Datasets:
12ml
/
e-CARE

Dataset card Data Studio Files Community
1
idx
stringlengths
7
11
premise
stringlengths
8
175
question
stringclasses
2 values
choice1
stringlengths
8
213
choice2
stringlengths
8
192
label
int64
0
1
conceptual_explanation
stringlengths
13
107
train-800
Everything on the earth is subjected to gravity.
effect
The same is true of galaxy clusters.
Mammals have lived on earth from primitive ages till today in changing environments.
0
Gravity operates on objects of all sizes from subatomic particles to clusters of galaxies.
train-801
Leatherbacks came up.
cause
The captain recalled the most common species of sea turtle.
The fundamental frequency of the sound becomes an integer multiple.
0
Leatherbacks have the widest distribution of all sea turtle species.
train-802
Many military targets were destroyed in the war.
cause
The general used many Missiles.
The army aimed to kill all Ogres.
0
Missiles are used in war to destroy military targets.
train-803
Merchants will make more profits due to this policy.
cause
The municipal government launched the policy that the tariff would be cut down next month.
The municipal government launched the policy that the tariff would be raised next month.
0
Policy facilitates commerce.
train-804
Tom's soul was tortured.
cause
A killer murdered an old man.
Tom felt guilty for breaking the glass.
1
Guilt is arthritis of the soul.
train-805
Tom's appetite has decreased.
cause
Tom is eating a nut called walnut.
It's mating season.
1
Toms eat very little during mating season.
train-806
Juvenile iguanas only need to be kept in small cages.
effect
Tom's iguana is in a big cage.
Tom's iguana likes the small cage.
0
Iguanas reach adulthood.
train-807
Scientists have master the biotechnology.
effect
They can manipulate genes.
Biologists have discovered that dissociation has occurred.
0
Biotechnology enables genes to be manipulated.
train-808
Many systems in her body are affected.
cause
Jane shows symptoms of hypothyroidism.
There is polyp in Tom's body.
0
Hypothyroidism affects many systems in the body.
train-809
Therefore, greenhouses are often used in cold countries such as Canada.
cause
Crops do not grow well in cold countries.
Smog is a serious form of particulate pollution.
0
Greenhouses are used to grow crops in cold countries such as canada.
train-810
The boss recommended aquatic invertebrates to bill.
cause
Only the fishes that reach weight will be selected.
Bill is going to buy food for the new trout.
1
Trout depend on the aquatic invertebrates.
train-811
The white mouse has tested the preparation.
effect
They went to many places to get sedges and checked the bottom of each microdepressions.
The white mouse died.
1
Preparation mays have toxic effects.
train-812
This sturgeon is almost the same age as his grandfather.
cause
Tom had a sturgeon in his family when he was born.
This is a neutrinos of no mass.
0
Sturgeon can live as long as humans although little is known about their life cycles.
train-813
Tom was thinking of the explanation of species variation.
effect
Tom found the intuition of these scholars to be very accurate.
The notion of evolution occurred to him.
1
Evolution has explained variation.
train-814
Seasonal movements of herders are affected.
cause
The health of herders is affected.
The temperature varies from year to year.
1
Temperature influences seasonal movement.
train-815
He perfectly finished the mission.
cause
He removed the ligaments.
Tom used the tool.
1
Tools have significant values.
train-816
Tom saw many clouds.
cause
Tom looked up into the sky.
Tom observed the row of patterns.
0
Skies have clouds.
train-817
Experimenters use phenol directly.
cause
The experimenter wants to do electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.
This experiment requires a general solvent that can dissolve many substances in nature.
0
Phenol can do electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions very well.
train-818
Lucy bought many seeds of roses.
effect
She classifed them according to their characteristics.
She bought some medicines containing codeine.
0
Roses have characteristics.
train-819
Tgey reproduced their baby.
cause
These tuataras reached the age of ten.
The twins are from two fertilized egg.
0
Tuataras reproduce very slowly sometimes taking ten years to reach sexual maturity.
train-820
His skin showed the symptom of keratinization.
effect
He has myoclonus.
He was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma.
1
Keratinization is one of the diagnostic features of squamous cell carcinoma.
train-821
Max is a big winner in the capital market.
effect
His financial planner showed him recent yield.
He got a lot of wealth.
1
Wealth comes from capital markets.
train-822
The vehicle lost control.
cause
A tire was broken suddenly.
Jack installed a small resistor in the circuit.
0
Tires are the control of a vehicle.
train-823
He discovered that they had their own terms and nesting biology.
cause
He has done a lot of research on the nesting of owls.
The reporter interviewed many people who play baseball and other sports.
0
Owls have a specific nesting biology with their own terms.
train-824
The glass was dissolved by enough heat.
cause
The operationer increased the current by the threshold of the laser.
Beams were used on the glass.
1
Beams produce enough heat.
train-825
Jack planted dill.
effect
After the next summer roots of our plants were all healthy.
He found that it had strong taproots.
1
Dill produces strong taproots.
train-826
We are more connected than before.
cause
Trans fats lower good cholesterol and they raise bad cholesterol.
Mary joined our team.
1
Joins cause joins.
train-827
The amount of ions in paralyzed people is much less than that in the normal ones.
effect
The paralyzed people are less sensitive to nerve stimulation.
He found that overpopulated populations had higher concentrations of parasites.
0
Impulses travel through nerves because of ions.
train-828
Two men have conflicts in the street.
effect
It was suggested that they resolved conflicts through mediation.
It was suggested that they resolved conflicts through fight.
0
Mediation is a process used in helping people resolve conflicts.
train-829
He peeled off its shaggy coats to wear.
cause
This pig died.
This lechwes died.
1
Lechwes have shaggy coats.
train-830
He wanted to exchange dollars for other currencies.
effect
He exchanged dollars for some rupees.
He drove to that place.
0
Rupees are the type of currency.
train-831
The Anemone needs food.
effect
They compete for vegetables.
They compete for meat.
1
Anemones are meat eating animals.
train-832
Jack discriminates against disabled people.
effect
Others don't doubt his conlusions.
Jack discriminates against disabled people.
1
Ableism is prejudice towards dis abled people.
train-833
The production of some vaccines will be affected.
cause
The current business assets of this corporation is about 56 billion and the current business liabilities is about 10 billion.
Toxoids are in shortage in this factory.
1
Toxoids are the basis of some vaccines.
train-834
He brought the antihistamines at once.
cause
Tom ate the allergen---peanuts by mistake.
Tom need to take in Vitamin C.
0
Histamine is released by certain cells during an allergic reaction.
train-835
She had a different perception of the world.
cause
She watched many romantic films.
The baby has grown up.
0
Films affect perceptions.
train-836
Her breasts are swollen and sore.
cause
Lucy's breast milk can't be squeezed out.
She has breast cancer.
0
Mastitis occurs when milk stays stagnant in the breast.
train-837
Mary majored in geriatricians.
cause
David was interested in the functions of some drugs after seeing the movie.
Mary was interested in the care of older adults.
1
Geriatricians specialize in the care of older adults.
train-838
I had difficult eating food.
cause
My pharynx was injured.
Tom always eats barbecue food.
0
Pharynxs helps takin in food.
train-839
Tom is a manager in the bank.
effect
The analysis of the accounts is easy for him.
He directly make deals with clients.
1
Occupations involve direct exposure.
train-840
He ran out of moped gasoline.
effect
He can only move forward on the pedal.
He died of it.
0
Mopeds combine gas power with people pedaling.
train-841
The geologist intended to survey the geological structure of the bottom of this mountain.
effect
He first searched for the tall trees.
The geologist took several months to reach the bottom of the mountain under the surface of the ground.
1
Mountains have deep roots under the surface of the ground.
train-842
Pork sales in Northwest China are dismal.
cause
The main culture in Northwest China is Islamic culture.
The main culture in Northwest China is Marxism culture.
0
Culture has immediate impact.
train-843
This girl grew to 14 years old.
effect
She showed a transition to be bolshy.
Her skating speed on the ice has increased significantly.
0
Transitions occur at ages.
train-844
Soil is usually moist along the rivers.
effect
Willows often grow beside rivers.
It is harder for them to resist the warmth in winter.
0
Willows require moist soil.
train-845
Mike majored in ceramics.
cause
Mike was interested in science of solids.
Mike enjoyed great pleasure when he played football.
0
Ceramics is a science of solids.
train-846
I held those documents transfering his to me.
cause
He held a number of patents for his many innovations.
John signed the deeds related to his property.
1
Deeds are the documents used to transfer property.
train-847
The clothes that he hangs on the robes are easily attached by rhizopus.
cause
Tom lives in a forest where the weather is warm and moist.
He is an attendant in this hotel.
0
Rhizopus can develop in warm humid conditions.
train-848
These chimps are hungry.
effect
They drank some water.
They went to catch a lot of small monkeys in the forest.
1
Chimps eat the small monkeys they capture.
train-849
He began to speak for heresy.
cause
Jack has committed apostasy.
The teenager was taught to deny the truth of faith.
1
Heresy is the deliberate denial of a truth of faith.
train-850
Britain colonized the United States in the past.
effect
Weeds didn't grow as slowly as before.
During the colonization, American economic growth raced ahead.
1
Exploitation drives economic growth.
train-851
The manager in Shanghai wishes to talk to his staff in Shenzhen.
effect
He made a call for the specific purpose.
She advises that the boss change his decision.
0
Calls serve specific purposes.
train-852
She specializes in the treatment of cancer.
cause
Linda wants to rely on her own immune system instead of artifical medicines to fight cancer.
Maria is an oncologist.
1
Oncologists specialize in the treatment of cancer.
train-853
She goes to the toilet ten times a day.
cause
This woman has too much water in her body.
This woman has too much glucose in her body.
1
Hyperglycemia causes polyuria as excess glucose is excreted by the kidney.
train-854
Boss thinks Tom is potential.
effect
He has potential to have greater achievement.
Boss arranges him into the human resource department.
1
Arrangements present potential.
train-855
The researcher studied the creatures in the second stage.
effect
He studied the creatures in two years.
He studied creatures in million years.
1
Stages span million years.
train-856
There are two types of ions.
effect
Both of them are anions.
One is cation and the other is anion.
1
Anions are one of the two types of ions.
train-857
Many classmates cared for it very much.
cause
The manager wrote his advice in the email.
The monitor brought a pet iguana.
1
Iguanas are high care pets.
train-858
We knew how to calculate it by a function with a set domain.
cause
I just realized the just measure.
The teacher taught us probability.
1
Probability is a function with a set domain.
train-859
The doctor treated her with spectinomycin.
cause
Marie was infected with gonorrhoeae during pregnancy.
Lucy's physical condition cannot support her to give birth to a child.
0
Spectinomycin is used to treat certain gonococcal infections during pregnancy.
train-860
Biology students observe arterioles.
effect
Biology students have observed the membrane of arterioles.
Biology students have observed smooth muscle and less elastic tissue.
1
Arterioles have less elastic tissue but have smooth muscle.
train-861
Many squash bugs attacked this field.
effect
People inside felt the loss of warm.
The farmer bought pesticides to kill them.
1
Pests include squash bugs.
train-862
Tom has a heart attack.
effect
The doctor asked him to do an electrocardiogram.
It's the side effect after having an operation.
0
Electrocardiography is used to detect changes in the electrical activity of the heart.
train-863
Amy was memorizing the difference between milligram and milliliter.
cause
There's a dispute on the second floor.
Amy was confused by the concepts of milligram and milliliter.
1
Milligrams measure an object's mass while milliliters measure the volume of liquids.
train-864
The worker has splited a lot of steam.
effect
She gave thousands of rewards.
It was rainy now.
1
Vapour contributes to precipitation.
train-865
My son stared at the eyes of magpies.
effect
He found their eyes are big like hippos.
He found their eyes are dull red.
1
Magpies have dull red eyes.
train-866
His teacher critizes him for being a bully.
cause
Jack is intentionally mean to other kids on a regular bases.
Tom is studying English at school.
0
Bullies are kids who are intentionally mean to other kids on a regular basis.
train-867
There are a lot of dull dead skin on Tom's face.
effect
He should eat more carrots which is rich in carotenoids.
Tom did an exfoliation.
1
Exfoliation is the removal of dull dead surface skin.
train-868
The boss looked for an annually renewable natural material the by-product of harvested grains.
effect
The farmer recommended straw to him.
He is selecting one in the shop.
0
Straw is an annually renewable natural material the by-product of harvested grains.
train-869
Astrophysicists answer by studying the properties of light.
cause
Ask what celestial physicists like best.
Conduct research on astrophysicists and ask what their tasks are mainly focused on.
1
Astrophysicists spend a great deal of time studying the properties of light.
train-870
Yunnan has a warm climate in fact.
effect
There are advantages in planting flowers here.
Such substance can be detected in atmospheres.
0
Advantage lies in facts.
train-871
The doctor warned her not to feed the baby with her breast milk recently.
cause
She took some prednisone.
The mother kangaroo has too much milk.
0
Prednisone does appear in breast milk in small amounts.
train-872
My dad considered it as safer food.
cause
I bought the food after exposure to irradiation.
My mom considers the Efficiency when she wastes her money.
0
Irradiation can also make food safer to eat.
train-873
There are two kind of fluid which is filled with different viscosity.
effect
Scientist can cleary classify them.
The viscosity of the fluid with strong flow is lower than the one of the fluid with weak flow.
1
Viscosity is associated with the ability of a fluid to flow freely.
train-874
Tom used zinc on thermal hyperalgesia due to partial nerve injury.
effect
The wound healed.
The thermal hyperalgesia was alleviated.
1
Zinc alleviates thermal hyperalgesia due to partial nerve injury.
train-875
He intook more vitamin D.
cause
Tom often eats pineapples.
He wanted to had more calcium.
1
Intake increases calcium excretion.
train-876
The geologists referred to the geological principles.
effect
They sum up many features.
They have done a perferct research about the area.
1
Geologists apply geologic principles.
train-877
They can take use of flowers to make honey.
cause
Bees are diligent.
The Chinese people were the first to popularize the use of fertilizers.
0
Bees have engineer skills.
train-878
Tom wants to make pasta.
effect
He kneaded a dough.
He wrote it down in his notebook.
0
Pasta makes from flour.
train-879
Noble gases are hard to be reagents.
effect
Starch can react with Fehlin reagent.
Gasses in balloons wont react easily.
1
Balloons contain noble gases.
train-880
The experimenters dabbled in more natural resources.
cause
Experimenters want more access to energy.
Only one year passed.
0
Energy exists in natural sources.
train-881
Some waders were caught.
cause
Peregrines passed by the river.
They walked in a city.
0
Peregrines regularly prey on waders.
train-882
She studies the intensity of singing.
cause
Lily practices high pitch everyday.
Lily wants to be a dancer.
0
Pitch is related to intensity.
train-883
The jaw of this skull has an additional joint.
effect
Adult males grow beards on their jaws.
This skull belongs to cynodonts.
1
Cynodonts have an additional joint in their jaws.
train-884
The master followed his beagles and found the thief.
cause
Tom was asked to review the procedures carefully.
The thief left his scent on the road.
1
Beagles follow scent.
train-885
Tom has many kinds of hammers.
effect
He fnished many buildings.
The psychiatrist cured Tom of his mental illness.
0
Hammers builds.
train-886
Ruhr's bronchioles provide oxygen.
effect
Ruhr's lobules are oxygen absorbing.
He intakes much air.
0
Bronchioles provide air to lobules.
train-887
The girl was tripped by a stone.
effect
She is adiviced to take some tamoxifen.
The girl had a fell.
1
Trippings cause fallings.
train-888
The cubs of female mammals live on milk.
cause
The nipples of female mammals can secrete milk.
Elsa's boss asked Elsa to assemble the characters of the text data.
0
Nipples allow female mammals to nurse their offspring.
train-889
Michelle is an experienced yogis.
effect
Other consulted her about how to develop inner vision.
Other consulted her about how to develop Kung Fu.
0
Yogis develop inner vision.
train-890
Sepsis ranked first, followed by pulmonary complications.
cause
National Statistics on morbidity and mortality.
Jack suffers from sepsis.
0
Sepsis is the most common cause of death followed by pulmonary complications.
train-891
Mary cannot concentrate on her work.
cause
Mary feels uncomfortable this morning.
Mary keeps being disturbed by her colleagues.
0
Sickness affects women.
train-892
The ratio of the drift velocity to the strength of the electric field is obvious.
cause
Mobility value has been given.
Tom's car got magnetized by electromagnets.
0
Mobility is the ratio of the drift velocity to the strength of the electric field.
train-893
Their subject was the study of free-swimming scavengers.
effect
They chose to study ostracods and wrote a report.
One of the chapters is the study of cheetahs.
0
Ostracods are free-swimming scavengers.
train-894
The doctor has found rotaviruse.
effect
He saw no proteins on the virus after a long time.
He found chromatids.
0
Rotaviruses change their surface proteins over time.
train-895
Jack pondered how to preserve the antique.
cause
The merchant infringes Jack's intellectual properties.
John bought an antique.
1
Preservation becomes concern.
train-896
The doctor prescribed Tom a bottle of decongestant.
cause
Tom had a stuffy nose due to the flu these two days.
Tom had terrible acne these days.
0
Decongestants reduce nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels.
train-897
This kills the bacteria on the pimples.
cause
Tom collected some seawater.
Lily applied the gel on the pimples.
1
Gels have antibacterial properties.
train-898
The police can identify criminals with their fingerprints.
cause
The ridges on everyone's skin are different.
Capital is not active this year.
0
Fingerprints are impressions created by ridges on the skin.
train-899
Their uniqueness was known.
cause
Ospreys were seen to carrying their food.
Human have soul.
0
Osprey have a unique way of carrying their food.