input: [Judicial Institution] Federal Judges [Composition] The position of federal judge depends on being selected by public examination ( concurso público ). It is necessary to have at least three years of legal practice. [56] [Jurisdiction] 
output: Article 109, CF/88: the federal judges have jurisdiction over cases regarding the Union, federal agencies or public companies, except labor and bankruptcy situation or when there is jurisdiction of electoral or labor courts; over cases regarding international treaties; over political or ordinary crimes against public property or public service of the Union, federal agencies or public companies, except cases in which electoral or military courts have jurisdiction; over criminal cases established in international treaty in which the act started in Brazil but was completed in foreign state or vice-versa ; over cases involving serious violations of human rights; over crimes against the labor organization and, when established by legislation, against the financial and economic orders; over habeas corpus not subjected to other jurisdiction; over writ of mandamus and habeas data against federal authority; over crimes that took place in ships and aircrafts, except when military courts have jurisdiction; over crimes of foreigner with irregular situation in Brazil; and over indigenous rights disputes.