text: Prenatal interventions may be especially salient for the genetically predisposed fetus as indicated by research that stress during pregnancy activates genes linked to psychological disorders (Benes, 1997; Kaufer, Friedman, Seidman, and Soreq, 1998; Smith, Kim, Van Oers, and Levine, 1997; Stabenau, 1977; Van Os and Selten, 1998) via abnormal neurodevelopment (Kaufer et al., 1998; Senba and Ueyama, 1997).