### Question: Describe the physical and economic landscape of the jurisdiction as outlined in the plan. Include the name of the planning jurisdiction, its location, population, demographics, and average income. Include major geographic features such as mountains, rivers, deserts, and coastline, as well as any key infrastructure like airports or seaports. Highlight details about the local climate, including any mentions of aridity or water challenges. Additionally, summarize the city’s energy production (oil, gas, renewables) and natural resources, and provide information about industries and economic drivers that are crucial to the region.
**Answer:**
The plan does not provide specific details on the physical and economic landscape of the City of Glendale, including its location, population, demographics, average income, or detailed geographic features. It also does not mention key infrastructure like airports or seaports, nor does it provide explicit information regarding the local climate, such as aridity or water challenges, energy production, natural resources, industries, or economic drivers crucial to the region.
The document primarily focuses on the sustainability initiatives and climate change policies adopted by the City of Glendale. If such details are critical, they may need to be sourced from other documents or resources outside of the current plan provided.
### Question: To what extent does the plan address resilience, mitigation, and adaptation? After providing a brief summary of how it addresses each component, classify the plan as a whole as one of the following: mitigation dedicated, adaptation/resilience dedicated, mitigation only climate action plan, mitigation primary climate action plan, equal mitigation and adaptation climate action plan, or sustainable/green plan.
**Answer:**
**Resilience:**
The plan includes several strategies that contribute to building resilience, although it does not comprehensively address resilience as a standalone focus. For instance, the plan mentions the development of a "Climate Adaptation Plan" which is crucial for preparing for climate change effects like air quality, fires, floods, and energy and water supply (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations Page 55 of 100). Additionally, it highlights the importance of a "Smart Grid Installation," which improves efficiency and response time, potentially aiding in resilience across multiple sectors (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations Page 54 of 100).
**Mitigation:**
The plan has a strong focus on mitigation through specific GHG reduction targets and strategies. It sets a target for reducing GHG emissions by 6,352 MTCO2e by 2020 and an additional 4,834 MTCO2e by 2035 (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations Page 18 of 100). The plan addresses various domains, including energy efficiency, transportation, and waste management, to mitigate climate change effects. It also discusses the statutory requirement under SB 375 to establish regional transportation-related greenhouse gas targets (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations Page 15 of 100).
**Adaptation:**
Adaptation is addressed but not as extensively as mitigation. The plan acknowledges the inevitability of additional climate impacts despite mitigation efforts. It notes the need for "adaptation planning" and the development of a "Climate Adaptation Plan" (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations Page 18 of 100). It also briefly discusses climate impacts specific to Glendale, such as high fire hazard areas and air pollution susceptibility (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations Page 18 of 100).
**Classification of the Plan:**
Overall, the plan can be classified as a **sustainable/green plan**. This is because it comprehensively addresses various sustainability aspects, including both mitigation and some elements of adaptation and resilience, as part of a broader approach to sustainability.
### Question: Does the plan describe a scenario of climate change the planning jurisdiction will face and for which it is planning climate policies for resilience, mitigation, and adaptation? If so, please summarize any such scenario.
**Answer:**
Yes, the plan describes several scenarios of climate change that the planning jurisdiction, Glendale, will face and for which it is planning climate policies for resilience, mitigation, and adaptation. These scenarios include:
- **Increased Average Temperatures and Temperature Extremes:** The plan notes that "California is already experiencing the effects of climate change," with increased average temperatures and changes in temperature extremes. These trends are expected to continue and intensify (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Climate Change Adaptation).
- **Reduced Snow Pack and Water Supply Strain:** The reduced snow pack in the Sierra Nevada is expected to further strain Glendale's water supply (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Climate Change Adaptation).
- **Increased Frequency of Extreme Weather Events:** Extreme weather events, such as heat waves, droughts, and floods, are expected to intensify (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Climate Change Adaptation).
- **High Fire Hazard Areas and Mudslide Danger:** With 62% of Glendale's land area within a high fire hazard area, largely due to the urban-wildland interface, there is a severe mudslide danger for years following wildfires (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Climate Change Adaptation).
- **Air Pollution Exacerbated by Geography and Weather Patterns:** The city faces a higher than average susceptibility to freeway air pollution due to its location near major freeways and its position in the South Coast Air Basin, where pollution becomes trapped (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Climate Change Adaptation).
- **Increased Risks to Water Supplies and Ecosystems:** The Southwest region, including Glendale, should expect increasing scarcity of water supplies, transformation of landscapes due to temperature increases, drought, wildfire, and invasive species, and increased risks to people, ecosystems, and infrastructure due to altered timing of flooding (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Climate Change Impacts).
These scenarios highlight the need for climate policies focusing on resilience, mitigation, and adaptation to address these anticipated changes and impacts.
### Question: What climate hazards does the plan identify as presenting climate risks for the planning jurisdiction? For each identified climate hazard, summarize the plan’s description of: 1. The climate hazard. 2. The climate risks it poses to the planning jurisdiction. 3. Areas or populations with the most climate vulnerability to the identified climate hazard.Generate a numbered list of every hazard identified in the plan. Make the list as long as necessary to accomodate every single hazard.
**Answer:**
**1. Increased Temperatures and Heat Waves**
- **Climate Hazard:** The plan notes that California is experiencing "increased average temperatures, changes in temperature extremes," and that "extreme weather events, such as heat waves...are expected to intensify."
- **Climate Risks:** Higher temperatures exacerbate poor air quality and high fire hazard conditions. They lead to higher electrical demand and strain water supply due to reduced snow pack in the Sierra Nevada.
- **Areas or Populations with Vulnerability:** The document does not specify particular populations vulnerable to heat waves, but it does mention that the overall City of Glendale will face challenges, particularly its "emergency response teams."
**2. Drought**
- **Climate Hazard:** The plan indicates that droughts are expected to intensify as part of extreme weather events.
- **Climate Risks:** Drought conditions can exacerbate water supply challenges, especially in combination with higher temperatures and reduced snow pack.
- **Areas or Populations with Vulnerability:** No specific mention of vulnerable populations or areas is made in relation to drought.
**3. Wildfires**
- **Climate Hazard:** With 62% of Glendale’s land area within a high fire hazard area, wildfires are a significant risk heightened by hilly terrain and urban-wildland interface areas.
- **Climate Risks:** Wildfires pose severe danger, including mudslide risk for years following fires. They also exacerbate air pollution and threaten residential neighborhoods.
- **Areas or Populations with Vulnerability:** Residential neighborhoods in the urban-wildland interface are particularly vulnerable.
**4. Flooding and Mudslides**
- **Climate Hazard:** The plan mentions "severe mudslide danger for years following wildfires" as a significant risk.
- **Climate Risks:** Mudslides can cause significant damage to infrastructure and pose threats to safety, especially after wildfires.
- **Areas or Populations with Vulnerability:** Areas previously affected by wildfires are particularly vulnerable to mudslides.
**5. Air Pollution**
- **Climate Hazard:** Glendale is susceptible to freeway air pollution due to four major freeways passing through it, and its location in the South Coast Air Basin where pollution becomes trapped.
- **Climate Risks:** Air pollution poses health risks, particularly exacerbated by heat waves, which can further degrade air quality.
- **Areas or Populations with Vulnerability:** The entire city is affected due to its geography and infrastructure, but no specific populations are identified as more vulnerable.
The plan describes these climate hazards and risks primarily in the context of Glendale's unique geographical and environmental conditions, but does not detail specific vulnerable populations for each hazard, except in general terms related to geographic areas.
### Question: What resilience options are identified in the plan? For each option, summarize: 1. The specific climate threat it addresses; 2. Details on cost, timeframe, and location, including any references found in tables, charts, or images that might contain this data; 3. Other important attributes, such as economic, environmental, or infrastructural considerations.
**Answer:**
**Resilience Options Identified in the Plan:**
1. **Smart Grid Installation**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** The Smart Grid installation primarily aims to improve operational efficiency and response times, indirectly addressing climate threats like extreme weather events that can disrupt energy supply.
- **Details on Cost, Timeframe, and Location:** The plan indicates that the benefits from the Smart Grid installation will continue for 15 years. However, specific cost details are not quantified in the document. The installation is part of the city's municipal operations.
- **Other Important Attributes:** The Smart Grid system is expected to improve communication and information sharing across departments, which can lead to reduced resource consumption in sectors like energy and water. This reflects both economic and infrastructural benefits by potentially lowering costs and enhancing system resilience.
2. **Develop a Climate Adaptation Plan**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** This option is designed to systematically plan for the various impacts of climate change that Glendale may face, such as increased temperatures, droughts, and extreme weather events.
- **Details on Cost, Timeframe, and Location:** The document does not specify costs or a detailed timeline for the Climate Adaptation Plan. However, it is included as a priority in the city's sustainability efforts.
- **Other Important Attributes:** Developing a Climate Adaptation Plan is crucial for institutional readiness and ensures that the city's policies and infrastructure can effectively respond to climate-related challenges.
3. **Green Purchasing Policy Enhancement**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** While not directly targeting a specific climate threat, enhancing the Green Purchasing Policy aims to reduce overall environmental impact, which can contribute to increased resilience against resource scarcity.
- **Details on Cost, Timeframe, and Location:** The plan suggests exploring enhancements to the existing policy but does not provide specific cost or timeframe details. The policy would be applicable city-wide across all departments.
- **Other Important Attributes:** By prioritizing sustainable procurement, the city aims to reduce waste and emissions, which can have long-term economic benefits and enhance environmental sustainability.
**References:**
- The resilience options are mentioned under "Cross-Cutting Approaches" (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 54 of 100).
- The "Smart Grid Installation" is described in the same section, detailing its potential benefits over a 15-year period.
- The document mentions the development of a Climate Adaptation Plan and enhancing the Green Purchasing Policy as part of the broader sustainability and resilience strategy.
### Question: What mitigation options does the plan identify? For each identified mitigation option, summarize the information provided in the plan regarding cost, timing, location, and other important attributes.
**Answer:**
**Mitigation Options Identified in the Plan:**
1. **Renewable Energy Portfolio**
- **Cost:** Not specified.
- **Timing:** By 2035.
- **Location:** Not specified.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 1,556 MTCO2e (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 11).
2. **Planting Trees**
- **Cost:** $761,600.
- **Timing:** 3,400 trees by 2020.
- **Location:** Urban Nature category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 868 MTCO2e; simple payback of 21 years (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
3. **Electric Vehicles**
- **Cost:** $346,602.
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Transportation category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 222 MTCO2e; simple payback of 3.5 years (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
4. **Hybrid Vehicles**
- **Cost:** $126,399.
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Transportation category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 83 MTCO2e; simple payback of 3.5 years (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
5. **Energy Upgrades on Buildings**
- **Cost:** $542,494.
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Energy category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 349 MTCO2e; simple payback of 7.5 years on average (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
6. **Reflective Roofing**
- **Cost:** $58,576.
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Energy category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 165 MTCO2e; simple payback of 0.2 years (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
7. **HVAC EE Upgrades**
- **Cost:** $916,746.
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Energy category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 308 MTCO2e; simple payback of 1.5 years (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
8. **LED Exit Signs**
- **Cost:** $5,700.
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Energy category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 20 MTCO2e; simple payback of 0.1 years (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
9. **Idle-Control Policy**
- **Cost:** $0 (incremental cost).
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Transportation category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 12 MTCO2e (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
10. **Downsizing Vehicles**
- **Cost:** $0 (incremental cost).
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Transportation category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 47 MTCO2e (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
11. **Energy Star Computers**
- **Cost:** $0 (incremental cost).
- **Timing:** Not specified.
- **Location:** Energy category.
- **Other Attributes:** Estimated GHG reduction of 11 MTCO2e (Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 16).
**Note:** Many of these options do not have specific location details provided within the plan.
### Question: What mitigation options does the plan identify? For each identified mitigation option, summarize the information provided in the plan regarding cost, timeframe, location, and other important attributes.
**Answer:**
**Mitigation Options Identified in the Plan:**
1. **Increased Renewable Energy Portfolio by 2035**
- **GHG Reduction:** 1,556 MTCO2e
- **Location:** Not specified
- **Cost:** Not quantified
- **Timeframe:** By 2035
- **Attributes:** Aim to increase the renewable energy portfolio, contributing to the overall GHG reduction target of 17,679 MTCO2e by 2035. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
2. **Hybrid Vehicles**
- **GHG Reduction:** 83 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** $126,399 (Incremental cost)
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2 (Requires staff time but not significant additional funding)
- **Attributes:** Adoption of hybrid vehicles to reduce emissions. Simple payback of 3.5 years. *(Sample Cost-Benefit Analysis)*
3. **Electric Vehicles**
- **GHG Reduction:** 222 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** $346,602 (Incremental cost)
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Switching to electric vehicles as a measure to reduce GHG emissions. Simple payback of 3.5 years. *(Sample Cost-Benefit Analysis)*
4. **Solar Panels on 8 Buildings**
- **GHG Reduction:** 148 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Installation of solar panels on municipal buildings to enhance renewable energy use. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
5. **Reflective Roofing**
- **GHG Reduction:** 165 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** $58,576 (Incremental cost)
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Use of reflective roofing to increase energy efficiency with a simple payback of 0.2 years. *(Sample Cost-Benefit Analysis)*
6. **LED Street Lights**
- **GHG Reduction:** 2,507 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 3
- **Attributes:** Implementation of LED street lights to reduce energy consumption. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
7. **Energy Upgrades on 8 Buildings**
- **GHG Reduction:** 349 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** $542,494
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Energy upgrades to municipal buildings, with an average simple payback of 7.5 years. *(Sample Cost-Benefit Analysis)*
8. **Switch B10 Biodiesel to B20 Biodiesel**
- **GHG Reduction:** 765 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Transition from B10 to B20 biodiesel to improve fuel sustainability. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
9. **Energy Efficiency Upgrades**
- **GHG Reduction:** 1,018 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 3
- **Attributes:** Additional energy efficiency upgrades to further reduce emissions. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
10. **Plant Additional 7,750 Trees by 2035**
- **GHG Reduction:** 1,978 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** By 2035
- **Attributes:** Tree planting to enhance urban nature and sequester carbon. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
11. **Facility Energy Efficiency Policy**
- **GHG Reduction:** Not quantified
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Policy development to enhance energy efficiency in facilities. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
12. **Implement Zero Waste Plan**
- **GHG Reduction:** 35 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Waste reduction strategy to minimize environmental impact. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
13. **Rideshare Increased Incentives/Outreach**
- **GHG Reduction:** 119 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 2
- **Attributes:** Encouragement of ridesharing to reduce transportation emissions. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
14. **Retire Underused/Older Vehicles**
- **GHG Reduction:** 221 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 1
- **Attributes:** Phasing out older vehicles to reduce emissions. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
15. **Energy Vending Misers**
- **GHG Reduction:** 41 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 1
- **Attributes:** Energy-saving devices for vending machines to cut down on energy usage. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
16. **Downsizing Vehicles**
- **GHG Reduction:** 47 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 1
- **Attributes:** Reducing vehicle size for better fuel efficiency. *(Summary Table: Greener Glendale Plan Strategies)*
17. **Idle Control Policy**
- **GHG Reduction:** 12 MTCO2e
- **Cost:** Not specified
- **Timeframe:** Phase 1
- **Attributes:** Policy to limit vehicle idling, reducing emissions. *(Sample Cost-Benefit Analysis)*
These mitigation options are part of a comprehensive approach to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Glendale, focusing on energy efficiency, transportation improvements, and sustainable urban development.
### Question: What adaptation options does the plan identify? For each identified adaptation option, summarize: 1. The climate threat it is addressing. 2. Information provided in the plan regarding cost, timeframe, location, and other important attributes.
**Answer:**
Based on the provided document, the plan identifies the following adaptation options:
### **1. Climate Adaptation Plan Development**
**Summary:**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** The plan aims to prepare for the effects of climate change, specifically addressing issues related to air quality, fires, floods, and energy and water supply.
- **Information Provided:**
- **Cost:** Not funded as of the current document status.
- **Timeframe:** Implementation actions needed were outlined for the periods 2011-2013, 2014-2016, and 2017-2020.
- **Location:** The adaptation plan is intended for the City of Glendale.
- **Other Important Attributes:** The plan emphasizes the importance of preparing for climate change impacts despite mitigation efforts and recognizes the geographical vulnerabilities of Glendale, such as high fire hazard areas and air pollution issues due to its location in the South Coast Air Basin.
**Quotation:**
- *"As covered in the 'Sustainability Focus Areas: Climate Adaptation' section of this report, it is critical that the City prepare for the effects of climate change, specifically air quality, fires, floods, and energy and water supply."* (Cross-Cutting Approaches)
### **2. Smart Grid Installation**
**Summary:**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** The Smart Grid installation addresses the threat of increased energy demand and potential service disruptions during extreme weather conditions, such as heat waves.
- **Information Provided:**
- **Cost:** Not quantified in the document.
- **Timeframe:** Benefits from the installation will continue for 15 years.
- **Location:** The implementation is for the City of Glendale, specifically within municipal operations.
- **Other Important Attributes:** The Smart Grid management system is expected to improve internal communication and operations efficiency, reducing resource consumption across multiple sectors including energy and water.
**Quotation:**
- *"GWP is transitioning to a Smart Grid management system, which will provide improvements in internal communication, information sharing, and operations efficiency. The ability to access dynamic information remotely and instantly enables better coordination, increased efficiency, and faster response time."* (Cross-Cutting Approaches)
### **3. Green Purchasing Policy Enhancement**
**Summary:**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** The enhancement of the Green Purchasing Policy indirectly addresses climate threats by reducing consumption, waste, and GHG emissions, contributing to broader climate adaptation goals.
- **Information Provided:**
- **Cost:** Not quantified in the document.
- **Timeframe:** Implementation actions needed from 2011-2013, with completion anticipated by 2020.
- **Location:** City of Glendale.
- **Other Important Attributes:** This initiative involves a preference for recycled, reusable, and recyclable products and seeks to identify additional purchasing guidelines for greater sustainability.
**Quotation:**
- *"The City’s Administrative Policy Manual (Purchasing Procedures: 3-12) mandates a 'preference for recycled, reusable and recyclable products.' In the interest of increased sustainability, the City may identify additional purchasing guidelines to further reduce consumption, waste, and greenhouse gas emissions."* (Cross-Cutting Approaches)
### Question: What climate policies does the plan identify to advance climate justice? For each climate policy, summarize: 1. The climate threat it is addressing. 2. Areas or populations with the most climate vulnerability to the identified climate hazard.
**Answer:**
The plan does not explicitly identify climate policies specifically targeted at advancing climate justice. However, it does discuss several climate policies and actions that could have implications for climate justice by addressing different climate threats. Let's examine these policies and the potential populations affected:
1. **California's Comprehensive Approach to Addressing Emissions**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** Greenhouse gas emissions contributing to climate change.
- **Vulnerable Areas/Populations:** The plan mentions the general role of local governments in reducing emissions, suggesting a focus on urban areas with high population density and significant automobile dependency, like Glendale. These areas are particularly vulnerable due to poor air quality exacerbated by high emissions.
2. **Expand Energy Efficiency Programs and Use Cleaner Energy Sources**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** High energy demand and associated emissions.
- **Vulnerable Areas/Populations:** Populations in areas with high energy costs and low-income communities that may struggle with energy affordability.
3. **Increase Waste Diversion, Composting, and Commercial Recycling Toward Zero-Waste**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** Methane emissions from landfills.
- **Vulnerable Areas/Populations:** Communities located near landfills and waste processing facilities, often including low-income and marginalized groups.
While the plan outlines strategies that indirectly address climate justice by targeting emissions and energy use, it does not specifically mention vulnerable populations or areas in terms of climate justice. Instead, it provides general strategies aimed at reducing emissions and improving sustainability, which can benefit vulnerable populations by improving air quality and reducing climate-related risks.
### Question: Identify any potential unforeseen maladaptive climate policies. For each identified climate policy, summarize: 1. The climate threat it is addressing. 2. The resilience, mitigation, or adaptation option that the climate policy proposes. 3. Why it may cause inadvertent maladaption.
**Answer:**
Based strictly on the content provided from the "Greener Glendale Plan," there are no explicit mentions of maladaptive climate policies. However, potential maladaptive consequences can be inferred from the strategies and objectives discussed. Below is an analysis based on the provided document:
1. **Policy: Smart Grid Installation (CC1)**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** The policy aims to address energy efficiency and improve resilience to energy disruptions, particularly during extreme weather events such as heat waves.
- **Resilience, Mitigation, or Adaptation Option:** The installation of a Smart Grid management system to improve internal communication, information sharing, and operational efficiency across municipal operations.
- **Potential Maladaptation:** While the Smart Grid system aims to increase efficiency and resilience, its reliance on technology and infrastructure could lead to increased vulnerability if not properly managed. For instance, a cyber-attack or technical failure could disrupt the system, leading to potential energy supply issues during critical times (e.g., extreme heat events). The document states: "*The ability to improve efficiency within municipal operations may considerably reduce City resource consumption across multiple sectors, such as staff labor, transportation, energy and water consumption, waste, and others.*" However, it does not address potential risks associated with technology dependency (Cross-Cutting Approaches).
2. **Policy: Green Purchasing Policy Enhancement (CC2)**
- **Climate Threat Addressed:** The policy aims to reduce consumption, waste, and greenhouse gas emissions.
- **Resilience, Mitigation, or Adaptation Option:** Exploring enhancements to the City’s Green Purchasing Policy to further promote the use of recycled, reusable, and recyclable products.
- **Potential Maladaptation:** Enhancing the Green Purchasing Policy could inadvertently lead to increased costs or limited availability of necessary products if alternatives are not adequately vetted for performance or supply chain stability. The document emphasizes sustainability but does not mention potential economic or practical constraints that could arise, leading to resource allocation issues or reduced effectiveness in achieving resilience goals (Cross-Cutting Approaches).
No other potential maladaptive climate policies are explicitly identified in the provided sections of the plan.
### Question: In what ways does the plan measure the success or failure of each adaptation, resilience, and mitigation option? List any specific metrics used, such as reductions in CO2 emissions, improvements in air quality, or other quantifiable impacts. Identify the exact units (e.g., tons, percentages, index values) mentioned in the plan for tracking these outcomes. Additionally, outline any concrete goals or targets set for each option, including deadlines or specific numerical objectives.
**Answer:**
**Metrics and Measurements for Adaptation, Resilience, and Mitigation Options:**
- **GHG Reduction Targets:**
- The plan has set specific targets for GHG reductions measured in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e).
- **2020 Target:** "6,352 MTCO2e by 2020" (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 18 of 100_).
- **2035 Target:** "An additional 4,834 MTCO2e by 2035" (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 18 of 100_).
- **Ambitious Target:** "30% below 2004 levels will be achieved. This amount is 17,679 MTCO2e" (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 9 of 100_).
- **Cumulative GHG Reduction:**
- The plan includes a "Cumulative GHG Reduction" metric that shows the running total of MTCO2e’s reduced for each measure and indicates at what point each GHG reduction target will be achieved (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 9 of 100_).
- **Performance Targets and Progress Indicators:**
- For each strategy, the City of Glendale has assigned "performance targets" that guide progress toward objectives, communicated in "Progress Indicator Timelines" (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 19 of 100_).
- **Implementation Timelines:**
- Implementation actions are tracked with timelines broken down into four phases:
- Short-term (2011-2013)
- Mid-term (2014-2016)
- Long-term (2017-2020)
- 2035 Goal (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 19 of 100_).
- **Emissions Reductions Symbols:**
- A series of symbols and percentage ranges is used to represent the emission reductions associated with each objective and its strategies:
- 0% - 10%
- 11% - 20%
- 21% - 30%
- 31% - 40% (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 17 of 100_).
**Concrete Goals or Targets:**
- **SB 375 Compliance:**
- SCAG’s proposed GHG reduction targets are "8% by 2020 and 13% by 2035" (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 15 of 100_).
- **Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy:**
- "Increased Renewable Energy Portfolio by 2035" with a target of "1,556 MTCO2e" (_Greener Glendale Plan: Municipal Operations, Page 11 of 100_).
- **Other Specific Targets:**
- The plan outlines improvements in areas such as energy efficiency, air quality, and water supply, although not all are quantified in the document.
These metrics, targets, and timelines provide a framework for measuring the success and progress of the strategies laid out in the plan, ensuring a structured approach to addressing climate change within the planning jurisdiction.
### Question: Generate a table that summarizes the following features from the document: Location/City Name, Population, Threats Identified, Measures Identified
**Answer:**
```markdown
| Feature | Description |
|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **Location/City Name** | City of Glendale |
| **Population** | The document does not provide a specific population number. |
| **Threats Identified** | - "Sixty-two percent of Glendale’s land area is within a high fire hazard area."
- "Susceptibility to freeway air pollution due to four major freeways."
- "Region’s air pollution level is notoriously high."
- "Heat waves exacerbate poor air quality and high fire hazard conditions."
- "Higher temperatures will lead to higher electrical demand, and reduced snow pack in the Sierra’s will further strain Glendale’s water supply." |
| **Measures Identified** | - "Adopt Green Fleet Policy"
- "Switch diesel to B10 biodiesel"
- "Installation of bike lanes and roadway markings"
- "Facility natural gas energy audit and upgrades"
- "Green Purchasing Policy"
- "Implement Zero Waste Plan"
- "Hybrid vehicles"
- "Solar panels on 8 buildings"
- "Reflective roofing"
- "Electric vehicles"
- "Energy upgrades on 8 buildings"
- "Switch B10 biodiesel to B20 biodiesel"
- "Additional facility energy efficiency upgrades"
- "Additional sustainability outreach" |
```