,110 |
|
the average the market value weighted index. So the |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:20:05,110 --> 00:20:07,890 |
|
first one is the price, the second one is the |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:20:07,890 --> 00:20:14,090 |
|
markets, the market value. So we have two different |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:20:14,090 --> 00:20:20,710 |
|
types of... of estimating the... the index يعني زي |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:20:20,710 --> 00:20:25,730 |
|
ما أنتم بتسمعوا مثلا بالجزيرة أو بال CNBC أو in |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:20:25,730 --> 00:20:30,030 |
|
CNN the index... the market index for instance for |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:20:30,030 --> 00:20:36,670 |
|
the FTSE 100 is increased by five points. If we look |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:20:36,670 --> 00:20:40,450 |
|
at the... if you look at the Google, if you open |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:20:40,450 --> 00:20:44,110 |
|
Google, just write the FTSE 100 or write Dow Jones |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:20:44,110 --> 00:20:49,990 |
|
or S&P 500. So these indexes or indices represent a |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:20:49,990 --> 00:20:53,630 |
|
particular financial markets, it may increase by |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:20:53,630 --> 00:20:57,110 |
|
points or decrease by points. هي بتنخفض و بترتفع |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:20:57,110 --> 00:21:06,550 |
|
حسب النقاط. Dow Jones, this is... Dow Jones is the |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:21:06,550 --> 00:21:12,530 |
|
first person back to 19s, the early of 19s, around |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:21:12,530 --> 00:21:18,650 |
|
1905, سنة ألف وتسعمائة وخمسة, he suggested a theory which |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:21:18,650 --> 00:21:23,010 |
|
is called Dow theory. اختراع نظرية سماها Dow theory |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:21:23,010 --> 00:21:29,690 |
|
نظرية Dow, and this Dow theory depends on the |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:21:29,690 --> 00:21:35,390 |
|
assumption that the financial market is moved by |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:21:35,390 --> 00:21:40,350 |
|
the behavioral finance. يعني بتحركها ال behavioral |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:21:40,350 --> 00:21:43,970 |
|
finance اللي هو السلوك المالي أو the behavior of |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:21:43,970 --> 00:21:50,050 |
|
investors أو سلوك المستثمرين. And this Dow, هذا |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:21:50,050 --> 00:21:56,900 |
|
الشخص اسمه Dow, was the first one to estimate the |
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:21:56,900 --> 00:22:01,100 |
|
market index. هو كان أول واحد بيعمل estimation يعني |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:22:01,100 --> 00:22:05,060 |
|
calculate the market index. هو مؤشر السوق. And after |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:22:05,060 --> 00:22:07,560 |
|
that, there are some other people, they try to |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:22:07,560 --> 00:22:12,280 |
|
update and to amend the calculations of... of the |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:22:12,280 --> 00:22:17,640 |
|
index. حاولوا ي... يغيروا في ال calculations لل... |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:22:17,640 --> 00:22:23,080 |
|
لل index. لأ just they... they have little change |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:22:23,080 --> 00:22:27,640 |
|
but the first one to coin the... the concept of |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:22:27,640 --> 00:22:34,720 |
|
index was Dow. أول واحد أوجد فكرة ال index أو حسب |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:39,640 |
|
ال... ال index هو... هو Dow Jones في... في نظرية |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:22:39,640 --> 00:22:45,560 |
|
Dow. سماها Dow theory. Okay, this is why, okay. |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:22:48,590 --> 00:22:51,010 |
|
Let's see for instance how we calculate the... |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:22:51,010 --> 00:22:57,930 |
|
based on the price weighted in |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:22:57,930 --> 00:23:02,310 |
|
price weighted... ال price weighted يعني حسب السعر |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:23:02,310 --> 00:23:09,970 |
|
المؤجح. If we have two stock, إذا كان عندي two |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:23:09,970 --> 00:23:11,630 |
|
stocks. سهمين |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:23:15,320 --> 00:23:21,140 |
|
stock A and stock B. يعني إذا كان ال index, if the |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:23:21,140 --> 00:23:24,900 |
|
index includes only two stocks. يعني إذا بس بيشمل |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:23:24,900 --> 00:23:29,540 |
|
سهمين A and B, we should know the price of A and |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:23:29,540 --> 00:23:34,440 |
|
the price of B. لازم نعرف سعر A وسعر B according to |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:23:34,440 --> 00:23:38,820 |
|
your example for instance, the price of A is 25$. |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:23:38,820 --> 00:23:45,300 |
|
And the price of B is 100$. This is from for |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:23:45,300 --> 00:23:47,500 |
|
instance for today or for from the previous day. |
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:23:47,500 --> 00:23:52,340 |
|
Now we observe the changes in the price. باللاحظ |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:23:52,340 --> 00:23:55,420 |
|
التغير في الأسعار. For instance, if this is for |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:23:55,420 --> 00:24:00,700 |
|
today, today is zero. And if we observe for tomorrow |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:24:01,710 --> 00:24:06,570 |
|
and tomorrow is coming. وبكرة إجا. And the price is |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:24:06,570 --> 00:24:13,030 |
|
like this, 30 for A and 90 for B. It means stock A |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:24:13,030 --> 00:24:19,110 |
|
increased by 5 and stock B decreased by 10. If we |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:24:19,110 --> 00:24:23,610 |
|
calculate the sum of this, 125. If we calculate the |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:24:23,610 --> 00:24:29,830 |
|
sum of this, is 130. What you observe tomorrow, when |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:24:29,830 --> 00:24:34,390 |
|
tomorrow is coming, the price is increased by five |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:24:34,390 --> 00:24:42,550 |
|
dollars, 120. Okay, sorry for this. So the the price is |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:24:42,550 --> 00:24:48,210 |
|
decreased by five dollars. السعر انخفض بكم five |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:24:48,210 --> 00:24:51,170 |
|
dollars as a percentage. إذا احنا بنحسبه على |
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:24:51,170 --> 00:24:56,630 |
|
percentage, so five divided by the original price, |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:24:56,630 --> 00:25:01,290 |
|
السعر الرئيسي اللي هو مية وخمسة وعشرين, فبيطلع |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:25:01,290 --> 00:25:05,650 |
|
minus four percent. You |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:25:05,650 --> 00:25:09,370 |
|
just only observe the changes in the prices, okay. |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:25:09,370 --> 00:25:16,910 |
|
So the difference from tomorrow regarding today is |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:25:16,910 --> 00:25:20,490 |
|
the price decreased by minus five. Minus five is |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:25:20,490 --> 00:25:23,830 |
|
divided by the original price, which which was one |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:25:23,830 --> 00:25:28,350 |
|
to five. So minus five divided by one to five, minus |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:25:28,350 --> 00:25:31,750 |
|
four percent. It means when you listen to الجزيرة |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:25:31,750 --> 00:25:35,930 |
|
or you listen for CNBC, they are saying that the |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:25:35,930 --> 00:25:40,890 |
|
market index is decreased by four percent. يعني |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:25:40,890 --> 00:25:48,370 |
|
المؤشر انخفض four percent. لكن هذا ليس بسيط كما |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:25:48,370 --> 00:25:53,930 |
|
تعتقدون لأن هناك تطورات في الطريق أو في الأسلوب |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:25:53,930 --> 00:25:57,630 |
|
كيف يقوموا بتخصيص اتجارات السوق. ولكن في هذا |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:25:57,630 --> 00:26:01,610 |
|
المستقبل أو في هذه القصة فقط لدينا تقريب كيف |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:26:01,610 --> 00:26:06,460 |
|
يقوموا بتخصيص اتجارات السوق. ما تفكروش أنه هذا هو ال |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:26:06,460 --> 00:26:10,100 |
|
... هيك الطريقة النهائية. يعني هذي the first time |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:26:10,100 --> 00:26:13,240 |
|
they calculate. أول مرة حسبوها بهذه الطريقة هذي. |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:18,940 |
|
Then they develop these calculations. طوروا فيها... |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:26:18,940 --> 00:26:21,560 |
|
بقى. This is the... the main idea of how calculate |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:26:21,560 --> 00:26:24,420 |
|
the market indices. ما هو اسمه ال price weight is |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:26:24,420 --> 00:26:28,160 |
|
different لأنه يساعد كل دمال الشركة بتطلع ال price |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:26:28,160 --> 00:26:32,520 |
|
weight is because the index is built on the price |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:26:33,400 --> 00:26:39,600 |
|
لأن طريقة الحسبة على السعر and not considering the |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:43,260 |
|
number of shares. وماعتمدتش على number of shares |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:26:43,260 --> 00:26:48,280 |
|
على عدد الأسهم. Just only focus on the price. بس ركز |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:26:48,280 --> 00:26:53,480 |
|
على ال price. This |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:57,980 |
|
is the portfolio if it includes two stocks and if |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:26:57,980 --> 00:27:01,160 |
|
the market includes two stocks and if we calculate |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:27:01,160 --> 00:27:05,710 |
|
the index in the same or in the similar way. إذا |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:27:05,710 --> 00:27:11,210 |
|
احنا حابين نحسب ال index بال similar way. مؤشر, look |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:27:11,210 --> 00:27:18,610 |
|
at here, we here we we use two stocks. So we ignore |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:27:18,610 --> 00:27:22,710 |
|
the average. احنا جهلنا ال average. So we amend the |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:27:22,710 --> 00:27:25,470 |
|
average by using the index. بس انه احنا بنعمل |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:27:25,470 --> 00:27:30,070 |
|
amending. بنعمل amending يعني يعني كأنه احنا قلنا |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:27:30,070 --> 00:27:34,550 |
|
قداش أنا بعت الطلاب الفصل هذا العلامات الطلاب جمعنا |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:27:34,550 --> 00:27:40,460 |
|
كل العلامات. قلنا العلامات الفينطيب و الفاصل الماضي |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:27:40,460 --> 00:27:43,680 |
|
كام؟ ألف وتسعمائة. إذا فيه زيادة مية، هاي الطريقة |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:27:43,680 --> 00:27:46,320 |
|
الطريقة التانية لأ إحنا بنحسب... بنقول قداش ال |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:27:46,320 --> 00:27:50,620 |
|
average تبع الطلاب الفاصل الفاتر و كام ال average |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:27:50,620 --> 00:27:54,080 |
|
تبع الطلاب الفاصل التاني وبالتالي لازم إحنا ن... ن |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:27:54,080 --> 00:27:58,260 |
|
... نحسب خمسة وعشرين twenty five plus one hundred |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:27:58,260 --> 00:28:01,540 |
|
divided by two. Why two? Because we only have two |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:28:01,540 --> 00:28:04,880 |
|
companies. نستطيع أن نقلها إلى 3 إذا كان لدينا ثلاث |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:28:04,880 --> 00:28:10,740 |
|
شركات، لذلك نستطيع أن نقلها إلى N باستخدام N كمية |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:28:10,740 --> 00:28:14,660 |
|
الشركات. نقلها |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:28:14,660 --> 00:28:22,540 |
|
إلى 25 مرة ونقلها |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:28:22,540 --> 00:28:29,220 |
|
إلى 2 مرة ونقلها إلى 2 مرة. So one two five divided |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:28:29,220 --> 00:28:34,180 |
|
by two, it is sixty two point five. And this is |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:28:34,180 --> 00:28:39,720 |
|
sixty. Why we divided by two? Because we only have |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:28:39,720 --> 00:28:43,000 |
|
two companies. If we have three, we divided by three. |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:48,140 |
|
If we have thirty, we divided by thirty. عدد الشركات |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:28:48,140 --> 00:28:51,060 |
|
مش الأسهم, not the number of shares, be careful. |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:28:55,200 --> 00:28:59,940 |
|
Yes, two companies or two stocks to simplify it. |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:28:59,940 --> 00:29:03,720 |
|
يعني يا أما شركتين يا أما سهمين بس. Okay, so we |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:29:03,720 --> 00:29:06,580 |
|
ignoring the number of shares so far. نتجاهل عدد |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:29:06,580 --> 00:29:10,320 |
|
الأسهم لحد اللحظة هذه. Okay, very simple |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:29:10,320 --> 00:29:17,800 |
|
calculations. طيب هلأ ستين minus sixty two point |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:29:17,800 --> 00:29:28,930 |
|
five, which is -2.5. مقارنة بالتغيير الأصلي 62.5 |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:29:28,930 --> 00:29:34,970 |
|
مقارنة بالتغيير |
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:29:34,970 --> 00:29:39,010 |
|
الأصلي |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:29:39,010 --> 00:29:41,750 |
|
62.5. مقارنة بالتغيير الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة |
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:29:41,750 --> 00:29:41,910 |
|
الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة بالتغيير الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:29:41,910 --> 00:29:42,110 |
|
62.5. مقارنة بالتغيير الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:29:42,110 --> 00:29:43,410 |
|
الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة بالتغيير الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة |
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:29:43,410 --> 00:29:50,370 |
|
بالتغيير الأصلي 62.5. مقارنة |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:29:50,370 --> 00:29:51,870 |
|
بالتغيير الأصل |
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:29:55,300 --> 00:29:58,840 |
|
هو يجب أن يكون السعر ليس السعر بل السعر الوضعي. |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:29:58,840 --> 00:30:04,020 |
|
هذا |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:30:04,020 --> 00:30:10,180 |
|
هو السعر الوضعي. هذه الطريقة هي السعر الوضعي لذا |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:30:10,180 --> 00:30:15,840 |
|
يمكنك تخطيط هذا على الميزانية تخطيطات بسيطة أو |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:30:15,840 --> 00:30:22,700 |
|
تخطيطات بسيطة أو تخطيطات بسيطة إذا أعطيك مثلا 30 |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:26,900 |
|
شركات وانت فقط تقيمها بالـ 30 و ترى التغيير في |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:30:26,900 --> 00:30:34,500 |
|
السعر على هذا الهدف على سبيل المثال S&P500 كما |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:30:34,500 --> 00:30:41,040 |
|
أشرحت في الأول 5-10 دقيقة تحتوي على أكبر من 500 |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:30:41,040 --> 00:30:45,760 |
|
شركات في New York Stock Exchange. Okay, the largest |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:49,080 |
|
the largest based on the market capitalization |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:30:49,080 --> 00:30:51,980 |
|
what it means market capitalization القيمة السوقية |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:30:51,980 --> 00:30:56,340 |
|
يعني حسب القيمة السوقية and the market |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:30:56,340 --> 00:30:58,880 |
|
capitalization is available for the every |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:30:58,880 --> 00:31:01,760 |
|
investors. كل investor ممكن يحصل على market |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:31:01,760 --> 00:31:07,290 |
|
capitalization and to calculate the index. لكن الـ S |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:31:07,290 --> 00:31:14,090 |
|
&P ليس قيمة مثل داو جونز، داو جونز قيمة حسب القيمة |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:19,890 |
|
السوقية. ولكن الـ S&P كما قلت قبل أننا لدينا أشياء مختلفة من |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:31:19,890 --> 00:31:24,610 |
|
القيمة، الأول هو قيمة القيمة والثاني هو قيمة السوق |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:31:26,390 --> 00:31:29,710 |
|
So the market value weighted. طريقة احتساب الـ value |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:31:29,710 --> 00:31:32,430 |
|
weighted is little different than the price |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:31:32,430 --> 00:31:35,830 |
|
weighted. يعني بتختلف في شيء بسيط. it just consider |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:31:35,830 --> 00:31:38,910 |
|
the number of shares. يعني بس بتاخد بعين الاعتبار |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:31:38,910 --> 00:31:44,050 |
|
عدد الأسهم. okay |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:31:44,050 --> 00:31:47,370 |
|
the |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:31:47,370 --> 00:31:55,950 |
|
market weighted. go back to the. go back |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:04,320 |
|
نعود لبيج 45 |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:32:04,320 --> 00:32:09,060 |
|
نعود |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:32:09,060 --> 00:32:16,280 |
|
لبيج 45. تعود تعود عندما تذهب إلى المنزل تعود لبيج |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:32:16,280 --> 00:32:22,240 |
|
45. في سبيل المثال 2.2. ميزة ميزة ميزة ميزة ميزة |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:32:22,240 --> 00:32:22,300 |
|
ميزة ميزة ميزة ميزة ميزة ميزة ميزة |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:32:27,310 --> 00:32:31,710 |
|
على سبيل المثال 2.2 هو السعر الوزراء الذي أشرحته |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:32:31,710 --> 00:32:39,630 |
|
لك. بنفسك تحاول تقرأ سبيل 2.3 وهو قيمة وزراء فقط |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:32:39,630 --> 00:32:44,590 |
|
تضيف رقم الشركات وقرأها. إذا لم تفهم في المجلس |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:32:44,590 --> 00:32:52,810 |
|
القادم سأشرح لك معلومات أكثر عن هذا قد |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:32:52,810 --> 00:32:59,000 |
|
يكون لديك مشكلة في فهم قيمة السوق. and this problem |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:03,260 |
|
may raise up because of the stock split. you know |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:33:03,260 --> 00:33:07,240 |
|
what it means stock split. stock split. stock split |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:33:07,240 --> 00:33:11,280 |
|
اللي هو التوزيع أو بيسموها تجزئة السهم. سمعتوا في |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:33:11,280 --> 00:33:15,760 |
|
تجزئة السهم بالمحاسبة. in accounting stock splits |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:20,820 |
|
بالـ accounting أو بالـ management stock splits. ان |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:33:20,820 --> 00:33:23,700 |
|
احنا ممكن يكون الـ investors have one hundred |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:33:23,700 --> 00:33:28,690 |
|
shares. and when the company do stock splits it |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:33:28,690 --> 00:33:35,850 |
|
becomes like two hundreds. stock splits اللي |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:33:35,850 --> 00:33:41,390 |
|
هو تجزئة السهم. الشركات بتلجأ لتجزئة السهم في بعض |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:33:41,390 --> 00:33:44,990 |
|
الحالات. ممكن يكون في زيادة في رأس المال عندهم. so |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:33:44,990 --> 00:33:49,170 |
|
they do stock splits. بيعمل تجزئة للسهم. so one |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:33:49,170 --> 00:33:55,670 |
|
stock may equal two stocks. ممكن يساوي سهمين. when |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:33:55,670 --> 00:33:58,810 |
|
the company do stock splits. لما الشركة تعمل stock |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:33:58,810 --> 00:34:02,850 |
|
splits. if you hold one hundred shares it becomes |
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:34:02,850 --> 00:34:07,750 |
|
two hundreds. try to read around the stock splits |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:34:07,750 --> 00:34:11,470 |
|
حاولوا تقرؤوا حوالين الـ stock splits. okay and next |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:34:11,470 --> 00:34:14,690 |
|
meeting I will try to give you details. حاولوا |
|
|
|
425 |
|
00:34:14,690 --> 00:34:20,670 |
|
تقرؤوا إيش معنى اسم الـ stock splits بالضبط. اه لكن |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:34:20,670 --> 00:34:26,130 |
|
بيصير الـ market price متخفض. اقرؤوا |
|
|
|
427 |
|
00:34:26,130 --> 00:34:28,290 |
|
عشان المرة الجاية اعمل لكم more explanation about |
|
|
|
428 |
|
00:34:28,290 --> 00:34:36,470 |
|
this. طيب I give you example about other indexes |
|
|
|
429 |
|
00:34:36,470 --> 00:34:39,910 |
|
like New York Stock Exchange. like NASDAQ. هذا مؤشر |
|
|
|
430 |
|
00:34:39,910 --> 00:34:44,710 |
|
الأسهم الصناعية. Wilshire 5000's. عندنا Nikkei تبع |
|
|
|
431 |
|
00:34:44,710 --> 00:34:49,330 |
|
اليابان. و عندنا الفوتسيفوتسي one hundred. سوق الـ .. |
|
|
|
432 |
|
00:34:49,330 --> 00:34:52,990 |
|
لندن. السوق الـ exchange. وعنا dags طبعا ألمانيا. وفي |
|
|
|
433 |
|
00:34:52,990 --> 00:34:57,610 |
|
عندنا hang sing هونج كونج. هدول تعرفوا أن في مؤشرات |
|
|
|
434 |
|
00:34:57,610 --> 00:35:00,690 |
|
مش بس في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. في مؤشرات حتى |
|
|
|
435 |
|
00:35:00,690 --> 00:35:04,390 |
|
عندنا في سوق فلسطين. ايه فيه مؤشر. إيش بيسميه؟ مؤشر |
|
|
|
436 |
|
00:35:04,390 --> 00:35:09,630 |
|
مؤشر القدس. okay. مؤشر السوق الفلسطيني اسمه مؤشر |
|
|
|
437 |
|
00:35:09,630 --> 00:35:15,630 |
|
القدس. فكل سوق لازم يكون له مؤشر. نجف |
|
|
|
438 |
|
00:35:15,630 --> 00:35:16,270 |
|
عند هذا الحد |
|
|