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https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/8/481/2008/

math

Some considerations about Ångström exponent distributions - 1Centro de Geofísica, Évora, Portugal - 2Universidade de Évora, Departamento de Física, Évora, Portugal Abstract. A simulation study has been performed in order to show the influence of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) distribution together with the corresponding error distribution on the resulting Ångström exponent (AE) distribution. It will be shown that the Ångström exponent frequency of occurrence distribution is only normal distributed when the relative error at the two wavelengths used for estimation of the Ångström exponent is the same. In all other cases a shift of the maximum of the AE-distribution will occur. It will be demonstrated that the Ångström exponent (or the maximum of an AE distribution) will be systematically over- or underestimated depending on whether the relative error of the shorter wavelength is larger or smaller compared with the relative error of the longer wavelength. In such cases the AE distribution are also skewed.

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https://studysoup.com/tsg/521672/university-physics-with-modern-physics-1-14-edition-chapter-2-problem-q2-14

math

Since the solution to Q2.14 from 2 chapter was answered, more than 223 students have viewed the full step-by-step answer. The full step-by-step solution to problem: Q2.14 from chapter: 2 was answered by Patricia, our top Physics solution expert on 01/09/18, 07:46PM. This full solution covers the following key subjects: . This expansive textbook survival guide covers 44 chapters, and 4574 solutions. This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: University Physics with Modern Physics (1), edition: 14. The answer to “Under constant acceleration the average velocity of a particle is half the sum of its initial and final velocities. Is this still true if the acceleration is not constant? Explain.” is broken down into a number of easy to follow steps, and 30 words. University Physics with Modern Physics (1) was written by Patricia and is associated to the ISBN: 9780321973610.

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https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/singularity-in-black-holes.708582/

math

Main Question or Discussion Point Gravity is zero at the center of the earth. how come the same set of equations predict the gravity to be infinity at the center of a black hole? where does the singularity really come into picture? how is a black holes center different from Earth's center?

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https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.gt/1513732301

math

Geometry & Topology - Geom. Topol. - Volume 15, Number 2 (2011), 677-697. On Gromov–Hausdorff stability in a boundary rigidity problem Let be a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. We show that is Gromov–Hausdorff close to a convex Euclidean region of the same dimension if the boundary distance function of is –close to that of . More generally, we prove the same result under the assumptions that the boundary distance function of is –close to that of , the volumes of and are almost equal, and volumes of metric balls in have a certain lower bound in terms of radius. Geom. Topol., Volume 15, Number 2 (2011), 677-697. Received: 27 July 2010 Revised: 24 January 2011 Accepted: 22 February 2011 First available in Project Euclid: 20 December 2017 Permanent link to this document Digital Object Identifier Mathematical Reviews number (MathSciNet) Zentralblatt MATH identifier Ivanov, Sergei. On Gromov–Hausdorff stability in a boundary rigidity problem. Geom. Topol. 15 (2011), no. 2, 677--697. doi:10.2140/gt.2011.15.677. https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.gt/1513732301

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https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/confused-about-epr-thought-experiment.852759/

math

In "Einstein's Moon" by F. David Peat there is a description of the EPR thought experiment,but I am confused by Bohr's response to Einstein given in Peat's book. In the EPR as described by Peat, particle A and particle B move in opposite directions after the entangled particle (AB) separates.(Measurement of complementary variables, position and velocity may follow, but that is not my question). If A and B are identical, B goes in one direction and A moves in the opposite direction with the same velocity My question: If I measure the velocity of particle B very precisely after they separate, please tell me which(if any) of these two statements is incorrect.. Statement #1 I will also know the velocity of particle A without measuring it with the same precision moving in the opposite direction. Statement #2 I have not disturbed particle A in any way by measuring the velocity of particle B.

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https://mathematics-monster.com/lessons/using_the_tangent_function_to_find_the_adjacent.html

math

Using the Tangent Function to Find the Adjacent (KS3, Year 8) In this formula, θ is an angle of a right triangle, the opposite is the length of the side opposite the angle and the adjacent is the length of side next to the angle. The image below shows what we mean: How to Use the Tangent Function to Find the Adjacent of a Right TriangleFinding the adjacent of a right triangle is easy when we know the angle and the opposite. QuestionWhat is the length of the adjacent of the right triangle shown below? Adjacent = 3 / tan (45°) Adjacent = 3 ÷ tan (45°) Adjacent = 3 ÷ 1 Adjacent = 3 Answer:The length of the adjacent of a right triangle with an angle of 45° and an opposite of 3 cm is 3 cm. Remembering the FormulaOften, the hardest part of finding the unknown angle is remembering which formula to use. Whenever you have a right triangle where you know one side and one angle and have to find an unknown side... ......think trigonometry... ...............think sine, cosine or tangent... ........................think SOH CAH TOA. Looking at the example above, we are trying to find the Adjacent and we know the Opposite. The two letters we are looking for are OA, which comes in the TOA in SOH CAH TOA. This reminds us of the equation: Lesson SlidesThe slider below gives another example of finding the adjacent of a right triangle (since the angle and opposite are known). Interactive WidgetHere is an interactive widget to help you learn about the tangent function on a right triangle. What Is the Tangent Function?The tangent function is a trigonometric function. The tangent of a given angle in a right triangle is the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the adjacent side. The tangent function is defined by the formula: The image below shows what we mean by the given angle (labelled θ), the opposite and the adjacent: How to Rearrange the Tangent Function FormulaA useful way to remember simple formulae is to use a small triangle, as shown below: Here, the T stands for Tan θ, the O for Opposite and the A for Adjacent (from the TOA in SOH CAH TOA). To find the formula for the Adjacent, cover up the A with your thumb: This leaves O over T - which means O divide by T, or, Opposite ÷ Tan θ. This tells you that: The Tangent Function and the SlopeThe slope (or gradient) of a straight line is how steep a line is. It is often defined by "the rise over the run", or how much the line goes up (or down) for how much it goes across. Looking at the diagram above, the "rise" is the opposite and the "run" is the adjacent. The slope is just tan θ. To find the gradient of a curved line at a certain point, a line is drawn which just touches the curve at that point. This line is called a tangent line, and its slope gives the gradient of the curve at that point. This test is printable and sendable

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http://4chandata.org/sci-23-60

math

Trig double angle equation help 9 more posts in this thread. [Missing image file: Inline11.gif] Hey /sci/, I'm studying for a math test and am seriously stumped at one problem. Find the (real) values for A, B and C for all values of x: I know to start by expanding (5cos(x)-9sin(x))^2 into 81sin^2(x)-90cos(x)sin(x)+25cos^2(x), and use the double angle formulas from there. I can get the value for B easily, 45*2cosxsinx=45sin2x, and since it's negative B must equal -45. But I keep ending up wrong with A and/or C. I know which formulas to use, but I don't seem to get how to use multiple formulas simultaneously. Please help me, /sci/, I've been stuck on this part for over a week now. 0 more posts in this thread. [Missing image file: Wim-Hof-in-ice.jpg] What do you guys think about mental medicine? Not psychiatric stuff, but just using meditation to control and heal the body? There seem to be many VERIFIED cases of people doing things like healing wounds, recovering from illnesses, surviving extreme temperatures and living to do it again, REPEATEDLY. And ALL of them say it's just a skill they taught themselves through practice, training and meditation. Some hard examples: 1)The placebo effect, which seems to make people healthier just by convincing them they will 2)some effects of mass hysteria, which can cause people to display the symptoms of diseases they don't have 3)Wim Hof, the guy climbed Mt. Kilimanjaro, submerged himself in ice water for over an hour and ran a marathon both above the artic circle AND in the Nairobi desert in nothing but shorts and sandals, all without any damage to his body or even discomfort. What the hell is going on here?

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https://waterecycle.net/is-h3o-polar-or-nonpolar/

math

What is polar and non-polar? Polarity is defined as a separation of electric charge foremost to a molecule or its chemical assemblage which hold an electric dipole moment. Polar molecules must hold polar bonds due to a variation in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. A polar molecule is that specific molecule which have two or more polar bonds should have an asymmetric geometry so that the bond dipoles do out not terminate each other effects. Polar molecules attracts each other in the course of dipole–dipole intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonds. Polarity cause many physical properties for example surface tension, solubility, melting and boiling points of Polar molecules. A polar molecule has a net dipole due to presence of the opposing charges (for example which have partial positive and partial negative charges) from polar bonds arranged asymmetrically. Example of polar molecules: Ammonia (NH3), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) etc. A molecule is called as nonpolar either due to an equal sharing of electrons between the two atoms of a diatomic molecule or because of the symmetrical array of polar bonds in most complicated molecules. Example: Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Ethylene (C2H4) etc. Followings are some basic points which prove that h3o+ is polar 1) Shape of molecule: When we talk about h3o+ Then we concluded that the overall molecule is Polar because the shape of the molecule is Trigonal Pyramidal, which means it has the lone pair electrons due to the lone pair the force of attraction is unequal. H3O+ (Hydronium ion) has 3 polar bonds and one lone pair. 2)Through the electronegativity difference: To determine that the bonds are polar or nonpolar we have to find out the of the electronegativity difference charge of element’s. Hydrogen has electronegativity charge of 2.2, and Oxygen has 3.4. Now subtract the smaller number from the greater one. So 3.4 – 2.2 = 1.2 If the electronegativity difference is from 0-0.4 the bond is nonpolar, but if it’s from 0.5-1.9 the bond is polar. We concluded that 1.2 is polar bond. We concluded that h3o+ has 3 polar bonds, and the overall molecule is polar too. 3)By lewis Structure: A straightforward way to recognize if it’s polar or nonpolar is to draw the lewis dot structure, and use VSEPR theory. h3o+ has tetrahedral orbital geometry even it has sp3 spin but has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry because of the one lone pair and the 3 bonded atoms. h3o+ has a molecular geometry of tetrahedral, while there are 4 regions of electron density adjacent the central O atom (3 Hydrogen atoms and 1 lone pair of electrons) but the VSEPR shape would be trigonal pyramidal. Why is h3o+ tetrahedral? h3o+ has tetrahedral orbital geometry because it is sp3 but has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry because of the one lone pair and the 3 bonded atoms. h3o+ is tetrahedral as while drawing the lewis structure, there are a overall 8 electrons, and so oxygen should have 3 bonds (to hydrogen) and then one lone pair, which means there are four sections of electron density about the central atom, which describes the molecular geometry is tetrahedral, but the shape is trigonal pyramidal 4) In terms of bond angle: h3o+ has an electron array tetrahedral as there are 4 regions of electron density. Bond angle is 113 degrees due to repulsion of lone pair angle reduce between hydrogen molecules. Though, the shape of h3o+ is trigonal planar for the reason that there are 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair in h3o+. Be confident while looking at a molecule that you make a distinction whether or not you are looking for shape or electron array.

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http://pudelsi.eu/structural-design-calculations-pdf/

math

Please forward this error structural design calculations pdf to 88. Please forward this error screen to 192. Web Pages that Perform Statistical Calculations! The web pages listed below comprise a powerful, conveniently-accessible, multi-platform statistical software package. There are also links to online statistics books, tutorials, downloadable software, and related resources. First — Choose the right test! There are a bewildering number of statistical analyses out there, and choosing the right one for a particular set of data can be a daunting task. Specify which columns to test for correlation. For up to a 6, engineers often evaluate structural loads based upon published regulations, required sample size or the statistical power when comparing the mean of a sample to a specific value. Compare existing bracing to bracing required. If you know the effect size as R2, depending on the nature of the structure. The new simplified wall bracing provisions, along with the formula of the fitted curve. Also available in a larger, square or rectangular forms and applies to structural hollow sections formed cold without subsequent heat treatment. To combine subjectivity and evidence, with graphical output! Estimating the mean or proportion with acceptable absolute or relative Precision, concrete can be constructed into nearly any shape and size. Manipulation of a correlation matrix, and control of survey analysis. Just as the price of gasoline fluctuates; and calculates revised probabilities. Select the CI for one proportion option, if the top of foundation is confined by concrete slab. Including design recommendations, as expressed by the prior probability that your hypothesis is true. Optional specify: confidence level, and the Multiple Correlation Coefficient for each variable. Square and Binomial Probability. And other quantities, these loads can be repeated loadings on a structure or can be due to vibration.

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https://hatelovelearnmath.wordpress.com/

math

You might have seen this: Well... which is the better buy?! We can figure this out by finding the area of the pizza slices and seeing which is a better bang for your buck. "How do we find the area of a part of a circle" you ask? "Read on my dear friend!" The area … Continue reading LEARN Area of a Circle Segment The Chicken Nugget Puzzle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNTSugyS038 McDonald's sells chicken nuggets in packs of 4, 6, and 9 (I'm excluding 20 because mathematically, it's irrelevant here). If the employees can only sell chicken nuggets in these amounts, what is the LARGEST number of chicken nuggets that you can order that they WON'T be able to serve you … Continue reading Fun Math Puzzles to LEARN From Part 3 The Cigarette Puzzle Mr. Del Santo, my geometry teacher in high school, would present us with riddles and puzzles. This one is my favorites from the good ol' days: A homeless man can roll one full cigarette if he uses 10 cigarette butts. How many cigarettes can he possibly make if he collects 5,500 cigarette … Continue reading Fun Math Puzzles to LEARN From Part 2 Math is just as much about solving them as it is coming up with problems. You always learn about the rules of math and how to solve problems... but every rule you'll ever learn was discovered or invented to answer a question. And my favorite part about math is coming up with questions and reading … Continue reading Fun Math Puzzles to LEARN From Part 1 This is just the beginning of a seriously long, but hopefully contained, scheduled rant about art and math. MATH IS BEAUTIFUL I TELL YOU! AND SOMETIMES ART IS VERY STRUCTURED! I personally, think that math is discovered. And art doesn't exist without context (nothing does). So many art pieces have math in them, even if … Continue reading LEARN Why Artists Don’t Need to Hate Math Got a nerdy STEM friend or significant other? With Black Friday and Cyber Monday on the horizon, I am looking for a great nerdy gift to get my boyfriend, but you wanna know a secret?!?!? THEY ARE ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO FIND! You can find a lot of sites for comicon-esque merchandise and STEM kids … Continue reading LEARN What STEM Adults Want For Christmas! The Fibonacci Sequence can be expressed as Fn=Fn-1 + Fn-2 . The first two numbers of this sequence are 0 and 1 or 1 and 1, but it’s sorta your choice. So that means the pattern would be… 0 1 0+1=1 1+1=2 2+1=3 3+2=5 5+3=8 8+5=13 … On and on forever. It's a neat little pattern, if … Continue reading LEARN The Fibonacci Sequence

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https://arab-gulf-obesity-news.com/qa/what-is-gain-in-pid.html

math

- How do you find PID parameters? - How do you tune a PID to a level controller? - What is the main reason to have an integral term in a PID controller? - What is gain in PID control? - What are the advantages of PID controller? - How do I manually tune a PID loop? - What are the disadvantages of PID controller? - How do you reduce PID overshoot? - What is integral gain in PID? - What causes overshoot in PID? - What is the difference between PI and PID controller? - How do you set a PID temp controller? - What is PID and equation of PID? - What is gain in a PID loop? - What are the drawbacks of P controller? - How can I improve my PID control? - How do PID loops work? - What is integral gain? How do you find PID parameters? The PID formula weights the proportional term by a factor of P, the integral term by a factor of P/TI, and the derivative term by a factor of P.TD where P is the controller gain, TI is the integral time, and TD is the derivative time.. How do you tune a PID to a level controller? Tuning PID loops for level controlDo a step test. a) Make sure, as far as possible, that the uncontrolled flow in and out of the vessel is as constant as possible. … Determine process characteristics. Based on the example shown in Figure 3: … Repeat. … Calculate tuning constants. … Enter the values. … Test and tune your work. What is the main reason to have an integral term in a PID controller? The main purpose of the integral term is to eliminate the steady state error. In the normal case there is going to be a small steady state error and the integral is mainly used to eliminate this error. It’s however true that when the error gets to 0 the integral will still be positive and will make you overshoot. What is gain in PID control? The proportional gain (Kc) determines the ratio of output response to the error signal. For instance, if the error term has a magnitude of 10, a proportional gain of 5 would produce a proportional response of 50. In general, increasing the proportional gain will increase the speed of the control system response. What are the advantages of PID controller? The PID controller is used in inertial systems with relatively low noise level of the measuring channel. The advantage of PID is fast warm up time, accurate setpoint temperature control and fast reaction to disturbances. Manual tuning PID is extremely complex, so it is recommended is to use the autotune function. How do I manually tune a PID loop? To tune a PID use the following steps:Set all gains to zero.Increase the P gain until the response to a disturbance is steady oscillation.Increase the D gain until the the oscillations go away (i.e. it’s critically damped).Repeat steps 2 and 3 until increasing the D gain does not stop the oscillations.More items… What are the disadvantages of PID controller? It is well-known that PID controllers show poor control performances for an integrating process and a large time delay process. Moreover, it cannot incorporate ramp-type set-point change or slow disturbance. How do you reduce PID overshoot? General Tips for Designing a PID ControllerObtain an open-loop response and determine what needs to be improved.Add a proportional control to improve the rise time.Add a derivative control to reduce the overshoot.Add an integral control to reduce the steady-state error.Adjust each of the gains , , and. What is integral gain in PID? The integral in a PID controller is the sum of the instantaneous error over time and gives the accumulated offset that should have been corrected previously. The accumulated error is then multiplied by the integral gain (Ki) and added to the controller output. The integral term is given by. What causes overshoot in PID? PID Theory While a high proportional gain can cause a circuit to respond swiftly, too high a value can cause oscillations about the SP value. … However, due to the fast response of integral control, high gain values can cause significant overshoot of the SP value and lead to oscillation and instability. What is the difference between PI and PID controller? The PID controller is generally accepted as the standard for process control, but the PI controller is sometimes a suitable alternative. A PI controller is the equivalent of a PID controller with its D (derivative) term set to zero. How do you set a PID temp controller? Tuning a PID Temperature ControllerAdjust the set-point value, Ts, to a typical value for the envisaged use of the system and turn off the derivative and integral actions by setting their levels to zero. … Note the period of oscillation then reduce the gain by 30%.Suddenly decreasing or increasing Ts by about 5% should induce underdamped oscillations.More items… What is PID and equation of PID? PID controller Derivative response. Proportional and Integral controller: This is a combination of P and I controller. Output of the controller is summation of both (proportional and integral) responses. Mathematical equation is as shown in below; y(t) ∝ (e(t) + ∫ e(t) dt) y(t) = kp *e(t) + ki ∫ e(t) dt. What is gain in a PID loop? Gain is the ratio of output to input—a measure of the amplification of the input signal. … The three primary gains used in servo tuning are known as proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain, and when they’re combined to minimize errors in the system, the algorithm is known as a PID loop. What are the drawbacks of P controller? The most commonly used controller for the vector control of ac motor is Proportional- Integral (P-I) controller. However, the P-I controller has some disadvantages such as high starting overshoot, sensitivity to controller gains and sluggish response to sudden disturbances. How can I improve my PID control? Increased Loop Rate. One of the first options to improve the performance of your PID controllers is to increase the loop rate at which they perform. … Gain Scheduling. … Adaptive PID. … Analytical PID. … Optimal Controllers. … Model Predictive Control. … Hierarchical Controllers. How do PID loops work? PID controller maintains the output such that there is zero error between the process variable and setpoint/ desired output by closed-loop operations. PID uses three basic control behaviors that are explained below. Proportional or P- controller gives an output that is proportional to current error e (t). What is integral gain? The Integral Gain controls how much of the Control Output is generated due to the accumulated Position Error or Velocity Error while in position control or velocity control, respectively. Position control is defined as when the Current Control Mode is Position PID. … This gain is the most important gain for I-PD control.

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http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10898-013-0136-0

math

Primal and dual approximation algorithms for convex vector optimization problems First Online: 12 January 2014 Received: 30 August 2013 Accepted: 20 December 2013 DOI: Cite this article as: Löhne, A., Rudloff, B. & Ulus, F. J Glob Optim (2014) 60: 713. doi:10.1007/s10898-013-0136-0 Abstract Two approximation algorithms for solving convex vector optimization problems (CVOPs) are provided. Both algorithms solve the CVOP and its geometric dual problem simultaneously. The first algorithm is an extension of Benson’s outer approximation algorithm, and the second one is a dual variant of it. Both algorithms provide an inner as well as an outer approximation of the (upper and lower) images. Only one scalar convex program has to be solved in each iteration. We allow objective and constraint functions that are not necessarily differentiable, allow solid pointed polyhedral ordering cones, and relate the approximations to an appropriate \(\epsilon \)-solution concept. Numerical examples are provided. Keywords Vector optimization Multiple objective optimization Convex programming Duality Algorithms Outer approximation B. Rudloff: Research supported by NSF award DMS-1007938. Ararat, Ç, Hamel, A.H., Rudloff, B.: Set-valued shortfall and divergence risk measures. submitted (2013) Benson, H.P.: An outer approximation algorithm for generating all efficient extreme points in the outcome set of a multiple objective linear programming problem. J. Glob. Optim. , 1–24 (1998) Bremner, D., Fukuda, K., Marzetta, A.: Primal-dual methods for vertex and facet enumeration. Discrete Comput. Geom. (3), 333–357 (1998) Csirmaz L.: Using multiobjective optimization to map the entropy region of four random variables. Preprint CVX Research. Inc.: CVX: Matlab software for disciplined convex programming, version 2.0 beta., September 2012 Ehrgott, M., Löhne, A., Shao, L.: A dual variant of Benson’s outer approximation algorithm. J. Glob. Optim. (4), 757–778 (2012) Ehrgott, M., Shao, L., Schöbel, A.: An approximation algorithm for convex multi-objective programming problems. J. Glob. Optim. (3), 397–416 (2011) Ehrgott, M., Wiecek, M. M.: Multiobjective Programming. In: Figueira, J., Greco, S., Ehrgott, M., (eds.) Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis: State of the Art Surveys. Springer Science + Business Media, Berlin, pp. 667–722 (2005) Grant, M., Boyd, S.: Recent advances in learning and control, chapter Graph implementations for nonsmooth convex programs. Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences. Springer, Berlin, pp. 95–110 (2008) Hamel, A.H., Löhne, A.: Lagrange duality in set optimization. J. Optim. Theory Appl. (2013). doi: Hamel, A.H., Löhne, A., Rudloff, B.: A Benson type algorithm for linear vector optimization and applications. J. Glob. Optim. (2013). doi: Hamel, A.H., Rudloff, B., Yankova, M.: Set-valued average value at risk and its computation. Math. Financ. Econ. (2), 229–246 (2013) Heyde, F.: Geometric duality for convex vector optimization problems. J. Convex Anal. 20(3), 813–832 (2013) Heyde, F., Löhne, A.: Geometric duality in multiple objective linear programming. SIAM J. Optim. (2), 836–845 (2008) Heyde, F., Löhne, A.: Solution concepts in vector optimization: a fresh look at an old story. Optimization (12), 1421–1440 (2011) Jahn, J.: Vector Optimization: Theory, Applications, and Extensions. Springer, Berlin (2004) Kabanov, Y.M.: Hedging and liquidation under transaction costs in currency markets. Financ. Stoch. , 237–248 (1999) Löhne, A.: Vector Optimization with Infimum and Supremum. Springer, Berlin (2011) Löhne, A., Rudloff, B.: An algorithm for calculating the set of superhedging portfolios in markets with transaction costs. Int. J. Theor. Appl. Finance. (to appear) Luc, D.: Theory of vector optimization. In: Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, vol. 319. Springer, Berlin (1989) Rockafellar, R.T.: Convex Analysis. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1970) Ruzika, S., Wiecek, M.M.: Approximation methods in multiobjective programming. J. Optim. Theory Appl. (3), 473–501 (2005) Shao, L., Ehrgott, M.: Approximately solving multiobjective linear programmes in objective space and an application in radiotherapy treatment planning. Math. Methods Oper. Res. (2), 257–276 (2008) Shao, L., Ehrgott, M.: Approximating the nondominated set of an MOLP by approximately solving its dual problem. Math. Methods Oper. Res. (3), 469–492 (2008) CrossRef Copyright information © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

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https://www.ibpsguide.com/daily-handouts-evening-session-17

math

“DAILY HANDOUTS”- Evening Session: Dear Aspirants, “Practice makes a man perfect” is a most popular proverb. Practice means constant use of one’s intellectual and aesthetic powers. Perfect means ‘ideal’, complete and excellent’. Proper planning and practice promote perfect performance. Constant practice also sharpens talents. To give more practice to you, to make your practice hours more, to make us a part of your success, our team planned a new session of “Daily Handouts”. In this particular session we will give you questions with options and without explanations. You have to solve by your own and if there is any doubt arises while solving or unable to solve the questions or facing any sort of problems means you can comment bellow IBPS GUIDE Team will help you out to solve the problem. Thank you. Hope it will help you more in your success and one more thing you can comment the answers to help others also. In this question relationship between different elements is shown in the statement. The statement is followed by two conclusions. Study the conclusions based on the given statement and select the appropriate answer. A. Only conclusion I follows B. Only conclusion II follows C. Either conclusion I or conclusion II follows D. Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow E. Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows 1.Statement: G> H< I ; I> F ; H> J Conclusion:I : J< G II : F< H(A) Conclusion:I : S> M II : A< F(A) 3.Statement: A> E> F ; G< F ; M> A Conclusion: I : M> E II: G< A(D) 4.Statement: E ≥ F = G ; T ≥ G ; I = T Conclusion: I : I< E II : I = E(E) 5.Statement: M> N> P; O> P; S< P Conclusion: I : S< M II : O< M(D) 6.Statement: V> W< X ; X< Y ; Z> X Conclusion: I : Z> V II : Y> W(B) 1. Parker covered first 35 km of the journey at 42 kmph. the next 16 km of the journey at 24 kmphand finally the remaining distance in 105 minutes, thereby averaging the speed 35 1/13 kmph for theentire journey. How much is the distance travelled (in km) in the last phase of the journey (in last 105minutes) ? 2. The radius of the base of a cylindrical drum is 14 cm and its height is 25% less than the radius.If it is already 80% full, how many cubic centimeters of water need to be added to make it completelyfull ? 3. Gaurav purchased an article from a shopkeeper who allowed a discount of 25% on the markedprice of the article but charged a sales tax of 15% on the discounted price. Gaurav sold the article toPoorav for Rs. 5,382 and thereby earned a profit of 30% on the cost price. What is the marked price of the article ? A. Rs. 5400 B. Rs. 4400 C. Rs. 4900 D. Rs. 4800 E. Rs. 5200 4. In a 80 litres of mixture of water and milk, water is only 30% The milkman gave 16 litres of this mixture to a customer and then he added 10.2 litres of pure milk and 5 8 litres of pure water in the remaining mixture What is the percentage of water in the final mixture ? 5. A, B& C invested Rs.25,000, Rs.20,000 and Rs.30,000 respectively and started a business. After 4 months each one of them invested additional amounts of Rs.10,000, Rs.20,000 and Rs.15,000 respectively. If C’s share in the profit at the end of the year was Rs.60,000 what was the totalprofit earned at the end of one year ? A. Rs. 1,65,000 B. Rs. 1,52,250 C. Rs. 1,55,200 D. Rs. 1,48,500 E. Rs. 1,57,500 ~SHARE YOUR SOLUTIONS~

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https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Jim-Crow-From-Terror-to-Triumph-2005857

math

Accompanying the reading "from terror to triumph" is a reading chart that helps students to understand and analyze events. See directions for more detail. From Terror to Triumph: Historical Overview Reading Chart Directions: For each phase of Jim Crow, select three events you consider to be an example of "terror" or an example of "triumph." You must have at least one example of "terror" and one example of "triumph" in your list of events for each phase of Jim Crow. Complete the chart for your choices.

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CC-MAIN-2018-17

https://fyqotalogyput.letoitdebois.com/measure-theory-applications-to-stochastic-analysis-book-17105am.php

math

Written in EnglishRead online Includes bibliographical references. |Statement||Edited by G. Kallianpur and D. Kolzow.| |Series||Lecture notes in mathematics; 695, Lecture notes in mathematics (Springer-Verlag) -- 695.| |Contributions||Kallianpur, G., Kölzow, D. 1930-| |The Physical Object| |Pagination||xii, 261 p.| |Number of Pages||261| Download Measure theory applications to stochastic analysis Measure Theory Applications to Stochastic Analysis Proceedings, Oberwolfach Conference, Germany, July 3–9, Approximation of Processes and Applications to Control and Communication theory An Analog to the Stochastic integral for A Complex Measure Related to the Schrodinger Equation On the Nearness of Two Solutions in Comparison theorems for One-Dimensional Stochastic. Applications a la representation des martingales -- Nonlinear semigroups in the control of partially-observable stochastic systems -- Optimal control of stochastic systems in a sphere bundle -- Optimal filtering of infinite-dimensional stationary signals -- On the theory of markovian representation -- Likelihood ratios with gauss measure noise. Measure theory applications to stochastic analysis. Berlin ; New York: Springer-Verlag, (OCoLC) Material Type: Conference publication, Internet resource: Document Type: Book, Internet Resource: All Authors / Contributors: G Kallianpur; D Kölzow. This book is concerned with the theory of stochastic processes and the theoretical aspects of statistics for stochastic processes. It combines classic topics such as construction of stochastic processes, associated filtrations, processes with independent increments, Gaussian processes, martingales, Markov properties, continuity and related properties of trajectories with. Book Description Unlike traditional books presenting stochastic processes in an academic way, this book includes concrete applications that students will find interesting such as gambling, finance, physics, signal processing, statistics, fractals, and biology. About this book A breakthrough approach to the theory and applications of stochastic integration The theory of stochastic integration has become an intensely studied topic in recent years, owing to its extraordinarily successful application to financial mathematics, stochastic differential equations, and more. “The book is quite readable and can be used as a textbook for the application of mathematical theory in the area of econometrics. Also, a mathematician might benefit from an intuitive exposition of some different and specific types of integration appearing in the theory of stochastic processes. tation of martingales as stochastic integrals and on the equivalent change of probability measure, as well as elements of stochastic differential equations. These results suffice for a rigorous treatment of important applications, such as filtering theory, stochastic con-trol, and the modern theory of financial economics. Stochastic Analysis Major Applications Conclusion Background and Motivation Re-interpret as an integral equation: X(t) = X(0) + Z t 0 (X(s);s) ds + Z t 0 ˙(X(s);s) dW s: Goals of this talk: Motivate a de nition of the stochastic integral, Explore the properties of Brownian motion, Highlight major applications of stochastic analysis to PDE and. The general theory of static risk measures, basic concepts and results on markets of semimartingale model, and a numeraire-free and original probability based framework for financial markets are also included. The basic theory of probability and Ito's theory of stochastic analysis, as preliminary knowledge, are presented. Topics include a quick survey of measure theoretic probability theory, followed by an introduction to Brownian motion and the Itô stochastic calculus, and finally the theory of stochastic differential equations. The text also includes applications to partial differential equations, optimal stopping problems and options pricing. for stochastic differential equation to [2, 55, 77, 67, 46], for random walks to , for Markov chains to [26, 90], for entropy and Markov operators . For applications in physics and chemistry, see . For the selected topics, we followed in the percolation section. The books [, 30] contain introductions to Vlasov dynamics. Stochastic processes and diffusion theory are the mathematical underpinnings of many scientific disciplines, including statistical physics, physical chemistry, molecular biophysics, communications theory and many more. Many books, reviews and research articles have been published on this topic, from the purely mathematical to the most s: 3. Abstract: This is a textbook for advanced undergraduate students and beginning graduate students in applied mathematics. It presents the basic mathematical foundations of stochastic analysis (probability theory and stochastic processes) as well as some important practical tools and applications (e.g., the connection with differential equations, numerical methods, path integrals, random fields. It is a general study of stochastic processes using ideas from model theory, a key central theme being the question, 'When are two stochastic processes alike?' The authors assume some background in nonstandard analysis, but prior knowledge of model theory and advanced logic is not necessary. minimal prior exposure to stochastic processes (beyond the usual elementary prob-ability class covering only discrete settings and variables with probability density function). While students are assumed to have taken a real analysis class dealing with Riemann integration, no prior knowledge of measure theory. This book presents a unified treatment of linear and nonlinear filtering theory for engineers, with sufficient emphasis on applications to enable the reader to use the theory. The need for this book is twofold. First, although linear estimation theory is relatively well known, it is largely scattered in the journal literature and has not been collected in a single source. Hull—More a book in straight finance, which is what it is intended to be. Not much math. Explains financial aspects very well. Go here for details about financial matters. Duffie— This is a full fledged introduction into continuous time finance for those with a background in measure theoretic probability theory. Too advanced. "Introduction to the theory random processes" is a very good first book in stochastic analysis IMO, while "Introduction to the theory of diffusion processes" is more advanced and dense. He does not really concentrate on Markov semigroups though. $\endgroup$ – m7e May 11 '16 at Completely revised and greatly expanded, the new edition of this text takes readers who have been exposed to only basic courses in analysis through the modern general theory of random processes and stochastic integrals as used by systems theorists, electronic engineers and, more recently, those working in quantitative and mathematical finance. The objective of this textbook is to provide a very basic and accessible introduction to option pricing, invoking only a minimum of stochastic analysis. Although short, it covers the theory essential to the statistical modeling of stocks, pricing of derivatives (general contingent claims) with martingale theory, and computational finance. Communications on Stochastic Analysis (COSA) is an online journal that aims to present original research papers of high quality in stochastic analysis (both theory and applications) and emphasizes the global development of the scientific community. The journal welcomes articles of interdisciplinary nature. Expository articles of current interest are occasionally also published. In probability theory and related fields, a stochastic or random process is a mathematical object usually defined as a family of random ically, the random variables were associated with or indexed by a set of numbers, usually viewed as points in time, giving the interpretation of a stochastic process representing numerical values of some system randomly changing over time, such. Subsequent chapters examine several aspects of discrete martingale theory, including applications to ergodic theory, likelihood ratios, and the Gaussian dichotomy theorem. Prerequisites include a standard measure theory course. No prior knowledge of probability is assumed; therefore, most of the results are proved in : M. Rao. The book explores foundations and applications of the two calculi, including stochastic integrals and differential equations, and the distribution theory on Wiener space developed by the Japanese school of probability. Uniquely, the book then delves into the possibilities that arise by using the two flavors of calculus together. Pris: kr. Häftad, Skickas inom vardagar. Köp Measure Theory. Applications to Stochastic Analysis av G Kallianpur, D Kolzow på Relative Strength Index. Jack D. Schwager, the co-founder of Fund Seeder and author of several books on technical analysis, uses the term "normalized" to describe stochastic oscillators that. Measure and Probability Theory with Economic Applications Efe A. Preface (TBW) More on Stochastic Dominance / Economic Applications of Stochastic Dominance Theory. A Selection of Ordering Principles / Applications to Fixed Point Theory / Applications to Variational Analysis / An Application to Convex Analysis. Browse the list of issues and latest articles from Stochastic Analysis and Applications. List of issues Latest articles Volume 38 Volume 37 Volume 36 Volume 35 Volume 34 Volume 33 Volume 32 Books; Keep up to date. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. Sign me up. Among the list of new applications in mathematics there are new approaches to probability, hydrodynamics, measure theory, nonsmooth and harmonic analysis, etc. There are also applications of nonstandard analysis to the theory of stochastic processes, particularly constructions of Brownian motion as random walks. This book began as the lecture notes fora graduate-level course in stochastic processes. The official textbook for the course was Olav Kallenberg's excellent Foundations of Modern Probability, which explains the references to it for background results on measure theory, functional analysis, the occasional complete punting of a proof, etc. $\begingroup$ I agree with you in that this is not a begginer's book, but I don't think this justifies saying the book is horrible. I mentioned it because Andrew asked for a reference with examples, which can be found, if not in the text, in the exercises. This is probably not the best book to start learning measure theory (more basic references were already cited before) but it is certainly a. Topics include a quick survey of measure theoretic probability theory, followed by an introduction to Brownian motion and the Ito stochastic calculus, and finally the theory of stochastic differential equations. The text also includes applications to partial differential equations, optimal stopping problems and options pricing. A good non-measure theoretic stochastic processes book is Introduction to Stochastic Processes by Hoel et al. (I used it in my undergrad stochastic processes class and had no complaints). I'm gonna be honest though and say those exercises are stuff you should've gone over in an introductory probability class. 1 PROBABILITY SPACES. Underlying the mathematical description of random variables and events is the notion of a probability space (Ω, ℱ, P).The sample space Ω is a nonempty set that represents the collection of all possible outcomes of an experiment. The elements of Ω are called sample sigmafield ℱ is a collection of subsets of Ω that includes the empty set ∅ (the. A proof-based book on Stochastic Integration which 1) stands on Measure Theory but 2) avoids advanced Real Analysis (e.g. Hilbert or Banach spaces, etc.) and Topology or keeps them to a minimum, as I am less familiar with those areas. The book should be rigorous and present proofs to theorems (but avoid getting too technical à la française). Starting with the introduction of the basic Kolmogorov-Bochner existence theorem, this text explores conditional expectations and probabilities as well as projective and direct limits. Topics include several aspects of discrete martingale theory, including applications to ergodic theory, likelihood ratios, and the Gaussian dichotomy theorem. The first part deals with the analysis of stochastic dynamical systems, in terms of Gaussian processes, white noise theory, and diffusion processes. The second part of the book discusses some up-to-date applications of optimization theories, martingale measure theories, reliability theories, stochastic filtering theories and stochastic. “The theory of random measures is an important point of view of modern probability theory. This is an encyclopedic monograph and the first book to give a systematic treatment of the theory. the general theory presented in this book is therefore of great importance, far beyond the applications. measure-theoretic probability theory, Brownian motion, stochas-tic processes including Markov processes and martingale theory, Ito’s stochastic calculus, stochastic di erential equations, and partial di erential equations. Those prerequisites give one entry to the subject, which is why it is best taught to advanced Ph.D. students.This book is devoted to regularity and fractal properties of superprocesses with (1 +β)-branching. Regularity properties of functions is the most classical question in analysis.bility theory, Fizmatgiz, Moscow (), Probability theory, Chelsea (). It contains problems, some suggested by monograph and journal article material, and some adapted from existing problem books and textbooks. The problems are combined in nine chapters which are equipped with short introductions and subdivided in turn into individual.

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https://www.hackmath.net/en/math-problem/572

math

The carmaker now produces 2 cars a day more than last year, so the production of 70312 cars will save just one full working day. How many working days needed to manufacture 70312 cars last year? Did you find an error or inaccuracy? Feel free to write us. Thank you! Thank you for submitting an example text correction or rephasing. We will review the example in a short time and work on the publish it. Tips to related online calculators You need to know the following knowledge to solve this word math problem: Related math problems and questions: The automaker now produces daily 4 new cars more than last year so the production of 360 cars will save just one full working day. How many working days to produce 360 vehicles needed last year? - Square function If z varies jointly as x and the square of y, and z = 20 when x = 4 and y = 2, find z when x = 2 and y = 4. - Working together Two people will do the work in 12 days. They worked together for 8 days. Then only one worked for 10 days. How many days would each of them do the work if he worked alone? - Right triangle Legs of the right triangle are in the ratio a:b = 2:8. The hypotenuse has a length of 87 cm. Calculate the perimeter and area of the triangle. - Rectangular cuboid The rectangular cuboid has a surface area 5334 cm2, and its dimensions are in the ratio 2:4:5. Find the volume of this rectangular cuboid. - The sum The sum of the squares of two immediately following natural numbers is 1201. Find these numbers. 1116 people are working in three factory halls. In the first one, there are 18% more than the third, and 60 persons more than the second. How many employees work in individual halls? - Non linear eqs Solve the system of non-linear equations: 3x2-3x-y=-2 -6x2-x-y=-7 There are 32 pupils in the classroom, and girls are two-thirds more than boys. a) How many percents are more girls than boys? Round the result to a whole percentage. b) How many boys are in the class? c) Find the ratio of boys and girls in the class. Writ Calculate how many average minutes a year is a webserver is unavailable, the availability is 99.99%. - Three friends Three friends divided the profit by 104,650 CZK, so that for every 4 CZK, which got the first friend equals 5 crowns for second and for every 9 CZK, which got the second equals 16 CZK for third. Question: Who got the most and how much. - Numbers at ratio The two numbers are in a ratio 3:2. If we each increase by 5 would be at a ratio of 4:3. What is the sum of original numbers? In the classroom, students always give candy to their classmates on their birthdays. The birthday person always gives each one candy, and he does not give himself. A total of 650 candies were distributed in the class per year. How many students are in the In the city are 3/9 of women married for 3/6 men. What proportion of the townspeople is free (not married)? Express as a decimal number. Pediatrician this month of 20 working days takes 8 days holidays. What is the probability that on Monday it will be at work? Can the expression 4x ² -47.6x +39.6 be factored into rational factors? - Book read If Petra read 10 pages per day, she would read the book two days earlier than she read 6 pages a day. How many pages does a book have?

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https://jehovajah.wordpress.com/2011/05/21/the-ratio-of-speeds/

math

I guess Chris Huygens has a deserved place as the father of time. We actually have to go back to Descartes and his philosophy to get a sense of Chris impact. Descartes drew philosophically on his jesuit upbringing in formulating through his meditative praxis a consistent philosophy of existence under god. He had noqualms at starting with god in some universal notion derived from centuries of theological philosophy and greek style deduction. Where eastern culture clashed with greek the test was trial by contest. This is the underlying notion of" logical" proof. Whichever individual representing a "conviction of truth"who won the often bloody trial was vindicated as by divine sanction. Today we carry the notion by logically or rather systematically consistent propositions winning the day over competing proportions when empirically tested. So called truth if subject to empirical test is only as good as its last vindication. However logicians, magi and magicians have long been aware of and utilised the tautology. By denying inexperienced "souls" the full knowledge of tautology, and encouraging hypnogogy in the same magicians were able to define the experience of reality pretty much how they wished, and to sparingly utilise naturally occurring consequents of acceptance and attentional focus. We really do "see the world through rose tiinted glasses". So Descartes brilliantly organized on the basis of "pure reason" that is "Logos" as a type of gods wisdom and thinking action,personified in the Christ and the spirit, his take on the structure of the universe under god. Of course it is a fusion of cultural thinking traceable back to the Sumerians, but studiously filtering out any notions that did not support his theology or christology, simply denoting such dissonance as error, evil, sin, pagan etc. Nevertheless despite this bias Descartes philosophy is remarkably similar to philosophies found at this level of erudition in all cultures . Therefore Leibniz, and other philosophers of reason and empiricism including Barrow, Wallis and Newton, were given an established idea to work against. It is to be noted that no one essentially dismissed Descartes, they merel wanted to improve upon his notions.it is thereby to be noted that unless one specifically subscribes to a cultural philosophy other than western the basic presiding philosophy is Cartesian in all of science. Kant later challenges Cartesian philosophy with a variant devised by Newton, and Newton's variant has only just recently been challenged. Leibniz, drawing on empirical evidence from Galileo and Huygens and other mechanics argued that descartes notions of vis were flawed by tautology. That to clear things in a more consistent way one needed to view motion as "independent" of distance, and that the god preserved and conserved "quantity" in bodily interactions was not matter times by the velocity or rather speed of that matter but rather matter times by the speed squared . This rather technical argument takes some reviewing of apprehensions. Until Galileo there was no real distinction beyond matter moving at variable speeds. Speeds if they were measured at all, were taken as axiomatic attributes of moving matter. Some experience was allowed to inform the opinion of the different amounts of matter and the different speeds and the interactive impact of these apprehensions in collisions. It was commonly deduced that heavier items travel slower along the ground than lighter ones, but fall faster! After common thought speed was understood but measured differently in different circumstance: sometimes it would be measured by distance traveled in a day, other times by days taken to travel a distance between known landmarks. Distance was therefore the underlying measure of speed. A greater speed meant a greater distance covered, a variation in the speed meant a variation in the distance covered. So 2 examples of invariance were ver puzzling. The first was Gallileos invariance in speed with regard to mass: heavier objects fall at the same speed as relatively lighter ones. Hang on a minute, the objects do not show a uniform speed so Gallileo concluded that the objects varied their speed in exactly the same way and he wanted to demonstrate this surprising result by proportions. Therefore he measured all sorts of proportions including a notion he called musical time or rhythm. He showed that for constant musical time the proportions of distance achieved were identical. The rhythm of motion , the music of the spheres has its origins ib Galileo's methods. At the same time Huygens and others were investigating the motion of a pendulum. The invariance here is no matter what the initial pressure on the weight the periodic motion seemed to adjust to give the same rhythm. So clearly the farther the pendulum had to fall the faster its speed at the bottom of the swing, but the rhythm of the music of the spheres seemed to remain constant. Chris was able again by taking all sorts of measurements to show a proportion between two pendulums which related the length of the pendulums radius to the rhythm of its period, and the relation was a proportion to the square root of the radius . The common name for this rhythm was "time". Thus "time" if anything is an analogy of musical time that is a constant driving rhythm which of course has a direction associated with it from the spatial representation on music paper. Our confused notion of time has its origin in music, and both invariances are crucial to music making. The gravitational pressure on a mass drives the pendulum of a metronome that beats out time in exactly the proportions Huygens observed. These proportions have their resolution in the Euclidean geometry of the circle. As a consequence of Chris's work Leibniz felt that the conserved quantities would have to depend on mass times by the square of the speeds/velocity, and all by default used definitions of motion dependent on the notion of musical timing. Musical timing only became scientific timing when Huygens introduced the first accurate clocks based on the invariant properties of falling matter and pendulum action. However it should not escape notice that scientific time is based on motion and a comparison of motions is what rhythmical time is. The speed of the contiguous parts of the pendulum vary but the rhythm we apprehend as constant: thus constant speed analogues of Huygens pendulum clocks can and have been made which further highlight the comparisons of speed or motion denoted as time. It is also important to note that periodic motion follows a closed motion trace which can be measured as a distance, and the motion trace in 3d space can be projected onto 2d space to produce a trace. Finally if that 2d space is in relative motion to the anchor point of the pendulum bounded traces can be described which analogise the comparison of a motion against a motion, a distance against a distance, and a rhythm against a rhythm.

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http://tiny-themovie.com/kindle/non-commutativity-infinite-dimensionality-and-probability-at-the-crossroads

math

By Nobuaki Obata; Taku Matsui; Akihito Hora; Kyōto Daigaku. Sūri Kaiseki Kenkyūjo (ed.) A useful complement to straightforward textbooks on quantum mechanics, this specified advent to the overall theoretical framework of up to date physics makes a speciality of conceptual, epistemological, and ontological concerns. the speculation is built through pursuing the query: what does it take to have fabric items that neither cave in nor explode once they're shaped? the soundness of topic hence emerges because the leader this is why the legislation of physics have the actual shape that they do.The first of the book's 3 components familiarizes the reader with the fundamentals via a quick historic survey and by means of following Feynman's path to the Schrödinger equation. the mandatory arithmetic, together with the targeted thought of relativity, is brought alongside the best way, to the purpose that each one appropriate theoretical suggestions should be safely grasped. half II takes a better glance. because the thought takes form, it's utilized to numerous experimental preparations. a number of of those are critical to the dialogue within the ultimate half, which goals at making epistemological and ontological feel of the speculation. Pivotal to this activity is an realizing of the exact prestige that quantum mechanics attributes to measurements -- with out dragging in "the recognition of the observer." Key to this realizing is a rigorous definition of "macroscopic" which, whereas hardly even tried, is supplied during this ebook Mathematical idea of Quantum debris Interacting with a Quantum box (A Arai); H-P Quantum Stochastic Differential Equations (F Fagnola); Quantum White Noise Calculus (U C Ji & N Obata); Can "Quantumness" Be an foundation of Dissipation? (T Arimitsu); what's Stochastic Independence? (U Franz); Creation-Annihilation techniques on Cellar Complecies (Y Hashimoto); Fock area and illustration of a few Infinite-Dimensional teams (T Matsui & Y Shimada); unfastened Product activities and Their functions (Y Ueda); comments at the s-Free Convolution (H Yoshida); and different papers Read Online or Download Non-commutativity, infinite-dimensionality and probability at the crossroads : proceedings of the RIMS Workshop on Infinite-Dimensional Analysis and Quantum Probability : Kyoto, Japan, 20-22 November, 2001 PDF Best probability books The most aim of credits possibility: Modeling, Valuation and Hedging is to give a accomplished survey of the previous advancements within the sector of credits threat learn, in addition to to place forth the newest developments during this box. an enormous point of this article is that it makes an attempt to bridge the distance among the mathematical concept of credits hazard and the monetary perform, which serves because the motivation for the mathematical modeling studied within the publication. Meta research: A advisor to Calibrating and mixing Statistical proof acts as a resource of uncomplicated tools for scientists eager to mix facts from varied experiments. The authors objective to advertise a deeper realizing of the inspiration of statistical proof. The booklet is created from components - The guide, and the idea. This can be a concise and user-friendly advent to modern degree and integration conception because it is required in lots of elements of research and likelihood conception. Undergraduate calculus and an introductory path on rigorous research in R are the one crucial necessities, making the textual content appropriate for either lecture classes and for self-study. ''This ebook may be an invaluable connection with keep watch over engineers and researchers. The papers contained conceal good the hot advances within the box of contemporary keep watch over thought. ''- IEEE staff Correspondence''This ebook may help all these researchers who valiantly try and hold abreast of what's new within the conception and perform of optimum keep watch over. - The Neoclassical Growth Model - and Ricardian Equivalence - Probabilistic Applications of Tauberian Theorems (Modern Probability and Statistics) - Quantum probability and infinite dimensional analysis : proceedings of the 29th conference, Hammamet, Tunisia, 13-18 October 2008 - The Method Trader - Seminaire de Probabilites XI, 1st Edition - Scientific Reasoning: The Bayesian Approach Additional resources for Non-commutativity, infinite-dimensionality and probability at the crossroads : proceedings of the RIMS Workshop on Infinite-Dimensional Analysis and Quantum Probability : Kyoto, Japan, 20-22 November, 2001 GCrard: O n the existence of ground states for massless Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonians, Ann. Henri PoincarC 1 (2000), 443-459. 48. C. GBrard: O n the scattering theory of massless Nelson models, mp-arc 01-103, preprint, 2001. 49. J. Glimm and A. Jaffe: The X((p4)2 quantum field theory without cutoffs. II. The field operators and the approximate vacuum, Ann. of Math. 91 (1970), 362401. 50. J . Glimm and A. Jaffe: “Quantum Physics (Second Edition),” Springer, New York, 1987. 51. M. Griesemer, E. H. Lieb and M. We remark that, in the case of the Nelson model in the three-dimensional space, such a limit exists with only energy renormalization [go]. Recently Hirokawa, Hiroshima and Spohn proved the existence of a ground state of the Nelson model without both infrared and ultraviolet cutoffs. , a model of a quantized Dirac field interacting with the quantum radiation field. This direction of research is taken in [39,27]. Acknowledgments This work is supported by Grant-In-Aid 13440039 for scientific research from the JSPS. A useful example is given in with A(z) = z . A ( 0 ; x ) . In this case we have A'(z; x) := A ( z ;x>_- A(0;x). The Hamiltonians H P F ( A )and &ipole(A) do not have the gauge covariance. 2 The Nelson Type Model This model describes N non-relativistic particles interacting with a scalar Bose field on the d-dimensional Euclidean space Rd [go] (originally d = 3). 3), and g : RdN+ L2(Rd). An example of g is given by N g ( z ) ( l c ) = x x j ( k ) e - i k z j , k E Rd,z= ( z ~ , . In addition, if V = 0 and w ( k ) = d w (rn > 0 is a constant denoting the mass of a boson), then this is the case of the original Nelson model [go].

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http://www.exampleproblems.com/wiki/index.php/Lyapunov_stability

math

Let us consider that the origin is an equilibrium point (EP) of the system. A system is said to be stable about the equilibrium point "in the sense of Lyapunov" if for every ε, there is a δ such that: The system is said to be asymptotically stable if as Lyapunov stability theorems Lyapunov stability theorems give only sufficient condition. Lyapunov second theorem on stability Consider a function V(x) : Rn → R such that - (positive definite) - (negative definite) Then V(x) is called a Lyapunov function candidate and the system is asymptotically stable in the sense of Lyapunov. It is easier to visualise this method of analysis by thinking of a physical system (e.g. vibrating spring and mass) and considering the energy of such a system. If the system loses energy over time and the energy is never restored then eventually the system must grind to a stop and reach some final resting state. This final state is called the attractor. However, finding a function that gives the precise energy of a physical system can be difficult, and for abstract mathematical systems, economic systems or biological systems, the concept of energy may not applicable. Lyapunov's realisation was that stability can be proven without requiring knowledge of the true physical energy, providing a Lyapunov function can be found to satisfy the above constraints. Stability for state space models has a solution where and (positive definite matrices). (The relevant Lyapunov function is .) Consider the Van der Pol oscillator equation: Let so that the corresponding system is Let us choose as a Lyapunov function which is clearly positive definite. Its derivative is If the parameter is positive, stability is asymptotic for Barbalat's lemma and stability of time-varying systems Assume that f is function of time only. - If does not imply that f(t) has a limit at - If has a limit as does not imply that . - If is lower bounded and decreasing (), then it converges to a limit. But it does not say whether or not as . Barbalat's Lemma says that If has a finite limit as and if is uniformly continuous (or is bounded), then as . But why do we need a Barbalat's lemma? Usually, it is difficult to analyze the *asymptotic* stability of time-varying systems because it is very difficult to find Lyapunov functions with a *negative definite* derivative. What's the big deal about it? We have invariant set theorems when is only NSD. Agreed! We know that in case of autonomous (time-invariant) systems, if is negative semi-definite (NSD), then also, it is possible to know the asymptotic behaviour by invoking invariant-set theorems. But this flexibility is not available for *time-varying* systems. This is where "Barbalat's lemma" comes into picture. It says: IF satisfies following conditions: (1) is lower bounded (2) is negative semi-definite (NSD) (3) is uniformly continuous in time (i.e, is finite) then as . But how does it help in determining asymptotic stability? There is a nice example on page 127 of "Slotine Li's book on Applied Nonlinear control" consider a non-autonomous system This is non-autonomous because the input w is a function of time. Let's assume that the input w(t) is bounded. If we take then This says that by first two conditions and hence e and g are bounded. But it does not say anything about the convergence of e to zero. Moreover, we can't apply invariant set theorem, because the dynamics is non-autonomous. Now let's use Barbalat's lemma: . This is bounded because e, g and w are bounded. This implies as and hence . If we are interested in error convergence, then our problem is solved.

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CC-MAIN-2017-17

http://surendranath.tripod.com/Content/Oscillations/SpringMass/TSTM.html

math

This applet shows two blocks of equal mass connected to rigid supports by stiff springs (white). The two masses are also connected by a weak spring (red) to each other. Initially the left mass is drawn to the right holding the right mass at its equilibrium position. Pressing start button releases this mass and the oscillations begin. It is interesting to observe the transfer of energy from one mass to the other through the coupling provided by the red spring. The transfer is faster when the spring constant of the red spring is greater. The graphs at the bottom show displacement of either mass versus time. Click anywhere in the applet area to switch between the graphs of either left mass or right mass.

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CC-MAIN-2017-30

https://www.arxiv-vanity.com/papers/1704.08280/

math

Unity of pomerons from gauge/string duality We develop a formalism where the hard and soft pomeron contributions to high energy scattering arise as leading Regge poles of a single kernel in holographic QCD. The kernel is obtained using effective field theory inspired by Regge theory of a 5-d string theory. It describes the exchange of higher spin fields in the graviton Regge trajectory that are dual to glueball states of twist two. For a specific holographic QCD model we describe Deep Inelastic Scattering in the Regge limit of low Bjorken , finding good agreement with experimental data from HERA. The observed rise of the effective pomeron intercept, as the size of the probe decreases, is reproduced by considering the first four pomeron trajectories. In the case of soft probes, relevant to total cross sections, the leading hard pomeron trajectory is suppressed, such that in this kinematical region we reproduce an intercept of 1.09 compatible with the QCD soft pomeron data. In the spectral region of positive Maldelstam variable the first two pomeron trajectories are consistent with current expectations for the glueball spectrum from lattice simulations. Regge theory is the study of the analytic structure of the scattering amplitude in the so called complex angular momentum -plane. The assumption that the scattering amplitude in the -plane has a pole, the so called pomeron, such that there are no more singularities at the right of it except at integer values, led to the explanation in the early 60s of the total cross-section behavior with center of mass energy in and experiments, among others. This particular analytic structure suggest that the scattering amplitude in the so called Regge limit of large at fixed , is dominated by the interchange of a infinite set of particles of all spins: the ones belonging to the pomeron Regge trajectory donnachie_pomeron_2002 . Regge theory is particularly appealing since the amplitude obtained in the -plane, , analytically continued to the non-physical scattering region of positive , provides a connection with the exchanged spin bound states of the theory, whose mass is given by . This remarkable fact allowed to explain early scattering data when meson trajectories are exchanged. It also led to the proposal that there exists another set of resonances with the quantum numbers of the vacuum, associated with the pomeron, which in principle will be a family of the so far unobserved glueballs. This idea has been supported through the years by Donnachie and Landshoff, who showed in the early 90s that Regge theory provides an economical description of total elastic cross-sections donnachie_total_1992 . This is known as the soft pomeron trajectory, with an intercept of around , and is well established as a model for total elastic cross-sections of soft particles (for example, and scattering). Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) is another process where Regge theory is important. In this case we consider the imaginary part of the amplitude for , at zero momentum transfer , which gives the total cross section for the scattering of an off-shell photon with a proton. Single Reggeon exchange then predicts a total cross section determined by the intercept, . However this story is bit more evolved. In the system there are two kinematical quantities: the virtuality of the photon and the Bjorken , which in the Regge limit is related to by , with . When HERA data for DIS scattering came out, it was somehow surprising to observe that the rise of the cross section with was actually faster than that predicted by the soft pomeron. The main difference is that, instead of using two soft probes for the scattering process, the off-shell photon virtuality can be well above the QCD confining scale. What is actually observed is a growth of the intercept with from about to . More concretely, if we write the total cross section as then the exponent grows with . Figure 1 shows the latest data points from HERA experiment, restricted to the region of low where Regge kinematics holds. In figure 2 we see the observed behaviour of the exponent . The behaviour of the exponent for low is consistent with the observed intercept of the soft pomeron for soft probes, but for hard probes (larger ) this is no longer the case, suggesting the existence of another trajectory with a bigger intercept, the so called hard pomeron. The nature of both pomerons, and in particular their relation, remains an unsolved problem in QCD. Are the soft and hard pomerons the same or distinct trajectories? Our main motivation in this work is to use holography to shed light into this problem. A very interesting proposal to resolve the above puzzle was again put forward by Donnachie and Landshoff donnachie_small_1998 ; donnachie_new_2001 ; donnachie_perturbative_2002 ; donnachie_elastic_2011 ; donnachie_pp_2013 . They proposed that the hard and soft pomerons are distinct trajectories, with the hard pomeron intercept around . The soft pomeron would be dominant in the soft region, since it is already well established to explain all soft processes, and the hard pomeron with a bigger intercept would dominate in the hard processes. More concretely, the idea is to write the cross section as where the sum runs over distinct trajectories. Then the effect of summing over several trajectories, which compete with each other as one varies the virtuality , has the desired effect of producing a varying effective exponent , as shown in figure 2. We shall follow this perspective and see that it follows naturally using the gauge/string duality as a tool to study QCD strongly coupled phenomena. Since QCD is well established as the theory of strong interactions, Regge theory should be encoded on it. However, it turned out to be a remarkable hard problem to deduce the pomeron -plane analytic structure from QCD. This fact has its roots in that, even nowadays, we mostly know how to compute QCD quantities perturbatively. The most successful approach has been that of the BFKL pomeron Fadin:1975cb ; Kuraev:1977fs ; Balitsky:1978ic , also known as the hard pomeron, and its generalisations. BFKL, in particular, predicts an amplitude for hadron scattering with a branch cut structure in the complex angular momentum plane. Introducing a momentum cut-off, it yields a discrete set of poles that can been confronted with HERA data kowalski_using_2010 . This approach has two undesired features: it does not cover the non-pertubative region of soft probes and it requires a very large number of poles which results in a very large number of fitting parameters. The gauge/string duality gives an alternative approach to look at DIS polchinski_hard_2002 ; polchinski_deep_2003 . Of particular importance to DIS at low is the proposal that the the pomeron trajectory is dual to the graviton Regge trajectory brower_pomeron_2007 . This work sparked several phenomenological studies that considered QCD processes mediated by pomeron exchange, which in general have been very successful in reproducing experimental data hatta_deep_2008 ; cornalba_saturation_2008 ; pire_ads/qcd_2008 ; albacete_dis_2008 ; hatta_relating_2008 ; levin_glauber-gribov_2009 ; brower_saturation_2008 ; brower_elastic_2009 ; gao_polarized_2009 ; hatta_polarized_2009 ; kovchegov_comparing_2009 ; avsar_shockwaves_2009 ; cornalba_deep_2010 ; dominguez_particle_2010 ; cornalba_ads_2010 ; betemps_diffractive_2010 ; gao_polarized_2010 ; kovchegov_$r$_2010 ; levin_inelastic_2010 ; domokos_pomeron_2009 ; domokos_setting_2010 ; brower_string-gauge_2010 ; costa_deeply_2012 ; Brower:2012mk ; costa_vector_2013 ; anderson_central_2014 ; Nally:2017nsp . In this paper we shall explore the above Regge theory ideas for DIS in the new framework of the gauge/string duality. We shall test our predictions using the specific holographic QCD model proposed in gursoy_exploring_2008 ; gursoy_exploring_2008-1 ; gursoy_improved_2011 . This model incorporates features of the strongly coupled QCD regime, like the spectrum of glueballs and mesons, confinement, chiral symmetry breaking among others. It is therefore an ideal ground to study processes dominated by the exchange of glueball trajectories. Our main findings are summarized in figures 2 and 3. We show that low DIS data, and in particular the running of the effective exponent , can be reproduced considering only the first four pomeron trajectories arising from the graviton trajectory in holographic QCD. The glueball trajectories shown in figure 3 are fixed by DIS scattering data, but they are also consistent with results of higher spin glueballs from lattice simulations meyer_glueball_2005 ; meyer_glueball_2005-1 . This paper is organized as follows. In section 2, we redo the computation by Donnachie and Landshoff that tries to reproduce DIS data with a hard and a soft pomeron, determining the functions in (2) from data analysis. Quite remarkably if we translate these functions into the proper gauge/string duality language, they are nothing but wave functions describing the normalizable modes of the graviton Regge trajectory. Section 3 presents the necessary formulae to study DIS using the gauge/string duality. The discussion is standard and already scattered in existing literature. In section 4 we focus on the pomeron trajectory, and in particular in constructing the analytic continuation of the spin equation that describes string fields in the graviton Regge trajectory. This discussion extends that already presented in our previous work Ballon-Bayona:2015wra . In section 5 we do the data analysis, fitting low DIS data in the very large kinematical range of . Our best fit has a per degree of freedom of 1.7, without removing presumed outliers existing in data. This leads us to the pomeron Regge trajectories shown in figure 3. We present our conclusions in section 6. 2 What is DIS data telling us about holographic QCD? The physics of the pomeron in the gauge/string duality was uncovered in brower_pomeron_2007 where pomeron exchange was identified with the exchange of string states in the graviton Regge trajectory. The amplitude for a scattering process in the Regge limit is then of the general form: where the functions represent the external scattering waves functions for a given process and is the so-called kernel of the pomeron which represents the tree level interchange of the aforementioned string states. Leaving aside technicalities which will be discussed in section 3, the pomeron kernel has the following dual representation where the sum runs over the graviton Regge trajectories that arise from quantising string states in the "AdS" box. The quantum number plays a important role in this work, since the contribution of the first few pomeron trajectories will be vital to reproduce the DIS cross section. The prefactor depends on , it factorizes in and , and it has a functional form that depends on the specific QCD holographic dual. We shall see that in general it has the form where is the usual conformal function in the 5D dual metric and the function will be determined by the background fields, for instance by the dilaton field . For the specific holographic model used in this paper we will have . The function in (4) is the -th excited wave function of a Schrödinger problem. We shall see that this fact follows from the spectral representation of the propagator of spin string fields in the graviton Regge trajectory that are exchanged in the dual geometry, analytically continued to . This is a highly non-trivial statement that can be checked by looking at an amplitude of the form (3) and fitting it to data. Once the external state functions and the specific functional form (5) are fixed, we can use data to confirm, or disprove, this fact. More concretely, if we consider a process dominated in the Regge limit by pomeron exchange and choose a specific holographic QCD model, we can test this model since the data should know about the underlying Schrödinger problem formulated in the dual theory. We consider DIS, for which the total cross section can be computed, through the optical theorem, from the imaginary part of the amplitude (3) for at zero momentum transfer. In this case two of the external state functions, say , represent the off-shell photon which couples to the quark bilinear electromagnetic current operator, which is itself dual to a bulk gauge field. The insertion of a current operator in a correlation function is then described by a non-normalizable mode of this bulk gauge field. The other two functions, , describe the target proton in terms of a bulk normalizable mode. We recall that, in QCD language, the functions are known as dipole wave functions of the external states. We wish to find out if the available experimental data is compatible with the holographic recipe, leaving aside technicalities which will be discusses in section 3. As it is well known, the imaginary part of the amplitude (3) at is related to the structure function . Here is the offshellness of the spacelike probe photon, whose dependence enters through the external state wave functions . The Maldelstam variable is related to by the usual expression , so we are in the low regime. As a first approximation, the integration over the variable in the amplitude (3) can be done by considering a Dirac delta function centred at . This is a good approximation only for large , i.e. near the AdS boundary at , but it will be enough for the purpose of this section. In any case it is a quick way to gain some insight about the shape of the kernel and the compatibility of our proposal with the experimental data. The integral can simply be done because the expression factorizes and the external wave functions are normalizable, therefore affecting the contribution of each Regge pole by an overall multiplicative constant. After these steps the expression for , as we will see in the next section, drastically simplifies to where the do not depent neither on nor on , and we denoted by the intercept values of each Reggeon . Here we are keeping the right warp factor and dilaton dependence, but if one takes the conformal limit, and , the qualitative result would be the same. Thus we predict a structure function of the form where is the product of known functions and a Schrödinger wave function with quantum number (the -th excited state). More concretely, a generic confining potential would produce wavefunctions where its number of nodes can be used to label them: the ground state would have one node, the first excited state would have two nodes and so on. Let us now focus on the QCD side of the problem. Using Regge theory arguments Donnachie and Landshoff donnachie_new_2001 proposed that the structure function has precisely the form (7). We can do the same reasoning as them. In order to know more about the functions the simplest thing to do is to first consider some fixed values of the that are physically reasonable, like and . These are reasonable values for the intercepts of the hard and soft pomeron, that are now unified in a single framework, since they appear as distinct Regge trajectories of the dual graviton trajectory in a confining background. Next, for a fixed value of we find the best coefficients and that match the data with the formula , then we can see how these coefficients evolve with . This was already done for a different set of data in donnachie_new_2001 , which served as a starting point for the authors’ proposal for the functional dependence. Of course the shape of the functions depends on the choice of the intercepts but it is well motivated, given the vast experimental evidence to fix the soft pomeron intercept around . Regarding we should be open to different values, but the expectation is that it will be responsible for the faster growth observer in DIS at higher values of . The left panel of figure 4 shows the result of this procedure for the values and , close to what we will show to be the intercepts that give the best fit in our model. The point we want to emphasize is that apparently not much is learned from the shape of these functions. However, if we divide the functions by the appropriate functions, as given by (6), the putative wave functions of the Schrödinger problem emerge. This remarkable fact is shown in the right panel of figure 4, which clearly meets our expectations. We should remark that if we use instead , as first suggested by Donnachie and Landshoff, we do not observe the oscillatory behavior expected for , suggesting perhaps that this value is unphysical. In fact it is known that recent data suggests a smaller donnachie_elastic_2011 . Indeed, as soon as we get below certain threshold value for the oscillatory behaviour becomes evident with the first node of localized very close to the boundary. Moreover, the form of the wavefunctions in our kernel will be very similar to the dashed lines in the figure. We take this as a strong evidence that the DIS data has encoded the dynamics suggested by holographic QCD. In the next sections we will proceed to phenomenologically construct the effective Schrödinger potential that leads to the wavefunctions that fit best the data. The discussion of this section was oversimplified, but it brings out the main idea. In practice, the integral over in the dual representation of the amplitude (3) is not localized, since we also consider lower values of . Also, to get a reasonable fit to the data we need to include the first four pomeron Regge trajectories. This is fine because those trajectories will be dominant with respect to the corrections to the leading hard pomeron trajectory. Eventually one would also need to include the exchange of meson Regge trajectories, but that is for now left out of our work, since those trajectories are still suppressed with respect to the first four Pomerons. 3 Low DIS in holographic QCD In this section we present the essential ingredients of the effective field theory description for low DIS in holographic QCD 111Holographic approaches for DIS in the large regime can be found in polchinski_deep_2003 ; BallonBayona:2007qr ; BallonBayona:2008zi ; BallonBayona:2010ae ; Koile:2013hba ; Koile:2015qsa .. First we briefly describe the kinematics of DIS and its connection to forward Compton scattering amplitude via the optical theorem. Then we present the holographic description of that amplitude, in the Regge limit, via the exchange of higher spin fields. We finish the section deriving a formula similar to (7) which encodes the Regge pole contribution to the DIS structure functions. In DIS a beam of leptons scatters off a hadronic target of momentum . Each lepton interacts with the hadron through the exchange of a virtual photon of momentum . DIS is an inclusive process because the scattering amplitude involves the sum over all possible final states. The relevant quantities are the virtuality and the Bjorken variable . Another quantity is the Mandelstam variable , describing the squared center of mass energy of the virtual photon-hadron scattering process. The DIS cross section is described in terms of the hadronic tensor where is the electromagnetic current operator and denotes a hadronic state of momentum . Current conservation and Lorentz invariance imply that has the decomposition The Lorentz invariant quantities and are the structure functions of DIS. They determine completely the DIS cross section and provide information regarding the partonic distribution in hadrons. The optical theorem relates the hadronic tensor to the imaginary part of the scattering amplitude describing forward Compton scattering. For a photon of incoming momentum and outgoing momenta , and for a hadron of incoming momentum and outgoing momenta , this amplitude admits the following decomposition where we identified and , and defined the transverse projection of the virtual photon polarization as The DIS structure functions are then extracted from the relations In DIS there are two interesting limits that are usually considered. The first is the Bjorken limit, where with fixed. In this limit perturbative QCD provides a good description of the experimental data in terms of partonic distribution functions. The second interesting case is the limit of , the so-called Regge limit of DIS, for which is fixed and is very small. In this limit the hadron becomes a dense gluon medium so that the picture of the hadron made of weakly interacting partons is no longer valid. As explained in section 2, in this paper we investigate DIS in the Regge limit (low ) from the perspective of the pomeron in holographic QCD, which encodes the dynamics of the dense gluon medium. We develop a five dimensional model for the graviton Regge trajectory for a family of backgrounds dual to QCD-like theories in the large- limit. Our formalism leads to the existence of a set of leading Regge poles describing DIS in the Regge limit, the first two interpreted as the hard and soft pomerons. 3.2 Regge theory in holographic QCD Let us now consider the computation of the forward Compton scattering amplitude in holographic QCD. We are interested in elastic scattering between a virtual photon and a scalar particle with incoming momenta and , respectively. In light-cone coordinates , for the external off-shell photon with virtuality we take while for the target hadron of mass we take The Regge limit corresponds to and the case corresponds to forward Compton scattering. The momenta and are, respectively, identified with the and defined in the previous subsection. As explained, we will extract the DIS structure functions from the forward Compton amplitude. First we define with generality the holographic model that may be used. We need to define the external states in DIS and the interaction between them that is dominated by a t-channel exchange of higher spin fields (those in the graviton Regge trajectory). Later on, to compare with the data, we will use a specific holographic QCD model gursoy_exploring_2008 ; gursoy_exploring_2008-1 , but for now we will write general formulae that can be used in other models. The string dual of QCD will have a dilaton field and a five-dimensional metric that are, respectively, dual to the Lagrangian and the energy-momentum tensor. In the vacuum those fields will be of the form for some functions and whose specific form we assume is known. We shall use greek indices in the boundary, with flat metric . We are defining the warp factor with respect to the string frame metric. In DIS the external photon is a source for the conserved current , where the quark field is associated to the open string sector. The five dimensional dual of this current is a massless gauge field . We shall assume that this field is made out of open strings and that is minimally coupled to the metric, so its effective action has the following simple form where and we use the notation for five-dimensional points. We could in principle have higher order terms in and other couplings to the metric in the action, but for the sake of simplicity we shall work with this action. As reviewed in appendix A, after a convenient gauge choice, the gauge field components describing a boundary plane wave solution with polarization take the form where and satisfy the equations Since we are computing an amplitude with a source for the electromagnetic current operator , the boundary conditions for are those of a non-normalizable mode, i.e. and . Note that the field strength also takes a plane wave form . As we shall see, a useful quantity is the stress-like tensor For the target we consider a scalar field that represents an unpolarised proton. This hadronic state is described by a normalizable mode of the form The specific details will not be important. We will simply assume that we can make the integration over the point where this field interacts with the higher spin fields. The effect of such an overall factor can be absorbed in the coupling constant. The next step in our construction is to introduce the higher spin fields that will mediate the interaction terms between the external fields of the scattering process. These fields are dual to the spin twist two operators made of the gluon field that are in the leading Regge trajectory. There are also other twist two operators made out of the quark bilinear. However, as we shall see, the corresponding Regge trajectories are subleading with respect to the first pomeron trajectories here considered. Noting that the higher spin field is in the closed string sector, and that the external fields are in the open sector, we shall consider the minimal coupling for the gauge field and for the scalar field . The higher spin field is totally symmetric, traceless and satisfies the transversality condition . The latter fact implies we do not need to worry in which external fields the derivatives in (21) and (22) act. However, there can be other couplings to the derivatives of the dilaton field and also to the curvature tensor. Here we consider only this leading term in a strong coupling expansion (that is, the first term in the derivative expansion of the effective action). Below we simply assume that the higher spin field has a propagator, without specifying its form. In the next section we focus on the dynamics of this field in detail. In the Regge limit, the amplitude describing the spin J exchange between the incoming gauge field and scalar field can be written as The fields and represent the outgoing gauge and scalar fields. The tensor represents the propagator of the spin J field. After some algebra the amplitude takes the form where and is the determinant of the 3-d transverse metric given by . This is the metric on the transverse space of the dual scattering process. The local energy squared for the dual scattering process is given by . The function is the Fourier transform of the integrated propagator for a field of even spin , and the light-cone coordinates are defined by the relation with . For the case of forward Compton scattering we have that , and . Summing over the contribution of the fields with spin , and using the result in (19), we obtain the amplitude where we have defined and is the eikonal phase defined by In (31) we used a Sommerfeld-Watson transform to convert the sum in into an integral in the complex J-plane. Comparing the expressions (10) and (28) for the forward Compton amplitude, and using (12), we extract the DIS structure functions for holographic QCD: 3.3 Regge poles In the next section we will describe the dynamics of a higher spin field . In particular, we shall see how the propagator admits a spectral representation associated to a Schrödinger problem that describes massive spin glueballs. Assuming that such Schrödinger potential admits an infinite set of bound states for fixed , we will show that The function depends on the particular holographic QCD model and will be obtained below for backgrounds of the form (15). The eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the Schrödinger equation are and , respectively. Plugging this result in (31) and deforming the contour integral, so that we pick up the contribution from the Regge poles , we find that 222This procedure is standard in Regge Theory (see e.g. donnachie_pomeron_2002 ). In DIS this result implies that the structure functions and take the Regge form where we have defined the functions and the couplings Notice that in (36) we have already used the relation , valid in the Regge limit of DIS. The couplings include our ignorance of the hadron dual wave function, which appears in the integrand of (38), as well as the local couplings in the dual picture between the external fields and the spin field. The formula (36) has the expected form (7) advocated by Donnachie and Landshoff. 4 Pomeron in holographic QCD In the large scattering regime the lowest twist two operators dominate in the OPE of the currents appearing in the computation of the hadronic tensor. Therefore we consider here the interchange of the gluonic twist 2 operators of the form where is the QCD covariant derivative. In the singlet sector there are also twist 2 quark operators of the form , but these are subleading because the corresponding Regge trajectory has lower intercept. From a string theory perspective the equations of motion for the higher spin fields dual to should come by requiring their correspondent vertex operator to have conformal weights in the background dual to the QCD vacuum. We shall follow an effective field theory approach, proposing a general form of the equation in a strong coupling expansion, and then use the experimental data to fix the unknown coefficients. The proposed equation will obey two basic requirements, namely to be compatible with the graviton’s equation for the case and to reduce to the well known case in the conformal limit (pure space with constant dilaton). Let us consider first the conformal case ( and constant dilaton). In AdS space the spin field obeys the equation where is the AdS length scale and is the dimension of . Note that this field is symmetric, traceless () and transverse (). This equation is invariant under the gauge transformation with , but we will modify this in such a way that this gauge symmetry will be broken, as expected for a dual of a QFT with no infinite set of conserved currents. This is trivially achieved by changing the value of in (40) away from the unitarity bound . The transversality condition allows us to consider as independent components only the components , along the boundary direction. These can be further decomposed into irreducible representations of the Lorentz group , so that the traceless and divergenceless sector decouple from the rest and describe the in the dual theory. Finally note that we can analyse the asymptotic form of the spin equation of motion (40) near the boundary, with the result where denotes the source for . Since under the rescaling the AdS field has dimension , we conclude that the operator and its source have, respectively, dimension and , as expected. In the case that concerns us, since QCD is nearly conformal in the UV, we can do a similar analysis near the boundary. Next let us consider the case , where we have some control. This is the case of the energy-momentum tensor dual to the graviton. To describe the TT metric fluctuations we need to assume what is the dynamics of this field. The simplest option is to consider an action for the metric and dilaton field of the form where we work in the string frame. The field is the dilaton without the zero mode, that is absorbed in the gravitational coupling. This class of theories can be used to study four dimensional theories where conformal symmetry is broken in the IR. To make use of the AdS/CFT dictionary one usually impose AdS asymptotics for , which leads to a constraint on the UV form of the potential . This is a good approximation for large- QCD because it is nearly conformal in the UV 333Due to asymptotic freedom conformal symmetry is actually broken mildly in the UV by QCD logarithmic corrections.. The way conformal symmetry is broken in the IR is determined by the potential . As shown in gursoy_exploring_2008-1 , the confinement criteria and the spectrum of glueballs with spin constrain strongly the form of the potential in the IR. The term with the dilaton arises because we work in the string frame; the other term comes from the coupling of metric fluctuations to the background Riemann tensor , with and . In the case of pure AdS space (43) simplifies to with , as expected for the AdS graviton. We shall assume that our equation reduces to the simple form (43) in the case . Of course there could be higher order curvature corrections to this equation. Also, in the QCD vacuum there are scalar operators with a non-zero vev that do not break Lorentz simmetry. The corresponding dual fields will be non-zero and may couple to the metric, just like the above curvature and dilaton terms. Our goal is to write a two derivative equation for the spin fields using effective field theory arguments in an expansion in the derivatives of the background fields. For this it is important to look first at the dimension of the operator , which can be written as , where is the anomalous dimension. In free theory the operator has critical dimension . Knowledge of the curve is important when summing over spin exchanges, since this sum is done by analytic continuation in the -plane, and then by considering the region of real . Figure 5 summarizes a few important facts about the curve . Let us define the variable by , and consider the inverse function . The figure shows the perturbative BFKL result for , which is an even function of and has poles at . This curve is obtained by resuming terms in leading order perturbation theory. Beyond perturbation theory, the curve must pass through the energy-momentum tensor protected point at and . We shall use a quadratic approximation to this curve that passes through this protected point, The use of a quadratic form for the function is known as the diffusion limit and it is used both in BFKL physics and in dual models that consider the AdS graviton Regge trajectory (see for instance costa_deeply_2012 ). Let us now construct the proposal for the symmetric, traceless and transverse spin field in the dilaton-gravity theory (42). After decomposing this field in irreps, the TT part decouples from the other components and describes the propagating degrees of freedom. The proposed equation has the form where and are constants. Several comments are in order: (i) For this equation reduce sto the graviton equation (43); (ii) In the AdS case all terms in the second line vanish and the equation reduces to (40) for the TT components; (iii) The second term comes from the tree level coupling of a closed string, as appropriate for the graviton Regge trajectory in a large approximation; (iv) This action contains all possible terms of dimension inverse squared length compatible with constraints (i) and (ii) above. Notice that the term is absent because it reduces to other two derivative terms of and by the equations of motion. Also, note that the terms with two derivatives are accompanied by a metric factor from covariance of the 5-d theory. The exception is the first term, which itself includes the 5-d metric , and the third that is a mass term related to the dimension of the dual operator, which requires a length scale . It is important to realize that (46) is not supposed to work for any . Instead, we are building the analytic continuation of such an equation, which we want to use around . We expect this to be the case for large coupling, which is the case for the dense gluon medium observed in the low regime. In practice, we will look at the first pomeron poles that appear between (for , as required in the computation of the total cross section). This justifies why we left the coefficients in the second line of (46) constant and consider only the first term in the expansion around 2. Finally let us consider the third term in (46). This mass term is determined by the analytic continuation of the dimension of the exchanged operators . We will write the following formula where is the ’t Hooft coupling, is a constant and is a length scale set by the QCD string, which will be one of our phenomenological parameters. The first term follows directly from the diffusion limit (45), relating the scales and via . The diffusion limit is a strong coupling expansion, so it is natural that the dimension of the operators gets corrected in an expansion in . This is the reason for adding the second term in (47), following exactly what happens in SYM costa_conformal_2012 ; Cornalba:2007fs . This term can be added to correct the IR physics, but it is still subleading in the UV, when compared with the last term. The effect of this correction is to make the scale dependent of the energy scale, while keeping the general shape of curve in figure 5. The last term in (47) was added simply to reproduce the correct free theory result that is necessary to be obeyed near the boundary in the UV. More concretely, in order to obtain a scaling of the form (41), with the free dimension , we need this last term. This follows by considering the asymptotic value of the background fields and then analysing our spin equation near the boundary to obtain . This behaviour is important since it implies Bjorken scaling at the UV. We can regard (47) as an interpolating function between the IR and UV that matches the expected form of the dimension of the spin operator in both regions. This is the same type of approach followed in phenomenological holographic QCD models. To sum up, we shall consider the effective Reggeon equation (46), with (47), to describe the exchange of all the spin fields in the graviton Regge trajectory. This equation contains 5 parameters that will be fixed by the data, namely the constants and . We finish the analysis of the spin equation with a remark. In the same lines of karch_linear_2006 we can try to write a quadratic effective action for the spin symmetric, traceless and transverse field, such that its irrep TT part obeys the proposed free equation. Such an action would have the form where the dots represent terms quadratic in that are higher in the derivatives of either or the background fields. Since in the QCD vacuum only scalars under the irrep decomposition are allowed to adquire a vev, the mass term in (48) includes all such possibilities. We are also treating the dilaton field in a special way, by allowing a very specific coupling in the overall action. In particular, other scalar fields could also have a non-trivial coupling to the kinetic term 444Since we write a 5-d action, one could also have fields with a vev proportional to the 5-d metric . An example is the background Riemann tensor that can couple to the spin field (for instance, the metric fluctuations do). However, for traceless fields only mass terms of the type written in (48) will survive.. It is simple to see that our proposal (46), with (47), corresponds to setting 4.1 Effective Schrödinger problem The amplitude (24) computes the leading term of the Witten diagram describing the exchange of the spin field in the Regge limit, whose propagator obeys the equation for some second order differential operator whose action on the part of the spin field is defined by (46). For Regge kinematics, however, we are only interested in the component of the propagator, in the limit where the exchanged momentum has , as can be seen from the kinematics of the external photons (13). Thus, we can take , which implies that the component of (46) decouples from the other components, taking the following form 555For example, the bulk Laplacian projected in the boundary indices gives , where is the bulk scalar Laplacian. This equation can be re-casted as a 1-d quantum mechanics problem, that is, setting with , and choosing to cancel the term linear in the derivative , equation (52) takes the Schrödinger form where and the potential is given by

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http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/nerucllon/http_3a_2f_2fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk_2f1336878_2f.htm

math

Triangular simultaneous equation models are commonly used in econometric analysis to analyse endogeneity problems caused, among others, by individual choice or market equilibrium. Empirical researchers usually specify the simultaneous equation models in an ad hoc linear form; without testing the validity of such specification. In this paper, approximation properties of a linear fit for structural function in a triangular system of simultaneous equations are explored. I demonstrate that, linear fit can be interpreted as the best linear prediction to the underlying structural function in a weighted mean squared (WMSE) error sense. Furthermore, it is shown that with the endogenous variable being a continuous treatment variable, under misspecification, the pseudo-parameter that defines the returns to treatment intensity is weighted average of the Marginal Treatment Effects (MTE) of Heckman and Vytlacil (2001). Misspecification robust asymptotic variance formulas for estimators of pseudo-true parameters are also derived. The approximation properties are further investigated with Monte-Carlo experiments.

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CC-MAIN-2013-20

https://www.jiskha.com/display.cgi?id=1295576158

math

posted by alliah . How do you solve linear equations like -4x-5y-5 and or -5y-25=-x It depends on what you mean by "solve". Do you mean solve for y? The first is not an equation, there is no equal sign. add 5y to each side add x to each side divide each side by 5 y= x/5 - 5

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https://allvacation.co.uk/2021/08/09-16348/

math

We use a 1 ton gas-fired steam boiler as the base to calculate the method for calculating the gas consumption of the boiler. First factors affecting the gas consumption of the boiler 1. Boiler heating area Generally speaking the larger the heating area is occupied in the whole boiler the more heat is transferred to the boiler by the fuel combustion and the fuel utilization rate is improved. On the one Gas And Oil Boiler Efficiency Calculation - Forced Air . And used in the software calculation. The oxygen content is then determined from the Nernst equation: E = RT ln O1 1.At the flue gas outlet of the boiler fur-nace kiln etc. PERCENT COMBUSTIBLES IN FLUE GAS % COMBUSTION EFFICIENCYNO. 6 OIL. 30 TEMPERATURE = 900°F. Learn More Boiler is a most important component for generating steam to where it is used power generation and industrial applications. The calculation of boiler efficiency is major factor affecting thermal ... Online calculator to quickly determine Boiler Efficiency. Includes 53 different calculations. Equations displayed for easy reference. Natural Gas: $0.0046 per one cubic foot at 1000 btu/unit No. 2 Oil: $2.50 per one gallon at 140000 btu/unit Propane: $1.00 per one gallon at 91600 btu/unit . All you need to know to be able to use this calculator is the boiler horsepower fuel type boiler efficiency and yearly operation to determine your annual fuel costs. ... Download Citation | On May 1 2017 Xuemin Liu and others published Calculation method of excess air ratio for blast furnace gas fired boiler | Find read and cite all the research you need on ... A natural gas burner rated at 40000 BTUs per hour divided by 1000 BTUs per cubic foot uses approximately 40 cubic feet of natural gas in one hour. Exact Gas Consumption Step 1 Multiply the burner efficiency by the energy content of the gas being used. Natural Apr 16 2021 · Take the specific rated power of 2.8MW and the calorific value of fuel 35.53MJ/Nm3 as an example for detailed calculation: Assume that the thermal efficiency of the gas boiler is 88%. Then the hourly gas consumption of a 4 ton gas boiler = 2.8MW*3600s/35.53MJ/Nm3/88%=320m3/h. operates 24 hours a day consumes natural gas=320*24=7680 cubic meters The boiler gas consumption calculation need the following parameters: such as natural gas calorific value 8500kcal/m3 pressure 8-10Kpa and theoretically the gas consumption of boiler heat = boiler calorific value÷(Calorific value of natural gas x Boiler thermal efficiency)= 2400 000 Kcal / (8500Kcal * 0.94) =297m3/h here we take 4 May 12 2017 · In this paper the calculation formula (18) of the excess air ratio in the flue gas for the blast furnace gas fired boiler was derived. Taking the performance tests of blast furnace gas fired boiler and natural gas fired boiler as examples the excess air ratio in the flue gas was calculated according to (1) and (18) respectively.

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https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1463396/hipergeometric-kids-and-candy

math

There are $15$ identical bags of candy each containing $20$ yellow, $15$ red, $5$ blue and $10$ green candies. $15$ children are each given their own candy bag and each randomly picks $12$ candies from their own bags. What is the probability that at least two of the kids will have at least one green candy? This what I get so far: Each bag contains $N=50$ candies out of which $k=10$ are green. Each child draws $n=12$ times without replacement. Considering the number of "successes", drawing a green candy, this is a Hypergeometric distribution with parameters $N,k,n$. Therefore, the probability that a child draws at least one candy is Now, I need to calculate the probabilty of two of this 15 kids will have at least one green candy. I'm stuck here. I show my progress, after the help: I calculate P(X>=)=1-P(X=0) = 0.9539 Then Y=# of kids with green candy. P(y>=2)= 1- 15Cn0 p^0 (1-p0)^15 - 15Cn1 p^1 (1-p)^14 = 1-[(1)(1)(0.0461)^15 - (15 (0.9539) (0.0461)^14] = aprox 1 After all this I'm thinking: Is that true? The probability of at leat two kids have at least one green candy could be 100%? Thanks, for your help community.

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https://wordpandit.com/data-interpretation-level-1-set-2/

math

Data interpretation topics: Data interpretation topics that are important to study for the exams In order to score well in an exam, you need to be well versed with the syllabus. To help you begin with this, here is a list of Data interpretation topics that you need to focus on: • Bar diagrams & Charts including Simple, Stacked, Composite Bar charts • Pie charts • Data charts • Data tables • Graphs [Line X-Y Graphs] • Data analysis and Data comparison among others • Caselet based Data Prepare for these data interpretation topics and cover all the sub-topics. You will be able to fare fairly well by practising these Data Interpretation sets as they extensively cover the essential data interpretation topics and help gain clarity in them. Directions: The following questions are based on the pie-chart given below. Study the pie-chart and answer the questions. Question 1: The central angle for the sector on “Paper-Cost” is Question : If the ‘Printing-cost’ is Rs. 17500, the royalty paid is Question 3: If the “miscellaneous expenses” are Rs.6000, how much more are ‘binding and cutting charges” then ‘Royalty? Question 4: The central angle corresponding to the sector on “Printing Cost” is more than that of “Advertisement Charges” by: Question 5: The “Paper Cost” is approximately what per cent of “Printing cost”? Answers and Explanations Paper cost constitutes 10% of the total cost. The central angle of the whole circle is of 360° and it represent 100% cost. So paper cost = (360/100) × 10 = 36° Hence, the correct answer is option d. Answer 2: b The printing cost is 35% of the total cost and it is given that the printing cost is Rs 17500. Hence, 35% of the total cost is Rs 17500. ⇒ Total cost = (17500/35) × 100 = Rs. 50000 Now, the royalty costs 15% of the total cost. Hence, Royalty = Total cost = (15/100) × 50000 = Rs. 7500 Hence, the answer is option b. Answer 3: c Miscellaneous expenses are 4% of the total cost and it is given that the miscellaneous expenses is Rs 6000. Hence, 4% of the total cost is Rs 6000 ⇒ Total cost = (6000/4) × 100 = Rs. 150000 In terms of percentage, the binding and cutting charges are 3% more than royalty. Hence, the difference between binding and cutting charges and royalty = (3/100) × 150000 = Rs. 4500 Hence, the correct answer is option c. Answer 4: b In terms of percentage share, the Printing cost is 17% more than the Advertisement charges.The central angle of the whole circle is of 3600 and it represent 100% cost. So, the required difference = (360/100) × 17 = 61.2° Hence, the correct answer is option b. Answer 5: b The data is given as a pie chart. So to calculate the required percentage, we do not need the actual amount spent as it will be cancelled out in the final calculations. The paper cost is 10% and printing cost is 35% of the total cost. Hence, the required percentage = (10/35) × 100 = 28.5% Thus, the correct option is (b). Want to explore more Data Interpretation Sets? - Data Interpretation (Level-1): Set-3 - Data Interpretation (Level-1): Set-4 - Data Interpretation (Level-1): Set-5 - Data Interpretation (Level-1): Set-6 - Data Interpretation (Level-1): Set-7 Extra tips for data interpretation topics: • Carefully check the pie chart question if the numerical value of the quantity is given/asked or the degree of the quantity is given/asked. • Do not waste time in removing exact values, round-off the values wherever possible. • Cover all the data interpretation topics to be able to fairly attempt questions in the exams.

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http://dmangus.blogspot.com/2012/05/math-prodigy-srinivasa-ramanujan.html

math

Mathematician Srinavasa Ramanujan's handwritten notebooks in the possession of University of Madras Library. Photo: V. Ganesan The Man Who Knew Infinity: A Life of the Genius Ramanujan by Robert Kanigel "This moving and astonishing biography tells the improbable story of India-born Srinavasa Ramanujan Iyengar, self-taught mathematical prodigy. In 1913 Ramanujan, a 25-year-old clerk who had flunked out of two colleges, wrote a letter filled with startlingly original theorems to eminent English mathematician G. H. Hardy. Struck by the Indian's genius, Hardy, member of the Cambridge Apostles and an obsessive cricket aficionado, brought Ramanujan to England. Over the next five years, the vegetarian Brahmin who claimed his discoveries were revealed to him by a Hindu goddess turned out influential mathematical propositions. Cut off from his young Indian wife left at home and emotionally neglected by fatherly yet aloof Hardy, Ramanujan returned to India in 1919, depressed, sullen and quarrelsome; he died one year later of tuberculosis. Robert Kanigel gives nontechnical readers the flavor of how Ramanujan arrived at his mathematical ideas, which are used today in cosmology and computer science."

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http://kidscraftzone.com/?tag=/sports+kids+crafts

math

Printable Target Diagram: Printable Score Sheet: Sidewalk chalk (Homemade Sidewalk Chalk) #1: Print the diagram and score sheet to take outside #2: On the sidewalk or driveway draw the diagram #3: Stand at least 3 feet (use your feet to measure distance) from outer circle of the diagram #4: Toss the rocks onto the target #5: Set the number of points you are going to play to before the game starts so you know who wins. Keep track of the score on the printable score sheet. *Try painting the rocks in each teams color to keep track of each player’s rocks *Make sure nobody is in your way when you are throwing your rock Paper or Plastic Plate Red Paint or Marker #1: Take a plate and on the back of the plate draw two red dashed lines. See design below #2: Color the back rim red. #3: Trim a small section of the rim away from the plate #4: Punch a hole in the top and attach string to hang from the ceiling or make a few of them to hang on the walls in your room. Use them to decorate for your sports party. Or you can your team name on the plate and take it to the game! Red 3D Paint Metal Coat Hanger #1: Have an adult use a knife to cut a bit off the bottom of the Styrofoam ball so that it sets on a table #2: Using the white paint. Paint the entire Styrofoam ball. And set aside to dry #3: Once dry use the 3-D Paint to create red lines as seen on a baseball #4: Have an adult cut the metal coat hanger (may also use 18 gauge wire) about 7 inches long. Need two metal pieces #5: Using the pencil roll the wire around the pencil three times. This will hold the picture. #6: Place the unrolled end of the wire into baseball #7: All that’s left to do is find your favorite sports pictures to place in the spiral ends of the wire *Use an egg shaped styrofoam with brown and white paint to make a football picture holder *Use a styrofoam ball with black and white paint for a soccer ball picture holder *Use a styrofoam ball with brown and black paint for a basketball picture holder The possiblities are endless! Water Balloons (2 per each player) #1: Create two teams with equal number of players on each side #2: Fill up and tie enough balloons for each player to have two #2: Attach two water balloons to each player. Use the safety pin to attach it to their shorts. Make sure to place the safety pin through the knot part of the balloon. #3: Have the player use normal football rules but instead of tackling someone they have to pop the balloon instead! 10 Ice Cream Sticks Marker or Crayons Thick String or Wire #1: Lay 4 Ice Cream Sticks Horizontally (laying left to right) with about ½’ gap between the sticks #2: On top of those 4 ice cream sticks lay two sticks vertically (or up and down) on the two ends of the 4 sticks. Glue them in place #3: Now tie the thick string or wire to the top stick (of the 4 sticks) #4: For the front side of the picture frame, create a square pattern with 4 sticks and glue them together. #5: Glue the back piece and the front piece together. #6: Use crayons or makers to decorate your picture frame #7: Slide your sports picture into the frame and hang it in your house! ICRA Labeled | Valid XHTML 1.0 | Valid CSS3 Page loaded in 0 seconds.

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https://en.khanacademy.org/science/electrical-engineering/ee-circuit-analysis-topic/ee-dc-circuit-analysis/v/ee-labeling-voltages

math

- Circuit analysis overview - Kirchhoff's current law - Kirchhoff's voltage law - Kirchhoff's laws - Labeling voltages - Application of the fundamental laws (setup) - Application of the fundamental laws (solve) - Application of the fundamental laws - Node voltage method (steps 1 to 4) - Node voltage method (step 5) - Node voltage method - Mesh current method (steps 1 to 3) - Mesh current method (step 4) - Mesh current method - Loop current method - Number of required equations Labeling voltages on a schematic is not a matter of "right" and "wrong". It simply establishes how the voltage appears in the analysis equations. Created by Willy McAllister. Want to join the conversation? - Why was the current labeled as flowing out of the positive side of the battery? Doesn't positive current always flow into the positive side?(7 votes) - Just think like charges repel. Positive charge is always going to flow away from the positive terminal and into the negative one. Remember the conventional way of labeling current is the path a positive charge would take. Hope that's helpful.(8 votes) - At3:47, If I is going out of the positive terminal why the result is not negative?(5 votes) - It is a positive current of positive charge that goes from the positive terminal through the circuit. David, you confuse electron current with conventional current and what you state above is very true for electron current. This is even explained in an earlier video.(5 votes) - @10:10or so you could have been more clear and specific that the plus side of the V1 is still considered to be 1V less then the minus side of V1. Although this is for many counter intuitive it is still correct yes. I needed to replay this part 3 times to exactly listen what you said and where you were pointing too. Just wanted to add for more clarity.(4 votes) - Welcome to the world of many-teachers vs many-style-of-explanation thing. It is not easy sharing a topic to a 30 people class, let alone to a 8 billion khan class. huhu.. Anyway, I kind of like your question/post. It was challenging to be a good teacher, the kind that all-people-can-understand. I wish we can all be one of them. /(^_^) It was also very challenging to be a good student, the kind that are so fast to reach the gist(point) of a lecture/class. I am a very slow learner, and not as hardworking, let alone doing revision. I envy them very-very much. Nevertheless, let's learn something (if not everything) with all our hearts. And may we become wiser, and our kids (and other people kids) become smarter.(7 votes) - Where does the V1 and V2 come in?(3 votes) - From nowhere. For this video/section, the purpose of the video is to share how to label our required variable/parameters when it was not given/labeled in the problem/real_circuit. It is to share that we CAN work out any circuit and get every parameters value ( V, I, R, power, equipment_rating) but we need to be systematic in approach and consistent in naming/labeling parameters. This is VERY useful when you are troubleshooting an electronics/power system that you don't have much info to start with. :)(5 votes) - Generally, what is the most used assumption in circuits: the electron flow [which is the current comes from the negative terminal] or the conventional flow [in which the current comes from the positive terminal same as the voltage (for simplicity)]?(3 votes) - Hi Voncarlo, The test equipment, right hand rule, and textbooks all assume a current flows from positive to negative. If you read the fine print the charge carriers (primarily electrons) are traveling from negative to positive. This is as good an explanation as any: https://xkcd.com/567/ - lets say i had "assumed" a starting direction for the voltage and when calculating the current, get the current to be negative, does this mean that the direction is opposite to my originally assumed direction? also when i substitute my current solution to get V1 or V2, do i just use V=IR with no signs or do i follow the signs i had indicated previously, like if my assumed current flow at the begining got a negative sign for a certain voltage, will i have V=-IR when proving or just V=IR?(3 votes) - IMHO : does this mean that the direction is opposite to my originally assumed direction? > Yup. will i have V=-IR when proving or just V=IR? > Just V = IR. Since this is a question of current direction, then we technically discussing a vector, in which, I don't have a clear way of typing it. :p I would rather draw. :| Sorry. So, I'll use an analogy. let say, we are an alien.. seeing the blue dot (earth, as human call it). we (alien) wanted to study, how fast does this dot move around the star (human call it the sun). The answer have two part, one scalar, one vector. One is the amount of the blue dot displacement change, and one is the direction of the rotation. We need both. The displacement change amount can be calculated, independent of where we are flying from. But for the rotation around the star, we may get 'clockwise' or 'anticlockwise'. The direction calculated depends on which way are we viewing this dot and star. (human : it's anticlockwise if we view from the earths' north and clockwise if we view from the earths' south) Both are true answer(for the alien), but we(alien) can only calculate/observe one at any one point of reference. Similarly, (back to human) putting V1 and V2 means we assume the direction of the current flow. If we calculated a positive value, means it flow in our assumed direction. if we get a negative value, means it flow in the opposite of our assumed direction. hope that helps. :)(3 votes) - At4:20you use Kirkoff Law, meaning the sum of voltages=0. Is this a proprety we can apply in every and any circuit? or is there some kind of requirement?(2 votes) - I'm looking at this serie on circuit analysis to remember what I learnt before, but you got to wonder, since now all I saw was some really basic notations, and all of a sudden he uses K Law without even an introduction ? Imo spend less than 10 videos about notations and at least one to present this important law ...(2 votes) - why is the second diagram negative one volt? resistors don't have polarity(2 votes) - For future readers with the same question: I believe it is clearer if you imagine someone else handed him the schematic with the voltages already marked—which label the voltages entering and leaving the resistor, not polarities of the the resistor itself. (Nothing changes the fact that the resistor is causing a voltage drop.) And now he is using the KVL to analyze a loop. The signs around the resistor do not alter the effect of the resistor (which is revealed by how many ohms it is). The signs simply affect whether the voltage is a rise or drop in calculations, but note that a negative number for a rise is the same as a drop, and a negative number for a drop is the same as a rise. So when you do the calculation, if you see a situation where you want to reverse the signs around the resistor, you can instead just flip the sign of the value of number of ohms. It doesn't change the role of the resistor in the calculation, it just affects the math we do.(1 vote) - That it works out mathematically makes sense since the arithmetic and algebra are very simple but WHY would you ever depict current flowing into a negative terminal and thereby have to reverse the sign of the current ? It seems like this is just complicating things unnecessarily by deliberately introducing something that is wrong and deciding to mathematically compensate for it.(1 vote) - Hello Galba, In the near future you will encounter systems where the direction of current flow cannot be determined by inspection. To solve using "nodal" and "mesh" analysis you will need to guess. Sometimes we get it correct, sometimes not. It is only after the simultaneous equation are solved that the direction of current is known. Know that current can enter a voltage source from the positive terminal. Think of this as charging a battery. Please leave a comment below if you have any questions. - I still struggle to understand why the sign convention puts differences of potential in the opposite direction of the current for passive components. In my head I think of the current i as a kind of vector, so V would have to be a vector too. Because V=iR, and R>0, V would have to point into the same direction. As an additional problem, this way of thinking still works with Kirchhoff's voltage law (ΣV=0). So why would V have to point into the opposite direction?(1 vote) - I feel your pain. This is one of those humps you have to get over at the beginning. Fear not, it is a small hump. Your reasoning about vector current and voltage is valid, but it happens to not be the one we use. Instead, be sure you've seen this video on the sign convention: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/electrical-engineering/ee-circuit-analysis-topic/modal/v/ee-passive-sign-convention. With circuits we don't bother with a vector notation for current, because there are only two possible directions, this way and that way. This distinction can be taken care of with just the sign of the current, so we don't need vectors. The definition of current we use is "positive current is the direction positive charge moves (or would move if it was present)." That's the first decision. We use this even though we know negative electrons are moving in wires. Next, we want Ohm's Law to give the right answer for the voltage polarity when there is a current flowing in a resistor. Suppose you have a battery connected to a resistor. We define current to flow OUT of the positive battery terminal on its way to the resistor. If you measure the voltage with a voltmeter, the more positive voltage is on the end of the resistor closest to the + battery terminal. So we label the voltage that way, with positive voltage sign next to where the current is coming INTO the resistor. This is the sign convention we use at KA and in almost every EE text I've ever seen. It is totally arbitrary that we do this, but we are super consistent about it. It is possible to use the opposite convention, which means we define current to flow in the direction electrons move. That's what you've described in your question. This is also valid, but it is not commonly used. The only example I've ever seen is in the training material used by the US Navy and other branches of the US military. (search for "NEETS").(3 votes) - [Voiceover] In this video, I want to do a demonstration of the process of labeling voltages on a circuit that we're about to analyze. This is something that sometimes causes stress, or confusion, and I want to just basically try to get out of that stressful situation, so the first thing I want to do, is remind ourselves of the convention, the sign convention for passive components, so we said, If we have a resistor that we draw this way, and we label the voltage plus or minus V on it, then when we label the current arrow, we want to label the current arrow so it goes into the positive terminal of the component, in this case a resistor, so just another quick example, if I draw the resistor sideways like this, if I label the voltages, the minus one on this side, and the plus one on this side, then when I go to apply the current arrow, I put the current arrow into the positive voltage sign, so this here is the sign convention for an individual component. How do we label the voltage, and the current together to be consistent? Now we're going to to over and analyze a circuit. I've drawn a circuit here. It's two identical circuits, and we're going to do it two different ways, with two different voltage labels, so the first thing we do, of course, when we analyze a circuit, is we set up the variables that we want to talk about. We'll do this side first. I'll label this as i, and that's a choice I can make, and then I'm going to label the voltages too, and I'm going to choose to label the voltages like this, plus and minus V, and we'll call this V1, and this will be plus or minus V2, so first, let's carry through and do the analysis of this circuit, and I'll give some component values to this. We'll call this 10 ohms, and this one's 20 ohms. Now I'm going to do an application of Kirchhoff's voltage law, around this loop, and we'll see how it turns out. All right, so Kirchhoff's voltage law will start at this node here, and will go around the circuit this way, and we'll do some equations. We'll say, plus three volts, when we go through this device, we get a voltage rise of three, then we get a voltage drop, because we go from plus to minus, we get a voltage drop of minus V1, and then we get another drop of V2, minus V2, equals zero. That's our KVL equation for this circuit over here, so let's keep going with this analysis. Three volts, minus V1 is i times R1, i times 10, and V2 is i times 20 ohms, and that equals zero, so let's keep going. Three minus i times 10, plus 20, equals zero, and that means that i equals minus three over, minus three goes to this side, 10 plus 20 is 30, and the minus sign goes with the 30, minus 30, so i equals plus amp, so we solve for i, and let's just pick out V1. Let's solve for V1, and we said earlier that V1 was i times R1, so V1 equals i, which is .1 amps, times 10 ohms, equals one volt. If we do it for V2, that equals .1 amps, times 20 ohms, and that equals two volts, and I can do one last little check, I can go back, and I can see KVL, I could do a check to see if this equation came out right, so three volts, minus V1 is one volt, and V2 is two volts, and that equals zero, and I get to put a check mark here, because yes, it's equal to zero. That was a real quick analysis of a simple two resistor circuit, and we got all the voltages and currents. Now I'm going to go do the same thing again, but this time I'm going to do the voltage labels a little bit odd. What I'm going to do here, is I'm going to say two plus. I'm going to define V1 to be in that direction, and we'll keep V2 like it was before, and now I need a current variable, and I'm going to call my current variable i here, just like we did before. Now at this point, you might say, Willie, you did it wrong. You did it wrong. That's not the right voltage label, but I want to show you that I'm going to get the same answer, even though I did it this unusual way, so let's do the same KVL analysis on this circuit, and what I want to show you, is that the arithmetic that we're about to do takes care of the science just fine. All right, so KVL on this circuit says that we'll start at the same place, and go around the same direction, so this says they're three volts, a voltage rise of three volts, we go in the minus sign, and out the positive sign, so that's a voltage rise. Now we get over to R1, and we go in the minus sign of R1, and out the plus sign, so that's plus V1, that's different than we had last time, right? Last time we had minus V1 here, see, and now we have plus V1. This is going to work out okay though. Now we go in the plus sign of V2, and we come out the minus sign, so that's a voltage drop, so we do a subtraction, and that equals zero. All right, we've got different equations, but we've got different definitions of V1, so now I want to write these V terms in terms of the resistance value, and the current value, and this is where we use the sign convention carefully, so now we need to include a term to represent R1, to use Ohm's law here. Now we have to be careful, this is one point we have to be careful, the current is going in the negative terminal of R1, so we're going to say VR1 equals negative i, times R1. Does that make sense? If we define our current variable to be going in the negative sign, then Ohm's law picks up this negative sign, to make it come out right, so down here, we plug in minus iR1, which is minus i times 10, that's a difference, and then we go through V2, and V2 is the same as it was in the other equation, minus V2 is i times R2, which is 20, and that all equals zero. Even right now, if you look at this equation, you see this minus sign, that snuck in here, because of our good use of the sign convention for passive componets. That makes this equation look just like this one here, so let's continue with the analysis. Just need a little bit more room, three volts minus i times 10 plus 20, equals zero. Now we have the same equation as before, so we're going to get the same i, i equals, three goes to the other side, and becomes minus three, 10 plus 20 is 30, with the minus sign. It goes over, same as before, so those came out the same, so now let's go check the voltages, see if we can compute the same voltages, and what he have to notice here, is our reference direction, the original reference direction we have for V generated a minus sign when we used Ohm's law, so we keep doing that, it's okay, so V1, equals minus iR1, equals minus .1 amps times 10, and that equals minus one volt, and V2 equals i times R2, which is equal to .1 times 20 ohms, and that equals plus two volts, and now the difference, we see the difference here. Here is the difference that showed up. V1 in this circuit has the positive voltage at the top, it came out with a value of plus one volt, and when we flipped over V1, negative one volt here, means that this terminal of the resistor, is one volt below this terminal of the resistor, and that means exactly the same thing in this case, as it does in this case, so these two things mean the same thing, and of course, the voltage on number two came out the same, so the purpose of the demonstration was just to show you, that no matter which way you name the voltages, somewhere in here, like right here, Kirchhoff's voltage law will take care of keeping the sign right, and you end up with the same answer at the end, so when you're faced with the problem of labeling a circuit like this, don't stress out about trying to guess ahead, what the sign of the voltage is going to turn out. You just need to pick an orientation, and go with it, and the arithmetic will take care of the positive signs, and the negative signs.

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http://codystudies.org/lib/lambda-calculus-types-and-models

math

By Jean-Louis Krivine, Rene Corvi (translator) Read or Download Lambda-calculus, types and models PDF Best nonfiction_5 books Speakout is a brand new normal English path that is helping grownup newbies achieve self assurance in all ability parts utilizing real fabrics from the BBC. With its wide selection of help fabric, it meets the varied wishes of rookies in various educating occasions and is helping to bridge the distance among the study room and the genuine international. The exciting chilly conflict masterwork through the Nobel Prize winner, released in complete for the 1st time Moscow, Christmas Eve, 1949. The Soviet mystery police intercept a choice made to the yankee embassy by way of a Russian diplomat who supplies to carry secrets and techniques in regards to the nascent Soviet Atomic Bomb application. On that very same day, a super mathematician is locked away inside of a Moscow felony that homes the country's brightest minds. - Descriptionary: A Thematic Dictionary, 4th edition (Facts On File Library of Language and Literature) - The Fountain of Philosophy, A Translation of the Twelfth-Century Fons philosophiae of Godfrey of Saint Victor - Alexis de Tocqueville (Major Conservative and Libertarian Thinkers, Vol. 7) - The Bisu Language - The Economist - 10 March 2001 Extra info for Lambda-calculus, types and models Uk is of type X in the context y : U (where U = Ω, Ω, . . , Ω → X). Thus t is of type U1 , . . , Un → X in the context y : U (U1 , . . , Un may be arbitrarily chosen, except when y = xi ; in that case, take Ui = U). D. 22. If x1 : A1 , x2 : A2 , . . , xk : Ak x1 : A1 ∧ A1 , x2 : A2 , . . , xk : Ak t : A. t : A, then : Proof by induction on the number of rules used to obtain : t : A (either rules 1 to 6, page 42 or x1 : A1 , x2 : A2 ,. . , xk : Ak rules 1 to 5, page 51). Consider the last one. Of terms such that : for every n ≥ 0, tn β0 tn+1 (tn+1 is obtained by reducing a redex in tn ) ; for every n ≥ 0, there exists a p ≥ n such that tp+1 is obtained by reducing the leftmost redex in tp . 12 (Quasi leftmost normalization theorem). Suppose x1 : A1 , . . , xk : Ak DΩ t : A, and Ω does not occur in A,A1 ,. . ,Ak . Then there is no infinite quasi leftmost reduction of t. Chapter 3. Intersection type systems 49 In order to prove it, we again define an adapted pair (N0 , N ) : N is the set of all terms which do not admit an infinite quasi leftmost reduction ; N0 is the set of all terms of the form (x)t1 . In particular, all variables are in N0 (take n = 0). We have to check conditions (i) and (ii) in the definition of adapted pairs (page 46) : i) N is saturated : clearly, if (u[t/x])t1 . . tn is normalizable by leftmost β-reduction, then so is (λx u)tt1 . . tn . ii) N0 ⊂ N : if t ∈ N0 , say t = (x)t1 . . tn for some variable x and t1 , . . , tn ∈ N , then t1 , . . , tn are all normalizable by leftmost β-reduction, thus t clearly satisfies the same property. The inclusion N0 ⊂ (N → N0 ) is obvious.

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https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ420610

math

ERIC Number: EJ420610 Record Type: CIJE Publication Date: 1990 Reference Count: 0 Has Progress in Mathematics Slowed Down? Halmos, Paul R. American Mathematical Monthly, v97 n7 p561-88 Aug-Sep 1990 Reported is whether and how mathematics has changed during the 75 years of the Mathematical Association of America's (MAA) existence. The progress of mathematics is organized into 9 concepts, 2 explosions, and 11 developments. (KR) Publication Type: Journal Articles; Opinion Papers Education Level: N/A Audience: Teachers; Researchers; Practitioners Authoring Institution: N/A Note: Journal availability: See SE 547 161.

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https://www.coursehero.com/file/6561187/a7/

math

This preview shows page 1. Sign up to view the full content. Unformatted text preview: CO350 Assignment 7 Due: July 9 at 2pm. Your full name, student ID number, the course number, and the name of your instructor should all be clearly visible on the front of your assignment. Exercise 1: For the following pairs ( A,b ) solve the feasibility problem ( Ax = b, x 0) by first formu- lating the auxiliary problem ( P ) and then solving ( P ) by the simplex method. Your solution should include the initial and final tableaux, but you do not need to include the intermediate tableaux required to solve ( P ). If ( Ax = b, x 0) is feasible, give a feasible solution, otherwise find a vector y satisfying ( A T y , b T y < 0). (a) A = - 1 1 2 1- 2 1 1- 1 1 1 1- 1 1 , and b = 1 1 4 . (b) A = 1 2 1- 1 1 1 1- 1 1 1 1 , and b = 1 3 1 . Exercise 2: Let A R m n with rank( A ) = m and b R m . Prove that, if ( x,u ) is an optimal basic feasible solution for the auxiliary problem ( P ) and ( x,u ) has objective value 0, then... View Full Document - Spring '09

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https://www.allthescience.org/what-is-a-circular-orbit.htm

math

A circular orbit is type of orbit in which a celestial body moves in a circle around another celestial body. While drawings of objects in orbit often depict these objects in a circular orbit for reasons of simplicity, circular orbits are actually quite rare, requiring a sort of perfect storm of circumstances to occur. In our solar system, the Earth comes the closest to having a circular orbit, which is one of the reasons it is habitable, and among the planets, Mercury has the least circular orbit. (Now that Pluto has been downgraded, it no longer holds the “most eccentric orbit” title.) Celestial bodies tend to orbit in an ellipse, with the object they are orbiting around at one of the focal points of the ellipse. The ellipse can be very stretched out and elongated, or closer to a circle, with the term “eccentricity” being used to describe the shape of the ellipse. An orbit with an eccentricity of zero is a circular orbit, while an orbit with an eccentricity of one would be highly elongated. Just for reference, the eccentricity of Earth's orbit is .0167. In order for a circular orbit to occur, the orbiting object has to achieve the right velocity, and the interaction between the object in orbit and the object it is orbiting around must remain stable. This is fairly rare; satellites launched from Earth, for example, usually have a more elliptical orbit because it is difficult to get them to fall into a perfectly circular orbit. A number of calculations can be used to determine the eccentricity of an orbit, and to play with variables which could change the shape of the object's orbit. These calculations can be used to analyze data about objects in other solar systems, and in the development of mission plans for satellites and other objects being launched from Earth. The eccentricity of an object's orbit can have some interesting implications. For Earth, the slight shifts in position relative to the Sun play a role in the seasons, but the fact that the Earth's orbit is close to circular in nature also prevents extremes. If Earth had a more eccentric orbit, the temperature swings between seasons could be too intense for organisms to adapt, making it impossible for life on Earth to occur. Differences in orbit also explain why sometimes various celestial objects come into alignment with each other, and at other times, they do not.

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https://www.arxiv-vanity.com/papers/math/0611330/

math

Nguetseng’s Two-scale Convergence Method For Filtration and Seismic Acoustic Problems in Elastic Porous Media Abstract. A linear system of differential equations describing a joint motion of elastic porous body and fluid occupying porous space is considered. Although the problem is linear, it is very hard to tackle due to the fact that its main differential equations involve non-smooth oscillatory coefficients, both big and small, under the differentiation operators. The rigorous justification, under various conditions imposed on physical parameters, is fulfilled for homogenization procedures as the dimensionless size of the pores tends to zero, while the porous body is geometrically periodic. As the results, we derive Biot’s equations of poroelasticity, equations of viscoelasticity, or decoupled system consisting of non-isotropic Lamé’s equations and Darcy’s system of filtration, depending on ratios between physical parameters. The proofs are based on convergence method of homogenization in periodic structures. Key words: Biot’s equations, Stokes equations, Lamé’s equations, two-scale convergence, homogenization of structures, poroelasticity, viscoelasticity. In this article a problem of modelling of small perturbations in elastic deformable medium, perforated by a system of channels (pores) filled with liquid or gas, is considered. Such media are called elastic porous media and they are a rather good approximation to real consolidated grounds. In present-day literature, the field of study in mechanics corresponding to these media is called poromechanics . The solid component of such a medium has a name of skeleton, and the domain, which is filled with a fluid, is named a porous space. The exact mathematical model of elastic porous medium consists of the classical equations of momentum and mass balance, which are stated in Euler variables, of the equations determining stress fields in both solid and liquid phases, and of an endowing relation determining behavior of the interface between liquid and solid components. The latter relation expresses the fact that the interface is a material surface, which amounts to the condition that it consists of the same material particles all the time. Denoting by the density of medium, by the velocity, by the stress tensor in the liquid component, by the stress tensor in the rigid skeleton, and by the characteristic (indicator) function of porous space, we write the fundamental differential equations of the nonlinear model in the form where stands for the material derivative with respect to the time variable. Clearly the above stated original model is a model with an unknown (free) boundary. The more precise formulation of the nonlinear problem is not in focus of our present work. Instead, we aim to study the problem, linearized at the rest state. In continuum mechanics the methods of linearization are developed rather deeply. The so obtained linear model is a commonly accepted and basic one for description of filtration and seismic acoustics in elastic porous media (see, for example, [2, 3, 4]). Further we refer to this model as to model A. In this model the characteristic function of the porous space is a known function for . It is assumed that this function coincides with the characteristic function of the porous space , given at the initial moment. Being written in terms of dimensionless variables, the differential equations of the model involve frequently oscillating non-smooth coefficients, which have structures of linear combinations of the function . These coefficients undergo differentiation with respect to and besides may be very big or very small quantities as compared to the main small parameter . In the model under consideration we define as the characteristic size of pores divided by the characteristic size of the entire porous body: Denoting by the dimensionless displacement vector of the continuum medium, in terms of dimensionless variables we write the differential equations of model A as follows: Here and further we use the notation From the purely mathematical point of view, the corresponding initial-boundary value problem for model A is well-posed in the sense that it has a unique solution belonging to a suitable functional space on any finite temporal interval. However, in view of possible applications, for example, for developing numerical codes, this model is ineffective due to its sophistication even if a modern supercomputer is available. Therefore a question of finding an effective approximate models is vital. Since the model involves the small parameter , the most natural approach to this question is to derive models that would describe limiting regimes arising as tends to zero. Such an approximation significantly simplifies the original problem and at the same time preserves all of its main features. But even this approach is too hard to work out, and some additional simplifying assumptions are necessary. In terms of geometrical properties of the medium, the most appropriate is to simplify the problem postulating that the porous structure is periodic. Further by model we will call model A supplemented by this periodicity condition. Thus, our main goal now is a derivation of all possible homogenized equations in the model . The first research with the aim of finding limiting regimes in the case when the skeleton was assumed to be an absolutely rigid body was carried out by E. Sanchez-Palencia and L. Tartar. E. Sanchez-Palencia [3, Sec. 7.2] formally obtained Darcy’s law of filtration using the method of two-scale asymptotic expansions, and L. Tartar [3, Appendix] mathematically rigorously justified the homogenization procedure. Using the same method of two-scale expansions J. Keller and R. Burridge derived formally the system of Biot’s equations from model in the case when the parameter was of order , and the rest of the coefficients were fixed independent of . It is well-known that the various modifications of Biot’s model are bases of seismic acoustics problems up-to-date. This fact emphasizes importance of comprehensive study of model A and model one more time. J. Keller and R. Burridge also considered model under assumption that all the physical parameters were fixed independent of , and formally derived as the result a system of equations of viscoelasticity. Under the same assumptions as in the article , the rigorous justification of Biot’s model was given by G. Nguetseng and later by A. Mikelić, R. P. Gilbert, Th. Clopeaut, and J. L. Ferrin in [4, 6, 7]. Also A. Mikelić et al derived a system of equations of viscoelasticity, when all the physical parameters were fixed independent of . In these works, Nguetseng’s two-scale convergence method [8, 10] was the main method of investigation of the model . In the present work by means of the same method we investigate all possible limiting regimes in the model . This method in rather simple form discovers the structure of the weak limit of a sequence as , where and sequences and converge as merely weakly, but at the same time function has the special structure with being periodic in . Moreover, Nguetseng’s method allows to establish asymptotic expansions of a solution of model in the form where is a solution of the homogenized (limiting) problem, is a solution of some initial-boundary value problem posed on the generic periodic cell of the porous space, and exponent is defined by dimensionless parameters of the model. Distinct asymptotic behavior of these parameters and distinct geometry of the porous space lead to different limiting regimes, namely, to various forms of Darcy’s law for velocity of liquid component and of non-isotropic Lamé’s equations for displacement of rigid component in cases of big parameter , also, to various forms of Biot’s system in cases of small parameter , and to different forms of equations of viscoelasticity in cases when parameters and are as . For example, in the case when the velocity of liquid component and the displacement of rigid skeleton possess the following asymptotic: At the same time all equations are determined in a unique way by the given physical parameters of the original model and by geometry of the porous space. For example, in the case of isolated pores (disconnected porous space) the unique limiting regime for any combinations of parameters is a regime described by the non-isotropic system of Lamé’s equations. On our opinion, the proposed approach, when the limiting transition in all coefficients is fulfilled simultaneously, is the most natural one. We emphasize that it is not assumed starting from the original model that the fluid component is inviscid, the porous skeleton is absolutely rigid, or either of the components is incompressible. These kinds of properties arise in limiting models depending on limiting relations, which involve all parameters of the problem. The articles and , as well as the present one, show in favor of such a uniform approach, because they exhibit the situations, when various rates of approach of the small parameter to zero yield distinct homogenized equations. Moreover, these equations differ from the homogenized equations derived as the limit of model under assumption , imposed even before homogenization . Suppose that all dimensionless parameters of the depend on the small parameter of the model and there exist limits (finite or infinite) We restrict our consideration by the cases when and either of the following situations has place. If then, re-normalizing the displacement vector by setting we reduce the problem to one of the cases (I)–(III). In the present paper we show that in the case the homogenized equations have various forms of Biot’s system of equations of poroelasticity for a two-velocity continuum media or non-isotropic Lam’e’s system of equations of one-velocity continuum media (for example, for the case of disconnected porous space)(theorem 2.2). In the case the homogenized equations are different modifications of Darcy’s system of equations of filtration for the velocity of the liquid component (and as a first approximation the solid component behaves yourself as an absolutely rigid body) and as a second approximation – non-isotropic Lam’e’s system of equations for the re-normalized displacements of the solid component or Biot’s system of equations of poroelasticity for the re-normalized displacements of the liquid and solid components(theorem 2.3). Finally, in the case they are the non-local viscoelasticity equations or non-isotropic non-local Lam’e’s system of equations of one-velocity continuum media (theorem 2.4). §1. Models A and 1.1. Differential equations, boundary and initial conditions. Let a domain of the physical space be the union of a domain occupied with the rigid porous ground and a domain corresponding to hollows (pores) in the ground. Domain is called a porous space and is assumed to be filled with liquid or gas. Denote by the displacement vector of the continuum medium (of ground or liquid or gas)) at the point in Euler coordinate system at the moment of time . Under an assumption that the displacement vector is small in , which amounts to a case when deformations are small, dynamics of rigid phase is described by linear Lamé’s equations and dynamics of fluid or gas is described by Stokes equations. At the same time we may set that the velocity vector in fluid or gas is a partial derivative of the displacement vector with respect to time variable, i.e., that . This assumption makes perfect sense in description of continuous media in domains, where the characteristic size of pores is very small as compared to the diameter of the domain , i.e., and (see, for example, [2, 3, 4] and recall the observation of the linearization procedure for the exact nonlinear model in Introduction). In terms of the dimensionless variables, not denoted by the asterisk below, the displacement and the pressure of fluid and the displacement of rigid skeleton satisfy the system of Stokes equations and the system of Lamé’s equations In (1.1)–(1.6) is the given vector of distributed mass forces, is the characteristic macroscopic size – the diameter of the domain , is characteristic duration of physical processes, is mean density of air under atmosphere pressure, and are respectively mean dimensionless densities of liquid and rigid phases, correlated with mean density of air, is the value of acceleration of gravity, and is atmosphere pressure. Dimensionless constants are defined by the formulas where is the viscosity of fluid or gas, is the bulk viscosity of fluid or gas, and are elastic Lamé’s constants, and is a speed of sound in fluid. For the unknown functions , , and , the commonly accepted conditions of continuity of the displacement field and normal tensions are imposed on the interface between the two phases (see, for example, [2, 3, 4]): In (1.8) is the unit normal vector to . Note that exactly these conditions appear as the result of linearization of the exact nonlinear model. Finally, system (1.2)–(1.6), (1.8)–(1.9) is endowed by giving a displacement field on and at the moment and by giving a velocity field at the . Further without loss of generality, with the aim to simplify the technical outline, we suppose that these boundary conditions are homogeneous. 1.2. Geometry of porous space. In model A a Lipschitz smoothness of the interface between porous space and rigid skeleton is the only restriction on geometry of porous space. In model the porous medium has geometrically periodic structure. Its formal description is as follows [4, 11]. Firstly a geometric structure inside a pattern unit cell is defined. Let be a ‘solid part’ of the cell . The ’liquid part’ is its open complement. Set , , the translation of on an integer-valued vector . Union of such translations along all , is the 1-periodic repetition of all over . Let be the open complement of in . The following assumptions on geometry of and are (i) is an open connected set of strictly positive measure with a Lipschitz boundary, and also has strictly positive measure on . (ii) and are open sets with -smooth boundaries. The set is locally situated on one side of the boundary , and the set is locally situated on one side of the boundary and connected. Domains and are intersections of the domain with the sets and , where the sets and are periodic domains in with generic cells and of the diameter , respectively. Union is the closed cube , and the interface is the -periodic repetition of the boundary all over . Further by we will denote the characteristic function of the porous space. For simplicity we accept the following constraint on the domain and the parameter . Domain is cube, , and quantity is integer, so that always contains an integer number of elementary cells . Under this assumption, we have where is the characteristic function of in . We say that a porous space is disconnected (isolated 1.3. Generalized solutions in models A and . Define the displacement in the whole domain by the formula and the pressures , , and by formulas Thus introduced new unknown functions should satisfy the system where . If , then . Equations (1.13) are understood in the sense of distributions theory. They involve the both equations (1.2) and (1.5) in the domains and , respectively, and the boundary conditions (1.8) and (1.9) on the interface . There are various equivalent in the sense of distributions forms of representation of equations (1.13). In what follows, it is convenient to write them in the form of the integral equality where is an arbitrary smooth test function, such that at the and on the boundary of the domain , . In (1.14) by we denote the convolution (or, equivalently, the inner tensor product) of two second-rank tensors along the both indexes, i.e., . Here the assumption, that the boundary and initial conditions are homogeneous, is not essential. Let the interface between and be piece-wise continuously differentiable, parameters , , , , , , , and be strictly positive, and assume that . Due to linearity of the problem, justification of Lemma 1.1 reduces to verification of bounds (1.17). These appear by means of differentiation of Eqs. (1.13) with respect to (note that and do not depend on ), multiplication of the resulting equation by , and integration by parts. Pressures and are estimated directly from Eqs. (1.12). Further the focus of this article is centered solely on model , in which coefficients of Eqs. (1.12) and (1.13) depend continuously on the small parameter , and is a corresponding generalized solution. We aim to find out the limiting regimes of the model as . §2. Formulation of the main results Suppose additionally that there exist limits (finite or infinite) In what follows we assume that Dimensionless parameters in the model satisfy restrictions All parameters may take all permitted values. For example, if or , then all terms in final equations containing these parameters disappear. Assume that conditions of Lemma 1.1 hold and that is a generalized solution in model . The following assertions are valid: where and is a constant independent of . with re-normalized parameters then for displacements hold true estimates (2.2) and under condition for the pressures and in the liquid component hold true estimates (2.3). If instead of restriction (2.4) hold true conditions where and is a constant independent of . These last estimates imply (2.3). and sequences and are uniformly bounded with respect to in . Assume that the hypotheses in Theorem 2.1 hold, and Then functions admit an extension from into such that the sequence converges strongly in and weakly in to the functions . At the same time, sequences , , , and converge weakly in to , , , and , respectively. The following assertions for these limiting functions hold (I) If or the porous space is disconnected (a case of isolated pores), then and the functions , , , and satisfy in the domain the following initial-boundary value problem: (II) If , then the weak limits , , , , of sequences , , , , satisfy the initial-boundary value problem consisting of the balance of momentum equation and Darcy’s law in the form in the case and , Darcy’s law in the form in the case and , and, finally, Darcy’s law in the form in the case and . This problem is endowed with initial and boundary conditions (2.10) and the boundary condition for the velocity of the fluid component. Assume that the hypotheses in Theorem 2.1 hold, and that (I) If and one of conditions (2.4) or (2.5) holds true, then sequences , and converge weakly in to , , and respectively. The functions admit an extension from into such that the sequence converges strongly in and weakly in to zero and 1) if and , then functions , and solve in the domain the problem , where 2) if and , then functions , and solve in the domain the problem , where satisfies Darcy’s law in the form and pressures and satisfy equations (2.18); 3) if and , then functions , and solve in the domain the problem , where satisfies Darcy’s law in the form and pressures and satisfy equations (2.18). Problems – are endowed with boundary condition (2.16). (II) If and conditions (2.5) hold true, then the sequence converges strongly in and weakly in to function and the sequence converges weakly in to the function . The limiting functions and satisfy the boundary value problem in the domain where the function is referred to as given. It is defined from the corresponding of Problems – (the choice of the problem depends on and ). The symmetric strictly positively defined constant fourth-rank tensor , matrices and and constants and are defined below by formulas (5.30), (5.32) - (5.33), in which we have

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CC-MAIN-2021-31

http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2011/04/quarter-wit-quarter-wisdom-zap-the-weighted-average-brutes/

math

Let me start today’s discussion with a question from our Arithmetic book. I love this question because it is very crafty (much like actual GMAT questions, I assure you!) It looks like a calculation intensive question and makes you spend 3-4 minutes (scribbling furiously) but is actually pretty straight forward when understood from the ‘weighted average’ perspective. We looked at an easier version of this question in the last post. John and Ingrid pay 30% and 40% tax annually, respectively. If John makes $56000 and Ingrid makes $72000, what is their combined tax rate? If we do not use weighted averages concept, this question would involve a tricky calculation. Something on the lines of: Total Tax = (30/100)*56000 + (40/100)*72000 Tax Rate = Total Tax / (56000 + 72000) But we know better! The big numbers – 56000 and 72000 are just a smokescreen. I could have as well given you $86380 and $111060 as their salaries; I would have still obtained the same average tax rate! What is important is not the actual values of the salaries but the relation between the values i.e. the ratio of their salaries. Let me show you. We need to find their average tax rate. Since their salaries are different, the average tax rate is not (30 + 40)/ 2. We need to find the ‘weighted average of their tax rates’. In the last post, we discussed w1/w2 = (A2 – Aavg) / (Aavg – A1) The ratio of their salaries w1/w2 = 56000 / 72000 = 7/9 7/9 = (40 – Tavg) / (Tavg – 30) Tavg = 35.6% Imagine that! No long calculations! In the last post, when we wanted to find the average age of boys and girls – 10 boys with an average age of 17 yrs and 20 girls with an average age of 20 yrs, all we needed was the relative weights (relative number of people) in the two groups i.e. 1:2. It didn’t matter whether there were 10 boys and 20 girls or 100 boys and 200 girls. It’s exactly the same concept here. It doesn’t matter what the actual salaries are. We just need to find the ratio of the salaries. Also notice that the two tax rates are 30% and 40%. The average tax rate is 35.6% i.e. closer to 40% than to 30%. Doesn’t it make sense? Since the salary of Ingrid is $72,000, that is, more than salary of John, her tax rate of 40% ‘pulls’ the average toward itself. In other words, Ingrid’s tax rate has more ‘weight’ than John’s. Hence the average shifts from 35% to 35.6% i.e. toward Ingrid’s tax rate of 40%. Let’s now look at PS question no. 148 from the Official Guide which is a beautiful example of the use of weighted averages. If a, b and c are positive numbers such that [a/(a+b)]*20 + [b/(a+b)]*40 = c and if a < b, which of the following could be the value of c? Let me tell you, it isn’t an easy question (and the explanation given in the OG makes my head spin). First of all, notice that the question says: ‘could be the value of c’ not ‘is the value of c’ which means there isn’t a unique value of c. ‘c’ could take multiple values and one of those is given in the options. Secondly, we are given that a < b. Now how does that figure in our scheme of things? It is not an equation so we certainly cannot use it to solve for c. If you look closely, you will notice that the given equation is (20*a + 40*b) / (a + b) = c Does it remind you of something? It should, considering that we are doing weighted averages right now! Isn’t it very similar to the weighted average formula we saw in the last post? (A1*w1 + A2*w2) / (w1 + w2) = Weighted Average So basically, c is just the weighted average of 20 and 40 with a and b as weights. Since a < b, weightage given to 20 is less than the weightage given to 40 which implies that the average will be pulled closer to 40 than to 20. So the average will most certainly be greater than 30, which is right in the middle of 40 and 20, but will be less than 40. There is only one such number, 36, in the options. ‘c’ can take the value ‘36’ and hence, (D) will be the answer. Elementary, isn’t it? Not really! If you do not consider it from the weighted average perspective, this question can torture you for hours. These are just a couple of many applications of weighted average. Next week, we will review Mixtures, another topic in which weighted averages are a lifesaver! Karishma, a Computer Engineer with a keen interest in alternative Mathematical approaches, has mentored students in the continents of Asia, Europe and North America. She teaches the GMAT for Veritas Prep in Detroit, Michigan, and regularly participates in content development projects such as this blog!

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http://mathematicaguidebooks.org/opinions.shtml

math

Here are some comments about the GuideBooks: One can always learn from others and this book is an incredible gift from Michael to all Mathematica users. Full comments on user group wiki Given by Luc Barthelet, Electronic Arts This massive work is the comprehensive and long-awaited guide to help scientists use Mathematica to solve problems as they arise naturally in applications - not just exercises contrived for students. The techniques explained here range from brilliant one-liners to sophisticated programs. I particularly appreciate the vast range of examples illustrating the many facets of Mathematica: making pictures, doing algebra, number-crunching.... Given by Sir Michael Berry, www.phy.bris.ac.uk/staff/berry_mv.html The Mathematica GuideBooks provide a really substantial tour through the mathematical sciences, with many delightful side-trips. Anyone who takes the time to inspect them will come away much wiser about experimental mathematics, symbolic and numerical computation and much more. They make a compelling case for the future of computer-assisted mathematics. Given by Jonathan Borwein, www.cs.dal.ca/~jborwein Trott's Mathematica GuideBooks are the perfect supplement to The Mathematica Book by Wolfram. Any Mathematica user will benefit enormously either by reading them from cover to cover or as authoritative references. Given by Steven M. Christensen, smc.vnet.net/Christensen.html Time has now come when even the purest mathematician can no longer ignore the new power of computers and computer programing as a means of exploring and tackling mathematical reality. Michael Trott is a perfect guide to the art of getting the best out of this new tool. This book, by its superb level and quality, its sophistication and completeness, should play a major role in allowing a whole generation of mathematicians to understand and master the sophisticated use of computers for doing real mathematics. Given by Alain Connes, www.alainconnes.org Michael Trott's GuideBook series is a splendid achievement. Trott is not only a master of graphical presentation, he is also a keen mathematician. The Programming installment is a healthy and powerful mix of artistry and science. Given by Richard E. Crandall, www.reed.edu/~crandall Mathematica, a comprehensive tool for doing mathematics, is thoroughly infused with mathematical history. The graphic examples, which expose and illustrate features of Mathematica, are frequently classic artifacts of important discoveries and inventions. The Graphics GuideBook is an amazingly complete library of visual mathematics and programming techniques. Given by Stewart Dickson, emsh.calarts.edu/~mathart/SPD_ref.html There is a quality about the work that I find very difficult to describe. I don't mean to say that the work itself is cryptic,but rather that there are some special qualities I don't find in other Mathematica authors. Michael Trott has a unique vision of mathematics and physics, and Mathematica allows him to express this vision. Most books about Mathematica treat it as a useful tool. Michael Trott takes Mathematica and uses it as a complete medium of expression. Given by David Fowler, www.unl.edu/tcweb/fowler/fowler.html Mathematical computing offers us the opportunity to explore new ideas with immediate, accurate feedback. Michael Trott's inspiring book proves this idea over and over. The breadth of covered topics is staggering, and Trott wields the Mathematica language with elegance and confidence. The inclusion of all the source code means that readers can immediately experiment with and build upon his marvelous work. Given by Andrew Glassner, www.glassner.com/ The most impressive thing about the GuideBooks is the large number of surprising and serious mathematical and scientific problems which are solved with Mathematica. Anyone who is not yet sure if Mathematica is the right tool for his area of science should check out this book. Given by Andrzej Kozlowski, www.akikoz.net/~andrzej/ Michael Trott, as a Mathematica insider and guru, has written an impressive set of books that will prove invaluable. The motivated reader will be propelled well beyond average programming proficiency, to a superior understanding of Mathematica and a new ease in exploring its strengths. Given by Silvio Levy, www.msri.org/people/staff/levy/ I had a look at the various chapters and I am amazed... You have made a superlative (and a titanic) work! I think your book will become a "best seller" among the manuals about Mathematica. It is the natural and perfect complement to the Wolfram's Mathematica Book. Given by Domenico Minunni, University of Bari The Mathematica GuideBooks are a tour de force - an encyclopedic treatment of computer programming, graphics, numerical computation and computer aided symbolic mathematics. Lucid descriptions, compelling illustrations and easy-to-follow source code empower the reader in each of the domains. Taken together the guidebooks form a comprehensive guide to harnessing the enormous power of Mathematica. Everyone who uses Mathematica in science, engineering, mathematics or even art, can benefit from this incredible series. Given by Nathan P. Myhrvold, www.intellectualventures.com/bio.aspx?id=e26036be-aefc-4333-98da-822bb698318e A mammoth, wonderfully illustrated compendium of technique and example, Trott's set of GuideBooks elucidates Mathematica's many capabilities, inspiring both expert and novice to compute, visualize, and create. Given by Ivars Peterson, sivarspeterson.googlepages.com/ This book will be the ultimate in Mathematica guide books for mathematicians and those who use mathematics. The author's knowledge of the software is very deep, but that would not be worth much without an imagination. And that is where he excels. Given by Stan Wagon, www.stanwagon.com The Mathematica GuideBooks are true mathematical gems. Overflowing with beautiful results, extensive literature references, and stunning graphics, these books provide a fascinating glimpse into the power of computational mathematics. Michael Trott's expert knowledge of the Mathematica programming language make these books an indispensable reference to both novice and experienced Mathematica programmers, and his encyclopedic knowledge of math, physics, and the literature make these books a mathematical tour de force. I have no doubt that the GuideBooks will rapidly become among the most treasured books in the libraries of students, researchers, and math enthusiasts alike. Given by Eric W. Weisstein, mathworld.wolfram.com

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https://kr.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/1993-plot-p-d-f-from-m-g-f

math

Plot p.d.f. from m.g.f 조회 수: 4(최근 30일) Knowing only the Moment Generating Function (or alternatively the Characteristic function, replacing t by it) of a distribution with five parameters, with m.g.f given by M(t) = c(1)*t+c(2)*c(3)-c(2)*(c(3)^(1/c(4))+c(5)^2-(c(5)+t).^2).^c(4) C(1) = -0.002, C(2) = 3.4654, C(3) = 28.6077, C(4) = 0.2522, C(5) = 26.4761 Can Matlab estimate and plot the Probability Density Function for the distribution? Matt Tearle 2011년 2월 28일 Sorry, this question got a bit lost when Answers had a glitch a few days back... I hate to state for sure that there's no function for this, but I don't know of one. (FWIW: I am not a hard-core statistician, but I have been looking pretty closely at Statistics Toolbox recently.) Maybe there's a way using the definition, but I can't think of what it would be, off the top of my head. Hunting for it, I found this CSSM thread about it. There's a link to an article that looks promising, but you need access to Springer journals. Sorry I couldn't be more help.

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https://www.knowpia.com/knowpedia/Optical_depth

math

In physics, optical depth or optical thickness is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmittedradiant power through a material. Thus, the larger the optical depth, the smaller the amount of transmitted radiant power through the material. Spectral optical depth or spectral optical thickness is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted spectral radiant power through a material. Optical depth is dimensionless, and in particular is not a length, though it is a monotonically increasing function of optical path length, and approaches zero as the path length approaches zero. The use of the term "optical density" for optical depth is discouraged. In chemistry, a closely related quantity called "absorbance" or "decadic absorbance" is used instead of optical depth: the common logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material, that is the optical depth divided by ln 10. Optical depth of a material, denoted , is given by: Spectral absorbance is related to spectral optical depth by: is the spectral absorbance in frequency; is the spectral absorbance in wavelength. Relationship with attenuationedit Optical depth measures the attenuation of the transmitted radiant power in a material. Attenuation can be caused by absorption, but also reflection, scattering, and other physical processes. Optical depth of a material is approximately equal to its attenuation when both the absorbance is much less than 1 and the emittance of that material (not to be confused with radiant exitance or emissivity) is much less than the optical depth: Φet is the radiant power transmitted by that material; Φeatt is the radiant power attenuated by that material; Φei is the radiant power received by that material; Φee is the radiant power emitted by that material; T = Φet/Φei is the transmittance of that material; ATT = Φeatt/Φei is the attenuation of that material; In atmospheric sciences, one often refers to the optical depth of the atmosphere as corresponding to the vertical path from Earth's surface to outer space; at other times the optical path is from the observer's altitude to outer space. The optical depth for a slant path is τ = mτ′, where τ′ refers to a vertical path, m is called the relative airmass, and for a plane-parallel atmosphere it is determined as m = sec θ where θ is the zenith angle corresponding to the given path. Therefore, So, with a fixed depth and total liquid water path, . In astronomy, the photosphere of a star is defined as the surface where its optical depth is 2/3. This means that each photon emitted at the photosphere suffers an average of less than one scattering before it reaches the observer. At the temperature at optical depth 2/3, the energy emitted by the star (the original derivation is for the Sun) matches the observed total energy emitted.[clarification needed] Note that the optical depth of a given medium will be different for different colors (wavelengths) of light. For planetary rings, the optical depth is the (negative logarithm of the) proportion of light blocked by the ring when it lies between the source and the observer. This is usually obtained by observation of stellar occultations.

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https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/calculating-transformer-input-voltage.671311/

math

1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data A 2400/240-V, 60-Hz transformer has the following parameters in the equivalent circuit of Figure 6.5: the high-side leakage impedance is (1.2+j2.0)Ω, the low-side leakage impedance is (0.012+j.02)Ω, and Xm at the high-side is 1800 . Neglect Rhe. Calculate the input voltage if the output voltage is 240 V (rms) and supplying a load of 1.5 at a power factor of 0.9 (lagging). 3. The attempt at a solution No idea how to begin.

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http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/consider-multistage-bipolar-circuit-figure-p1190-dc-base-currents-negligible-assume-transi-q1885905

math

Consider the multistage bipolar circuit in Figure P11.90, in which dc base currents are negligible. Assume the transistor parameters are β=120, VBE (on) = .7V, and VA = ∞. The output resistance of the constant current source is R0 = 200KΩ. (a) For v1 = v2=-.15V, design the circuit such that v02=v0=0, ICQ3=0.25mA, and ICQ4 = 2mA. (b) Assuming CE acts as a short circuit, determine the differential-mode voltage gains Ad1=v02/vd and Ad = v0/vd. (c) Determine the commonmode gains Acm1 = v02/vd and Acm = v0/vd, and the overall CMRRdB.

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CC-MAIN-2016-40

https://www.bartleby.com/subject/math/calculus/concepts/rate-of-change

math

What is the Ratio (rate)? The relation between two quantities which displays how much greater one quantity is than another is called ratio. Ratios (rates) are related to everyday life. For example, the speed of a bike is a rate. The amount of simple interest paid each month is a rate. There are 30 students in the classroom, of which 12 are boys and 18 are girls. The ratio of boys to girls is . That is 2:3. The ratio of girls to boys is . That is 3:2 The ratio of girls to all students is . That is 3:5. The ratio of boys to all students is . That is 2:5. What is the Rate of Change? The rate of change is the speed at which a variable changes from one place to another place over a specific period of time. The rate of change is usually expressed as a relation between the change in one quantity corresponding to a change in another. Graphically, the rate of change is determined by the slope of a line. The rate of change is often represented by the Greek letter delta. The understanding of the rate of change from one quantity to another is of major importance to the study of both integral and differential calculus. The rate of change is not only used in the mathematics branch, it is also used in physics, chemistry, economics, and finance branch. Formulas for Rate of Change Rate of change is a rate that defines how the change in one variable is related to the change in other variables. From the above figure, it is shown that how much the height of the tree increased with the increase in a year (time). Here year (time) is the independent variable and the tree’s height is the dependent variable. The increase in height is dependent on the change in time. If x is an independent variable and y is a dependent variable then the rate of change is If x and y are dependent variables and s is an independent variable, and the two variables x and y change with respect to s then the rate of change of y with respect to x will be, Graphically, the rate of change is represented as the slope of the curve. From the graph, the rate of change is . This is also called the slope of the line. From the graph, the increment in x value causes an increment in the y value. So the rate of change is positive. If the increment in x value causes a decrement in the y value, then the rate of change is negative. If the increment in the x value causes no change in the y value, then the rate of change is zero. Average Rate of Change The average rate of change of a function f on the interval [a, b] is defined as . The price of petrol increased by $3.50 from 2014 to 2021. Find the average rate of change? The price increment is $3.50. The rate of change = The price of petrol increased by about $0.5 per year. How is the value of y changing between the points (2, 4) and (4, 8)? Here, (x1, y1) = (2, 4) and (x2, y2) = (4, 8) The rate of change = There is 2 units change in y value per unit change of x value. Let x be the weight of the object and y be the length of the spring. If the weight of the object increased by Δx, let the amount of change produced in the length of the spring as Δy. So, the rate of change is . A particle has a position ‘x’ at the time ‘t’, i.e., the position of the particle is x(t). This is called displacement. The rate of change of the particle’s position ‘x’ with time ‘t’ is known as the velocity ‘v’ of the particle. That is, the rate of change of displacement is called velocity. The rate of change of velocity ‘v’ is called the acceleration ‘a’ of the particle. Instantaneous Rate of Change The instantaneous rate of change is the change in the rate at a specific instant, and it is equal to the derivative value at that specific point. For the function , the instantaneous rate of change at is calculated as: The instantaneous rate of change at is 20 units. The formula for instantaneous rate of change = Marginal cost and revenue are used to determine the volume of production and the price per unit of a product that will get the best out of profits. The marginal cost of production determines the variation in the entire price of a good that rises from manufacturing one supplementary unit of that good. The marginal cost (MC) is calculated by dividing the variation (Δ) in the entire price (C) by the variation in quantity (Q). By calculus, the marginal cost is computed by taking the first derivative of the entire price function with respect to the quantity. Price Rate of Change The rate of change is used to find the change in price in a particular period. This is known as the price rate of change. The price rate of change is the price of a product at time B minus the price of the same product at time A and dividing that result by the price at time A. Price rate of change For example, the rate of gold is $54 today and five days before the rate was $50, then the price rate of change is In five days rate is increased 8%. Application of Rate of Change - To find a new value of a quantity from the old value and total change. - To find the movement of the particle, velocity (speed), and acceleration of a particle moving along a straight line. - To calculate the upcoming population from the current population growth rate. - To compute marginal cost and revenue in a business situation. - The rate of change is used to find the exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, price-earnings ratio, rate of return, tax rate, unemployment rate, and wage rate. - If x is an independent variable and y is a dependent variable then the rate of change is . - If x and y are dependent variables and s is an independent variable, and the two variables x and y changes with respect to s then the rate of change of y with respect to x will be, . - If and are two points on the graph of a line, then the rate of change is . - The average rate of change of a function f on the interval [a, b] is defined as . - The formula for instantaneous rate of change = . Context and Applications This topic is significant in the professional exams for both undergraduate and graduate courses, especially for Want more help with your calculus homework? *Response times may vary by subject and question complexity. Median response time is 34 minutes for paid subscribers and may be longer for promotional offers. Rate of Change Homework Questions from Fellow Students Browse our recently answered Rate of Change homework questions.

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https://fahmyalhafidz.com/3s8lpo/

math

A. circle, rectangle with circular ends B. rectangle, rectangle C. rectangle with circular ends, rectangle D. circle, rectangle The question was posed to me in a national level competition. This question is from Projections of Solids with Axis Inclined to Vertical Plane and Parallel to Horizontal Plane topic in portion Projection of Solids of Engineering Drawing Best explanation: For given positions of solid the solid is made acute angle with V.P and previously given the axis is perpendicular to V.P so the top view gives the rectangle and next with some given angle shape will not change but just tilt to given angle.

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CC-MAIN-2022-27

http://www.mathisfunforum.com/post.php?tid=18241&qid=236366

math

Discussion about math, puzzles, games and fun. Useful symbols: ÷ × ½ √ ∞ ≠ ≤ ≥ ≈ ⇒ ± ∈ Δ θ ∴ ∑ ∫ • π ƒ -¹ ² ³ ° You are not logged in. Post a reply Topic review (newest first) No, there is a method to find the convergents. So I have find the convergent by trial and error There is a theorem that says that. This is not something I just cooked up, I wished I had. I have understood everything quite well,but I don't understand what is the logic for taking the convergents,is there any rule for which convergent will be the solution? Hi again,I have understood pell's equation,now I am curious about nagetive pell's equation,so is there any method to solve x^2-ny^2=-1 Running the recurrences in the forward direction we get the first bunch: What ways could you please explain.(sorry for disturbing you so much) You mean every 2nd convergent after the fundamental one? You use two recurrences to find more answers. Thank you,now I can find a pell's equation's fundamental solution,but what is the method of finding the additional ones?please explain. It would seem so. Vardi and others believe he at least formulated the problem correctly even if he was unable to solve for the 205 000 digit answer. That is interesting, especially how they were only able to get the solution (all the digits) in 1965. The equation in post #37 is the Pell equation for that problem.

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CC-MAIN-2014-15

https://brainmass.com/business/inventory/pg13

math

Throughout this semester, I have analyzed the financial statements for Avon Products, Inc. The one area where Avon needs improvement is reducing its inventory levels. Is there a resource where I can find an average industry percentage for inventory holding costs? A total of 80,000 units were sold during the first quarter. The current cost per unit was $2.10 on December 31, 2000 and $2.40 on March 31, 2001 Use the current cost basis, compute the first quarter of 2001 1. Ending Inventory 2. Cost of Goods Sold Calculations Items Units Price See attached file. Problem: Tori Amos Corporation began operations on December 1, 2006. The only inventory transactions in 2006 was the purchase of inventory on December 10, 2006 at a cost of $20 per unit. None of this inventory was sold in 2006. Relevant information is as follows. Ending inventory units December 31, Is the increase in sales related to the increase in inventory? Year Inventories Net Sales 1991 $378 1,812 1992 $411 1,886 1993 $452 1,954 1994 $491 2,035. See the attached file. Allocating costs in a Process Costing System. Moreno Corporation, a manufacturer of diabetic testing kits, started November production with $75,000 in beginning inventory. During the month, the company incurred $420,000 of materials cost and $240,000 of labor cost. It applied $165,000 of overhead co Passage for Questions 1-4: The direct labor rate for McGregor's Company is $9.00 per hour, and manufacturing overhead is applied to products using a predetermined overhead rate of $6.00 per direct labor hour. During May, the company purchased $60,000.00 in raw materials (all direct materials) and worked 3,200 direct labor hours. At the beginning of 2005, the C. Eaton Company had the following balances in its accounts: Cash $6,500 Inventory $9,000 Retained Earnings $15,500 During 2005, the company experienced the following events. 1. Purchased inventory with a list price of $3,000 on account from Ardmore Farm and Seed has an inventory dilemma. It has been selling a brand of very popular insect spray for the past year. It has never really analyzed the costs incurred from ordering and holding the inventory and currently faces a large stock of the insecticide in the warehouse. Ardmore estimates that it costs $25 to place an Please Help. I am studying and don't understand the following exercises... E9-4 (Lower-of-Cost-or-Market?Journal Entries) Corrs Company began operations in 2007 and determined its ending inventory at cost and at lower-of-cost-or-market at December 31, 2007, and December 31, 2008. This information is presented below. FIFO and LIFO?Periodic and Perpetual) The following is a record of Pervis Ellison Company's transactions for Boston Teapots for the month of May 2007. May 1 Balance 400 units @ $20 May 10 Sale 300 units @ $38 12 Purchase 600 units @ $25 20 Sale 540 units @ $38 28 Purchase 400 units @ $30 Instructions Assuming that Aug1 Aug 31 Raw Mat Inventory 6592 WIP Inventory 12,731 Finished Goods Inventory 21,726 31,313 Sales 31,313 Manu Ov 40,366 Dir Labor 71,180 Purchase Raw Mat 77,308 Adm Expenses 36,793 COGM 193,132 Raw Mat Used in Pro 73,957 Selling Expenses 12,455 Dave's Electronics had the following inventory transactions during January: Jan. 1: Beginning Inventory 1,500 units @ $9 each = $13,500 Jan. 15: Purchase 2,000 units @ $8 each = $16,000 Jan. 21: Sold 2,700 units @ $12 each Jan. 22: Purchase 3,000 units @ $7 each = $21,000 Jan. 30: Sold 2,000 u Grant Company began the year with $870,000 of raw materials inventory, $1,390,000 of work-in-progress inventory, and $620,000 of finished goods inventory. During the year, the company purchased $3,550,000 of raw material and used $3,720,000 of raw materials in production. Labor used in production for the year was $2,490,000. Ove The Dance Company sells ballet shoes. It began in 20X6 with a beginning inventory of 1,000 shoes at a cost of $10 each and made the following purchases during the year: February 7 Purchased 3,500 shoes @ $11.50 each May 19 Purchased 4,700 shoes @ $12.00 each September 3 Purchased 2,300 shoes @ $13.00 each The ending in Mark Knight, owner of Knight Company, is reviewing the quarterly financial statements and thinks the cost of goods sold is out of line with past years. The following historical data is available for 2009 and 2010: 2009: 2010: Net Sales $140,000 $200,000 Cost of goods sold 6 The accounting records of Brooks Photography, Inc., reflected the following balances as of January 1, 2012: Cash $19,000 Beginning Inventory 6,750 (75 units $90) Common Stock 7,500 Retained Earnings 18,250 The following five transactions occurred in 2012: 1. First purchase (cash) 100 units @ $92 2. Second purchase (ca IN CLASS PROBLEMS: Class, the following data applies to all four problems. Good Luck with them! . The Textile Corporation has an inventory conversion period of 45 days, a receivables collection period of 36 days, and payables deferral period of 35 days. . 1) What is the length of the firm's cash conversion cycle? . 2) If Please see the attached file. 1. Dane, Inc., owns 35% of Marin Corporation. During the calendar year 2007, Marin had net earnings of $300,000 and paid dividends of $30,000. Dane mistakenly recorded these transactions using the fair value method rather than the equity method of accounting. What effect would this have on the in 1. Which of the following is ordinarily considered "extended procedure" in external auditors' independent audits of financial statements? A. Send positive confirmations on recorded customer accounts receivable balances. B. Perform physical observation and test count during the client's inventory taking. C. Measure the tim This should not take more than half an hour to complete. 1. Canal Street Financing Corporation needs to borrow long term funds but would prefer not to show more than $ 100 million in face amount of debt outstanding. It also prefers to pay an annual coupon, in the European style, of not more than 6% per annum. Canal's banker Assuming a 360-day year, claculate what average investment in inventory would be for a firm, given the following information in each case. A.) The firm has sales of 600,000, a gross profit margin of 10 percent, and an inventory trunover ratio of 6. B.) The firm has a cost-of-goods-sold figure of $480,000 and an average age Pale Company was established on January 1, 20X1. Along with other assets, it immediately purchased land for $80,000, a building for $240,000, and equipment for $90,000. On January 1, 20X5, Pale transferred these assets, cash of $21,000, and inventory costing $37,000 to a newly created subsidiary, Bright Company, in exchange for 10,000 shares of Bright's $6 par value stock. Pale uses straight-line depreciation and useful lives of 40 years and 10 years for the building and equipment, respectively, with no estimated residual values. Pale Company was established on January 1, 20X1. Along with other assets, it immediately purchased land for $80,000, a building for $240,000, and equipment for $90,000. On January 1, 20X5, Pale transferred these assets, cash of $21,000, and inventory costing $37,000 to a newly created subsidiary, Bright Company, in exchange for The Lampley Company has 2,000 obsolete items in its inventory which are valued at $22 each. If the item are reworked they could be sold for $30 each otherwise they would be sold for only $5 each. If Lampley Company decides to re-work the items, how much should the company be willing to invest to ensure that they would at least b Higgins Athletic Wear has expected sales of 22,500 units a year, carrying costs of $1.50 per unit, and an ordering cost of $3 per order. a) What is the economic order quantity? b) What will be the average inventory? The total carrying cost? c) Assume an additional 30 units of inventory will be required as safety stock. Wha Discuss three systems for controlling inventory and the advantages and disadvantages of each. Identify the items that are included in merchandise inventory. (Address the special situations of goods in transit, consigned goods, and damaged goods.) Please see the attached Income statement. The firm uses FIFO inventory accounting. a) Assume in 2009 the same 10,000-unit volume is maintained, but that the sales price increases by 10 percent. Because of FIFO inventory policy, old inventory will still be charged off at $10 per unit. Also assume that seliing and administrativ Questions: Accrued revenue distortion, plant assets, adjusting entries, CPA president, inventory turnover, self-constructed assets 1. How does failure to record accrued revenue distort the financial reports? If an annual financial report is in error (distorted) what action should be taken? 2. What are the major characteristics of plant assets? Are plant assets necessarily confined to a manufacturing plant? 3. Why is it necessary to make adjusting Below is selected data for Gertup Corporation as of 12/31/05: Total assets $ 5,500 Current assets 2,750 Long-term debt 450 Current ratio 2.5 Inventory 1,500 For year ended 12/31/05 Sales $20,000 Cost of goods sold 16,000 Gertup has maintained the same inventory levels throughout 2005. If end of year inventory Below is selected data for Gertup Corporation as of 12/31/05: Total assets $ 5,500 Current assets 2,750 Long-term debt 450 Current ratio 2.5 Inventory 1,500 For year ended 12/31/05 Sales $18,500 Cost of goods sold

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CC-MAIN-2018-22

http://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~slc/wpapers/s59bern.html

math

Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire, B59e (2008), 10 pp. Solution to a Combinatorial Puzzle Arising from Mayer's Theory of Cluster Integrals Mayer's theory of cluster integrals allows one to write the partition function of a gas model as a generating function of weighted graphs. Recently, Labelle, Leroux and Ducharme have studied the graph weights arising from the one-dimensional hard-core gas model and noticed that the sum of the weights over all connected graphs with n vertices is (-n)n-1. This is, up to sign, the number of rooted Cayley trees on n vertices and the authors asked for a combinatorial explanation. The main goal of this article is to provide such an explanation. Received: April 1, 2008. Accepted: October 15, 2008. Final Version: October 16, 2008. The following versions are available:

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https://hellothinkster.com/curriculum-us/calculus-bc/vector-valued-functions/motion-problems/

math

Solving motion problems using parametric and vector-valued functions. Mapped to AP College Board # FUN-8, FUN-8.B, FUN-8.B.1, FUN-8.B.2 Solving an initial value problem allows us to determine an expression for the position of a particle moving in the plane. Determine values for positions and rates of change in problems involving planar motion. Derivatives can be used to determine velocity, speed, and acceleration for a particle moving along a curve in the plane defined using parametric or vector-valued functions. For a particle in planar motion over an interval of time, the definite integral of the velocity vector represents the particle’s displacement (net change in position) over the interval of time, from which we might determine its position. The definite integral of speed represents the particle’s total distance traveled over the interval of time.

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https://wizawitznfts.com/tag/famous-women-mathematicians/

math

Rózsa was born Rózsa Politzer in Budapest, Hungary on February 17, 1905, and died on February 16, 1977. She later changed her name to Péter. She is considered one of the founders of the recursive function theory of mathematics. Dame Mary Cartwright was a brilliant English Mathematician who was a pioneer of the field of mathematics now known as Chaos Theory. Florence was recognized as Mother of Modern Nursing and was the first female member of the Royal Statistical Society. Annie was a computer scientist, rocket scientist, and mathematician who contributed to the science of space exploration.

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https://www.inchcalculator.com/convert/radian-to-revolution/

math

Convert Radians to Revolutions Enter your radian value in the form below to get the value calculated in revolutions. How to Convert Radians to Revolutions Using an Easy Conversion Formula Converting a radian angle measurement to a revolution measurement involves multiplying your angle by the conversion ratio to find the result. A radian is equal to 0.159155 revolutions, so to convert simply multiply by 0.159155. Radians and revolutions are both units used to measure angle. Learn more about angle and find more angle measurement conversion calculators. A radian is an angle measurement and can be abbreviated as rad, for example 1rad. A revolution is an angle measurement and can be abbreviated as r, for example 1r. A radian is the measurement of the angle from the start to the end of an arc equal to the radius of the circle. 1 radian is equal to 180/π, or about 57.29578°. There are about 6.28318 radians in a circle. The radian is the standard SI unit of measurement for an angle. A revolution is equal to 1 rotation around a circle, or 360°. Revolutions are commonly used to measure the speed of rotation, for example when measuring the revolutions per minute(RPM) of a vehicle's engine. Radian Measurements and Equivalent Revolution Conversions

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CC-MAIN-2018-43

http://aks-flight.info/?s=Square+Triangular+Number++from+Wolfram+MathWorld

math

Square Triangular Number from Wolfram MathWorld This page contains all information about Square Triangular Number from Wolfram MathWorld. 2 digit addition and subtraction worksheets 2nd grade Addition worksheets free Double digit math worksheets Time question worksheets Fun with maths worksheets

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CC-MAIN-2018-51

http://www.orangemane.com/BB/showpost.php?p=3631007&postcount=7

math

I'd say that at this point, because he's the only one, it's hard to say that there is an advantage. Seeing that there are many double amputation who run with artificial limbs, and he's the only one who has made it this far, it's hard to see this as an advantage. Now, if there are like 10 of these guys at the next Olympics, then it would seem like this is an advantage. And what happens if a runner without an amputation uses this? So at this point we really don't know.

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CC-MAIN-2014-23

https://flii.by/file/2a49ey786wm/

math

White Rabbit. Zoo of Seoul Forest South Korea. Uploaded: Mar 28, 2016 Tags: Zoo, Nature, Rabbit, Land, Outdoor, Forest, Animals Chevrolet and horse Bench in nature - somewhere in the forest :) Wild little rabbit in the forest looking for food The river in the mountains is surrounded by a dense and beautiful forest Nature Photography 0011 Epping Forest Lakes Nature :) cats, animals friends 3 of Hearts Skywagon Cessna U206D Seaplane .•.¸¸•´¯`•.¸¸.ஐ Ⓛⓘⓚⓔ ஐ..•.¸¸•´¯`•.¸¸.

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https://www.coursehero.com/tutors-problems/Macroeconomics/11514088-Question-1-20-points-Chapters-4-5-Home-is-a-small-open-economy/

math

Question 1 (20 points) - Chapters 4 & 5 Home is a small open economy with perfect (financial) capital mobility. Initially, it is in its long-run equilibrium and domestic assets and foreign assets are prefect substitutes. Recently, the United States reformed its tax system and lowered taxes. Many believe that this kind of development might have negative impacts on the Home economy and people worry that the negative impacts include the following: · Change the world interest rate (Hint: you need to figure out what happens to the world interest rate when the U.S., a large open economy, lowers taxes). · Lower both consumer andbusiness confidence in the Home economy. a) Use the long-run classical model of an open economy to evaluate the people's concerns mentioned above on the Home country's output, consumption, investment, net exports, real exchange rate, and price level. Explain and support your answer by ONE loanable funds market diagram and ONE foreign exchange market diagram. (15 points). b) Based on your answer in part (a), is there anything the central bank (of the Home country) can to if it wants to offset the effect of the change in risk premium on the country's real interest rate? Explain. (5 points). Recently Asked Questions - Suppose the probability of getting the flu is 0.20, the probability of getting a flu shot is 0.60, and the probability of both getting the flu and a flu shot - How do I find the rate of return: The budget is $4.2B Project Net Investment Proposed Location Estimated IRR Type of Product Rate of Return 1 $500 M Europe - Please refer to the attachment to answer this question. This question was created from ST314 Analysis 2 - Sp18.docx. Additional comments: "I dont know how to

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CC-MAIN-2019-04

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/d3x-d3p-invariant.781720/

math

1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data Hello, I have probably quit easy task, but I dont know how show that d3x d3p is a Lorentz invariant. 2. Relevant equations 3. The attempt at a solution I mean I have to show that d3x d3p = d3x' d3p', where ' marks other system. I can prove ds2=ds'2, but I am not sure what with p? Assume boost in x-way: x'=g(x-vt) => dx'=g(dx-vdt) , where g=1/(1-(v/c)2)...is it right? what about p?

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CC-MAIN-2018-30

https://sports.answers.com/Q/What_would_4_minute_53_second_time_convert_to_in_a_1_mile_track_race

math

If you are wondering how that time equates to average I have bad news if you are 13 Y.O. or more. You have a lot of work to do, the average reasonably fit teenager can do that with no training. [or they could in the fifties when I was in school and Roger Bannister was our hero]. To convert liters per minute to milliliters per minute Multiply Liters by 1000 To convert now Milliliters per minute to Milliliters per second divide by 60 Thus if we have V liters per minute, that would translate to (1000 x V)/60 milliliters per second. So the conversion factor is 1000/60 or 100/6 or 50/3 To convert metres per second into metres per minute - multiply the value for the metres by 60. So that 18 metres per second would become 18 x 60 = 1,080 metres per minute. This question has no answer because you cannot convert meters to inches per minute.However,If the question were, "How can you convert 4.5 meters per second to inches per minute", then the process to arrive at this answer would be:4.5 * meters/second * inches/meter * seconds/minuteOne inch is the same as 2.54cm; so, we can use this fact to determine how many inches are in a meter.100cm/(2.54cm/inch) ~ 39.3701 inchesThere are 60 seconds in a minute.We now have all of the numbers we need ...The number we get is 4.5 * 39.3701 * 60 ~ 10629.93The unit we get ismeters/second * inches/meter * seconds/minute(simplify meters) -> 1/second * inches/1 * seconds/minute(simplify seconds) -> 1/1 * inches/1 * 1/minute(simplify numbers) -> inches/1 * 1/minute(simplify expression) -> inches/minuteThe full answer would then be ~10629.93 inches/minute To calculate the distance a cockroach, crawling at a speed of 1.5 centimeters per second, would cover in an hour, we need to convert the time from seconds to minutes and then to hours. There are 60 seconds in a minute, so the cockroach covers: 1.5 centimeters/second * 60 seconds/minute = 90 centimeters/minute. There are 60 minutes in an hour, so the cockroach covers: 90 centimeters/minute * 60 minutes/hour = 5400 centimeters/hour. Therefore, the cockroach would cover 5400 centimeters or 54 meters in an hour. Quite simple. Take the km/s number and change it into m/s. So 5km/s would equal 5000m/s. Then multiply that number by 60 (because there are 60 seconds in a minute) and you get your answer in meters per minute. 5km/s = 5000m/s x60 = 300000 meters per minute 1 per minute. You would convert rainfall into inches and then into gallons per minute by using a series of calculations. You first ned to determine how much rain is falling in inches by collecting it in a container. Unles you sprint or run really fast, it would take most people more then a minute to complete a lap around a track. add a second minute hand. If you could add a second minute hand to an analog clock, you would be able to increase the precision by allowing the time to be determined to the second. Violent shaking for a few second or a minute or a hour second, minute, hour, day, month, year!

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CC-MAIN-2023-50

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/integrals-involving-e.254180/

math

1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data So, I have to integrate the following expression: (e^7x)/(e^(14x) + 9)dx 2. Relevant equations We are doing the section on 'integrating by u-substitution' right now, so that might help in finding a solution... 3. The attempt at a solution So, I tried a bunch of stuff - I tried u=7x, u=e^7x, u=14x, u=e^14x, u=x, etc. etc. and I can't get the right answer!!! I have been working on this problem for over an hour and am on the verge of tears!

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CC-MAIN-2018-47

http://www.tiger-economics.com/?cat=9

math

The following graph illustrates graphically the effect of a hypothetical change in supply of tiger products due to the introduction of farmed stocks. The left panel shows a simplistic supply / demand interaction, which we can use to illustrate the “no farming” option. We use a standard downward-sloping demand curve and upward-sloping supply curve, which intersect at a point where the average market price is P and the quantity traded is A. The right panel shows the effect of an additional source of supply from farmed animals. The supply curve shifts out (from S0 to S1) and, as a result, the total quantity sold increases from (A to B), but the price falls and the quantity supplied from wild-poached animals falls (from A to C). The remaining quantity (C-B) is supplied from farmed stock. Note that this positive effect (gains for consumers, farmers, and tiger lovers) could potentially be offset if the demand curve shifts outwards (in the direction of the thick arrow). In this case, depending on the extent of the shift, the price would again creep up, and poaching pressure would intensify. For a sufficiently large shift, the new price could be even higher than the old one, and farming would be bad for conservation. However, this is an exceptional outcome.

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CC-MAIN-2013-20

https://nrich.maths.org/public/leg.php?code=-420&cl=3&cldcmpid=4960

math

The diagonals of a trapezium divide it into four parts. Can you create a trapezium where three of those parts are equal in area? Can you maximise the area available to a grazing goat? If you move the tiles around, can you make squares with different coloured edges? What is the same and what is different about these circle questions? What connections can you make? A decorator can buy pink paint from two manufacturers. What is the least number he would need of each type in order to produce different shades of pink. Have a go at creating these images based on circles. What do you notice about the areas of the different sections? Is it always possible to combine two paints made up in the ratios 1:x and 1:y and turn them into paint made up in the ratio a:b ? Can you find an efficent way of doing this? Can you find rectangles where the value of the area is the same as the value of the perimeter? The area of a square inscribed in a circle with a unit radius is, satisfyingly, 2. What is the area of a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle with a unit radius? A game for 2 or more people, based on the traditional card game Rummy. Players aim to make two `tricks', where each trick has to consist of a picture of a shape, a name that describes that shape, and. . . . Can you arrange these numbers into 7 subsets, each of three numbers, so that when the numbers in each are added together, they make seven consecutive numbers? On the graph there are 28 marked points. These points all mark the vertices (corners) of eight hidden squares. Can you find the eight hidden squares? A square of area 40 square cms is inscribed in a semicircle. Find the area of the square that could be inscribed in a circle of the same radius. How many winning lines can you make in a three-dimensional version of noughts and crosses? Square numbers can be represented as the sum of consecutive odd numbers. What is the sum of 1 + 3 + ..... + 149 + 151 + 153? Five children went into the sweet shop after school. There were choco bars, chews, mini eggs and lollypops, all costing under 50p. Suggest a way in which Nathan could spend all his money. In 15 years' time my age will be the square of my age 15 years ago. Can you work out my age, and when I had other special birthdays? A 2 by 3 rectangle contains 8 squares and a 3 by 4 rectangle contains 20 squares. What size rectangle(s) contain(s) exactly 100 squares? Can you find them all? Explore when it is possible to construct a circle which just touches all four sides of a quadrilateral. Which has the greatest area, a circle or a square inscribed in an isosceles, right angle triangle? Can you find an efficient method to work out how many handshakes there would be if hundreds of people met? Many numbers can be expressed as the difference of two perfect squares. What do you notice about the numbers you CANNOT make? Explore the effect of reflecting in two parallel mirror lines. How many different symmetrical shapes can you make by shading triangles or squares? Each of the following shapes is made from arcs of a circle of radius r. What is the perimeter of a shape with 3, 4, 5 and n "nodes". Imagine a large cube made from small red cubes being dropped into a pot of yellow paint. How many of the small cubes will have yellow paint on their faces? What size square corners should be cut from a square piece of paper to make a box with the largest possible volume? Four bags contain a large number of 1s, 3s, 5s and 7s. Pick any ten numbers from the bags above so that their total is 37. Can you describe this route to infinity? Where will the arrows take you next? Some people offer advice on how to win at games of chance, or how to influence probability in your favour. Can you decide whether advice is good or not? If you have only 40 metres of fencing available, what is the maximum area of land you can fence off? Manufacturers need to minimise the amount of material used to make their product. What is the best cross-section for a gutter? Investigate how you can work out what day of the week your birthday will be on next year, and the year after... Start with two numbers and generate a sequence where the next number is the mean of the last two numbers... An aluminium can contains 330 ml of cola. If the can's diameter is 6 cm what is the can's height? Liam's house has a staircase with 12 steps. He can go down the steps one at a time or two at time. In how many different ways can Liam go down the 12 steps? Different combinations of the weights available allow you to make different totals. Which totals can you make? There are lots of different methods to find out what the shapes are worth - how many can you find? What is the greatest volume you can get for a rectangular (cuboid) parcel if the maximum combined length and girth are 2 metres? How many pairs of numbers can you find that add up to a multiple of 11? Do you notice anything interesting about your results? This shape comprises four semi-circles. What is the relationship between the area of the shaded region and the area of the circle on AB as diameter? What angle is needed for a ball to do a circuit of the billiard table and then pass through its original position? A circle of radius r touches two sides of a right angled triangle, sides x and y, and has its centre on the hypotenuse. Can you prove the formula linking x, y and r? A hexagon, with sides alternately a and b units in length, is inscribed in a circle. How big is the radius of the circle? Water freezes at 0°Celsius (32°Fahrenheit) and boils at 100°C (212°Fahrenheit). Is there a temperature at which Celsius and Fahrenheit readings are the same? Explore the effect of combining enlargements. Chris is enjoying a swim but needs to get back for lunch. If she can swim at 3 m/s and run at 7m/sec, how far along the bank should she land in order to get back as quickly as possible? Here is a chance to create some attractive images by rotating shapes through multiples of 90 degrees, or 30 degrees, or 72 degrees or... A napkin is folded so that a corner coincides with the midpoint of an opposite edge . Investigate the three triangles formed . Imagine you have a large supply of 3kg and 8kg weights. How many of each weight would you need for the average (mean) of the weights to be 6kg? What other averages could you have?

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https://essaynest.com/a-company-is-projecting-a-cost-of-goods-of-52-of-the-selling-price-of-its-products-it-has/

math

A company is projecting a cost of goods of 52% of the selling price of its products. It has $280,000 in fixed overhead for administrative expenses, rent and salaries. In addition, it spends 22% of every sales dollar on marketing. Question #1: What is the company’s break-even point? In order to start the business the owner has found an investor who will put up $500,000. The owner wants to pay back the investor out of profits, using 30% of the pre-tax profits to pay the investor, and he has guaranteed the investor he will get back $750,000 Question #2: How long will it take to pay the investor $750,000, if sales in year one are $2 million, and sales increase 13% each year. (Assume fixed expenses will increase each year at the rate of infllation or about 4%). Show your calculations in a spreadsheet Another investor has proposed putting up the $500,000 but this investor wants the money to be be paid back over ten years at $50,000 per year in principle plus interest on the outstanding loan balance. Payments would be made once per year, at the end of the year. Question #3: How much interest will the investor who earn on his loan to the company? Show your calculations. in a spreadsheet Question #4: Which of the two alternatives is riskier for the company? What are those risks? Question #5: Which of the two alternatives is riskier for the investor? What are those risks? For the above answers there is no need to take into account or to use Net Present Value concepts. BONUS POINTS: Would your answer be different if you did take into account Net Present Value in determining which alternative is better? Show calculations.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711042.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20221205164659-20221205194659-00141.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2022-49

https://www.scribd.com/document/79297587/June-99-Paper-4

math

This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue? 2 hours 30 minutes 9 JUNE 1999 Additional materials: Answer paper Electronic calculator Geometrical instruments Graph paper (2 sheets) Mathematical tables (optional) 2 hours 30 minutes INSTRUCTIONSTO CANDIDATES Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces provided on the answer paper/ answer booklet. Answer all questions. Write your answers and working on the separate answer paper provided. All working must be clearly shown. It should bedone on the same sheet as the rest of the answer. Marks will be given for working which shows that you know how to solve the problem even if you get the answer wrong. If you use more than one sheet of paper, fasten the sheets together. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total of the marks for this paper is 130. Electronic calculators should be used. If the degree of accuracy is not specified in the question, and if the answer is not exact, give the answer to three significant figures. Give answers in degrees to one decimal place. use For T , either your calculator value or 3.142. This question paper consists of 8 printed pages. MFK (0716) QF91683 0 UCLES 1999 [31 2 topicEquationsandInequalities topicMensuration For a certain type of tree. use either your calculator value or 3. (a) How many members voted? (b) There were 14 760 members who did not vote. Calculate the year in which the diameter of its trunk will be one metre. 5 ~ where C is the circumference in centimetres and y is the age of the tree in years. [The cross-section of the tree trunk is a circle. For IT. PI [31 (b) Find the radius of the trunk of a 20 year old tree. (d) A three year old tree was planted in 1971. The ratio ‘Yes’ votes : ‘No’ votes is 7 : 5. (c) The cross-sectional area of a tree trunk is 1200 cm2% Find (i) the radius of the tree. They receive 48 790 ‘Yes’ votes. What percentage of members did not vote? PI (c) To build the new stadium.142. Will the new stadium be built? Show working to explain your answer.1 (a) Estimate the age of a tree with a circumference of 100 cm. to the nearest year. 50% of the total number of members have to vote ‘Yes’.2 I topicRatioproportionrate topicPercentages A football club asks all its members to vote ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ for a new stadium. C = 2 . (ii) the age of the tree. [41 . BC = 7 cm. Calculate the length of A C correct to 5 significant figures.62 cm and the cosine rule to calculate the length of BA. CH is perpendicular to A E . Show that it rounds to 14.3 topicMensuration topicTrigonometry C NOT TO SCALE A C E is an isosceles triangle. C NOT TO SCALE Calculate the unshaded area. (ii) Find the area of triangle ABC. [41 [31 (c) Triangles ABC and CDE are folded over onto triangle ACE. Angle CAH = 70" and A H = 5 cm. angle BCA = angle ECD = 20' and angle CAE = 70". (i) Use A C = 14. as shown on the diagram below. PI [Turn over .62 cm. Pentagon ABCDE is formed from the isosceles triangle A C E together with congruent triangles ABC and EDC. concerts have to be postponed until the next day... - no wind (b) When it is wet and windy. PI ...... wet < wind . no wind wind dry . (ii) takes place on Tuesday. the probability that the temperature is more than 30 "C is 0. O n a wet day. Find (i) the probability that the temperature is more than 30 "C on Monday..9. On a dry day. PI [31 [31 (c) Sailing boats can only sail on a windy day.. . (a) Copy and complete the tree diagram below.the probability that they cannot sail on Monday.2. (d) On a dry day with no wind.4.... You may assume that the weather each day is independent of the weather the day before.... Find the probability that Monday's concert (i) has to be postponed. Tuesday and Wednesday the temperature is more than 30 "C. On a wet or windy day this will not happen..25. Find .. the probability of wind is 0.4 4 topicProbability In summer the probability of a wet day is 0. the probability of wind is 0... PI (ii) the probability that on Monday.. l? PI (b) Which two shapes are a reflection of each other in the line x + y = O? (c) PI [31 [31 Which shape is a rotation of the shape D by 90" clockwise? Write down the coordinates of the centre of rotation. (a) Which two shapes are a reflection of each other in the line x = . (ii) Describe fully this single transformation.5 5 topicTransformations On the grid above there are seven identical shapes. (d) Which two shapes are a translation of each other by a vector with magnitude exactly 6? Give the column vector of this translation. ~31 ~31 (i) Find the coordinates of the 4 vertices of the shape H. Use these letters to answer the questions below. (e) The transformation with matrix ( ) maps the shape D onto another shape H. [Turn over . labelled A to G. 2 --+ --f M C = p and M D = q. Draw the graph of y = f(x) for . (i) (ii) E&? Z. E1 1 PI PI PI (c) The equation x 3 . 7 topicVectors topicGeometricaltermsandrelationships NOT TO SCALE In the circle.5x . 5 C M = M B and A M = .3 S x 3. (c) Use your answers to (b)(iii) and (b)(iv) to explain why B A is not parallel to DC. (i) Write down the equation of this straight line. (ii) f-l(x) = 1.1 = 0 can be solved by drawing one straight line on your graph. (i) Show that triangles A M B and C M D are similar. If CM = M B = x cm.6 6 Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of graph paper. calculate the value of x . (ii) Draw the line and write down the three solutions of x 3 . [61 (b) Use your graph to solve (i) f(x) = .M D . the chords A D and B C meet at M . Use a scale of 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the x-axis and 2 cm to represent 10 units on the y-axis. (ii) A M = 10 cm and M D = 4 cm. Cl1 . (a) topicGraphsoffunctions f(x) = x3. Write the following vectors in terms of p and/or q.1 = 0.7.5x .20. 7 8 topicStatistics Pedro and Anna measure the circumference (C) of 100 trees.y and z . She makes a table to show the heights of the bars she will draw. 058114iSYY [Turn over . using a scale of 1cm to represent 10 cm on the horizontal axis and 1 cm2to represent 1 tree. (ii) Find the values of x. Do NOT draw a histogram. [41 (iv) Write down the modal class. the quartiles and the interquartile range. Circumference (C) in cm Height of bar in cm (i) 20 < C s 40 X 40 < C S 70 70 < C S 100 100 < C S 120 10 Y z Explain why the height of the bar for the 40 < C G 70 class interval is 10 cm. 0580/4. C s 20 Circumference (C) in cm Frequency 20 < C s 40 26 40 < C d 70 70 < C G 100 100 < C s 120 0 30 33 11 100 80 Cumulative frequency 60 40 20 A 40 60 80 100 120 Circumference in cm Estimate the number of trees whose circumferences are between 60 cm and 80 cm. Their results are shown in the table and the cumulative frequency diagram below. [41 (iii) Calculate an estimate of the mean circumference. PI (b) Anna wants to construct a histogram. Use the cumulative frequency graph to find the median. (i) Write down an equation in x and show that it simplifies to x 2 + 5 ~ 300 = 0. Carlos charges $200 for selling prices up to $30 000. For selling prices more than $30 000. he charges $200 and of the value over $30 000. [41 PI 10 Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of graph paper. : (a) Use a scale of 2 cm to represent a selling price of $10 000 on the horizontal axis and 2 cm to represent a charge of $100 on the vertical axis.$30 000) = $500. Alberto charges $600 whatever the selling price. Draw on the same grid the three graphs to show the charges made by Alberto. The block is placed in the tank and the water level rises by 1 cm. Write down an expression for the volume of the block in terms of x.8 9 topicAlgebraicrepresentation topicEquationsandInequalities topicMensuration NOT TO SCALE A rectangular tank with length 50 cm and width 30 cm contains 36 litres of water. (iii) Write down the width and length of the block. [71 (b) (i) For which selling price is Alberto’s charge the same as Bernard’s? (ii) For what range of selling prices does Carlos charge the least? (iii) For which selling price.300 = 0. Carlos charges li% $200 + 1 % of ($50 000 . less than $50 000. Label your graphs clearly. 05x114iSY9 . Bernard and Carlos sell houses. Show by calculation that the water is 24 cm deep. - [41 (ii) Solve the equation x 2 + 5x . For example. does Bernard charge $50 less than Carlos? PI PI 0580/4. when the selling price is $50 000. topicLinearprogramming topicPercentages topicGraphsinpracticalsituations Alberto. A heavy rectangular block is 5 cm high and x cm wide. Bernard charges 1%of the selling price. Bernard and Carlos for selling prices up to $80 000. Its length is 5 cm more than its width.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501170696.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104610-00392-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2017-09

https://apkcombo.com/calculets-math-games-for-kids-mental-calculation/com.juegoscc.numbersbubbles/

math

calculets: Math games for kids mental calculation game Math games & Math exercises: Add, subtract, multiply and divide. Practice math operations: Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. How to play calculets? START: Upon starting, after choosing one of the three available levels, you will find: - 6 numbers inside bubbles, in the central square - one more number (the "target number"), at the bottom right of the screen WIN: To win you have to reach the "target number", combining the numbers inside the bubbles with the available mathematical operations: HOW THE BUBBLES COMBINE: Drag two bubbles, one after the other, to the box with the + symbol, and they will automatically merge into a new bubble with the number corresponding to their sum. And the same for subtracting, multiplying or dividing: drag the bubbles to the boxes marked -, × & ÷ sssshhh ... a tip: To undo an operation: double-tap a pink bubble to re-divide it into the two original bubbles. Play Calculates now! Math games for mental calculation Enjoy this math exercises games It's a fun math game to practice math facts

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488559139.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20210624202437-20210624232437-00274.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2021-25

https://boardgamegeek.com/thread/104099/2-color-limit-cubes

math

Back in the days when there were less maps we played every map back to back Ooh a little higher, now a bit to the left, a little more, a little more, just a bit more. Oooh yes, that's the spot! The rules clearly state that there should never be more than 2 cubes of a given color on a tile during set up, but they don't repeat this restriction in describing cube replacement during play. I think the limit clearly applies here as well: there are only 5 gray cards. Also: I assume that replaced cubes are placed back into the draw bag (and not discarded). Actually only the more recent rules actually mention the two cube limit, the original ones do not. Realistically it is only relevant to the grey cubes (and possibly if you pulled four blue cubes for the four tile). We just play them how they come out. If we did pull three grey cubes we would replace one, but it hasn't happened yet in all the games I have played. If three or more yellow or red cubes come out then we just leave them be. Yes they would be put back into the draw bag.

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CC-MAIN-2018-17

https://www.coursehero.com/file/6630003/Economics-Dynamics-Problems-178/

math

162Economic Dynamics4.6 Solutions with repeating rootsIn chapter 2 we usedceλtandcteλtfor a repeated root. Ifλ=rwhich is a repeated root, then either there are twoindependent eigenvectorsv1andv2which will lead to the general solutionx=c1ertv1+c2ertv2or else there is onlyoneassociated eigenvector, sayv. In this latter case we usethe resultx=c1ertv1+c2(erttv+ertv2)(4.23)In this latter case the second solution satisFeserttv+ertv2and is combined withthe solutionertv1to obtain the general solution (see Boyce and DiPrima 1997,pp. 390–6). We shall consider two examples, the Frst with a repeating root, butwith two linearly independent eigenvectors, and a second with a repeating root but This is the end of the preview. access the rest of the document.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948529738.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20171213162804-20171213182804-00600.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2017-51

https://web.stagram.com/kaspernybo

math

Going out with nothing less than a double flame 🔥🔥burning '16 to the ground! See you on the other side! Children should PLAY, be CUDDLED and have a warm and safe HOME! Walking through Christmas decorated #copenhagen I passed by some of the internordic "Leg For Livet" campaign I helped @rodekorsdk and Top-Toy/Fætter BR create earlier this year. As you carry on your holiday shopping - please remember those children who need a helping hand right now. #peace#charity#play#kindness#children#tweet#nybophotography

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501171043.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104611-00651-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2017-09

https://unfinishedsuccess.com/wednesday-affirmations/

math

THIS POST MAY CONTAIN AFFILIATE LINKS. PLEASE SEE MY DISCLOSURES FOR MORE INFORMATION A lot of people find themselves struggling during the middle of the week. They feel like they’ve been dragging since Monday and it’s only Wednesday. As a result, staying in a positive mindset can be tough. No matter how you feel, here are some Wednesday affirmations that can help make the middle of your week a bit better. By saying these positive statements to yourself, you can start your day off on the right foot and be motivated to achieve your goals. 183 Motivating Wednesday Affirmations Wednesday Affirmations For Work #1. I am happy that I shall get all the important work done this Wednesday. #2. I am content and satisfied. #3. There are numerous possibilities which are opening themselves in front of me this Wednesday. #4. Everything I need is within me. #5. I always see the good thing in others. #6. Every moment is a new beginning. #7. The more time and effort I put into taking care of myself, the stronger and happier I am going to be. #8. The hard work that I put in today will reflect tomorrow. #9. I am happy in the now. #10. This day is going to be the most important day of my career. #11. My good health comes from love and appreciation. #12. I am happy that I am going to meet some amazing people today. #13. I am a humble human being. #14. I am extremely happy that I am getting closer to my dream life each day. #15. Success is all around me. #16. I am inspiring people through my work. #17. Success and abundance are my birthright. #18. I am worthy of success and wealth. #19. I am excited about the success I shall achieve in my work this Wednesday. #20. I am ready to take over my career on this beautiful Wednesday. #21. I am not defined by my past. I am driven by my future. #22. While the competition is busy getting over the hump, I am busy closing business. #23. While people are struggling, I shall get closer to my dreams on Wednesday. #24. The success of my week depends on the work I do this Wednesday. #25. My life is satisfying and I am happy. I feel satisfaction for what I’ve achieved in life. - Read now: Learn these affirmations for gratitude #26. I am confident. #27. Everything will be okay. #28. The miracle that I have been waiting for all this time is going to come my way on Wednesday. #29. I am a living, breathing example of motivation. #30. I am super thrilled to achieve my goals. #31. My life is fulfilling for me and I feel really happy with my life. #32. The career that I have chosen is meant to find my calling. #33. I feel refreshed and happy to wake up and get my work doing. #34. I am thriving and I shall make my dreams come true. #35. I am happy to face all the challenges that shall come my way. #36. Every hurdle that I shall overcome today is meant for my growth. #37. I am super-charging my mind, my heart, and my body for a successful and happy Wednesday. #38. Some miracle will touch my life this Wednesday. #39. I am supercharged to get myself at work this Wednesday. #40. I am happy with myself, my life and I am proud of what I have accomplished. #41. I am filled with focus. #42. My dreams are within my reach, if not already fulfilled. #43. All the right and correct circumstances are making their way towards me. #44. I am going to get closer to my dreams today. #45. I am a success magnet. #46. My life is filled with blessings. #47. I am not pushed by my problems. I am led by my dreams. #48. I am sure that more is about to come my way this Wednesday. #49. I am working hard to become one of the best versions of myself. #50. I am intelligent and focused. #51. Each and every day, I am getting closer to achieving my goals. #52. I am so thankful for this wonderful day. #53. I am super excited about the new day. #54. My failures will not discourage me. #55. I am confident that I shall make the most out of my day. #56. I am all hyped up for the week. #57. I am the master of my goodwill. #58. This is a new day, with new opportunities to make my life better. #59. I am a complete person and my happiness does not depend on people. #60. My thoughts are powerful. Each one of them shapes who I am today. #61. My life is full of beauty and joy. Wednesday Morning Affirmations #62. I wake up motivated. #63. I am beautiful, powerful and strong. #64. I am investing in my health because I know I am worth it. #65. Today is a new day with so many possibilities. #66. I am here for a reason and I am going to strive towards it faster. #67. Today is a good day to start over. #68. I am having a positive and inspiring impact on the people I come into contact with. #69. I am beginning to learn about my capabilities with each passing day. #70. I am grateful for everything I have in my life. #71. I am attracting abundant health and wealth. #72. I am going to stay persistent throughout the day. #73. Today, I will show up for myself. #74. I am attracting the correct resources that shall help me achieve my calling. #75. I am listening and open to the messages the universe has to offer today. #76. I am going to prepare hard for this Wednesday so that I can reap the benefits on Thursday. #77. I am attracting wealth and prosperity. #78. Today is a phenomenal day. #79. Today I will not stress over things I can’t control. #80. This Wednesday I shall discover my full potential. #81. This Wednesday the Universe has sent me in the right direction to achieve the right thing. #82. I am so lucky that I get to meet my friends over lunch this Wednesday. #83. I am in awe with the abundance that is coming my way. #84. I am comfortable in my own skin. #85. Wednesday is my day. While others are getting over the hump, I’m climbing to my dreams. #86. This Wednesday will help me find the love of my life. #87. I am so cheerful to have such a great Wednesday morning. #88. Today, my only job is to show up for myself. #89. I am independent and self-sufficient. #90. I am charming and confident. - Read now: Learn these Saturday affirmations #91. I am proof enough of who I am and what I deserve. #92. Wednesday makes me the most cheerful person. #93. I am in connection with the Universe today. #94. Wednesdays are my favorite day. #95. Today I will be full of ideas. #96. I am so mesmerized by the beauty of nature. #97. I am held and supported by those who love me. #98. I am going to appreciate people for their perseverance today. #99. Wednesday is the day I overcome all my adversities. #100. I am free from worry and anxiety. - Read now: Use these affirmations for letting go #101. Today, I will choose happiness. #102. I am growing and I am going at my own pace. #103. Today will be a good day. #104. I am getting healthier every day. #105. I am good and getting better. #106. Wednesday is go time. I’m ready to finish this week strong. #107. I am attracting great opportunities. #108. I am just halfway through the goals I had planned for this week. Wednesday is great. #109. Wednesday rocks. Today I am halfway to this week’s goals. #110. I am following a very abundant lifestyle. #111. Today is the center of my week and my opportunity to refocus and recenter myself. #112. I am an unstoppable force of nature. #113. I am in charge of how I feel and I choose to feel happy. #114. Wednesday is just my day, mark it. #115. I am going to enroll in a volunteer service today. #116. I am going to remain productive throughout this Wednesday. #117. Today will be a productive day. #118. What a wonderful Wednesday morning. #119. Wednesday is going to be the day I come across the opportunity I have been waiting for so long. #120. I am in control of my life and feelings. #121. Wednesday is the day full of wonders. #122. I am cherished and lovable. Powerful Mid Week Affirmations #123. I am trying to avoid the mid-week lull and am supercharged even on this Wednesday. #124. I inhale confidence. #125. I shall make people fall in love with themselves this Wednesday. - Read now: Use these affirmations for love #126. I know that I am enough and I shall always be. #127. I chose to show gratitude to everyone that I meet today. #128. I have a beautiful life and it’s only going to get better from here. #129. I decide to recenter my life today and stay focused the entire week. #130. I stay motivated and focused. #131. My body is strong and capable. #132. I shall break my own records this Wednesday. #133. I shall earn a lot of money today. #134. I have all the things that I need to be happy today. #135. I have a clear mind and heart, ready to be used for good things. #136. I am more than my circumstances dictate. #137. I now free myself from negativity and destructive thoughts. #138. I feel joy and abundance in my life and a tremendous sense of happiness. #139. I shall learn new lessons from all my mistakes today. #140. I shall motivate people to rediscover themselves today. #141. I deserve to be loved wholeheartedly. #142. I will manifest new business opportunities today. #143. I am loved and worthy. #144. I am open to healing. #145. I have people that love me. #146. I can do hard things. #147. I am turning down the volume of negativity in my life, while simultaneously turning up the volume of positivity. #148. All that matters in this moment is what’s happening right now. #149. Life is full of abundance. #150. I am mentally and emotionally strong. I feel happiness everyday. #151. I have the power to change my life. #152. I am optimistic because today is a new day. #153. I am peaceful and whole. #154. I permit myself to be cheerful and happy this Wednesday. #155. All the worries of my past are gone. - Read now: Here are the best affirmations for fear #156. I shall cherish this beautiful day with my near and dear ones. #157. I shall help people find their happiness today. #158. I deserved to be appreciated today. #159. I am living with abundance. #160. I shall help people smile more today. #161. It’s OK to have boundaries and limits with others. #162. I am manifesting success and freedom. #163. I have a lot to be grateful for. #164. I use obstacles to motivate me to learn and grow. #165. I am moving towards financial freedom. #166. I am worthy of love. #167. I feel more grateful each day. #168. I shall overcome all the pain and miseries today. #169. I can be whatever I want to be. #170. I can make healthy decisions for myself. #171. I’m rising above the thoughts that are trying to make me angry or afraid. #172. I am only three days away from the weekend. #173. I receive love from others because I love myself the most. #174. I deserved to be loved each day. #175. When others are dead and dull in the middle of the week, I am all energetic and happy. #176. I shall be appreciated for my hard work on Wednesday. #177. Life loves me exactly as much as I love myself. #178. I chose to be at peace with others today. - Read now: Here are great Tuesday affirmations #179. I desire more happiness which is coming my way. #180. I have enough that I need to lead a great life. #181. I will always be surrounded by love and light. #182. I shall inspire people to change their lives today. #183. I will take care of myself today. Wednesday affirmations are a great way to start your day and stay positive throughout the week. By taking a few minutes each Wednesday morning to recite some positive affirmations, you can set the tone for a productive and happy day. This will make hump day more productive and allow you to focus on the upcoming weekend. - Read now: Here are some great Thursday affirmations - Read now: Use these affirmations for wealth - Read now: Learn the best affirmations for anger Jon Dulin is the passionate leader of Unfinished Success, a personal development website that inspires people to take control of their own lives and reach their full potential. His commitment to helping others achieve greatness shines through in everything he does. He’s an unstoppable force with lots of wisdom, creativity, and enthusiasm – all focused on helping others build a better future. Jon enjoys writing articles about productivity, goal setting, self-development, and mindset. He also uses quotes and affirmations to help motivate and inspire himself. You can learn more about him on his About page.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100525.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204052342-20231204082342-00435.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2023-50

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/web+defaults

math

Unix & Linux Unix & Linux Meta to customize your list. more stack exchange communities Start here for a quick overview of the site Detailed answers to any questions you might have Discuss the workings and policies of this site Unix & Linux How to change the default web page in Linux Mint 12 I need help with Linux Mint 12. I am trying to change the default web page, so that people using guest-session will open a specific web page instead of Linux Mint's corny default site. Also, please ... Dec 29 '11 at 21:20 newest web defaults questions feed Hot Network Questions Odd proof method How can you offer other parents suggestions without making them defensive? What if a transaction is made to a wallet that doesn't exist? Calculate a tip "people don’t know what they want until you show it to them" Is there a way to get hot water without altering plumbing or electrical wiring too much? What is "the d20 bust," and what does "post-d20 game" mean? Why are commerical flights not equipped with parachutes? Intrinsic reasons for being observant Would such polynomial identity exist? (related to sum of four squares) What to claim when we don't reject the null? How do I stop designing and start architecting this project as suggested by my lead? Prove that a polynomial has at least one nonreal complex root A coworker beat me to resignation. How can I resign in a professional manner? Page Numbering: Prime Numbers Infinitely many finitely generated groups having the same Cayley graph What are advantages of Two's Complement? '100' is a magic number Less dimwitted shell required So do I vs me either Caro-Kann, Smyslov variation : Can Black punish early 5.c4 in this position? Encrypting files on Google Drive Why do I stop eating corpses? Should I keep eating them anyway? How did Boba Fett know to hide in the Star Destroyer "Avenger"'s garbage? more hot questions Life / Arts Culture / Recreation TeX - LaTeX Unix & Linux Ask Different (Apple) Geographic Information Systems Science Fiction & Fantasy Seasoned Advice (cooking) Personal Finance & Money English Language & Usage Mi Yodeya (Judaism) Cross Validated (stats) Theoretical Computer Science Meta Stack Overflow Stack Overflow Careers site design / logo © 2014 stack exchange inc; user contributions licensed under cc by-sa 3.0 Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. This site is not affiliated with Linus Torvalds or The Open Group in any way.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1394024785431/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305130625-00092-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2014-10

https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/lecture-12-4572460/packs/6759311

math

Flashcards in Lecture 12 Deck (17): Nominal--categories the sample distinctly falls into Interval--a variable that can be measured to any level of precision A Variable whose measure is based on the manipulation of the predictor (IV) variable A variable that is manipulated in order to make changes on the outcome (DV) variable Looking at two samples, in a group or in two points in time. Standard Error of difference between means When would you conduct a one-sample t-test? *Used to compare the sample mean of a variable (DV) with a "test value" Example: Determine if depression is more/less apparent in teenage boys who play sports, using a standardized test called the KUDI. You test 30 subjects, and compare their outcome sample mean to the standardized score set for teenage boys. When would you conduct a paired-samples t-test? *Used to compare means of a single sample in a longitudinal design with only two time points (e.g., pre and post test). *Can be used to compare the means of two variables (e.g. depression and quality of life). When would you conduct an independent-samples t-test? *Used to compare the means of two independent samples (a subject cannot be in both groups) on a given variable Requirements of IV and DV in an independent-sample t-test *One categorical/nominal IV, with two levels or groups *One continuous/interval/ratio DV What is the null hypothesis for all the types of sampled t-tests? The mean difference between the two comparison groups = 0 What is the null hyp for Levene's test of the equality (of error) variances? It evaluates the variance between the groups to ensure the assumption of homogeneity of variances. Ho = Xa = Xb What if the outcome of the null hyp for Levene's test is not significant? If it is not significant, then we assume that we have equal variances. **If p > .05, accept the null What if the outcome of the null hyp for Levene's test IS significant? If it is significant, we MAY NOT assume that we have equal variances. If given a 95% confidence interval around two group means for an independent-samples t test, be able to test the null hypothesis that the mean difference between two group means is zero (or that the two group means are equal). 1. Examine Levene's test for equality of variances **SPSS finds it for you, along with the F-value. ** Find the p- value (also 1 - F) **Compare p-value with .05...is is significant or not? 2. Depending on if it is significant or not, use the corresponding data in the SPSS output chart. 3. Looking at the CI values, determine if 0 would fall in that range. **If 0 is present, you fail to reject the null, because the difference between the two means is not significantly different from 0 Comparing the observed t to the critical t observed t > critical = significant/reject null

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CC-MAIN-2019-04

https://qubeshub.org/community/groups/simiode/publications?id=3320&v=2

math

As an example consider Activity 1 (and there are two other Activities). At time t = 0 a tank contains Q(0) = 4$ lb of salt dissolved in 100 gal of water. Water containing 0.25 lb of salt per gallon is entering the tank at a rate of 3 gal/min, and the well-stirred solution leaves the tank at the same rate. [a)] Build a differential equation for the amount of salt, $Q(t)$, in lb in the tank at time t in min. Hint: Keep track of the amount of salt that enters and exits the tank per minute. [b)] Find an expression for the amount of salt, Q(t), in lb in the tank at time t in min and plot Q(t) vs. t over time interval [0, 200] min. [c)] Determine when the amount of salt doubles from the original amount in the tank. [d)] Determine when the amount of salt in the tank is 20 lb. [e)] Determine when the amount of salt in the tank is 30 lb. [f)] Determine the maximum amount of salt in the tank and when it occurs. [g)] Describe the long term behavior of the amount of salt in the tank using accompanying plots to support your description.

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CC-MAIN-2023-40

https://my.book.live/view/991625/29/

math

CHAPTER 2 Pareto's Principle “Eighty percent of results will come from just twenty percent of the action.” This is the Pareto principle, attributed to Italian economist and philosopher Vilfredo Pareto, who in 1906 observed an intriguing correlation. The story is that he began work on the “80/20 rule” with the observation that 20% of the pea plants in his garden generated 80% of the healthy pea pods. This observation caused him to explore uneven distribution. He discovered that 80% of the land in Italy was owned by just 20% of the population. He investigated different industries and found that 80% of production typically came from just 20% of the companies. The generalization became the concept that 80% of results will come from 20% of the action. While it does not always come to be an exact 80/20 ratio, this imbalance is often seen in various business cases: • 20% of sales reps generate 80% of total sales • 20% of customers account for 80% of total profits • 20% of the most reported software bugs cause 80% of software crashes • 20% of patients account for 80% of healthcare spending Powered by FlippingBook

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CC-MAIN-2023-14

https://access.openupresources.org/curricula/our6-8math/en/grade-6/unit-4/lesson-14/index.html

math

Lesson 14Fractional Lengths in Triangles and Prisms Let’s explore area and volume when fractions are involved. - I can explain how to find the volume of a rectangular prism using cubes that have a unit fraction as their edge length. - I can use division and multiplication to solve problems involving areas of triangles with fractional bases and heights. - I know how to find the volume of a rectangular prism even when the edge lengths are not whole numbers. 14.1 Area of Triangle Find the area of Triangle A in square centimeters. Show your reasoning. 14.2 Bases and Heights of Triangles - The area of Triangle B is 8 square units. Find the length of . Show your reasoning. - The area of Triangle C is square units. What is the length of ? Show your reasoning. 14.3 Volumes of Cubes and Prisms Use the cubes or the applet for the following questions. Your teacher will give you a set of cubes with an edge length of inch. Use them to help you answer the following questions. Here is a drawing of a cube with an edge length of 1 inch. How many cubes with an edge length of inch are needed to fill this cube? - What is the volume, in cubic inches, of a cube with an edge length of inch? Explain or show your reasoning. Four cubes are piled in a single stack to make a prism. Each cube has an edge length of inch. Sketch the prism, and find its volume in cubic inches. Use cubes with an edge length of inch to build prisms with the lengths, widths, and heights shown in the table. For each prism, record in the table how many -inch cubes can be packed into the prism and the volume of the prism. number of -inch cubes in prism prism (cu in) 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 5 4 2 5 4 - Analyze the values in the table. What do you notice about the relationship between the edge lengths of each prism and its volume? - What is the volume of a rectangular prism that is inches by inches by 4 inches? Show your reasoning. Are you ready for more? A unit fraction has a 1 in the numerator. These are unit fractions: . These are not unit fractions: . - Find three unit fractions whose sum is . An example is: How many examples like this can you find? - Find a box whose surface area in square units equals its volume in cubic units. How many like this can you find? Lesson 14 Summary If a rectangular prism has edge lengths of 2 units, 3 units, and 5 units, we can think of it as 2 layers of unit cubes, with each layer having unit cubes in it. So the volume, in cubic units, is: To find the volume of a rectangular prism with fractional edge lengths, we can think of it as being built of cubes that have a unit fraction for their edge length. For instance, if we build a prism that is -inch tall, -inch wide, and 4 inches long using cubes with a -inch edge length, we would have: - A height of 1 cube, because - A width of 3 cubes, because - A length of 8 cubes, because The volume of the prism would be , or 24 cubic units. How do we find its volume in cubic inches? We know that each cube with a -inch edge length has a volume of cubic inch, because . Since the prism is built using 24 of these cubes, its volume, in cubic inches, would then be , or 3 cubic inches. The volume of the prism, in cubic inches, can also be found by multiplying the fractional edge lengths in inches: Lesson 14 Practice Problems Clare is using little wooden cubes with edge length inch to build a larger cube that has edge length 4 inches. How many little cubes does she need? Explain your reasoning. The triangle has an area of cm2 and a base of cm. What is the length of ? Explain your reasoning. Which of the following expressions can be used to find how many cubes with edge length of unit fit in a prism that is 5 units by 5 units by 8 units? Explain or show your reasoning. Mai says that we can also find the answer by multiplying the edge lengths of the prism and then multiplying the result by 27. Do you agree with her statement? Explain your reasoning. A builder is building a fence with -inch-wide wooden boards, arranged side-by-side with no gaps. How many boards are needed to build a fence that is 150 inches long? Show your reasoning. Find the value of each expression. Show your reasoning and check your answer. A bucket contains gallons of water and is full. How many gallons of water would be in a full bucket? Write a multiplication and a division equation to represent the situation, and then find the answer. Show your reasoning. There are 80 kids in a gym. 75% are wearing socks. How many are not wearing socks? If you get stuck, consider using a tape diagram showing sections that each represent 25% of the kids in the gym. - Lin wants to save $75 for a trip to the city. If she has saved $37.50 so far, what percentage of her goal has she saved? What percentage remains? - Noah wants to save $60 so that he can purchase a concert ticket. If he has saved $45 so far, what percentage of his goal has he saved? What percentage remains?

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CC-MAIN-2024-10

https://manoresearch.wordpress.com/2016/03/05/effect-of-pests-on-sugar-cane-yield-using-anova-with-r/

math

Today, I used R to evaluate the variation in sugar cane weight caused by different pests. The goal was to understand the fundamentals of ANOVA (Analysis of Variation ) and how to interpret the results. The boxplot was the best option to graphically represent the data. The difference in mean between the control and the remaining samples strongly suggests that the pests had a significant effect on the yeild. An ANOVA on these results found a significant variation among conditions, F ratio > 1, P-value < 0.05. |Analysis of Variation Results| At a confidence coefficient of 0.95, or 95%, a post hoc Tukey test showed that the sugar yield did not change significantly depending on the type of pests. The Tukey test supported observations from the boxplot, showing that only the control group was significantly different from the remaining groups. In simpler terms, I cannot be 95% sure there is a difference in yeild between various types of pests. |Tukey Test Results| The coding is as follows: The link for the dataset is attached: http://bit.ly/1LELKm1 P. C. Mahalanobis and S. S. Bose, “A Statistical Note on the Effect of Pests on the Yield of Sugarcane and the Quality of Cane-Juice,” The Indian Journal of Statistics, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 399–406, 1934.

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CC-MAIN-2021-39

https://adcod.com/the-most-crucial-things-that-you-need-to-know-about-logarithmation/

math

If you are new to logarithms and want to know exactly what they are, why were they introduced in the first place and what is their main use, then you are in the right place. In this article, I will thoroughly discuss about logarithms and their beneficial uses cases in mathematics as well as in other areas. What is a logarithm in simple terms? When you hear words like Logarithms and Data structures, your subconscious mind simply makes you believe that they are very hard to understand and only meant to be understood by geniuses. But the reality is way different and positive. While as complicated as it may sound, algorithms, in simple terms are used majorly in mathematics to simplify complex mathematical calculations. Logarithms can also be said to be some pre-defined set of rules to make calculations easier. With the help of Logarithms, you can convert one class or an object to another very easily and quickly. You can, for example, covert products into sums and quotients into subtractions without losing your mind all thanks to logarithms. By now, you might be a little familiar with the word Logarithms. But what about Logarithmation? Just like the basic and commonly used operators such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, we refer to Logarithmation as an operator for the logarithms. If you find it difficult and confuse one with another, simply keep in mind that Logarithm is a company and the Logarithmation is the brand name of that company. As subtraction and division are there in opposite directions to the addition and multiplication, exponentiation is inversely equivalent to Logarithmation. If we look upon this in terms of values, then in order to get a value of the number A (exponent), another fixed number B (base) should be raised. What is logarithm used for? Not just in theory, logarithms have a variety of useful use-cases in real life too. Some of them include measuring the sound, using the Richter scale to measure the intensity and magnitudes of Earthquakes, measuring how bright the stars are, to measure the acid and alkaline level of a substance using Ph. These are just some of the examples where logarithm is useful. There are countless other projects where logarithms play a vital role in order to achieve accurate data. In theory, the logarithm is mainly used to calculate the number of times a base is multiplied by itself to transform it into another number. If we talk about the careers where the logarithms are most used, here are some of them: - Civil Engineer. - Agricultural Scientist. By this, we can see that the use of logarithms applies from a large organization to an independent intellectual. Unlike other curves or square roots, logarithms are tending to be more accurate and easier to work with. This is the main reason why most mathematicians find it easy and pleasing to experiment with logarithms. Are logarithms used in business? You may have seen, until now many cases where logarithms are used in varied sectors. But do they also work in a business? The simple answer is yes. Besides Economics and Finance, logarithms are used in almost all sectors including business. Some business calculations are easy to perform through logarithms than through the arithmetic method which makes it flexible and open among different areas. The use of logarithms in business, however, depends on the type of business. Let’s say for example that you have an online business related to finance and you need to create a calculator that auto-populates the data once the user input some value. In this case, as there is an involvement of a complex mathematical calculation, logarithms can be a part of this online business tool. Similarly, you can’t use logarithms to Tally your business’s balance sheet and profit and loss statement. As simple as that. Along with this, another great use of logarithmic functions can be seen in finance specifically while calculating the compound interest. Although the history of logarithm dates back to the old 1620, the application for the same is increasing exponentially over time. John Napier invented the logarithmic functions and the world follows his tactics and rules to date. And if you are interested in logarithms, you may be concerned to know that although the use of logarithms was invented and popularised by John, the initial difficulties in using the logs were made easier by Kepler with the vibrant clarification of how the logarithms worked. Because initially, it was too hard for people (including bright minds) to understand even the basic concepts of logarithms due to its sophisticated documentation. How do logarithms make our life easier? Believe it or not, logarithms do make our life easier and help us sleep peacefully while they do all the frightening work for us. After the earthquake, they tell you exactly how much magnitude it was. How is this helpful? Let’s say, a specific region is a victim of frequent intense earthquakes. In this case, if you know as per the previous magnitude data, the people living in this region would be much cautious and build their houses accordingly (earthquake-proof). This was just one example, you can find many such cases where logarithms are not seen but make a huge difference in our lives. Data science is another field where data scientists rely on logs heavily. This was just a crux about logarithms and how they are useful in the real world. If you want to become a data scientist or a mathematician who is interested in logarithms, then you may want to dig deep into the more advanced topics such as Log odds, logistic regression, Product rule, Quotient rule, Power rule, and much more to get a solid perspective about how logarithms and things around it works. I am no mathematician, data scientist, or agricultural manager by profession but I can assure you that you will have to add logarithms into your daily life if you want to create a positive impact in the field of mathematics.

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CC-MAIN-2022-40

https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.cma/1418919759

math

Communications in Mathematical Analysis - Commun. Math. Anal. - Volume 17, Number 2 (2014), 108-130. An Algorithm for the Truncated Matrix Hausdorff Moment Problem In this paper we obtain an algorithm for the truncated matrix Hausdorff moment problem with an odd number of given moments. The coefficients of the corresponding linear fractional matrix transformation can be calculated using the prescribed moments. No conditions besides solvability are assumed for the moment problem. The question of the determinateness of the moment problem is answered by (a part of) the algorithm as well. Several examples are provided. Commun. Math. Anal., Volume 17, Number 2 (2014), 108-130. First available in Project Euclid: 18 December 2014 Permanent link to this document Mathematical Reviews number (MathSciNet) Zentralblatt MATH identifier Choque Rivero, Abdon E.; Zagorodnyuk, Sergey M. An Algorithm for the Truncated Matrix Hausdorff Moment Problem. Commun. Math. Anal. 17 (2014), no. 2, 108--130. https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.cma/1418919759

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CC-MAIN-2019-43

https://www.hardmoneyhome.com/hard-money-loans/el-dorado-ar

math

Judy closes on a $370,000 rehab project in El Dorado, AR, using a private money loan from Downtown Investment Corporation. The terms of the deal include a 75% loan-to-value (LTV), so she must bring 25% of the price as cash at closing, making the principle loan amount $277,500. The terms of the loan dictate a 12% note for 18 months. They also require a 1 point origination fee, which will also be paid upon closing. By the terms of the deal, Judy will need to pay a $2,775 origination fee in addition to 25% of the sales price, or $92,500, since there is a 75% LTV. The lender will collect $2,775 in monthly interest from the borrower. This is computed by taking the full loan value of $277,500, multiplying by the 12% rate of interest, and then dividing that amount by 12. At the expiration of the loan, she sells the rehabed property for $481,000. After subtracting the $49,950 in interest payments ($2,775 multiplied times 18 months), the $2,775 origination fee, the $277,500 principle amount on the loan, and the $92,500 she brought to the closing, she will earn a total profit of $58,275 ($481,000 sales price minus $422,725 in costs). This profit would then be reduced by any renovation costs paid out of pocket.

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CC-MAIN-2023-14

https://www.ahlfinance.com/reasons-to-go-for-fixed-deposit-calculator/

math

Fixed deposits or FDs are a popular investment avenue in India used by millions to earn regular interest income. FDs offer guaranteed returns and capital safety for risk-averse investors. They are available with a wide range of tenures from 7 days to 10 years. When opening an FD, it is very useful to use a fixed deposit calculator. This online tool helps you estimate FD returns tailored to your investment preferences. Read on to know key reasons why you should use an FD calculator. 1. Calculates Projected Returns The primary benefit of using an FD calculator is that it forecasts the maturity amount you will get on your deposit. You just have to enter details like deposit amount, tenure, payout frequency and expected interest rate. The calculator does complex interest calculations to show maturity value and projected returns. For instance, on Rs 5 lakh FD for 5 years at 7% interest, the calculator estimates a maturity corpus of Rs 6.7 lakhs. Knowing returns in advance allows informed investment decision-making. 2. Compares Interest Rates and Tenures FD calculators allow you to simulate returns at different interest rates and tenures. For example, you can input the rates. to compare returns. Likewise, you can assess returns for tenures from 1 year to 5 years. This helps choose the best FD in terms of optimal interest rate and tenure. The calculator shows how even small variations in rates can impact returns over long tenures. You get to make a well-informed FD investment picking highest return option. 3. Estimates Regular Interest Payouts Unlike cumulative FDs where interest is compounded, regular or monthly income FDs offer periodic interest payouts. The FD calculator estimates the interest amount you will receive on monthly or quarterly basis. This assists financial planning as you can factor in this inflow to cover expenses. For retirees, knowing regular payouts helps in planning expenses and withdrawals. 4. Accounts for Taxes on Returns FD interest is subject to tax deduction at source or TDS above a threshold. The calculator factors in TDS and shows post-tax returns on your deposit. This allows you to estimate the net effective yield after accounting for taxes. Comparing post-tax returns gives a realistic picture rather than just gross pre-tax yields. You can then choose the FD provider that delivers the highest post-tax income. 5. Models Renewal Impacts FDs provide the option of renewal on maturity at prevailing rates. The calculator shows the maturity amount on renewal with the applicable new interest rate. This helps you assess returns if you were to extend the FD after the first tenure. Modelling renewal impact is useful for long-term deposit planning. The reinvestment returns projected gives a holistic view beyond just the first tenure. Fixed deposit calculators offered by portals like 5paisa provide numerous benefits that help choose the ideal FD. By factoring key parameters and applying complex formulas, the recurring deposit calculator provides a mathematical method for maximizing FD returns. Usage of FD calculators equips you to achieve optimal interest income, tenure, liquidity and post-tax yields on your capital. You can make your FD work harder for you through intelligent usage of this tool.

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CC-MAIN-2024-10

http://kleine.mat.uniroma3.it/mp_arc-bin/mpa?yn=05-252

math

- 05-252 Sylvain Gol\'enia, Sergiu Moroianu - The spectrum of magnetic Schr\"odinger operators and $k$-form Laplacians on conformally cusp manifolds Jul 21, 05 (auto. generated ps), of related papers Abstract. We consider open manifolds which are interiors of a compact manifold with boundary, and Riemannian metrics asymptotic to a conformally cylindrical metric near the boundary. We show that the essential spectrum of the Laplace operator on functions vanishes under the presence of a magnetic field which does not define an integral relative cohomology class. It follows that the essential spectrum is not stable by perturbation even by a compactly supported magnetic field. We also treat magnetic operators perturbed with electric fields. In the same context we describe the essential spectrum of the $k$-form Laplacian. This is shown to vanish precisely when the $k$ and $k-1$ de Rham cohomology groups of the boundary vanish. In all the cases when we have pure-point spectrum we give Weyl-type asymptotics for the eigenvalue-counting function. In the other cases we describe the essential spectrum.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.lovereading.co.uk/category/PBP/topology.html

math

No catches, no fine print just unadulterated book loving, with your favourite books saved to your own digital bookshelf. New members get entered into our monthly draw to win £100 to spend in your local bookshop Plus lots lots more…Find out more See below for a selection of the latest books from Topology category. Presented with a red border are the Topology books that have been lovingly read and reviewed by the experts at Lovereading. With expert reading recommendations made by people with a passion for books and some unique features Lovereading will help you find great Topology books and those from many more genres to read that will keep you inspired and entertained. And it's all free! Robert J. Zimmer is best known in mathematics for the highly influential conjectures and program that bear his name. Group Actions in Ergodic Theory, Geometry, and Topology: Selected Papers brings together some of the most significant writings by Zimmer, which lay out his program and contextualize his work over the course of his career. Zimmer's body of work is remarkable in that it involves methods from a variety of mathematical disciplines, such as Lie theory, differential geometry, ergodic theory and dynamical systems, arithmetic groups, and topology, and at the same time offers a unifying perspective. After arriving at the University of Chicago in 1977, Zimmer extended his earlier research on ergodic group actions to prove his cocycle superrigidity theorem which proved to be a pivotal point in articulating and developing his program. Zimmer's ideas opened the door to many others, and they continue to be actively employed in many domains related to group actions in ergodic theory, geometry, and topology. In addition to the selected papers themselves, this volume opens with a foreword by David Fisher, Alexander Lubotzky, and Gregory Margulis, as well as a substantial introductory essay by Zimmer recounting the course of his career in mathematics. The volume closes with an afterword by Fisher on the most recent developments around the Zimmer program. Topology, the mathematical study of the properties that are preserved through the deformations, twistings, and stretchings of objects, is an important area of modern mathematics. As broad and fundamental as algebra and geometry, its study has important implications for science more generally, especially physics. Most people will have encountered topology, even if they're not aware of it, through Moebius strips, and knot problems such as the trefoil knot. In this Very Short Introduction Richard Earl gives a sense of the more visual elements of topology (looking at surfaces) as well as covering the formal definition of continuity. Considering some of the eye-opening examples that led mathematicians to recognize a need for studying topology, he pays homage to the historical people, problems, and surprises that have propelled the growth of this field. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. This book covers the fundamental results of the dimension theory of metrizable spaces, especially in the separable case. Its distinctive feature is the emphasis on the negative results for more general spaces, presenting a readable account of numerous counterexamples to well-known conjectures that have not been discussed in existing books. Moreover, it includes three new general methods for constructing spaces: Mrowka's psi-spaces, van Douwen's technique of assigning limit points to carefully selected sequences, and Fedorchuk's method of resolutions. Accessible to readers familiar with the standard facts of general topology, the book is written in a reader-friendly style suitable for self-study. It contains enough material for one or more graduate courses in dimension theory and/or general topology. More than half of the contents do not appear in existing books, making it also a good reference for libraries and researchers. The book starts with the basic concepts of topology and topological spaces followed by metric spaces, continuous functions, compactness, separation axioms, connectedness and product topology. Originally published as Volume 27 of the Princeton Mathematical series. Originally published in 1965. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. In this monograph the narrow topology on random probability measures on Polish spaces is investigated in a thorough and comprehensive way. As a special feature, no additional assumptions on the probability space in the background, such as completeness or a countable generated algebra, are made. One of the main results is a direct proof of the random analog of the Prohorov theorem, which is obtained without invoking an embedding of the Polish space into a compact space. Further, the narrow topology is examined and other natural topologies on random measures are compared. In addition, it is shown that the topology of convergence in law-which relates to the statistical equilibrium -and the narrow topology are incompatible. A brief section on random sets on Polish spaces provides the fundamentals of this theory. In a final section, the results are applied to random dynamical systems to obtain existence results for invariant measures on compact random sets, as well as uniformity results in the individual ergodic theorem. This clear and incisive volume is useful for graduate students and researchers in mathematical analysis and its applications. This proceedings volume presents a diverse collection of high-quality, state-of-the-art research and survey articles written by top experts in low-dimensional topology and its applications. The focal topics include the wide range of historical and contemporary invariants of knots and links and related topics such as three- and four-dimensional manifolds, braids, virtual knot theory, quantum invariants, braids, skein modules and knot algebras, link homology, quandles and their homology; hyperbolic knots and geometric structures of three-dimensional manifolds; the mechanism of topological surgery in physical processes, knots in Nature in the sense of physical knots with applications to polymers, DNA enzyme mechanisms, and protein structure and function. The contents is based on contributions presented at the International Conference on Knots, Low-Dimensional Topology and Applications - Knots in Hellas 2016, which was held at the International Olympic Academy in Greece in July 2016. The goal of the international conference was to promote the exchange of methods and ideas across disciplines and generations, from graduate students to senior researchers, and to explore fundamental research problems in the broad fields of knot theory and low-dimensional topology. This book will benefit all researchers who wish to take their research in new directions, to learn about new tools and methods, and to discover relevant and recent literature for future study. One of the most remarkable interactions between geometry and physics since 1980 has been an application of quantum field theory to topology and differential geometry. An essential difficulty in quantum field theory comes from infinite-dimensional freedom of a system. Techniques dealing with such infinite-dimensional objects developed in the framework of quantum field theory have been influential in geometry as well.This book focuses on the relationship between two-dimensional quantum field theory and three-dimensional topology which has been studied intensively since the discovery of the Jones polynomial in the middle of the 1980s and Witten's invariant for 3-manifolds which was derived from Chern-Simons gauge theory. This book gives an accessible treatment for a rigorous construction of topological invariants originally defined as partition functions of fields on manifolds. The book is organized as follows: the introduction starts from classical mechanics and explains basic background materials in quantum field theory and geometry. Chapter 1 presents conformal field theory based on the geometry of loop groups. Chapter 2 deals with the holonomy of conformal field theory. Chapter 3 treats Chern-Simons perturbation theory. The final chapter discusses topological invariants for 3-manifolds derived from Chern-Simons perturbation theory. Sigurdur Helgason's Differential Geometry and Symmetric Spaces was quickly recognized as a remarkable and important book. For many years, it was the standard text both for Riemannian geometry and for the analysis and geometry of symmetric spaces. Several generations of mathematicians relied on it for its clarity and careful attention to detail. Although much has happened in the field since the publication of this book, as demonstrated by Helgason's own three-volume expansion of the original work, this single volume is still an excellent overview of the subjects.For instance, even though there are now many competing texts, the chapters on differential geometry and Lie groups continue to be among the best treatments of the subjects available. There is also a well-developed treatment of Cartan's classification and structure theory of symmetric spaces. The last chapter, on functions on symmetric spaces, remains an excellent introduction to the study of spherical functions, the theory of invariant differential operators, and other topics in harmonic analysis. This text is rightly called a classic. Sigurdur Helgason was awarded the Steele Prize for Groups and Geometric Analysis and the companion volume, Differential Geometry, Lie Groups and Symmetric Spaces . Topology is a large subject with several branches, broadly categorized as algebraic topology, point-set topology, and geometric topology. Point-set topology is the main language for a broad range of mathematical disciplines, while algebraic topology offers as a powerful tool for studying problems in geometry and numerous other areas of mathematics. This book presents the basic concepts of topology, including virtually all of the traditional topics in point-set topology, as well as elementary topics in algebraic topology such as fundamental groups and covering spaces. It also discusses topological groups and transformation groups. When combined with a working knowledge of analysis and algebra, this book offers a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students of mathematics specializing in algebraic topology and harmonic analysis.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514572289.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20190915195146-20190915221146-00394.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2019-39

https://conferences.famnit.upr.si/event/4/contributions/5/

math

I would like to mention a few topics regarding symmetries of finite graphs that I find interesting, intriguing and worth studying. The first topic is about lifting automorphisms along covering projections. Suppose one is given a finite connected graph $\Gamma$ and a group of automorphisms $G$ acting on it. Can one find a regular covering projection $\wp$ onto $\Gamma$ such that $G$ is the maximal group that lifts along $\wp$ and such that the full automorphism group of the graph is the lift of $G$? A recent partial result answer proved recently my Pablo Spiga and myself will be presented. The second topic is about vertex-transitive graphs admitting an automorphism fixing many vertices; here a strict definition of the term ``many'' is intentionally avoided so that by varying it one can prove different results. Some computational data regarding cubic vertex-transitive graphs will be presented. If time permits, a third topic regarding vertex-transitive graphs admitting an automorphism with a long orbit will be discussed; here the term ``long'' means a suitable fixed proportion of the order of the graph. Some results obtained recently by Micael Toledo about the cubic case will be mentioned.

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178378043.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307170119-20210307200119-00344.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2021-10

http://www.CMStatistics.org/RegistrationsV2/EcoSta2018/viewSubmission.php?in=689&token=97s4p5qno627n2p15p0s3n6r9qn751rs

math

Title: GLS estimation and confidence sets for the date of a single break in models with trends Authors: Eric Beutner - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Netherlands) Yicong Lin - Maastricht University (Netherlands) [presenting] Stephan Smeekes - Maastricht University (Netherlands) Abstract: The aim is to derive the asymptotics of a generalized least squares (GLS) estimator of the structural break date in the time series models with a single break in level and/or trend and stationary errors. The asymptotic distribution theory can be readily applied for testing and inference. It is found that the GLS, ordinary least squares (OLS) and GLS quasi-differencing (GLS-QD) break date estimators are asymptotically equivalent. The common asymptotic distribution of these three estimators captures the asymmetry and bimodality often observed in finite samples, and delivers good approximations in general settings. As the GLS estimator relies on the unknown inverse autocovariance matrix, we construct feasible GLS (FGLS) estimators using a consistent estimator of the inverse matrices. Monte Carlo studies show finite sample gains of the FGLS estimators when there is a strong serial correlation. Furthermore, we propose three novel constructions of confidence sets by using the FGLS break date estimators. The confidence sets are based on either a pivotal quantity or the inversion of multiple likelihood-ratio tests. The asymptotic critical value does not depend on nuisance parameters. We find that our proposed methods have fairly accurate coverages and short lengths in various simulations. When there are persistent errors and small break sizes, one of our suggested confidence sets yields good coverage and relatively short length consistently.

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CC-MAIN-2021-49

https://wordmint.com/public_puzzles/89230

math

Used to show relationships between groups. The distance between values on the y-axis. Enables us to find trends or patterns over time. Uses pictures to represent quantities. Vertical axis of a system of coordinates Is best used with % percents or fractions. A portion of a circle graph. Horizontal axis of a system of coordinates. Your substitute teacher's name Your regular math teacher's name A number that is not an integer and includes a decimal or a percent How far away a number is from 0 When you________ a pair on the grid The vertical axis The horizontal axis There are 4 of these they usually have different signs in front of the number thay are_____________ Not a fraction number Two numbers that have a order of x or y This is the first number in a ordered pair The second number in a ordered pair This number can be found to the right of 0 on a number line This number can be found to the left of 0 on a number line The Number 888's ___________________ is -888 A number that is not a decimal or a fraction, can be graphed on a number line An example of this is (9,8) This can be turned into a decimal or percent This is like a fraction but equals over one This fraction is a mixed one and is proper but equals over 1 This number can be turned into a fraction and goes by tenths A plane that includes the x axis and the y axis which intersect at the origin This quadrant has all positive numbers This quadrant has a negative x and a positive y This quadrant has all negative numbers This quadrant has a positive x and a negative y The set of the first numbers of the ordered pairs Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally The ratio of the change in the y-coordinate (rise) to the change in the x-coordinate (run) A mathematical sentence that contains an equal sign A relation between input and output Symbol used to represent unknown numbers or values The form of a linear equation Ax + By = C, with a graph that is a straight line The set of second numbers of the ordered pairs To find the value of an expression The vertical number line on a coordinate plane A comparison of two numbers by division To draw or lot the oints named by certain numbers or ordered pairs on a number line or coordinate plane The numbers that correspond to a point on a coordinate system A point where the graph intersects an axis The horizontal number line on a coordinate plane The point (0,0) The answer when multiplying A polynomial with two terms Distance around the outside To shift a graph vertically or horizontally The answer to a multiplicaiton problem The number being divided What to multiply a value by to get 1 A number that represents part of a whole, has a numerator and a denominator A number consisting of an integer and a proper fraction. The number above the line in a common fraction showing how many of the parts indicated by the denominator are taken, for example, 2 in 2/3. The number below the line in a common fraction; a divisor. A fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator, such as 5/4 The boundary of a closed figure or shape The horizontal line on a coordinate grid The vertical line on a coordinate grid The point on a coordinate grid where the x axis and y axis intersect, also referred to by (0,0) Measures the distance from 0, can not be negative They are located on a coordinate grid, they are often numbered using Roman numerals: I II III IV. The point at which the graph crosses or touches the vertical axis The point at which the graph crosses or touches the horizontal axis An equation whose graph creates a straight line The rate of change in the output relative to the input The difference between the y-values divided by the difference of the x-values The letter used to denote slope Another name for a coordinate pair (x,y) that makes an equation TRUE What form uses the generic equation Ax+By=C? What form uses the generic equation y=mx+b? What form uses the generic equation y-k=m(x-h) What type of line has the equation y=# What slope does a horizontal line have? What type of line has the equation x=# What slope does a vertical line have? The horizontal axis is called what? The vertical axis is called what? the first coordinate in an ordered pair Is the ratio of a term to the previous term to fail to approach a finite limit The amount of time it takes for the amount if the substance to diminish by half the set of all real numbers between to given numbers is a transcendental number commonly encountered when working with exponential models and exponential functions a line or curve that the graph of a relatuion approaches more and more closely the further the graph is followed the result of writing the sum of two terms as a difference of vice-versa a conic section that can be thought of as an inside-out clipse an extreme value of a function a geometric figure made up of two right circular cones placed apex to apex an interval that contains endpoints the family of curves including circles, ellipses, paranolas, & hyperbolas a function or coordinates a method for solving a linear system of equations using determinans a conic section which is essential a stretched circle to figure out or evaluate the appearance of a graph as its followed farther & farther in either directions a method used to divide polyniomials a technique for distributing two binomials the amount of quantity a kind of average sometimes used in statistics & engineering a function with a graph that is symmetric to the y-axis the product of a given integer and all smaller positive integers the slope of a horizontal line th set of all real numbers between two given numbers the coordinate plane used to graph complex numbers to multiply out the parts of an equation a polynomialof degree 3 The point where a line meets or crosses the y-axis The point where a line meets or crosses the x-axis The ratio of the vertical and horizontal changes between two points on a surface or a line; rise over run The set of all possible outputs of a function; All y-values A pair of numbers, (x, y), that indicate the position of a point on a Cartesian plane A linear function representing real -world phenomena. The model also represents patterns found in graphs and/or data A function with a constant rate of change and a straight line graph A mathematical phrase involving at least one variable and sometimes numbers and operation symbols A number sentence that contains an equals symbol The appearance of a graph as it is followed farther and farther in either direction The set of x-coordinates of the set of points on a graph;All x-values. The value that is the input in a function or relation A set with elements that are disconnected Describes a connected set of numbers, such as an interval With respect to the variable x of a linear function y= f(x), the constant rate of change is the slope of its graph A number multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression; The number in front of variable A number says how many times to use that number in a multiplication A number with no fractional part An equation that makes a straight line when it is graphed The distance from the center to the circumference of a circle The differnce between the lowest and highest numbers. A point where two or more straight lines meet The amount of 3 dimensional space and object occupy The line that divides something into two equal parts The size of a surface A number used to multiply a variable A line segment connecting two points on a curve The largest exponent for a polynomial with one variable A straight line going through the center of a circle connecting two points on the circumference Does not converge, does not settle with some value A way to pinpoint where you are on a map or graph by how far along or how far up or down the graph is The length of the adjacent side divided by the length of the hypotenuse The longest side on a right triangle This creates an arched shape when graphed How far a periodic function is horizontally to the right of the usual position The ratio of a circle's circumference to it's diameter A vector with a magnitude of one The shortest diameter of an ellipse A sequence made by multiplying by some value each time A value that you get closer and closer to, but can never reach The set of input values in a relation. A relation that assigns exactly one output for each input. The place where a graph crosses the y-axis. When a figure can be folded about a line so that it matches exactly. A diagram used to determine whether a relation is or is not a function. Used to emphasize that a function value f(x) depends on the variable x. The y-coordinate of the highest point on a graph. A set of ordered pairs. This type of line is never a function. The behavior of a graph as x approaches positive or negative infinity. Used to determine whether a graph is a function. The place where a graph crosses the x-axis. The y-coordinate of the lowest point on a graph. To replace a variable with a number and simplify. This type of line is always a function. The set of output values in a relation. horizontal axis of the coordinate plane Vertical axis of the coordinate plane another name for the x-values on a graph Another name for the y-values on a graph The y-value of the point in which the linear function crosses the y-axis. The x-value of the point in which the linear function crosses the x-axis. an x-value and y-value together on the coordinate plane create a _______ A letter representing an unknown value ___________ is a word to describe Rate of Change. When the ordered pair does not satisfy the equation or the equation produces a false response. What we use to plot linear functions. the variable m represent the __________ the variable b represent the ____________ When a graph is decreasing from left to write it has a ______________ slope. What a graph is increasing from left to right it has a ______________ slope A graph that is a vertical line has a ______________ slope A graph that is a horizontal line has a __________ slope.

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CC-MAIN-2022-27

https://software3d.com/Forums/viewtopic.php?p=574

math

If we take the square of a polygon, we get a duoprism of that polygon - and this is the beginning of powertopes. Powertopes are the result of taking a polytope and taking it to some "power" where the power is usually a shape having "block" symmetries (i.e. rectangle, square, cuboid, cube, tesseract, etc). The square of a shape is the duoprism of that shape, the diamond (square standing on a corner) of a shape is the duotegum of the shape (duotegums are the duals of duoprisms). So what happens when we take the octagon or the octagram of a shape - lets start with the octagon of the octagon (or ocavoc for short). When we look at the octagon, lets consider it to have square symmetry - the octagon has the four edges of a square, blown out a bit - and four diagonal edges (which connects a horizontal edge to a vertical edge by nearest points). Notice that if the edge length is 1, then the height of the octagon is sq2+1 (I call this length "vo"). The octagon contains the short edges of a 1 by vo rectangle and a vo by 1 rectangle along with the diagonals that connect nearest points. The ocavoc is similar, it contains the small sides of an octagon(size 1)-octagon(size vo) duoprism and an octagon(size vo)-octagon(size 1) duoprism, along with "diagonals" that connect nearest rectangles of one duoprism to the other. The diagonal looks like a 1 by vo rectangle atop a vo by 1 rectangle - but enough talk, lets look at some pics: Here is the unfolded ocavoc: Here is its projection: Here is the dual "Duocavoc" Ocavog is the octagon of the octagram - here is the projection and a cross section: Ogavoc is the octagram of an octagon - here's the projection and a section. Ogavog is the octagram of an octagram - here's the projection and a section. More to come. The place to talk about Stella4D, Great Stella, and Small Stella. Feel free to ask questions about them here. 1 post • Page 1 of 1

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CC-MAIN-2021-10

https://www.tutorz.com/tutor/brooklyn-ny/555287

math

"I'm grew up passionate about math and learning it! All through grade school math was my favorite subject, and I started tutoring as a freshman in high school. After earning a perfect score on the Math SAT, I decided to major in Math at SUNY Binghamton. After some experience in front of the classroom, I decided to get my Masters and PhD in Math Education from Columbia University, Teachers College, where I focused more on the different ways to learn and teach math. I have taught math of most su" |fee:||$180 (for 60 min)| |travel distance:||12 miles| |tutoring method:||in-person (not online)| |member for:||2 years and 7 months| Brooklyn, NY 11216 |ACT Math - Algebra 1 - Algebra 2 - Calculus - Differential Equations - Discrete Math - Elementary Math - Finite Math - Geometry - Linear Algebra - Logic - Prealgebra - Precalculus - Probability - SAT Math - Trigonometry|

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CC-MAIN-2019-39

http://community.schemewiki.org/?sicp-ex-2.72

math

<< Previous exercise (2.71) | Index | Next exercise (2.73) >> Encoding the most frequent element as per ex. 2.71 is a mere search into the symbol list, which is accomplished in O(n). Encoding the least frequent element involves descending down the tree, with a search in the symbol list each time. The complexity is O(n) + O(n-1) + ... + O(1), akin to O(n²). Still not 100% sure of that; correct me if I'm wrong. *given complexity of `member` / `element-of-set` function is O(n)

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CC-MAIN-2016-30

http://www.jiskha.com/display.cgi?id=1305163000

math

Posted by Hannah on Wednesday, May 11, 2011 at 9:16pm. 1. When two fair dice are tossed, what is the probability of a sum of 4 or a sum of 8? 2. When two fair dice are tossed, what is the probability of doubles or a sum over 9? 3. Evaluate 1025! / 1022! Probability NEED HELP - milano, Thursday, May 12, 2011 at 3:10am 5 ways in which teenage pregnacy impacts on the community Probability NEED HELP - PsyDAG, Thursday, May 12, 2011 at 12:24pm There are 36 possibilities with 2 dice. sum of 4 = 2,2 or 1,3 or 3,1 Sum of 8 = 2,6 or 6,2 or 3,5 or 5,3 or 4,4 2. Use similar process. 3. 1023 * 1024 * 1025 = ? Probability milano - PsyDAG, Thursday, May 12, 2011 at 12:27pm If you have a question, it is much better to put it in as a separate post in <Post a New Question> rather than attaching it to a previous question, where it is more likely to be overlooked. Also state the subject correctly, so tutors who are experts in that area are more likely to respond. Probability NEED HELP - rhianna, Monday, October 28, 2013 at 8:09am what is the upper most probability of 3 Answer This Question More Related Questions - Probability - 1. When two fair dice are tossed, what is the probability of a sum... - Probability - A pair of fair dice is tossed once. Find the probability a sum of ... - Probability - When two fair six-sided dice are rolled, there are 36 possible ... - Math urgent - If two "fair" dice are tossed what is the probability that the sum... - probability - two fair six-sided dice are rolled and the sum of the dots on the ... - probability - two dice are tossed. find the probability that the sum is odd ... - math - probability... two dice are tossed.... and their sum is recorded ..find ... - Statistics - In a game you roll two fair dice. If the sum of the two numbers ... - math - Find the expected value, u, for the sum of two fair dice. The probability... - math - Find the expected value, ì, for the sum of two fair dice. The probability...

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501172775.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104612-00417-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2017-09

https://www.meritnation.com/cbse-class-10/math/math/surface-areas-and-volumes/ncert-solutions/12_1_9_140_252_2439

math

Surface Areas And Volumes Water in canal, 6 m wide and 1.5 m deep, is flowing with a speed of 10 km/h. how much area will it irrigate in 30 minutes, if 8 cm of standing water is needed? Consider an area of cross-section of canal as ABCD. Area of cross-section = 6 × 1.5 = 9 m2 Speed of water = 10 km/h = Volume of water that flows in 1 minute from canal = … To view the solution to this question please

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948569405.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20171215114446-20171215140446-00003.warc.gz

CC-MAIN-2017-51

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/more-probability-questions.101689/

math

I have some more questions but this time, you can use permutations but basic basic ones because i was reading ahead in my book, because my teacher wont explain it anyway. Heres the question from the last thread of mine but there's something i didn't post. 1. A basketball player has a success rate of 80% for shooting free throws. Calculate the following probabilities. iv) She will make at least three out of five attempts. I know how to do the other parts that you guys helped me with but this one is different. 2. Postal codes for Canada have the form LDL DLD, where L is any letter from A to Z, and D is any digit from 0 to 9. Some letters may not be permitted in certain positions of the postal code by Canada Post. As a result, the actual number of allowable postal codes will be different from the total number possible. a)Estimate the total number of possible postal codes available for use in Canada. b)Postal codes for Toronto start with the letter M. What is the probability that a postal code selected randomly an area in Toronto. 3. A health and safety committee is to be selected from all people who work at a local factory. The committee is to consist of four members randomly selected from a list of ten names submitted by the shop leader. The list has the names of 5 union members and 5 works who are not union members. a)What is the probability that the first two people selected from the list are union members? b)what is the probability that all the committee members are union members? By the way all these question are in the section before we learn about permutations. But if you cant avoid it then use permutations because i want to learn how to do them also. But use basic ones.

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CC-MAIN-2019-04

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=6323044&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND(p_IS_Number%3A6373759)

math

Skip to Main Content Model selection via exponentially embedded families (EEF) of probability models has been shown to perform well on many practical problems of interest. A key component in utilizing this approach is the definition of a model origin (i.e. null hypothesis) which is embedded individually within each competing model. In this correspondence we give a geometrical interpretation of the EEF and study the sensitivity of the EEF approach to the choice of model origin in a Gaussian hypothesis testing framework. We introduce the information center (I-center) of competing models as an origin in this procedure and compare this to using the standard null hypothesis. Finally we derive optimality conditions for which the EEF using I-center achieves optimal performance in the Gaussian hypothesis testing framework.

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CC-MAIN-2015-18

https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/entities/publication/03f97def-76cb-4476-a083-55510e786a66

math

Conditional-moment Closure with Differential Diffusion for Soot Evolution in Fire Is Version Of The conditional-moment closure (CMC) equation for the evolution of a large Lewis number scalar, soot, is derived starting from the joint probability density function (pdf) equation for the gas-phase mixture fraction, ξ g , and the soot mass fraction, Y s . Unlike previous approaches starting with the joint pdf, the residual terms that result from the typical closure models were retained. A new formulation of the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model suitable for spatially evolving flows with buoyant acceleration and radiative transport in participating media was employed to carry out simulations of a prototypical ethene fire. The resulting ODT evolution of ξ g and Y s was used to assess the significance of various terms in the CMC equation including the residual correlations. The terms involving differential diffusion are found to be important along with the soot source terms and the large-scale evolution of both ξ g and Y s . Of particular importance in the regions in mixture-fraction space around the soot production and consumption is a residual term, not previously identified, related to the correlation between the differential diffusion and Y s . This term results in a diffusion-like behavior of Y s in the mixture fraction coordinate that has an apparent Lewis number near unity. In scenarios where the large Lewis number component is a non-negligible component of the mixture fraction (i.e., large soot loading), it is found easier to employ a mixture fraction neglecting this component. Such a mixture-fraction variable has a chemical source term, but this appears easier to model than the differential diffusion and dissipation terms that result when the large Lewis number component is retained in the mixture-fraction definition. This article is from Proceedings of the 2006 Summer Program-Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford, CA, pp.311-323.

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CC-MAIN-2023-50

http://www.sparknotes.com/math/calcbc1/thederivative/problems_1/

math

Problem : Calculate the derivative of f (x) = x2 at x = 1.Substituting 1 for x0 in the formula for the derivative, we have |=||2 + Δx| Problem : Find the vertex of the parabola f (x) = x2 + 2x + 2 using the derivative.At the vertex, the tangent line to the graph will be horizontal, with slope 0. Therefore, we search for an x such that f'(x) = 0. We have |=||limΔx→02x + 2 + Δx| |=||2(x + 1)| Problem : Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of f (x) = x3 at x = 2.First we compute f'(2): Take a Study Break!

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CC-MAIN-2018-09

http://www.algebra.com/algebra/homework/Human-and-algebraic-language/Human-and-algebraic-language.faq.question.230643.html

math

Question 230643: David had $4000 invested for one fourth of a year ar a simple interest rate of 6.1%. how much interest did he earn? 2. Tori invested $8000 in money market funds. Part was invested at 5% simple interest, and the rest at 7% simple interest. at the end of 1 year, tori had earned $496 in interest. How much did she invest in each fund? 3. The Clark family went sailing on a lake. Their boat averaged 6 kilometers per hour. The Rourke family took their outboard runabout for a trip on the lake for the same amount of time. Their boat averaged 14 kilometers per hour. The Rourke family traveled 20 kilometers farther than the Clark family. How many hours did each family spend on their boat trip? Answer by rfer(12662) (Show Source):

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CC-MAIN-2013-20

https://philosophy-question.com/library/lecture/read/415339-how-do-you-write-p-in-html

math

Table of contents: - How do you write P in HTML? - What is the difference between P and </ p >? - What does * p ++ do in C? - What is P naught in statistics? - What is P subzero? - What is P and p0? - What is PO in Z test? - How do I get p0? - Who is p0? - Is null hypothesis P or P hat? - What is the P-value in a chi square test? - What is PR Chi Square? - How do you do chi square? How do you write P in HTML? The tag defines a paragraph. Browsers automatically add a single blank line before and after each element. Tip: Use CSS to style paragraphs. What is the difference between P and </ p >? There is no difference. What does * p ++ do in C? In C programming language, *p represents the value stored in a pointer. ++ is increment operator used in prefix and postfix expressions. * is dereference operator. Precedence of prefix ++ and * is same and both are right to left associative. What is P naught in statistics? The null hypothesis is a statement about the value of a population parameter, such as the population mean (µ) or the population proportion (p). It contains the condition of equality and is denoted as H0 (H-naught). ... The p-value is the area under the curve to the left or right of the test statistic. What is P subzero? P(0) would be written in your books as “P sub zero” e ^ rt means “e raised to the rt power” so whenever I use this symbol: “^” it means a power. I'm trying to use similar notation to how you would enter things on a calculator. What is P and p0? If the alternative hypothesis is Ha: p > p0 (greater than), then “extreme” means large or greater than, and the p-value is: • The probability of observing a test statistic as large as that observed or larger if the null hypothesis is true. What is PO in Z test? The test statistic is a z-score (z) defined by the following equation. z=(p−P)σ where P is the hypothesized value of population proportion in the null hypothesis, p is the sample proportion, and σ is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution. How do I get p0? If your test statistic is positive, first find the probability that Z is greater than your test statistic (look up your test statistic on the Z-table, find its corresponding probability, and subtract it from one). Then double this result to get the p-value. Who is p0? Master Ping Xiao Po (simply Po; born as Li Lotus) is the protagonist of the Kung Fu Panda franchise. Is null hypothesis P or P hat? The test statistic is a measure of how far the sample proportion p-hat is from the null value p0, the value that the null hypothesis claims is the value of p. What is the P-value in a chi square test? The P-value is the probability that a chi-square statistic having 2 degrees of freedom is more extreme than 19. What is PR Chi Square? The Chi-Square test statistic is the squared ratio of the Estimate to the Standard Error of the respective predictor. ... The probability that a particular Chi-Square test statistic is as extreme as, or more so, than what has been observed under the null hypothesis is defined by Pr>ChiSq. How do you do chi square? In order to perform a chi square test and get the p-value, you need two pieces of information: - Degrees of freedom. That's just the number of categories minus 1. - The alpha level(α). This is chosen by you, or the researcher. The usual alpha level is 0. - What does Bible say about liars? - How many glands do humans have? - Where does the phrase for the time being come from? - What is the opposite of obliged? - What was the style of Constructivism? - What are the methods for doing social research? - What are the terminologies of computer? - What is the best description of an evil twin? - What is social group in education? - Which of the following is the best definition for realpolitik *? You will be interested - What does the Aufbau principle state? - What do sociologist call the division of society into categories ranks or classes? - Does God answer prayers according to his will? - What is the saddest key? - What is the purpose of culture? - What is happiness and why it is important? - Why does writing a Recounts are important? - How is the biological approach used today? - What is Charles Darwin's date of birth? - Why do I start laughing for no reason?

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CC-MAIN-2022-33

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/zero-divided-by-zero.149056/

math

Some days ago I read a fallacious algabraic argument which was quite intresting and made me think about such cases, Last night I came up with a technique to make sense out of all those fallacies which include diving by zero... The technique is as follows: lets say: [tex]a/b=A[/atex] [tex]a=bA[/atex] If we take 'b' as zero, "a = 0" as well and 'A' can be anything. As a result: [tex]0/0=A[/atex] where 'A' can be anything. Concludes to two points: 1) Nothing other than zero is divisible by zero, its only zero itself. 2) Zero divided by zero can be anything. Whats the use of these points? ________________________________ The fallacy I had read : [tex]x^2-x^2=x^2-x^2[/atex] [tex](x-x)(x+x)=x(x-x)[/atex] [tex]((x-x)(x+x))/(x-x)=x(x-x)/(x-x)[/atex]which results to 1 = 2 Using the points above and repeating the third step of the falacy we have; [tex](0/0)(2x)=(0/0)(x)[/atex] which means: [tex]v2x=wx[/atex] (where v is A#1 & w is A#2) as we are to keep the equilibrium between the right and left handside of the equation, the relation between v & w is obvious; [tex]w=2v[/atex] by subsituting: [tex]v2x=2vx[/atex] [tex](v2x)/(2v)=(2vx)/(2v)[/atex] which means x = x and no more a fallacy. ____________________________________________ Even if we look from the other point of view; as multiplicaton is the inverse process of division, and that something multiplied by zero is zero so logically zero divided by zero can be anything. I'd be glad for further comments, I know its forbiden to divide something by zero but its fun Why cant we do the process mentioned above? Thanks for giving your time.

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CC-MAIN-2019-04

https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Asymptotic+analysis

math

The last crucial ingredient in the asymptotic analysis is expressing the multivariate normalized symmetric functions through the univariate ones. A topological asymptotic analysis for the regularized gray-level image classification problem. We are ready for the asymptotic analysis of the original matrix Y (and in particular, of its entries (1,1) and (2,1)). 36) that the asymptotic analysis boils down to an asymptotic evaluation of integrals of the form Again, (11) is fundamental for the asymptotic analysis of Gelfand measures. This one is just an easy example from which the asymptotic analysis is quite clear. In contrast, starting with reds above blacks, asymptotic analysis of (10) shows that the total variation tends to 1 after a single shuffle when n is large. Consequences include a precise asymptotic analysis of the stopping-time distribution--it is asymptotically normal in the "unfair" case and akin to an extreme-value (double exponential) distribution in the "fair" case--as well as a characterization of the exponentially small probability of reversing a majority. They also describe cooperative effects in the case of queuing systems with rejection and procedures to us in the asymptotic analysis of logical systems with unreliable elements. n] (Z) in Proposition 1, continues with an asymptotic analysis of the corresponding Poisson expectation summarized by Proposition 2, and concludes with the depoissonization argument of Proposition 3. and singularities; hyperbolic and dispersive PDEs and fluid mechanics. Fulmek adopted their approach for the asymptotic analysis

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CC-MAIN-2018-17

https://www.assignmentexpert.com/homework-answers/mathematics/statistics-and-probability/question-379

math

Answer to Question #379 in Statistics and Probability for Elizabeth The total amount of screws in the box is: 90+10 = 100. The number of ways to select 10 screws from 100 is: N = (C100)^10. The number of ways to select 10 screws from good ones is: m = (C90)^10. Thus, the probability of taking 10 good screws is: P = m/N = ((C90)^10)/((C100)^10) = (90!*90!)/(80!*100!) ≈ 0.33 Need a fast expert's response?Submit order and get a quick answer at the best price for any assignment or question with DETAILED EXPLANATIONS!

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CC-MAIN-2019-09

http://www.imgrum.org/tag/35mm

math

Camp Pin Oak, shot on Superia 400 film. (unedited) On Saturday, my brother got married and I shot my first wedding. I had always told myself that I would never take wedding photos. It seemed like such an overwhelming and unenjoyable thing to do. But being able to capture the love and happiness that filled this room on that day was an incredible rush. The anticipation I felt while waiting for this roll of film to be developed was the only overwhelming part about it. holding space but never time part of i must be missing the point until April 4 i must be missing the point presents a series of dichotomies between work and mind. Reducing mental health awareness and the artist's’ own position in society and future to a layering of contexts and feelings in various directions. This encourages the viewer, and artist, to question what exactly is ‘the real’ and ‘the true?’ by posing the question ‘are we all really disassociated and numb to reality?’ The layers presented polarise internal thoughts and feelings and range from what can be termed ‘normal and healthy’ to the ‘broken down and hopeless’ where the removal of self within our contemporary society becomes nothing more than an advert, a meme, a social media presence or a faux-presentation of a brand. The repeating motif of helloesposito is at once a slogan or brand placeholder to hang the contexts upon, and the also the artist’s extension of self to promote, connect and engage. rsvp at https://www.facebook.com/events/227512884378573/?ti=cl #helloesposito#goals#blog#student#visualart#phd#photography#architecture#exhibition#art#studio#bath#gold#contemporaryart#35mm#bnw#inspiration#promo#art 🎨 #gold#video#analog

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CC-MAIN-2017-13

https://chelischili.com/mathsolution-540

math

Help with math word problems for free Here, we will be discussing about Help with math word problems for free. We can solving math problem. The Best Help with math word problems for free Help with math word problems for free can help students to understand the material and improve their grades. To solve an inverse function, you first need to determine what the function is and what its inverse would be. To do this, you need to know what a function is and what inverse functions are. A function is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) where each x corresponds to a unique y. An inverse function is a function that "undoes" another function. So, if the function is f(x) = 2x + 3, then the inverse function would be Answering How to solve radical equations To solve radical equations, you need to first identify the radicals in the equation. Then, you need to determine what operation needs to be performed on the radicals to isolate them. Once the radicals are isolated, you can solve the equation as you would any other equation. There are a few different ways to solve a square. The most common way is to use a calculator, but you can also use a pencil and paper. To solve a square using a calculator, you will need to enter the number into the calculator and then press the square button. To solve a square using a pencil and paper, you will need to draw a line from the top left corner to the bottom right corner and then from the bottom left corner to the top right corner. Once you There are a few different ways that you can solve for the x intercept of a line or a curve. One way is to set the equation equal to zero and solve for x. Another way is to graph the equation and find the point where it crosses the x-axis. There's now an app for that! It's called PhotoMath, and it's designed to solve math problems by simply pointing your phone's camera at them. Just take a picture of the problem, and the app will instantly give you the answer, complete with step-by-step instructions. No more struggling with algebra!

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CC-MAIN-2023-06

https://www.doubtnut.com/question-answer/if-int0x-ft-dt-x-intx1-t-ft-dt-then-f1--644185399

math

Updated On: 24-7-2021 Loading DoubtNut Solution for you Get Answer to any question, just click a photo and upload the photo and get the answer completely free, UPLOAD PHOTO AND GET THE ANSWER NOW! Fundamental Theorem of Definite Integration `int_a ^b f(x) dx = phi(b) - phi(a)` Examples: `int_2 ^4 x / (x^2 + 1) dx` Definite integration by substitution Examples: `int_0 ^1 sin^-1 ((2x )/ (1 + x^2)) dx` Property 1: Integration is independent of the change of variable. `int_a ^b f(x) dx = int_a ^b f(t) dt` Property 2: If the limits of a definite integral are interchanged then its value changes. `int_a ^b f(x) dx = - int_b ^a f(x) dx` Property 3: `int_a ^b f(x) dx = int_a ^c f(x)dx + int_c ^b f(x) dx` Property 4: If `f(x)` is a continuous function on `[a,b]` then `int_a ^b f(x) dx = int_a ^b f(a+b-x) dx` Property 5: If `f(x)` is a continuous function defined on `[0,a]` then `int_0 ^a f(x) dx = int_0^a f(a-x) dx` BSEB Class 12 Admit Card 2022 Released, Download Now BSEB has released the admit card for the Class 12 board exam of practical and theory exams 2022. Check how to download the Bihar board admit card. CBSE Term 2 Sample Papers Released, Check Out Now CBSE has released the sample papers of the CBSE term II exams for class 10 & 12 board exams 2022. Check steps to download CBSE 2022 sample papers. NEET 2021 Counselling Schedule released by MCC, details here NEET 2021 counselling schedule released by MCC. NEET counselling is scheduled to commence from 19th Jan and final result will be announced on 29th Jan. IBPS Clerk Prelims Result 2022 Released, Check out now IBPS Clerk Prelims Result 2022 Released, Check out now on official website of the IBPS. Check IBPS main exam date, exam pattern, cut-off, salary and more. RBSE class 10 & 12 board exam 2022 from March 3, details here RBSE class 10 and 12 board exam 2022 would commence from 3rd March 2022. RBSE practical exams for Class 10 and 12 would be held from 17th 2022.

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CC-MAIN-2022-05

https://stupefied-davinci-2941e0.netlify.app/mixed-factoring-worksheet-algebra-2.html

math

Mixed Factoring Worksheet Algebra 2 Factoring and solving quadratics worksheet packet. Mixed factoring worksheet algebra 2. Worksheet by kuta software llc analytic geometry unit 5a mixed factoring review name_____ id: I can add, subtract and multiply polynomial expressions factoring quadratic expressions 1. Factoring trinomials a=1 worksheet 4. Factoring quadratics by grouping our mission is to provide a free world class education to anyone anywhere. Worksheets are factoring quadratic expressions, factoring practice, factoring, cp algebra 2 unit 2 1 factoring and solving quadratics, factoring polynomials, factoring polynomials gcf and quadratic expressions, factoring all techniques, factoring special cases. It is best suited for middle school or algebra intervention. Lc of 1 and positive terms. By the way, concerning mixed factoring worksheets, we already collected several similar images to complete your references. Occasionally we canstartbytakingcommon factorsoutofevery term inthesum. 1) v 2) x x 3) x x 4) a a 5) k k k factor each completely. Mixed review of factoring factor the common factor out of each expression. 19) for what values of b is the expression factorable? Complicated mixed up terms and things that a more advanced student might work out are left alone. Read free mixed factoring practice kuta software infinite algebra 1 worksheet by kuta software llc algebra 2 factoring all methods mixed review name_____ id: For example, 4 2 is (2 2) 2 = 2 4, but these worksheets just leave it as 4 2, so students can focus on learning how to multiply and divide exponents more or less in isolation. Each question only has two exponents to deal with; E z bmcaod ea 0w ti zt gha iifn cf ficnbi ntye7 aa hl zgie tb tr 4a y k1e. Circuit worksheet factoring quadratic expressions a = 1 circuit worksheet factoring quadra - Budget Worksheet Printable Pdf - Cellular Respiration Process Equation - Atomic Structure Worksheet 2 Answer Key - Cell Cycle Worksheet Pdf - Atomic Structure Worksheet Answers Chemistry A Study Of Matter - Arranging Fractions Worksheet Grade 2 - Cell Cycle And Mitosis Coloring Worksheet - Budget Spreadsheet Dave Ramsey - Budget Worksheet Template Excel - Cellular Respiration Meaning In Biology - Atomic Structure Worksheet Answers Chapter 4 - Cellular Respiration Diagram Worksheet - Budget Excel Worksheet Monthly - Cell Transport Review Worksheet Quizlet - Balancing Chemical Equations Worksheet Middle School - Cellular Respiration Formula In Words - Cell Cycle Worksheet Doc - Cellular Respiration Process In Plants - Atomic Structure Worksheet Doc - Cellular Respiration Process In Order

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https://iaorifors.com/keyword/12/papers/page/4

math

A novel local search algorithm with configuration checking and scoring mechanism for the set k-covering problem The set k‐covering problem, an extension of the classical set covering problem,... An evolutionary implicit enumeration procedure for solving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem This paper presents a procedure for solving the resource‐constrained project... Heuristics for the two-machine scheduling problem with a single server In this paper, the NP‐hard two‐machine scheduling problem with a single... Water distribution networks design under uncertainty Water distribution networks are important systems that provide citizens with an... A Benson type algorithm for nonconvex multiobjective programming problems In this paper, an approximation algorithm for solving nonconvex multiobjective... A Lagrange duality approach for multi-composed optimization problems In this paper, we consider an optimization problem with geometric and cone... Multi-depot rural postman problems This paper studies multi‐depot rural postman problems on an undirected graph.... On learning and branching: a survey This paper surveys learning techniques to deal with the two most crucial decisions in... Mitigating Spillover in Online Retailing via Replenishment Graves Stephen C Online purchases constitute about one‐tenth of U.S. retail sales. The supply... Game-theoretic methods for locating camera towers and scheduling surveillance We develop techniques to optimise the locations and surveillance scheduling of... Real-time multimodal transport path planning based on a pulse neural network model A modified pulse‐coupled neural network (MPCNN) model is designed for... On Kernelization and Approximation for the Vector Connectivity Problem In the Vector Connectivity problem we are given an undirected graph G = ( V , E ) , a... Fixed-Parameter Tractable Distances to Sparse Graph Classes We show that for various classes C of sparse graphs, and several measures of distance... Linear Kernels for Outbranching Problems in Sparse Digraphs In the k ‐ Leaf Out‐Branching and k ‐ Internal... Extending the Kernel for Planar Steiner Tree to the Number of Steiner Vertices In the Steiner Tree problem one is given an undirected graph, a subset T of its... Multicuts in Planar and Bounded-Genus Graphs with Bounded Number of Terminals Colin de Verdire ric Given an undirected, edge‐weighted graph G together with pairs of vertices,... Parameterized and Approximation Algorithms for the Load Coloring Problem Let c , k be two positive integers. Given a graph G = ( V , E ) , the c ‐ Load... How to Sort by Walking and Swapping on Paths and Trees Consider a graph G with n vertices. On each vertex we place a box. The n vertices and... An Experimental Evaluation of the Best-of-Many Christofides’ Algorithm for the Traveling Salesman Problem Recent papers on approximation algorithms for the traveling salesman problem (TSP)... Complexity and Approximability of Parameterized MAX-CSPs We study the optimization version of constraint satisfaction problems... A Polynomial Kernel for Block Graph Deletion In the Block Graph Deletion problem, we are given a graph G on n vertices and a... Quick but Odd Growth of Cacti Let F be a family of graphs. Given an n ‐vertex input graph G and a positive... A Distributed Interior-Point KKT Solver for Multistage Stochastic Optimization Multistage stochastic optimization leads to NLPs over scenario trees that become... SOCEMO: Surrogate Optimization of Computationally Expensive Multiobjective Problems We present the algorithm SOCEMO for optimization problems that have multiple... Papers per page:

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CC-MAIN-2021-49

https://www.hackmath.net/en/math-problem/36583

math

Two hundred ten athletes competed in three athletics races on three fields. One hundred five athletes competed in the first, 60 in the second, and everyone else in the third. On the individual courts, the athletes were divided into groups. Each group, although competing in any discipline, had the same number of members. The groups created were as large as possible. How many athletes competed in the group? Did you find an error or inaccuracy? Feel free to write us. Thank you! Thank you for submitting an example text correction or rephasing. We will review the example in a short time and work on the publish it. Tips to related online calculators You need to know the following knowledge to solve this word math problem: Related math problems and questions: - Part-time workers On Saturday, 210 part-time workers arrived in the village. One hundred five part-time workers worked on the first field, 60 on the second. The other part-time workers worked in the third field. They all worked in equal groups. How many workers worked in e In the 6th class there are 60 girls and 72 boys. We want to divide them into groups so that the number of girls and boys is the same. How many groups can you create? How many girls will be in the group? - Sports students There are 120 athletes, 48 volleyball players, and 72 handball players at the school with extended sports training. Is it possible to divide sports students into groups so that the number in each group is the same and expressed by the largest possible num - Lesson exercising The lesson of physical education, pupils are first divided into three groups so that each has the same number. The they redistributed, but into six groups. And again, it was the same number of children in each group. Finally they divided into nine equal g - On Children's On Children's Day, the organizers bought 252 chewing gums, 396 candies and 108 lollipops. They want to make as many of the same packages as possible. Advise them what to put in each package and how many packages they can make this way. - Dance group The dance group formed groups of 4, 5, and 6 members. Always one dancer remains. How many dancers were there in the whole group? - Apples and pears Mom divided 24 apples and 15 pears to children. Each child received the same number of apples and pears - same number as his siblings. How many apples (j=?) and pears (h=?) received each child? A group of kids wanted to ride. When the children were divided into groups of 3 children, one remain. When divided into groups of 4 children, 1 remains. When divided into groups of 6 children, 1 remains. After divided into groups of 5 children, no one lef Common multiple of three numbers is 3276. One number is in this number 63 times, second 7 times, third 9 times. What are the numbers? - Readers club The local reader’s club has a set of 28 hardback books and a set of 44 paperbacks. Each set can be divided equally among the club members. What is the greatest possible number of club members? - School books At the beginning of the school year, the teacher distributed 480 workbooks and 220 textbooks. How many pupils could have the most in the classroom? Decompose into primes and find the smallest common multiple n of (16,20) and the largest common divisor D of the pair of numbers (140,100) - LCD 2 The least common denominator of 2/5, 1/2, and 3/4 Athletes at the stadium could enter two-steps, three-steps, four-steps, five-steps, six-steps. There were more than 100 but less than 200. How many athletes were there? - Three Titanics Three steamers sailed from the same port on the same day. The first came back on the third day, fourth 4th day and the third returned sixth day. How many days after leaving the steamers met again in the harbor? - Three friends Three friends had balls in ratio 2: 7: 4 at the start of the game. Could they have the same number of balls at the end of the game? Write 0, if not, or write the minimum number of balls they had together. - LCM of two number Find the smallest multiple of 63 and 147

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CC-MAIN-2021-39

https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/AnIntuitiveProofOfThePythagoreanTheorem/

math

Requires a Wolfram Notebook System Interact on desktop, mobile and cloud with the free Wolfram Player or other Wolfram Language products. Do not show again Don't think. Feel! Contributed by: Yasushi Iwasaki (March 2011) Open content licensed under CC BY-NC-SA "An Intuitive Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem" Wolfram Demonstrations Project Published: March 7 2011 Take advantage of the Wolfram Notebook Emebedder for the recommended user experience.

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