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- ## Model Configuration
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-
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- ### Base Model
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-
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- ```json
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- {
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- "base_model": "google/gemma-7b-it"
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- }
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- ```
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-
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- ### LoRA Configuration
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-
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- ```json
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- {
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- "lora_config": {
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- "lora_alpha": 32,
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- "lora_dropout": 0.05,
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- "lora_r": 16,
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- "lora_modulus": [
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- "q_proj",
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- "v_proj",
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- "o_proj",
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- "up_proj",
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- "down_proj"
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- ]
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- }
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- }
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- ```
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-
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- ### Experiment Tracking
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-
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- - **Weights & Biases Run**: [View Run Details](https://wandb.ai/nexaai/nexa-sft-alex/runs/2fzr2wx9)
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-
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  ---
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- This format provides a clear separation between the model's base configuration, the specific LoRA configuration, and a link to the experiment tracking, making it easier to understand and navigate.
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-
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- # Model Card for Model ID
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-
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- <!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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-
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-
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-
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- ## Model Details
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-
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- ### Model Description
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-
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- <!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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-
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- This is the model card of a 🤗 transformers model that has been pushed on the Hub. This model card has been automatically generated.
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-
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- - **Developed by:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Funded by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Shared by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
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- - **License:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Model Sources [optional]
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-
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- <!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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-
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- - **Repository:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Paper [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ## Uses
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-
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- <!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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-
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- ### Direct Use
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-
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- <!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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-
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Downstream Use [optional]
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-
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- <!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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-
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Out-of-Scope Use
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-
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- <!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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-
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Recommendations
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-
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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- Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
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-
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- ## How to Get Started with the Model
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- Use the code below to get started with the model.
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Training Details
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- ### Training Data
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-
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Training Procedure
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-
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- <!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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- #### Preprocessing [optional]
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-
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Training Hyperparameters
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- - **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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- #### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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-
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- <!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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-
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- [More Information Needed]
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  ## Evaluation
 
 
 
 
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- <!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
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-
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- ### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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- #### Testing Data
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- #### Factors
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- <!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Metrics
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- <!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Results
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Summary
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- ## Model Examination [optional]
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- <!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Environmental Impact
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- <!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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- Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- - **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Compute Region:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
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- ## Technical Specifications [optional]
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- ### Model Architecture and Objective
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Compute Infrastructure
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Hardware
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Software
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Citation [optional]
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- <!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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- **BibTeX:**
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- [More Information Needed]
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- **APA:**
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Glossary [optional]
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- <!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## More Information [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Model Card Authors [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Model Card Contact
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- [More Information Needed]
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+ ---
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+ license: apache-2.0
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ tags:
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+ - gemma
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+ - function calling
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+ - on-device language model
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+ - android
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+ - conversational
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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+ # Octopus V1: On-device language model for function calling of software APIs
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+ <p align="center">
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+ - <a href="https://www.nexa4ai.com/" target="_blank">Nexa AI Product</a>
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+ - <a href="https://nexaai.github.io/octopus" target="_blank">ArXiv</a>
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+ </p>
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+
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+ <p align="center" width="100%">
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+ <a><img src="Octopus-logo.jpeg" alt="nexa-octopus" style="width: 40%; min-width: 300px; display: block; margin: auto;"></a>
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+ </p>
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+
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+ ## Introducing Octopus-V2-2B
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+ Octopus-V2-2B, an advanced open-source language model with 2 billion parameters, represents Nexa AI's research breakthrough in the application of large language models (LLMs) for function calling, specifically tailored for Android APIs. Unlike Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods, which require detailed descriptions of potential function arguments—sometimes needing up to tens of thousands of input tokens—Octopus-V2-2B introduces a unique **functional token** strategy for both its training and inference stages. This approach not only allows it to achieve performance levels comparable to GPT-4 but also significantly enhances its inference speed beyond that of RAG-based methods, making it especially beneficial for edge computing devices.
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+
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+ 📱 **On-device Applications**: Octopus-V2-2B is engineered to operate seamlessly on Android devices, extending its utility across a wide range of applications, from Android system management to the orchestration of multiple devices. Further demonstrations of its capabilities are available on the [Nexa AI Research Page](https://nexaai.github.io/octopus), showcasing its adaptability and potential for on-device integration.
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+
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+ 🚀 **Inference Speed**: When benchmarked, Octopus-V2-2B demonstrates a remarkable inference speed, outperforming the combination of "Llama7B + RAG solution" by a factor of 36X on a single A100 GPU. Furthermore, compared to GPT-4-turbo (gpt-4-0125-preview), which relies on clusters A100/H100 GPUs, Octopus-V2-2B is 168% faster. This efficiency is attributed to our **functional token** design.
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+
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+ 🐙 **Accuracy**: Octopus-V2-2B not only excels in speed but also in accuracy, surpassing the "Llama7B + RAG solution" in function call accuracy by 31%. It achieves a function call accuracy comparable to GPT-4 and RAG + GPT-3.5, with scores ranging between 98% and 100% across benchmark datasets.
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+
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+ 💪 **Function Calling Capabilities**: Octopus-V2-2B is capable of generating individual, nested, and parallel function calls across a variety of complex scenarios.
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+
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+ ## Example Use Cases
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+ <p align="center" width="100%">
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+ <a><img src="tool-usage-compressed.png" alt="ondevice" style="width: 80%; min-width: 300px; display: block; margin: auto;"></a>
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+ </p>
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+
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+ You can run the model on a GPU using the following code.
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+ ```python
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+ from gemma.modeling_gemma import GemmaForCausalLM
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+ from transformers import AutoTokenizer
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+ import torch
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+ import time
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+
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+ def inference(input_text):
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+ start_time = time.time()
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+ input_ids = tokenizer(input_text, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
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+ input_length = input_ids["input_ids"].shape[1]
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+ outputs = model.generate(
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+ input_ids=input_ids["input_ids"],
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+ max_length=1024,
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+ do_sample=False)
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+ generated_sequence = outputs[:, input_length:].tolist()
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+ res = tokenizer.decode(generated_sequence[0])
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+ end_time = time.time()
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+ return {"output": res, "latency": end_time - start_time}
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+
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+ model_id = "NexaAIDev/android_API_10k_data"
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+ tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
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+ model = GemmaForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
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+ model_id, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto"
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+ )
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+
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+ input_text = "Take a selfie for me with front camera"
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+ nexa_query = f"Below is the query from the users, please call the correct function and generate the parameters to call the function.\n\nQuery: {input_text} \n\nResponse:"
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+ start_time = time.time()
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+ print("nexa model result:\n", inference(nexa_query))
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+ print("latency:", time.time() - start_time," s")
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+ ```
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ## Evaluation
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+ <p align="center" width="100%">
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+ <a><img src="latency_plot.jpg" alt="ondevice" style="width: 80%; min-width: 300px; display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 20px;"></a>
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+ <a><img src="accuracy_plot.jpg" alt="ondevice" style="width: 80%; min-width: 300px; display: block; margin: auto;"></a>
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+ </p>
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+ ## License
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+ This model was trained on commercially viable data and is under the [Nexa AI community disclaimer](https://www.nexa4ai.com/disclaimer).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ## References
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+ We thank the Google Gemma team for their amazing models!
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+ ```
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+ @misc{gemma-2023-open-models,
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+ author = {{Gemma Team, Google DeepMind}},
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+ title = {Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology},
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+ url = {https://goo.gle/GemmaReport},
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+ year = {2023},
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+ }
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+ ```
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ## Citation
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+ ```
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+ @misc{TODO}
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+ ```
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+ ## Contact
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+ Please [contact us]([email protected]) to reach out for any issues and comments!