Datasets:

Kishor798
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text_to_speech_dataset

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	For some people, this room might be
	the scariest place on Earth.
	Behind these black curtains are deadly spiders.
	Hundreds of them.
	And what we're gonna do is poke them, make them angry,
	and then suction the venom that appears
	at the end of their really long fangs.
	This is about as close as I ever want to get to a funnel.
	And we're doing it for a very good reason.
	This is a funnel web spider.
	They live around Sydney,
	which just happens to be one of Australia's biggest cities.
	And they build underground burrows,
	which are distinctive because of the funnel shape
	of the web at the entrance, hence the name funnel web.
	But because they feel safe in dark, cool places,
	they can end up having unexpected run-ins with people.
	What happens is during the breeding season,
	the male funnel web will leave his burrow
	and he moves around only at night
	looking for the females.
	But sometimes he gets a bit adventurous
	and he might leave his burrow, go too far from it.
	And so in the morning, once the sun starts to come up,
	he's too far from his burrow to go back to it.
	So he kind of has a little freak out
	and has to find somewhere temporary
	to hide out during the day.
	And so what he'll do is he'll head into a nice, dark,
	safe spot like a pile of clothing
	or a pair of shoes on the ground.
	You'll often see Australians bang their shoes together
	before putting them on just in case.
	If you are unlucky enough to get bitten,
	it'll be painful because their fangs
	can be up to one centimeter long.
	That's longer than many snake fangs.
	And the venom delivered is fast acting and deadly.
	We only milk the males
	because they are six times more toxic.
	So the male's venom actually produces
	a higher quality antivenom.
	So the fastest time that we've seen an adult die
	from a male funnel web spider was about 76 minutes.
	So just over an hour.
	So it's a very fast acting, rapid venom.
	Ideally, you wanna stay calm, still
	and apply a pressure immobilization bandage
	and then get to the hospital as soon as possible.
	The venom contains a mixture of proteins,
	notably the Delta hexatoxin.
	As it travels through your bloodstream,
	you'll begin to sweat, twitch, salivate and get goosebumps.
	This is because the venom acts on nerve cells, neurons.
	Under normal conditions,
	neurotransmitters trigger neurons to open ion gates
	and positively charged sodium ions flood in.
	The dramatic swing from negative to positive
	triggers the release of neurotransmitters to the next neuron.
	And then the ion gates close
	and the cell returns to its resting state.
	But funnel web venom stops the ion channels from closing.
	So the neuron unleashes a flood of neurotransmitters
	like adrenaline throughout the nervous system.
	So muscles normally under precise control
	receive rapid chaotic signals,
	causing them to tense up or spasm,
	which is a big problem for the heart,
	which begins to pump faster, raising blood pressure
	and spreading the venom further around the body.
	And eventually your body runs out of neurotransmitters.
	Without them, nerve cells can no longer tell muscles
	what to do, so you're effectively paralyzed.
	And it's only a matter of time before your heart
	or your lungs give out.
	Humans are particularly unlucky.
	Funnel web venom is not that deadly to most mammals.
	If something like your dog or your cat or a rabbit
	gets bitten by a male funnel web spider even,
	even the male, they'll show very few symptoms.
	And then you could also be bitten by the exact same spider
	and be in a very severe way.
	And that's because the effects of venom
	are very species specific.
	Delta hexatoxin binds to a specific site
	of the sodium ion channels in primates, which causes chaos.
	But that same spot isn't there in other mammals.
	The lethality of this venom in humans
	seems to be an accident.
	It only affects invertebrates, which are their prey,
	and also primates.
	So it's really toxic to monkeys and apes.
	And of course we are extremely badly affected by that.
	The first people arrived on the continent
	around 70,000 years ago.
	But this spider evolved 40 million years ago.
	And it just happens to be extremely deadly to people.
	So it seems like an unfortunate coincidence
	that venom originally evolved for effectiveness
	against insects turns out to be deadly for us.