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97,510,173 | {
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"DOI": "10.1149/1.2113828",
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} | Determination par la methode des forces electromotrices en circuit ouvert, du nombre de transport moyen pour les ions, E i , dans le cas des cristaux de quartz, de silice vitreuse et de silice amorphe formees sur du silicium au cours d'un traitement thermique. On montre que dans tous les cas etudiees t i augmente avec la temperature entre 550°C et 950°C | 2022-09-13T20:48:22.480Z |
99,262,456 | {
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"DOI": "10.1590/S0366-69132010000200011",
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} | The titanium dioxide presents good properties as a photocatalyst material for application in processes of photocatalytic degradation. However, the titanium dioxide should be anchored on a suitable support. The use of red ceramic as supporting material can be an alternative very interesting due to the its low cost and ease of manufacturing. In this work was studied via X-ray diffraction the phase transformation anatase-rutile at different temperatures for supported titanium dioxide in red ceramic substrate prepared with kaolinitic clays from the Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ region. The results showed that the effect of the sintering temperature was promoting the structural change of the phase more photoactive (anatase) for the less photoactive (rutile). At 700 oC about 50% of the anatase phase is retained for supported titanium dioxide in red ceramic substrate, independently of the clay type used. | 2022-09-24T04:22:54.591Z |
137,494,308 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/PEN.11753",
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} | Co-rotating twin-screw extruders are widely used for compounding and blending in polymer processing. In a modular machine, the dominant elements determining dispersive mixing efficiency are the kneading discs. A fluid dynamics analysis package - FIDAP, using the finite element method was implemented to simulate the 3-D isothermal flow patterns in the kneading disc region of a Werner & Pfleiderer ZSK-53 co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The kneading discs simulated are three-lobe discs. The flow field characteristics relevant for dispersive mixing are shear stresses generated and elongational flow components. We compare these flow characteristics for the three-lobe kneading discs of the ZSK-53 with the two-lobe discs of a ZSK-30 machine. We also discuss the influence of processing parameters on the flow field mixing efficiency. | 2022-09-15T19:46:08.891Z |
237,504,194 | {
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"DOI": "10.4102/sajhivmed.v22i1.1252",
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"url": "https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/download/1252/2508"
} | Background Studies have associated HIV with an increased risk of obstructive lung disease (OLD). Objectives We aimed to identify the predictive factors for impaired lung function in an urban, African, HIV-positive population. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in Johannesburg, South Africa, from July 2016 to November 2017. A questionnaire was administered and pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry conducted. The predictors investigated included age, sex, antiretroviral treatment (ART) duration, body mass index, history of tuberculosis (TB) or pneumonia, occupational exposure, environmental exposure, smoking and symptoms of OLD (cough, wheeze, mucus and dyspnoea). Impaired lung function was defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio of < 0.70, or below the 20th percentile of normal. Results The 98 ART-naïve participants (mean age = 34.0, standard deviation [s.d.] = 8.2), 85 participants on first-line ART (mean age = 36.9, s.d. = 6.6) and 189 participants on second-line ART (mean age = 43.5, s.d. = 7.9) were predominantly female (65.6%). Of the participants, 64 (17.2%) had impaired lung function and 308 had normal lung function. Linear regression identified age (β = –0.003, P < 0.01), male sex (β = –0.016, P = 0.03) and history of TB or pneumonia (β = –0.024, P < 0.01) as independent predictors of a lower FEV1/FVC ratio. Following logistic regression, only a history of TB or pneumonia (odds ratio = 2.58, 95% confidence interval = 1.47–4.52) was significantly related to impaired lung function (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.64). Conclusion Our data show that a history of TB or pneumonia predicts impaired lung function. In order to improve timely access to spirometry, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of impaired lung function in people with a history of TB or pneumonia. | 2022-06-18T07:06:38.455Z |
232,338,474 | {
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} | INTRODUCTION
Traditionally, exploratory laparotomy was used to treat penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT). At present, minimally invasive surgery (for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes) has developed and represents a rapidly evolving modality for dealing with PAT in stable children. In this article, we aim to present our experience, evaluate the effectiveness, and report the results of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for PAT in stable pediatric patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This prospective study involved 117 hemodynamically stable pediatric cases of PAT (caused by gunshots, stab, and accidental stab), admitted, and managed according to the severity of injury. The information recorded for analysis included demographic data, the anatomical location of injury, the initial vital data and scoring systems, the organs affected, the procedures done, operative time, need for conversion to laparoscopic-assisted approach, length of hospital stay, complications, missed injury, and mortality rate.
RESULTS
Among 117 pediatric patients with PAT, 15 cases were treated conservatively and 102 cases were managed by MIS. They were 70 males and 47 females with a mean age of 7.3 ± 0.6 years (range = 1-14 years). They included 48 cases of gunshot injury, 33 cases of abdominal stab, and 36 cases of accidental stab. Laparoscopy was diagnostic (DL) in 33.3% (n = 34) and therapeutic (TL) in 66.7% (n = 68) of cases. Of the 68 TL cases, we completely managed 59 cases (86.8%) by laparoscopy, while 9 cases (13.2%) were converted to limited laparotomy. The mean operative time was 17 ± 1 minutes (range = 12-25 minutes) for DL, 85 ± 9 minutes (range = 41-143 minutes) for complete TL cases, and 89 ± 3 minutes (range = 47-149 minutes) for laparoscopic-assisted procedures. For DL cases, the mean length of hospital stay was 2 ± 0.4 days, while for complete TL cases, it was 5.4 ± 0.83 days, and for laparoscopic-assisted cases, it was 5.8 ± 0.37 days. Postoperative complications occurred in eight cases (7.84%), with five cases (4.9%) required reintervention. No missed injury or mortality was recorded in the study. The patients were followed up for a median period of 52 months.
CONCLUSION
For management of PAT in children, MIS has 100% accuracy in defining the injured organs with zero percent missed injuries. | 2022-11-23T17:16:23.242Z |
21,630,612 | {
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"DOI": "10.1074/jbc.M114.549642",
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} | Background: Cytokines are important inflammatory mediators that can affect cardiac function. Results: Treatment with IL-1β but not TNFα reduced the density of L-type Ca2+ current. Conclusion: Mechanisms underlying IL-1β effects implicate oxidative stress and PKCϵ signaling to alter L-type Ca2+ current. Significance: Elucidating the cytokine signaling pathways are important in understanding their role in heart disease. Inflammation is now widely recognized as a key component of heart disease. Patients suffering from arrhythmias and heart failure have increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Evidence suggests that these cytokines are important mediators of cardiac remodeling; however, their effects on ion channels and arrhythmogenesis remain incompletely understood. The L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL) is a major determinant of the plateau phase of cardiac action potential and has a critical excitation-contraction coupling role. Thus, altering its properties could have detrimental effects on cardiac electrical and contractile functions. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of TNFα and IL-1β on ICaL, while exploring the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes were treated with a pathophysiological concentration (30 pg/ml) of TNFα and IL-1β for 24 h. Voltage-clamp recordings showed that TNFα had no effect on ICaL, whereas IL-1β decreased the current density by 36%. Although both IL-1β- and TNFα-treated myocytes showed significant increase in reactive oxidative species (ROS), Western blot experiments revealed that only IL-1β increased PKCϵ membrane translocation. The antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine normalized ROS levels and restored ICaL density. Furthermore, the PKCϵ translocation inhibitor ϵ-V1-2 blocked the effect of IL-1β on ICaL. The reduction of ICaL by IL-1β was also seen in cultured adult ventricular myocytes. Overall, chronic IL-1β treatment decreased ICaL density in cardiomyocytes. These effects implicated ROS signaling and PKCϵ activation. These findings could contribute to explain the role of IL-1β in the development of arrhythmia and heart failure. | 2022-12-19T16:14:44.326Z |
35,877,554 | {
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"DOI": "10.1093/QJE/121.1.79",
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} | We examine how people form social networks among their peers. We use a unique dataset that tells us the volume of email between any two people in the sample. The data are from students and recent graduates of Dartmouth College. First year students interact with peers in their immediate proximity and form long term friendships with a subset of these people. This result is consistent with a model in which the expected value of interacting with an unknown person is low (making traveling solely to meet new people unlikely), while the benefits from interacting with the same person repeatedly are high. Geographic proximity and race are greater determinants of social interaction than are common interests, majors, or family background. Two randomly chosen white students interact three times more often than do a black student and a white student. However, placing the black and white student in the same freshman dorm increases their frequency of interaction by a factor of three. A traditional "linear in group means" model of peer ability is only a reasonable approximation to the ability of actual peers chosen when we form the groups around all key factors including distance, race and cohort. | 2022-12-27T20:12:12.083Z |
40,012,238 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/1091581820953123",
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} | The phosphoglycerides considered in this safety assessment are reported to function primarily as skin and hair conditioning agents, emulsifying agents, and surfactants in cosmetic products and are used up to a maximum reported concentration of 50%. Although phospholipids exert physiologic effects, these are not reproduced by application of phospholipid ingredients to the skin. Given the possibility that Lecithin may be derived from animal sources, it should be noted that the Food and Drug Administration does not permit the use of ingredients made from bovine specified risk materials in cosmetic products. The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety concluded that the 17 phosphoglycerides are safe in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics, as described in this safety assessment. | 2022-12-29T18:00:02.646Z |
155,955,048 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/1323238X.2010.11910882",
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} | Myanmar's new Constitution contains provisions that ostensibly protect fundamental freedoms. These provisions have been criticised because they permit the government to limit freedoms for reasons such as ‘national security’ and ‘public order’. After pointing out that such limitations are commonplace, this article explores whether the limitations may counterintuitively provide greater constitutional protection than if they were not there. The Constitution's limitation clauses, some of which are strikingly similar to those in international human rights instruments, arguably trigger internationally established parameters that in essence limit the limitations. The article examines the significance of these ‘limits on limits’ to the legal system of Myanmar, while keeping in mind that any practical impact of international standards on the country remains unrealistic for the near future. | 2022-01-24T18:18:25.147Z |
243,027,004 | {
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"url": "https://osf.io/48nv3/"
} | SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN | 2022-01-24T18:48:38.179Z |
96,833,646 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/PSSA.2211140258",
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} | Etude du pouvoir thermoelectrique du systeme Pb 1-x Bi x Te en fonction de la temperature et de la compostion x, avec O≤x≤0.01. Les compositions x>0,003 sont fortement degenerees, et on y confirme la probable formation de complexes electriquement neutres | 2022-02-10T14:01:37.570Z |
161,318,244 | {
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"DOI": "10.29173/AF6618",
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} | En 1977, au moment ou il inaugure son enseignement au College de France, Roland Barthes s’interroge sur le pouvoir et le savoir. Il propose une definition volontairement provocatrice de la langue comme « fasciste » et constate qu’il faut « tricher avec la langue » et « tricher la langue », pour entendre la « langue hors-pouvoir » : « Cette tricherie salutaire, cette esquive, ce leurre magnifique, qui permet d’entendre la langue hors-pouvoir, dans sa splendeur d’une revolution permanente du langage, je l’appelle pour ma part : litterature. » (15) La litterature est donc et doit etre un merveilleux terrain d’experimentation. Nous proposons d’analyser dans cet article l’œuvre d’ecrivaines algeriennes dont la langue maternelle est l’arabe parle, l’arabe feminin, et qui ecrivent en francais, qui est la langue de l’ecole et la langue qu’elles « trichent » pour entendre « la langue hors-pouvoir » (Assia Djebar, Malika Mokeddem). Nous analysons aussi l’œuvre de l’ecrivaine tunisienne Nine Moati, qui perpetue dans ses textes le souvenir de son pere Serge Moati.
Abstract:
In 1977, when he gave his inaugural lecture at the College de France, Roland Barthes spoke about power and knowledge. He proposes a deliberately provocative definition of language as “fascist” and realises that we must “trick with the language”, “trick the language”, in order to understand “speech outside the bounds of power” (461): “This salutary trickery, this evasion, this grand imposture that allows us to understand speech outside the bounds of power, in the splendour of a permanent revolution of language, I for one call literature.” (462) Literature is and must be a wonderful field of experimentation. I will analyse in this article the work of female Algerian authors whose mother tongue is Arabic but who have chosen French, the language they “trick” to understand “speech outside the bounds of power” (Assia Djebar, Malika Mokeddem). I will also examine the work of the Tunisian writer Nine Moati, who perpetuates in her texts the memory of her father Serge Moati. | 2022-06-07T15:21:23.895Z |
41,613,462 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/002076409103700307",
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} | This study investigates variables that predict marital satisfaction in a group of San Francisco Chinese-Americans. Using Campbell, Converse and Rodgers' model of satisfaction as a framework (1976), 41% of the variance of marital satisfaction is accounted for with objective demographics and subjective assessments of mar riage components derived from the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale items. Chinese-Americans are generally satisfied with their marriage, with men reporting higher satisfaction levels than women. Agreement on life aims and moral behaviour emerges as the most important predictor of marital quality. In addition, for men, agreement in relating to in-laws and friends is also found to be a significant predictor of marriage satisfaction. | 2022-09-09T08:05:32.267Z |
39,578,809 | {
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"DOI": "10.1103/physrevlett.70.2818",
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"url": "https://research.aalto.fi/files/14399863/PhysRevLett.70.2818.pdf"
} | We have measured the dynamic susceptibility of polycrystalline rhodium foils down to 280 pK and up to -750 pK. These record-low and -high nuclear spin temperatures were reached by adiabatic demagnetization using initial polarizatons of 83% and -60%. At T>0, the static susceptibility, integrated from NMR spectra, displays an antiferromagnetic Curie-Weiss law, with θ=-1.8±0.3 nK. At T<0, a crossover from ferro- to antiferromagnetic tendency is found around -6 nK. We obtain J nn /h=-17±3 Hz and J nn /h=10±3 Hz if only nearest and next nearest neighbor interactions are assumed | 2022-11-25T01:03:59.141Z |
220,571,662 | {
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} | This complication, particularly of chronic illness, is extremely difficult to manage. However, it can often be avoided by proper attention to nursing procedures. The doctor too often neglects important prophylactic measures. | 2022-12-10T04:46:55.692Z |
227,221,285 | {
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} | Designers are turning toward hardware specialization through the use of application-specific accelerators to provide energy-efficiency and performance. We propose an early detection methodology to identify computationally similar and synthesize-able kernels that are used to build Shared Accelerators (SAs). SAs are specialized hardware accelerators that execute very different software kernels but share the common hardware functions between them. SAs can provide increased coverage if both data flow and control flow similarities between - seemingly very different- workloads are detected. This work leverages abstract syntax trees (ASTs) generated from clang (part of LLVM) to discover similar kernels among workloads. ASTs provide a level of abstraction well suited to detect commonalities between kernels. Our methodology, ReconfAST, transforms the AST into a new clustered AST (CAST) representation that further removes unneeded nodes and uses a regular expression to match common node configurations. The approach is validated using Mach-Suite, a HLS-ified benchmark suite designed for accelerators in C. A good Shared Accelerator accelerates workloads—with similar speedup compared to dedicated accelerators—and reduces the resources required for FPGA implementations. SAs constructed with our ReconfAST methodology provide an average speedup of 1.6x. ReconfAST also reduces FPGA resources, we saw a maximum reduction of above 200% in DSP, 75% reduction for LUTs, and 40% reduction for FFs compared to smallest DAs. | 2022-12-12T04:04:17.151Z |
152,258,003 | {
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} | The current article challenges the cultural stereotypes surrounding the behaviors men and women use to accomplish their goals, with a specific emphasis on competitive behavior. Using the Connective Leadership Model, we offer an in-depth look at both how men and women differ in competitive leadership behaviors both across generations and time. The paper analyzed data gathered from the 1980-2015, utilizing the L-BL Achieving Styles Inventory (ASI). Examining over 10,000 responses from U.S. upper- and middle-level managers and first-line supervisors, across industries, the results provide valuable insights into recent gender patterns. Our findings suggest that men appear to be responding to the social expansion of their behavioral choices by placing competitive behavior increasingly lower than other options and lower than they have in the past. Yet, men still engage in more competitive behavior than women. Curiously, Millennials of both sexes reported a counter-intuitive uptick in competitive behavior. The current study offers important insights not only for leadership scholars, but for present and future leaders seeking to understand the influence of gender on the changing face of competitive leadership behavior. | 2022-12-21T01:06:33.447Z |
193,561,959 | {
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} | The idea for the film Vakhtangov and the Russian Theatre began with the premiere of the film Stanislavsky and the Russian Theatre. At the end of the premiere it was suggested that a film about Vakhtangov would be a good follow up to this film in addition to my previous film Meyerhold, Theatre and the Russian Avant-garde. I didn’t give it much thought at the time but in subsequent conversations with Paul Fryer of Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance, the question kept cropping up. When I got back to Moscow I began some preliminary research without really feeling any sense of commitment to making a film but merely for my own interest. At the time I was engaged in other work and so I hadn’t enough time to take on such a project with any kind of serious intention. All the same I collected material and kept the idea for a film in the back of my mind. The summer of the same year, 2011 I was invited to spend some time at a friend’s dacha set deep in a cool pine forest not far from Moscow. | 2022-01-27T19:51:06.823Z |
119,205,754 | {
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"DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.81.060403",
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} | We study the finite temperature nature of a quantum phase transition between an Abelian and a non-Abelian topological phase in an exactly solvable model of a chiral spin liquid [1]. By virtue of the exact solvability, this model can serve as a testbed for developing better measures for describing topological quantum phase transitions. We characterize this phase transition in terms of the global flux and entanglement entropy, and discuss to what extent the existence of a topologically ordered ground state with non-Abelian excitations is revealed at finite temperature. | 2022-06-20T11:10:19.784Z |
213,437,511 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/acs.cgd.9b01459",
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} | Hydrates are common in pharmaceutical development, and the formation of hydrates affects the performance of the final product. However, the role that water plays in crystal packing remains unclear.... | 2022-07-12T17:05:21.422Z |
72,438,454 | {
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} | EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION IN THE AMERICAS: UPDATE Jean-Marc Olive;Claudio da Silveira;Peter Carrasco;Ciro de Quadros; Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice | 2022-09-08T03:48:19.252Z |
44,037,183 | {
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} | The interpersonal behavior therapy, Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) has been empirically investigated and described in the literature for a little over a decade. Still, little has been written about the process of supervision in FAP. While there are many aspects of FAP supervision shared by other contemporary behavior therapies and psychotherapy in general, there are unique aspects of FAP supervision that warrant a more elaborate discussion. The present article provides a brief summary of FAP and then details some of the essential skills required of FAP therapists. Client and therapist conceptualizations can be developed in FAP supervision to help train supervisees in behavioral terminology and identify strengths and weaknesses in the therapist’s repertoire. The process of FAP supervision is described with an emphasis on the importance of utilizing the hypothesized mechanism of clinical change, in vivo contingent responding to problem and improved behaviors. This live insupervision process of creating a more effective therapist repertoire remains at the heart of FAP training. FAP supervision in group format is addressed as are ethical and professional issues related to the demarcation of interpersonal supervision and the therapist-in-training’s own psychotherapy. An approach to the assessment of changes in therapist skills over the course of supervision is presented. | 2022-09-12T10:30:52.227Z |
153,579,652 | {
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} | A great deal has been written recently in the practitioner press about the strategic importance and usage of social media. However, as practitioners only release limited information about the internal advantages such a tool provides, research in this emerging field remains extremely limited about its usage in the sales area. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to propose and empirically assess a model of social media usage among business-to-business (B2B) salespeople. A survey of 273 B2B salespeople was conducted and then analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results support the hypothesized model suggesting that age negatively affects social media usage, while social media norms positively affect it. Social media usage positively affects sales performance. Customer-oriented selling was not found to be positively related to social media usage, but does have a positive effect on sales performance. This study was conducted by e-mail, and as a result, there might be an existing bias towards respondents who already embrace some usage of an online communication method, indicating overall usage, acceptance, and application of social media may be lower than reported. A potential research agenda offers opportunities for both theoretical development and empirical assessment in social media research. The findings provide an important foundation to advance academic sales research and demonstrate a needed understanding of how to operationally utilize social media to improve outcome performance. This is one of the few studies empirically examining social media usage among B2B salespeople. | 2022-12-20T01:48:57.152Z |
21,721,543 | {
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"DOI": "10.3389/fimmu.2018.01064",
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"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01064/pdf"
} | Studies performed in animal models and in humans indicate that the innate arm of the immune system provides an essential role in the initial protection against potential insults and in maintaining tolerance to self-antigens. In the B cell compartment, several subsets engage in both adaptive and innate functions. Whereas B cell subsets are recognized to play important roles in autoimmune diseases, understanding the intricacies of their effector functions remains challenging. In addition to B-1a cells and marginal zone B cells, the B cell compartment comprises other B cells with innate-like functions, including innate response activator B cells, T-bet positive B cells, natural killer-like B cells, IL-17-producing B cells, and human self-reactive VH4-34-expressing B cells. Herein, we summarize the functions of recently described B cell populations that can exert innate-like roles in both animal models and humans. We also highlight the importance of the cross talk between innate-like B cells and other adaptive and innate branches of the immune system in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In as much as innate immunity seems to be important in resolving inflammation, it is possible that targeting certain innate-like B cell subsets could represent a novel therapeutic approach for inducing resolution of inflammation of autoimmune and inflammatory responses. | 2022-12-24T18:08:26.556Z |
2,123,527 | {
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"url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.540"
} | The generation of creative visual imagery contributes to technological and scientific innovation and production of visual art. The underlying cognitive and neural processes are, however, poorly understood. | 2022-12-28T17:58:14.449Z |
219,929,359 | {
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"DOI": "10.23954/osj.v5i2.2424",
"MAG": "3033264104",
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},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://osjournal.org/ojs/index.php/OSJ/article/download/2424/288"
} | Subject combinations at A-level in Ugandan Senior Secondary Schools have made or marred the future career of many prospective students, many students have ended up doing courses they had not planned to do because they made wrong choices at their A-level. This recommender system offers the decision-making process for students based on their subject performance coupled with interest, passion, skills and talents to enable them make right choices. It is person-centred and there are three (3) main actors: the student (who are interested in making appropriate career choice), the documents (which contains available information about interest and passion, skills and talents and subject performances) and access metrics (which aids the student of A-level in extracting knowledge from available resources). A hybrid matrix factorization model using ANFIS and R were used to represents students and subjects as linear combinations derived from their characteristics and interactions, this is combined with rule-based model to offer a unified approach of presenting any student with a list of subjects that will lead to prospective career choices. This offer higher predictive accuracy in career choice matchmaking and overcoming challenges of parental influence, peer influence and others while expanding opportunities of career guidance in Uganda. | 2022-02-08T01:28:51.374Z |
13,781,495 | {
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"DOI": "10.4236/APM.2013.33044",
"MAG": "1981552913",
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} | We examine variations of the harmonic series by grouping terms into “washings” that alternate sign with the number of terms in a washing growing exponentially with respect to a fixed base. The bases x = 1 and x = ∞ correspond to the alternating harmonic series and the usual harmonic series; we first consider other positive integral bases and further we consider positive real number bases with a unique way to make sense of adding a non-integral number of terms together. In both cases, we prove a remarkable result regarding the difference between the upper and lower convergent values of the series, and give some analysis of this behavior. | 2022-02-13T03:15:51.828Z |
122,763,828 | {
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"DOI": "10.1142/S0217732389001441",
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} | A new form of curvature on a 2-dimensional Regge manifold is proposed and the higher derivative quantum gravity is studied numerically by use of both a fixed and a random coordination number lattice. Results previously reported by Hamber and Williams are followed. Also checked are the stability and the absence of phase transition of the theory whose action has a cosmological term and an R2 term. | 2022-09-15T10:39:11.459Z |
245,289,944 | {
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"DOI": "10.14485/hbpr.8.6.9",
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"url": "https://doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.8.6.9"
} | Objective: School-based interventions are common approaches to address childhood obesity; however, there is little understanding of strategies that can foster their implementation into schools. In this study, we aimed to identify goals and the specific strategies selected by school nutrition directors (SNDs) in Virginia to execute school-based interventions. Methods: Between 2018 and 2019, SNDs in Virginia participated in Team Nutrition workshops through which they created action plans. We carried out a content analysis of 132 action plans collected from 100 school divisions. We developed codes deductively and inductively. The codes captured plan completion, goals, and strategies. Each plan was independently coded by 2 coders. Results: Action plans included 1.2 goals (SD = 0.54) and 3.9 strategies per goal (SD = 2.1). Goals were most commonly related to improving menus or increasing participation in the school meal programs. The strategies varied based on the goals. However, obtaining buy-in from school personnel and students was the most commonly included goal (64.4%) across plans. The level of action plan completion decreased with each subsequent section of the worksheet. Conclusions: Emerging patterns identified in this study suggest SNDs’ strategy selection is based on goals and that trainings should be tailored to promote the development of skills required to execute optimal strategies. | 2022-09-30T01:34:52.962Z |
13,956,555 | {
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"DOI": "10.1075/NI.21.2.20WOO",
"MAG": "2005963023",
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} | As the narrative turn enters its fourth decade, the task of identifying the limits of narrative and of exploring alternative approaches to interpreting the self and social world is growing in urgency. This article calls for scholars in the medical humanities to undertake this project through critically (re)engaging the work of Galen Strawson, Paul Atkinson and Crispin Sartwell. | 2022-11-18T00:41:13.427Z |
51,892,859 | {
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"DOI": "10.1248/bpb.b18-00057",
"MAG": "2887125483",
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"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/41/8/41_b18-00057/_pdf"
} | Fungal β-glucan is a potent immunological stimulator, and that it activates both the innate immune system and adaptive immunity. Curdlan is (1→3)-β-glucan, a linear form of β-glucan with a high molecular weight; it modulates the immune response. However, its role in bone tissue is controversial, and the effects of curdlan on bone tissues are unknown. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical roles in innate immunity, and various ligands for TLRs are thought to regulate the host defense mechanisms against pathogens. TLR2 is known to form heterodimers with TLR6, and the TLR2-TLR6 heterodimer (TLR2/6) recognizes diacylated lipopeptides from Gram-positive bacteria. In the present study, we prepared low molecular-weight curdlan, (1→3)-β-D-glucan, and examined its effects on bone resorption induced by TLR2/6 signaling. In co-cultures of bone marrow cells and osteoblasts, low molecular-weight curdlan suppressed the osteoclast formation induced by TLR2/6 ligand, and attenuated bone resorption in mouse calvarial organ cultures. Curdlan acted on mouse osteoblasts and suppressed the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL), a key molecule for osteoclastogenesis. Curdlan also acted on mouse bone marrow macrophages and suppressed RANKL-dependent osteoclast differentiation from osteoclast precursor cells. The present study indicates that low molecular-weight curdlan attenuated TLR2-induced inflammatory bone resorption. Curdlan, (1→3)-β-glucan may be a natural agent with beneficial effects on bone health in humans. | 2022-12-12T00:56:07.191Z |
25,514,606 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/0192623310374327",
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"status": "CLOSED",
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} | Interpretation of chemical-induced effects on the female beagle mammary gland can be difficult owing to the wide variation of normal glandular morphology. In this retrospective study, morphological features of the gland in four (proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus) phases of the cycle are described. The gland was quiescent (inactive) in proestrus and estrus. In diestrus, with the rise of progesterone, four (I–IV) distinct morphological changes were evident. In phase I, there was exuberant stromal and ductal proliferation. In phase II, there was early lobular development with branching ducts and alveolar proliferation. In phase III, there was an abundance of glandular tissue with large lobules containing secretory material, whereas phase IV had features of early regression, increased interlobular connective tissue, and eosinophilic secretions in distended ducts and acini. In early anestrus, ducts were distended, with eosinophilic secretions with alveolar regression, whereas regression was complete in late anestrus. Glandular morphology was slightly variable in the mammary chain within the same dog. Progesterone receptor expression was prominent in estrus and early diestrus, and peak estrogen receptor expression was noted in diestrus II. Expression of proliferation marker ki-67 was highest in diestrus I, followed by diestrus II. There was excellent concordance between the estrous stage and the glandular morphology. | 2022-12-21T10:19:43.362Z |
3,791,503 | {
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"DOI": "10.1210/jc.2016-2669",
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"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/102/3/858/10913294/jc.2016-2669.pdf"
} | Background
Fiber intake is associated with a reduction in the occurrence of cardiovascular events and diabetes.
Objective
To investigate whether the addition of fiber to a high-fat, high-calorie (HFHC) meal prevents proinflammatory changes induced by the HFHC meal.
Design
Ten normal fasting subjects consumed an HFHC meal with or without an additional 30 g of insoluble dietary fiber on 2 separate visits. Blood samples were collected over 5 hours, and mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated.
Results
Fiber addition to the HFHC meal significantly lowered glucose excursion in the first 90 minutes and increased insulin and C-peptide secretion throughout the 5-hour follow-up period compared with the meal alone. The HFHC meal induced increases in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations, MNC reactive oxygen species generation, and the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and CD14. The addition of fiber prevented an increase in LPS and significantly reduced the increases in ROS generation and the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, TLR-4, and CD14. In addition, the meal increased Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) messenger RNA and protein levels, which were inhibited when fiber was added.
Conclusions
The addition of fiber to a proinflammatory HFHC meal had beneficial anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects. Thus, the fiber content of the American Heart Association meal may contribute to its noninflammatory nature. If these actions of dietary fiber are sustained following long-term intake, they may contribute to fiber's known benefits in the prevention of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. | 2022-12-25T22:54:36.148Z |
12,525,289 | {
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"DOI": "10.3390/MIN6030090",
"MAG": "2509002403",
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} | Kyanite and sillimanite are two polymorphic minerals with the same formula of Al2SiO5, but different crystal structures. Despite their high economic values, selectively recovering them by flotation is a challenge. In this study, the flotation behaviors of the two minerals with sodium oleate as the collector were examined at different pH conditions. Zeta potential measurement, infrared spectroscopic measurement, chemical speciation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement were conducted to identify the underpinning mechanisms. It is found that the flotation behavior of both minerals is different under the same flotation condition. The flotation recovery of sillimanite is much higher than that of kyanite in the presence of the collector sodium oleate. Sodium oleate adsorbs onto the surfaces of kyanite and sillimanite mainly through the chemical interaction of the ionic–molecular dimers with aluminum atoms at pH 8.0. The higher sillimanite flotation recovery between the two minerals is related to the higher electrostatic charge densities of the aluminum atoms in six-fold coordination, which leads to the higher collector adsorption. | 2022-12-30T17:59:50.660Z |
244,111,951 | {
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"DOI": "10.46338/ijetae1121_25",
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"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.46338/ijetae1121_25"
} | This research explores the ideas raised through the authors Gaither and Frazier (2000). Reengineering arises when capacity needs change or market conditions change. These elements propitiate a transformation to a digital age. The digital age or digital revolution is based on new technologies and has as key factors: the Internet. Information technology. Big data. Artificial intelligence These changes and transformations force organizations to apply various reengineering plans to be able to cope with these changes and stay in the market and with their consumers. Reengineering is the fundamental change to get to the base of the organization's problems (Hammer and Champy, 1994), so it is very common for organizations to find themselves in constant changes in order to meet the demands of their markets, consumers. and competitors. The object of study of this research is to propose an autonomous system for the analysis of the banking market. Keywords— autonomous model, artificial intelligence, implementation, industrial revolution, e-commerce | 2022-01-22T04:16:11.833Z |
168,428,264 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/056943451506000206",
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} | This study creates a new model using a knowledge management approach to rank nation-states. The goal of it is to create a more accurate ranking that takes into account a broad and balanced spectrum of attributes of the nation-states including both subsistent and super knowledge. A regional knowledge distribution curve has subsistent regional knowledge on the horizontal axis and super regional knowledge on the vertical axis. The paper then uses a four-essence regional knowledge model to choose four elements that are used to construct the factors for ranking. The study provides a ranking table that uses this new ranking system. | 2022-08-26T01:19:48.144Z |
35,840,241 | {
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"DOI": "10.1093/SCHBUL/11.4.595",
"MAG": "2126220175",
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} | The author questions the assumption that family relationship should be given primacy as the validating criterion in establishing diagnostic items for the DSM-III definition of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). The presenting characteristics of clinically defined patients may be quite different from those that best describe the nonpatient relatives of schizophrenic patients encountered in genetic or high-risk studies. Since the DSM-III nomenclature is meant primarily for use in clinical settings, it must be based on symptom characteristics found in patients, not in nonpatient relatives. If the DSM-III SPD definitions are not optimal for genetic and high-risk studies, special criteria sets will be necessary for such research. | 2022-09-09T17:11:05.559Z |
94,796,085 | {
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"DOI": "10.2134/JEQ1997.00472425002600010029X",
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} | The fate of lawn care pesticides during the composting of yard trimmings is largely unknown. In this study we investigated the fate of diazinon (O,O-diethyl O-[2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl] phosphorothioate), the most widely used lawn care pesticide, during the composting of a mixture of leaves and grass (2 :1 w/w). The yard trimmings were amended with [Δ-2- 14 C] labeled diazinon (10 mg kg -1 wet wt.) and composted in a laboratory scale compost system for 54 d. During composting, 48% of the initial total organic matter (OM) was lost as CO 2 , the pH increased from 6.2 to 8.2, the oxygen uptake rate declined from 3.5 to 0.09 (mg O 2 g OM -1 h -1 ), the humification index dropped from 1.0 to 0.37, and 11% of the 14 C-diazinon was mineralized to 14 CO 2 Initially most of the added 14 C-diazinon was ether extractable (83%) but <1% was ether extractable after composting. A water extract of the finished compost contained 36% of the added 14 C. Thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses of this water extract indicated that the 14 C was in the form of 2-isopropyl-6-methyl 4-hydroxy pyrimidine (IMHP) a hydrolysis product of diazinon. The remaining 14 C was either unextractable (32%), or was associated with a high molecular weight fraction of a 0.1M NaOH/Na 4 P 2 O 7 extract of the finished compost (19%). Volatilization of diazinon was negligible (0.2%). The results show that during the composting of yard trimmings, a relatively small amount of diazinon is mineralized to CO 2 , while a majority of the diazinon is converted to potentially leachable, but less toxic IMHP, high molecular weight residues, and unextractable residues that are presumed to have low bioavailability. | 2022-09-10T12:06:21.389Z |
237,322,923 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/molecules26165083",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8398255"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/16/5083/pdf"
} | Enterococci and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are among the menacing bacterial pathogens. Novel antibiotics are urgently needed to tackle these antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. This article reports the design, synthesis, and antimicrobial studies of 30 novel pyrazole derivatives. Most of the synthesized compounds are potent growth inhibitors of planktonic Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concertation (MIC) values as low as 0.25 µg/mL. Further studies led to the discovery of several lead compounds, which are bactericidal and potent against MRSA persisters. Compounds 11, 28, and 29 are potent against S. aureus biofilms with minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values as low as 1 µg/mL. | 2022-07-27T10:54:01.326Z |
246,865,859 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5935/0004-2749.20220076",
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},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220076"
} | We report an unusual case of fulminant endogenous Clostridium septicum panophthalmitis. A 74-year-old male patient presented with sudden amaurosis in the right eye, which in a few hours, evolved into an orbital cellulitis, endophthalmitis, anterior segment ischemia, and secondary perforation of the eye. A complete diagnostic study, which included cranial and orbital contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, blood cultures, and complete blood work, were performed. No causal agent was identified. Clostridium septicum infection caused fulminant gaseous panophthalmitis. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, evisceration of the eyeball was necessary. The extension study showed a colon adenocarcinoma as the origin of the infection. Clostridium septicum panophthalmitis is a rare but aggressive orbital infection. This infection warrants the identification of a neoplastic process in the gastrointestinal tract in many cases not previously described. | 2022-12-02T11:24:32.921Z |
37,642,088 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1287/opre.28.3.844",
"MAG": "1975155693",
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},
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"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/pdf/10.1287/opre.28.3.844"
} | Moskowitz developed a useful algorithm for finding admissible decision functions by viewing the expected utility vectors over a finite number of states as the sum of component vectors and developing a recurrence approach. This paper generalizes the results to sum set situations and corrects Moskowitz's proof. | 2022-12-10T03:10:56.098Z |
220,515,933 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1101/2020.07.09.195057",
"MAG": "3041816551",
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"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2020/07/09/2020.07.09.195057.full.pdf"
} | Cells organize biochemical processes into biological condensates. P-bodies are cytoplasmic condensates enriched in factors important for mRNA degradation. P-bodies have been identified as sites of both mRNA storage and decay, but how these opposing outcomes may be achieved in condensates is unresolved. A critical step in mRNA degradation is removal of the 5’-7-methylguanosine cap by Dcp1/Dcp2, which is highly enriched in P-bodies. Dcp1/Dcp2 activity is repressed in condensates in vitro and requires the activator Edc3. Activation of decapping is amplified in condensates relative to the surrounding solution due to stabilization of an autoinhibited state in Dcp1/Dcp2. Edc3 couples a conformational change in the Dcp1/Dcp2 active site with alteration of the protein-protein interactions driving phase separation to activate decapping in condensates. The composition-dependent regulation of enzyme activity in condensates occurs over length scales ranging from microns to Ångstroms and may control the functional state of P-bodies and related phase-separated compartments. HIGHLIGHTS mRNA decapping in droplets is repressed Catalytically inert droplets are activated by a change in condensate composition A switch in enzymatic activity requires a conformational change in condensates Condensates amplify enzyme activation compared to surrounding solution | 2022-12-12T13:16:18.588Z |
121,768,896 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/001316447603600114",
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} | Theoretical problems with the factor analysis model, such as the factor indeterminacy issue, have resulted in increased interest in component analysis as an alternative. Indeed, component analysis alternatives are already in common use. It is, therefore, of interest to assess empirically some of the assumed differences between the methods. Of particular interest is the relation between component scores and "factor score estimates." The correlations between principal component scores, rescaled image scores, and three factor score estimates are investigated. Three pattern positions are considered: (1) the "canonical" position, (2) the varimax position, and (3) a position of "maximal" similarity which was achieved by procrustes rotation. The correlations between corresponding factors were near unity for both the canonical and "maximal" position. The correlations for the varimax position are slightly lower, generally in the .80 to .90 range. These results suggest there is little practical difference between principal component scores, rescaled image scores, and factor score estimates. | 2022-12-25T13:04:23.476Z |
134,428,991 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/joc.5545",
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} | The relations of both nodes of the tropical Atlantic (TA) cross‐equatorial sea surface temperature (SST) gradient (GRAD) mode to the climate of northeast Brazil (NEB) during the 1901–2012 period are examined separately. The GRAD mode consists of a SST anomalous pattern anti‐symmetric about the equator with centres in the region of the northeasterly and southwesterly trade winds. The positive GRAD (PGRAD) (negative GRAD [NGRAD]) modes defined by their northern or southern nodes are considered separately, as well as, if they are preceded or not by an El Niño (EN) (a La Niña, LN). The PGRAD mode defined by the northern (southern) node and preceded by an EN is indicated by PGRAD_TNA_EN (PGRAD_TSA_EN), and that not preceded by an EN is indicated by PGRAD_TNA (PGRAD_TSA). The corresponding NGRAD modes are indicated by NGRAD_TNA_LN, NGRAD_TSA_LN, NGRAD_TNA and NGRAD_TSA. Our analysis is limited to the NEB rainy season (March–May), when the GRAD mode is more pronounced and the NEB rainfall is more closely related to the TA SST variations. In general, the South Atlantic subtropical high is crucial in defining the cross‐equatorial flow, responsible for the anomalous meridional positioning of the Atlantic inter‐tropical convergence zone. When a positive (negative) dipole‐like SST anomaly pattern is established in the TA, the negative (positive) rainfall anomalies occupy most of NEB. This is the case of the PGRAD_TSA_EN, PGRAD_TNA, NGRAD_TSA_LN and NGRAD_TNA_LN. Most of the GRAD modes defined by TNA are also related to the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), in such a way that an EN (a LN) precedes a PGRAD (NGRAD) event, and most of the GRAD modes defined by TSA do not depend on the ENSO. Also, the PGRAD events are well distributed during both Atlantic multidecadal oscillation phases and the NGRAD events occur preferably during its cold phase. | 2022-12-29T15:41:53.737Z |
44,523,178 | {
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"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03488.x",
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"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2219361"
} | Cysteine proteinases, termed gingipains, of Porphyromonas gingivalis are able to inactivate a broad range of host proteins involved in cellular responses and have been implicated as key virulence factors in the onset and progression of adult periodontitis. In the present study, the high molecular weight Arg‐gingipain, RgpA, produced a time‐ and concentration‐dependent hydrolysis of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α receptor family member CD27 on resting T cells. As a consequence of CD27 degradation, a reduction in CD27‐ligation dependent co‐stimulatory CD40L expression was observed. Concomitantly, RgpA activated the protease‐activated receptors (PAR)‐1, PAR‐2 and PAR‐4 and induced CD69 and CD25 expression on T cells, thereby demonstrating T cell activation. The Lys‐gingipain Kgp demonstrated a low capacity to degrade CD27 but the ability to affect CD27 expression and biological activity was increased when T cells were pretreated with blocking peptide against PAR‐2. CD70, the ligand for CD27 induced on activated B cells, was significantly reduced by RgpA treatment and weakly affected by Kgp. These findings suggest that while RgpA can activate T cells through PARs, the parallel action of direct hydrolysis of membrane CD27 as well as CD70 indicates a potential down‐regulatory effect through inhibition of CD27/CD70‐mediated cell activation in periodontitis. | 2022-12-30T00:19:03.142Z |
144,917,891 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/01944367808976879",
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} | Abstract The focus of this article is the question of whether there is any social science evidence that demonstrates the existence of a racial tipping point. Do neighborhoods tip, for example, when they become 30 percent nonwhite? There is some evidence that neighborhoods undergo a relatively continuous process of change in which racial proportions are only one element in determining population turnover. Though tipping points may well exist in certain areas and under particular conditions, neighborhoods are too variable historically, demographically, and socially to be able to formulate on an a priori basis an iron law of demographic transition. | 2023-01-01T19:47:57.754Z |
219,286,563 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4155/bio-2020-0080",
"MAG": "3030927636",
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},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://www.future-science.com/doi/pdf/10.4155/bio-2020-0080"
} | Aim: A major challenge for flow cytometry assays supporting clinical trials is postcollection sample stability. Here we present an approach that could mitigate the stability issue while preserving sample integrity and cellular markers, especially when enumerating rare populations such as Tregs. Materials & methods: Stability was evaluated using whole blood stored at room temperature and lysed whole blood stored at -80°C. Results: Freezing of lysed whole blood preserved sample integrity and prolonged sample stability for Treg percentage, absolute cell count and median fluorescent intensity values to 11 versus 3 days at room temperature storage. Conclusion: Frozen storage of lysed whole blood can extend sample stability, improve data quality and facilitate sample batch processing during clinical study sample analysis. | 2022-01-27T04:56:56.291Z |
112,723,693 | {
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"DOI": "10.5610/jaee.12.7_38",
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"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaee/12/7/12_7_38/_pdf"
} | In order to calculate seismic intensity corresponding actual heavy damage to houses and buildings promptly, we tried to modify the filter used in the calculation of JMA seismic intensity. We modified the filter so that the calculated JMA seismic intensity corresponds to the actual heavy damage ratios of houses and buildings around the strong ground motion observation sites in the past earthquakes. We found that we could calculate the seismic intensity promptly by modifying the filter used in the calculation of JMA seismic intensity. | 2022-06-18T02:43:26.277Z |
89,808,398 | {
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"DOI": "10.3126/IJASBT.V4I4.16269",
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} | Barley, being a tremendous opportunities crop, we are far back regarding study, research and utilization. An experiment was conducted 2014-2015 to evaluate the barley genotypes for their yield attributing traits and correlation and causation. Eleven yield contributing traits viz., days to booting, heading and flowering; peduncle length, spike length, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf-1 area, thousand grain weight, biological weight and yield per hectare were recorded. High significant variation among genotypes was found for traits under study. Genotypes SBYT3-13#1115 (1960 kg), 14-SB-NAK-MR#17 (1760 kg) and AM POP#26 (1660 kg) were found to be superior for their per se performance based on grain yield per hectare, yield attributing and other quantitative traits. Thousand grains weight (0.333) had positively highest significant correlation with grain yield per hectare followed by spike length (0.310). Grain yield per hectare showed negative highly significant correlation with days to flowering (-0.796) followed by days to heading (-0.761) and days to booting (-0.663). Peduncle length (0.229), plant height (0.226), biological weight (0.181) and flag leaf area (0.032) were positively correlated with grain yield per hectare while flag leaf-1 area(-0.029) was negatively correlated. Thus, selection for genotypes with higher thousand grain weight and spike length accommodating earlier days to flowering, heading and booting is a prerequisite for attaining improvement in grain yield per hectare. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 529-536 | 2022-07-18T19:33:48.255Z |
35,895,846 | {
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} | Accurate exposure assessment is an important step in both risk assessment and epidemiologic studies involving potential human exposure to environmental toxicants. Various methods have been used to assess human exposure. These methods include models based on one's temporal and spatial nearness to the source, environmental levels of toxicant, and biological measures. We believe that the latter measure is the "gold standard." In this article we present the serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin levels in residents of the contaminated zones in Seveso, Italy, in 1976, and delineate these data by age and gender. Some of these serum levels are among the highest ever reported and thus this population serves as a benchmark for comparison of human exposure and potential adverse health effects. One such potential population is that population consuming potentially contaminated fish. | 2022-12-17T05:21:49.073Z |
31,480,718 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/OL049026B",
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} | [reaction: see text] L-alpha-(1-Cyclobutenyl)glycine (1-Cbg) was targeted as a potentially translatable analogue of isoleucine and valine and as a useful building block for peptides. An enantioselective synthesis was executed in which the key step was diastereoselective addition of 1-cyclobutenylmagnesium bromide to the sulfinimine 2b derived from (S)-t-butanesulfinimide and tert-butyl glyoxylate. 1-Cbg was found to substitute efficiently for isoleucine and valine, but not leucine, in the translation of green fluorescent protein in vitro. | 2022-12-20T08:54:02.747Z |
46,536,341 | {
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} | Abstract To determine the incidence and the natural history of acute gastroduodenal disease after thermal injury, early and serial gastroduodenoscopies were performed in 32 adult patients with burns. Gastric erosions were present in 25 of 29 (86 per cent) with large burns. Seventeen of 23 (74 per cent) had lesions within 72 hours after the burn. In seven patients (22 per cent) a gastric ulcer developed. Ulcerations occurred only in diffusely abnormal areas and were not discovered before 72 hours after the burn. Nine patients (28 per cent) had a duodenal ulceration; all but one had concomitant gastric disease. In two cases, an ulcer was observed to evolve from an erosive "duodenitis." The early development, morphology and histology of the lesions suggested ischemic damage of the mucosa. Nine of 15 patients studied serially had progression of mucosal disease; sepsis, hypotension and hypoxia complicated the clinical course. Life-threatening hemorrhage or perforation occurred mainly in patients with ulcers (e... | 2022-12-21T01:17:25.895Z |
7,530,184 | {
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} | This volume contains papers based on some of the talks given at the NSF-CBMS conference on 'The Geometrical Study of Differential Equations' held at Howard University (Washington, DC). The collected papers present important recent developments in this area, including the treatment of nontransversal group actions in the theory of group invariant solutions of PDEs, a method for obtaining discrete symmetries of differential equations, the establishment of a group-invariant version of the variational complex based on a general moving frame construction, the introduction of a new variational complex for the calculus of difference equations and an original structural investigation of Lie-Backlund transformations.The book opens with a modern and illuminating overview of Lie's line-sphere correspondence and concludes with several interesting open problems arising from symmetry analysis of PDEs. It offers a rich source of inspiration for new or established researchers in the field. This book can serve nicely as a companion volume to "Selected Topics in the Geometrical Study of Differential Equations", by Niky Kamran, in the "AMS" series, "CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics | 2022-12-25T18:37:58.971Z |
145,772,469 | {
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} | Our study examined three potential predictors of self-objectification in female adolescents, namely media exposure, extracurricular activities, and appearance-related comments (both positive and negative). Participants were 1,087 female adolescents ranging in age from 12 to 16, who completed questionnaire measures of media exposure (television, magazines, Internet, and social networking), time spent on extracurricular activities, positive and negative appearance-related comments, self-objectification, self-surveillance, body shame, and disordered eating. Tests of the hypothesized path model revealed that self-reported exposure to magazines and social networking sites each independently was associated positively with self-objectification. In addition, positive appearance-related comments were shown to be associated positively with self-objectification. On the other hand, time spent on extracurricular activities was not related to self-objectification. The results offer support for the role of media exposure and appearance-related comments in the development of self-objectification in female adolescents. In particular, the results suggest that positive appearance-related comments (compliments) may be just as, or even more, likely to give rise to self-objectification as negative appearance-related comments. The findings suggest practical strategies for the potential protection of the development of self-objectification and its deleterious consequences. | 2022-12-29T00:54:46.898Z |
185,867,888 | {
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} | Цель исследования, представленного в настоящей статье, состоит в решении задач оценки ситуационного управления, выявлении критериев выбора информационно-вероятностных моделей принятия решений. Для решения задач, рассмотренных в статье предложены экономико-математические модели. В работе проведен анализ вариантов предполагаемых действий, зависящих от полноты и достоверности имеющейся информации. Решение поставленных задач обеспечивается за счет использования алгоритма, реализующего информационно-вероятностный подход. Практическое использование создаваемых на основе информационно-вероятностного подхода экономико-математических моделей упрощает процесс принятия достаточно сложных управленческих решений. | 2022-01-24T17:44:53.077Z |
137,345,143 | {
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"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.650.320",
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} | The paper summarizes the methodology and presents the evaluation of the test results of basic strength parameters, that means characteristic and design values of tensile-bending strength and modulus of elasticity of fibre-cement slabs material. The problems under consideration proceed from the probability approaches and reliability criteria for the evaluation of load-carrying components according to the limit state method. The conclusions based on material tests of actual structural parts provide for the verification and precision of the calculating and design models and also of the design resistance of structural components. | 2022-02-09T10:40:36.143Z |
224,847,170 | {
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} | AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Menjelaskan alasan Mengapa Desa Adat Tista, Kecamatan Abang, Kabupaten Karangasem-Bali melarang jual/beli tanah pada orang luar desa.2) Menganalisis pengelolaan sumber daya tanah di Desa Adat Tista, Kecamatan Abang, Kabupaten Karangasem-Bali.3) Menjelaskan Aspek-aspek yang bisa digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran sosiologi mengenai permasalahan tanah di Desa Adat Tista, Kecamatan Abang, Kabupaten Karangasem-Bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan dengan tahap-tahap; 1) Teknik penetuan lokasi penelitian, penelitian ini berlokasi di Desa Tista, Kecamatan Abang, Kabupaten Karangasem-Bali.2) Jenis dan sumber data, melalui data primer dengan teknik purposive sampling, Data Skunder.3) Teknik pengumpulan data, melalui teknik observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen.4) Teknik keabsahan data dengan cara tirianggulasi dengan sumber, trianggulasi dengan metode dan trianggulasi dengan teori.5) Teknik analisis data dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Desa Adat Tista, Kecamatan Abang, Kabupaten Karangasem-Bali melarang jual/beli tanah pada orang luar desa. Adapun faktor-faktor yang melatar belakangi hal tersebut ialah pemertahanan budaya/agama, kemajuan ekonomi masyarakat lokal, pemertahanan keajegan desa/identitas desa, Adapun Strategi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Tanah Yang Dilakukan di Desa Adat Tista, Kecamatan Abang, Kabupaten Karangasem-Bali adalah dengan Penetapan ayaahan desa, patokan jumlah tanah yang boleh dibeli. Surat tanah menggunakan pemohon/atas nama Desa Tista. Kemudian kasus yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini memiliki kelayakan untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar sosiologi pada jenjang SMA.Kata Kunci: Fenomena, Kearifan Lokal, Identitas, Budaya. | 2022-01-27T08:46:25.727Z |
11,074,330 | {
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"DOI": "10.22037/IJPR.2012.1225",
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} | Human serum albumin has been used as a model protein for protein folding and ligand binding studies over many decades. Due to its long life period and high concentration in plasma, HSA is highly sensitive to glycation. It is reported that 175 mg/dL glucose concentration is a threshold of kidney activity for the beginning of excretion of glucose. pH denaturation of HSA in absence and presence of different concentrations of glucose is studied and based on the Pace two-state model, the findings are analyzed. In addition, florescence emission data of albumin range in the period of 300-500 nm was depicted. The amounts of free energy change and [D]1/2 parameters of unfolding in correspond to florescence date indicate that glucose induces fine structural change in human serum albumin. Results showed that 175 mg/dL glucose concentration is a critical point for albumin structural and functional alteration. | 2022-07-28T06:34:42.031Z |
31,341,466 | {
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} | Pharmacokinetics after high-dose (HD) etoposide (Eto) (40 mg/kg i.v. once as 4-h infusion, one patient 20 mg/kg i.v. as 4-h infusion, for 3 consecutive days) were studied in 31 children and young adults (age 0.8–23.7 years, median: 8.0 years) undergoing bone marrow transplantation after different conditioning regimens. Blood samples were collected until 97 h after the end of infusion. The population analysis of the first part of data (112 samples/21 patients, well documented) served to establish the pharmacokinetic model. The same data combined with the second part of data (50 samples/10 patients, ‘intention to treat’) then served to calculate the final population model. Data were best described by a three-compartment model with t1/2&agr;=0.28 h±3.2%, t1/2&bgr;=3.6 h±16.9% and t1/2&ggr;=44.2 h±56.5%, respectively (meangeom±CVgeom). Clearance (CL) was 15.5 ml/min/m2±30.6% (meangeom±CVgeom) and thus at the lower range of data reported in the literature. The fraction of unbound Eto (fu) was 7.0% (4.3–11.9%) [median (range)], with high intra-individual variability. An increase in fu with increasing total Eto was observed. The question of a principally lower Eto CL in children, as compared to adults, after HD treatment remains open. | 2022-12-12T12:22:18.611Z |
16,961,339 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/ICME.2003.1221736",
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} | Multibody motion segmentation is important in many computer vision tasks. This paper presents a novel spectral clustering approach to motion segmentation based on motion trajectory. We introduce a new affinity matrix based on the motion trajectory and map the feature points into a low dimensional subspace. The feature points are clustered in this subspace using a graph spectral approach. By computing the sensitivities of the larger eigenvalues of a related Markov transition matrix with respect to perturbations in affinity matrix, we improve the piecewise constant eigenvectors condition [M. Meila et al., 2001] dramatically. This makes clustering much reliable and robust. We confirm it by experiments. | 2022-12-14T02:26:11.215Z |
205,693,254 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/10408398.2017.1285269",
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} | ABSTRACT Morels are edible mushrooms appreciated worldwide for their savory flavor. Morels have been in use in traditional medicine for centuries, due to their health-related benefits, and current research demonstrated their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory bioactivities, in addition to immunostimulatory and anti-tumor properties. In spite of the high demand for morels and their increasing economic importance, their cultivation is limited, and they are either used as wild harvested or fermented in culture, for consumption as a functional food and for food-flavoring. Morel's health benefits were attributed mainly to polysaccharides as the active compounds, and to various phytochemicals, mainly phenolic compounds, tocopherols, ascorbic acid and vitamin D. Morel's nutritional composition was reported, including sugar, amino acid, fatty and organic acid and mineral profile. Information regarding Morel's flavor is limited, and while some of their taste attributes have been described, including the role of umami taste, details about their volatile aroma profile are scarce, and it was reported to include eight carbon volatiles, the main aroma volatiles typical to most mushrooms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review presenting morels' nutritional and phytochemical composition, health benefits and flavor, and we will review the available information in current literature regarding these aspects in light of morels phenotypic plasticity. | 2022-12-27T21:09:18.134Z |
170,515,253 | {
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"DOI": "10.14421/AJIS.2006.441.53-71",
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} | Di tengah langkanya organisasi-organisasi Muslim baik yang bersifat nasional maupun internasional di Belanda, Persatuan Pemuda Muslim se-Eropa (PPME) merupakan pengecualian. PPME muncul dengan identitas unik, yakni mencoba berkiprah sebagai organisasi payung bagi semua etnis muslim yang ada di Belanda, walaupun mayoritas anggotanya adalah Muslim Indonesia. PPME menegaskan dirinya sebagai organisasi yang tidak terlibat dalam urusan politik, baik gagasan maupun praktis. Identitas unik itu menempatkan PPME pada posisi yang tidak powerfull karena tidak ada dukungan dari satu negara Muslim. Pemerintah Belanda pun ragu memberikan subsidi karena eksistensinya tidak jelas. Selain itu, ia tidak akan punya satu wajah jelas yang harus ditampilkan sebagai identitas dari para pengurus dan anggotanya. Untuk itu, pengujian kembali (Re-examination) terhadap kebijakan-kebijakannya merupakan satu langkah yang penting untuk ditempuh, agar dapat di-review dan diperbaharui bila perlu. Melalui pengujian kembali tersebut, PPME diharapkan dapat meningkatkan dan memperjelas kiprah-kiprahnya dalam membangun kesadaran dan menjaga solidaritas para pengurus dan anggotanya sebagai Muslim minoritas. | 2022-03-25T00:48:52.167Z |
248,889,671 | {
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"DOI": "10.1055/a-1788-3819",
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} | PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to assess the difference in treatment success after phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for Salzmann's nodular degeneration (SND) using two excimer lasers with different specifications.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
272 PTK procedures, which had been performed on 246 eyes with SND from 181 patients, were retrospectively examined in the period from 2007 to 2017. Until 2014 the excimer laser MEL70 (Carl Zeiss Meditec Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, Oberkochen, Germany) was used for PTK following manual pannectomy, and after 2014 the excimer laser Amaris 750S (Schwind eye-tech-solutions GmbH, Kleinostheim, Germany) was used. Treatment success was assessed on basis of visual acuity, refraction, and astigmatism, as well as pachymetry and endothelial cell count, recorded at the following time points: T1 = preoperative, T2 = 6-week follow-up, T3 = 6-month follow-up. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-square test with a significance level of 5% were used to compare the data.
RESULTS
A significantly higher improvement of 0.17 ± 0.33 logMAR could be shown for visual acuity in the Schwind group (p < 0.013) after 6 months. In the Zeiss group, visual acuity improved by only 0.11 ± 0.36 (logMAR p < 0.057). Regarding refraction, a significant reduction of the spherical equivalent (SEQ) (p < 0.001) by 3.35 ± 2.76 diopters (D) after 6 months could only be shown for the Schwind group. SEQ did not change significantly in the Zeiss group (p < 0.676). The topographic astigmatism was significantly improved after 6 months in both study groups, by 1.73 ± 1.99 D in the Schwind group (p < 0.001) and by 1.99 ± 2.21 D in the Zeiss group (p < 0.0001). Haze had to be treated in 12.7% of the cases in the Schwind group and in 16.2% of the cases in the Zeiss group. No endothelial cell damage was found in either group.
CONCLUSIONS
In both study groups, the patients with SND clearly benefited from PTK. However, a significantly higher advantage for visual acuity and refraction was shown for the Schwind group compared with the Zeiss group. In contrast to the usual hyperopic effect of PTK in other diagnoses, PTK in SND showed a "myopic shift", which can be explained by the often midperipheral SND nodes and the associated asymmetric tear film pooling prior to surgery. | 2022-05-20T07:09:10.079Z |
125,780,509 | {
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"DOI": "10.1209/0295-5075/120/27002",
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} | The impurity-induced bound states in symmetric and asymmetric chiral p-wave superconducting nanoloops are investigated by numerically solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently. When a magnetic impurity is involved, the impurity bound level crosses the Fermi level at some impurity strength for the square loop, accompanied by a current jump at the zero-energy point. The evolution of zero-energy states can be effectively tuned by the located site of a single magnetic impurity. For the asymmetric rectangular loop, the zero mode is easier to be generated when a magnetic impurity is placed at the edge of the short side. In addition, the zero-energy states can be modulated by the threaded magnetic flux. Particularly, for an appropriate strength of the midway magnetic impurity, the zero-energy crossing of the impurity bound level takes place twice with increasing flux. | 2022-10-24T20:32:29.521Z |
85,602,911 | {
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"DOI": "10.1017/S0014479700026284",
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} | SUMMARY Earlier work has shown that, in cereals in general, grain yield (Y) and protein content (P) are strongly negatively related. It is shown here that the expected positive expected relationship between grain yield and protein yield also holds, with (YP) given approximately by YP = 0.141 + 0.0969 Y. All cereal breeding in which high protein content is desired therefore faces a compromise with grain yield. | 2022-12-05T19:50:50.593Z |
197,698,745 | {
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"DOI": "10.1590/2179-8966/2019/40414",
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"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rdp/v10n2/2179-8966-rdp-10-2-1405.pdf"
} | Resumo Este estudo visa analisar a trajetória de reinstitucionalização de crianças e adolescentes em Serviços de Acolhimento. Para tanto, analisou as Guias de Acolhimento e de Desligamento das crianças e adolescentes, entre 2010 e 2017. Os dados apontam que a reinstitucionalização possui forte relação com a situação de pobreza e ausência de políticas públicas efetivas para o acompanhamento das famílias. | 2022-12-10T04:31:47.438Z |
6,754,691 | {
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"DOI": "10.3390/ma9070572",
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"PubMedCentral": "5456839"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/9/7/572/pdf?version=1468494738"
} | The biodegradable cellular capsule, being prepared from simple vaporization of liquid marbles, is an ideal vehicle for the potential application of drug encapsulation and release. This paper reports the fabrication of cellular capsules via facile vaporization of Pickering emulsion marbles in an ambient atmosphere. Stable Pickering emulsion (water in oil) was prepared while utilizing dichloromethane (containing poly(l-lactic acid)) and partially hydrophobic silica particles as oil phase and stabilizing agents respectively. Then, the Pickering emulsion marbles were formed by dropping emulsion into a petri dish containing silica particles with a syringe followed by rolling. The cellular capsules were finally obtained after the complete vaporization of both oil and water phases. The technique of scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to research the microstructure and surface morphology of the prepared capsules and the results showed the cellular structure as expected. An in vitro drug release test was implemented which showed a sustained release property of the prepared cellular capsules. In addition, the use of biodegradable poly(l-lactic acid) and the biocompatible silica particles also made the fabricated cellular capsules of great potential in the application of sustained drug release. | 2022-12-18T10:50:52.068Z |
1,576,608 | {
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"DOI": "10.1155/2013/598587",
"MAG": "2068660272",
"PubMedCentral": "4061615"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2013/598587.pdf"
} | The hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a central transcription factor involved in the cellular and molecular adaptation to hypoxia and low glucose supply. The level of HIF-1 is to a large degree regulated by the HIF prolyl hydroxylase enzymes (HPHs) belonging to the Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily. In the present study, we compared competitive and noncompetitive HPH-inhibitor compounds in two different cell types (SH-SY5Y and PC12). Although the competitive HPH-inhibitor compounds were found to be pharmacologically more potent than the non-competitive compounds at inhibiting HPH2 and HPH1, this was not translated into the cellular effects of the compounds, where the non-competitive inhibitors were actually more potent than the competitive in stabilizing and translocatingHIF1αto the nucleus (quantified with Cellomics ArrayScan technology). This could be explained by the high cellular concentrations of the cofactor 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) as the competitive inhibitors act by binding to the 2-OG site of the HPH enzymes. Both competitive and non-competitive HPH inhibitors protected the cells against 6-OHDA induced oxidative stress. In addition, the protective effect of a specific HPH inhibitor was partially preserved when the cells were serum starved and exposed to 2-deoxyglucose, an inhibitor of glycolysis, indicating that other processes than restoring energy supply could be important for the HIF-mediated cytoprotection. | 2022-12-19T10:25:28.282Z |
161,391,094 | {
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"DOI": "10.1093/HWJ/57.1.175",
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} | A. JAMES MCADAMS, Judging the Past in Unified Germany, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001; xx + 244 pp., ?40.00 or $52.95 h/b; ?14.95 or $19.95 p/b; ISBN 0-521-80208-3 and 0-521-00139-0. MICHAEL GEYER (ed.), The Power of Intellectuals in Contemporary Germany, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2002; x + 459 pp., $60.00 h/b; $25.00 p/b; ISBN 0-226-28986-9 and 0-226-18987-7. CHRISTOPH KLE6MANN (ed.), The Divided Past: Rewriting Post-War German History, Berg Publishers, Oxford, 2001; viii + 200 pp., ?42.99; ISBN 1-85973-511-8 | 2022-12-23T02:15:22.366Z |
62,582,665 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/PFI.20090",
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} | This article provides an example of a completed Performance Analysis Worksheet that systematically and systemically defines a performance gap and sets a reasonable goal in measurable terms for quantity, quality, time, and cost, as well as identifies, describes, weights, and displays the underlying causes. Although managers are the target audience for the new job aid, performance consultants may find that it is a useful tool to use as well. | 2022-12-23T06:40:11.084Z |
225,123,482 | {
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"DOI": "10.30987/1999-8775-2020-10-42-50",
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} | Разработана модель для прогнозирования заболеваемости и оценки эффективности противоэпидемических мер. Результаты исследования и новизна нейросетевая модель динамически изменяет свою структуру и адаптируется к текущей эпидемической обстановке. Модель позволяет провести прогноз эпидемической обстановки на перспективу и оценку эффективности противоэпидемических мер. За основу разработки приняты существующие автоматизированные информационные системы, которые используются для мониторинга и визуализации данных о заболеваемости населения в Москве. Ключевые слова: эпидемия, заболеваемость, мониторинг, нейросетевая модель, модульная система, нейронные сети. | 2022-01-27T01:48:16.995Z |
192,167,128 | {
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"DOI": "10.14643/41B",
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} | Abstract: In 1630, after a long experience as a priest and curator of the Inquisition in the Viceroyalty of Peru, Lorenzo Mendoza came to the Court, where he gave to the press a series of memorials addressed to Philip IV, all of them with the common background of a global, integrated and a stable empire. In some of them he tackled, with different specificities, the threats hovering over the hegemony that still held the Spanish Monarchy, with special emphasis on the activities carried out by the Dutch. In this paper we attempt an analysis of the reforms proposed by Mendoza to consolidate the hegemony of Iberian colonial empires, providing a set of conclusions on the viability of them. Resumen: En 1630, tras una amplia experiencia como sacerdote y comisario de la Inquisicion en el virreinato del Peru, Lorenzo de Mendoza llego a la corte, donde dio a la imprenta una serie de memoriales dirigidos a Felipe IV, todos ellos con el trasfondo comun de un imperio global, integrado y estable. En varios de ellos abordo, con distinta especificidad, las amenazas que se cernian sobre la hegemonia que aun ostentaba la Monarquia hispanica, con especial incidencia en las actividades llevadas a cabo por los holandeses. En este articulo realizamos un analisis de las reformas propuestas por Mendoza para consolidar la hegemonia colonial de los imperios ibericos, aportando una serie de conclusiones sobre la viabilidad de las mismas. | 2022-02-08T08:52:28.214Z |
188,082,889 | {
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"DOI": "10.32718/nvlvet9203",
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"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://nvlvet.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/download/1737/1721"
} | The importance of the influence of microorganisms on the health of humans and animals is beyond doubt. In recent decades, a large amount of data on the interaction of the flora with the elements of the immune system has been accumulated. Therefore, it is important to identify any hazardous factors that must be prevented or neutralized. One of such factors is the circulating flora of the premises, the organism of the animal, its virulence and resistance to antibacterial drugs. Bacteriological studies included bacteriological culture on the nutrient environment, their identification and the study of antibioticsensitivity. According to the results of bacteriological studies of milk samples, it was found that in 25% of the studied samples Staphylococcus aureus cultures were found in different concentrations. In 4 samples, Proteus vulgaris was detected. Bacteriological studies of vaginal exudate from the cows after calving have shown that they have Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli haemolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, mold fungi of the Aspergillus spp. The studies of the exudate from the nasal passages and the mouthof the calves found that all the tested samples contained Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pnemoniae and Aspergillus and Candida fungi. The results of calf excrement studies revealed the presence of a number of microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli haemolitica, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter faecalis in different percentages. In determining the sensitivity of isolated cultures to antibacterial drugs, it has been established that Staphylococcus aureus cultures are sensitive to all antibiotics; Proteus vulgaris show resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin; Escherichia coli haemolytica is resistant to ampicillin. | 2022-07-13T16:49:25.210Z |
29,445,474 | {
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"DOI": "10.1364/OE.17.019629",
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} | We investigate the formation of photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) modes within the framework of perturbation theory. We derive a differential equation governing the envelope of PCW modes constructed from weak perturbations using an effective mass formulation based on the Luttinger-Kohn method from solid-state physics. The solution of this equation gives the frequency of the mode and its field. The differential equation lends itself to simple analytic approximations which reduce the problem to that of solving slab waveguide modes. By using this model, we demonstrate that the nature of the projected band structure and corresponding Bloch functions are central to the behaviour of PCW modes. With this understanding, we explain why the odd mode in a hexagonal PCW spans the entire Brillouin zone while the even mode is cut off. | 2022-09-15T09:11:11.345Z |
1,225,602 | {
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"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.70.3475",
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} | The thermoelectric power S of uncompensated Si:P with P concentration N near the metal-insulator transition occurring at N, has been measured at very low temperatures (0.04≤T≤3 K). For NN c , S is negative and shows the linear T dependence of a metal, whereas close to N, an anomalous behavior with a sign change of S at low T is observed. The strong dependence of S on magnetic fields up to 6 T relates the anomaly to magnetic scattering, thus giving the first experimental evidence for localized moments near the metal-insulator transition in a transport property | 2022-10-24T20:59:02.644Z |
188,498,098 | {
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"DOI": "10.29380/2018.12.20.25",
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"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.29380/2018.12.20.25"
} | RESUMO: Estudantes recém ingressos em cursos da área de computação geralmente apresentam bastante dificuldade na aprendizagem de conteúdos que abrangem fundamentos de algoritmos, Matemática e lógica de programação. Some-se a isso a complexidade de questões inerente a área. Neste cenário, muitos estudantes apresentam dificuldades em aprender os conteúdos e organizarem seu tempo de forma eficaz e produtiva. Nesse sentido, como forma de superação ou mitigação desses problemas aplicamos uma pesquisa junto a estudantes do Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal do Pará. Esta teve como objetivo investigar os impactos junto aos participantes do uso da técnicas de estudo e gestão do tempo de Feymman, Pomodoro, Repetição Espaçada no ensino de fundamentos de matemática e algoritmos no curso técnico integrado ao ensino médio do Instituto Federal do Pará , buscando-se dessa forma, conduzir os estudantes a um melhor gerenciamento pessoal e maior produtividade de fundamentos de Matemática algoritmos e lógica de programação. A metodologia deste trabalho configura-se, quanto à natureza, como pesquisa aplicada, tendo finalidade exploratória, pois pretende-se ampliar a compreensão do problema investigado. | 2022-01-27T10:08:46.497Z |
25,340,597 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/YEA.320070403",
"MAG": "2080303913",
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} | The Candida albicans inositol biosynthetic gene and its regulation have been studied. The gene, CalNO1, was cloned on a multicopy vector by complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisae mutant strain. Southern blot analysis established that the cloned DNA was C. albicans genomic DNA in origin; neither rearrangements nor pseudogenes were evident. Blot hybridization analysis using RNA isolated from C. albicans revealed that a single RNA species (1·8 kilobases) was homologous to the cloned DNA fragment. The steady‐state levels of these transcripts were shown to be regulated in response to inositol in the growth media. In addition, the steady‐state levels of the RNA encoded by the cloned C. albicans DNA present in S. cerevisiae on a plasmid (YRpCalNO1) were regulated in response to exogenously provided inositol. The cloned C. albicans DNA fragment was shown to restore inositol‐1‐phosphate synthase activity to a S. cerevisiae mutant strain defective in this enzyme. This activity was also shown to be regulated in response to the presence of inositol in the growth media. | 2022-12-17T23:15:53.367Z |
23,803,958 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/00222895.2013.778814",
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} | ABSTRACT The authors investigated the effects of postural manipulation on head movement control in infants from birth to 4 months of age. Eighteen full-term infants were presented with a card, which was moved from side to side before their eyes in 3 positions: unsupported supine, supported supine, and supported reclined. The results showed a higher proportion of initial position of head at midline and midline-to-side trajectory, improving the alignment of head and trunk; fewer movement units and movement units after peak velocity; lower mean angular velocity and peak velocity; and a broader rotation of the head in both supported positions. Thus, external support of the head promoted head and trunk alignment, improving stability and enabling the infant to execute better-controlled head movements. These findings may be helpful in early intervention and treatment of at-risk infants. | 2022-12-19T09:01:24.272Z |
206,633,187 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/1049732317744534",
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"url": "https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:897aaa4a-7e58-4c9c-aabf-b4b1810aae5a/download_file?safe_filename=QHR_Final.pdf&file_format=pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article"
} | The health benefits of exercise in school are recognized, yet physical activity continues to decline during early adolescence despite numerous interventions. In this study, we investigated whether the prototype willingness model, an account of adolescent decision making that includes both reasoned behavioral choices and unplanned responses to social environments, might improve understanding of physical activity in school. We conducted focus groups with British pupils aged 12 to 13 years and used deductive thematic analysis to search for themes relating to the model. Participants described reasoned decisions about physical activity outside school and unplanned choices to be inactive during break, in response to social contexts described as more “judgmental” than in primary school. Social contexts appeared characterized by anxiety about competence, negative peer evaluation, and inactive playground norms. The prototype willingness model might more fully explain physical activity in school than reasoned behavioral models alone, indicating potential for interventions targeting anxieties about playground social environments. | 2022-12-20T22:24:36.036Z |
235,843,004 | {
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"DOI": "10.33545/26643766.2021.V4.I2B.237",
"MAG": "3159765044",
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} | Background: Eventhough panhypopituitarism is a rare endocrine system disease, the clinical manifestation can vary from subclinical to life threatening myxoedema coma. It could be due to either primary pituitary dysfunction/stalk dysfunction/hypothalamic dysfunction.A 32 year old young female who presented with bilateral hip joint pain was diagnosed to have bilateral avascular necrosis of femoral head. On ellicting a detailed clinical history, she underwent treatment for infertility for 7 long years which comprised of multiple ovulation induction agents and finally conceived following in utero insemination. Although the gestational and peripartum period were uneventful, she had agalactorrhea, a warning sign of impending hormonal dysfunction which didn’t seek much attention. Five years down the lane, on evaluation for dyslipidemia, she was found to have hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia, low serum calcitriol levels. A detailed brain imaging studies showed partially emptysella with small remnant pituitary tissue and was started on treatment as a case of panhypopituitarism. | 2022-02-07T21:11:15.334Z |
2,257,154 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/SCC.2009.42",
"MAG": "2112853553",
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} | Businesses recently began shifting from proprietary models towards industry standards. Today, when businesses are faced with medium and large SOA projects, they strive to standardize their business process models, information models, and message models by complying with known industry standards. As service orientation and composition become more important, these standards also become critical for efficient SOA integration. However, in doing so, the businesses face a new challenge – the challenge to effectively utilize the industry standards models. Using industry standards models effectively is difficult since they are typically large and complex, thus resulting in the creation of vast amounts of inter-relationships. To meet this challenge, we describe a new approach that provides a holistic view of these heterogeneous SOA models and corresponding industry standards. Such a unified view must provide access to heterogeneous data sources and models, allow search and query of them as a single model source all across the SOA solution stack, and provide advanced services such as traceability, scoping, and impact analysis. To validate the proposed holistic approach, we describe a model catalog and repository system and present its use on a field-based example. | 2022-02-13T13:47:02.734Z |
95,365,335 | {
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ZAAC.19552810106",
"MAG": "2025123470",
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} | Auf Grund der Ergebnisse von Schmelzversuchen wurde das ternare Zustandsdiagramm Na2SNa2ONa2SO4 einschlieslich seiner binaren Randsysteme aufgestellt. Die binaren Randsysteme stellen einfach eutektische Systeme dar; dementsprechend weist das Gesamtsystem auch eutektische Erstarrung (620°C) auf. | 2022-09-14T03:44:03.615Z |
237,715,846 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/09654313.2021.1958760",
"MAG": "3183879660",
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} | ABSTRACT Preparations for the EU’s post-2020 Multiannual Financial Framework have brought increased interest to the functional approach as a major paradigm of the EU policies towards cross-border areas. This approach aims to focus cross-border programmes on territories where there is a high degree of cross-border interaction. Cross-border functional areas (CBFAs) can be a potential instrument for this, fostering further reduction of cross-border barriers and enhancing flows of people, goods, materials and knowledge. However, certain aspects of this notion are rather vague. This includes both the way how to turn the rather discursive concept of the CBFA into more material-institutional practices, and how CBFAs can be identified in practice to successfully implement the EU’s cohesion policy. This paper debates the concept of the CBFA and proposes understanding CBFAs as spatially specific territorial complexes, located on two (or more) sides of a state border(s) that are not defined by administrative borders, but by cross-border functional linkages, a system of cooperative relationships and the existence of governance mechanisms. The paper proposes a novel approach for CBFA’s identification based on a four-level model, taking into account the selected criteria. The proposed framework enabled to identify CBFAs and potential CBFAs at the borders of Poland. | 2022-12-17T14:35:41.064Z |
154,398,374 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/JID.858",
"MAG": "2145634043",
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} | This paper examines the rationale, practice and implications of contract farming under the MNCs in vegetable crops in the Indian Punjab from the new institutional economics perspective. It is found that the MNCs deal with relatively large producers, their contracts are biased against the farmer, and the contract crops perpetuate many of the existing problems of the farming sector like high chemical input intensity, unstable future incomes, and social differentiation, though contracting has led to higher farm incomes and labour employment, especially for women. There is an inherent contradiction in the objectives of the contracting parties and that of the local economy and suitable institutions and organisations are not present in the state. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | 2022-09-14T11:43:22.515Z |
85,030,058 | {
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"DOI": "10.4081/IJFS.2012.5.11",
"MAG": "2060998466",
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} | According to Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 of 15 November 2005 on microbiological crite-ria for foodstuff , the analytical reference method for the detection of Salmonella in food is ISO 6579:2004. However this long and labor-intensive method is not in line with the short production times of the food industry. In the last years, Real-Time PCR is used more and more by scientists for the relia-ble, fast and specific detection of bacterial pathogens in food. The aim of the present study was to eval-uate the Salmonella detection capability of a validated Real-Time PCR assay on naturally contaminated pork cuts in comparison with the reference method ISO 6579:2004. Three sampling were performed and included 16 pork cut packaging. From each packaging, three aliquots of 10 g each were tested separate-ly by ISO 6579:2004 method and by Real-Time PCR. In particular this molecular method was applied on DNA samples extracted from pre-enrichment broth after 1 and 18 hours of incubation. Within the three sampling periods, Real-Time PCR detected Salmonella in 81%, 100% e 62,5% of pork cut samples respectively, whereas the corresponding percentages of detection of the reference method were 56%, 81% e 62,5% respectively. In conclusion the Real-Time PCR assay used in the present study might be a reliable tool for a fast detection of Salmonella on pork cuts, especially when large number of samples needs to be tested. The reference method might be applied only on positive samples for isolation purpos-es mandatory in epidemiological investigations. | 2022-11-04T00:38:53.240Z |
24,078,020 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000085165",
"MAG": "2016052972",
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} | The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria as the cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections is a disconcerting phenomenon that often requires the use of alternative antimicrobials due to resistance against commonly used agents. The following is a case report describing the successful treatment of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by a heteroresistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus with linezolid. Linezolid may have utility in treating pediatric CNS infections due to its tolerability, excellent blood-brain barrier penetration, and activity against multiple resistant Gram-positive organisms such as S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2022-12-11T07:34:22.656Z |
138,684,488 | {
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"DOI": "10.5254/1.3538652",
"MAG": "2262765680",
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} | Abstract Foam extrusion of a series of dynamically vulcanized polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) blends (commercially available Santoprene) by using chemical blowing agents have been studied. Results suggest that foaming occurs only within the thermoplastic phase and for each composition there exists a limiting density which controls the maximum volume expansion. This limiting density is controlled only by the composition and is independent of the blowing agent concentration, extrusion conditions, and the geometry. For the softest and the hardest blends, maximum volume expansion was found to be about 20 and 100%, respectively. Considerable differences in cell structure were also observed with change in the blend composition. As the rubber content increases, bubbles change their shapes from spherical to highly elongated channels where long axes are primarily along the extrusion direction. When the shapes of the bubbles are viewed by cutting the specimen, the bubbles were found to... | 2022-12-20T08:38:59.729Z |
32,679,254 | {
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"DOI": "10.1128/IAI.68.7.4207-4216.2000",
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} | ABSTRACT We have used a previously described rodent model to examine the influence of hormonal environment on susceptibility and immune responses to genital Chlamydia infection. Ovariectomized rats were administered estradiol, progesterone, or a combination of both, infected with Chlamydia trachomatis via the intrauterine route, and sacrificed 5 days later. Histopathological examination showed severe inflammation in the uteri and vaginae of progesterone-treated animals, whereas animals receiving estradiol or a combination of both hormones showed no inflammation. Large numbers of chlamydiae were found in vaginal secretions of progesterone-treated and combination-treated animals, while estradiol-treated animals had none. Tissue localization showed that numerous chlamydial inclusions were present in the uterine epithelium of the progesterone group and the cervicovaginal epithelium of the combination group. Examination of the acute immune responses of the infected animals showed that maximum activation was present in the draining lymph node cells from the progesterone-treated group, and these cells were producing large amounts of interleukin-10 and gamma interferon compared to other hormone-treated groups. In contrast, spleen cell proliferation was suppressed in progesterone-treated animals compared to other hormone-treated groups. We conclude that progesterone increases and estradiol decreases susceptibility to intrauterine chlamydial infection in this rat model. Our data demonstrate that hormone environment, at the time of infection, has a profound effect on the outcome of microbial infection in the female reproductive tract. | 2022-12-29T18:35:52.683Z |
26,704,209 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1090/TRAN/7187",
"MAG": "2914866204",
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} | We prove that the ∆2 Turing degrees have a finite automorphism base. We apply this result to show that the automorphism group of DT (≤ 0′) is countable and that all its members have arithmetic presentations. We prove that every relation on DT (≤ 0′) induced by an arithmetically definable degree invariant relation is definable with finitely many ∆2 parameters and show that rigidity for DT (≤ 0′) is equivalent to its biinterpretability with first order arithmetic. | 2022-01-27T18:29:00.172Z |
43,868,640 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CLEOE-EQEC.2009.5192617",
"MAG": "2011791200",
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} | High-Q optical nanocavities have become very popular in recent years due to their possible application in many research fields, ranging from nanophotonics, biochemical sensing to cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) [1,2]. Planar photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavities, obtained by two-dimensional patterning of a slab waveguide, are particularly interesting due to their compactness and ease of fabrication, while offering the possibility to achieve ultra-high Q factors [1]. Optical characterization of high-Q planar PhC nanocavities, i.e. measurement of their resonance frequency and quality factor, remains however a difficult experimental task. | 2022-02-12T01:46:44.178Z |
112,660,556 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.6188/JEB.2010.12(1).02",
"MAG": "2242938060",
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} | ebXML is widely accepted as the common platform, described in formal specification using XML, for connecting heterogeneous business systems. The connection is made by implementing an ebXML system in front of the back-end system. The ebXML system is divided into the upper business process level, account for business interactions, and the lower message service level for necessary technological support for the upper level. In this paper, we employ agent technology to implement the ebXML system. We design and implement business service agent and message service agents for the upper and lower levels, respectively. In particular we use a declarative approach to design the business service agent, which separate the business collaboration knowledge from the control engine. This results in automatic transformation from design artifacts into executable code. We implement a prototype system using open agent architecture. We carry out experiments by connecting two systems at different sites, based on the system. User in terfaces are provided to control and monitor the process of collaborations. The system shows promising result in gaining insight on ebXML collaborations. It provides an excellent basis for further investigation on industry business collaborations. | 2022-09-07T21:43:43.890Z |
16,385,414 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1079/PHN2002376",
"MAG": "2144181609",
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} | Abstract Objective: To give an overview of the evaluation of the modified diet history applied in the SENECA study (Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly; a Concerted Action). Design: Nineteen centres in 12 countries participated at baseline. Nine of these SENECA centres conducted a repeat measurement scheme in elderly people born between 1913 and 1918. These longitudinal centres included 100 subjects per sex per site. Methods: The relative validity of the method was tested by comparing results of the modified diet history with results obtained from a weighed record in 82 subjects. In the follow-up we compared changes in energy intake with changes in body weight and calculated the physical activity ratio in all longitudinal centres. In SENECA's finale we examined the predictive value of dietary patterns observed at baseline for survival 10 years later, making use of the original and an adapted Mediterranean Diet Score. Results: The modified diet history overestimated intake, compared with the weighed record. However, the physical activity ratio and an in-depth study in a metabolic room indicated that the diet history rather underestimated energy intake. We did not find a relationship between changes in energy intake and changes in body weight, but this could be explained by the fact that most likely we did not measure intake in the dynamic phase of body weight change. Based on the adapted Mediterranean Diet Score, the study results showed a positive relation between a healthy diet and survival. Conclusion: We conclude that the modified diet history has given sufficiently reliable results for the purposes of the study | 2022-09-16T02:34:04.642Z |
16,378,937 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ITNG.2011.101",
"MAG": "2140957143",
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} | With increasing information reproduced each year, the quality of the data is subject to damage. Variations and errors in the address fields of databases make address-matching strategies problematic. In this paper, first the sources of the error in street names are investigated. Then, a hybrid approach, which is a combination of pattern and phonetic-matching algorithms, is used to fix the problems in the street names. The algorithm is evaluated in terms of its efficiency and correction rates. The newly introduced technique shows an improvement of at least 7% in correction rates compared to the well-known spelling correction algorithms. | 2022-10-01T16:21:53.382Z |
243,124,410 | {
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"DOI": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-23149/v1",
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},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-23149/v1.pdf"
} |
Background Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is standard approach of axillary region for early breast cancer patients with clinically negative node. The present study investigated patients with false-negative sentinel nodes (FNSN) of intraoperative frozen section.Methods A case-control study with 1:3 ratio was conducted. FNSN was diagnosed as negative sentinel nodes (SNs) in frozen sections, but positive for metastasis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks. Control was defined no metastasis of SNs in both frozen and FFPE sections.Results Total 20 FNSN cases and 60 matched-controls were enrolled from 333 SLNB patients between April 1, 2005 and November 31, 2009. The demographics and intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer were similar between FNSN and controls. The FNSN patients had a larger tumor size in preoperative mammography and more lymphatic tumor emboli in core biopsy (P-value 0.033 and < 0.001, respectively). Four FNSN patients had metastasis in the non-relevant SNs. Other 16 FNSN patients had results of benign lymphoid hyperplasia of SNs in frozen sections and metastasis in FFPE blocks. Micrometastasis (less than 2 mm) was detected in seven of 16 patients and metastases in non-sentinel nodes was recognized in two of 16 patients. All FNSN patients received second operation with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). After a median follow-up of 143 months, no FNSN patients developed recurrence of breast cancer. The disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and overall survival in FNSN were non-inferior than controls.Conclusion Outcomes of FNSN patients after completing ALND was non-inferior to those without metastasis in SNs. ALND improved survival of patients with metastasis non-sentinel ALNs. However, omitting ALND had no effect for those have only micrometastasis in SNs. | 2022-10-07T00:21:10.531Z |
157,193,138 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/00343404.2016.1275536",
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"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/83817/1/WEI_Manuscript_12.12.2016.pdf"
} | ABSTRACT Production of output and ideas: efficiency and growth patterns in the United States. Regional Studies. This paper examines efficiency and growth patterns in the production of output and ideas in the United States. It employs frontier techniques and jointly estimates the production of output and the production of ideas. We find states to be particularly efficient in the use of their inputs in the production of output process, whereas there is more waste in the use of innovation resources to produce new knowledge. The results do not lend support to the common perception that richer (more innovative) states are more efficient than less rich (less innovative) states for every dollar spent. | 2022-11-25T00:07:25.573Z |
24,044,116 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/JBM.B.30117",
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} | This study investigated the effect of laser-beam welding conditions [voltage (V) and spot diameter (mm)] on the penetration depth into dental casting alloys. Castings (3.0 mm x 8.0 mm x 50 mm) were prepared from the metals used in this study: commercially pure titanium (CP Ti), Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb, cobalt-chromium alloy (Co-Cr) and Type IV gold alloy. Two cast blocks of each metal were butted against one another at the 8.0 x 50-mm surfaces. They were then welded at their interface under the following conditions: voltage of 160-340 V, spot diameter of 0.4-1.6 mm, and pulse duration of 10 ms. After laser welding, the blocks were separated, and the penetration depth into each alloy was measured. The data were analyzed with the use of ANOVA at the p < 0.05 level of significance. The penetration depths were as follows: CP Ti (0.29-6.45 mm), Ti-6Al-4V (0.32-5.24 mm), Ti-6Al-7Nb (0.34-5.65 mm), Co-Cr (0.24-6.15 mm), and Type IV gold alloy (0.12-5.22 mm). The voltage and spot diameter affected the penetration depth into the metals tested. When the voltage increased and the spot diameter decreased, the penetration depth increased for each metal. Selecting suitable conditions for laser welding to obtain sufficient penetration depth for the optimal thickness of the metal is important when welding prostheses. | 2022-12-18T02:48:49.606Z |
20,202,891 | {
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"DOI": "10.1146/annurev-biophys-083012-130315",
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"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3851009?pdf=render"
} | In the past decade, a concerted effort to successfully capture specific tertiary packing interactions produced specific three-dimensional structures for many de novo designed proteins that are validated by nuclear magnetic resonance and/or X-ray crystallographic techniques. However, the success rate of computational design remains low. In this review, we provide an overview of experimentally validated, de novo designed proteins and compare four available programs, RosettaDesign, EGAD, Liang-Grishin, and RosettaDesign-SR, by assessing designed sequences computationally. Computational assessment includes the recovery of native sequences, the calculation of sizes of hydrophobic patches and total solvent-accessible surface area, and the prediction of structural properties such as intrinsic disorder, secondary structures, and three-dimensional structures. This computational assessment, together with a recent community-wide experiment in assessing scoring functions for interface design, suggests that the next-generation protein-design scoring function will come from the right balance of complementary interaction terms. Such balance may be found when more negative experimental data become available as part of a training set. | 2022-12-19T10:36:43.644Z |
145,635,705 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/0004944113495503",
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} | There have been persistent concerns over teacher pre-service education for decades. The basic model of university or college coursework plus practice teaching has been found wanting. Despite attempts to rectify this, beginning teachers in Australia rate themselves as not being well prepared when they begin full-time teaching. This article examines these concerns before offering an alternative. There are two aspects to this new model: a clinical approach to teacher pre-service education, coupled with new roles, practices and structures designed to overcome the so-called theory–practice gap and to enable implementation of clinical, interventionist practice. However, the adoption of a clinical approach to teacher education and teaching practice requires understanding, knowledge, commitment and support from education leaders if the cycle of teachers teaching as they were taught is to be broken. Educational leaders require a thorough grounding in instructional leadership for clinical teaching if real change towards evidence-based teaching practice is to occur. | 2022-12-19T12:28:25.443Z |
157,385,829 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/17565529.2017.1301861",
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"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Household_adaptive_capacity_a_social_networks_approach_in_rural_South_Africa/4785526/1/files/7862302.pdf"
} | This article explores social network analysis (SNA) as a means to revise and expand the concept of adaptive capacity in household-level research on climate change adaptation. SNA has recently been integrated into research on adaptive capacity in the global change sciences, but often not at the household level. The methodology relies heavily on measuring food, money, wood and water, labour, and information about disease exchanges between households, all of which are referenced in previous work on adaptation in the developing world. The regional focus is the rural Eastern Cape of South Africa but results have wider geographic application. Results bring into question assumptions about adaptive capacity’s relationship to network centrality, one of the most common measures in SNA. This is particularly where exchanges of wood and water and the information about disease are concerned. In the case of the former, results controvert contemporary work on livelihoods and natural resource dependence, while the latter points to a need for further clarification on when households share information about their ill health. The use of network variables combined with other methods may allow for a more concrete understanding of household adaptive capacity in the rural developing world. | 2022-12-20T17:46:24.692Z |
145,073,197 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/13676261.2011.635193",
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} | This article builds on recent insights in the fear of crime research tradition which tackle the poor theoretical substructure of most studies on this topic. Recent advances have acknowledged that both a social psychological approach and the interpretation of fear of crime as a ‘sponge’, absorbing more abstract and fundamental concerns about one's place in society, are essential elements to improve the understanding of this complex and multifaceted phenomenon. In this contribution, these suggestions, expressed in the relationship between more general worries about the personal future and fear of crime, are implemented and tested in a sample of Flemish young adults (N=1121) aged 19 to 24 years. The results demonstrate the potential of combining both perspectives in the study of the determinants of fear of crime in the often neglected social category of young people. | 2022-12-24T20:38:22.159Z |
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