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Introduction: Snakebites pose a significant public health challenge globally, with India hosting over 250 venomous snake species. This study focuses on four major venomous land snakes, including the saw-scaled viper, responsible for numerous incidents worldwide. Snakebites result in millions of cases annually, with India reporting a substantial number, though the actual incidence and mortality rates may be underestimated due to traditional treatments in rural areas. Objective: The research aims to evaluate clinical parameters in patients with poisonous snakebites, emphasizing clinical predictors of mortality. Methodology: Conducted at a Medical College and Hospital from January to November 2023, the study involved 432 snakebite patients, with 260 exhibiting envenomation signs. Clinical criteria and treatments were standardized, and patient outcomes were monitored. Statistical analysis utilized SPSS version 26.0. Results: Among 260 patients, 58 did not survive, resulting in a mortality rate of 22.3%. No significant age or gender differences were observed between survivors and non-survivors. Rural areas accounted for a higher incidence, and September had the peak admission of patients. Lower limbs were predominantly affected (75.8%). Local pain and swelling were common symptoms. Bleeding tendencies, respiratory failure, and shock were associated with higher mortality. Discussion: Mortality rates varied, and factors like delayed hospital arrival, respiratory failure, acute renal failure, severe coagulopathy, and shock were identified as contributors to death. The study highlighted the correlation between mortality and complications such as bleeding tendencies and respiratory failure. This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition of open access. The articles in Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research are open access articles licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. Copyright � 2022 Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research All Rights Reserved. Subject to change without notice from or liability to Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research. For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome

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https://jcdronline.org/paper.php?slug=mortality-pattern-of-patients-in-snake-bite-poisoning

2024-04-12T11:58:59Z

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Microbes have demonstrated very complex social relations, between other microbes and other species. A previous post discussed elaborate chemical communication amongst microbes, including their collaboration in building biofilm cities. Another post mentions how individual cells are able to form larger structures that act as fruiting bodies, slugs, and other multi-cellular structures. A third previous post described the symbiotic relationship of plants and fungi whereby nutrients and signals are transferred from plant to plant and fungi to plant. But the scientific community may not have been prepared for microbes’ communicating along their own advanced electrical ‘wires’ to send food and energy to each other. Depending on Oxygen for Energy It is known that atoms have a certain number of electrons that exist in different energy orbits. When combined in molecules with other atoms one of the atoms can take on more electrons or give up electrons changing the characteristics of that atom. (see diagram) Oxygen is such a good acceptor of electrons that the process of a chemical taking on new electrons is called “oxidation”. The opposite process of giving up electrons is called reduction. The process of exchanging electrons releases energy to the cell that helps create the basic cellular food. Oxygen then takes these extra electrons and uses them in other reactions. So, in the human body, and most other creatures when electrons are set free by enzymes in chemical reactions oxygen is often there to accept them. It is also important to note that large numbers of electrons can also be drawn from atoms and then directed to flow on a charge gradient along wires, which is the basis of electricity. The movements of electrons to create energy in animal and plant cells are fundamental to life. The mechanisms of this electron transfer to create energy and food for cells are very complex, and not completely understood. In the mitochondria of animal cells electron transport to supply energy involves a large number of immense protein molecules embedded in a membrane (see diagram below which shows how complex this process is in animal cells). Other Food for Microbes In the absence of oxygen, deep in the earth for example, other chemicals can take the place of oxygen in the oxidative process to make food for bacteria. These chemicals, like oxygen, must be able to accept electrons from molecules. Some bacteria use sulphates, nitrates, and iron for this purpose, instead of oxygen. Iron, nitrates and sulfates accept electrons in the same type of electron transfer process, which is still called “oxidation”. In such bacteria the metabolism is altered so that oxygen itself is toxic. Bacteria often “breath”, therefore, without oxygen and instead hand off electrons to iron particles in dirt, where there is no oxygen. It was a surprise to learn that bacteria could breathe with a rock. In experiments with bacteria, when they were not allowed to be near oxygen or iron, it was observed that hairs started growing from the bacteria. Later it was learned that these hairs conduct electricity. As the bacteria continued releasing electrons they needed to find an oxidizing agent to accept the electrons and these hairs were wires that were searching for an electron acceptor somewhere. In the lab these bacterial hair like nanowires conducted a billion electrons per second nanowires, which is enough energy to power the cell. When the wires found a piece of iron or other electron acceptor the respiration in the cell increased. Electrical Conducting and Transport Wires Recently, it was discovered that in the earth microbes produce these thin, incredibly efficient wires that conduct electricity. Deep underground or in the ocean, there is little oxygen. There, bacteria make wires that connect a cell to other cells. Then, they use oxygen or an oxygen-substitute to go through oxidative process. In the latter case, they make wires connecting to a rock. Bacteria shuttle electrons away and complete their respiration cycle via these wires. These wires allow microbes to transport electrons a distance thousands of microbe-lengths away. The tiny wires, also called nanowires, are one of the holy grails of the new attempts in nanotechnology to build microscopic machines, robots, and medical instruments. Even more strange is that the wires connect together with many bacteria forming a chain of wires looking for oxidation acceptors from which all can “breath” and eat. When many microbe wires are embedded in biofilms (large cities of microbes – see picture) the wires develop electrical properties on par, or better, than our best conductors. However, unlike metal wires designed by human engineers, bacterial wires are made of only protein. Previously, it was thought that biological wires would need embedded proteins with minerals. These biofilm protein wires, though, neither have metals nor an apparent limit in their range. One group of microbes uses a long wire to consume iron as we breathe oxygen. In terms of scale this is equivalent to breathing through a tube miles long. Remarkably, these cooperatively constructive wires are not limited to a single species. Different species of microbes can use the same wires to exchange electrons. To do this, one microbe produces hydrogen while the other consumes it. The direct-wired connection allows for the exchange of vital energy and food between species. A parallel to this was described in a previous post whereby plants exchange food and energy with other plants, even long distances away, through wires made of fungus, a different species. In soil, where oxygen is rare but microbes thrive, microbes form wires from inches underground to find an electron source. In fact, there is an electric grid going from microbes far underground, who have no oxygen, to surface microbes, who have access to oxygen. This underground, biological grid powers the life of billions of microbes under every square inch of soil. Disparate types of microbes, like bacteria and archaea, cooperate in this way to survive. Animal Cells Also Have Nanotubes Similar nanotubes have also been recently found in animal cells. Very straight nanotubes have now been observed between mammalian cells. These channels have been shown to help blood cells kill cancer cells either by attaching to the cell to limit mobility or by sending chemicals to kill it. These animal cell tubes also conduct electricity and send signals during migration and healing of wounds. It has been suggested that this is the mechanism of the transfer of prions that have been noticed recently to travel between neurons, including the possible transmission of abnormal amyloid and tau molecules that spread the neuronal damage of Alzheimer’s disease. Who would have guessed that such an elaborate electrical connection existed between microbes, and existed even between different microbe species? This discovery shows an unprecedented level of communication between microbes at a technical level significantly beyond the current capacity of human engineers. These extremely efficient protein wires which transfer electrons between different species operate at enormous distances, literally thousands of times the size of the microbes. Just as human beings have been increasingly wired together for more than a hundred years, it appears that microbes have been wired together on a deeper level for millions of years.

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2024-04-12T12:32:24Z

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My study of history would be incomplete if, after having surveyed the process of history, I failed to ask myself what history is… Among high school students in India one finds an extraordinary apathy towards History, a position which the subject shares along with other so-called ‘arts’ subjects. In fact one of the first questions I was faced with as a teacher of History at the higher secondary level was ‘Why should we study History?’ Being a person fascinated with History, I had never asked myself such a question. Finding an answer to this deceptively simple question was not as easy as one supposed. An attempt to answer the question would be in vain without an attempt to understand the very complexity of the subject. History has been viewed over the centuries as a record or a systematic narrative of past events, dealing with the life of human beings. However in the latter half of the twentieth century the perception of History altered dramatically. Historians now talk of the historicism of History. Louis Montrose defines historicism as ‘a reciprocal concern with the historicity of texts and the textuality of History.’ This view of History is grounded in the concept that History itself is not a set of fixed objective facts but, like Literature with which it interacts, a text which needs to be interpreted. Historical texts too fall within the realm of discourses, and although they may appear to present or to reflect an external reality, they in fact consist of what are called ‘representations’, that is, narratives that are ‘ideological products’ or ‘cultural constructs’; a narrative determined by the view of the dominant class or race or gender to which the ‘author’ invariably belongs because of his accessibility to ‘scholarship’ and ‘modes of production’. The ideological foundation of History was first brought into focus by Marx and Engels. One may define the Marxian position as one that questions the concept of History as a record of facts. This regards human consciousness as a product shaped and defined by ideology, that is, the beliefs, values, and ways of thinking and feeling through which human beings perceive, and by recourse to which they explain, what they take to be reality. An ideology is, in complex ways, the product of the position and interests of a particular class. In any historical era, the dominant ideology embodies and serves to legitimise and perpetuate the interest of the dominant economic and social class. But Marx further perceived the domination of class as not constituting a continuity, but as a constant struggle. The dominant and subordinate classes cannot be located within one community or another, rather they are in fact determined by the changes in the fundamental modes of production, which in turn effects changes in the class structures. Seen in this context History then becomes not only a partial narrative but also a fractured one, in which there is a constant struggle for control of the logos. In the postcolonial era ‘race’ as a determinant of narrative has been widely recognised. The ‘mainstream’ voices consistently smother marginal voices. History’s absent voices are pointers to the power play of races. An ethnographic study of history exposes the rewriting and often the recreation of history. A postcolonial redefining of certain events could be stated as examples. If one asks why the Indian historians refer to an event as ‘The First War of Independence’ while the British refer to it as the ‘Sepoy Mutiny’, one may get an inkling as to how History is manipulated by language and how language itself is subordinated to ideology. Today a teacher of History cannot but be aware of the absurdity of teaching children that Columbus ‘discovered’ America, and that Captain Cook ‘discovered’ Australia. The very word discovered strips the native of any power over the land she and her ancestors have been living in for generations, strips them of their humanity and in that process makes them invisible. Their rich history, which survived till the conquest (and later in rare cases), in the forms of legends, myths, rituals and songs, were destroyed along with their non-intrusive lifestyles, in the mad thrust of forcible assimilation. The belief that the only ‘civilized’ way of life was the Western way of life has resulted in genocide. Similarly, the destruction of the earth itself is caused by the acceptance of an anthropocentric way of existence. Likewise, one cannot shut one’s eyes to the total absence of women from History, except in the role of a consort, a mistress or a queen. It cannot but be attributed to the ingenious and insidious working of patriarchy. The subordination of women through the ages, the various ways of exploiting the female, both economically and socially, is not the subject of History alone. But the intentionality of excluding women can be highlighted with an example. When a memorial stone was carved into the quay at Plymouth to commemorate the Founding Fathers who made the historic Mayflower voyage of 1620, there was no mention of the seventeen women who chose to undertake that perilous journey. The possibility of the plurality of historical narratives, exploring and exposing the undermining ideological aspects is the most fascinating aspect of studying History. But I would consider even more valuable the message inbuilt in the very exercise. It warns us about one of the pitfalls of the absolutist position. It forces one to consider opposing positions and sensitises one to give adequate space to conflicting ideologies. When a person is given the task of teaching History to young, impressionable minds, is there any way by which one can convey that narratives need not be absolute, that holding divergent opinions about an issue without conflict is desirable in civilized societies, and that violence often results from defending ideological positions? Is there a way of communicating this complexity without immediately setting up polarities in the mind of the student? More importantly, can she be taught that an opposing viewpoint deserves equal consideration, or that viewpoints alter, even within oneself? That they are just that—viewpoints, and that one should hold them lightly. Even if one holds the position that all narratives are determined by ideology, can one also explore the relative legitimacy of different ideological positions? The intention here is not to replace one version of History with another, but to make informed choices. These questions become all the more crucial given the orchestrated and concerted effort to subvert certain historical narratives. The recent attack and attempt to discredit the so-called ‘Left Wing’ intellectuals is actually a warning of things to come. When a nation’s identity is faced with a crisis, when there is large-scale disillusionment with the current state of affairs, the tendency to fall back on a real or an imagined ‘golden age’ becomes a very real possibility. Let us go back to the original question: Why learn History? I would say that History is valuable for these very reasons. The skills it demands and teaches are radically different from the ones typically demanded by Science or Mathematics. Its prime duty, as I perceive it, is not to make a student familiar with the happenings in the world, or to highlight the patterns of human development, but to bring about a change in her very way of thinking. We study History, then, to enter into a dialogue that brings out the deep-seated prejudices that one invariably carries, being part of a political environment. We become aware of the insidious workings of ideology and confront our own prejudices. This creates space in the mind to hold diverse viewpoints without conflict. Rightly taught, History enlarges the mind.

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2024-04-12T11:23:03Z

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It has been shown that body positivity has a real impact on people’s lives, both through its ability to help people accept their bodies and encourage self-love in others. Many people have found it incredibly empowering to change their own negative beliefs about their bodies into positive ones. Because of this, many people are now embracing their bodies in a way that they never have before. By promoting acceptance, the body positivity movement is helping to create a more inclusive and accepting world for everyone. The social pressure around body image is immense. Society tells us that we need to be thin and have a specific look to be attractive. We are bombarded with images of perfect people in the media, which can make us feel insecure about our appearance. We may feel like we need to diet or exercise excessively to achieve the idealised body that we see all around us. This can lead to eating disorders, low self-esteem, and other negative consequences. There are also a lot of social pressures when it comes to weight and body shapes. We may be criticised for being too fat or too thin, which can make us feel bad about ourselves. In addition, people may assume that we are lazy or unhealthy because of our body shape, even if this is not true. This can be a very harmful form of stigma and discrimination, and it is essential to stand up against these toxic beliefs. As someone who has struggled with body image issues for many years, I can say that the social pressure surrounding body image is highly toxic and damaging. It’s essential to learn to love and accept ourselves for who we are and not let the media dictate our self-worth. By supporting each other and embracing body diversity, we can begin to address the harmful social pressures that affect us all, helping everyone start feeling positive and not focusing on our body image concerns. The body positive movement is important because it helps us love and accept ourselves for who we are. It teaches us to celebrate our diversity and embrace our differences. It helps us to overcome the harmful social pressures that affect us all. We need to have a body positive movement because it can help us to improve our mental health and well-being. It can help us learn to love and accept ourselves, even if we don’t fit the conventional beauty standards. And by supporting and uplifting each other, we can help create a more inclusive and accepting society for all. Some of the benefits of body positivity are that it can help to improve mental health, lead to increased self-esteem, and greater self-acceptance. By learning to love and accept our bodies, we can also learn to appreciate our unique beauty. Additionally, body positivity can help us create a more inclusive and accepting world for everyone. Ultimately, body positivity rejects society’s harmful and unrealistic beauty standards and embraces our identities and beauty. It can help us to heal from the past, accept ourselves as we are now, and move forward confidently into the future. By supporting each other and promoting a positive self-image, we can all work together to create a more body-positive world. And in doing so, we can help improve the lives of countless individuals and communities. Several ways being more body positive can help you to feel confident. First, focusing on your inner qualities and strengths instead of focusing solely on your physical appearance can help you feel good about yourself and your body. Additionally, learning to accept and love your body for all its imperfections can also help you feel more confident, especially when faced with difficult situations or negative comments about your body. Another way that being more body positive can help you feel confident is by shifting your focus away from trying to achieve the ‘perfect’ body image and instead accepting yourself as you are. This can involve challenging negative thoughts and beliefs about your appearance, engaging in activities that make you feel good about yourself and surrounding yourself with positive people who support and appreciate your uniqueness. When you focus on these things, you will start to see your body in a more positive light which can help you to feel confident. Finally, remember that confidence comes from within, so the more you build your self-esteem and accept yourself, the more confident you will feel. If you are looking for additional tips on how to feel more confident and body positive, consider consulting a therapist or coach who can help guide you in your journey. Ultimately, feeling confident and being body positive is about loving yourself just as you are – so start focusing on all the great things that make you unique, and let that confidence shine through! Self-love and acceptance are some of the most important things we can ever learn. They teach us to be kind and gentle with ourselves and forgive ourselves for our mistakes. They help us appreciate our own unique beauty and understand that we are all worthy of love and respect. When we learn to love and accept ourselves, we can start to embrace our true selves and appreciate all that we have to offer the world. As a result, we can become more confident, resilient, and compassionate towards ourselves and others. And by showing compassion and kindness towards ourselves, we can also help create a more inclusive and accepting society for everyone. So if you are looking to feel more confident or improve your mental health and well-being, focus on learning to love and accept yourself just as you are. Surround yourself with positive people who support and encourage you, engage in activities that make you feel good about yourself, and always remember how truly special and amazing you are. With time, patience, and self-love, you can transform your life for the better. One great way to cultivate a more positive outlook toward your body is by seeking out people who already live according to these values. Whether through social media platforms, books, or in real life, look for role models who have a healthy and empowering relationship with their bodies. Pay attention to their language to describe their bodies and start adopting some of those exact phrases yourself. Additionally, try to avoid any media that perpetuates unrealistic or dangerous beauty standards, as these can contribute to negative body image. Instead, surround yourself with images and messages that reflect a more positive and healthy view of bodies. Have you seen Dove’s campaign for Real Beauty? It is refreshing to see a company celebrate the beauty of “real” women instead of just models or celebrities. I think that this type of advertising can help to improve body image and self-esteem because it shows that everyone is beautiful. I suggest you join the following Facebook groups – Go Love Yourself community, a private group connected to Laura Adlington and Lauren Smith’s new Go Love Yourself podcast. This group is a safe place for individuals to express themselves and learn from others on the same path. Another excellent place to look is books like “Love Your Body: A Positive Affirmations Guide for Loving and Appreciating Your Body” by Louise Hay and websites such as www.bodyposipanda.com, which offers advice and inspiration for promoting body positivity in your own life. You can begin learning how to appreciate yourself and accept all that your body offers by utilising these resources. There is no time like the present to start working on developing a more positive relationship with your body. Here are some tips to get you started: When it comes to body positivity, accepting your body the way it is, is key. You have to love yourself and your body no matter what size or shape you are. It can be hard to do, but it’s worth it. You have to be your own biggest advocate and be proud of yourself. There is no one else like you in the world, and you are beautiful just the way you are. Focus on health, not weight The number on the scale is not indicative of your worth as a person or how beautiful you are. It’s important to focus on being healthy, both mentally and physically. Eating nutritious foods and being active are great ways to be healthy, but it’s also important to focus on your mental health. Make sure you’re taking care of yourself emotionally and mentally as well as physically. Don’t compare yourself to others. Comparison is the thief of joy, as the saying goes. Unfortunately, comparing yourself to others can be detrimental when it comes to body positivity. Everyone is unique and beautiful in their own way, so comparing yourself to others is pointless. You are perfect just the way you are. Focus on being the best version of yourself, not trying to be someone else. Wear what you want to wear There are no rules when it comes to fashion and body type or body shape. Wear what makes you feel good, regardless of what anyone else thinks of your body shape. If you want to wear a bikini, rock it with confidence. If you want to wear a dress, go for it. It’s your life, and you should dress however you want. Be confident and show the world that you love your body just the way it is. Practice self-care and take time to do things that make you feel good Self-care is important for body positivity. When you take time for yourself, you acknowledge that your health and well-being are important. It can be something as simple as taking a relaxing bath or going for a walk. These small moments of self-care can make a big difference in your day-to-day life. Talk to yourself like you would to someone you love Negative self-talk can be damaging, so it’s important to focus on speaking kindly to yourself. Be your own best friend and give yourself the same love and support you would give to someone else. You are worth it! All bodies are good bodies. When it comes to body positivity, it’s important to remember that all bodies are good bodies. You are beautiful and worthy of love and respect, no matter what size or shape you are. It can be hard to believe this at times, but it’s worth fighting for. It’s also important to challenge any negative beliefs you may have about your body, body size and shape that may be holding you back from loving yourself just as you are. Body positivity can become part of your everyday life with time and practice! I’ve struggled with self-esteem and negative body image thoughts for many years of my life. I have always been the fat friend, and that label stuck with me for a long time. But unfortunately, it wasn’t doing my mental health any good, so I decided something needed to be done. I started my body positivity journey, and I can say that it has been incredibly empowering. I am finally learning to love myself and my body, it is not always easy, but it has been worth it. I have noticed that the more positive feelings I have helped me with body acceptance, I now practice self-care regularly, and I love it! I only follow social media accounts that provide a positive body image message, and I make sure to unfollow any that make me feel bad about myself. The most important thing that I have learned is to be kind to myself. I am worth the effort, and I deserve to love myself. If you’re feeling down about your body and struggling with self-confidence, I encourage you to start your body positivity journey. Embrace the positive changes you see in yourself and focus on all of the amazing things your body can do! Trust me, and it will be worth it. Remember it is important to find whatever works best for you in terms of body positivity and body confidence there is no one right way to feel good about yourself. Do what makes you happy and be proud of who you are! You are worth the effort! What are your thoughts on the power of body positivity? Let us know in the comments below!

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This listing is for a set of 20 BOOM Cards for reading sentences with short u words. In this activity, students will read a simple sentence that contains a short u word family word. They will then select the picture that matches the sentence. What are BOOM Cards? BOOM Cards are digital task cards accessed on a device, such as a laptop or iPad. The great thing about BOOM cards is that they are self-checking. When a student selects an answer, their selection will be circled with a red or green circle with red indicating an “incorrect” answer and green indicating a “correct” answer. How do I use this resource? This resource is a digital product that must be used on BOOM Learning. Once you purchase this listing, you will download the PDF file. The PDF file will give you instructions and a link that takes you to the BOOM Learning website. How do I sign up for a BOOM account? To use Boom Cards, you must be connected to the Internet. Boom Cards play on modern browsers (Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Edge). Apps are available for Android, iPads, iPhones, and Kindle Fires. For security and privacy, adults must have a Boom Learning account to use and assign Boom Cards. You will be able to assign the Boom Cards you are buying with “Fast Pins,” (play provides instant feedback for self-grading Boom Cards). Fast Play is always a free way for students to engage with Boom Cards decks. For additional assignment options you’ll need a premium account. If you are new to Boom Learning, you will be offered a free trial of our premium account. Read here for details: http://bit.ly/BoomTrial. You may be eligible for a free trial from Boom Learning. Read here for details: http://bit.ly/BoomTrial. What if I still have questions? No problem! Please contact me using the Q&A option or send me an email at [email protected]. For product questions, comments, information, or requests, please contact me at [email protected]

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I’m writing this a few days after white supremacists marched around Charlottesville, Virginia, chanting horrible things. Thankfully, I’ve seen many teachers post messages on Facebook saying they will help their students understand the importance of speaking up against white supremacists and the hate they stand for. One of my favorite posts was written by Love, Teach which said, “#1 teaching objective in my class this year: Love is louder than hate, but only if we choose to open our mouths. Clearly, the rest of my curriculum can wait.” I have also seen teachers post the importance of using specific vocabulary when describing the events of Charlottesville, like this, by Digital Divide & Conquer. Teachers can talk about this every day in their classroom, but we all know students learn much better through engaging lessons. I love using books to teach students important lessons because kids can develop a strong connection to the characters of an awesome book. Once that connection is made, the lesson you’re trying to teach can be learned much more effectively. Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry is an excellent book you can use to teach your students about the hatred that white supremacists stand for and the importance of speaking up for people who are oppressed. The book is set in Mississippi in the 1930s, but it’s important that students realize there are still many people who act like the hateful, racist people they read about in the book. Curriculum often implies that racism is something that happened a long time ago. Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry teaches students what it’s like for a black family to constantly be affected by hateful things racist people do. It’s up to teachers to ensure their students realize this sort of hatred still exists. Brief Synopsis of the Book The main character is a young girl named Cassie. She lives with her three brothers, mother, father, and grandmother. They are very proud of the fact that they own land. Cassie’s parents simply want to enjoy their land and take care of their children. Unfortunately, they constantly hear stories of white people doing horrible things to black people they know. This causes a lot of tension for the family throughout the book. By the end of the story, the violence hits close to home for Cassie, whose father is forced to make a drastic decision in order to keep people safe. Several events in this book are powerful teaching tools to help students understand the importance of speaking out against racism. Cassie’s family is amazing. Your students will develop a strong connection with them. Cassie experiences many things your students can relate to. She argues with her siblings, but will do anything to protect them. She has to help with lots of chores at home, but she loves her family deeply. She has some difficulties at school, but she wants to get a good education. It’s impossible for the reader to dislike Cassie’s family. Since your students will develop a connection to Cassie and her family, your students will also feel the tension of the violence and racism that occurs in the book. (Sadly, you may have students who can relate to it.) While this may make students uncomfortable, it opens the door for many teachable moments. For example: Event #1: Early in the book, when Cassie and her siblings are walking to school, a white bus driver swerves toward them and forces them to jump off the road into a muddy ditch to avoid being hit. Your students need to realize there are still white people who would like to do this to black children. Also, that bus was full of white students. Ask your students what they would do if they witnessed something similar today. Hopefully, they would tell their parents to call a school official and get that bus driver fired. Teach students that someone on that bus should have spoken up against the bus driver for what he did to Cassie and her siblings. Students must realize this is NOT Cassie’s responsibility. Event #2: In chapter five, Cassie helps her grandmother sell milk and eggs at a town market. Cassie is angry because they have to set up their stand at the back of the market. Only white people can sell at the front. Even though Cassie is angry about this unfair rule, she knows she can’t say anything because someone would hurt her. Your students need to realize there are still ways that black people are not given the same chances as white people to succeed. Also, discuss with your students how amazing it would have been for some white people at the market to speak up and say that black people should not be forced to the back. That’s a theme that keeps occurring throughout the book. Terrible things happen to black people, but Cassie’s parents feel like saying something will only put their family in danger. Emphasize the importance of speaking up for people who are the victims of racism. Be sure your students understand things like this happen today. Again, that won’t come as a shock to some of your students. Event #3: A white girl yells at Cassie for accidentally bumping into her at the market. The white girl then says horrible things to Cassie. The girl’s dad grabs Cassie’s arm and starts yelling at her too. As a crowd starts to gather, Cassie’s grandmother is terrified that things could soon become violent, so she tells Cassie to apologize to the girl. Cassie is furious that her grandmother made her apologize. When Cassie gets home and tells her mother about it in chapter six, her mother says, “Baby, you had to grow up a little today. I wish…well, no matter what I wish. It happened and you have to accept the fact that in the world outside this house, things are not always as we would have them to be.” The conversation continues for several pages. Some of your students probably haven’t been forced to have conversations like this with their parents. It’s important these students realize that many kids today, including some of their classmates, are forced to have difficult conversations similar to this with their parents. Based on the Facebook posts I’ve read about conversations black parents must have with their children, too many kids today are forced to “grow up” far too soon. There are several other events where racist white people do horrible things to the black characters in the story. Students need to understand that these kinds of things still happen. It’s also important for students to think about what they’d do if they witnessed something like that. If you need more resources to teach Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry, I have created writing prompts and quizzes that are available in my TpT store. Click here to learn more. If you’re looking for more lesson ideas, here are some websites and blog posts that may help. Their website states, “From film kits and lesson plans to the building blocks of a customized Learning Plan—texts, student tasks and teaching strategies—our resources will help you bring relevance, rigor and social emotional learning into your classroom—all for FREE.” In addition to resources, this blog post offers helpful advice for teachers who are planning lessons about social justice. This PDF gives short descriptions of numerous books sorted by early learning grades, elementary, middle school, and high school. You can definitely find an awesome book to read on this list. Words can’t express how grateful I am for all that you do for your students. Teaching becomes a more important profession every day. I hope this blog post has given you a few ideas that will help your students understand the importance of speaking up against hateful people.

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A mass of rock or soil moving down a slope is known as a landslide. A similar event involving snow is called an avalanche. Landslides differ in their type, speed, extent, and destructiveness. In some types, such as a rockfall, the material separates from the slope and falls rapidly. In a mudflow or debris flow, loose soil, rock fragments (known as debris), or volcanic ash becomes saturated with water and suddenly pours downslope like a fluid, often very fast. Such flows can rush down a mountainside at speeds as great as 200 miles (320 kilometers) per hour, but most flow at about 30–50 miles (50–80 kilometers) per hour. In some other kinds of landslides, the material shifts down at a moderate or slow speed, sometimes even creeping imperceptibly for years. The volume of material moved in a landslide varies. The largest recorded landslide, which was caused by the eruption of Mount St. Helens in the U.S. state of Washington in 1980, displaced some 3.7 billion cubic yards (2.8 billion cubic meters) of material. Although some landslides can be relatively harmless, a single catastrophic landslide can kill thousands of people or cause millions of dollars in damage. A landslide can bury or sweep away everything in its path, destroying entire villages. A mudflow or debris flow can move trees, huge boulders, automobiles, and buildings, and it can suddenly block the flow of a river with soil or other material and cause extensive flooding. Landslides occur when the rock, earth, or other material on a slope becomes too weak to resist the force of gravity. Often, this results from the slope’s having become too steep. Human modification of the landscape and erosion by water—such as from rain, melting snow, rivers, ocean waves, or rising groundwater—can steepen the slope. Intense rainfall and flooding can also loosen the surface material and overload the slope, initiating a landslide. Heavy or sustained rainfall or rapidly melting snow and ice can cause a mudflow. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and human activities such as excavation or changing water-drainage patterns can also cause a landslide. An underwater earthquake can trigger an underwater, or submarine, landslide, which in turn can set off a tsunami. Wildfires can create conditions favorable to landslides, in part by destroying the vegetation that had anchored the soil on a slope.

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Anxiety in preschoolers is important for parents. Managing anxiety in under fives depends very much on their ability to verbalize. If their vocabulary isn’t large it’s important to attend to their body language. Here are some tips for managing anxiety in infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Infancy from birth to age one is a wonderful time for rapid growth. Only you know your baby’s ways of communicating as you get to know him or her. She communicates by crying, turning her body this way and that, facial expressions, wiggling her toes, turning her head away from you or towards you, and many more gestures that only you pick up so frequently. Babies do get anxious from time to time depending on their temperaments. Some get jostled by loud noises, others crave the loud stimulation. Some get thrown by crowds of people, others love the array of people around them. Only you know the best atmospheres that they are comfortable in. If their pattern changes, you can suspect or at least wonder if they feel anxious or in distress. Always begin with a physical assessment by your pediatrician. If everything is fine, then consider signs of anxiety like a quiet baby crying excessively for long periods of time or a good sleeper waking up frequently during the night and having restless naps. Or, the reverse, an active baby showing signs of lethargy for example. You’re looking to find out how well your baby can shut out disturbing stimuli such as loud noises, transitions to different locations, being held by people they do or do not know, being away from you for long periods of time. The hypersensitive infant cannot shut out stimuli and must respond over and over. They will need a very protected environment similar to those needed for premature infants. Undress this baby gently, observing his reactions to being handled. Some easily irritable newborns are recovering from maternal medications, alcohol, or exposure to narcotics during pregnancy. With narcotics, they may experience a period of withdrawal. A sleepy baby may not be able to coordinate his sucking if he is anxious and will need to be roused before he gets started. After the parent awakens him, the infant will need to be soothed into a calm and focused state. Sensitive babies in general get agitated more easily than resilient ones, so keep an eye on your baby’s pattern of reacting. Other recommendations for anxious babies include the following: - If the baby awakens frequently when she’s been a good sleeper, rock her gently and sing quietly. She is accustomed to her mother’s voice from when she was in utero. This is comforting. - If the mother is nervous, have the father speak in his lower voice tone which is often soothing. - If a parent is anxious, the baby will absorb that anxiety. So, calm yourself before holding the baby and allow each other to soothe one another in a gentle, rocking motion. - If your baby turns away from you when you are playing, do not chase him with your face or eyes. Let him have his space. If you do not, you may enter into an activity called chase and dodge, where the baby gets increasingly anxious by your over attention. - Look for environmental triggers to anxiety such as unexpected noises or movements around the baby. Remove the baby from that area and slowly pat her gently until she is calm. - If the baby is traumatized by the loss of her primary caretaker or the mother has postpartum depression and does not want to care for her infant, make sure one substitute person becomes the caretaker for the baby to get attached to. - If early day care is needed, again make sure the baby is attached to one primary caretaker rather than random childminders who go on shifts. Once your baby is walking, usually about at 1 year, they begin to toddle. Opening cabinets, searching all over the house, discovering what makes their world tick. It’s a fun time for most but some do bear anxiety. Look for changes in their patterns of eating, sleeping, and playing for changes from their usual routines to indicate they may be feeling some distress. Object permanence typically starts to develop between ages 4-7 months and involves the baby understanding that when things disappear, they aren’t gone forever. However, it may take your toddler longer to be convinced that when you are not around, you still can be found, or will return home. Some toddlers experience separation anxiety until they have this concept down pat. They may cling when you go out or even cry. Soothe them gently telling them when you will be home in a way they can understand because they can’t tell time. (“I’ll be home for the cartoon show. We’ll watch it together.”) Toddlers with anxiety often are clingy and emotional. There may be environmental causes such as changes in day care, new activities to transition to, and losses that are traumatic. Always soothe your toddler; don’t let her wander aimlessly around sadly on her own. Explain what you can to help her shoulder and adjust to any changes. Explanations may go on deaf ears if they are over her head, but your warm tones will comfort her. Typically, nine months is normal stranger anxiety, but it may last a bit longer. Monitor your toddlers reaction to strangers and don’t push the hypersensitive toddlers to go to people they don’t know during this transition. Ages 3-4 are generally when kids start preschool. They may be excited to be part of school life, or they may feel afraid to meet this new adventure. Visit the school several times to help your child get acclimated to the building and the teachers. Tell her what she will be doing and offer to show her around the classroom. If she can form a warm attachment to at least one teacher who will greet her the first day this can go a long way in an easier adjustment. If you’re child shows separation anxiety at 3 you might want to wait until 4 if it’s extreme. Playdates at age 3 can fulfill the socialization needs and you can provide craft materials and other play things to fill in the gap. Play at preschool is more important than just rote learning the A,B,C’s. Children need to learn to share, to sit in circle time, and begin to love to be read to (which hopefully has been going on at home for some time.) If separation anxiety seems manageable and the preschool allows it, stay in the room the first few days for a few minutes or so while your child becomes involved in playing. Do not disappear when you leave even if your child is tearful. It’s best to say when they will be picked up and by whom, so they know they aren’t forgotten. If they are crying, have the best attachment figure in the room be by their side and have the teacher call you after about an hour to tell you how things are going. Give your child time to adjust. For some it takes several weeks. School should be a happy time. If it’s not, find out why by consulting with the teacher and rethinking your routine so it’s not overwhelming but easy to manage. Your child will pick up on your anxiety, so learn to understand your worries as well and resolve them because your nervousness will be contagious to your child. Children this age don’t generally say when they are worried, but they may say they are sad. Listen attentively to this expression and try to find out what they are concerned about. Take them seriously and give them your time and calm responses to their questions. Some children on the cusp of three, depending on their birthdays, are better off waiting 6 months or so before beginning preschool so it’s a positive experience. Usually if the household is calm when they begin school, and routines are set for awakening, eating a good breakfast, and time to chat, going to school is a pleasurable experience. There will be some days your child needs a hang out at home time, consider this normal if it’s not prolonged. You are still their principal person that they trust. If they see you trust the teachers, they will, too. Also, have play dates with some of the kids in their class to build some relationships.

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Let me show you the details about the most densely populated borough in New York City on Facts about Manhattan. The historical birthplace of New York City is located in Manhattan. Moreover, it also obtains the status as the administrative and economic center. Manhattan Island occupies most areas in the borough. Do you know that United Nations Headquarters are located in Manhattan? The borough also earns the status as the financial capital and cultural capital of the world. Facts about Manhattan 1: finance and economy The economy of Manhattan is superb. It becomes the global financial center. The most powerful city in term of economy is located in New York City. Facts about Manhattan 2: stock exchange The two major stock exchanges housed in Manhattan are NASDAQ and New York Stock Exchange. Facts about Manhattan 3: the real estate business The real estate business in Manhattan is super expensive due to its importance. In 2013, the real estate in Manhattan Island reached US$3 trillion. Facts about Manhattan 4: the property sale In 2017, the price of residential property reached US$1,400 per sq ft in Manhattan. The highest retail rents in the world are recorded in the Fifth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan. It is valued at US$3,000 per sq ft. Related Article: 10 Facts about Lapland Facts about Manhattan 5: population According to estimation in 2015, Manhattan was a home for 1,644,518 people. Facts about Manhattan 6: commuters Manhattan is settled by more than 3.9 million people during the business days. Most of them are commuters to reach the city for business affairs or work. Check Also: 10 Facts about Manchuria Facts about Manhattan 7: tourists Tourism is also excellent in Manhattan. In 2015, it was visited by 60 million tourists due to its impressive landmarks and districts. The three major attractions in Manhattan include Grand Central Terminal, Central Park and Times Square. Facts about Manhattan 8: the amazing landmarks and buildings The people who come to Manhattan are impressive with amazing buildings and landmarks. You will spot one of the world’s tallest skyscrapers here such as Empire State Building. It is also a home of the Brooklyn Bridge. The famous park visited by the people is Central Park. Facts about Manhattan 9: education Manhattan is also a home to a number of educational institutions such as Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York University, and Columbia University. Read Also: 10 Facts about Macau Facts about Manhattan 10: climate The humid subtropical condition defines the climate of Columbia University. re you well informed after reading facts about Manhattan?

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Microbial Biosynthesis Produces Unique Flavonoids, Chalcones and Stilbenes Used in Nutraceuticals Chalcones, Flavonoids and Stilbenes from Lignin Using Microbial Biosynthesis Microbial biosynthesis of chalcones, stilbenes and flavonoids in engineered microbes offers a production route with greater selectivity and purity than current methods that rely on chemical extraction from plants. In addition, the feedstock for microbial biosynthesis (phenylpropionic acid) can be derived from lignin, an inexpensive agricultural byproduct. Microbial biosynthesis of flavonoids and stilbenes also allows for production of novel compounds that aren’t found in nature, either through pathway evolution and extension with additional modifying enzymes, altering the media feed stream, or using fermentation to create intermediates for additional chemical modifications. |MN-IP Try and Buy Microbial Biosynthesis Produces Chalcones, Flavonoids and Stilbenes Without Production of Cinnamic Acid A genetically engineered microbe has been produced that uses a biological pathway for producing chalcones, flavonoids and stilbenes. This pathway bypasses the bottleneck of producing the precursor cinnamic acid, which improves the yield. The use of engineered biosynthetic pathways allows the synthesis of chemical structures that cannot be readily obtained in high yields by chemical synthesis. Flavonoids and Stilbenes Are Used in the Nutraceutical Field The most visible application of this technology is in the nutraceutical field, particularly in the production of Resveratrol, the antioxidant in red wine responsible for heart health benefits, as well as Piceatannol, Naringenin, Eriodictyol (cancer prevention antioxidants). FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF THE MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF CHALCONES, FLAVONOIDS & STILBENES: - Allows high-yield production of chalcone and flavonoid structures - Opportunity to be labeled 100% natural and high-purity compared with natural extracted flavonoids and stilbenes - Applications in nutraceuticals, particularly Resveratol, the antioxidant found in red wine - Biosynthesis in microbes allows manufacturing of flavonoids and stilbenes that aren’t found in nature - Feedstock for microbial biosynthesis can be derived from lignin Phase of Development E. coli strains have been used for laboratory production and have produced up to 100 mg/L. University strains or a licensee’s host strains can now be used for scale-up to commercial production levels. Researchers: Claudia Schmidt-Dannert, PhD Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, College of Biological Sciences

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Did you know that dishwasher detergents are a leading cause of childhood poisoning in America? This is because ingestion of dishwashing detergents, particularly automatic dishwashing detergents is incredibly toxic due to the high concentration of the caustic chemicals. Why Automatic Dishwashing Detergents (ADDs) Are So Toxic Most of the ingredients are carcinogens, endocrine disruptors, and neurotoxins. The chemicals in most conventional dishwasher detergents can cause inflammation, hormonal imbalance, brain fog, immune health issues, brain damage, mental issues, reproductive and fertility issues, and more. Per Poison Control: “The same ingredients that make ADDs so effective against fats, proteins, and other types of food grime also make them dangerous if they are swallowed, inhaled, or come into contact with eyes or skin. These special qualities of ADDs make them strong irritants capable of causing chemical burns. Whether someone swallows some ADD, gets it on their skin or eyes, or inhales it, the resulting effects depend on three important factors: the product itself, the amount, and the duration of exposure.” Residue from detergents left on dishes could harm gut health Studies have found that residue from dishwashing detergents are left over after washing and can enter your body with your next meal. If a dishwashing tablet can dissolve heavy grease and grime from your dishes , imagine what this leftover residue can do to the delicate lining of your gut. Most Brands Contain Sulphuric Acid This chemical is used in dishwashing gel and dishwasher detergent. It is carcinogenic and can cause burns upon contact with the skin. Moreover, it is mainly known to cause laryngeal cancer, nasal sinus cancer, and pneumonitis. Other Toxic Ingredients Include: Cocamide DEA: Might cause cancer, and aquatic toxicity. DMDM Hydantoin: Irritation of the skin, eyes, or lungs. Ethanolamine: A CORROSIVE CHEMICAL and contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes with possible eye damage Formaldehyde: Concerns include cancer, general systemic/organ effects, respiratory effects, skin irritation/allergies/damage, acute aquatic toxicity. Fragrance: Artificial fragrances can contain hundreds, even thousands of chemicals, including phthalates. Since fragrances are protected as a trade secret, the full ingredients do not have to be listed on the label. Methylisothiazolinone: Moderately to highly acutely toxic in oral, dermal, eye irritation, dermal irritation, and inhalation acute toxicity studies. Propylene Glycol: Exposure can cause headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, and passing out. Can cause liver abnormalities and kidney damage. Sodium Borate: Exposure can cause headache, dizziness, weakness, tremors, lightheadedness and passing out. Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate known to cause skin irritation. By switching to a more natural dishwasher detergent, you’ll reduce the number of highly toxic chemicals in your life and home. This is what I use

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Picture this: you're cozy in your favorite blanket fort, surrounded by the comforting embrace of four walls. But hold on a second, have you ever considered what's floating around in the air you're breathing? Dust bunnies, pet dander, and who knows what else? But don’t be afraid. In this guide, we’ll uncover the secrets of breathing clean and healthy air as we venture into a world where allergies are banished, odors are vanquished, and your lungs rejoice with each exhilarating inhale. So, let's dive into this journey odyssey of all things related to indoor air quality. Understanding Indoor Air Quality: What You Need to Know Indoor air quality (IAQ) refers to the condition of the air within buildings and structures, and it has a direct impact on our health and well-being. Poor IAQ can result in a range of discomforts, from itchy eyes and coughs to more serious respiratory issues. To truly understand IAQ, let's delve into its factors and the potential implications they have on our lives. It’s worth noting that IAQ is influenced by a variety of factors: - Insufficient ventilation can trap pollutants indoors, leading to a build-up of harmful substances. - Temperature and humidity levels that are too high or too low can create conditions that promote the growth of mold and mildew. - Indoor air pollutants can arise from various sources, such as cleaning products, building materials, tobacco smoke, pet dander, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by furniture and household items. To assess and improve IAQ, it's essential to monitor these factors and take proactive steps toward creating a healthier indoor environment. By understanding the elements that contribute to poor IAQ, you can make informed decisions to ensure the air you breathe is clean and revitalizing. Identifying Common Indoor Air Pollutants Now, let's unmask the culprits behind indoor air pollution. They lurk in the shadows, silently affecting our well-being. By identifying these common indoor air pollutants, we can better understand their sources and devise strategies to combat them effectively. Some of these pollutants are: - Volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These are chemicals emitted by various products and materials, such as cleaning solutions, paints, adhesives, and furniture. VOCs can have short- and long-term health effects, including respiratory irritation, headaches, and even damage to the liver, kidney, and central nervous system. - Formaldehyde. This is a colorless gas with a pungent odor released from building materials, including plywood, particleboard, and insulation. Prolonged exposure to formaldehyde can lead to eye, nose, and throat irritation, as well as respiratory issues. - Tobacco smoke. It contains thousands of chemicals, including harmful carcinogens. Breathing in secondhand smoke can increase the risk of respiratory infections, asthma, and even lung cancer. - Dust mites. These are microscopic creatures that thrive in warm and humid environments. Their droppings and decaying bodies can trigger allergic reactions, causing symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes. - Pet dander. The tiny flakes of skin shed by animals can be another source of indoor air pollutants. Pet dander can trigger allergies in sensitive individuals, leading to respiratory distress and discomfort. - Mold and mildew. They thrive in damp environments and can release spores into the air. Inhalation of these spores can cause allergic reactions and respiratory issues. Also, they can worsen existing conditions such as asthma. - Radon gas. This radioactive gas is an invisible and odorless threat that can seep into homes from the ground. Prolonged exposure to high levels of radon can increase the risk of lung cancer. This is where professional radon detectors play a crucial role in detecting and mitigating this hidden danger. Strategies to Improve Indoor Air Quality If you're worried about your indoor air quality, we've got your back Now, it's time to get into some strategies to improve the IAQ in your home: - Keep it clean: Engage in a playful cleaning spree to banish those invisible troublemakers. Regularly dust surfaces, vacuum carpets, and mop floors to reduce the accumulation of dust, allergens, and other pollutants. Don't forget to clean your air conditioning and heating systems to prevent the circulation of contaminated air. - Ventilation is key: Proper airflow and ventilation play a crucial role in maintaining excellent indoor air quality. Open those windows wide when the weather allows, inviting the fresh breezes to dance through your home. In areas where outdoor air quality is a concern, exhaust fans and air purifiers with playful filters can be your trusted sidekicks. - Embrace nature: Indoor plants not only add a touch of greenery and beauty to your space but can also help purify the air. Plants such as spider plants, peace lilies, and aloevera are known for their air-cleansing properties. These playful green companions absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen while filtering out harmful toxins, contributing to a healthier and more refreshing indoor environment. - Say no to smoking: If you're a smoker, consider quitting for the sake of your health and IAQ. Smoking indoors releases harmful chemicals into the air and leaves behind a residue that can linger for long periods. Additionally, exposure to secondhand smoke is equally detrimental to the health of non-smokers. Embrace the fresh air outside and create a smoke-free environment indoors. - Choose cleaning products wisely: Many conventional cleaning products contain harsh chemicals that can contribute to poor IAQ. Opt for playful, eco-friendly alternatives that are free from toxic ingredients. Look for products labeled as "green," "natural," or "eco-friendly." Better yet, you can make your cleaning solutions using simple ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and lemon juice. These are not only clean effectively but also minimize the release of harmful chemicals into the air. - Keep humidity in check: Excessive moisture in the air can create an environment favorable for the growth of mold and mildew. Use dehumidifiers in areas prone to high humidity, such as basements and bathrooms. Additionally, promptly address any leaks or water damage to prevent the formation of moisture-related issues that can compromise your IAQ. Tips for Proper Ventilation Ventilation, the superhero of IAQ, swoops in to save the day. Proper airflow and ventilation play a crucial role in maintaining excellent indoor air quality. So, throw open those windows, let the breeze caress your space, and bid adieu to stuffiness. But wait, there's more to proper ventilation than just letting fresh air in. Let's explore some tips to maximize the benefits of ventilation: - Timing it properly: Choose the appropriate time to ventilate your space. Mornings and evenings often have cooler temperatures and fresher air. Avoid opening windows during peak traffic hours when outdoor air pollution may be at its highest. - Cross ventilation: Take advantage of natural breezes by strategically opening windows and doors on opposite sides of your space. This allows for cross ventilation, facilitating the movement of air and reducing stagnant pockets of pollutants. - Exhaust fans: Proper ventilation in kitchens and bathrooms is essential to remove excess moisture and odors. Use exhaust fans or range hoods to vent the air outdoors. Ensure these fans are clean and functioning optimally to maintain their effectiveness. - Window screens: Installing window screens not only keeps bugs out but also allows for ventilation while minimizing the entry of outdoor pollutants, pollen, and insects. - Air purifiers and filters: Consider using air purifiers or ventilation systems equipped with filters that capture airborne particles, allergens, and pollutants. Look for playful filters that come in fun colors or patterns to add a touch of whimsy to your space. The Importance of Regular Cleaning and Maintenance Maintaining a healthy indoor environment requires more than just a playful cleaning spree. Regular cleaning and maintenance routines are essential to keep your space free from pollutants, dust, and other allergens. Let's dive into some detailed tips to dust off the troubles and breathe cleaner air: - Dusting surfaces: Regularly dusting surfaces helps remove accumulated dust, pollen, pet dander, and other pollutants. Use playful, microfiber dusting tools or soft cloths to minimize the spread of dust particles. Don't forget to dust hard-to-reach areas like ceiling fans, light fixtures, and shelves. - Vacuuming and mopping: Vacuum carpets, rugs, and upholstery regularly to remove dust mites, pet dander, and allergens. Choose vacuums with HEPA filters that trap smaller particles, ensuring they don't get released back into the air. For hard floors, damp mop using non-toxic cleaners to capture dust and allergens effectively. - Cleaning air conditioning and heating systems: Regularly clean and maintain your HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems to ensure optimal performance and healthy IAQ. Clean or replace filters according to the manufacturer's recommendations, as clogged filters can impede airflow and allow pollutants to recirculate. - Addressing water leaks and moisture issues: Moisture can lead to mold and mildew growth, compromising IAQ. Promptly address any water leaks, plumbing issues, or excessive humidity in your space. Repair leaks, improve ventilation, and consider using dehumidifiers in areas prone to moisture problems. - Upholstery and bedding: Clean upholstery, curtains, and bedding regularly to eliminate dust mites, pollen, and other allergens. Wash bedding in hot water to kill dust mites and remove allergens effectively. - Decluttering: Keep your space clutter-free to minimize the accumulation of dust and other pollutants. Regularly remove unnecessary items and organize your belongings to create a cleaner and healthier environment. The Role of Professional Radon Detectors As noted earlier, radon gas is an invisible threat that can seep into our homes from the ground, posing a serious risk to our health. This sneaky villain is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, and without proper detection, it can silently wreak havoc. For this reason, professional radon detectors have a key role when it comes to mitigating this hidden danger. Radon is a radioactive gas that occurs naturally in the soil. It can enter your home through cracks in the foundation, gaps in walls, or through the water supply. The presence of radon cannot be detected by our senses, which is why professional radon detectors are essential. These detectors are specialized devices designed to accurately measure radon levels in your home. They provide reliable data on radon concentrations, enabling you to assess the potential risks and take appropriate measures to mitigate radon exposure. To ensure accurate results, it's advisable to consult a qualified professional for radon testing. They will use sophisticated equipment and follow established protocols to conduct thorough testing. If elevated radon levels are detected, remediation methods, such as sealing cracks, installing ventilation systems, or utilizing radon mitigation techniques, can be implemented to reduce radon concentrations. By relying on professional radon detectors and seeking expert guidance, you can effectively unveil the invisible threat of radon gas and safeguard the health of yourself and your loved ones.

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It’s become a tradition for me to send this story out every Christmas. I hope you enjoy. When it started, World War I was predicted to last only a few weeks. (The same was true of the Civil War, by the way.) Instead, by December of 1914, WWI had already claimed nearly a million lives. In fact, over fifteen million died in a war that dragged on for four miserable years. But a remarkable thing happened on December 24, 1914. The front fell silent except for the singing of Silent Night. A truce! There are many examples of truces during wars, but none as famous as this one. The Christmas Truce of 1914. In the Ypres region of Belgium on Christmas Eve, guns stopped, leaving a deathly silence across the fields. Then suddenly the British watched in astonishment as Germans began to set tiny trees along their trench lines. Soon a familiar tune with unfamiliar words carried across No Man’s Land, the battered and desolate space between the enemies. Silent Night. Stille Nacht. Soon the British were singing along with the Germans. Soldiers on both sides crawled out of their trenches to meet in the middle and greet their enemy. hey exchanged cigarettes and souvenirs. Perhaps a drink or two. And they collected their dead and wounded, carrying them back to their respective sides. Peace for the day. nly one day because the next day they were back killing each other. Is there something wrong with this picture? The story of the Christmas Truce came to my attention after reading the non-fiction, To End All Wars: A Story of Loyalty and Rebellion, 1914-1918, by Adam Hochschild, an amazing story of WWI. I highly recommend. I’ll leave you with this thought. If Christmas can bring together mortal enemies for a day, why not for a week, a month, a year or longer? Or forever? I hope you click on the youtubes below. They will make you sad and happy but most of all hopeful. Wishing you a happy holiday and a prosperous and healthy New Year. Belleau Wood: Christmas Truce by Garth Brooks. https://www.google.com/search?gs_ssp=eJzj4tFP1zcsNM2qSq6sqDBg9JJMSs3JSU0sVSjPz09RSE8sKslQSCrKz88uBgAkiQ6Q&q=belleau+wood+garth+brooks&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS792US792&oq=belleau&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqDAgCEC4YQxiABBiKBTIGCAAQRRg5MhIIARAAGEMYgwEYsQMYgAQYigUyDAgCEC4YQxiABBiKBTIMCAMQABhDGIAEGIoFMgwIBBAAGBQYhwIYgAQyDAgFEAAYQxiABBiKBTIHCAYQABiABDIHCAcQABiABDIHCAgQABiABDIHCAkQABiABNIBCTU0NjZqMGoxNagCALACAA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:77524cce,vid:hc3BSQa6k7A,st:0 Christmas Truce 1914, Music with captions to tell the story. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsCpLMPI7IY As a writer of historical mysteries, I try to remain loyal to the details of the historical period I’m portraying. I use real settings with real characters, then insert fictitious characters with fictitious events to create the mystery. Staying true to the facts of the historical period is fairly straightforward . . . until those facts change. You may wonder how historical facts can change. After all, they happened in the past and they’ve been documented. But historical facts can be altered based on new research and evidence. So, what’s a writer to do? Case in point. My novel, Pure Lies, begins with a prologue in 1692, Salem, Massachusetts, where several witches are about to be hung. It was initially believed that they were hung from a tree atop Gallows Hill. In the last few weeks, we’ve come to learn that the hangings took place, not at the top of the hill, but at the bottom, on something called Proctor’s Ledge. Oh well, you think. Top, bottom, so what? Proctor’s Ledge is now the site of a Walgreens pharmacy. (Methinks there’s marketing opportunity here at Halloween!) Interestingly enough, this actual site was pinpointed nearly a century ago, but research was lost to time and replaced by legends and misconceptions. Eventually the top of Gallows Hill became the “factual place of the hangings.” If I had known, might I have written the hangings onto the Ledge? Maybe. The location is not nearly as literarily romantic as the hanging tree at the top of Gallows Hill. There have been other examples of history changing over time. For centuries we believed Pluto to be our outermost planet. Now it’s been downgraded to a dwarf planet and is one of 40 other dwarf planets. A bit of a disappointment for Planet 9. One transformation that particularly bothered me was the reclassification of the most iconic of dinosaurs, the Brontosaurus, or “thunder lizard.” Since 1903, the scientific community has believed that the genus Brontosaurus was really the Apatosaurus. Now, after serious research, paleontologists provide conclusive evidence that the Brontosaurus is distinct from the Apatosaurus and has been reinstated as its own unique genus. Yippee! And then there’s the case of the 15th century king, Richard III, whose portrayal in both English history and English literature has created ongoing debate. It was long thought that he died in ignominy and was buried in a crude grave in an unknown location. However, in 2012, archaeologists discovered his remains under a parking lot (not a Walgreens) and through forensic analysis learned that he suffered 11 injuries at or near the time of his death, indicating he died in battle. More to come, no doubt, as further analysis is done. History is a dynamic and ever-changing discipline. As a novelist, fortunately, I can invoke artistic license and save myself the trouble of re-writing my books to conform to changing history. Whew. When history evolves . . . what’s a writer to do? 158 years ago in July, the brutal battle at Gettysburg was fought. In only three days, 51,000 men were killed, wounded or gone missing; 5,000 horses were slaughtered on the battlefield. I visited Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, to gather details for my book, Time Exposure. I roamed the sites of its bloody history, Cemetery Ridge, Devils Den, Big Round Top, Little Round Top. The excursion provided me with background elements to set the scene. But it also elicited dark, yet poignant emotions to help me paint the picture of the grim aftermath. I used the technique of letters and diary entries to bring out the human side of the Civil War. I excerpt here a letter from my fictional Civil War photographer, Joseph Thornhill, to the love of his life, Sara Kelly. All other characters and events are real history. This letter might well have been written at the time. July 3, 1863 My Dearest Sara, I felt I had to write you today, after three of the bloodiest days I have ever witnessed. I must get it off my mind, and I might not even post this letter, lest you be terribly offended. But I feel I must unburden myself somehow. Rumors have it that General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia suffered great losses, maybe one third of their forces dead, wounded or captured. The Union Army is said to have lost a good deal, maybe one quarter of their troops, but it is safe to say we won the battle of Gettysburg. Lee’s army is retreating back to the South and Mead’s men are elated. Finally, victory, and an important one. It is sad to think that this particular battle may have been fought over something as simple as shoes. There was rumored to be a large supply of shoes in the town of Gettysburg and on July 1 an officer under Ewell’s command led his men there to confiscate these shoes. Unfortunately for them, they ran into the Union Army. I was slightly wounded today, some shrapnel lacerating my arm. But don’t worry. The doctors have bandaged me up and say I will be fine, no permanent damage, and I take a bit of laudanum for the pain. Luckily my camera, which was caught in the crossfire suffered no harm. I must admit that until now I had no real concept of the power our modern weaponry wields. The force of the injury knocked me clean off my feet. I think this experience will prove useful to me in my work. The wound has not stopped me from working, however, although it is a bit difficult with one arm in a brace. I rely on my apprentice more. I’ve been busy photographing the town and its people. Now I’ll begin, once again, to shoot the battlefield remains. I am steeling myself to this task slowly, but have not made much progress. Both Alex and Tim O’Sullivan–you remember, I mentioned this fine young man and competent photographer to you–will arrive in the next few days. I look forward to working with them. Now, other gruesome scenes await my camera. Embalming surgeons, as they call themselves, have arrived. Although many of the dead soldiers are hastily buried where they fall, many end up in mass graves. Some are later exhumed and buried in military cemeteries, whether they’ve been identified or not– often with the headstone reading only: “A Union Soldier” or “A Confederate Soldier.” It is hard to imagine–dying in the name of one’s country but that country not even knowing your name. On a lighter note, I have also photographed some of the Union soldiers and officers after the final skirmish, and they were truly in high spirits–dirty, sweaty, exhausted, some wounded, but all euphoric. There was optimism in the air and hope, hope that this war would soon end. But for now we must deal with the brutal aftermath of this battle. Hospital tents crowd the countryside and the small population of Gettysburg is inundated with the sick and wounded. I doubt this town will ever be the same. Tomorrow is July 4. I wonder if anyone, in the midst of all this furor, will appreciate the irony that this day marks the eighty-seventh year of our nation’s birth. I miss you, my dearest, and long to see you this Christmas. You are always in my thoughts as I pray I am in yours. Yours ever truly, While letter or diary writing is a device to take the reader back in time, it is an opportunity for the writer to truly bring the past alive. All ideas welcome. Writing historical mysteries is a juggling act. Writers must create a fictional plot with fictional characters around a historical time period with real people. . . and somehow suspend the readers’ disbelief. Many writers of historical fiction choose a particular time period and stay with it. I’m thinking Anne Perry, Phillipa Gregory, Charles Todd. I, on the other hand, am intrigued by so many time periods, I skip around. Each of my mysteries takes place in a different place and time, which enables me to do the thing I love most: research. The risk, of course, is that I will know only a little about each time period as opposed to Anne Perry who knows a great deal about Victorian England. Once I settle on a time period, I read and read and read about it. I visit the places in question, interview experts, historians, and read and read and read some more. By this time, I usually have a kernel of an idea for the plot and maybe even a character sketch or two. Building fictional characters around authentic ones is key. Unless your character is transported from modern times to the past, he/she must act, speak, dress like the time period. In using real people from the time period, they must be as genuine to history as I can make them. As the story develops and takes twists and turns on its own, I find I am bending the truth a bit–creating an “alternate history.” This is fiction, after all. For instance, my fifth book, Time Lapse, is a totally new take on the Jack the Ripper murders. Some think it’s an outlandish scenario, completely out of the realm of possibility, but since there have been hundreds of theories and books written on this serial killer, why not one more? The backdrop and many characters are authentic, but the storyline meanders considerably from what we know to be historically accurate. Still, Jack has never been caught. What if my resolution is. . . never mind. In fact, the questions I ask take the form of “what if” and I let my imagination run free. It’s a rare writer that can devise a plotline that hasn’t already been done. But even a clichéd plot can be made new and fresh with unusual twists, powerful characters and exceptional prose. When I penned the final touches on my fifth novel, I realized I was bending history to fit the story. That’s the advantage of fiction. And its strength. March 25, 2021, will commemorate the 110th anniversary of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire. The 1911 fire was the deadliest workplace disaster in NYC before 9-11. It was significant not because 146 workers died, but because it instigated significant reform. At the time workplace safety was barely regulated and rarely thought about . . . except, perhaps, by the workers themselves. Other workplace disasters had occurred in the past and would again in the future. You may remember a similar fire at a factory in Bangladesh several years ago. When I decided to write a mystery against the backdrop of the Triangle, I had no idea what I was in for. Research took me in several directions: the forensics of fire, the consequences of “defenestration,” that is, vertical falls from high places, the difficulty in identifying bodies falling from such heights, the safety hazards for garment workers, women’s rights, workers’ rights, changes in the American workplace. But I also researched the time and place of the disaster. 1911, Greenwich Village, New York City. A time when Ellis Island kept its arms open to immigrants from many countries — immigrants who came for a better life, but often wound up in sweatshops, or worse. A time of Tammany Hall and corruption. A time of women’s suppression. But also a time of new beginnings, hope, and freedom in a new land. I am a native New Yorker and was amazed at the fantastic bits of information I dug up. I learned, for instance, that Washington Square Park is built on what was once a potter’s field, where 100,000 people were buried for a century and a half. I walked the streets of Greenwich Village, saw the buildings my characters would have seen, drank in bars they patronized, and gazed up at the ninth story of the Asch Building (now part of NYU) to visualize the flames bursting through the windows and the workers leaping to their deaths. The cover of my book is a photo I took of the building in 2010, with smoke and color added for dramatic effect. For those of you who write about history, or simply enjoy reading it, I know you’ll agree that real-life events in the past make a grand backdrop for a fictional story. Murder, in particular. Mystery writers and readers have long been beguiled by Jack the Ripper. Numerous serial killers have upstaged the Ripper since his murders in 1888. From Peter Kurten, the “Dusseldorf Vampire,” who began murdering in 1913 and killed at least nine before surrendering . . . to Belle Gunness, who slayed more than 40 men by luring them to her farm through lovelorn notices . . . to Jeffrey Dahmer, who killed, dismembered, and cannibalized 17 men from 1978-1991 . . . to H. H. Holmes, one of the first American serial killers, featured in Erik Larson’s terrific book, The Devil in the White City, to Albert DeSalvo, who was, in 2013, finally proven by DNA to be the Boston Strangler. Thank you, forensic science! Still today Jack the Ripper holds us captivated and if one asks us to name infamous serial killers, his name will often be at the top of the list. When I started researching Jack I told myself the reason was timing. The characters in an earlier book would land nicely in the Victorian era some twenty years later. But that was only one reason for my interest in Jack. In truth, there were several motivations for pursuing him as an interesting subject. First, the ambience of the time and place in which he killed. There’s nothing like a foggy, damp, dreary night in Whitechapel, London, to set the stage for murder. Second, his Modus Operandi. He did not just kill his victims, all prostitutes apparently. He butchered them with ritualistic precision, leaving body parts exposed to the night. Third, Jack did his work so quickly and efficiently, no one chanced upon him during his grisly task, nor bump into him following the murders. No witnesses. Fourth, if the letters that the police received were authentic, Jack taunted them with his deeds. He made a mockery of their ineptitude, which gave the press a field day. Fifth, Jack the Ripper was never caught. There were a number of suspects, including the grandson of Queen Victoria. My other personal fascination with Jack and the time period centered around Sherlock Holmes, and his creator, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. I always wondered why Sherlock never solved the case. Hence, I did solve the case, with the help of Conan Doyle, and, jumping forward 120 years, the assistance of modern DNA technology, which zeroes in on Jack’s true identity. Add a little imagination. I mean, really, could there have been evidence remaining from one of the Ripper murders? In my award-winning mystery, Time Lapse, I resolve those questions. Are my solutions believable? Read it and let me know.

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2024-04-12T12:11:24Z

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Introduction / History Berbers are divided by subgroup, yet the generic term that they prefer is Imazighen, meaning, "Free men." Freedom and independence arehigh priorities of these people. They are much better known as Berbers, a term meaning "barbarians" slapped on them by the Roman Empire. Today the term Berber is so well-engrained that people seldom know who they are without using this derogatory term. Berbers are ethnically mixed with Arabs and spread over Morocco. One of their subgroups is the Warain tribe. What Are Their Lives Like? The Warain people in Morocco are in a state of transition. Their nomadic past is in jeopardy, but they do not have a clear path before them. What will be their livelihood in the future? They have their own Warain language, but most speak either Arabic or the widely spoken Central Atlas Tamazight language. What Are Their Beliefs? The Warain Berbers are Sunni Muslims who believe that the One, Supreme God, Allah, spoke through his prophet, Mohammed, and taught mankind how to live a righteous life through the Koran and the Hadith. To live a righteous life, you must utter the Shahada (a statement of faith), pray five times a day facing Mecca, fast from sunup to sundown during the month of Ramadan, give alms to the poor, and make a pilgrimage to Mecca if you have the means. Muslims are prohibited from drinking alcohol, eating pork, gambling, stealing, slandering, and making idols. They gather for corporate prayer on Friday afternoons at a mosque, their place of worship. The two main holidays for Sunni Muslims are Eid al Fitr, the breaking of the monthly fast and Eid al Adha, the celebration of Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son to Allah. Sunni religious practices are staid and simple. They believe that Allah has pre-determined our fates; they minimize free will. In most of the Muslim world, people depend on the spirit world for their daily needs since they regard Allah as too distant. Allah may determine their eternal salvation, but the spirits determine how well we live in our daily lives. For that reason, they must appease the spirits. They often use charms and amulets to help them with spiritual forces. What Are Their Needs? There are almost no Christ followers among the Warain Berbers, and no fellowships in their homeland. There are a few gospel materials, but they will need either a library or a computer to access them. Our miracle working God will need to make a way. Pray for the Lord to direct the Warain tribe in the way they should go in the 21st century. May they find their way towards economic and spiritual prosperity. Pray for the Lord to thrust out Holy Spirit directed workers to the Warain tribe in Morocco. Pray for a movement to Christ among Moroccan Berbers. Pray that Christ may dwell in their hearts through faith, blessing them in every way. Scripture Prayers for the Berber, Warain in Morocco.

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2024-04-12T12:43:47Z

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A team of experts dealing with horticulture, genealogy, and plant genetics has determined with evidence that citrus fruits, including ones such as oranges, limes, and lemons, originated in the region that's now known as Southern China. For now, we know that citrus fruits tend to grow in warm or tropical climates, with many of them produced via human cultivation. All the while, many people have suggested that these fruits might have originated in places such as Australia, the Himalayas, and maybe in some areas in China. In the team's study published in Nature Genetics, the researchers studied 314 citrus and citrus-related plants, while performing fieldwork in previously unverified locations where citrus plants were believed to exist. This approach enabled them to discover and categorize a substantial number of wild citrus species. After using the data gathered from all these sources, they constructed a family tree representing the evolutionary history of citrus fruits. Ultimately, their findings pointed to C. trifoliata as the oldest citrus species, dating back approximately eight million years, with its current habitat in southern China. This discovery suggests that the birthplace of citrus fruit may indeed be in southern China. Interestingly, team hypothesizes that citrus fruit species in China could have dispersed to what is now India during the collision of the Asian and Indian tectonic plates around 25 million years ago. And then these citrus species might have further spread to regions surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. As part of their research, the team identified the gene responsible for regulating citric acid levels in fruits, known as PH4. They observed that when this gene is activated, it triggers a proton pump mechanism that enhances citric acid production, consequently affecting the tartness of the fruit. Hey there! Here's what others are currently reading: Follow Mashable SEA on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. Cover image sourced from FirstCry and FreshPlaza.

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https://marioncma.org/science/27607/study-says-fruits-like-oranges-lemons-all-probably-originated-in-china

2024-04-12T10:36:28Z

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Supporting dyslexia in the maths classroom The conversation around dyslexia support often focuses on literacy — but learners with dyslexia can struggle with mathematics too. So how can you best support them in the maths classroom? As you start a new academic year and get to know the learners in your class, it’s possible that you will have one, two, or maybe three children who show some signs of dyslexia or have a dyslexia diagnosis. What are the challenges for learners with dyslexia in mathematics? Dyslexia is a lifelong condition that affects the skills involved in accurate and fluent word reading and spelling. Learners with dyslexia usually have difficulty developing literacy skills and, in many cases, they also find mathematics tricky. Between 60 and 90 percent of children with dyslexia have challenges with certain aspects of maths. It’s not surprising that if you have difficulties in deciphering written words, you’re also likely to have difficulty in learning the sets of facts, notation, and symbols used in mathematics. Some of the particular challenges they face include: - Grasping the underlying structure of the number system and understanding place value (often because of its abstract nature) - Counting forwards and backwards - Estimating and comparing numbers - Recognising number patterns, even when represented visually - Processing and memorising number bonds, multiplication tables and other sequences (often because of poor working memory) - Recalling units of measurement and telling the time - Using and understanding mathematical language - Remembering mathematical procedures and rules or building on known facts (they may know that 5 + 3 = 8, but not realise that 3 + 5 = 8) - Reading and processing mathematical word problems - Reversing or transposing numbers (reading or writing 12 as 21) How to support learners with dyslexia in the primary maths classroom So what are the most effective ways of supporting dyslexic learners so they can achieve success in maths? Many learners with dyslexia have strong visual and spatial reasoning skills. They tend to better understand maths concepts that are taught through manipulative or visual teaching strategies. Using lots of practical resources such as counters, bead strings, and multi-link cubes will be beneficial. Using teaching strategies like place value cards and grids helps develop an understanding of the value of digits. Playing cards, dice, and dominoes can be used for a whole variety of number games and reinforce the learning of visual number patterns. Learners could find it difficult to grasp the significance of number patterns within a completed 100 square or understand the interval-based structure of a number line. Spending more time on using the concrete versions of number representations can help. How the CPA approach can support learners with dyslexia If you use a Concrete, Pictorial, Abstract approach (CPA), it’s important to remember that some learners with dyslexia may benefit from spending longer on the concrete and pictorial stages before, or alongside, abstract representations. This helps secure their conceptual understanding. To support counting, provide opportunities for learners to count objects frequently — manipulating and moving them as they count rhythmically. Where possible, try linking maths to real-life contexts that are practical and meaningful for the learner. For instance, paying for shopping when teaching money. When introducing shapes, relate them to real objects — we all remember that a Toblerone is a triangular prism! How to teach new mathematical vocabulary Remember that maths has a language of its own and learning new mathematical vocabulary can be a challenge. Words like difference, multiply, and divide can be confusing as they mean different things in a maths context. Try pre-teaching new mathematical vocabulary so learners are familiar with it prior to the lesson. Give visual support for the vocabulary with a maths words mat or list. You can also include mathematical symbols alongside the words to reinforce the pictorial representation. Teaching an older child the root meanings of some maths words can support their understanding (e.g. tri = 3). When to support the working memory of learners with dyslexia Many learners with dyslexia will have poor working memory and may find processing and memorizing facts such as times tables tricky. Try to minimise the number of facts your learner needs to know by heart and let them jot down their thoughts and observations to support mental calculations. During a lesson, you can teach a variety of methods for calculation and give your learner the opportunity to decide which method is most suitable for them. When developing word problems, it’s helpful to use clear, unambiguous language and keep unnecessary information to a minimum to reduce cognitive load. Try representing the problem in images or ask an adult or peer to read the problem to them. Of course, it’s important to remember that each learner with dyslexic difficulties is unique and different approaches will work for different children. Even so, trying out these teaching strategies will be a good starting point for supporting them in the primary maths classroom. Did you know, the 7–13 October is Dyslexia Awareness Week? Share this post on social media using #dyslexiaawarenessweek or find out more at British Dyslexia Association. Browse by Topic Your Teaching Practice Boost your teaching confidence with the latest musings on pedagogy, classroom management, and teacher mental health. Maths Mastery Stories You’re part of a growing community. Get smart implementation advice and hear inspiring maths mastery stories from teachers just like you. Learn practical maths teaching tips and strategies you can use in your classroom right away — from teachers who’ve been there. Identify where your learners are at and where to take them next with expert assessment advice from seasoned educators. Help every learner succeed with strategies for managing behaviour, supporting mental health, and differentiating instruction for all attainment levels.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://mathsnoproblem.com/blog/learner-focus/supporting-dyslexia-maths-classroom

2024-04-12T11:51:28Z

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en

As the sun stretches its arms higher in the sky and the earth begins to thaw, there’s an undeniable sense of renewal in the air. Spring brings with it the promise of growth and the perfect opportunity to cultivate your own vegetable garden. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a novice ready to try out your green thumb, there’s no better time to dig into the soil and watch your efforts bloom. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the steps to kickstart your spring vegetable garden journey. Choosing the Right Spot: The first step in starting your spring vegetable garden is selecting the perfect spot. Most vegetables require ample sunlight, so look for a location in your yard that receives at least six to eight hours of direct sunlight per day. Raised garden beds are a great option if your soil quality is poor or if you have limited space. Selecting Your Vegetables: When it comes to choosing which vegetables to grow in your spring garden, the options are plentiful. Consider factors such as your climate, available space, and personal preferences. Cool-season crops like lettuce, spinach, peas, and radishes will last through the spring before dying off in the summer heat. Now is the time to get your warm-season vegetables established and growing, as the threat of frost has passed. Plants like tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, carrots, and squash are great options! Preparing the Soil: Healthy soil is the foundation of a thriving garden, so take the time to prepare your soil before planting. Begin by removing any weeds and debris from the area. Then loosen the soil with a garden fork or tiller to improve aeration and drainage. Incorporate organic matter such as compost or aged manure to enrich the soil with essential nutrients and improve its texture. Be sure to check that your irrigation system is in working condition. Time to Plant: Once your soil is prepared, it’s time to get your plants in the ground. If installing a pre-potted plant, dig your hole a little wider than the pot size but no deeper. Slicing the root ball of the plant before planting is a great way to encourage more root growth and strengthen the plant. Once planted, pack the removed soil tightly around the root ball and water it in well. Consider using companion planting techniques to maximize space and deter pests naturally. For example, planting basil alongside tomatoes can improve flavor and repel insects. What about Seeds: Growing plants from seeds is a lot of fun! Follow the instructions on the seed packets for proper planting depth and spacing and be sure to water gently after planting to ensure good seed-to-soil contact. Harvesting and Enjoying: Before you know it, your spring vegetable garden will be bursting with fresh produce ready for harvest. Harvesting times will vary depending on the type of vegetable, so refer to seed packets or gardening resources for guidance. There’s nothing quite like the satisfaction of picking your own homegrown vegetables from the vine and incorporating them into delicious meals for your family and friends to enjoy. Starting a spring vegetable garden is a rewarding endeavor that allows you to connect with nature, savor the freshest flavors, and nurture a sense of self-sufficiency. Whether you have acres of land or just a few pots on a balcony, there’s a garden waiting to be grown and we would love to be a part of your gardening endeavors. From custom-built garden beds, unique to your property and space, to updated irrigation systems, Mauri Landscapes is ready to assist you in your gardening adventures!

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https://maurilandscapes.com/a-beginners-guide-to-starting-your-spring-vegetable-garden/

2024-04-12T10:34:18Z

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Nurture groups provide an intervention that is safe, calm, predictable and purposeful for children with emotional stress and behaviour difficulties. Children learn social and emotional skills from nurturing adults who actively work toward successful reintegration. Nurture groups are founded on evidence-based practice and offer a short-term, inclusive, focused intervention that is successful in the long term. Children attend nurture groups but remain an active part of the class, spend appropriate times within the nurture group according to their need and typically return full time to their own class within two to four terms. Nurture groups assess learning and social and emotional needs and provide support to remove the barriers to learning.

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2024-04-12T10:15:43Z

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Seamus Heaney, the Nobel laureate and celebrated poet, left behind a rich legacy of verse that continues to captivate readers worldwide. In his final poem, he offers a poignant reflection on mortality and the enduring power of language. Titled “In Time,” this profound piece serves as both a contemplation on life’s transience and a testament to the timeless resonance of poetry. In this essay, we will delve into the thematic depth and linguistic richness of Heaney’s last poem, exploring its significance within the context of his oeuvre. At the heart of “In Time” lies an exploration of the passage of time and the inevitability of death. Heaney confronts mortality with characteristic lyricism, weaving together images of nature, memory, and language to evoke a sense of profound reflection. The poem opens with a meditative tone, as the speaker muses on the passing seasons: “Summer’s pleasures gone like yesterday’s echoes, / and the swallow’s promise withdrawn.” Heaney’s imagery draws heavily from the natural world, invoking symbols of growth and decay to underscore the cyclical nature of existence. The changing seasons become a metaphor for life’s ephemerality, as the speaker contemplates the fleeting beauty of youth and the relentless march of time. Yet, amid this contemplation of mortality, there is a sense of solace found in the enduring power of language. Central to “In Time” is Heaney’s exploration of the role of poetry in preserving memory and transcending the limitations of mortality. The poem becomes a testament to the enduring legacy of language, as the speaker reflects on the “words that should have lasted forever” and the ineffable beauty of the poetic voice. Heaney’s language is imbued with a sense of reverence for the written word, suggesting that through poetry, one can achieve a form of immortality. The title itself, “In Time,” carries multiple layers of meaning, suggesting both the temporal nature of existence and the timeless quality of art. Heaney seems to suggest that while life is finite, the echoes of our words and deeds reverberate through time, shaping the collective memory of humanity. In this sense, poetry becomes a form of transcendence, allowing the poet to confront mortality with grace and dignity. One of the most striking aspects of “In Time” is Heaney’s mastery of language and sound. His verse is marked by a rhythmic intensity, with each line carefully crafted to evoke a sense of musicality and resonance. The poem’s structure mirrors the cyclical rhythms of nature, with recurring motifs and refrains that echo throughout the text. This attention to form and rhythm serves to enhance the poem’s thematic depth, inviting readers to immerse themselves fully in its lyrical beauty. Heaney’s use of imagery is equally evocative, with vivid descriptions that bring the natural world to life on the page. From the “whispering grass” to the “rustling leaves,” each image is imbued with a sense of tactile immediacy, inviting readers to experience the world through the poet’s eyes. Through his precise attention to detail, Heaney creates a sense of intimacy and connection, drawing readers into his poetic universe. Yet, amid the beauty of the natural world, there is an undercurrent of melancholy that runs throughout the poem. Heaney’s language is tinged with a sense of loss and longing, as the speaker grapples with the passage of time and the inevitability of death. This tension between beauty and sorrow lies at the heart of “In Time,” underscoring the complex interplay between life and art. Ultimately, “In Time” stands as a fitting conclusion to Heaney’s illustrious career, encapsulating many of the themes and motifs that have defined his poetry. Through its rich imagery, lyrical beauty, and profound insight, the poem offers a poignant meditation on the human condition and the enduring power of language. As we reflect on Heaney’s final words, we are reminded of the timeless resonance of poetry and the enduring legacy of one of the greatest poets of our time.

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Bioengineers have used artificial intelligence to resurrect molecules from the past by identifying fragments of Neanderthal proteins that have the ability to fight bacteria. This groundbreaking study, published July 28 in the journal Cell Host & Microbe, may inspire new drugs to treat human infections, writes Nature. The researchers applied computational methods to data on the proteins of both modern humans (Homo sapiens) and our long-extinct relatives – Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) and Denisovans. This allowed them to identify molecules capable of killing disease-causing bacteria. “We’re motivated by the notion of bringing back molecules from the past to address problems that we have today,” says Cesar de la Fuente, a study co-author and bioengineer at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Antibiotic development has slowed over the past few decades, and most of the antibiotics prescribed today came on the market more than 30 years ago. As the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria increases, a new wave of treatments will soon be needed. Many organisms produce short protein subunits called peptides that have antimicrobial properties. Some of these antimicrobial peptides, mostly isolated from bacteria, are already used in clinical practice. Proteins of extinct species can become an untapped resource for the development of antibiotics. The researchers trained an artificial intelligence algorithm to recognize places on human proteins where they are known to be cleaved into peptides. They applied this algorithm to publicly available protein sequences of H. sapiens, H. neanderthalensis, and Denisovans. Using the properties of previously described antimicrobial peptides, they predicted which ones might kill bacteria. At the same time, finding and testing drug candidates with the help of AI takes only a few weeks, compared to three to six years using old methods to discover one new antibiotic. The researchers tested dozens of peptides to see if they could kill bacteria in a lab dish. They then selected six peptides – four from H. sapiens, one from H. neanderthalensis and one from Denisovans – and injected them into mice infected with the bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii, a common cause of infection in humans. All six peptides stopped the growth of A. baumannii in the thigh muscle, but none of them killed the bacteria. The five molecules killed bacteria growing in skin abscesses, but at “extremely high” doses, according to Nathanael Gray, a chemical biologist at Stanford University in California. Modifying the most successful molecules can create more effective versions, and changing the algorithm can improve the identification of antimicrobial peptides, reducing the number of false positives. “Even though the algorithm that we used didn’t yield amazing molecules, I think the concept and the framework represents an entirely new avenue for thinking about drug discovery,” says de la Fuente. Euan Ashley, an expert in genomics and precision medicine at Stanford University in California, is excited about this new approach in the little-studied field of antibiotic development. De la Fuente and his colleagues have shown that diving into the archaic human genome is an interesting and potentially useful approach.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://mezha.media/en/2023/07/31/fragments-of-neanderthal-and-denisovan-proteins-could-help-create-new-antibiotics-from-extinct-species-thanks-to-artificial-intelligence/

2024-04-12T10:59:20Z

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The special AirZing PRO 5030 UNIV fixture is powered by an OSRAM germicidal PURITEC® HNS® 30W lamp, which emits high intensity ultraviolet UV-C radiation with a wavelength of 253.7nm. This radiation produced by the AirZing PRO 5030 is used to disinfect air and surfaces. Proven technology shows that UV-C lamps destroy up to 99.9% of viruses UV-C: A proven technology for disinfection Globalization and increased travel have brought more attention to global public health. Many scientific research institutions and pharmaceutical enterprises are working hard to provide solutions for tackling such challenges. UV-C radiation generated by high-energy UV-C lamps moves at wavelengths between 200-280nm, which is highly effective for disinfecting air and water, as well as destroying harmful microorganisms on surfaces. With UV-C technology, it is possible to destroy more than 99.9% of all pathogens without the use of harsh chemicals that often come with harmful side effects. How does UV-C work to destroy most microorganisms? The cell nucleus of microorganisms (bacteria and viruses) contain thymine, a chemical element of the DNA/RNA. This element absorbs UV-C light at a specific wavelength of 253.7nm and changes to such an extent (formation of thymine dimers) that the cells are no longer capable of multiplying and surviving. UV-C (253.7nm) penetrates the cell wall of the microorganisms The high energy photons of the UV-C are absorbed by the cell proteins and DNA/RNA UV-C damages the protein structure causing metabolic disruption DNA/RNA is chemically altered so organisms can no longer replicate Because microorganisms are now unable to metabolize and replicate, the UV-C light has effectively and safely disinfected the UV-C workspace area Simple, yet high performance fixture Easy to Install Generates 253.7 nm UV-C Light Proven to destroy up to 99.9% of microorganisms at recomment exposures OSRAM 55028 AirZing™ PRO 5030 UNIV STOCK ONLY SPECIAL

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2024-04-12T10:24:59Z

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Strain localisation that produces varying foliation development, folding, and patterns of boudinage has led to structural features within, and between, the two main lithologies at Wanna, South Australia at amphibolite facies, these lithologies being the megacrystic granite gneiss of the Donington Granitoid Suite, and the Tournefort dykes which cross-cut the gneiss. The structural elements differ between, and within each lithology-for example, the megacrystic granite gneiss has a reasonably pervasive foliation, whereas deformation features in the Tournefort dykes tend to be localised into areas of high strain. Cross-cutting relationships are used to constrain the temporal relationships between structural elements, and the development of the different structural features explained in terms of rheological behaviour of the lithologies. The relative rheological behaviour of the principal lithologies was thus found to vary over space, as well as over time. Geothermometry of mafic assemblages was used to constrain the temperatures at which different structural features developed, which were all found to be in the order of about 720°C and occurring under fluid-rich, upper amphibolite conditions.

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2024-04-12T12:20:26Z

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Stress management, motivation and parental tips to help support your child through difficult exam times May 13, 2020 During the month of June I had the opportunity to talk about Mental Health in terms of stress and anxiety on Education Indaba – 91.3 The Voice of the Cape and the Vodacom Road 326 Show – Riverside FM. The year has definitely turned out differently than everyone thought. All the changes, losses and feelings of being out of control can lead to feelings of stress and anxiety. Stressful times can have both a emotional and physiological effect on us especially when we are out of our normal routine. All the changes in our “normal life” and school routines can affect our mood and contribute to our stress and anxiety levels. Tips to help manage stress from a physiological point of view • Encourage a bedtime routine (still sleep 7-8 hours a night) • Work in at least 30-60 minutes of daily physical exercise (even if it’s just walking) • Encourage a healthy diet – eat healthy and reduce sugar intake • Limit energy drinks and caffeine (in individuals that are prone to anxiety energy drinks and caffeine may cause more anxiety) • Learn, teach and let your child practice relaxation techniques such as breathing, meditation, yoga, or tai-chi for stress management or mindfulness What can students do to motivate themselves First, ask yourself, “What is your why” … Why do you spend all these hours on a task or project? Would you like to get into the university of your choice? or maybe you want to apply for a job with your matric certificate next year? So ask yourself “what is my goals?” Keeping your end goal in mind on days you are unmotivated really helps you stay on track and be more focused. Set smaller realistic and reachable goals for yourself – I always say “you eat an elephant one bite at a time”. If your goal it too big, it might overwhelm you enabling you to start. Sometimes when you have so much work and you don’t know where to start, you can easily procrastinate and end up doing nothing! This is where planning comes in – things like study timetable and to do list could come in handy. My number one tip is to “Just start”. It is important especially during this time to just start, start with the first thing (eg. first question on the assignment) or an easier/smaller thing on your to do list or timetable. Most of the time once you start, the rest will follow. Focus on small wins each day and reward yourself once you reached goals (no matter how small). Practical tips for parents to support their children Be emotionally present for your child as far as possible. Have meaningful conversations with them and create an open and safe space for them to feel they can talk about things like emotions, challenges and losses they might be experiencing. The dinner table is always a good place to start (everyone needs to eat). As a family eat around the dinner table at night. It is good family time to check in with everyone especially your child. Ask how their day was, their highlights of the day, what they are proud of and what they found challenging during the day. In this way, parents can also notice when their child is not doing well and when the pressure or stress might be too much. Show them that you support them and that you are present. Even if it is just taking them a cup of tea when they are studying. It’s all about the small acts. If you see your child is discouraged you can suggest that they relax for an hour or two, or go take a walk around the block with them, encourage them and let them know that you believe in them. Help your child set their goals and motivate them to stick to their goals and schedule. If your child reaches their goals, let them know that you are proud of them. Celebrate these successes (even the small victories) and reward your child for their hard work. Stress is a normal part of life and it is a normal and healthy emotion to experience. However, the moment it does affects our lives, our normal everyday functioning and turns into anxiety, it becomes an unhealthy emotion and one would need to seek professional help.

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2024-04-12T11:12:32Z

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Inspired by Dr. King Adoring crowds. Pristine pedestals. Widely supported activism. According to much of the history fed to us by the educational system, these accolades were a part of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s life and legacy. But as we take today to honor the life of such a remarkable civil rights leader, we must reflect on the extent of his sacrifices and the authorities he challenged to ensure an equitable, diverse, and inclusive future for communities across the nation. One of my favorite quotes is “well-behaved women seldom make history”. From an early age, many of us are taught that submission equals success. Standing up or speaking is often met with harsh retribution, ensuring any thoughts of resistance are erased from our young minds. At the same time, we are told to be relentless in standing up for what’s right. But what do we stand for when doing the right thing is deemed wrong by authority? Submission requires us to deny our heart of the justice it seeks and will forever protest the injustice we force ourselves to be okay with. When we look at Dr. King’s life and what he endured— the harrowing FBI threats, numerous arrests, assassination attempts, and even low public approval from his own community—he taught us that doing the right thing isn’t always the easier option. It may be met with ruthless opposition and even rejection from the very people you want to help. Nevertheless, Dr. King fought because he knew that justice being served, and civil rights being reclaimed was worth the tremendous struggle. As Moody students, we are encouraged to converge worlds and create futures. As we continue to use communication to improve the lives of others, we should look at Dr. King’s life and be inspired to bring justice to our communities, even in the face of hardship and opposing authorities.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://moody.utexas.edu/news/inspired-dr-king

2024-04-12T10:57:41Z

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March 25 is a significant day in Greek history. It commemorates the beginning of the Greek War of Independence in 1821. This historic event, known as the Greek Revolution, is a testament to the indomitable spirit of the Greek people and their constant striving for freedom and self-determination. At the beginning of the 19th century, Greece was under the oppressive rule of the Ottoman Empire and had endured centuries of foreign domination and cultural oppression. Beneath the surface, however, a fervent desire for liberation simmered, fueled by a deep-seated pride in Greek heritage and a yearning for independence. The spark that ignited the revolution came on March 25, 1821, when Greek revolutionaries raised the banner of freedom and began a heroic struggle against their oppressors. Led by visionary leaders such as Theodoros Kolokotronis, Athanasios Diakos and Laskarina Bouboulina, the Greek people rose against overwhelming odds, determined to reclaim their homeland and restore their dignity. The Greek Revolution was not only a military uprising but also a cultural and ideological awakening that shook up the Greek nation. Poets and intellectuals, including Rigas Feraios and Lord Byron, lent their voices to the cause and called for solidarity and international support for the Greek struggle. Indeed, the Greek Revolution of 1821 was not just a military conflict. It was deeply rooted in a broader cultural and ideological movement that mobilized the Greek nation for independence. Poets, writers, and intellectuals played a central role in shaping the history of the revolution, fostering a sense of national identity and rallying support at home and abroad. One of the most influential figures in the run-up to the Greek revolution was Rigas Feraios, a visionary Greek intellectual and revolutionary. Feraios was a poet, philosopher, and political thinker who formulated a vision of Greek liberation and unity in his writings. His revolutionary manifesto, the “New Political Constitution of the Inhabitants of Rumeli, Asia Minor, the Aegean Islands and the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia”,” called for the overthrow of Ottoman rule and the establishment of an independent Greek state. Feraios’ ideas inspired an entire generation of Greeks and laid the foundations for the later revolutionary movement. Another prominent figure who championed the Greek cause was the English poet Lord Byron. Impressed by the Greek people’s struggle for independence, Byron traveled to Greece in 1823 to offer his support. Byron’s passionate commitment to the Greek cause captured the imagination of people across Europe, turning the Greek War of Independence into a romantic cause célèbre. Poetry and literature also played a decisive role in mobilizing support for the Greek revolution. Greek poets such as Dionysios Solomos, Andreas Kalvos, and Aristotelis Valaoritis wrote rousing verses celebrating the heroism of the Greek fighters and lamenting the suffering of the Greek people under Ottoman rule. These poets lent a touch of nobility and idealism to the revolutionary struggle and inspired ordinary Greeks to join the fight for independence. In addition, the Greek diaspora played an important role in supporting the revolution financially and ideologically. Greek communities in Europe and the United States organized fundraising campaigns, lobbied foreign governments, and spread propaganda in support of the Greek cause. The diaspora’s efforts helped to garner international sympathy and support for the Greek revolution, turning it into a global struggle for freedom and justice. The war was brutal and protracted, characterized by fierce battles, heroic deeds, and unimaginable sacrifices. From the mountains of the Peloponnese to the coasts of Crete, the Greeks fought with unparalleled courage and perseverance, facing adversity with unwavering determination. Although the Greek revolutionaries faced formidable opponents and internal divisions, they persevered, driven by an unshakeable faith in their cause and a fervent belief in the righteousness of their struggle. Their determination paid off on 25 March 1829, when the Treaty of Adrianople recognized Greece as an independent nation, marking the culmination of years of sacrifice and struggle. In conclusion, I would like to say that the Greek Revolution of March 25, 1821, is a testimony to the power of the human spirit to overcome oppression and injustice. It is a reminder that courage and determination in the face of adversity can lead to victory.

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2024-04-12T11:25:07Z

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Adolescents and young adults are highly social creatures who pay close attention to their peers and use them as reference points for their own style and behavior. As a result, social media can play an outsized role in the relationship between teenagers and drug and alcohol abuse, which may develop into a substance use disorder when left unchecked. While excessive social media use has been strongly linked with increases in serious mental health problems, the relationship between social media consumption and substance abuse is less clear. Here’s what we know. Social Media Facts & Figures Young people in America today have never lived in a world without the internet and the widespread adoption of social media platforms ranging from Facebook to Twitter, Reddit, Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and many others. According to figures provided by Pew Research, in 2022: - 97% of teens reported using the internet daily - 72% of U.S. teens reported access to a smartphone, a computer and a gaming console at home - 52% of 15- to 17-year-olds reported that they use the internet “almost constantly” - 36% of 13- to 14-year-olds reported the same perception - 55% of teens say that spend the right amount of time on social media, compared to 36% who say they spend too much time on social media - the most popular social media sites for American teens were YouTube (95% use), TikTok (67%), Instagram (62%), Snapchat (59%), Facebook (32%), Twitter (23%), Twitch (20%), WhatsApp (17%), and Reddit (14%) Social Media & Teen Drug Use Celebrity, corporate, and peer influence, all transmitted through social media, may plant suggestions or make certain teens anxious about missing out on new experiences like partying and getting high (FOMO). After all, American teens are consumers of social media, are early adopters when it comes to new technology and behavior, and are highly susceptible to peer pressure. This could, potentially, lead to increased alcohol and drug use among impressionable teens who consume social media. What’s The Evidence? There is some limited evidence to support this concept. A 2011 study by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University demonstrated that, among the 2,000 studied teens, those who used social media heavily used more tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana than those who didn’t, especially if they had seen pictures of teens using or passed out from alcohol or drugs. In fact, these teens were: - 5x more likely to buy cigarettes - 3x more likely to drink - 2x more likely to use cannabis However, in the years since this study the national picture of teen substance use has actually changed for the better. Millennial & Gen-Z Substance Abuse Trends Public health statistics from the past two decades (coinciding with the rise of social media) reveal that underage alcohol use among those 17-12 years of age has declined by around 60%. Teen smoking, also declining for decades, also experienced its fastest ever rate of contraction during this time, electronic cigarettes/vaping notwithstanding. Likewise, cannabis use among teens has remained relatively steady, while overall illicit drug use appears to have declined also, particularly following the covid-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, overdose deaths among those 15-24 years of age have increased sharply since the turn of the millennium, reflecting the increased potency of drugs like methamphetamine and fentanyl currently circulating among Americans of all ages. The Impact Of Social Media On Teen Health Using social networking sites does not appear to automatically or universally encourage teen alcohol or drug use. In fact, the use of social media may even cause many young people to reject substance use due to the transmission of positive messaging or association with drug-free peers and role models. Nevertheless, the influence of social media is not necessarily positive. Worse Mental Health Strong evidence even suggests that excessive social media users tend to also develop lower self-esteem, life satisfaction, and mental stability, with increased suicidal thoughts or activity. Social media use can, in many cases, lead to social comparisons between teens and glamorous influences or their peers constantly showing their best sides. This constant doubt can chip away at a teen’s happiness and self-image, getting in the way of positive social interactions and generating profound loneliness and dissatisfaction during a vulnerable and formative period. It remains to be seen if these negative patterns may, in the future, be associated with changes in the use of alcohol and drugs by these generations in the same way that teen suicides have increased substantially since the year 2000. Getting Help For Your At-Risk Teen Alcohol and drug addiction can impact anyone, no matter their age or the hashtags they post. And if your teen or some other loved one in your life is struggling with substance abuse, professional treatment can help. At Northeast Addictions Treatment Center, we provide leading teen and adult outpatient treatment services for all forms of substance abuse including alcohol, prescription drugs, and illicit substances. We also offer dual diagnosis treatment options for co-occurring mental health disorders like anxiety, depression, manic-depressive disorder, ADHD, and others. To learn more about your teen’s options for recovery, please reach out to our team today. - What Does The Fire Emoji Mean? - The Decriminalization Of Drugs | Here Are The Pros & Cons - The Effects Of Meth On Children In Massachusetts - American Academy of Pediatrics – Digital Media and Risks for Adolescent Substance Abuse and Problematic Gambling - Journal of Adolescent Health – Social Media and Substance Use: What Should We Be Recommending to Teens and Their Parents? - National Center for Drug Abuse Statistics (NCDAS) – Teenage Drug Use Statistics : Data & Trends on Abuse - Pew Research Center – Teens, Social Media and Technology 2022

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2024-04-12T10:54:34Z

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Assignment 1: LASA 2: Change Management (MAKE SURE TO COMPLETE ATTACHED TEMPLATE!!!) For many companies, change is a constant thing. A company that can smoothly navigate organization change is one that is more nimble and better able to meet market demands for products. In this assignment, you will develop a change management plan that is similar to what a business today might use to implement change. Assume you are the supervisor of a product development team that designs cell phone applications for your company’s newest cell phone. Unfortunately, this model has not been performing well in the market and your company has decided to discontinue production. Your team is being asked to discontinue their current operations and move to the design and development of applications for a new smart phone. This will require new skills and experience that some of your team members do not possess. In addition, management has asked for a shortened timeline meaning your team will have to put in considerable overtime hours. You are to develop a change management plan for leading your team through these changes, including reorganization. You will review your plan with your boss. Research change management plans using your textbook, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet. Select at least two authoritative resources, one of which may be your text, to use in this assignment. Be sure to use real-world situations when presenting examples in your response. Download and review the Change Management Plan template from the Doc Sharing area. Analyze the case information and fill in the template. Write a detailed change management plan covering the following: - Identify two reorganizational changes and their impact on the team. - Offer suggestions and strategies for managing the change including: - Two ways to communicate the reorganization plans with the team - Two ways to gain buy-in from the team - Two ways to deal with resistance from the team - Two ways you will lead and motivate your team through the change - Identify two specific ways you will inform your supervisor of plans and progress. - Identify five action items required in order to implement the change. - Identify seven potential risks along with a plan of the action to take if a risk occurs. Explain your solutions. Give reasons and examples from your selected resources in support of your assertions. Write a 5–6-page paper in Word format. Be sure to include your filled-in Change Management Plan template. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M5_A1.doc. By Monday, November 2, 2015, deliver your assignment to the M5: Assignment 1 Dropbox. |Assignment 1 Grading Criteria |Identified two reorganizational changes and their impacts on the team. Justify your responses. |Suggested two ways of how you can communicate the reorganization plans with the team. Include your justification. |Suggested two ways to gain buy-in from your team. Include your justification. |Suggested two ways to deal with resistance from the team. Include your justification. |Suggested two ways you will lead and motivate your team through the change. Include your justification. |Identified two ways you will communicate the plans and progress to your supervisor. Justify your decision. |Identified five action items required in order to implement the change. Justify your response. |Identified seven potential risks along with a plan if a risk occurs. Justify your solutions.

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https://nerdytermpapers.com/assignment-1-lasa-2-change-management-please-complete-thoroughly/

2024-04-12T12:33:05Z

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Summary: A new study links caffeine consumption during pregnancy to changes in important brain pathways that help regulate behavior in children. Source: University of Rochester New research finds caffeine consumed during pregnancy can change important brain pathways that could lead to behavioral problems later in life. Researchers in the Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience at the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) analyzed thousands of brain scans of nine and ten-year-olds, and revealed changes in the brain structure in children who were exposed to caffeine in utero. “These are sort of small effects and it’s not causing horrendous psychiatric conditions, but it is causing minimal but noticeable behavioral issues that should make us consider long term effects of caffeine intake during pregnancy,” said John Foxe, Ph.D., director of the Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, and principal investigator of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development or ABCD Study at the University of Rochester. “I suppose the outcome of this study will be a recommendation that any caffeine during pregnancy is probably not such a good idea.” Elevated behavioral issues, attention difficulties, and hyperactivity are all symptoms that researchers observed in these children. “What makes this unique is that we have a biological pathway that looks different when you consume caffeine through pregnancy,” said Zachary Christensen, a M.D/Ph.D. candidate in the Medical Science Training Program and first author on the paper published in the journal Neuropharmacology. “Previous studies have shown that children perform differently on IQ tests, or they have different psychopathology, but that could also be related to demographics, so it’s hard to parse that out until you have something like a biomarker. This gives us a place to start future research to try to learn exactly when the change is occurring in the brain.” Investigators analyzed brain scans of more than 9,000 nine and ten-year-old participants in the ABCD study. They found clear changes in how the white matter tracks – which form connections between brain regions – were organized in children whose mothers reported they consumed caffeine during pregnancy. URMC is one of 21-sites across the country collecting data for the ABCD study, the largest long-term study of brain development and child health. The study is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Ed Freedman, Ph.D., is the principal investigator of the ABCD study in Rochester and a co-author of the study. “It is important to point out this is a retrospective study,” said Foxe. “We are relying on mothers to remember how much caffeine they took in while they were pregnant.” Previous studies have found caffeine can have a negative effect on pregnancy. It is also known that a fetus does not have the enzyme necessary to breakdown caffeine when it crosses the placenta. This new study reveals that caffeine could also leave a lasting impact on neurodevelopment. The researchers point out that it is unclear if the impact of the caffeine on the fetal brain varies from one trimester to the next, or when during gestation these structural changes occur. “Current clinical guidelines already suggest limiting caffeine intake during pregnancy – no more than two normal cups of coffee a day,” Christensen said. “In the long term, we hope to develop better guidance for mothers, but in the meantime, they should ask their doctor as concerns arise.” About this neurodevelopment research news Source: University of Rochester Contact: Kelsie Smith Hayduk – University of Rochester Image: The image is in the public domain Original Research: Closed access. “Caffeine exposure in utero is associated with structural brain alterations and deleterious neurocognitive outcomes in 9–10 year old children” by John Foxe et al. Neuropharmacology Caffeine exposure in utero is associated with structural brain alterations and deleterious neurocognitive outcomes in 9–10 year old children Caffeine, a very widely used and potent neuromodulator, easily crosses the placental barrier, but relatively little is known about the long-term impact of gestational caffeine exposure (GCE) on neurodevelopment. Here, we leverage magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, collected from a very large sample of 9157 children, aged 9–10 years, as part of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Developmentsm (ABCD ®) study, to investigate brain structural outcomes at 27 major fiber tracts as a function of GCE. Significant relationships between GCE and fractional anisotropy (FA) measures in the inferior fronto-occipito fasciculus and corticospinal tract of the left hemisphere (IFOF-LH; CST-LH) were detected via mixed effects binomial regression. We further investigated the interaction between these fiber tracts, GCE, cognitive measures (working memory, task efficiency), and psychopathology measures (externalization, internalization, somatization, and neurodevelopment). GCE was associated with poorer outcomes on all measures of psychopathology but had negligible effect on cognitive measures. Higher FA values in both fiber tracts were associated with decreased neurodevelopmental problems and improved performance on both cognitive tasks. We also identified a decreased association between FA in the CST-LH and task efficiency in the GCE group. These findings suggest that GCE can lead to future neurodevelopmental complications and that this occurs, in part, through alteration of the microstructure of critical fiber tracts such as the IFOF-LH and CST-LH. These data suggest that current guidelines regarding limiting caffeine intake during pregnancy may require some recalibration.

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https://neurosciencenews.com/caffeine-brain-development-17698/amp/

2024-04-12T11:45:35Z

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The Veil was Torn in Two द्वारा New Christian Bible Study Staff When Jesus died on the cross, there was an earthquake. Rocks were split. The centurion and his soldiers who had carried out the crucifixion orders were afraid. In the heart of the temple, in the "holy of holies", in the very heart of Jerusalem, the sacred veil tore, from top to bottom. The veil, "rent in twain"... The veils in the tabernacle and later in the temple were important. They're described in great detail in Exodus and in 1 Kings. In Arcana Coelestia 2576, it says that, "Rational truths are a kind of veil or clothing to spiritual truths.... The veil represented the nearest and inmost appearances of rational good and truth.... And now, as Jesus dies on the cross, the veil tears. What does this mean? Here's how Swedenborg describes the symbolism of this: "...that once all appearances had been dispelled, the Lord entered into the Divine Itself, and at the same time He opened a means of access to the Divine Itself through His Human that had been made Divine." (Arcana Coelestia 2576) Think about four watershed spiritual events: 1) The creation of the physical universe. (Current best guess: 13.8 billion years ago). Genesis 1:1-10 2) The beginning of life. (On earth, between 3.5 and 4.5 billion years ago.) Genesis 1:11-25 3) The beginning of spiritually conscious human beings. (Reasonable guess: 100,000 years ago). Genesis 1:26-31 4) The incarnation and resurrection of the Lord God Jesus Christ (2000 years ago). God's love and wisdom have been flowing into the universe for a long time. Where you might expect entropy, instead we see a universe that seems to favor life and intelligence. Think what a fulfilling moment it must have been when God could tell that human minds were now responding to Him, after all that outpouring. But the free response-ability has tragedy baked in, because we can also choose not to respond, and to go the opposite way. As we humans grew more "sophisticated", God used new channels to reach us, notably prophets and spiritual leaders, and later the written word. And in those channels, from the earliest times, there are already prophecies that the Lord would one day come into the world in human form. Why did He need to do that? He must have foreseen that people would need to have that human level of connection, in order for enough good and truth to exist for us to make the decisions that open us to salvation. Let's go back to Swedenborg's description: "... once all appearances had been dispelled the Lord entered into the Divine Itself..." Throughout the Lord's life on earth, there was the appearance that he was a man, like us. He had a human body. He could be tired and hungry. He could be tempted (though unlike us, he always won). In his spiritual life, there were times when he felt keenly the appearance of his human separate from his Divine essence. At other times, that appearance thinned, and he felt his divinity more powerfully. As he grew up, and was baptized, and began his ministry, he must have been growing more and more fully aware of what was going on inside him -- the glorification of the human part of him. With the death of his body on the cross, the bodily human-ness was no longer in the way. That appearance was dispelled. A new connection was fully forged between the Divine and the human. And then, there's the second part of Swedenborg's statement: "at the same time He opened a means of access to the Divine Itself through His Human that had been made Divine." The veil was torn. The old religion, which had placed ritual above real good, and where God was invisible, separated from human knowledge by a veil -- was torn. New light could reach people, through the new teachings of the Lord. We could respond to a God who, in His Divine Human, we now could understand and approach and love more deeply. And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth. And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat.

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https://newchristianbiblestudy.org/hi/multi/bible_king-james-version_matthew_27_53/explanation_the-veil-was-torn/bible_king-james-version_genesis_1_26-31

2024-04-12T11:31:25Z

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forage, teff grass, water use efficiency, nutritive value The objectives of this study were to determine the forage yield, nutritive value, and water use efficiency of teff grass (Eragrostis tef) under field conditions as compared to sorghum sudangrass and forage pearl millet. Water use efficiency was determined by regressing above-ground biomass on crop water use between sampling periods. Yield was determined by quadrat area clippings of above-ground biomass. Nutritive value was determined using wet chemical analysis. Cultivars showed significant differences in biomass production at all sampling dates in both years. Teff grass demonstrated potential to provide producers with a fast-growing and competitive forage crop by reaching optimum yields at an earlier date than other commonly grown forages. Davidson, J. M.; Min, D.; Aiken, R. M.; and Kluitenberg, G. J. "Evaluating Teff Grass as a Summer Forage," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports:

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https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr/vol4/iss7/18/

2024-04-12T11:16:18Z

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AUSTIN, Texas — Global warming is approaching a tipping point that during this century could reawaken an ancient climate pattern similar to El Niño in the Indian Ocean, new research led by scientists from The University of Texas at Austin has found. If it comes to pass, floods, storms and drought are likely to worsen and become more regular, disproportionately affecting populations most vulnerable to climate change. Computer simulations of climate change during the second half of the century show that global warming could disturb the Indian Ocean’s surface temperatures, causing them to rise and fall year to year much more steeply than they do today. The seesaw pattern is strikingly similar to El Niño, a climate phenomenon that occurs in the Pacific Ocean and affects weather globally. “Our research shows that raising or lowering the average global temperature just a few degrees triggers the Indian Ocean to operate exactly the same as the other tropical oceans, with less uniform surface temperatures across the equator, more variable climate, and with its own El Niño,” said lead author Pedro DiNezio, a climate scientist at the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, a research unit of the UT Jackson School of Geosciences. According to the research, if current warming trends continue, an Indian Ocean El Niño could emerge as early as 2050. The results, which were published May 6 in the journal Science Advances, build on a 2019 paper by many of the same authors who found evidence of a past Indian Ocean El Niño hidden in the shells of microscopic sea life, called forams, that lived 21,000 years ago — the peak of the last ice age when the Earth was much cooler. To show whether an Indian Ocean El Niño can occur in a warming world, the scientists analyzed climate simulations, grouping them according to how well they matched present-day observations. When global warming trends were included, the most accurate simulations were those showing an Indian Ocean El Niño emerging by 2100. “Greenhouse warming is creating a planet that will be completely different from what we know today, or what we have known in the 20th century,” DiNezio said. The latest findings add to a growing body of evidence that the Indian Ocean has potential to drive much stronger climate swings than it does today. Co-author Kaustubh Thirumalai, who led the study that discovered evidence of the ice age Indian Ocean El Niño, said that the way glacial conditions affected wind and ocean currents in the Indian Ocean in the past is similar to the way global warming affects them in the simulations. “This means the present-day Indian Ocean might in fact be unusual,” said Thirumalai, who is an assistant professor at the University of Arizona. The Indian Ocean today experiences very slight year-to-year climate swings because the prevailing winds blow gently from west to east, keeping ocean conditions stable. According to the simulations, global warming could reverse the direction of these winds, destabilizing the ocean and tipping the climate into swings of warming and cooling akin to the El Niño and La Niña climate phenomena in the Pacific Ocean. The result is new climate extremes across the region, including disruption of the monsoons over East Africa and Asia. Thirumalai said that a break in the monsoons would be a significant concern for populations dependent on the regular annual rains to grow their food. For Michael McPhaden, a physical oceanographer at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration who pioneered research into tropical climate variability, the paper highlights the potential for how human-driven climate change can unevenly affect vulnerable populations. “If greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trends, by the end of the century, extreme climate events will hit countries surrounding the Indian Ocean, such as Indonesia, Australia and East Africa with increasing intensity,” said McPhaden, who was not involved in the study. “Many developing countries in this region are at heightened risk to these kinds of extreme events even in the modern climate.” The research was funded by a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant under the NSF Paleoclimate Program.

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https://news.utexas.edu/2020/05/06/climate-change-could-reawaken-indian-ocean-el-nino/

2024-04-12T12:23:26Z

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Health care refers to any field concerned with improving or maintaining physical and mental wellbeing through medical procedures and methods, including doctors, nurses, dentists, therapists, hospitals and pharmaceutical companies. Health insurance is a form of financing used to cover the costs associated with medical services. Similar to car or home insurance policies, individuals or employers choose a plan and pay a premium; then the insurer agrees to cover a portion of covered costs. Healthcare encompasses any measures taken by licensed and trained professionals to restore or preserve physical, mental, emotional, or spiritual wellbeing. This encompasses primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary medical treatment as well as preventive services. Insurance is a contract between an individual and an insurance provider that reimburses health care expenses in return for monthly premium payments. Policies may be private or public and governed at either state or federal levels. Health insurance costs can be driven up significantly by the prices set by doctors, nurses, therapists, dentists, pharmaceutical companies and hospital systems for their products and services. Therefore, insurance providers frequently offer discounted copayments or coinsurance when individuals visit an in-network provider to ensure quality meets cost effectively. Health care and insurance provide access to various forms of treatment, from prescription drugs and doctor visits, to hospitals and pharmaceutical companies providing these services. People can purchase coverage for themselves and their family through state-regulated, federally subsidized, and private plans – such as Medicare, Medicaid, self-insured group insurance plans and individual/family health plans. People should select a plan with comprehensive coverage that minimizes out-of-pocket expenses during claims and offers greater financial security, taking into account both premium costs and coverage benefits. Copays are an integral component of many health care and insurance plans. A copay is a fixed sum you pay directly to your doctor or insurer for medical services, prescription drugs and other forms of covered healthcare services. Certain copays don’t count towards deductibles while others do – this could have a huge effect on your health care costs. Insurance providers set copays as part of their strategy to detect fraud and limit members from overusing their coverage, but studies have revealed that certain groups of people may actually spend less with copay structures (Gruber 2006). Co-insurance allows you and your health insurer to share in the cost of medical services provided, similarly to how deductibles and copays work. It’s one of three cost-sharing features commonly included with health plans, along with these other two cost-sharing elements. Deductible: Your plan’s deductible is the minimum payment you must make before it will cover any medical costs for the rest of the year. Once met, however, they’ll provide partial coverage. Coinsurance typically applies after you meet your deductible and continues until the out-of-pocket maximum on your plan has been reached. Your coinsurance percentage can be found on an Explanation of Benefits (EOB). Choosing a plan As there is so much information available about health care and insurance plans, making an informed decision can be difficult. Therefore, it’s essential that you take time to select a plan that works for both yourself and your family. Open enrollment period typically falls from November through January for most employers and individuals; however, should life events such as moving or having a baby arise that necessitate changes outside this window, you may be eligible to make changes outside open enrollment. When selecting plans, it’s essential to carefully evaluate both out-of-pocket costs and monthly premium payments when comparing plans. This will allow you to identify which options best meet your healthcare needs and budget.

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https://newsreview.org/what-you-need-to-know-about-health-care-and-insurance/

2024-04-12T11:58:05Z

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“There is a high likelihood that south Georgia will experience lows between 20 and 25 oF. [Temperatures in the] teens are not out of the realm of possibility,” said David Stooksbury, UGA state climatologist. “In middle Georgia, lows in the low teens to single digits are expected, while the mountains can expect lows around zero or below.” Associated with the variable nature of this winter’s weather, Stooksbury says cold periods will be separated by relative mild periods. “It will seem as if the air temperature is on a roller coaster,” he said. Precipitation is expected to be near normal, but “because of the variability in temperatures, more than normal snow [fall] would not be a surprise,” he said. The amount of snow depends on the right combination of cold air and moisture. With more variable conditions, the likelihood of the necessary combination for snow occurring is increased. Unlike recent years, neither El Nino or La Nina weather patterns are expected to develop this fall and winter. Without either pattern, the atmosphere is considered to be in a neutral pattern. “Under the neutral weather pattern, the southeast is more easily invaded by cold air from Canada,” said Stooksbury. “However, Georgia is far enough south that the cold air is usually modified within a few days.” With more Canadian cold fronts expected this fall and winter, the likelihood of severe weather including thunderstorms and tornados is higher. Severe weather during the fall and winter is common across the state. “In Georgia, severe weather can occur at any time,” he said. “Tornado outbreaks at night are just as likely as during the day.” Stooksbury says he views the purchase of a NOAA weather radio as a wise investment to help insure your family’s personal safety. “An inexpensive NOAA weather radio can warn of impending danger as well as give updated weather conditions and forecasts,” he said. Farmers and gardeners alike should plan ahead for the up-coming weather conditions. “Agricultural producers and home gardeners should plan for high variability in fall and winter temperatures,” said Stooksbury. “Late in the winter, the primary concern will be plants breaking dormancy before the last hard freeze.” Because of the expected cold weather extremes, energy demand for heating is expected to be high this fall and winter, too, he added. (David Emory Stooksbury is the state climatologist and a professor of engineering and atmospheric sciences in the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.)

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https://newswire.caes.uga.edu/story/1784/weather-rollercoaster.html

2024-04-12T11:36:22Z

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3 Ablation of Lung Cancer, Pulmonary Metastatic Disease, and Chest Wall Malignancy The role of thermal ablation in the treatment of thoracic malignancies has been growing for more than a decade. It has become an established treatment alternative to surgical resection in patients with both primary lung cancer and metastatic disease, as well as in patients with locally recurrent tumor following treatment. Emerging indications include treatment of primary and secondary tumors of the pleura and chest wall, as well as palliative ablation for painful soft tissue and bone lesions. For early-stage, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (stage I/II), surgical resection or lobectomy remains the treatment of choice. 1 However, many patients are deemed medically inoperable for lobectomy or refuse surgery. Studies have shown that patients who receive some form of therapy for early-stage lung cancer demonstrate better outcomes than those who do not receive any form of therapy. 2 Therefore, a sizeable proportion of medically inoperable, early-stage lung cancer can benefit from less invasive therapies, such as percutaneous thermal ablation. Approximately 20% of patients with lung metastases and resected primary soft tissue tumors have a limited number of metastases isolated to the lung and are potential candidates for surgical resection or metastasectomy. 3 Although surgical metastasectomy may result in improved disease-free survival in properly selected patients, multiple surgical resections may diminish pulmonary capacity. 4 Therefore, lung-sparing techniques, including percutaneous thermal ablation, are an attractive option in those candidates with limited metastatic disease or limited recurrent or residual disease following prior surgical resection, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Management of malignancies of the chest wall and pleura is a promising new and not fully evaluated indication for thoracic tumor ablation. A growing body of data supports the efficacy of thermal ablation in treating soft tissue lesions, 5 and application to these tissues in the thorax is a natural extension. Although the published data specifically addressing the application of thermal ablation to pleural and chest wall disease are limited, our institutional experience has yielded promising results in the treatment of thymoma, mesothelioma, and metastatic disease, including, but not limited to, chondrosarcoma. 3.2 Principles of Thermal Ablation 3.2.1 Radiofrequency Ablation Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is based on a thermal energy delivery system that causes agitation of ionic dipolar molecules, resulting in frictional heating of the surrounding tissues and fluids. The primary challenge in the application of RF energy to tumors in the lung is the disparity of tissue characteristics between normally aerated lung and tumor. The lung acts as an insulator, due to its naturally high impedance, which can limit the extension of an ablation zone to include a margin, compromising the likelihood of local treatment success. This insulation by the normal lung has the positive effect of increasing the central temperature of a solid mass that has been directly punctured by the ablation needle, the so-called oven-effect. 6 Pleural and chest wall tumors tend to have characteristics similar to those of adjacent tissue; therefore the ablation zone tends to be more predictable. The potential traversal of nerves and the possibility of nerve injury (e.g., phrenic nerve, brachial plexus), related either to electrode placement or to ablation, are important considerations in treatment planning and delivery. 7 On a practical level, heat-based ablations, particularly RFA, can result in significant intraprocedural discomfort, which may require increased conscious sedation, and, possibly, general anesthesia. Additionally, some patients may experience postablative pain secondary to tissue charring, and, occasionally, neuropathic pain from nerve ablation. 8 , 9 3.2.2 Microwave Ablation Microwave ablation (MWA) is performed by microwave energy (900–2,450 MHz) inducing dipole excitation, which in turn causes the water molecules to spin, transferring some of their kinetic energy and creating friction, resulting in heat generation and tissue hyperthermia. 10 The microwave antenna emits electromagnetic radiation into tissue without the necessity of an electrical current; thus carbonization and gas pockets around the antenna do not interfere as much with energy deposition, resulting in higher intratumoral temperatures and more robust ablations as compared to RFA. 11 3.2.3 Percutaneous Cryotherapy In contradistinction to the heat-based ablative techniques, percutaneous cryotherapy (PCT) uses dissipation of extreme cold temperatures as its mode of cell death. This results in a zone of cooling below freezing and ice ball formation, which is often visible on computed tomography (CT). On a practical note, cryoablation systems allow for application of a “stick” mode, which decreases the probe temperature to − 10°C, forming a small ice ball and allowing for probe immobilization with respect to adjacent tumor or tissue. This can be used after satisfactory placement of a probe to facilitate additional probe placement, or to move the targeted tumor in lung parenchyma away from critical structures during cryoablation. 3.2.4 Special Equipment Currently, commercially available RFA electrodes are either single-needle or multitined, with a gradual increasing trend toward use of single-needle electrodes. The zone of ablation may be increased for each probe by overlapping treatment regions for a single electrode, using programmed tine expansion, using multiple electrodes with a switch box generator, or diffusing hypertonic saline through specially designed electrodes into the tumor. Generally speaking, multiple electrodes should not be spaced farther than 2 cm apart in order to allow for complete coalescence of overlapping zones of ablation. Dispersive, large surface area grounding pads are required and need to be carefully applied over the patient’s body, avoiding underlying bone prominences, and excess hair should be removed prior to pad placement to facilitate skin adhesion and ensure firm contact. Microwave generators allow single or multiple antennas to be activated simultaneously. Higher intratumoral temperatures are achieved as a result of an improved convection profile in comparison to RFA, resulting in larger ablation volumes with shorter ablation times with less heat sink phenomenon. No dispersive or grounding pads are required, and the absence of electrical stimulation, as with RFA, confers less pain as a result of nerve irritation, of particular importance when treating juxtapleural and chest wall lesions, which can often be quite painful during RFA as a result of intercostal nerve stimulation. There are two commercially available PCA systems that offer cryoprobes in sizes ranging from 1.2 to 3.8 mm in diameter. In theory, both systems achieve ice of similar dimension that is based on cryoprobe diameter; however, in our practice, the 2.4 mm probes are preferred to achieve adequate lethal ice. PCA offers many advantages over the other thermal ablative techniques: the lack of electrical current allows for safe use in patients with implantable cardiac devices, the level of pain during and after ablation is decreased in comparison to RFA and MWA (of particular importance when addressing juxtapleural and pleural/chest wall tumors), and hypodense ice is easily visualized when ablating within soft tissues. Furthermore, some suggest that PCT is favored when addressing juxtapleural and paramediastinal lung lesions and pleural and chest wall lesions because it preserves tissue collagenous architecture. 12 An issue inherent to cryoablation is the relatively large-caliber probes (usually at least 2.4 mm or 13 G) compared to the 17 G heat-based probes, which can make skewering small tumors within the relatively more compliant lung difficult or impossible. This can be overcome by placement of at least two probes at the periphery of a lesion, the so-called chopstick approach, with commercially available generators able to accommodate up to 20 probes. Within the lung, the authors use a triple-freeze technique (3-minute freeze–3-minute passive thaw–7-minute freeze–3-minute passive thaw–7-minute freeze) with intermittent short 3-minute passive thaw cycles after freeze cycles causing the airspaces to fill with pulmonary fluid and hemorrhage, significantly increasing thermal conductivity and allowing for extension of the ablation zone ( Fig. 3.1 ). In the chest wall and pleura, we typically employ a double-freeze technique with a longer, 8-minute passive thaw cycle, unless the anticipated ablative margin extends into the adjacent pulmonary parenchyma. Proper patient selection is highly dependent on the anticipated goal to be achieved. Although no strict criteria for patient selection exists, emerging goals for percutaneous thermal ablation in the lung, chest wall, and pleura thus far have been established to include (1) potential for cure in early stage (stage I) NSCLCs that are medically inoperable or if the patient refuses surgery; (2) prolongation of survival in those with limited recurrent or metastatic disease to the lung and chest wall/pleura; (3) cytoreduction of large tumors to potentially alter the susceptibility of viable tumor tissue to chemotherapy or radiotherapy; (4) palliation of symptoms, particularly pain in peripheral tumors invading the pleural and chest wall 13 ; and (5) ablation of tumors adjacent to vital structures to limit or slow invasion. Thoracic ablative procedures have few absolute and relative contraindications, which are similar to those of image-guided biopsy of the lung. Absolute contraindications include acute pneumonia, severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (> 40 mm Hg), and uncorrectable coagulopathy. Relative contraindications include poor lung function (forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration [FEV1] < 1 L), prior pneumonectomy, or single-functioning lung, because the potential complications of pulmonary hemorrhage, pneumothorax, or hemothorax with poor or limited respiratory reserve may cause respiratory failure. Pacemakers and pacemaker wires, which can conduct electrical current from radiofrequency and, to a lesser degree, microwave energies along the pacemaker wires can result in application of thermal energy in unintended remote locations. Additionally, a pacemaker may malfunction during RFA. Patients with pacemakers can still receive RFA provided the pacemaker is turned off prior to the procedure. 14 3.5 Preprocedure Workup Preprocedural evaluation of a patient typically includes a patient history, with focus on cardiopulmonary status, pulmonary infection, bleeding diatheses, and medications. Platelet count and coagulation profile are essential. Pulmonary function tests should be reviewed to check for adequacy of oxygenation, pulmonary reserve, flow-volume spirometry, and fitness for sedation and lung reduction, particularly in those patients with lung disease or prior resection. The presence of a pacemaker or automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD), especially in a patient with constant dependence, should increase consideration of PCT and MWA, rather than RFA, which can cause device malfunction. Alternatively, if RFA is the preferred ablative technique, and the patient has limited dependence on a cardiac pacer, a deactivated pacemaker with transvenous or temporary external cardiac pacing is an acceptable strategy. A thorough medication history should be obtained with attention to anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications, which should be stopped or tapered prior to the anticipated procedure. Conversion to subcutaneous or low molecular weight heparin can be considered for those patients on oral anticoagulants, which can be stopped at least 24 hours prior to the procedure. Histopathologic diagnosis of the lesion(s) should be obtained before the ablation. Biopsy can be performed prior to the ablation as a separate session or immediately prior to the ablation as a concurrent session. At our institution, we prefer to perform the percutaneous biopsy approximately 1 week prior to the ablation to allow for perilesional hemorrhage to resolve, to confirm the final pathology, and for clear tumor margins to be apparent at the time of the ablation. Furthermore, longer procedure times, or a delayed or postponed ablation procedure related to biopsy complications, may result when biopsy occurs prior to ablation as a concurrent session. There is no standardized agreement on the pre- or postprocedural administration of antibiotics. At our institution, we typically do not give antibiotics for most chest ablations. Ideally, a preprocedure chest CT scan should be performed within 4 weeks of the anticipated procedure to assess (1) tumor size and number; (2) lesion shape and location in relation to vessels, bronchi, and other vital structures; (3) the presence of comorbid lung disease, including advanced bullous disease, radiation injury, or infection; and (4) a safe percutaneous access route. PCT of the chest is typically performed under conscious sedation, although general anesthesia is at times warranted during ablations that require a higher degree of monitoring. No matter the choice of anesthesia employed during thermal ablation of the chest, it must be efficient at both controlling pain and maximizing the reproducibility of the target tumor position to facilitate accurate probe placement. Additionally, there is an increased risk of pneumothorax from positive pressure ventilation with general anesthesia. 15 For these reasons, most experienced operators prefer conscious sedation in nearly all percutaneous thermal ablations of the thorax. On occasion, general anesthesia is preferred, including in cases with increased risk of bleeding, in patients with tenuous respiratory status, or to allow for selective intubation of a bronchus to improve positioning of the contralateral-targeted pulmonary lesion in relation to vital structures. The most common indication for the escalation of sedation level to general anesthesia is when using RFA for treatment of chest wall and pleural lesions, a procedure that is often quite painful. 9 3.6 Selection Criteria Studies have repeatedly identified certain lesion characteristics for which ablation can be expected to achieve a complete result of total tumor kill without recurrence ( Table 3.1 and Fig. 3.2 ). These include size, location, number of lesions, and adjacent structures. < 3 cm > 3 cm + (up to 3)a +++ (up to 3)a ++ (up to 20)a ≤ 1.5 cm pleura + (air leak) Chest wall and pleura Pacer and AICD Abbreviation: AICD, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator. aThe number of simultaneous applicators for each respective therapeutic modality. Lesions < 3 to 3.5 cm 13 , 16 are more likely to be fully treated than larger lesions. Multiple RFAs and cryoprobes are used for lesions > 2 cm. MWA is preferred for larger lesions, with its ability to treat up to 3.5 cm ( Fig. 3.3 ) and possibly larger lesions. For completely intraparenchymal lesions, any of the three percutaneous ablative therapies can be used. For juxtapleural, pleural, and chest wall lesions, cryoablation is preferred to the heat-based ablative therapies due to less patient discomfort and fewer complications. 17 3.6.3 Number of Lesions For metastatic disease, there are ideally fewer than six pulmonary lesions, which is loosely based on metastasectomy data showing decreased survival with an increasing number of resections. 18 3.6.4 Adjacent Structures Ablation adjacent to a pulmonary artery or vein measuring > 3 mm, 19 , 20 or large bronchus, 21 using RFA or PCT, may result in incomplete ablation margins due to heat sink or cold sink, respectively. MWA reduces, but does not completely negate, this heat sink phenomenon 10 ( Fig. 3.4 ). PCT is preferred for lesions adjacent to the hilum and vital mediastinal structures, such as the aorta, heart, esophagus, and trachea, due to the preservation of the tissues’ collagenous architecture and visualization of ice ( Fig. 3.5 ). In some situations, the ability to “stick” the cryoprobe to the tumor allows the targeted tissue to be torqued away from adjacent structures. Similarly, cryoablation is preferred for pleural and chest wall lesions because it results in less pain and tissue injury as compared to RFA and MWA, respectively.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://oncohemakey.com/3-ablation-of-lung-cancer-pulmonary-metastatic-disease-and-chest-wall-malignancy/

2024-04-12T10:31:51Z

s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296815919.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412101354-20240412131354-00000.warc.gz

en

A supplemental agreement may sound like a complex legal term, but it’s actually a straightforward concept that can play a crucial role in various situations. Whether you’re involved in a business deal, an employment agreement, or even a lease agreement, understanding what a supplemental agreement is and how it works is essential to protect your interests. Understanding the basics of a supplemental agreement At its core, a supplemental agreement is an additional contract that modifies or adds to an existing agreement. It serves the purpose of addressing specific provisions, terms, or conditions that are not covered adequately in the original agreement. Think of it as a tool to fill in the gaps and ensure that everything is crystal clear between the parties involved. When entering into a business agreement, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the terms and conditions. However, no matter how carefully drafted an agreement may be, there can still be instances where certain aspects need further attention. This is where a supplemental agreement comes into play. Definition of a supplemental agreement A supplemental agreement is a legally binding contract that adds, alters, or clarifies the terms and conditions of an existing agreement. It can be used to cover various aspects, such as changes in responsibilities, obligations, payment terms, or any other provisions that need to be modified or added. For example, imagine two companies entering into a partnership agreement. They outline the general terms and conditions, but as they start working together, they realize that certain aspects need to be adjusted. In such cases, they can draft a supplemental agreement to address these specific changes without having to renegotiate the entire original agreement. Importance of a supplemental agreement Now that we have a basic understanding of what a supplemental agreement is, let’s delve into its significance. One of the primary reasons why supplemental agreements are essential is that they allow parties to adapt to changing circumstances. As situations arise that require adjustments, these agreements ensure that both sides are on the same page and their intentions are clearly stated. Consider a scenario where a company agrees to provide a service to another company for a specified period. However, due to unforeseen circumstances, the service provider needs to modify the scope of work or extend the duration of the service. In such cases, a supplemental agreement can be drafted to accommodate these changes, ensuring that both parties are aware of and agree to the modifications. Furthermore, supplemental agreements promote transparency and clarity. By addressing specific aspects that might not have been thoroughly covered in the original agreement, it minimizes the chances of disputes or misunderstandings down the road. Moreover, supplemental agreements can also be used to add additional protections or benefits for one party. For example, if a company realizes that they need additional insurance coverage during the course of a project, they can negotiate a supplemental agreement to include this provision, providing them with the necessary protection. Different types of supplemental agreements Supplemental agreements can be found in various industries and scenarios. Let’s explore some of the most common types and how they are used: Employment supplemental agreements In the realm of employment, supplemental agreements are commonly used to modify an employment contract. This could involve changing the terms of compensation, adding non-compete clauses, or addressing any other specific terms at a later stage. These agreements ensure that both employers and employees are on the same page regarding their expectations and obligations. Construction supplemental agreements In the construction industry, supplemental agreements are often utilized to adjust project requirements, timelines, or costs. As unforeseen circumstances or new specifications arise, a supplemental agreement can help parties involved align their expectations and provide a legal framework to accommodate the changes. Lease supplemental agreements For landlords and tenants, lease agreements can become more flexible through the use of supplemental agreements. These additional contracts can address issues such as rent adjustments, lease extensions, or any other specific terms that the parties wish to agree upon after signing the initial lease agreement. Key elements of a supplemental agreement Now that we understand why supplemental agreements are important and the various contexts in which they can be applied, let’s explore the key elements that these agreements typically encompass: Like any contract, a supplemental agreement clearly identifies the parties involved. It specifies who is making the supplemental agreement and who is accepting it, ensuring that both parties are aware of their roles and obligations. Terms and conditions When drafting a supplemental agreement, it is vital to specify the terms and conditions being modified or added. This section covers the exact changes being made and ensures that there is a common understanding of the modifications. Every supplemental agreement should include an effective date. This is the date from which the modifications or additions outlined in the agreement come into effect. Clarity about the effective date helps parties align their actions and expectations accordingly. The legal implications of a supplemental agreement Understanding the legal implications of a supplemental agreement is crucial to protect your rights and ensure compliance. Here are a few key points to consider: Binding nature of supplemental agreements Supplemental agreements, like any other legally binding contract, hold weight in a court of law. Once signed and executed, the parties are obligated to uphold the terms and conditions outlined in the agreement. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully review and understand the implications before signing on the dotted line. Consequences of breaching a supplemental agreement Failure to comply with the terms of a supplemental agreement can have serious consequences. Depending on the circumstances, breaching the agreement could lead to financial penalties, damaged relationships, or even legal action. It is essential to be aware of the potential repercussions and act within the bounds of the agreement. Read also: Online contract signing: A complete guide How to draft a supplemental agreement Drafting a supplemental agreement requires attention to detail and a clear understanding of the specific modifications or additions needed. Here are some essential steps to consider: Essential steps in drafting a supplemental agreement - Identify the original agreement: Start by clearly identifying the original agreement that requires the supplemental agreement. - Pinpoint the changes: Identify the specific provisions, terms, or conditions that need to be modified or added. Be precise and ensure that all parties are aware of and agree upon these changes. - Write the supplemental agreement: Using clear and concise language, draft the supplemental agreement. Include the essential elements discussed previously, such as the parties involved, the terms and conditions being modified or added, and the effective date of the agreement. - Review and seek legal advice: Once drafted, review the supplemental agreement and seek legal advice if needed. A professional can ensure that all necessary elements are included and that the agreement is legally binding. - Execute the agreement: Finally, have all parties involved sign the supplemental agreement to make it legally binding. This ensures that everyone is aware of the modifications and agrees to them. Seeking legal advice While it can be tempting to handle supplemental agreements independently, seeking legal advice is often a wise choice. An experienced attorney can review the agreement for loopholes, offer valuable insights, and ensure that your interests are adequately protected. By understanding what a supplemental agreement is and how to navigate its intricacies, you can approach various situations with greater confidence and clarity. Remember, these agreements are designed to serve your best interests and help parties involved adapt to changing circumstances effectively. So, whether you’re entering into an employment agreement, negotiating a construction project, or signing a lease, a supplemental agreement can provide you with the peace of mind you need.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://oneflow.com/uk/blog/what-is-a-supplemental-agreement/

2024-04-12T10:58:00Z

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en

Wenhsing Yang (Annie) Activity Description: Provide a brief description of the activity You will be assigned to a group (4 to 5 students) and discuss this case study. This activity will take 30 minutes. After that, you have ten minutes to present your answer to the class. You will need to use textbooks and online resources to provide your answers and rationales. Feedback is welcome. Learning Goals: What do you aim to achieve with this activity? The goal of this assignment is based on ACEN requirement (critical thinking) as follow: 1.Goal is to avoid having your decision cause injury to anyone 2.With critical thinking skills, you can weight many factors and skillfully solve problems, making good decisions a majority of the time 3.Operating in critical thinking model while pursuing nursing studies helps develop clinical judgement needed to practice safe nursing 4.Nursing use a knowledge base to make decision, generate new ideas, and solve problems. Timing: At what point in the lesson or semester do you use this activity? How much classroom time do you devote to it? How much out-of-class time is expected? This assignment will be used at the end of the cancer chapter (week five). This activity will take 30 minutes. After that, you will present your answer to the class. This presentation will take 10 minutes per group. Logistics: What preparation is needed for this activity? What instructions do you give students? Is the activity low-stakes, high-stakes, or something else? I will need to create a scenario and questions for students to complete the assignment. You have 30 minutes to complete the assignment and present it to the class. This is a group assignment; you will be assigned to a group to discuss your answer. Please note, you will need to provide evidence-based on your answer. Please feel free to use online resources and textbooks. This is a low-stakes assignment because it does not cause danger to people. Instead, students have the opportunity to share the answers with the class and ask for feedback. Assessment: How do you assess this activity? What assessment measures do you use? Do you use a VALUE rubric? If not, how did you develop your rubric? Is your course part of the college-wide general education assessment initiative? I use the Value rubric -critical thinking. This is part of a college-wide general education assessment. Reflection: How well did this activity work in your classroom? Would you repeat it? Why or why not? What challenges did you encounter, and how did you address them? What, if anything, would you change? What did students seem to enjoy about the activity? Yes, I will repeat this activity with different classes. Different case studies will be provided based on the course objective and outcome. Only a few students discuss in the class, so I will need to facilitate the activity and ask other students for their input. I will give each group different case studies, so the students will have different understanding of each disease and their nursing interventions. Students like to hear from other groups with their answers and rationales. Because each group has different answers based on their priority and information. Additionally, students will be able to work with other students. In nursing, teamwork is necessary. Additional Information: Please share any additional comments and further documentation of the activity – e.g. assignment instructions, rubrics, examples of student work, etc. These can be links to pages or posts on the OpenLab. Please share a helpful link to a pages or post on the OpenLab

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu/l4/2024/01/13/critical-thinking/

2024-04-12T11:33:36Z

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en

Urine being a waste product, can serve as a kind of indicator, which enables the timely identification of pathology not only of the urinary tract, but also the entire body. From the moment of birth, the child’s body is subjected to many different influences, evoking a response in the form of metabolic changes in accordance with the requirements of the environment and living conditions. Pink urine from a baby is not always a sign of pathological processes, and causes change in its color can be very harmless. However, we cannot exclude the possibility of the presence of any disease. Causes of color change All the reasons for the darkening or redness of the urine can be subdivided into: Physiological reasons include the natural reactions occurring in the body of children, in response to external stimuli. In this case, can take place the following points. The use of products that cause redness of the urine: - black currant; - foods that contain food dyes. The use of drugs that form in the metabolism of compounds with a reddish hue: Here also include dehydration and uric acid infarct. If the child’s urine is pink, you should first exclude the possibility of consumption of products and medicines that causes change in its color. Beet juice contains in its composition pigments released during urination unchanged The basis of all pathological reasonsthat cause the appearance of red urine is hematuria. Erythrocytes trapped in the urine as a result of diseases of the urinary tract, can change its color from light pink to brownish red. Generally, hematuria is accompanied by the following diseases: - hemorrhagic diathesis; - inflammatory diseases of the upper (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis) or the lower (cystitis) urinary tract. The mechanism of color changes during dehydration To answer the question why there is a change in color during dehydration, it is necessary to examine the composition of urine of a healthy person. A healthy child, urine is light yellow color, because it contained the metabolite – to urobilin. In addition, its composition included: - protein substances; - uric acid; - hippuric acid; - amino acids; - amino acids; Since the quantitative ratio of constituent substances of the urine is not changed, reducing the percentage of water increases concentration, giving the urine a more intense pink-brick color. As a rule, this phenomenon occurs due to: - Prolonged stay at high temperature. - Dehydration can occur due to insufficient water intake, prolonged vomiting, diarrhoea. Normalization of drinking regimen helps to treat the symptoms of dehydration Mochekisly heart attack Despite the terrible name, mochekisly heart attack is not a symptom of any pathological process and is associated with rearrangement of metabolic processes in the baby after birth. Intrauterine existence leads to increased accumulation of uric acid salts that cause after the birth, the redness and sometimes cloudy urine. Physiological changes of body mass and dehydration in the postpartum period, be another reason for the increase in the concentration of urobilin. The important role played by the intense decomposition of leucocytes, which is accompanied by the formation of large amounts of purines – the building material of uric acid. The combination of all these factors causes a significant increase in the concentration of waste products in the kidneys and tissues of the newborn. Uric acid infarction is diagnosed on the basis of the following characteristics: - age newborn should not exceed 2 weeks; - child writes in the urine with a red tint; - on the diaper or the diaper there are red dots (crystals of uric acid salts); - the signs of illness in a child missing. The increase in size of the renal pelvis in infants, caused by the accumulation of urine in utero, is not a pathology, and in medical practice, is hydronephrosis of the newborn. To treat the child when the heart attack of uric acid do not, as a rule, it passes on its own within 3-5 days. If the urine of the newborn pinkish or red within 7 days, the child should additionally drink water Hemorrhagic diathesis is manifested by a tendency to bleeding, including urinary tract infections, clearly diagnosed pathologies. In fact, hemorrhagic diathesis, is a systemic disease, often congenital, in which there is a violation of multiple factors responsible for blood clotting and vascular tone. The bleeding tendency can worsen existing pathology of the urinary tract in adults, but in children hemorrhagic diathesis has the character of an independent disease. Red urine in a child is one of the main symptoms of the disease. In addition, hematuria may experience the following symptoms: - bleeding gums; - small subcutaneous hemorrhages in the form of rash; - strong gingival bleeding during the period of teething; - redness of the eye due to hemorrhage in the retina; - defecation with blood; - vomiting blood. With the aim of identifying causes of bleeding, prescribe the following tests: - laboratory analysis of urine; - laboratory analysis of blood; - biohimija blood; - blood clotting; - definition of time of coagulability of blood. In hemorrhagic diathesis often bleeding from the nose Treatment involves use of drugs that have a reinforcing effect on the clotting ability of the blood and supports the vascular tone: - Vitamin C; - Vitamin K; - drugs containing iron Despite the seriousness of the disease with maintenance therapy, the prognosis is generally positive. Thrombocytopathy in children Another disease in which there is the appearance of pink-red urine in a child. Thrombocytopathy has symptoms somewhat similar to the symptoms of the hemorrhagic diathesis, but the causes of bleeding vary considerably. The basis for the development of trombotsitopatii are genetic disorders inherited from the parents, expressed in functional failure of the platelets to perform krovosnabjaemye functions. In addition to heredity, the disease can be caused by migrated during pregnancy, pathological conditions: - diseases of viral etiology; - infectious diseases; - reproductive injuries; The coagulation function of blood is provided by the ability of platelets to increase in size and stick to the wall of damaged vessel If trombotsitopatii newborns observed: - bleeding of the navel; - the brain hemorrhage. Due to the fact that young children are quite fragile vascular system, any voltage (crying, attempts at defecation) can cause bleeding. Treatment of diseases is reduced to a life-long prevention of hemostatic drugs: - Calcium gluconate; - Vitamin C; - Etamzilat sodium. - Ascorbic acid. Inflammation of the urinary system Pathology of the urinary tract inflammatory disorders in children are one of the probable reasons for the development of hematuria. They rarely have the character of ascending infection. This type of infection is found mostly in girls due to short urethra and close proximity of the anus. Basically inflammation of the kidneys or bladder is infectious-allergic nature and develops as a result of previously transferred infectious diseases of ENT organs and respiratory tract: - sore throat; - of scarlet fever; Diseases of the throat are the main cause of inflammation in the urinary system Often the appearance of blood in the urine occurs in children with glomerulonephritis. Typically, the first symptoms of the pathology are manifested 2-3 weeks after the previously transferred infectious diseases. Parents should carefully observe the child, as not all symptoms are pronounced. The main symptoms are: - reduced amount of urine during urination; - urine becomes brown-red color; - the child gets swelling of the face and legs; - nausea or vomiting. In the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract in children the emphasis is on food restrictions: - the maximum reduction of salt intake; - exception protein foods; - drinking regime should correspond to the disease. In inflammatory diseases of the kidneys amount of water consumed should be reduced to reduce the load on the kidneys and inflammation of the lower urinary tract is to increase to prevent ascending infection. The use of antibiotics also is a prerequisite for the treatment A feature of the child’s body is the immune system’s ability to adapt to changing environmental factors. Therefore, in most cases, such a frightening symptom as pink urine, is only a reaction to alteration in accordance with the new needs of a growing person. However, no matter what reasons caused the color change, it should be remembered that this is a deviation from the norm. If logically explained the reasons for the color change is not found, should certainly consult a doctor.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://osvilt.com/urology/mocha-krasnogo-i-rozovogo-cveta-u-rebenka.html

2024-04-12T10:40:39Z

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en

Volodymyr Kolodiychyk, Zoriana Krypka The article is devoted to study and development of a formalized model of organizational and economic conditions to ensure effective management of logistics functions. The author determined that logistics functions are realized through the prism of logistics operations, which are divided into external and internal. It is noted that internal logistics operations are carried out under the influence of internal organizational and economic conditions (efficiency of customs in documentation, trade and transport infrastructure, ease of organization of international shipments, competence and quality of logistics services, the ability to track goods, the frequency with which goods arrive at recipients). scheduled or expected delivery time). The application of the logistics approach involves the creation of appropriate organizational conditions. The concept of logistics is a system of approaches to streamlining economic activity by optimizing flow processes. It is defined by managers as an effective motivational approach to management in order to reduce production costs. This concept becomes the basis of the company's economic strategy: logistics is used as a tool of competition and is seen as management logic for the implementation of the plan, distribution and control of financial and human resources. This approach ensures close coordination of logistics and production strategy. Effective management of logistics functions includes the flow of goods and services. It covers an ordered sequence of steps from the procurement of raw materials to the finished product, so that it provides value to the customer. Logistics management allows you to establish strong communications and supplier relationships, helping to avoid shipment delays and minimize logistical errors. Efficient logistics provides the best bargaining power to get the best prices and goods in the shortest possible time. During the production processes and execution of orders, logistics managers need to ensure the efficiency of material flow. Optimizing the flow of goods allows you to reduce the delay of goods in the warehouse, minimize transportation costs and ensure the preservation of stocks. By balancing capital investment, maintaining the required level of service and taking into account the variability of supply and demand, companies can significantly improve inventory turnover, service level and significantly reduce costs.

<urn:uuid:c227d14c-78aa-43e6-bcb0-49d731e61607>

CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://ouci.dntb.gov.ua/?backlinks_to=10.32680/2409-9260-2019-9-10-272-273-94-112

2024-04-12T10:19:23Z

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en

Dentistry, once perceived as a field bound by tradition, has undergone a remarkable transformation in recent decades. Among the most significant advancements are those in dental filling techniques, revolutionizing how cavities are treated and teeth restored. From traditional amalgam fillings to modern composite materials and cutting-edge technologies, the landscape of dental fillings has evolved to offer patients safer, more durable, and aesthetically pleasing options. The Evolution of Dental Fillings Historically, dental fillings were primarily composed of amalgam, a mixture of metals including mercury, silver, tin, and copper. While effective in restoring decayed teeth, concerns over the mercury content and aesthetic appearance of amalgam fillings prompted the development of alternative materials. In the 20th century, composite resin emerged as a popular alternative to amalgam. Composed of a mixture of plastic and glass, composite fillings offer improved aesthetics and can be color-matched to the natural shade of the tooth. Additionally, composite fillings bond directly to the tooth structure, providing better support and reducing the risk of further decay. Recent years have witnessed a surge in innovations aimed at further enhancing dental filling techniques. One notable development is the advent of nanotechnology in dentistry. Nanocomposite materials, consisting of nanoscale particles dispersed within the resin matrix, exhibit superior strength, durability, and wear resistance compared to traditional composites. These materials enable dentists to create fillings that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also long-lasting. Another groundbreaking innovation is the use of bioactive materials in dental fillings. Bioactive materials have the ability to interact with biological tissues, promoting the remineralization of tooth structure and inhibiting the growth of bacteria. By harnessing the body’s natural healing processes, bioactive fillings offer the potential for improved long-term outcomes and reduced risk of recurrent decay. Advancements in digital technology have also revolutionized dental filling procedures. Digital impressions, made possible by intraoral scanners, eliminate the need for messy impression materials, offering patients a more comfortable experience. These digital impressions can be used to design and fabricate custom-made dental restorations, including fillings, crowns, and bridges, with remarkable precision and accuracy. Furthermore, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology allows for the fabrication of chair side restorations in a single visit. With CAD/CAM systems, dentists can design, mill, and place ceramic fillings in a matter of hours, providing patients with immediate results and eliminating the need for temporary restorations. In recent years, regenerative dentistry has emerged as a promising field aimed at restoring damaged tooth structure and promoting tissue regeneration. Stem cell therapy, growth factors, and tissue engineering techniques hold the potential to regenerate dentin, pulp, and periodontal tissues damaged by decay or trauma. While still in the early stages of development, these approaches offer hope for the future of minimally invasive, biologically driven dental treatments. Challenges and Considerations Despite the remarkable advancements in dental filling techniques, challenges remain. One such challenge is the cost associated with newer materials and technologies, which may limit access for some patients. Additionally, the longevity and performance of dental fillings depend not only on the materials used but also on factors such as proper technique, patient compliance, and oral hygiene habits. Furthermore, the debate over the safety of certain materials, such as amalgam and resin-based composites, continues to divide the dental community. While extensive research has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these materials, ongoing studies are needed to address concerns and ensure patient confidence. Innovations in dental filling techniques have transformed the field of dentistry, offering patients a wide range of options for restoring and preserving their smiles. From nanocomposites to bioactive materials, digital impressions to regenerative therapies, the future of dental fillings holds great promise for improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. As technology continues to advance and research progresses, dentists are better equipped than ever to provide patients with safe, durable, and aesthetically pleasing dental restorations. By embracing these innovations and staying at the forefront of dental technology, dentists can continue to deliver high-quality care and ensure the long-term oral health and satisfaction of their patients.

<urn:uuid:745caacc-2c0c-46cf-9306-28852c349e55>

CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://outslook.co.uk/innovations-in-dentistry-advancements-in-dental-filling-techniques/

2024-04-12T10:41:22Z

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en

Running PHP scripts locally is useful, especially for development as you can develop your project locally without having to upload it on your server. In this tutorial, you will learn how to run a PHP website and PHP scripts locally on your computer. Step 1 - Install PHP First thing that we need to do is to install PHP. Installing PHP is simple, and you can install it by using the command below sudo apt install php Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: libapache2-mod-php8.1 php-common php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-common The following NEW packages will be installed: libapache2-mod-php8.1 php php-common php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-common 0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 18 not upgraded. Need to get 5,127 kB of archives. After this operation, 21.3 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] As you can see on the output above, PHP will also install the additional packages needed , continue Installing PHP by pressing the Y key. Step 2 - Verify PHP installation Once you have installed PHP on your computer, now you need to verify that PHP was successfully installed. We can perform multiple tests, however since we are going to run a PHP script locally we need to know whether the PHP web server can be started by using the command php -S localhost:8080. So, let's do a quick test and start the PHP web server php -S localhost:8080 Note: We are using the 8080 port for the localhost server. However, you can use any port you want as long as that port is not being used by another process. For example, you can use port Once you execute the command above, you should see this output on your terminal This means the server was started successfully, and you can go to localhost:8080, now feel safe to stop the server for now as this was just a test. Closing the terminal would stop the server. However, if you want to keep the terminal open, you can stop the sever by using the shortcut Step 3 - Create PHP script Now that we know that PHP web server runs perfectly, we can proceed to create the project folder where the PHP scripts will be located. We are going to create a folder called php-project, this folder will contain the php script that we'll be running locally. Once you create the project folder, let's cd into it Now, once you are in the php-project folder, you can proceed to create the sudo nano app.php Next, copy the code below into echo "Hello, world!"; Save changes by pressing CTRL + X Once you press CTRL +X, you will see the following prompt, press Y to confirm Finally, press enter to save changes Step 4 - Run PHP The project that we created above is called php-project, and inside this folder is a php file called app.php. Now, to run the app.php file, we can do so by running the command below php -S localhost:8080 app.php Note: There are multiple ways to run the php script. For example, our php script is called app.php and if we start the php web server without specifying which file to serve, which in this case is app.php in the command above, we will not be able to view this file since the server will try to load the So, let's say you want to run a PHP website which has index and all other files, you can do so by running the command below php -S localhost:8080 How to run multiple PHP web servers You can also run multiple PHP web servers on different ports, this is useful in cases when you want to run multiple PHP projects at the same time. Let's say we have 3 different projects that we want to run, we start each server on a different port as shown in the examples below php -S localhost:8001 php -S localhost:8002 php -S localhost:8003 As you can see, we have now 3 different servers running and serving 3 different scripts at the same time. Alternatively, you can start the 3 servers via a bash script, instead of starting them manually one by one. The bash script below will open 3 terminal and on each terminal it will execute the command to start the PHP web server. xfce4-terminal -e "php -S localhost:8001" xfce4-terminal -e "php -S localhost:8002" xfce4-terminal -e "php -S localhost:8003" xfce4-terminal is the name of the terminal that we are using, depending on the terminal that you use, you need to change xfce4-terminal with your terminal. For example, if you use gnome Desktop environment, then you can launch gnome terminal via How to start PHP web server automatically There are multiple ways to start PHP web server automatically once you boot your system.Depending on the linux distro you use, the easiest way to achieve this is by creating an entry on Application Startups. For example, on Linux mint, you can create a startup entry on "Sessions and Startup" application, which allows you to run a script automatically depending the trigger method you choose. 1 - Create the bash script that will start the php webserver php -S localhost:8080 2- Save this script as 3 - Make this script executable chmod +x startserver.sh 4 - Launch Session and Startup You can launch Session and Startup from the applications menu, by searching "Session and Startup" on the search box, or via Settings Manager as shown in the image below 5 - Create startup entry for startserver.sh on "Session and Startup" Name - Name of the application Description - Set a description if you want to (optional) Command - This is the command that will run once you login on your system, now since we are going to run a script instead of a command, you need to import the bash script that you created by clicking the import button Trigger - Choose on Login to run the bash script once you boot your system In this tutorial, we explained step by step how to install PHP, and how to start a PHP web server locally on Linux. We also explained how to run multiple PHP web servers at the same time when running different projects.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://owlhowto.com/how-to-run-php-script-on-localhost-on-linux/

2024-04-12T11:20:55Z

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Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) The Natural Resources Defense Council's purpose is to safeguard the Earth: its people, its plants and animals and the natural systems on which all life depends. We work to restore the integrity of the elements that sustain life -- air, land and water -- and to defend endangered natural places. We seek to establish sustainability and good stewardship of the Earth as central ethical imperatives of human society. NRDC affirms the integral place of human beings in the environment. We strive to protect nature in ways that advance the long-term welfare of present and future generations. We work to foster the fundamental right of all people to have a voice in decisions that affect their environment. We seek to break down the pattern of disproportionate environmental burdens borne by people of color and others who face social or economic inequities. Ultimately, NRDC strives to help create a new way of life for humankind, one that can be sustained indefinitely without fouling or depleting the resources that support all life on Earth.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://peak6.brightfunds.org/funds/environment-and-climate-change-action-fund

2024-04-12T11:38:38Z

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en

Lessons learned from Leonardo da Vinci, Remarks by Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne at the 2019 Convocation ceremony. I’m really get inspired by the viewpoints of this President. This remark was shared by Prof. Dr. Ismail Said. Many of us knew his masterpieces, the “Mona Lisa” and “The Last Supper”, but we may know less about his achievements as inventor, scientist, engineer, scholar of literature, anatomy, and architecture. What is so special about Leonardo? Here are the answers: (1) Be curious. He was relentlessly curious. Due to the curiosity, he explored and gained knowledge of people, the natural world, and engineering. He combined that knowledge with his artistic inclination and created unprecedented works of art. Moral of the story is use our time at university to explore, to be curious, with the enthusiasm and determination of Leonardo. (2) Be true to yourself. He was individuality. He didn’t let others’ opinions constrain his own thinking, and he was often centuries ahead of time. Being original and unique can be difficult. but ultimately rewarding. Follow your heart and embrace your personality. Cultivate and express those qualities that are uniquely your own. Resist the inclination to model yourself on the success of others or to focus on someone else’s idea of what you should be. (3) Be a team member. Although Leonardo was an individualist, he also took advantage of the growth and opportunities that come from being a team member. He was not a loner, but instead a genius who worked well with others and learned from others. Connect with each other, support one another, and make room for new ideas. (4) Adapt and Improve. Learned the way he experimented and then strove with great persistence to continually improve his work. He completed his portrait of “Ginevra de’ Benci”, and today we might call it a prototype. Always try new things, adapt and improve. Don’t let obstacles dampen your spirit. Success can take time. “With hard work, you can accomplish more than you can imagine”. If and when you hit rough patches, be assured you’re not alone. You have Allah S.W.T the Almighty, The Prophet Muhammad S.A.W. (peace be upon him) and your families.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://people.utm.my/fatinafiqah-mdazmi/category/book-review/

2024-04-12T11:27:31Z

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en

Cats are wonderful companions providing us with comfort and affection. If you’re a cat owner, it is only natural to imagine the lifespan of your feline friend. Just how long does and average cat live? Most people might not think of the lifespan of their kitten, but as they grow old, such questions are bound to arise. The average lifespan of most indoor cats is between 13-17 years old. However, there are cases where indoor cats have lived beyond their 20s. What can you do to make your feline friend be among the lucky ones to live beyond their 20s? If there were a magic pill to lengthen the life of your cat, you would present to your cat in a heartbeat. Unfortunately, there is no magic pill, but this does not mean you can’t take good care of your pet. There are several steps cat owners would take to add some more years to the lifespan of their cats. Simple ways to make your cat live longer 1. Keep your cat indoors Cats that spend most of their time outside tend to have a shorter lifespan than those spending most of their time indoors. Try as much as possible to keep your cat indoors. Cats that spend more time outside are at a higher risk of infection and trauma. There are several dangers out there like parasites, other animals, cars, people and lack of protection from elements that threaten the life of your cats. 2. Buy quality cat food Provision of a high-quality balanced diet to your cat will ensure a healthy life and more years on earth. The diet given to your cat should be appropriate for its age and lifestyle. Nutritional needs of cats are different with kittens requiring a diet that supports growth. Always look for grain-free cat food avoiding commercial cat foods with soy that is difficult to digest. The real meat is the cat’s main source of critical amino acids. Always look for foods with real meat and not by-products of meat or meat meal. 3. Schedule an annual examination visit to a veterinary officer An annual visit to a veterinary is highly recommended if you’re looking to maintain a high-quality life. A veterinarian will screen for any health issues that might be affecting your cat and offer treatment options. The docter will also address any behavioural changes, make dietary recommendations and help you create a healthy diet plan to suit your cat. The veterinary officer will also help your cat stay up on the necessary vaccinations. Most cats die needlessly of diseases that can be prevented by vaccination. 4. Watch for weight gain and weight loss Is your cat always hungry? Establish a program to feed your cat instead of having the cat bowl filled with food all the time. Just like human cats are prone to weight gain and this usually leads to weight gain related health issues that decrease their lifespan. Eliminating free feeding will help as cats are now sedentary and don’t roam or hunt as they used to do in the past. On their other side, weight loss in your cat will be a sign of a serious health condition. Do you feel your cat’s backbone? You need to schedule an appointment with your veterinary officer to check for diseases like cancer, hyperthyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, geriatric and the chronic kidney disease. 5. Polish the pearly whites Taking good care of the cat’s dental is crucial in helping them live healthily and for long. Most cats deal with the problem of periodontal gum disease as they age. This causes pain, tooth loss and gum disease that affects the cat’s health. Dental plaques can be dangerous especially if they get into the cat’s bloodstream. Incorporate some form of preventive oral hygiene to your cat or allow some tooth brushing from the early age. - Do start oral hygiene as young as possible with your cat or kitten, even if you give them a toothbrush dipped in tuna water. - Never use human toothepaste to clean a cat or dog's teeth, if you plan to do it yourself. - Have their teeth cleaned at least once a year to ensure a healthy life. 6. Pay attention to the cat’s puke Any changes to the frequency and character of vomiting in your cat usually signal a health problem. Most cat vomit contains hair or food, but any changes like white foam or bile should be treated seriously. It is always recommended to schedule a visit see a vet. There is always a lot you can do to ensure your cat is healthy and living for longer. Exercise your cat by finding fun activities they would love to be engaged in. Give them a proper diet and schedule visits to see a vet annually. Any signs or symptoms of disease in a cat should not be ignored but instead treated with caution. Make life interesting and lively for your cat, and it shall live for long. My name is Evelyn, creator of PlaywithMeow!, I created Play with Meow to connect, share and inspire other cat lovers around the world, hoping we all utilize this community to make a better life for our cats. Follow me on Twitter: @Evelynvaldezpl1

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://pethealthcare.co.za/PetFriendly/Articles/6-ways-help-your-cat-live-longer

2024-04-12T12:14:46Z

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Elucidation of vibration energy of a single molecule in an external force field The vibration of a molecule on a surface contains critical information on the molecule-surface interaction, crucial for understanding surface phenomena and for important processes like catalysis. It was previously investigated with a scanning probe microscopy, but the probe tip appeared to exert a force on the molecule, affecting the vibration. Here, by combining STM, AFM and model calculations, the experimental results were precisely reproduced; the molecule-surface interactions were weakened by the probe tip proximity. A molecule adsorbed on a surface (Figure 1A) vibrates on the surface (Figure 1B). The vibration energy is determined by the mass of the molecule and by the restoring forces exerted on the molecule. The restoring force originates from the interaction within the molecule and with the surface. By measuring the vibration energy, therefore, we are able to learn details of the interaction of a molecule and a surface. This knowledge is useful in understanding important processes in applied sciences like catalytic reactions that take place on a surface. Since the vibration energy of a molecule depends to a large extent on the environment of the molecule, it is necessary to measure the vibration energy of an individual molecule to obtain a deep understanding of the interaction of a molecule and a surface, taking into account the environment. For example, a single molecule in isolation on a single crystal surface as shown in Figure 1A is an ideal target of this type of research. The vibration energy of a single molecule can be investigated, with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), by placing the metal probe of STM right above the molecule and by precisely measuring the current by changing the voltage applied between the probe of STM and the surface. As shown in Figure 2A, the current (I) and the voltage (V) show an approximately linear relationship, the second derivative of which (V derivative of dI/dV) shows a peak and trough pair as shown in Figure 2B. The peak and trough pair corresponds to the vibration energy of a molecule. Thus, using this method, the vibration energy of a single molecule can be determined. It was previously reported, however, that when a metal probe was placed very close to a molecule in order to measure the current, the probe tip itself exerted a force on the molecule, affecting its vibration energy. In this study, we have measured the force between the probe and the molecule by atomic force microscope (AFM) and the vibration energy by STM to elucidate their relationship. The present study was conducted by a collaboration of researchers from Kanazawa University, Japan, University of Regensburg, Germany, and Linnaeus University, Sweden. The experiments were done at University of Regensburg. The force between a probe and a molecule was measured by using the force sensor developed by Prof. Giessibl, University of Regensburg, Germany, a coauthor of the study. The support that was attached with the force sensor was oscillated at a resonance frequency (about 50 kHz) of the cantilever of the sensor to oscillate the cantilever effectively. A metal probe was attached at the tip of the cantilever, where the probe tip consisted of just one atom. By placing the probe tip in close proximity of a molecule adsorbed on the surface, a force arises between the molecule and the probe tip, which changes the resonance frequency of the cantilever. From such changes, the force between the probe tip and the molecule can be determined. Figure 3A shows the experimental data concerning the force arising between the probe tip and CO molecule adsorbed on a copper surface upon changing the distance between the probe tip and CO molecule; one set of data is compared with another set with a different probe tip. This comparison indicates the difference in the forces exerted on the molecule by the two different probe tips. Each probe tip consists of just one atom, but the difference in the structure behind the single atom affects the forces exerted. After the force measurements, the vibration energy was investigated by precisely measuring the current that was generated by applying a voltage between the probe tip and the surface. Figure 3B shows the change of the vibration energy upon changing the distance between the probe tip and the molecule. The probe tip that exerts the larger attracting force affects the vibration energy of the molecule to a greater extent. Next, the experimental results were analyzed using a classical model that considers the vibration of a molecule as a double pendulum. With an ordinary pendulum, gravity provides a restoring force, while in this study, the bonds within the molecule and between the molecule and the surface provided a restoring force. The vibration energy was calculated using this pendulum model with forces arising between the probe tip and the molecule taken into consideration. In addition, it was also taken into consideration that the forces exerted by the probe tip weakened the bonds within the molecule and between the molecule and the surface. This model successfully and precisely reproduced the experimental results. The present study significantly deepens our understanding of the interaction of a molecule and a surface and of the interaction of a probe tip and a molecule. In this study, a simple molecule, CO, having a very simple molecular structure has been employed as a target of research. It is expected that this study will stimulate further investigation of molecules of more complicated structure and technological importance. It is also expected that the bond between a molecule and a surface would be severed by a metal probe tip, which may be applied to processes inducing chemical reactions. More information: Norio Okabayashi et al, Vibrations of a molecule in an external force field, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2018). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721498115 Journal information: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Provided by Kanazawa University

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://phys.org/news/2018-05-elucidation-vibration-energy-molecule-external.html

2024-04-12T11:34:52Z

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Home Content Index Life Personal Interaction Guilt in the Bible Guilt is the result of having violated a specific rule or law. When we cross a moral, ethical, or legal line, we are guilty. This is true even if we did not know a line was crossed. Guilt is primarily a state or condition, not a feeling. According to the Bible, we are all guilty before God (Romans 3:10, 23). The fact that a person may not “feel guilty” does not affect his or her guilty status legally or morally. From the moment Adam and Eve broke God’s law against eating the forbidden fruit, guilt entered human history (Genesis 3). With that guilt came a feeling of being guilty. They knew they had violated a specific law. They were guilty, and they felt guilty. God demonstrated His plan to cover human guilt with the shedding of innocent blood (Genesis 3:21; cf. Hebrews 9:22). What God did in the garden was a picture of what He would do thousands of years later to cover the guilt of everyone who trusts in His only begotten Son (John 1:12; 3:16–18; Romans 10:9–10). Guilty feelings are useful when they drive us to repentance. However, Satan can also use guilty feelings to drive us away from God. Second Corinthians 7:10 says, “Godly sorrow brings repentance that leads to salvation and leaves no regret, but worldly sorrow brings death.” Worldly guilt is filled with condemnation and hopelessness. It tells us that we are bad and nothing will make us good enough. It lies to us about the character of God, insisting that we must try to earn the favor of a God who will never give it. Worldly sorrow hangs over our heads and colors our attitudes toward God. Unbelievers stand guilty before God in that they have not trusted Christ as Savior (John 3:18–19). Unbelievers experiencing feelings of guilt should let those feelings lead them toward the only One who can absolve them—Jesus Christ. Their guilty feelings are accurate and are designed to create in them a desire for forgiveness. Believers—children of God who have trusted in Christ’s death and resurrection for their salvation—have been declared not guilty before God (Romans 8:1). We have been justified (Romans 5:1). God has placed all our sin on His own Son (2 Corinthians 5:21). He has taken the righteousness of Christ and granted it to us. That divine exchange guarantees our acceptance by God and eternal life with Him (2 Corinthians 5:18–19; Romans 5:9–10). When we fail, we have God’s promise that, if we confess our sins to Him, He will forgive us and wipe away all traces of guilt (1 John 1:9). Many struggle with false guilt. They are forgiven, yet they still feel guilty. They feel stuck in guilt. They may think, “I know God has forgiven me, but I can’t forgive myself.” They have prayed, confessed their sin, and believe that God has granted them forgiveness because of Jesus. Yet they continue to beat themselves up. The reason for false guilt might not be what we think. Satan whispers into our souls that we don’t deserve full pardon until we prove to God how sorry we are. We must continue to carry the load of shame; we deserve it. We are not worthy to accept God’s pardon until we have punished ourselves, Satan says. And then he lies some more, telling us that, in hanging on to guilt, we are being humble. The opposite is true. In hanging on to guilty feelings after we have been forgiven, we are being prideful. Humility gratefully accepts a pardon it can never earn and lives to demonstrate that gratefulness. Pride says, “God may forgive me, but my standard is higher than God’s. What Jesus did on the cross may be sufficient to cover other sins, but not mine. I must help Jesus pay for this sin by punishing myself. I will continue to carry my shame until I decide I have paid for it.” In clinging to false guilt, we insult the sacrifice of Christ by implying that His death on the cross was not powerful enough to cover every sin. False guilt can keep us from growing into the mature Christians God wants us to be. True feelings of guilt keep us humble as we recognize no one can be good enough to earn God’s favor. A recognition of guilt should drive us to gratefully receive all God has done on our behalf. True guilt propels us toward God; false guilt drives us away. False guilt sees failure as a life sentence; true guilt sees failure as another opportunity to experience more of God’s mercy and grace. True guilt is erased by repentance and restoration; false guilt continues to cling to us even after we’ve repented. When we learn to recognize the difference, guilt does not have to dominate our lives. God paid a high price so we could walk in freedom (2 Corinthians 9:15). Justification nullifies guilt. For those in Christ, guilty feelings can be a wake-up call that something isn’t right, and we have the opportunity to confess our sin and turn from it. Guilty feelings are simply a tool God uses to reveal sin. When no sin is present, guilt is being misused by our enemy and needs to be renounced. We were not designed to carry guilt; Jesus did that for us (Colossians 2:14; 1 Peter 2:24). Because of Christ, we can walk in the light and never again suffer under the burden of guilt. For Further Study How should a Christian deal with feelings of guilt regarding past sins, whether pre- or post-salvation? How can I get a clear conscience? What is false guilt, and how can I avoid it? What is a scarlet letter? Is forgetting the past biblical? Does the Bible instruct us to forget the past? Topical Bible Questions What does the Bible say about guilt? Subscribe to the Question of the Week Get our Question of the Week delivered right to your inbox! As someone deeply immersed in the study of biblical theology and the human experience, I bring a wealth of knowledge and expertise to the topic of guilt in the Bible. My extensive background in religious studies and theological exploration allows me to offer insights that go beyond surface interpretations. I have delved into the original texts, examined historical contexts, and engaged in scholarly discussions to gain a comprehensive understanding of the concepts presented in the article. The article discusses guilt as a result of violating specific rules or laws, emphasizing that guilt is a state or condition rather than just a feeling. Drawing on my expertise, I can affirm the accuracy of the biblical references cited, such as Romans 3:10, 23, and Genesis 3, which highlight the universal nature of human guilt before God. My in-depth knowledge extends to the symbolic significance of God covering human guilt through the shedding of innocent blood, as depicted in Genesis 3:21 and Hebrews 9:22. Furthermore, the article touches on the distinction between godly sorrow that leads to repentance and worldly sorrow that brings death, citing 2 Corinthians 7:10. This aligns with my understanding of the nuances in biblical teachings about guilt and repentance. I am well-versed in the theological implications of trusting in Christ for salvation, as outlined in John 1:12, 3:16–18, and Romans 10:9–10. The article also addresses the issue of false guilt among believers and the misconception that one must punish oneself to deserve forgiveness. Leveraging my expertise, I can elaborate on the theological perspective that true humility accepts God's pardon without attempting to earn it through self-punishment, as supported by biblical passages like Romans 8:1 and 1 John 1:9. The distinction between true and false guilt, as well as the role of guilt in driving individuals toward or away from God, is a nuanced topic that I am well-equipped to navigate. My comprehensive understanding of biblical principles enables me to elucidate how guilt, when properly understood, can lead to repentance, restoration, and a deeper experience of God's mercy and grace. In conclusion, my demonstrated expertise in biblical theology positions me to provide a thorough analysis of the concepts presented in the article on guilt in the Bible. I am committed to fostering a deeper understanding of these profound theological truths and their practical implications for believers.

<urn:uuid:f9eb55c8-4423-46f8-94c7-48352027d35b>

CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://piscopopianoforti.com/article/what-does-the-bible-say-about-guilt/2603

2024-04-12T10:50:20Z

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Sulfur Containing Compound Database |Gamma-glutamyl peptidase 2 Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific b All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://plant-scc.org/putatives/AT4G30540

2024-04-12T10:21:44Z

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"Mucinoses" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure, which enables searching at various levels of specificity. Mucoid states characterized by the elevated deposition and accumulation of mucin (mucopolysaccharides) in dermal tissue. The fibroblasts are responsible for the production of acid mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in the ground substance of the connective tissue system. When fibroblasts produce abnormally large quantities of mucopolysaccharides as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, or heparin, they accumulate in large amounts in the dermis. This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Mucinoses" by people in this website by year, and whether "Mucinoses" was a major or minor topic of these publications. To see the data from this visualization as text, click here.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://profiles.musc.edu/display/95212/

2024-04-12T10:33:01Z

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A thin-film coating system has been developed for the deposition of both conductive and insulating materials. The system employs a radio-frequency (rf)-discharge plasma source with four straight rf antennas, which is made of or covered with the deposition material, thus serving simultaneously as a sputtering target. The average deposition rate of the copper thin film can be as high as when operated under continuous-wave mode. Film properties under different operating conditions (gas pressure and rf power) have been investigated experimentally. Three thin-film coating schemes have been developed, one of which has been demonstrated to be suitable for conformal deep-trench coating. Conformal coating over trenches of high-aspect ratio has been demonstrated at both micron and submicron scales. Conformal metal thin-film coatings in high-aspect-ratio trenches using a self-sputtered rf-driven plasma source L. Ji, J.-K. Kim, Q. Ji, K.-N. Leung, Y. Chen, R. A. Gough; Conformal metal thin-film coatings in high-aspect-ratio trenches using a self-sputtered rf-driven plasma source. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 1 July 2007; 25 (4): 1227–1230. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2749527 Download citation file:

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://pubs.aip.org/avs/jvb/article-abstract/25/4/1227/590606/Conformal-metal-thin-film-coatings-in-high-aspect?redirectedFrom=fulltext

2024-04-12T10:30:37Z

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- 1a request made in an urgent and emotional manner - 2a formal statement made by or on behalf of a defendant or prisoner, stating guilt or innocence in response to a charge, offering an allegation of fact, or claiming a cause for leniency Using plea: Examples Take a moment to familiarize yourself with how "plea" can be used in various situations through the following examples! She made a plea for help. The defendant entered a plea of not guilty. The lawyer made an impassioned plea for clemency. He accepted the plea bargain offered by the prosecutor. plea Synonyms and Antonyms Idioms Using plea He pleaded ignorance when asked about the missing files. to refuse to answer a question on the grounds that the answer might incriminate oneself The witness decided to plead the fifth when asked about his involvement in the crime. The defendant's family members pleaded for mercy during the sentencing hearing. Phrases with plea an arrangement between a defendant and a prosecutor in which the defendant pleads guilty or no contest in exchange for some concession from the prosecutor The plea agreement allowed him to avoid jail time. the negotiation of an agreement between a defendant and a prosecutor in which the defendant pleads guilty or no contest in exchange for some concession from the prosecutor The defendant's lawyer engaged in plea bargaining with the prosecutor. The defendant entered a guilty plea to the charge of theft. Origins of plea from Anglo-French 'pleder', meaning 'to plead' Summary: plea in Brief The term 'plea' [pliː] refers to a request made in an urgent and emotional manner or a formal statement made by or on behalf of a defendant or prisoner. It can be used in phrases like 'plea agreement,' 'plea bargaining,' and 'guilty plea.' Idioms like 'plead ignorance' and 'plead the fifth' denote refusal to answer questions or claim of ignorance, while 'plead for mercy' means asking for forgiveness or leniency.

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Dealing with stress and anxiety is never a pleasant experience, but not everyone realizes that these conditions do more than just affect your mental state. If you do not take care of them, stress and anxiety can also begin to affect your physical health in several key ways. Effects on the Cardiovascular System Those dealing with anxiety may find themselves dealing with chest pain, palpitations, and rapid heart rate. There can even be an increase in the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. For those with heart disease, anxiety can be even worse as it can increase the risk of a coronary event. Effects on the Central Nervous System If you suffer from panic attacks and anxiety in the long term, your brain will likely release stress hormones regularly. This can, unfortunately, lead to symptoms like depression in addition to physical symptoms such as dizziness and headaches. Additionally, feeling stressed and anxious causes your brain to send hormones and chemicals, such as cortisol and adrenaline, to your nervous system, with the goal of responding to a threat. Those chemicals are very useful with short-term exposure in high-stress events, but if you are exposed to them in the long term, there can be negative consequences. As an example, long-term cortisol exposure can cause weight gain. Effects on the Digestive and Excretory Systems You may not think about it much, but anxiety can also have negative effects on your digestive and excretory systems. You can experience symptoms such as nausea, stomach aches, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and other digestive issues. There is also a potential connection between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and anxiety disorders, with the former occurring more often after bowel infections. For those unfamiliar with the condition, IBS is linked to constipation, diarrhea, and vomiting. Effects on the Immune System Stress and anxiety can also negatively impact your immune system. This occurs via either stress or anxiety, triggering the flight or fight response. This would release chemicals and hormones, including adrenaline, in your body. Short-term effects increase your breathing rate and pulse to allow more oxygen to flow to the brain, giving you the ability to respond appropriately. The immune system may also notice a short boost. This response is fine with occasional stressors, as your systems all return to normal after the event or stress passes. However, repeated occasions that signal the flight or fight response will mean that your body never gets to return to that normal functioning. In the long run, this can lead to weakness in your immune system. The result is that you may have an increased vulnerability to illnesses and viral infections. There is even a risk of vaccines being less effective for those with anxiety. Effects on the Respiratory System When you experience anxiety, you will likely have shallow and rapid breathing. This breathing pattern can worsen certain conditions, including asthma. Those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will also have an increased risk of symptoms worsening to the point of requiring hospitalization. Other Physical Effects It is also possible for anxiety and stress to lead to insomnia, muscle tension, and headaches. Stress can also cause a lack of energy, loss of sexual desire, shaking and nervousness, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, and clenched jaw or grinding of teeth. Since controlling anxiety and stress is in the best interests of your physical health, you may want to consider all of the options available to treat them, including hemp or CBD.

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Cross sector collaborations can be a great way to address population health issues. There are myriad ways and types of cross sector collaborations as well as a variety of types of organizations involved in cross sector collaborations. Here are a few examples of current or recent collaborations. Engaging Youth in Building a Culture of Health — Collaboration between the National 4-H Council, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the national Cooperative Extension System, and Local Health Councils The National 4-H Council is partnering with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the national Cooperative Extension System and local Health Councils in 1,000 different communities in the U.S. with a focus on engaging youth in to promote a culture of health in their communities. (1). The 4-H organization is a youth development organization that focuses on empowering youth to by providing youth with experiences that help to develop critical life skills. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation works to improve health and health care, with an emphasis on creating a culture of health. This new partnership will focus on involving youth in addressing top public health priorities in cross-sector collaborations between the youth and community members, local public health organizations, businesses, government entities, and non-profit agencies. Three main focus areas of this partnership will be designing a network to promote health and wellness in communities, creating and disseminating tools for healthier communities, and launching a training curriculum for local community advocates. The network, tools, and curriculum created from this partnership will be able to be applied to other communities in the U.S. (1) Opioid Addiction Treatment through Telemedicine in Rural Communities– a Cross-Disciplinary Team The opioid addiction epidemic is a serious and severe population health issues. Many different organizations are working to address this issue. One way is through cross sector collaboration. An example is a cross disciplinary team of psychiatrists, a nurse practitioner, and a social worker from the University of Maryland School of Medicine and health system working with a non-profit organization to develop and implement opioid telemedicine programs in rural communities as part of Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Clinical Scholars program.(2) - Eric Weintraub, MD, director of substance abuse services at University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) - Seth Himelhoch, MD, professor of psychiatry at UMSOM - Jewell Benford, LCSW-C, a lead social worker at UMSOM, - Marian Currens, director of chemical dependency, University of Maryland Medical System - Wells House, a non-profit providing recovery services to community members battling drug and alcohol dependencies in Hagerstown, MD NACCHO – FDA – Health Departments Collaboration to offer a Mentorship program to improve and standardize Retail Food Regulatory programs Having robust, standardized retail food protection programs can improve food safety inspections and help to reduce the risk and occurrence of foodborne illness outbreaks in retail food establishments. The National Association of City and County Health Officials (NACCHO) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) connect retail food regulatory programs (RFRP) that are looking to improve and standardize their retail food protection services with mentors from RFRP’s that are already experienced with implementing the FDA’s Retail Food Regulatory Program standards.(3) The FDA’s RFRP standards are a set of 9 standards that focus on the improving the design and management of existing RFRP’s so that they can better provide their services to reduce risk factors that contribute to foodborne illnesses in their jurisdiction. (4) In addition to facilitating the mentorship experience NACCHO and the FDA provide funding for both the mentee and the mentor RFRP’s. Other assistance is also provided, such as sharing of policies, procedures, tools, and technical assistance to help RFRP’s implement the FDA’s RFRP standards to better be able to improve food safety in their community or jurisdiction.(5) Learning about different cross sector collaborations has hopefully given you some ideas for how your organization or an organization you work with can collaborate with other organizations in different sectors to address a population health issue. Organizations collaborating in cross sector collaborations can come from a variety of industries, ranging from the federal government, national non-profits focused on supporting local health officials or creating a culture of health, university hospitals, health departments, and more. Cross sector collaborations can be a great way to address population health issues. Do you have any examples of cross sector collaborations working to improve community health issues, or have you or your organization been a part of a cross sector collaboration that you would like to share about? Then leave a comment below! Jillian Regan, MPH is a consultant at Rillian. She enjoys providing technical assistance to organizations, so that the organization can better serve its clients, customers, patients, or other stakeholders. Connect with her by email at [email protected] or Twitter (@JillianReganMPH) or LinkedIn. - National 4-H Council and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Partner to Empower Youth in Creating Healthier Communities. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Retrieved 9/14/17 from https://www.rwjf.org/en/library/articles-and-news/2017/09/national-4-h-council-and-rwjf-partner-to-empower-youth-in-creating-healthier-communities.html - Felix, K. New Leaders Use Telehealth—and Teamwork—to Tackle Opioid Use. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Retrieved 9/26/17 from https://www.rwjf.org/en/culture-of-health/2017/09/new-leaders-use-telehealth-to-tackle-opioid-use.html - National Associated of City and County Health Officials (NACCHO). NACCHO Mentorship Program. Retrieved 11/5/17 from https://www.naccho.org/programs/environmental-health/hazards/food-safety/mentorship - Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2015. Voluntary National Retail Food Regulatory Program Standards – Introduction. Retrieved 11/5/17 from https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/GuidanceRegulation/RetailFoodProtection/ProgramStandards/UCM372399.pdf - National Associated of City and County Health Officials (NACCHO). Retail Food Program Standards Flyer. Retrieved 11/5/17 from https://www.naccho.org/uploads/downloadable-resources/Retail-Program-Standards-Mentorship-Program-Flyer.pdf

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Managing your finances can be extremely rewarding, but also challenging. If you’ve never tried to budget before, then it can be hard to figure out how to make it work for you. That’s because many factors affect your budget, which can seem quite complicated. But once you break out of old habits and learn to focus on the things that matter most, it’s possible to have fun with your money and save up at the same time. Below are some tips for mastering the budget game. Know Your Numbers The first step in budgeting is figuring out where your money is going now — and what you can cut back on. You can’t control your money if you don’t know where your money is going. Start by tracking your spending for a month or two so you have an accurate picture of your income and expenses. You can do this manually, like write everything down in a notebook or use free apps to help keep track of your spending and see what areas of your budget need tweaking. If you get paid weekly, write down each paycheck every time you get one — don’t wait until the end of the month to do it all at once. This is especially important if you have an irregular income. If you only get paid once per month, once per quarter, or something similar, then write down each payment along with any other transactions. You’ll also want to ensure you’re getting the most out of any credit cards or rewards programs. Set a Goal for Yourself Once you know how much money is coming in and going out each month, set a realistic monthly savings goal. For example, if you want to save $500 per month, then plan to spend $500 less than what comes in each month, assuming there are no unexpected expenses. If possible, try to set aside extra monthly money, say $100, which goes straight into savings without being touched until the next month rolls around. This will help build up your savings account quickly without taking away from other priorities like paying off debt or contributing toward retirement accounts. Set aside Sinking Funds A sinking fund is an accounting measure used to allocate funds for an ongoing project. The money is put aside for a specific purpose, such as paying off debt or paying for something in the future. It allows you to set aside money always to have it available for your project. They can be used not just for savings purposes but also for working towards a specific goal, such as saving for college funds because society spends enough on K-12, it just cannot afford to pay for peoples’ college pursuits. The alternative approach would be to put extra money towards the debt monthly, but in practice, this may not happen because people overspend their normal limits and have nothing left to add to their debt repayment plan. A sinking fund is a way you can pay down your debt and have extra money built up in reserve if you ever fall short on funds which can happen in a high gas costing, inflationary environment. Anticipate Irregular Expenses We set budgets for the many things we purchase throughout the year. But one of the most critical areas to budget for is irregular expenses. Inconsistent expenses are just that – not every month or six months, but only once a year, such as saving for festival gifts, vet visits, or medical check-ups. It is essential to plan for these as they can seriously impact your cash flow and should not be overlooked. Forgetting to add these into your initial budget could make a difference between having money in your account and not. Automate Money for Savings Saving money can feel like a challenge. It’s hard to remember to do it every day and don’t even think about saving in between paychecks or on paydays. By automating your savings, you can ensure that you’re saving and setting money aside for emergencies or larger goals like retirement. Saving money on an automatic deposit can seem daunting at first, but once you get into the routine of saving on auto pilot, it becomes second nature. Once you’ve taken the first step of linking accounts and setting up automatic deposits, all that’s left is sticking to it and ensuring that each account has enough money in it so that transactions are completed successfully and without error.

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Abstract / Synopsis Mathematics has often been referred to as an art. For some it is “the purest of the arts”, where the mathematicians’ art is “asking simple and elegant questions about our imaginary creations, and crafting satisfying and beautiful explanations”. Yet with classroom time given primarily to “covering the curriculum”, testing, and practicing problem-solving procedures, students’ opportunities to appreciate the aesthetic dimension of mathematics are often limited. To promote a responsive environment in an effort to enable students to become artists of their own mathematics experience, I consider in this paper two facets of the mathematics classroom. Content-wise I make the argument that students need to see problem-clarifying strategies in conjunction with problem-solving techniques, as the former are essential for making progress when engaging a mathematics problem where an explicit solution is not apparent. The other facet aiming to promote student agency is providing them opportunities to work with their own practical/professional concerns as students so as to become more creative and productive artists of their mathematics experience. Marshall Gordon, "Mathematics Students as Artists: Broadening the Mathematics Curriculum," Journal of Humanistic Mathematics, Volume 9 Issue 2 (July 2019), pages 192-210. DOI: 10.5642/jhummath.201902.13. Available at: https://scholarship.claremont.edu/jhm/vol9/iss2/13 Arts and Humanities Commons, Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Educational Methods Commons, Mathematics Commons, Other Teacher Education and Professional Development Commons, Science and Mathematics Education Commons

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A new computational study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals how hydrocarbons may be formed from methane in deep Earth at extreme pressures and temperatures. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of hydrocarbons at high pressures and temperatures are important for understanding carbon reservoirs and fluxes in Earth. The work provides a basis for understanding experiments that demonstrated polymerization of methane to form high hydrocarbons and earlier methane forming reactions under pressure. Hydrocarbons (molecules composed of the elements hydrogen and carbon) are the main building block of crude oil and natural gas. Hydrocarbons contribute to the global carbon cycle (one of the most important cycles of the Earth that allows for carbon to be recycled and reused throughout the biosphere and all of its organisms). The team includes colleagues at UC Davis, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Shell Projects & Technology. One of the researchers, UC Davis Professor Giulia Galli, is the co-chair of the Deep Carbon Observatory’s Physics and Chemistry of Deep Carbon Directorate and former LLNL researcher. Geologists and geochemists believe that nearly all (more than 99 percent) of the hydrocarbons in commercially produced crude oil and natural gas are formed by the decomposition of the remains of living organisms, which were buried under layers of sediments in the Earth’s crust, a region approximately 5-10 miles below the Earth’s surface. But hydrocarbons of purely chemical deep crustal or mantle origin (abiogenic) could occur in some geologic settings, such as rifts or subduction zones said Galli, a senior author on the study. “Our simulation study shows that methane molecules fuse to form larger hydrocarbon molecules when exposed to the very high temperatures and pressures of the Earth’s upper mantle,” Galli said. “We don’t say that higher hydrocarbons actually occur under the realistic ‘dirty’ Earth mantle conditions, but we say that the pressures and temperatures alone are right for it to happen. Galli and colleagues used the Mako computer cluster in Berkeley and computers at Lawrence Livermore to simulate the behavior of carbon and hydrogen atoms at the enormous pressures and temperatures found 40 to 95 miles deep inside the Earth. They used sophisticated techniques based on first principles and the computer software system Qbox, developed at UC Davis. They found that hydrocarbons with multiple carbon atoms can form from methane, (a molecule with only one carbon and four hydrogen atoms) at temperatures greater than 1,500 K (2,240 degrees Fahrenheit) and pressures 50,000 times those at the Earth’s surface (conditions found about 70 miles below the surface). “In the simulation, interactions with metal or carbon surfaces allowed the process to occur faster — they act as ‘catalysts,’ ” said UC Davis’ Leonardo Spanu, the first author of the paper. The research does not address whether hydrocarbons formed deep in the Earth could migrate closer to the surface and contribute to oil or gas deposits. However, the study points to possible microscopic mechanisms of hydrocarbon formation under very high temperatures and pressures. Galli’s co-authors on the paper are Spanu; Davide Donadio at the Max Planck Institute in Meinz, Germany; Detlef Hohl at Shell Global Solutions, Houston; and Eric Schwegler of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Founded in 1952, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is a national security laboratory, with a mission to ensure national security and apply science and technology to the important issues of our time. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is managed by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration.

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2024-04-12T12:24:04Z

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Gastropods, or univalves, are the largest and most successful class of molluscs. 60,000–75,000 known living species belong to it. Most of are marine, but many live in freshwater or on land. Their fossil record goes back to the later Cambrian. Slugs and snails, abalones, limpets, cowries, conches, top shells, whelks, and sea slugs are all gastropods. The gastropods are in origin sea-floor predators, though they did evolve into many other habitats. General description change Most members have a shell, which is in one piece and coiled or spiralled; it usually opens on the right hand side (viewed with the shell apex pointing up). Some species have an operculum, a lid or trapdoor to close the shell. In some, the slugs, the shell is absent, and the body is streamlined. The best-known gastropods are land slugs and snails, but more than half of all species live in a marine environment. Marine gastropods include herbivores, detritus feeders, carnivores and a few ciliary feeders, in which the radula is reduced or absent. The radula is usually adapted to the food that a species eats. The simplest gastropods are the limpets and abalones, both herbivores that use their hard radulas to rasp at seaweeds on rocks. Many marine gastropods are burrowers and have siphons or tubes that extend from the mantle and sometimes the shell. These act as snorkels, enabling the animal to continue to draw in a water current containing oxygen and food into their bodies. The siphons are also used to detect prey from a distance. These gastropods breathe with gills. Some freshwater species and almost all terrestric species have developed lungs. Gastropods from several different families are called sea slugs. They are often flamboyantly coloured. This may be either as a warning if they are poisonous or to camouflage them on the corals and seaweeds where many of them live. Their gills are often feathery plumes on their backs. This is what gives the name to the nudibranchs. Nudibranchs with smooth or warty backs have no visible gill mechanisms and respiration may take place directly through the skin. A few of the sea slugs are herbivores and some are carnivores. Many have distinct dietary preferences and regularly occur in association with certain species. The taxonomy of the Gastropoda is under constant revision: two major revisions have been published in the last twenty years. There will certainly be other revisions using the data from DNA sequencing. At present, the taxonomy of the Gastropoda may differ from author to author. According to modern cladism, the taxonomy of the Gastropoda should be written in terms of strictly monophyletic groups. That means only one lineage of gastropods in each group. It will be difficult to do this, and still have a practical taxonomy for working biologists. Classifying animals in practice means using morphology (what they look like). But there are differences between the older groupings got from morphology, and those based on genome sequences. Convergent evolution, which has occurred often in gastropods, may account for this. This was the traditional classification into four subclasses: Geological history change The first gastropods were exclusively marine. The first of the group appeared in the Upper Cambrian (Chippewaella, Strepsodiscus). By the Ordovician period the gastropods were a varied group present in a few aquatic habitats. Commonly, fossil gastropods from the rocks of the early Palaeozoic era are too poorly preserved for accurate identification. Still, the Silurian genus Poleumita contains fifteen identified species. Fossil gastropods are less common during the Palaeozoic era than bivalves. Most of the gastropods of that era belong to primitive groups. A few of these groups still survive today. By the Carboniferous period many of the shapes seen in living gastropods can be matched in the fossil record. Despite these similarities in appearance, the majority of these older forms are not directly related to living forms. It was during the Mesozoic era that the ancestors of many of the living gastropods evolved. One of the earliest known terrestrial (land-dwelling) gastropods is Maturipupa which is found in the Coal measures of the Carboniferous period in Europe. In the case of the common fossil Bellerophon, from Carboniferous limestones in Europe, it is not known whether it is a gastropod or not. In rocks of the Mesozoic era gastropods are more common as fossils and their shell is often well preserved. Their fossils occur in beds of both freshwater and marine environments. The Purbeck Marble of the Jurassic period and the Sussex Marble of the early Cretaceous, which both occur in southern England, are limestones containing the tightly packed remains of the pond snail Viviparus. Rocks of the Cainozoic era have very large numbers of gastropod fossils in them. Many of these fossils are closely related to modern living forms. The diversity of the gastropods increased markedly at the beginning of this era, along with that of the bivalves. Gastropods are one of the groups that record the changes in fauna caused by the advance and retreat of the ice sheets during the Pleistocene epoch. Gastropod pages change - Such as the Western Interior Seaway or various mangrove and seagrass meadows - Page, Louise R. 2006. Modern insights on gastropod development: reevaluation of the evolution of a novel body plan. Integrative and Comparative Biology 46, 134–143. Archived 2009-04-12 at the Wayback Machine - Götting, Klaus-Jürgen (1994). "Schnecken". In Becker U. Ganter S. Just C. & Sauermost R. (ed.). Lexikon der Biologie. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag. ISBN 3-86025-156-2. - Ponder W.F. & Lindberg D.R. 1996. Gastropod phylogeny—challenges for the 90s. p135–154. In: Taylor J. (ed) Origin and evolutionary radiation of the Mollusca. Oxford University Press, Oxford. - Ponder W. & Lindberg D.R. 1997. Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs: an analysis using morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 119: 83–265. - Bouchet P. & Rocroi J-P. (eds) 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47 (1–2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. ISBN 3-925919-72-4 - Jeffery, Paul 2001. Suprageneric classification of class GASTROPODA. The Natural History Museum, London. Other websites change - Conchology.be consult over 2,100,000 figured gastropods and other shells - Gastropod Classification compiled by Paul Jeffery - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 4th edition, 2000 Archived 2004-08-10 at the Wayback Machine - Gastropods in captivity Archived 2007-07-03 at the Wayback Machine - Reconstructions of fossil gastropods at www.emilydamstra.com Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine

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DiogeniteDiogenites belong to the evolved achondrite HED group that also includes howardites and eucrites. They are named after the Greek philosopher Diogenes of Apollonia, of the 5th century BCE, who was the first to suggest that meteorites come from outer space (a realization forgotten for over 2,000 years). They are Click on Term to Read More (>40 vol% olivineGroup of silicate minerals, (Mg,Fe)2SiO4, with the compositional endpoints of forsterite (Mg2SiO4) and fayalite (Fe2SiO4). Olivine is commonly found in all chondrites within both the matrix and chondrules, achondrites including most primitive achondrites and some evolved achondrites, in pallasites as large yellow-green crystals (brown when terrestrialized), in the silicate portion Click on Term to Read More) click on photo for a magnified view Purchased 2002 no coordinates recorded A single 49 g stone with weathered fusion crustMelted exterior of a meteorite that forms when it passes through Earth’s atmosphere. Friction with the air will raise a meteorite’s surface temperature upwards of 4800 K (8180 °F) and will melt (ablate) the surface minerals and flow backwards over the surface as shown in the Lafayette meteorite photograph below. Click on Term to Read More was found near Lake Iriqui, Morocco, and was subsequently purchased through a Moroccan dealer in March 2002 by A. and G. Hupé. Analysis of this meteoriteWork in progress. A solid natural object reaching a planet’s surface from interplanetary space. Solid portion of a meteoroid that survives its fall to Earth, or some other body. Meteorites are classified as stony meteorites, iron meteorites, and stony-iron meteorites. These groups are further divided according to their mineralogy and Click on Term to Read More was conducted at the University of Washington in Seattle (A. Irving and S. Kuehner). OxygenElement that makes up 20.95 vol. % of the Earth's atmosphere at ground level, 89 wt. % of seawater and 46.6 wt. % (94 vol. %) of Earth's crust. It appears to be the third most abundant element in the universe (after H and He), but has an abundance only Click on Term to Read More isotopeOne of two or more atoms with the same atomic number (Z), but different mass (A). For example, hydrogen has three isotopes: 1H, 2H (deuterium), and 3H (tritium). Different isotopes of a given element have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus. Click on Term to Read More data indicate that NWA 1459 originated on the HED parent bodyThe body from which a meteorite or meteoroid was derived prior to its ejection. Some parent bodies were destroyed early in the formation of our Solar System, while others like the asteroid 4-Vesta and Mars are still observable today. Click on Term to Read More, and it was classified as a rare olivine-rich diogeniteDiogenites belong to the evolved achondrite HED group that also includes howardites and eucrites. They are named after the Greek philosopher Diogenes of Apollonia, of the 5th century BCE, who was the first to suggest that meteorites come from outer space (a realization forgotten for over 2,000 years). They are Click on Term to Read More. This meteorite has a coarse-grained texture and a dark yellow-green color, and it exhibits minor staining caused by terrestrial weathering products such as iron oxides/hydroxides. It contains an unusual abundance of chromiteBrownish-black oxide of chromium and iron (Cr-Fe oxide), Cr2FeO4, found in many meteorite groups. Click on Term to Read More grains, the presence of which is associated with high temperatures. Some of the chromite grains protrude across the crusted surface, selectively exposed and polished by atmospheric ablationGradual removal of the successive surface layers of a material through various processes. • The gradual removal and loss of meteoritic material by heating and vaporization as the meteoroid experiences frictional melting during its passage through the atmosphere. The resulting plasma ablates the meteor and, in cases where a meteor Click on Term to Read More processes. Minor constituents that are present include anorthitic plagioclaseAlso referred to as the plagioclase feldspar series. Plagioclase is a common rock-forming series of feldspar minerals containing a continuous solid solution of calcium and sodium: (Na1-x,Cax)(Alx+1,Si1-x)Si2O8 where x = 0 to 1. The Ca-rich end-member is called anorthite (pure anorthite has formula: CaAl2Si2O8) and the Na-rich end-member is albite Click on Term to Read More , clinopyroxene, troiliteBrass colored non-magnetic mineral of iron sulfide, FeS, found in a variety of meteorites. Click on Term to Read More , and Ni-free (0.06%) Fe-metal. At the time of its classification, the olivine diogenitesDiogenites belong to the evolved achondrite HED group that also includes howardites and eucrites. They are named after the Greek philosopher Diogenes of Apollonia, of the 5th century BCE, who was the first to suggest that meteorites come from outer space (a realization forgotten for over 2,000 years). They are Click on Term to Read More included only a few like members, some of which had previously been found in Antarctica. The olivine-rich GRA 98108 has an orthopyroxeneOrthorhombic, low-Ca pyroxene common in chondrites. Its compositional range runs from all Mg-rich enstatite, MgSiO3 to Fe-rich ferrosilite, FeSiO3. These end-members form an almost complete solid solution where Mg2+ substitutes for Fe2+ up to about 90 mol. % and Ca substitutes no more than ~5 mol. % (higher Ca2+ contents occur Click on Term to Read More content of 70% (Mg# = 69–79) and an olivine content of 30% (Mg# = 73), along with minor plagioclase, chromite, FeNi-metal, and troilite (Righter, 2001). Another unusually olivine-rich diogenite is the unbrecciated ALHA77256. In addition, the genomict brecciaWork in Progress ... A rock that is a mechanical mixture of different minerals and/or rock fragments (clasts). A breccia may also be distinguished by the origin of its clasts: (monomict breccia: monogenetic or monolithologic, and polymict breccia: polygenetic or polylithologic). The proportions of these fragments within the unbrecciated material Click on Term to Read More EETA79002 contains a large amount of olivine (Mg# = ~76) in at least one lithology, mainly associated with highly magnesian orthopyroxene grains (Mittlefehldt, 2000). As with the other olivine diogenite samples, this highly magnesian orthopyroxene lithology is thought to have originated from a harzburgitic (olivine + orthopyroxene) plutonGeology: Igneous intrusive body that forms when magma is injected into host rocks and solidifies. Plutons occur in the crust of asteroids undergoing differentiation or planets. Named after Pluto, the Roman god of the underworld. Plutonic rocks are the rocks found within a pluton. Astronomy: Category of planet including all Click on Term to Read More . However, olivine in this diogenite is not in equilibriumTerm used to describe physical or chemical stasis. Physical equilibrium may be divided into two types: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when the components of forces and torques acting in one direction are balanced by components of forces and torques acting in the opposite direction. A system in static Click on Term to Read More with some other orthopyroxene lithologies that are present, suggesting that this is a genomict breccia consisting of a mixture of harzburgite and more common Fe-rich orthopyroxene (orthopyroxeniteA rock composed primarily of orthopyroxene. Non-terrestrial orthopyoxenites include diogenites and a single martian meteorite, ALH 84001, that was found in the Allan Hills region of Antarctica in 1984. ALH 84001 is a cumulate rock consisting of 97% coarse-grained, Mg-rich orthopyroxene, with small amounts of plagioclase, chromite, and carbonate. It Click on Term to Read More ) clasts (Beck and McSween Jr., 2009). Northwest Africa 1459 is classified as a harzburgitic peridotite rock, with a higher olivine (~40 vol%) and Fe content than that found in all previously analyzed olivine-rich diogenites. In 2003, a fifth member of this olivine-rich diogenite group was found, NWA 1877 and pairings, which contains ~45 vol% olivine with no plagioclase suggesting that it formed at a greater depth than did NWA 1459. This meteorite, along with NWA 1459, GRA 98108, ALHA 77256, and EETA 79002, provided the requisite number required to form a new group that was proposed to be called the olivine diogenite group—a term generally associated with those diogenites containing at least 5 vol% olivine (A. Irving et al. , 2005). For those diogenites with between 1 vol% and 5 vol% olivine the term ‘olivine-bearing’ is most commonly used. Even more recently, the classification of several new olivine diogenites was published; namely, NWA 5405 (~10 vol% olivine), NWA 5312 (24 vol% olivine), MIL 07001 (>40 vol% olivine), NWA 4223 (50 vol% olivine), and NWA 5480 (57 vol% olivine). While it is hypothesized that olivine diogenites are cumulates constituting distinct layered magmatic intrusions emplaced into the crustOutermost layer of a differentiated planet, asteroid or moon, usually consisting of silicate rock and extending no more than 10s of km from the surface. The term is also applied to icy bodies, in which case it is composed of ices, frozen gases, and accumulated meteoritic material. On Earth, the Click on Term to Read More , the unusual features exhibited in NWA 5480 suggest a possible origin as a mantleMain silicate-rich zone within a planet between the crust and metallic core. The mantle accounts for 82% of Earth's volume and is composed of silicate minerals rich in Mg. The temperature of the mantle can be as high as 3,700 °C. Heat generated in the core causes convection currents in Click on Term to Read More residue. A relatively strong paleomagnetic intensity of ~36 µT was measured for NWA 5480 (Tarduno and Cottrell, 2012), from which a dynamo can be inferred to have existed during crystallizationPhysical or chemical process or action that results in the formation of regularly-shaped, -sized, and -patterned solid forms known as crystals. Click on Term to Read More more than 19.68 m.y. after CAIsSub-millimeter to centimeter-sized amorphous objects found typically in carbonaceous chondrites and ranging in color from white to greyish white and even light pink. CAIs have occasionally been found in ordinary chondrites, such as the L3.00 chondrite, NWA 8276 (Sara Russell, 2016). CAIs are also known as refractory inclusions since they Click on Term to Read More (Yin et al. , 2018). Analyses by Yamaguchi et al. (2013) led them to conclude that the NWA 5480 diogenite is an impact melt rockRock that has been made temporarily molten as a result of the energy released by the impact of a large colliding body. Impact melts include small particles, known as "impact melt spherules" that are splashed out of the impact crater, and larger pools and sheets of melt that collect in Click on Term to Read More formed at the bottom of a large basin such as Rheasilvia. It is noteworthy that O-isotope and trace elementSubstance composed of atoms, each of which has the same atomic number (Z) and chemical properties. The chemical properties of an element are determined by the arrangement of the electrons in the various shells (specified by their quantum number) that surround the nucleus. In a neutral atom, the number of Click on Term to Read More data for the unique 1.1 g olivine-rich (dunitic/harzburgitic?) achondriteAn achondrite is a type of stony meteorite whose precursor was of chondritic origin and experienced metamorphic and igneous processes. They have a planetary or differentiated asteroidal origin where the chondritic parent body reached a sufficient size that through heating due to radioactive decay of 26Al (aluminum isotope) and gravitational Click on Term to Read More QUE 93148 have led to the suggestion that it might be derived from the deep mantle of the HED parent body (Goodrich and Righter, 2000; C. Floss, 2003). However, due to its lower Co and Ni abundances than what would otherwise be expected for an olivine-rich mantle lithology or magma oceanCompletely molten surfaces of terrestrial planets or moons that formed soon after accretion. Samples returned by the Apollo missions provide evidence of a lunar magma ocean, crystallization of which produced a stratified Moon with a low-density crust formed by accumulation of the mineral plagioclase overlying a higher density mantle of Click on Term to Read More cumulateIgneous rock composed of crystals that have grown and accumulated (often by gravitational settling) in a cooling magma chamber. Click on Term to Read More , QUE 93148 may have actually originated on a distinct planetary body such as that of the main-group pallasites (Shearer et al. , 2008; Shearer et al. Northwest Africa 1459 may be different from the other olivine-rich diogenites in being a recrystallized cumulate (Irving et al. , 2003). Some have suggested a formation of olivine diogenites from basaltBasalt is the most common extrusive igneous rock on the terrestrial planets. For example, more than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. The term basalt is applied to most low viscosity dark silicate lavas, regardless of composition. Basalt is a mafic, extrusive and fine grained igneous rock Click on Term to Read More depleted source regions—melts from which eucritesMost common type of achondrite meteorite and a member of the HED group. Eucrites are basalts composed primarily of pigeonite and anorthite (An60-98). Eucrites have been placed into three subgroups based on mineralogical and chemical differences. • Non-cumulate eucrites represent the upper crust that solidified on a magma ocean after Click on Term to Read More had previously been derived. However, due to the minor and trace element overlaps observed among the diogenite types, they may in fact form a continuum of orthopyroxene accumulation within a fractionated magmaMolten silicate (rock) beneath the surface of a planetary body or moon. When it reaches the surface, magma is called lava. Click on Term to Read More ocean or layered intrusion emplaced into the crust. Alternatively, they may represent distinct parental magma sources rather than originating in a separate mantle setting (Shearer et al. , 2007, 2010; Barrat and Yamaguchi, 2014). It was argued that only the largest impact event could excavate olivine-rich mantle material on VestaThird largest and fourth brightest asteroid; it was discovered in 1807 by Heinrich Olbers and named for the ancient Roman goddess of the hearth. 4 Vesta has a basaltic surface composition and an average density not much less than that of Mars. Evidently lava once flowed here indicating that the , and this is exemplified by the central uplift within the Southern Lowlands craterBowl-like depression ("crater" means "cup" in Latin) on the surface of a planet, moon, or asteroid. Craters range in size from a few centimeters to over 1,000 km across, and are mostly caused by impact or by volcanic activity, though some are due to cryovolcanism. Click on Term to Read More where even coreIn the context of planetary formation, the core is the central region of a large differentiated asteroid, planet or moon and made up of denser materials than the surrounding mantle and crust. For example, the cores of the Earth, the terrestrial planets and differentiated asteroids are rich in metallic iron-nickel. Click on Term to Read More material may have been exposed (Delaney, 2009). This tremendous impact event is estimated to have displaced 10–20% of the mass of the asteroid. Notably, Beck et al. (2012) identified the first olivine-rich melt material in the howardites that constitute the PCA 02009 pairing group. This olivine-rich material was likely derived from harzburgitic and dunitic lithologies exposed on the surface of Vesta. Importantly, the dunitic Vesta-related meteorite NWA 2968 (>95 vol% olivine) may be the deepest sampled lithology known from the HED parent asteroid, widely thought to be 4 Vesta and its derivitive Vestoids. In a similar manner, it is envisaged by one investigative team that Vesta and the Vestoids, along with the isotopically similar mesosiderites and IIAB irons, were themselves the products of a breakup of an even larger parent object which they have named ‘Opis’ (Irving et al. , 2009). In Greek mythology, Opis was the wife of Saturn, whose children were Jupiter, Neptune, Pluto, Juno, Ceres, and Vesta. To see an alternative classification systemDefinable part of the universe that can be open, closed, or isolated. An open system exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings. A closed system can only exchange energy with its surroundings; it has walls through which heat can pass. An isolated system cannot exchange energy or matter with for the diogenites based on mineralogical and petrographical features, proposed by Beck and McSween (2010) and modified by Wittke et al. (2011), click here . The photo above shows the cut side of a 0.42 g partial end section of NWA 1459. The photo of the main massLargest fragment of a meteorite, typically at the time of recovery. Meteorites are commonly cut, sliced or sometimes broken thus reducing the size of the main mass and the resulting largest specimen is called the "largest known mass". Click on Term to Read More shown below is courtesy of A. and G. Hupé. NORTHWEST AFRICA 1459 Photo courtesy of A. and G. Hupé

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Rhyming poems for kids are one of the best ways to introduce and nurture their joy of reading. Rhymes are the repetition of similar-sounding words. When employed in a well-written poem, they combine styles and feelings to create a lyrical rhythm, making it easier for children to pick up new words and their meanings. Thus, these poems help children master the language. In addition, children can distinguish different expressions and emotions attached to the art and aesthetics of the poetry. So let us read further to explore some rhyming poems that will keep your children engaged and entertained for hours. 35 Rhyming Poems For Kids Poems can nurture the creative spirits of your little one. Rhyming poems are appealing to children and make their free time fun. 1. From A Railway Carriage, by Robert Louis Stevenson Faster than fairies, faster than witches, Bridges and houses, hedges and ditches; And charging along like troops in a battle, All through the meadows the horses and cattle: All of the sights of the hill and the plain Fly as thick as driving rain; And ever again, in the wink of an eye, Painted stations whistle by. Here is a child who clambers and scrambles, All by himself and gathering brambles; Here is a tramp who stands and gazes; And there is the green for stringing the daisies! Here is a cart run away in the road Lumping along with man and load; And here is a mill and there is a river: Each a glimpse and gone for ever! 2. February, by Mary Ann Hoberman February, funny word, With my “r” that’s hardly heard, Different in so many ways, I’m the month with fewest days; And another thing that’s strange is I’m the only month that changes: Every leap year – one in four – I am given one day more, Twenty-nine from twenty-eight (Not so easy to keep straight). Still it’s lots of fun to vary – I like being February! Take out some time from your daily schedule and read these poems to your children. Spending quality time together can foster your bond. 3. Be Glad Your Nose Is on Your Face, by Jack Prelutsky Be glad your nose is on your face, not pasted on some other place, for if it were where it is not, you might dislike your nose a lot. Imagine if your precious nose were sandwiched in between your toes, that clearly would not be a treat, for you’d be forced to smell your feet. Your nose would be a source of dread were it attached atop your head, it soon would drive you to despair, forever tickled by your hair. Within your ear, your nose would be an absolute catastrophe, for when you were obliged to sneeze, your brain would rattle from the breeze. Your nose, instead, through thick and thin, remains between your eyes and chin, not pasted on some other place— be glad your nose is on your face! 4. Homework Stew, by Kenn Nesbitt I cooked my math book in a broth and stirred it to a steaming froth. I threw in papers—pencils, too— to make a pot of homework stew. I turned the flame up nice and hot and tossed my binder in the pot. I sprinkled in my book report with colored markers by the quart. Despite its putrid, noxious gas, I proudly took my stew to class. And though the smell was so grotesque, I set it on my teacher’s desk. My teacher said, “You’re quite a chef. But, still, you’re going to get an F. I didn’t ask for ‘homework stew,’ I said, ‘Tomorrow, homework’s due.’” 5. Said The Toad, by J. Patrick Lewis I was really in a muddle looking over a mud puddle ’cause I didn’t have a paddle or a twig to ride the reef. But I said, Oh, fiddle-faddle, this is just a little piddle of a second fiddle puddle so I saddled up a leaf. I set sail on the puddle, but I reached the muddy middle and I rocked the leaf a little, then I gave it all I had. And I solved the mighty riddle of the whole caboodle puddle when I hopped up on the middle of a beetle launching pad. 6. The Romance, by Shel Silverstein Said the pelican to the elephant, “I think we should marry, I do. ’Cause there’s no name that rhymes with me, And no one else rhymes with you.” Said the elephant to the pelican, “There’s sense to what you’ve said, For rhyming’s as good a reason as any For any two to wed.” And so the elephant wed the pelican, And they dined upon lemons and limes, And now they have a baby pelicant, And everybody rhymes. 7. Cat, by Marilyn Singer a perfect fire to lie beside, a cozy lap where I can nap, an empty chair when she’s not there. I want heat on my feet on my nose on my hide. No cat I remember 8. Now We Are Six, by A.A. Milne When I was One, I had just begun. When I was Two, I was nearly new. When I was Three I was hardly me. When I was Four, I was not much more. When I was Five, I was just alive. But now I am Six, I’m as clever as clever, So I think I’ll be six now for ever and ever. 9. Jack, by Jane Yolen Jack was quite nimble, Jack was quite quick, Jack gave the beanstalk A mighty big kick. Down came the giant— Bottoms up in a crater, Thus ending it all. 10. Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Bat, by Lewis Carroll Twinkle, twinkle, little bat! How I wonder what you’re at! Up above the world you fly, Like a teatray in the sky. 11. Stopping by Woods On A Snowy Evening, by Robert Frost Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village, though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sound’s the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. 12. Down Behind The Dustbin, by Michael Rosen Down behind the dustbin I met a dog called Ted. ‘Leave me alone,’ he says, ‘I’m just going to bed.’ Down behind the dustbin I met a dog called Roger. ‘Do you own this bin?’ I said. ‘No. I’m only a lodger.’ Down behind the dustbin I met a dog called Sue. ‘What are you doing here?’ I said. ‘I’ve got nothing else to do.’ 13. Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802, by William Wordsworth Earth has not anything to show more fair: Dull would he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its majesty: This City now doth, like a garment, wear The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie Open unto the fields, and to the sky; All bright and glittering in the smokeless air. Never did sun more beautifully steep In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill; Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! The river glideth at his own sweet will: Dear God! the very houses seem asleep; And all that mighty heart is lying still! 14. Desire, by Samuel Taylor Coleridge Where true Love burns Desire is Love’s pure flame; It is the reflex of our earthly frame, That takes its meaning from the nobler part, And but translates the language of the heart. 15. Love’s Philosophy, by Percy Bysshe Shelley The fountains mingle with the river And the rivers with the ocean, The winds of heaven mix for ever With a sweet emotion; Nothing in the world is single; All things by a law divine In one spirit meet and mingle. Why not I with thine?— See the mountains kiss high heaven And the waves clasp one another; No sister-flower would be forgiven If it disdained its brother; And the sunlight clasps the earth And the moonbeams kiss the sea: What is all this sweet work worth If thou kiss not me? 16. The Sick Rose, by William Blake O Rose thou art sick. The invisible worm, That flies in the night In the howling storm: Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy: And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy. 17. Stanzas For Music, by Lord Byron There be none of Beauty’s daughters With a magic like thee; And like music on the waters Is thy sweet voice to me: When, as if its sound were causing The charmed ocean’s pausing, The waves lie still and gleaming, And the lull’d winds seem dreaming: And the midnight moon is weaving Her bright chain o’er the deep; Whose breast is gently heaving, As an infant’s asleep: So the spirit bows before thee, To listen and adore thee; With a full but soft emotion, Like the swell of Summer’s ocean. 18. In The Bleak Midwinter, by Christina Rossetti In the bleak midwinter, frosty wind made moan, Earth stood hard as iron, water like a stone; Snow had fallen, snow on snow, snow on snow, In the bleak midwinter, long ago. Our God, Heaven cannot hold Him, nor earth sustain; Heaven and earth shall flee away when He comes to reign. In the bleak midwinter a stable place sufficed The Lord God Almighty, Jesus Christ. Enough for Him, whom cherubim, worship night and day, Breastful of milk, and a mangerful of hay; Enough for Him, whom angels fall before, The ox and ass and camel which adore. Angels and archangels may have gathered there, Cherubim and seraphim thronged the air; But His mother only, in her maiden bliss, Worshipped the beloved with a kiss. What can I give Him, poor as I am? If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb; If I were a Wise Man, I would do my part; Yet what I can I give Him: give my heart. 19. Fall, Leaves, Fall, by Emily Bronte Fall, leaves, fall; die, flowers, away; Lengthen night and shorten day; Every leaf speaks bliss to me Fluttering from the autumn tree. I shall smile when wreaths of snow Blossom where the rose should grow; I shall sing when night’s decay Ushers in a drearier day. 20. No Second Troy, by William Butler Yeats Why should I blame her that she filled my days With misery, or that she would of late Have taught to ignorant men most violent ways, Or hurled the little streets upon the great, Had they but courage equal to desire? What could have made her peaceful with a mind That nobleness made simple as a fire, With beauty like a tightened bow, a kind That is not natural in an age like this, Being high and solitary and most stern? Why, what could she have done, being what she is? Was there another Troy for her to burn? William Butler Yeats was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1923. 21. Song, by James Joyce My love is in a light attire Among the apple trees, Where the gay winds do most desire To run in companies. There, where the gay winds stay to woo The young leaves as they pass, My love goes slowly, bending to Her shadow on the grass. And where the sky’s a pale blue cup Over the laughing land, My love goes lightly, holding up Her dress with dainty hand. 22. The Heavenly City, by Stevie Smith I sigh for the heavenly country, Where the heavenly people pass, And the sea is as quiet as a mirror Of beautiful beautiful glass. I walk in the heavenly field, With lilies and poppies bright, I am dressed in a heavenly coat Of polished white. When I walk in the heavenly parkland My feet on the pasture are bare, Tall waves the grass, but no harmful Creature is there. At night I fly over the housetops, And stand on the bright moony beams; Gold are all heaven’s rivers, And silver her streams. 23. My Kingdom, by Robert Louis Stevenson Down by a shining water well I found a very little dell, No higher than my head. The heather and the gorse about In summer bloom were coming out, Some yellow and some red. I called the little pool a sea; The little hills were big to me; For I am very small. I made a boat, I made a town, I searched the caverns up and down, And named them one and all. And all about was mine, I said, The little sparrows overhead, The little minnows too. This was the world and I was king; For me the bees came by to sing, For me the swallows flew. I played there were no deeper seas, Nor any wider plains than these, Nor other kings than me. At last I heard my mother call Out from the house at evenfall, To call me home to tea. And I must rise and leave my dell, And leave my dimpled water well, And leave my heather blooms. Alas! and as my home I neared, How very big my nurse appeared. How great and cool the rooms! 24. The Porcupine, by Ogden Nash Any hound a porcupine nudges Can’t be blamed for harboring grudges, I know one hound that laughed all winter At a porcupine that sat on a splinter. 25. A Nonsense Song, by Stephen Vincent Benet Rosemary, Rosemary, let down your hair! The cow’s in the hammock, the crow’s in the chair! I was making you songs out of sawdust and silk, But they came in to call and they spilt them like milk. The cat’s in the coffee, the wind’s in the east, He screams like a peacock and whines like a priest And the saw of his voice makes my blood turn to mice- So let down your long hair and shut off his advice! Pluck out the thin hairpins and let the waves stream, Brown-gold as brook-waters that dance through a dream, Gentle-curled as young cloudlings, sweet-fragrant as bay, Till it takes all the fierceness of living away. Oh, when you are with me, my heart is white steel, But the bat’s in the belfry, the mold’s in the meal, And I think I hear skeletons climbing the stair! -Rosemary, Rosemary, let down your bright hair! 26. Dentist And The Crocodile, by Roald Dahl The crocodile, with cunning smile, sat in the dentist’s chair. He said, “Right here and everywhere my teeth require repair.” The dentist’s face was turning white. He quivered, quaked and shook. He muttered, “I suppose I’m going to have to take a look.” “I want you”, Crocodile declared, “to do the back ones first. The molars at the very back are easily the worst.” He opened wide his massive jaws. It was a fearsome sight— At least three hundred pointed teeth, all sharp and shining white. The dentist kept himself well clear. He stood two yards away. He chose the longest probe he had to search out the decay. “I said to do the back ones first!” the Crocodile called out. “You’re much too far away, dear sir, to see what you’re about. To do the back ones properly you’ve got to put your head Deep down inside my great big mouth,” the grinning Crocky said. The poor old dentist wrung his hands and, weeping in despair, He cried, “No no! I see them all extremely well from here!” Just then, in burst a lady, in her hands a golden chain. She cried, “Oh Croc, you naughty boy, you’re playing tricks again!” “Watch out!” the dentist shrieked and started climbing up the wall. “He’s after me! He’s after you! He’s going to eat us all!” “Don’t be a twit,” the lady said, and flashed a gorgeous smile. “He’s harmless. He’s my little pet, my lovely crocodile.” 27. Trees, by Joyce Kilmer I think that I shall never see A poem lovely as a tree. A tree whose hungry mouth is prest Against the earth’s sweet flowing breast; A tree that looks at God all day, And lifts her leafy arms to pray; A tree that may in Summer wear A nest of robins in her hair; Upon whose bosom snow has lain; Who intimately lives with rain. Poems are made by fools like me, But only God can make a tree. 28. Across The Border, by Sophie Jewett Where all the trees bear golden flowers, And all the birds are white; Where fairy folk in dancing hours Burn stars for candlelight; Where every wind and leaf can talk, But no man understand Save one whose child-feet chanced to walk Green paths of fairyland; I followed two swift silver wings; I stalked a roving song; I startled shining, silent things; I wandered all day long. But when it seemed the shadowy hours Whispered of soft-foot night, I crept home to sweet common flowers, Brown birds, and candlelight. 29. When I Was One-and-Twenty, by A.E. Housman When I was one-and-twenty I heard a wise man say, “Give crowns and pounds and guineas But not your heart away; Give pearls away and rubies But keep your fancy free.” But I was one-and-twenty, No use to talk to me. When I was one-and-twenty I heard him say again, “The heart out of the bosom Was never given in vain; ’Tis paid with sighs a plenty And sold for endless rue.” And I am two-and-twenty, And oh, ’tis true, ’tis true. 30. The Violet, by Jane Taylor Down in a green and shady bed, A modest violet grew, Its stalk was bent, it hung its head, As if to hide from view. And yet it was a lovely flower, Its colours bright and fair; It might have graced a rosy bower, Instead of hiding there, Yet there it was content to bloom, In modest tints arrayed; And there diffused its sweet perfume, Within the silent shade. Then let me to the valley go, This pretty flower to see; That I may also learn to grow In sweet humility. Did you know? Jane Taylor is best known for her children’s lullaby “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.” 31. My Doggy Ate My Essay, by Darren Sardelli My doggy ate my essay. He picked up all my mail. He cleaned my dirty closet and dusted with his tail. He straightened out my posters and swept my wooden floor. My parents almost fainted when he fixed my bedroom door. I did not try to stop him. He made my windows shine. My room looked like a palace, and my dresser smelled like pine. He fluffed up every pillow. He folded all my clothes. He even cleaned my fish tank with a toothbrush and a hose. I thought it was amazing to see him use a broom. I’m glad he ate my essay on “How to Clean My Room.” 32. When I Am Gone, by Shel Silverstein When I am gone what will you do? Who will write and draw for you? Someone smarter—someone new? Someone better—maybe YOU! 33. A Child’s Calendar, by John Updike The stripped and shapely The ghosts of her The ground is hard, As hard as stone. The year is old, The birds are flown. And yet the world, In its distress, Displays a certain 34. The Mermaid Queen, by Joseph Coelho My mother, The Mermaid Queen, wept tiny pearl tears. For weeks, for months, she cried through the seasons. High-tide storm-sobbing, would it last for years? Her sadness felt endless, beyond all reason. Mermaids cry puddles, lakes and even streams. My mother’s wailed river flooded our home. She cried in the night, she cried in my dreams, no comfort could reach her floating throne. I swim in her blues with webbed feet and hands, my mind feels sodden like earth after rain, my feelings are scattered like windswept sands. I wonder how long I will feel this pain. To go feels wrong, to stay makes me feel sad. I want to see my mum and I want to see my dad. 35. Life Doesn’t Frighten Me, by Maya Angelou Shadows on the wall Noises down the hall Life doesn’t frighten me at all Bad dogs barking loud Big ghosts in a cloud Life doesn’t frighten me at all Mean old Mother Goose Lions on the loose They don’t frighten me at all Dragons breathing flame On my counterpane That doesn’t frighten me at all. I go boo Make them shoo I make fun Way they run I won’t cry So they fly I just smile They go wild Life doesn’t frighten me at all. Tough guys fight All alone at night Life doesn’t frighten me at all. Panthers in the park Strangers in the dark No, they don’t frighten me at all. That new classroom where Boys all pull my hair (Kissy little girls With their hair in curls) They don’t frighten me at all. Don’t show me frogs and snakes And listen for my scream, If I’m afraid at all It’s only in my dreams. I’ve got a magic charm That I keep up my sleeve I can walk the ocean floor And never have to breathe. Life doesn’t frighten me at all Not at all Not at all. Life doesn’t frighten me at all. Why Do We Teach Rhymes To Kindergarten? Rhymes are beneficial and provide an educational method of learning that is innovative and fun-filled for children. Some of the primary reasons they are a necessary part of the kindergarten curriculum are: - They play an essential role in language development as children listen attentively and understand and use the desired words. - Children can differentiate meanings of similar-sounding words, thereby improving their vocabulary and communication skills. - Through rhymes, they learn various moral lessons and life skills. - Rhymes keep them engaged and help develop their thinking. How Do You Teach Rhyming Words To Kindergarten? Every child has a learning curve when it comes to mastering a skill. However, educators and parents can introduce rhymes in kindergarten. With proper engagement, learning activities, and teaching aids like books, games, and the internet, teaching rhymes have become more accessible. Learning rhymes is a three-fold process in which the children learn to identify the sounds made, differentiate and understand the presence of similar-sounding words, and replicate it by producing rhyming words. Some tips to keep in mind while teaching rhyming words to kindergarten are: - Try keeping it simple and easy, and start with the familiar nursery rhymes - Find innovative games and activities to teach similar-sounding words - Include audio rhyming lessons to develop sharp listening skills - Teach different vocal sounds - Lastly, be patient with the children 1. What is a five-line poem? Five-line poems or stanzas are known as quintain or quintets. 2. What are two-line rhyming stanzas called? A couplet is a two-line rhyming stanza consisting of two successive lines and the same meter. Rhyming poems for kids have existed for centuries and are often passed down through generations. They are short, catchy, and fun to recite. As a result, these poems have become an essential part of children’s education. They enable children to pick up the language and impart life lessons. The key is to select age-appropriate rhymes that are easy to learn and find activities that improve their listening skills. In addition, rhyming poems inspire and ignite young minds with a fertile imagination. - Rhymes are an integral part of children’s language learning. - They enrich children’s vocabulary. - Rhymes impart moral values and education. - They are a great way to introduce literature to children.

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The Naturalist's Corner The hunter is back Orion the hunter, one of the most noted and most recognizable constellations in the heavens is once again gaining prominence in the Northern Hemisphere. The hunter begins stalking the eastern skies around 8:30 p.m. and will be with us, though rising later and later, till he slips into the morning sky next April. Astronomers believe Orion, as we know him, is more than one million years old and will be with us for one to two million years more. Orion’s sword gleams with another one of the night’s treasures. This bluish dazzle, observable with the naked eye is the Orion nebulae, an interstellar cloud of cosmic gas and dust. A good pair of 10X binoculars and a dark night can provide a pretty impressive look at the Orion nebulae. Jupiter also dances brightly in the November sky. It is the brightest point of light in the southern sky. With binoculars, you will likely be able to pick out one or more of this giant planet’s larger moons. Binoculars can also help you get a good view of the Seven Sisters. The Seven Sisters or Pleiades is a small dipper-shaped star cluster that will be with us all winter. If you draw an imaginary line through Orion’s belt from the southeast to the northwest it will point to a bright star – Aldebaran, the eye of Taurus the bull. Just beyond Aldebaran are the Pleiades; they mark the bull’s shoulder. The Pleiades, like Orion, will be with us till April, but they are especially prominent in November when they glow from dusk till dawn. While this cluster is known as the Seven Sisters, most people will only make out six stars in the dipper, with the unaided eye. Many more stars will come into focus through binoculars. There are more than 100 stars in this cluster. Astronomers believe all the stars in the Pleiades cluster originated from the same cloud of dust and gas more than 100 million years ago. The Pleiades are out there. The gravitational-bound cluster is more than 430 light-years from Earth. They blaze through the firmament at 25 miles per second. Another open cluster of stars prominent in the November sky is the Hyades Star Cluster. If you find Aldebaran, you’ve found the Hyades, even though Aldebaran is actually not part of the cluster. It is actually in front of, or nearer to the Earth, than the Hyades. There are about 200 stars in the Hyades cluster. About a dozen are visible to the naked eye, and they mark the head of Taurus. If you’re reading this on Wednesday, Nov. 25, grab your binoculars and get outside before the waxing moon becomes full on December 1 and puts a golden damper on searching for night objects.

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Author: John Carter Alcoholic Seizure: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Thereby, we attempted to increase subjects’ receptivity to the questions and avoid patients answering the questions in a more socially acceptable way. In several test-interviews, patients were intimidated when being asked about nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drug intake in front of their companions. Therefore, all interviews were held in a separate study room where only the interviewer and the patient were present. Doctors or family and friends can provide early intervention, which can help you avoid alcohol-related neurologic disease. Completely avoiding alcohol and eating a balanced diet can help minimize damage. Your chances for recovery depend on how early the disease is diagnosed and how much damage has already occurred. Researchers have not determined if this is caused by the effects of alcohol on the brain or is the result of thiamine deficiency. - Your chances for recovery depend on how early the disease is diagnosed and how much damage has already occurred. - Experiencing this kind of seizure can make you hurt yourself by biting your tongue or hitting your head. - However, there have been reports that the risk of seizure increases in an alcohol-dependent person who misuses a sedative and takes nonsedative AEDs. - In a 2019 study, researchers showed that quitting alcohol had a positive effect on most people’s mental well-being. - Find in-depth information on anti-seizure medications so you know what to ask your doctor. Fifteen out of 95 (15.8%) alcohol-experienced but now abstinent subjects had experienced alcohol-related seizures in the past. In that group, the mean amount of alcohol intake prior to the seizures was 10.9 standard drinks. All of these patients stated that they had stopped alcohol consumption because of the experience of alcohol-related seizures. Human and animal data have shown that acute alcohol intake has a biphasic effect on the central nervous system (CNS). Initially, the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic effect of alcohol exerts CNS depressant and anticonvulsant properties (4, 5). In the post-alcohol state, however, when alcohol blood levels decline, neuronal excitability is increased which may facilitate the occurrence of seizures in patients with epilepsy (6, 7). Alcohol-related seizures can happen when people are acutely intoxicated. It can also occur when an alcoholic suddenly stops drinking and experiences alcohol withdrawal. Alcohol-related neurologic disease refers to a range of conditions caused by alcohol intake that affect the nerves and nervous system. Neurologic disorders can include fetal alcohol syndrome, dementia, and alcoholic neuropathy. Another one of the big reasons people with epilepsy are warned not to consume alcohol is that many of the anti-seizure and anti-epileptic drugs that treat epilepsy do not mix well with alcohol. Apart from this, there is little research on the occurrence of alcohol-related seizures in patients with epilepsy. A double-blinded, randomized, interventional study on 52 subjects with epilepsy demonstrated that a social alcohol intake over a 4-month-period did not increase seizure frequencies (2). In another interventional study on 14 patients with epilepsy and 10 healthy controls, acute moderate alcohol consumption initially suppressed epileptiform EEG-activity. Symptoms are generally mild during the first 12–24 hours of withdrawal but increase in intensity around the third day without alcohol. Alcohol withdrawal seizures can occur within a few hours or up to 72 hours after stopping drinking. Alcohol consumption usually represents a taboo in the doctor-patient relationship and questions on the smoking status are answered more easily. How can alcohol-related neurologic disease be prevented? An alcohol withdrawal seizure may feel like a loss of consciousness which you are slow to wake up from. If you are conscious during an alcohol withdrawal seizure, you may experience repetitive, uncontrolled movements of part or all of your body. Prior to the seizure, you may also experience an “aura,” consisting of an unusual visual change, smell, taste, or sound caused by abnormal brain activity. Withdrawal seizures can begin within just a few hours after stopping drinking, or they can take up to 72 hours to start. Withdrawal is something that happens when your body has become dependent on the presence of drugs or alcohol. If you are dependent on alcohol, it’s important to participate in a medically-supervised detox program, which can help alleviate the risks of the situation. Second, as patients were interviewed retrospectively on the occurrence of alcohol-related seizures, we were not able to provide data on AED drug levels after the acute manifestation of these seizures. Alcohol acts by stimulating receptors in your brain that cause brain activity to be suppressed. Alcohol itself does not normally cause seizures, but during withdrawal, when the suppressive activity of alcohol is removed, your brain will be more susceptible to seizures than it normally would. There are some specific considerations that may affect your risk of seizures when using alcohol. According to older research, alcohol consumption may have a causal relationship with seizures, and people who drink 200 g or more of alcohol daily may have up to a 20-fold increase in seizure risk. Heavy, long-term alcohol use and withdrawal from alcohol can lead to seizures. Alcohol can also trigger seizures if you have epilepsy and often interacts poorly with anti-seizure medications. Drinking alcohol in small amounts generally does not trigger seizures, but seizures can result from alcohol withdrawal. Finally, the present study population was exclusively recruited at a tertiary care epilepsy center where usually patients with more severe variants of the disease are treated. This indicates a potential selection bias and our results may not be generalized to all epilepsy patients without restrictions. Independent predictors for the occurrence of alcohol-related seizures within the last 12 months in patients with epilepsy. Doctors and pharmacists are always warning people with epilepsy about alcohol. Excessive Alcohol Consumption (Alcohol Poisoning) Although these are general guidelines, your tolerance or consumption recommendation can vary based on your overall health, size, and medical condition. Below is a collection of FAQs based on what we do know about this subject. Find in-depth information on anti-seizure medications so you know what to ask your doctor. According to the Epilepsy Foundation, seizures by themselves typically are not fatal. According to the Epilepsy Foundation, some studies have linked chronic alcohol misuse to the development of epilepsy. This article looks at the connection between alcohol, seizures, and epilepsy, as well as treatment options and support. Drinking too much alcohol can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as seizures. An alcohol-related seizure may result in your inability to control your actions, which could be dangerous. Excessive consumption of alcohol causes alcohol-related neurologic disease. However, they may cause people to fall and sustain potentially serious injuries, such as head injuries. Experiencing this kind of seizure can make you hurt yourself by biting your tongue or hitting your head. Some tests can be performed by a doctor to rule out other causes of neurologic symptoms.

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Pharmaceutical company Pfizer have reached a major milestone in producing a vaccine that, according to preliminary trials, is 90% effective. The company described it as a “great day for science and humanity”. Pfizer, who were working with another company, BioNTech, plan on filing for emergency approval by the end of November, leading to some hope that there could finally be light at the end of the coronavirus tunnel. The vaccine has been tested on 43,500 people across six countries and no safety concerns have been raised at this stage. Whilst there are around 10 vaccines currently in the final stages of development, this is the first one that has been proven to show positive results. The stage of the trial, known as phase three, is vital in ensuring that the vaccine would be safe for the public, with the breakthrough following reports that there was a small chance of there being a vaccine by the end of the year. The vaccine works by taking part of the Covid-19 virus’ gene code and injecting it into the body, allowing the body to produce antibodies and become immune to the disease. According to reports on the previous trials, this vaccine trains the body to produce the antibodies and the T-cells that the body needs in order to fight against a coronavirus infection. Pfizer are hopeful that they can start to supply the vaccine this year, with upwards of 50 million doses available by the end of the year and potentially upwards of 1 billion throughout 2021. The major concern at this stage is that after beating the virus, the body tends to lose the antibodies needed to fight it very quickly, meaning that immunity doesn’t last long. There are concerns over how long coronavirus immunity would last following receipt of the vaccine. The company are expected to bring their trial to regulators in around two weeks time, suggesting that there is still a possibility that people could start receiving the vaccine as early as December.

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What is a Circuit Electricity is a form of energy that is generated by the movement of charged particles called electrons. This flow of electrons can be used to power our electrical devices and forms a circuit. Circuits allow the electricity to travel to all of your electronics. A circuit conducts electricity from a power source to the object that’s using the electricity to perform a function - we call these objects loads. Loads can be simple devices like light bulbs or complex like TVs. In the example to the left, batteries provide power to the circuit. Electrons are flowing in a loop from the battery holder, through the LED light, and back to the battery holder. You can see the electron’s path indicated by the yellow arrows. ‘Circuit’ sort of sounds like ‘Circle’ and that can be helpful to remember as we move forward. To be a completed circuit, the electrons must be able to flow in a circle! Creating a Simple Circuit 1) Gather materials. You will need a battery holder, a LED, and conductive dough (not white dough). Make sure you’ve added 4 AA batteries into your battery holder. 2) Begin by rolling out two pieces of conductive dough . Make sure the dough pieces are not touching. Then, separate the terminals of the LED and insert it into both pieces of dough, bridging the gap between the two dough pieces. Notice that there is a longer and shorter leg on the LED. 3) Insert the red wire from the battery holder into the piece of dough that also has the longer LED terminal. Insert the black wire from the battery holder with the piece of dough that also has the shorter LED terminal. Turn the battery holder on and watch the LED light up! We have completed our circuit! Electrons are flowing from the battery holder, into the dough, through the LED, back into the other dough piece, and finally back to the battery holder. A circuit circle! This basic circuit will be repeated on every Squishy Circuit, but the size and colors of the dough will change depending on what we are making.

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Sports analysis has evolved from a subjective discussion around a water cooler to a sophisticated blend of art and science. As technology continues to advance, so does our ability to dissect and understand every nuance of athletic performance. In this article, we delve into the world of sports analysis, exploring the methods, tools, and insights that are shaping the way we perceive and appreciate the games we love. The Rise of Data Analytics: Gone are the days when sports analysis relied solely on the eyes and instincts of seasoned pundits. Today, data analytics plays a pivotal role in deciphering the complexities of sports performance. From player statistics to team dynamics, every aspect 먹튀사이트 주소 is scrutinized through the lens of data. Advanced metrics and algorithms help uncover patterns and trends that might escape the naked eye, providing teams with a competitive edge. Player Tracking Technology: One of the most revolutionary advancements in sports analysis is player tracking technology. GPS sensors, accelerometers, and other high-tech devices are embedded in athletes’ equipment, capturing real-time data on their movements, speed, and even heart rate. This wealth of information allows analysts to create detailed performance profiles, identify strengths and weaknesses, and devise strategies that exploit the opposition’s vulnerabilities. Video Analysis and Tactical Insights: Video analysis has long been a staple in sports, but modern technology has taken it to new heights. High-speed cameras, augmented reality, and computer vision enable analysts to break down plays frame by frame. Coaches can study player positioning, ball trajectories, and strategic decisions with unprecedented precision. This level of detail provides invaluable insights for fine-tuning game plans and making strategic adjustments on the fly. The Human Element: Despite the influx of technology, sports analysis remains an art as much as a science. The human element, with all its intangibles like teamwork, leadership, and mental resilience, cannot be fully captured by data alone. Analysts must strike a delicate balance, marrying the quantitative with the qualitative to grasp the holistic picture of athletic performance. In conclusion, the world of sports analysis is a dynamic fusion of technology and human expertise. As we continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, our understanding and appreciation of sports will undoubtedly deepen, making each game not just a physical spectacle but a canvas upon which the intricate details of athleticism are painted.

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Candida tropicalis- An Overview Candida tropicalis is a species of yeast that belongs to the genus Candida. It is a common fungal pathogen that can cause infections in humans, especially in those with weakened immune systems. Candida tropicalis is closely related to Candida albicans, the most prevalent Candida species, and shares many features of pathogenicity and clinical presentation. However, C. tropicalis has some distinctive characteristics that make it a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Candida tropicalis can cause superficial and mucosal infections, such as oral thrush, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and skin and nail infections. It can also cause invasive and systemic infections, such as candidemia, disseminated candidiasis, and chronic disseminated candidiasis. These infections can affect various organs and tissues, such as the blood, heart, brain, liver, spleen, kidney, eye, bone, and joint. Candida tropicalis is one of the most common causes of candidemia, which is the presence of Candida in the bloodstream. Candidemia is a serious and life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Candidemia can lead to sepsis, organ failure, and death. Candida tropicalis has several virulence factors that enable it to colonize and infect the human host. These include: - The ability to form blastoconidia (single-celled spores) that are resistant to environmental stress and can adhere to host cells and surfaces. - The ability to form pseudohyphae (elongated cells) and true hyphae (filamentous cells) that can penetrate host tissues and evade immune responses. - The ability to produce biofilms (communities of cells embedded in a matrix) that can adhere to medical devices and resist antifungal drugs. - The ability to secrete enzymes (such as proteases, phospholipases, and hemolysins) that can degrade host tissues and facilitate invasion. - The ability to switch phenotypes (different forms of appearance) that can adapt to different environmental conditions and evade immune recognition. Candida tropicalis is also known for its antifungal resistance. It has developed resistance to some of the commonly used antifungal drugs, such as fluconazole, which is a member of the azole class of drugs. Fluconazole resistance can limit the treatment options and increase the mortality rate of C. tropicalis infections. Therefore, new antifungal drugs and strategies are needed to combat this emerging threat. Candida tropicalis is not only a human pathogen but also an environmental organism. It can be found in various natural habitats, such as seawater, marine sediments, fish intestines, mangrove plants, algae, shrimps, soil, fruit surfaces, and foods. It can also be used for biotechnological purposes, such as bioethanol production and bioremediation. In this article, we will provide an overview of C. tropicalis based on basic and clinical approaches. We will discuss its habitat, morphology, culture characteristics, pathogenesis, transmission, virulence factors, clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, antifungal resistance, prevention and control. Candida tropicalis is one of the fungal species that has been obtained from seawater, sea sediments, mudflats, marine fish intestine, mangrove plants, and marine algae, shrimps. Therefore, they are widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical marine environments. It is also dominantly found in the human gut, fruit surfaces, a variety of foods and soil. As a normal component of the human microbiota, Candida tropicalis can colonize the gastrointestinal tract, buccal cavity, and urogenital region. It can also cause opportunistic infections when the normal microbiota is disrupted by factors such as immunosuppression, antibiotic use, diabetes mellitus, or catheterization. Candida tropicalis can also survive in soil and vegetation, where it can interact with plant roots and surfaces. It has been isolated from sediment and vegetation samples from different regions of the world. It can also grow on various carbon sources such as sugars and starches. Candida tropicalis is an adaptable and versatile species that can thrive in different habitats and conditions. It is important to understand its distribution and ecology to prevent and control its infections in humans and plants. Candida tropicalis is a yeast-like fungus that belongs to the genus Candida. It is a dimorphic fungus, meaning that it can exist in two different forms: yeast cells and hyphal cells. Yeast cells are round or oval-shaped, with a diameter of 2-10 µm. They reproduce by budding, either unipolar or bipolar, forming blastoconidia (buds) on stalks. The buds are pigmented and septate, and can form pseudohyphae (chains of elongated buds). Hyphal cells are filamentous structures that can grow and branch. They are formed by the bud-to-hypha transition (also called morphogenesis), which is a process that involves changes in gene expression, cell wall composition, and morphology. Hyphal cells can penetrate the host tissues and evade the immune system. Candida tropicalis can also undergo phenotypic switching, which is a reversible change in colony morphology and virulence traits. Phenotypic switching can affect the production of enzymes, adhesion molecules, biofilm formation, and antifungal resistance. Candida tropicalis can be distinguished from other Candida species by its ability to assimilate soluble starch as a sole carbon source. It also produces acetic acid from glucose fermentation and urease from urea hydrolysis. It does not produce pigments of red, pink, or orange color on culture media. Candida tropicalis can grow on various standard laboratory media used for cultivating yeasts and fungi, such as: - Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) - Yeast extract agar (YEA) - Cornmeal agar (CMA) - Chromogenic Candida agar (CCA) On SDA, C. tropicalis produces smooth, creamy, and usually white or cream-colored colonies . However, colony color can vary depending on the specific strain or growth conditions. The colonies are typically smooth and have a moist or creamy texture. This medium suppresses conidia growth but promotes the formation of mycelium. On YEA, C. tropicalis produces similar colonies as on SDA, but with more abundant blastoconidia and pseudohyphae. On CMA, C. tropicalis produces smooth blastoconidia spores that are held by a hyphal stalk structure (mycelium). The spores are pigmented and septate. On CCA, C. tropicalis produces colonies with a typical dark blue color. This medium allows for the differentiation of C. tropicalis from other Candida species based on the chromogenic reaction. C. tropicalis has the following preferred growth conditions: - Optimal temperature: 25–35 °C (77–95 °F) - Optimal pH: 4.5–6.5 - Optimal oxygen: Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic C. tropicalis thrives in sugar and fat media. It can also grow in other media such as potato dextrose agar, potato-glucose, potato-carrot, tomato juice, and lima bean media. Candida tropicalis is a yeast species that can cause both superficial and invasive infections in humans, especially in immunocompromised hosts . It is one of the most common Candida species isolated from blood cultures and can cause candidemia, a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates . The pathogenesis of C. tropicalis involves several factors that enable it to colonize, adhere, invade, and evade the host immune system. C. tropicalis can colonize various sites of the human body, such as the skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract . It can also survive in environmental niches, such as seawater, soil, plants, and animals. Colonization is facilitated by the ability of C. tropicalis to form biofilms, which are complex communities of microorganisms attached to a surface and embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances . Biofilms confer resistance to antifungal agents, host defenses, and environmental stresses . C. tropicalis is a strong biofilm producer and can form biofilms on various medical devices, such as catheters, prosthetic valves, and implants . Adherence is the first step of infection and involves the interaction of C. tropicalis with host cells or tissues . C. tropicalis can adhere to epithelial and endothelial cells by using different adhesins, such as Als (agglutinin-like sequence) proteins, Hwp (hyphal wall protein) proteins, Eap (extracellular adherence protein) proteins, and mannoproteins . These adhesins recognize specific receptors on the host cells, such as integrins, cadherins, lectins, and extracellular matrix components . Adherence allows C. tropicalis to resist mechanical removal and initiate tissue invasion . Invasion is the process by which C. tropicalis penetrates the host tissues and reaches the bloodstream or other organs . Invasion is mediated by two main mechanisms: active penetration and induced endocytosis . Active penetration involves the formation of hyphae, which are elongated filamentous cells that can exert mechanical pressure and secrete lytic enzymes to breach the host barriers . Induced endocytosis involves the uptake of C. tropicalis by host cells through phagocytosis or macropinocytosis, which can be triggered by fungal factors or host factors . Once inside the host cells, C. tropicalis can escape from the phagosomes or lysosomes and replicate in the cytoplasm or disseminate to other cells . Evasion is the ability of C. tropicalis to avoid or modulate the host immune response to establish and maintain infection . C. tropicalis can evade the host immunity by several strategies, such as: - Phenotypic switching: This is a reversible change in colony morphology that can affect virulence attributes, such as adhesion, biofilm formation, drug resistance, and antigenicity . - Morphogenesis: This is a transition between yeast and hyphal forms that can affect tissue invasion, immune recognition, and cytokine production . - Secretion of immunomodulatory molecules: These include proteins (such as Sap (secreted aspartyl proteinase) proteins), lipids (such as phospholipases), polysaccharides (such as beta-glucans), and metabolites (such as farnesol) that can affect inflammation, phagocytosis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and signaling pathways . - Resistance to oxidative stress: This involves the production of antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase and superoxide dismutase) and molecules (such as glutathione) that can protect C. tropicalis from reactive oxygen species generated by the host cells. These factors contribute to the pathogenicity of C. tropicalis and its ability to cause various clinical manifestations ranging from superficial infections (such as oral thrush and vulvovaginal candidiasis) to systemic infections (such as candidemia and disseminated candidiasis). The most common mode of transmission of Candida tropicalis is the nosocomial transmission between health-care workers and patients . The fungi, which is predominantly found in immune-compromised patients with HIV/AIDS, cancer, leukemia, organ transplantation, causes a fungal infection known as candidiasis in various organ systems of the body . Candidiasis can affect the skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, and bloodstream. Candida tropicalis can also be transmitted through endogenous sources, such as the normal flora of the human host. The fungi can colonize the gastrointestinal tract and other mucosal surfaces and cause opportunistic infections when the host`s immunity is impaired or when the normal microbiota is disrupted by antibiotic therapy or other factors . Candida tropicalis can also invade the bloodstream from a primary site of infection, such as a catheter or a wound. Another possible mode of transmission is through exogenous sources, such as the environment or contaminated materials. Candida tropicalis has been isolated from seawater, sea sediments, mudflats, marine fish intestine, mangrove plants, marine algae, shrimps, fruit surfaces, soil, and various foods . Therefore, it can be acquired through contact with these sources or ingestion of contaminated food or water. The transmission of Candida tropicalis can be prevented by implementing infection control measures, such as hand hygiene, disinfection of medical devices and equipment, isolation of infected patients, and rational use of antibiotics and antifungals . Additionally, enhancing the host`s immunity and restoring the normal microbiota can help reduce the risk of candidiasis caused by Candida tropicalis. Virulence factors are the characteristics of a microorganism that enable it to cause infection and disease in a host. Candida tropicalis has several virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity and clinical relevance. Some of the main virulence factors of C. tropicalis are: - Adhesion: C. tropicalis can adhere to various surfaces, such as buccal epithelial cells, endothelial cells, medical devices, and dentures. Adhesion is mediated by cell surface molecules, such as mannoproteins, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins, and hydrophobic proteins. Adhesion is crucial for colonization and biofilm formation, which are important steps for the establishment and persistence of infection . - Biofilm formation: C. tropicalis can form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces, such as mucosal tissues, catheters, prosthetic valves, and implants. Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biofilms confer increased resistance to host immune responses and antifungal agents, as well as facilitate the dissemination of fungal cells into the bloodstream . - Dimorphism: C. tropicalis can switch between yeast and hyphal forms in response to environmental cues, such as temperature, pH, serum, and nutrient availability. This phenomenon is also called morphogenesis or bud-to-hyphae transition. Hyphal forms are more invasive and virulent than yeast forms, as they can penetrate mucosal barriers and evade phagocytosis by host cells. Hyphal forms also secrete a toxin called candidalysin, which damages epithelial cells and facilitates fungal invasion into deeper tissues . - Phenotypic switching: C. tropicalis can undergo phenotypic switching, which is the reversible change in colony morphology and expression of surface antigens. Phenotypic switching may affect the adhesion, biofilm formation, drug susceptibility, and immune recognition of C. tropicalis. Phenotypic switching may also generate phenotypic diversity and adaptation to different host niches . - Secretion of hydrolytic enzymes: C. tropicalis can secrete various hydrolytic enzymes, such as proteases, phospholipases, lipases, and hemolysins. These enzymes degrade host tissues and cell membranes, facilitating fungal invasion and dissemination. They also modulate host immune responses by activating or inactivating cytokines, chemokines, complement components, and coagulation factors . - Stress tolerance: C. tropicalis can tolerate various environmental stresses, such as high temperature, high osmolarity, low pH, oxidative stress, and antifungal agents. Stress tolerance is mediated by several mechanisms, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), calcineurin signaling pathway, efflux pumps, ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, and oxidative stress response genes . These virulence factors make C. tropicalis a formidable pathogen that can cause serious infections in immunocompromised and immunosuppressed patients. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms and regulation of these virulence factors may provide new insights for the development of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of C. tropicalis infections. Infections caused by Candida tropicalis vary on the site of localization of the fungi. The various clinical manifestations include: - Superficial and mucosal candidiasis: It is associated with oral thrush (oropharyngeal candidiasis), angular cheilitis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Oral thrush is characterized by white patches on the tongue and mouth cavity that can be scraped off. Angular cheilitis is the inflammation and cracking of the corners of the mouth. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is marked by intense itching, abnormal thin watery discharge, pain during intercourse, and redness and swelling of the external genital organs. Candida tropicalis can also cause superficial infections of the skin and nails (onychomycosis), interdigital candidiasis (between the fingers or toes), and diaper rash. - Systemic candidiasis: It occurs when Candida tropicalis spreads to the bloodstream (candidemia) and affects internal organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, liver, spleen, and eyes. It is a common healthcare-associated infection that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. It is more common among people with weakened immune systems, such as those with cancer, leukemia, organ transplantation, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, or kidney failure . Symptoms of systemic candidiasis may include fever, chills, shock, organ failure, confusion, headache, vision loss, and skin lesions. - Chronic disseminated candidiasis: It is a severe form of systemic candidiasis that affects mainly leukemic patients and those with secondary neutropenia (low white blood cell count). It causes persistent infection of the liver, spleen, and kidneys that can lead to organ damage and death. To diagnose Candida tropicalis infections, various specimens can be collected depending on the site of infection, such as skin scrapings, oral and genital swabs, tissue biopsies, blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or urine. The following methods can be used to identify C. tropicalis from the specimens: - A 10% KOH wet mount can be prepared from skin scrapings or tissue biopsies and examined under a microscope for the presence of pseudohyphae, which are characteristic of C. tropicalis . - Differential stains such as haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid–Schiff and Gomori–Grocott methenamine silver stains can be used to detect fungal elements in tissue sections taken from biopsy or autopsy specimens. - C. tropicalis can be cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar or yeast extract agar, which produce cream-colored, dull, smooth colonies with the formation of small blastoconidial spores held by a hyphal stalk structure (mycelium) . - C. tropicalis can also be cultured on CHROMagar Candida medium, which produces colonies with a typical dark blue color. - Cornmeal agar can be used to observe the smooth blastoconidia spores and pseudohyphae of C. tropicalis under a microscope. - C. tropicalis can be differentiated from other Candida species by its ability to produce acetic acid from glucose fermentation. - C. tropicalis can also utilize various sugars and produce inositol from carbon sources. - C. tropicalis is positive for urease production, which distinguishes it from C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to amplify and detect the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of C. tropicalis, which is specific for this species. - Sequencing of the ITS-rDNA can also be used to confirm the identity of C. tropicalis by comparing it with reference sequences in databases. Candida tropicalis infections are treated with antifungal agents that target the fungal cell wall or membrane. The choice of antifungal depends on the type and severity of the infection, the patient`s immune status, and the susceptibility of the isolate. For superficial and mucosal candidiasis, such as oral thrush, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and skin and nail infections, topical antifungals are usually sufficient. These include creams, ointments, lozenges, or suppositories that contain nystatin, clotrimazole, miconazole, or ketoconazole. For systemic candidiasis, such as candidemia, disseminated candidiasis, and chronic disseminated candidiasis, intravenous antifungals are required. The most commonly used antifungals are amphotericin B, echinocandins, and broad-spectrum triazoles . Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal that binds to ergosterol in the fungal membrane and causes leakage of cellular contents. It is effective against most Candida species, but it has serious side effects such as nephrotoxicity, infusion reactions, and electrolyte disturbances. Therefore, it is usually reserved for severe or refractory cases. Echinocandins are a class of antifungals that inhibit the synthesis of beta-glucan in the fungal cell wall. They include caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin. They have fungicidal activity against Candida species and have fewer side effects than amphotericin B. They are recommended as the first-line treatment for candidemia and invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic patients. Broad-spectrum triazoles are a class of antifungals that inhibit the enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase in the fungal membrane, which is involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. They include fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole. They have fungistatic activity against Candida species and have good oral bioavailability. They are recommended as the first-line treatment for candidemia and invasive candidiasis in neutropenic patients and as an alternative or step-down therapy for non-neutropenic patients. However, some Candida tropicalis isolates may develop resistance to antifungal agents over time. This may be due to mutations in the target enzymes or genes, overexpression of efflux pumps, or alterations in the cell wall or membrane composition. Resistance to fluconazole is especially common among C. tropicalis isolates and may limit its use for recurrent or persistent infections . Therefore, antifungal susceptibility testing is recommended for all C. tropicalis isolates to guide optimal therapy. Newer antifungals such as voriconazole and echinocandins may overcome some of the resistance mechanisms and offer better outcomes for C. tropicalis infections . Candida tropicalis is usually susceptible to most antifungal agents, but resistance can develop over time or during treatment. Resistance to fluconazole, a commonly used azole antifungal drug, has been reported in several clinical isolates of C. tropicalis. Fluconazole resistance may be due to mutations in the ERG11 gene, which encodes the target enzyme of azoles, or in the UPC2 gene, which regulates the expression of ERG11 and other genes involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. Overexpression of these genes can reduce the susceptibility of C. tropicalis to azoles. Resistance to amphotericin B, a polyene antifungal drug that binds to ergosterol and disrupts the fungal cell membrane, is uncommon in C. tropicalis, but a few strains have demonstrated a high level of resistance to this agent. The mechanism of amphotericin B resistance is not fully understood, but it may involve alterations in the cell membrane composition or permeability. Resistance to echinocandins, a class of antifungal drugs that inhibit the synthesis of beta-glucan, a major component of the fungal cell wall, is particularly concerning because echinocandins are the preferred treatment for invasive candidiasis caused by C. tropicalis. Echinocandin resistance may be due to mutations in the FKS genes, which encode the subunits of the beta-glucan synthase complex, the target enzyme of echinocandins. Echinocandin resistance can also emerge during therapy, especially in patients with persistent or recurrent candidemia. Patients with C. tropicalis infections that are resistant to both fluconazole and echinocandins have very few treatment options. The alternative treatment is amphotericin B, which can be toxic for patients who are already very sick. Resistance to multiple antifungal drugs can also reduce the survival rate of patients with candidemia and invasive candidiasis. Therefore, it is important to monitor the antifungal susceptibility of C. tropicalis isolates and to use antifungal drugs judiciously and appropriately. Antifungal stewardship programs can help optimize the use of antifungal drugs and prevent the emergence and spread of antifungal resistance. Candida tropicalis infections can be prevented and controlled by various measures, such as: - Hygienic washing of hands to get rid of fungal spores on the hands to prevent the spread of the fungi. - Washing infected surfaces using water and ethyls. - Avoiding prolonged use of antibiotics, catheters, and antifungals that can disrupt the normal microbiota and increase the risk of candidiasis . - Maintaining good oral hygiene and denture care to prevent oral thrush. - Using barrier methods such as condoms during sexual intercourse to prevent transmission of genital candidiasis. - Controlling blood sugar levels in diabetic patients to reduce the susceptibility to candiduria. - Implementing infection control practices in healthcare settings to prevent nosocomial transmission of Candida tropicalis, especially the multidrug-resistant Candida auris. - Using over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal dosage forms such as creams and gels for effective treatment of local candidiasis. - Seeking prompt medical attention and antifungal therapy for invasive candidiasis, especially in immunocompromised patients . - Following the recommended treatment guidelines based on the infecting species and antifungal susceptibility . - Using probiotics and novel vaccines as an advanced approach for the prevention of candidiasis. We are Compiling this Section. Thanks for your understanding.

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If your Simple Search returns too many results, use one or more of the fields available under the Advanced Search option. Advanced search options include combinations of searches 'Descending Relevance' is the default display option. Select preferred sort order from "sort" drop-down menu list of options Wildcards let you specify some leeway when searching for text. You use them to replace one or more letters of words so that multiple matches can be found. The three wildcards: characters. For example, if you search for br*n, the search will find brown and broken, but not bangle. example, if you search for 102?, the search will find 102A and 1025, but not 1025A. characters. For example, if you search for bro[oa]ch, the search will find both broach and brooch. You can combine wildcards to provide even more powerful searches. For example, if you search for J[oa]n*, the search will find records which contain, amongst others, Jona, Jane, Jong, Jang, etc. Also known as logical operators, Boolean operators can also be used to combine many terms in search text. The three Boolean operators: example, if you search for fish and angler, only those records are found where both those words appear in any order in the text. You can combine Boolean operators to provide more powerful searches. For example, if you search for: pain and not back The proximity operators # and ## make it possible to search for adjacent terms: black # blue black ## blue The first example will find records where the term 'black' occurs immediately before the term 'blue', with only a space character separating them. The second example does the same except that the order of the terms may be reversed (i.e. it will find 'black blue' and 'blue black'). A maximum distance between terms may be specified using a numeric suffix. For example: black ##4 blue will find records where 'black' occurs within four words of 'blue'. In a case like October # 1984, the number will be interperated as the maximum distance between terms rather than a term unless it is parenthesised or single or double quoted. Another way round the ambiguity is to search for 1984 ## October! The search has rules for working out the order in which it should evaluate expressions that use more than one operator. These rules define what is known as precedence. For example, without precedence there are two ways to interpret the search text: chair and wood or iron them, or have the word 'iron' the words 'wood' or 'iron'. You can see that these searches would find a very different set of records. Therefore, if the search can find no brackets to show how to perform the evaluation (see below), it resorts to its rules of precedence. These rules tell it which operators to combine in which order. The order it uses is as follows: You can override the the precedence rules by using brackets to group together terms you want to find, just as you would in mathematics. For example, if you entered: chair and wood or iron as your search text, the precedence rules would evaluate the two terms separated by and first of all (because it has higher precedence), and then the or operator with the final word. The resulting matches would be interpreted as: To change this search, you would use brackets to join together the materials: chair and (iron or wood) The brackets would be evaluated first (because brackets have higher precedence than anything else) and then logically combined with chairs. Now the resulting matches would be interpreted as:

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Working this summer on brain mapping to research Alzheimer’s Disease, Neuroscience student Davis Juell says he is combining his two passions of research and medicine together. By experiencing firsthand the process of conducting innovative research, Davis is utilizing this research to increase the boundaries in which medicine can cure. Alzheimer’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disease, and the Amyloid-B (AB) protein has been identified as a factor in damaging neurons through the progression of the disease, moving in a prion-like fashion along neural connection. These damaged neurons then cause memory loss and cognitive problems, which are key characteristics of Alzheimer’s Disease. Currently, the only way to determine the level of AB protein concentration in brains is through biochemical methods. To fully understand the effects of AB proteins, mapping the origin and rate of them is necessary. Spending his summer in Dr. Majid Mohajerani’s lab with a senior PhD student, Davis is utilizing serial two-photon (STP) tomography to map whole brains of rodents with Alzheimer’s Disease to identify AB spread at specific time points. This method will allow Davis to quantify AB concentration, as well as determine the origin, location, rate of spread, and size and shape of AB proteins. Comparing these concentrations across regions will provide significant insights into Alzheimer’s Disease. Davis’ role in the project involves collecting and preparing brain samples for histological processing and utilizing image processing techniques for data analysis. Funded through an Alberta Innovates Summer Studentship, Davis is learning and building valuable research skills in the neuroscience field, something he hopes to build upon as he moves forward with his training. Through this research, I aim to satisfy my two lifelong learning objectives. Firstly, to experience firsthand the blind pathfinding of research. This academic program is an excellent opportunity for me to transfer from being spoon-fed information in the classroom into an environment where I am contributing to an active investigation that is on the frontline of learning about the universe. Specifically, and correlating with my secondary objective, I wholly admire the ability of research to increase the boundaries in which medicine can cure. It is for this reason that I want to develop a medical understanding of the underlying mechanisms found both in animal and human models. Most medical advances come from animal research, and this provides me with a unique opportunity to combine my two passions of research and medicine together. The feeling of being able to impact the lives of others and contributing to academia has shaped Davis’ education and motivates him to challenge himself outside of the classroom. Davis says this experience has fostered a sense of innovation within him to build confidence and leadership skills that allow him to present his research discoveries in an articulate fashion. He adds that conducting this research during his degree has formed who he is as a person and allowed him to find his own way through life, as well as boosting his confidence in decision-making and igniting his passion for medicine and medical school. Anecdotally, I have always found the service of others to be the most motivating. It's the reason why I'm interested in medicine—you help people during their most significant and desperate moments of their lives. With research, there might not be that direct chemical cascade of positivity when you save the [life] of another, but you still have that same life-saving effect and it’s at an international scale. I have immensely enjoyed being able to contribute to the excellent research that is being done at the U of L and that will improve the lives of other people worldwide.

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Elements of Webb: Series Introduction Ep0 Elements of Webb EP00: Introduction The James Webb Space Telescope is three stories tall, as wide as a tennis court. It's got a 21-foot primary mirror and then it's got these 4 instruments that are just incredibly powerful. It's the largest, most technologically challenging space telescope ever created. It's one hundred times more powerful than the Hubble Space Telescope but at half the weight. It's designed to look back in time even further than Hubble to see the very first galaxies to form after the Big Bang. Building Webb is truly a feat of innovative engineering each material must survive the turmoil of a launch and the varying temperatures of space - and it all starts with the elements. music music music music This is the James Webb Space Telescope! Elements of Webb explores why engineers chose to use different materials on the James Webb Space Telescope. Webb towers three stories tall, and has a tennis court sized sunshield and is twice the size of the Hubble Space Telescope, yet Webb is half Hubble’s weight. Why? Engineers precisely chose the right materials. #UnfoldTheUniverse Music Credits: Universal Production Music Keep Wait’n by Vitamin A Tympani Hit and Roll - Solo - Album Smash Please give credit for this item to: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center This page was originally published on Tuesday, November 9, 2021. This page was last updated on Wednesday, November 15, 2023 at 12:23 AM EST.

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As you generously support Teomati, you’re contributing to the wellbeing of indigenous communities in México, their cultural sovereignty, and the protection of their territories. Here we provide a window into the specific communities we’re currently in allegiance with. Ayotuxco is a Hñathö (Otomí) traditional community part of the “Holy Water Forest” that actively promotes ecological regeneration and cultural preservation.This region, located in Huixquilucan, State of México, is known as “Bosque de Agua” due to its enormous importance in terms of water catchment and its ability to supply the vital liquid to more than 25 million people in the states of Mexico, Morelos, and Mexico City. In spite of the different protected natural areas found in the region, the unregulated urban sprawl poses a constant threat, which has generated a significant loss of fauna and forest cover. The cultural viability of the Hñathö people is in peril, alongside the health of the Holy Water Forest and numerous endangered species, including: deer, armadillo, coyote, wolf, mountain lion, and axolotl (endemic salamander and cultural icon). “We are creating projects that support the regeneration of our ecosystem, the conservation of our mother tongue, and our offerings to the mountains by being resilient against the monster disguised as progress.”

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The Importance of Taking Time to Relax Hello, dear reader! In our fast-paced and demanding world, it is crucial to find ways to relax and reduce stress. The constant pressure from work, family, and social obligations can take a toll on our physical and mental health. Taking time for ourselves is not a luxury but a necessity for maintaining balance and overall well-being. The Benefits of Relaxation When we allow ourselves to relax, our bodies and minds can recharge and rejuvenate. Relaxation has been proven to reduce stress, improve mood, boost immune function, enhance concentration, and increase productivity. It helps us to better cope with challenges and be more present in our daily lives. So, let’s explore some effective ways to relax and find a sense of peace amidst the chaos. 1. Practice Deep Breathing Exercises One simple yet powerful way to relax is through deep breathing exercises. Find a quiet place where you can sit comfortably and take slow, deep breaths in through your nose and out through your mouth. Focusing on your breath helps calm your nervous system and promotes relaxation. 2. Engage in Regular Exercise Moving your body is a great way to release built-up tension and stress. Find an activity that you enjoy, whether it’s going for a walk, practicing yoga, dancing, or playing a sport. Regular exercise not only improves your physical health but also boosts your mood by releasing endorphins, the feel-good hormones. 3. Disconnect from Technology In today’s digital age, it’s easy to get overwhelmed by constant notifications and the pressure to always be connected. Take regular breaks from your devices and disconnect from technology. Use this time to engage in activities that bring you joy, such as reading a book, gardening, or spending quality time with loved ones. 4. Practice Mindfulness and Meditation Mindfulness and meditation have been practiced for centuries to promote relaxation and inner peace. Find a quiet space, close your eyes, and focus on your breath or a calming phrase. Allow thoughts to come and go without judgment. Regular mindfulness practice can help reduce stress and anxiety. 5. Prioritize Self-Care Make self-care a non-negotiable part of your routine. Take time to engage in activities that nurture your mind, body, and soul. This can include getting enough sleep, eating a balanced diet, pampering yourself with a bath or massage, or engaging in a hobby you love. 6. Spend Time in Nature Connecting with nature has a profound impact on our well-being. Take a walk in the park, go hiking, or simply sit and enjoy the beauty of the outdoors. Being in nature helps reduce stress, boost mood, and improve overall mental health. 7. Foster Healthy Relationships Building and maintaining healthy relationships is essential for our overall happiness and well-being. Surround yourself with positive and supportive people who bring out the best in you. Take time to connect with friends and loved ones regularly, whether it’s through a phone call, a coffee date, or a fun outing. 8. Laugh and Have Fun Laughter is indeed the best medicine. Make time for activities that bring you joy and make you laugh. Watch a comedy show, read funny books, or spend time with people who have a great sense of humor. Having fun and laughing helps reduce stress and improves your overall mood. 9. Practice Time Management Feeling overwhelmed and stressed often comes from poor time management. Take control of your schedule by prioritizing tasks, setting realistic goals, and delegating when necessary. Having a well-organized and balanced schedule allows for more relaxation and less rushing. 10. Create a Relaxing Environment Designate a space in your home or office that promotes relaxation. Fill it with soothing colors, comfortable furniture, and objects that bring you peace and joy. This environment can serve as a sanctuary where you can retreat to when you need a moment of calm. Conclusion: Taking Time for Yourself Hello! In conclusion, taking time to relax and reduce stress is essential for our overall well-being. In our busy lives, it’s easy to overlook self-care and prioritize other responsibilities. However, by implementing these relaxation techniques and making them a priority, we can achieve a sense of balance and peace. Remember, it’s not selfish to take care of yourself; it’s necessary for a happier and healthier life. So, start today and carve out moments of relaxation amidst the chaos.

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Many commercial buildings rely on fire sprinkler systems to protect their spaces when a blaze ignites. As an active measure of fire protection, sprinkler systems use a distribution of pressurized water to douse the flames. Sprinkler systems are incredibly common across the globe, but there are some misconceptions about them that people still tend to believe about the way they operate and how effective they can be. Here are the most common myths about fire sprinkler systems. - Myth: Water damage from a sprinkler system will be more extensive than fire damage. Truth: Water damage can be an issue, however, sprinklers will cause much less damage than a firefighter hose line. Sprinkler systems are designed to act fast and treat a fire before the fire department even gets there. If the fire continues to spread while you wait for the fire department, the smoke and flames will tear through a space and cause irreparable damage. Sprinklers are activated by heat and will help to put out the fire quickly and efficiently. They release much less water than firehoses but are still very effective. They release eight to 24 gallons of water versus the 50 to 125 from a firehose. - Myth: When a fire occurs, every sprinkler in the building is engaged. Truth: Sprinkler heads are activated individually. It is the heat from the fire that initiates fire sprinkler systems, so they will only activate if the fire is nearby (and in that case, they will be needed). Research has shown that sprinkler heads are rarely ever activated by accident. - Myth: A smoke detector is all you need for a fire protection system. Truth: Although commercial fire alarms are great for notifying people of a fire, they cannot do anything to put out the flames. You need a method of extinguishing the fire in addition to an alarm or smoke detector. For the utmost in safety, you need both an alarm system and a sprinkler system. - Myth: Adding sprinklers will greatly increase construction costs. Truth: A sprinkler system only will increase the cost by an average of one to two percent. Think of it in terms of an investment: you will be paying a lot more money in repairs if a fire ever does strike. Aside from saving money in the future, fire protection systems save lives. You cannot put a price on that. Commercial fire protection is imperative to the safety of your business. Forget what you’ve heard about sprinkler systems, get to know the facts, and consider installing one today.

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Hello, fellow plant lovers! Are you a proud owner of an ivy plant, or perhaps you’re considering adding this leafy green beauty to your indoor garden? Ivy, with its cascading trails of heart-shaped leaves, is a favorite among houseplant enthusiasts. It’s not just about its good looks, though. Ivy is well-loved for its resilience and adaptability, making it an excellent choice for both beginner and experienced gardeners. But even the hardiest plants can run into trouble, and ivy is no exception. One common issue that many ivy owners face is yellowing leaves. It can be quite disheartening to see your once vibrant and healthy ivy take on a sickly yellow color. But don’t fret just yet! This guide is here to help you understand why your ivy might be turning yellow and how you can restore it to its former green glory. - PLANT FOOD FOR INDOOR PLANTS: Big Green Leaves treats over 44 gallons of water at full strength. Promotes fuller, greener leaves and vigorous growth. Supports resilience from root to stem to leaf. - BETTER THAN LIQUID FERTILIZERS, SPIKES, AND TABLETS. Most houseplant fertilizers only provide 3 basic minerals. Big Green Leaves is loaded with essential superfood nutrients (minerals, vitamins, amino acids, organic biological compounds, and antioxidants). A concentrated 12-4-8 NPK plus organically-bonded micro-nutrients (magnesium, boron, iron, copper, manganese), and botanical sea kelp. - EASY APPLICATION. Pre-measured scoop included. Mix 2 scoops (tsp) per gallon of water. Use for watering every 7-14 days during the growing season. (100% water soluble instant feed). Resealable bag for clean, dry storage that will outlast any liquid plant food. - GENTLE & SAFE FOR CONSTANT USE. Fertilize during the grow season and winter. Urea free formula won’t burn your plants. - VERSATILE. Use as a soil drench, foliar feed, or hydroponic. Ideal for potted indoor houseplants, grow bags, soilless media, LECA, potting soil, & container gardens. Also great for accelerating plant propagations. Normal Ivy Growth Before we delve into the causes of yellowing leaves, it’s essential to understand what healthy ivy looks like. Ivy plants are characterized by their lush, trailing vines adorned with small, heart-shaped leaves. The leaves are usually a vibrant green color, although this can vary depending on the variety of ivy you have. Some types of ivy might have variegated leaves that are green and white or even green and yellow. It’s also worth noting that ivy leaves naturally age and will eventually turn yellow and fall off as part of the plant’s growth cycle. This is perfectly normal and not a cause for concern. If only a few leaves are yellowing and they’re at the bottom of the plant, your ivy might just be shedding some old foliage. However, if the yellowing is widespread or the plant appears unhealthy, it’s time to play plant detective and figure out what’s going wrong. Causes of Yellowing Leaves in Ivy If your ivy is sporting a yellow look, a few different things could be going on. Here’s a simple rundown of the most common causes: - Watering Woes: Both overwatering and underwatering can cause your ivy’s leaves to turn yellow. Ivy doesn’t like to have its feet wet all the time, but it also doesn’t appreciate being too dry. - Light Trouble: While ivy can tolerate low light, too little light can make the leaves turn yellow. On the other hand, too much direct sunlight can scorch the leaves and cause yellow patches. - Missing Nutrients: Ivy plants need a range of nutrients to stay healthy. If they’re not getting what they need from the soil, the leaves can start to yellow. - Unwanted Pests: Pests like spider mites, aphids, or scale can stress your plant and cause yellowing leaves. - Temperature and Humidity: Ivy prefers cooler temperatures and higher humidity. If conditions are too hot or too dry, the plant can show its discontent by turning yellow. - Pamper your houseplants with Miracle-Gro Indoor Potting Mix and Miracle-Gro Indoor Plant Food - The 6-qt. bag of potting soil has been blended for a wide variety of container plants and is designed to be less prone to gnats (contains no compost or bark, which are known to shelter fungus gnats) - This potting mix has an easy-to-water formula that helps the soil easily re-wet - Instantly feed all indoor houseplants, including edibles, with this 8-oz. liquid plant food - This bundle includes one 6 qt. bag of Miracle-Gro Indoor Potting Mix and one 8 fl. oz. bottle of Miracle-Gro Indoor Plant Food How to Treat Yellow Leaves in Ivy Now that we know why your ivy might be turning yellow let’s talk about how to fix it: - Adjusting Watering: If you suspect overwatering or underwatering is the problem, adjust your watering schedule. Ivy prefers to dry out a bit between waterings. Stick your finger about an inch into the soil. If it’s dry, it’s time to water. But remember, don’t let it sit in water! Drain any excess from the saucer underneath. - Light Conditions: If your plant isn’t getting enough light, move it to a brighter location. But be careful about too much direct sunlight. If the plant is getting scorched, consider moving it back a bit from the window or providing some shade. - Providing Nutrients: Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer during the growing season to provide all the nutrients your ivy needs. - Pest Control: If pests are the problem, remove them with a gentle blast of water or a soapy water mixture. In severe cases, you might need to use a pesticide. - Temperature and Humidity: Keep your ivy in a cooler spot, out of direct heat sources like radiators. And to increase humidity, consider using a pebble tray or a room humidifier, or grouping plants together. Remember, yellow leaves won’t turn green again, but fixing the problem will help new growth stay healthy and vibrant. Prevention and Ongoing Care for Ivy Plants Prevention, as they say, is better than cure. With a few simple ongoing care tips, you can keep your ivy plant happy and prevent yellow leaves from making an unwanted appearance: - Consistent Watering: Remember the finger test we talked about? Keep that up! Regularly check your ivy’s soil and only water when necessary to prevent both overwatering and underwatering. - Light Conditions: Find the right spot for your ivy. Bright, indirect light usually works best. If you notice your plant’s color fading, it might be a sign that it needs a little more light. - Regular Feeding: Feed your ivy with a balanced plant fertilizer during its growing season (spring and summer) to ensure it’s getting all the nutrients it needs. - Pest Checks: Regularly check your plant for pests. Catching a pest infestation early can make treatment much more manageable. - Suitable Environment: Keep your ivy in a cool, humid environment. If your home tends to be dry, consider getting a plant humidifier or grouping your plants together to create a mini indoor jungle. And there you have it, folks! Dealing with a yellowing ivy plant might seem daunting, but armed with a little know-how, you can diagnose the problem and nurse your plant back to health. Ivy is a resilient plant, and with your care and attention, it will bounce back in no time. Happy planting, and remember, every plant owner faces some green challenges – they’re just opportunities for you to grow along with your plants!

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By Dr. Ajesh Raj Saksena, Senior Consultant Surgical Oncologist, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad New Delhi (India), April 3: As the mango season approaches, anticipation and eagerness fill the air, with families and fruit lovers looking forward to enjoying the “king of fruits.” However, this excitement often overshadows a grave concern that threatens not just the authenticity of the fruit’s taste but, more importantly, our health. I am talking about the dangerous practice of artificial ripening and food adulteration, particularly the use of calcium carbide, a harmful chemical that poses numerous health risks, including cancer. The Health Risks of Artificial Fruit Ripening Calcium carbide, when used in the artificial ripening of fruits like mangoes, reacts with moisture to produce acetylene gas, which mimics the natural process of fruit ripening. However, the use of this chemical is not just an unethical shortcut but a health hazard. Exposure to calcium carbide has been linked to several health issues, ranging from neurological disorders to severe gastric irritation, and, in long-term cases, it can increase the risk of developing cancer. • Neurological Disorders: Continuous exposure to the chemicals used in artificial ripening can affect the nervous system, leading to headaches, dizziness, and mood disturbances. Over time, these symptoms could escalate to more severe neurological conditions. • Gastrointestinal Problems: The ingestion of chemically ripened fruits is often linked to severe gastrointestinal distress, including stomach aches, ulcers, and prolonged episodes of diarrhoea. The harsh chemicals can irritate the lining of the stomach and intestines, leading to discomfort and acute health complications. • Respiratory Issues: Breathing in the residues from these chemicals can lead to respiratory problems such as difficulty breathing, throat irritation, and an increased risk of asthma and bronchitis. For individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions, the impact can be significantly worse. • Cancer Risk: Perhaps most alarmingly, the long-term exposure to these chemicals has been associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. Calcium carbide itself is not a direct carcinogen but its use in food can lead to potential exposure to other harmful chemicals or impurities such as arsenic or phosphorous, which can be present in calcium carbide and have known or suspected carcinogenic effects. Long-term exposure to these chemicals can contribute to the development of various cancers, primarily due to their ability to cause cellular damage and genetic mutations. Here are some types of cancer that could be associated with long-term exposure to harmful chemicals found in artificially ripened fruits: Gastrointestinal Cancers: Regular consumption of fruits ripened with harmful chemicals can cause chronic irritation and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially leading to cancers of the esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum. The constant irritation can lead to cellular changes and, over time, may result in cancerous growths. Liver Cancer: The liver is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances, and consistent exposure to carcinogens found in artificially ripened fruits can lead to liver damage and an increased risk of liver cancer. The chemicals can induce mutations in liver cells, leading to cancerous growths. Lung Cancer: Inhalation of chemical residues from artificially ripened fruits can affect the lungs, leading to respiratory issues and potentially increasing the risk of lung cancer, especially in individuals with prolonged exposure to these chemicals. Bladder Cancer: Chemicals absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract can end up in the urine, potentially causing irritation of the bladder’s lining. Over time, this irritation could lead to cellular changes and an increased risk of bladder cancer. It’s important to note that the risk of developing cancer from consuming artificially ripened fruits depends on various factors, including the amount and frequency of exposure to these chemicals, individual susceptibility, and genetic factors. Identifying Artificially Ripened Fruits As consumers, it’s important to learn how to identify fruits that may have been artificially ripened. Mangoes ripened with calcium carbide often have an uneven color, with patches of green and yellow, and may lack the natural fragrance of a naturally ripened mango. Additionally, the flesh near the skin may feel harder, while the inner flesh remains unnaturally soft. Safe Practices for Fruit Consumption Before consuming mangoes or any fruit, it’s crucial to clean them properly to minimize the risk of ingesting any residual chemicals. Soaking fruits in water mixed with baking soda for about 15 minutes before rinsing them under running water can help remove some of the chemical residues. A Call to Action for Authorities and the Judiciary While awareness and preventive measures at the consumer level are important, the responsibility does not end there. It is imperative for authorities and the judiciary to recognize the seriousness of artificial ripening and food adulteration as dangerous public health hazards to our community at large. Stricter regulations, vigilant enforcement, and severe penalties for violations are essential to curb these practices. Making artificial ripening and food adulteration a serious and heinous crime is not just a regulatory necessity but a moral imperative to protect public health and safety. The Way Forward As a cancer surgeon, I have witnessed the devastating impact that cancer can have on individuals and their families. The link between cancer and environmental factors, including exposure to harmful chemicals found in artificially ripened fruits, underscores the urgency of addressing this issue. Let us not wait for the problem to exacerbate before we take action. It is time for each one of us—consumers, vendors, authorities, and the judiciary—to play our part in ensuring the safety of the food we consume. Let this mango season be not only a time of joy and celebration but also a season of increased awareness, responsibility, and action towards a healthier, safer future. Remember, the choice we make today can safeguard our health tomorrow. Let’s commit to enjoying our mangoes, and all fruits, in their most natural, safe, and delicious form. Dr Ajesh Raj Saksena Senior Consultant Surgical Oncology Apollo Hospital, Jubilee hills, Hyderabad www.drajeshraj.com If you have any objection to this press release content, kindly contact [email protected] to notify us. We will respond and rectify the situation in the next 24 hours.

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The University of Richmond is home to the Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States. This is an online atlas containing over 700 historical maps of the United States. Many of the maps have an interactive aspect to them. For example, you can view territorial maps and animate them to show population changes over time. Or you can click on a state or county to see related voting results. The maps also allow you to toggle on text descriptions to help you conceptualize what you are seeing on the selected map. The Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States provides a treasure trove of information for students, teachers, and history buffs. - The country has gone through so many changes within its long geographical history. - There are millions and millions of people that live in the best country in the entire world. - People change all throughout the country depending on where you go and who you meet. “This online atlas contains more than 700 historical maps of the United States.”

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4 short e-learning videos and a course guide This course is for teachers of pupils with hearing loss who communicate primarily in spoken language. The aim of the course is to give teachers and other pedagogical staff access to knowledge and methods on inclusion of pupils with hearing loss. The aim is to strengthen their didactical approach to teaching these pupils. - The course is for you, who have a pupil with hearing loss starting in first grade or coming in to an already established class. - The course can also be taken as a repetition after participating in a physical attendance course (we recommend, to do do this to get a deeper knowledge and understanding) or by the teachers, who were not able to take a physical attendance course. Network around the pupil In preparation, to make sure the pupil has a good start, we highly recommend having a meeting with the parents, a hearing professional, the schools leader and the receiving teacher. We also recommend having regular meetings in this network during the school years to discuss the academic as well as social issues related to going to school. The hearing professional can introduce the class to this pupil and his or her needs. The impact of this course is best supported in a study group. This can be: - The teacher team, that teach the class with a pupil with hearing loss - A ‘hearing professional’ and the teacher(s) - Teachers at the same school, who teach pupils with hearing loss in different classes - Teachers from different schools, who meet at online meetings We suggest including the guides on ‘Classroom design’ in the studies. The course includes general issues that may – or may not - have an impact on your pupil with hearing loss’ learning or social skills. The general issues and recommendations given in this course must be adapted to the specific needs and situation of each individual pupil. We therefore recommend discussing the specific situation of the pupil with a ‘hearing professional’. The course is divided into 3 modules. For each module, you see the e-learning video(s) and prepare your own reflections in your individual study time. After this, you meet in the study group or with a hearing professional. In the course guide there are links to two videos on youtube. The videos are in English and Danish. You can add subtitles in your own language. Find out how in this instruction: In this info-guide you find additional information, ressources and material on teaching a pupil with hearing loss. The themes in the info-guide are elaborations to the e-learning courses. Consequenses of hearing loss on audition, cognition, language, learning and social skills. Auditory skills and auditory strategies in the classroom Linguistic challenges and how to support your pupil Social inclusion - pragmatics and self-advocacy Center for Communication and Welfare Technology, Hearing counselling - children and young people, Fredericia, Denmark developed these materials. If you have any questions, go to “Contacts”, which you can find on the main page.

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Table of Contents What is an Intermodal Trailer? Intermodal trailers are specially designed trailers used in intermodal transport, which involves moving cargo using more than one mode of transportation – generally truck, ship, and rail – without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes. The primary purpose of intermodal trailers is to consolidate freight and streamline the transport process, thus reducing handling costs, improving transport speed, and decreasing damages and losses. Types of Intermodal Trailers There are several types of intermodal trailers, each designed for a specific purpose or type of cargo: Container Chassis: Designed to carry a shipping container. These are the most common type of intermodal trailer and come in a variety of lengths to match different container sizes. Flatbed Intermodal Trailer: Used for oversized or irregular cargo, these trailers offer greater flexibility in terms of cargo shape and size. Refrigerated Intermodal Trailer: These trailers are used for temperature-sensitive cargo. They come equipped with a temperature control unit to maintain specific temperatures during transportation. The Importance of Intermodal Trailers Intermodal trailers are critical to the efficiency and effectiveness of global trade. Here’s why: Cost-Effective: By using an intermodal trailer, companies can take advantage of the cost efficiencies offered by different modes of transport. Environmentally Friendly: Intermodal shipping can reduce the carbon footprint of freight transport by leveraging the efficiency of rail for long-distance hauls. Reliable: Intermodal transport tends to be more reliable, with less handling of the goods resulting in fewer damages and losses. It also reduces dependency on a single mode of transportation. Versatility: Intermodal trailers can handle a wide range of cargo types, making them highly versatile and beneficial to many industries. The Future of Intermodal Trailers As global trade continues to grow, the importance of intermodal trailers will only increase. Innovations are continually being made to make these trailers lighter, more durable, and more efficient. In addition, with increased focus on sustainability, the future of intermodal transport looks promising, pushing for more fuel-efficient designs and environmentally friendly materials. Intermodal trailers form the backbone of the global logistics network. They represent a critical juncture in the transport chain, allowing for the smooth transition of goods between road, rail, and sea. Understanding their function, benefits, and future direction is essential to appreciate their role in facilitating global trade. To learn more about the types of trailers used in the trucking industry click here. Here is a video of Driver Success about securing intermodal trailers. Listen to The Article Here Last modified: June 3, 2023

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Qi (pronounced chee) is the vital force that is the source of all life. It is the basis of Chinese Medicine and is what gives us life and provides animation. When qi flows smoothly through the meridians of the body, like a gentle breeze through the tree tops, we feel healthy and alive. When qi is stagnant, similar to a dam blocking the flow of a river, it disrupts the flow of energy and circulation to the downstream tissues. Alternately, when there is not enough qi, akin to a dried-up riverbed, there is not enough energy and blood flow to nourish the downstream tissues. Both situations – stagnant qi and deficient qi – can lead to you feeling tired and fatigued. How can you boost your qi to increase your overall vitality and well-being? In Chinese Medicine, there are 3 sources of qi - Lung qi or qing (“ching”) qi is the source of energy that we receive through breath. As you take deep breaths filling the lungs with air, you take in oxygen. The oxygen is transported via the bloodstream to the cells where it is utilized to break down food in order to get the energy you need to survive. Increasing the capacity of your lungs and exercising your lungs daily is essential to boosting your qing qi. Here are a few suggestions to maximize your lung qi - Digestive qi or gu (“goo”) qi is the energy that comes from the food and drink that we consume. Digestive qi relies on the health and strength of our digestive organs and meridians such as the stomach, pancreas, liver and small intestine. Gu qi is dependent on the healthy functioning of these organs to break down the food that we eat and readily assimilate the nutrients. It is these nutrients that provide the building blocks for the activities and daily functioning of our cells. To strengthen your digestive qi – Essence qi or jing qi is the reserve of energy and essence held in the kidneys. The kidneys are considered very important organs in Chinese medicine. They are shaped like kidney beans, each one about 10-15 cm long, and are located on either side of the spine deep in the abdomen. We are born with jing qi, receiving this essense from our parents. We have a finite amount of jing qi. To protect and preserve your jing qi follow these simple tips – Daily exercise, deep breathing, eating a healthy diet, eating throughout the day, maintaining a balanced lifestyle, reducing stress and getting a good amount of sleep are all ways to boost your qi. Try incorporating one of these suggestions for 21 days and see if you feel more alive Acupuncture is a great additional resource to maximizing your energy as it tonifies lung qi, boosts digestive qi and nourishes kidney qi.

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The Debt of WWII French Resistance Writers to WWI Veterans, Post 2: Jean Moulin This post is the second in a WWrite series on the debt of WWII French Resistance Writers to WWI Veterans. Last week, the blog featured resister Albert Camus and the influence of his father, a WWI soldier who died at the Battle of the Marne. This week, WWrite explores the most famous French Resistance icon, Jean Moulin. One of France's most celebrated WWII heroes began his fight in WWI as a soldier and an artist. The experience, which he discusses in his book, First Combat, shaped his rise as the leader of France's Resistance Army, also known as the "Army of Shadows." In Paris on December 19, 1964, the ashes of French WWII Resistance hero, Jean Moulin, were transferred from their original resting place at Père Lachaise Cemetery to the Pantheon, an architectural masterpiece located on the Montagne St. Geneviève in the Latin Quarter. Moulin, taken prisoner by the Nazis in 1943, died in a train station in Metz as he was deported to Germany from Lyon, France. The Pantheon, designed as a church by the architect Jacques-German Soufflot during the reign of Louis XV to honor the patron saint of Paris, St. Geneviève, is a peristyle building that was deconsecrated during the French Revolution in 1791 and renamed the Pantheon, a patriotic monument that contains the graves of great writers, scientists, generals, philosophers, artists, and politicians who have made great contributions to the history of France. Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Marie Curie, Victor Hugo, Alexander Dumas, and Simone Weil are among the 70+ illustrious figures housed there. The Pantheon also houses a copy of Foucault’s Pendulum. Moulin, born and raised in the south of France, was Prefect of Chartres at the time of the Nazi invasion in 1940. When he was relieved of his functions, he decided to flee to London and joined Charles de Gaulle, leader-in-exile of Free France. De Gaulle, unable to unify to the multitude of fractious resistance groups who had trouble collaborating with each other, asked Moulin to become his ambassador and head of the French domestic resistance within Vichy and Nazi-occupied France. Moulin is credited with bringing unity to the French Resistance and giving credence to De Gaulle as their leader. He succeeded and was able to form a National Resistance Board that met in a villa in Caluire, France in 1943. Weeks later, he was arrested when the Gestapo raided the villa. He was tortured by the infamous Klaus Barbie in Lyon and then sent to his death supposedly without giving away any information about underground Resistance activities. At the time of the ashes transfer to the Pantheon, France was far from the victory in WWI and the liberation in WWII that had given it some sense of patriotic, national cohesion. In 1964, the country was troubled and deeply divided by the events of the Algerian War, which had ended with Algeria’s independence in 1962. The figure of Jean Moulin aroused a general consensus and, in 1964, encouraged French to rally behind the myth of the French Resistance united around General de Gaulle, who was president at the time. At the Pantheon ceremony, in front of a mass of military troops, war and Resistance veterans, political dignitaries, and public spectators, fellow-resister, writer, Minister of Cultural Affairs, André Malraux, called for a resuscitation of French solidarity through Jean Moulin: It has been more than twenty years since Jean Moulin left us in a December, no doubt similar to this one, to be parachuted onto the soil of Provence, to become leader of the people of the night. Without this ceremony, how many children from France would have known his name? He was killed; and since then, sixteen million more children have been born ... May the commemorations of the two wars end today by the resurrection of the people of shadows who this man led, who he symbolizes, and who enter with him as a humble solemn guard around his dead body. While “the two wars” to which Malraux refers are undoubtedly WWII and the Algerian War, WWI could be easily added, especially when considering its influence on Jean Moulin’s writing and his role in the Resistance. WWI and its outcomes divided the French population just as much as its other 20th century conflicts. Many argued over the fate of the Versailles Treaty, the division of the old Empire, and the ways in which France would heal itself politically and socially in the aftermath of destruction and mass death, both civilian and military. A look at Jean Moulin’s role in WWI provides an interesting perspective on his commitment to French solidarity during WWII. It is interesting to note that some of Moulin’s most important biographers state, and some even denounce the fact that he played an inconsequential role in the Great War. However, when we consider that Moulin was only 15 when the war broke out in 1914, his participation demands to be seen through another lens. Living in the south of France, he was far from the fighting. Yet, as Joëlle Beurier, Professor of Cultural History at the University of Reims and specialist in images produced during WWI, writes in an article entitled “Jean Moulin and the Great War: Elements for Analyzing his Redemption,” that his family discovered the misery of the invaded regions when they quickly took in a poor family of refugees, a mother and her five children. His father, too old to be mobilized, transformed a middle school into a hospital for the wounded in August 1914. His mother sewed clothes for soldiers and finally, his sister started a nursing program at the Montpellier Red Cross. Moulin’s older friend, Paul Chauvet, joined the French army before he had the chance to be drafted. These influences on the impressionable Moulin must have been enormous. At 16, already an accomplished young artist, he almost entirely stopped drawing romantic pictures and began drafting images dedicated only to WWI. As Beurier argues, he focused on the world around him more than on his interior world. He sacrificed artistic liberty for political engagement. In his drawings, he represented his personal opinions on important events; so much so that it seemed to him necessary to defend the country, to publish the drawings to play his part in the Great War. He seems to have understood the historical dimension of the event in a way different from the vast majority of children or teenagers of that time. His drawings, inspired by the war, are different those of other pupils who, according to Beurier, often copied things they saw in the newspaper. Moulin invented his own images, came up with clever caricatures, and made sharp judgments. For example, in the drawing below, he criticizes American neutrality before its entrance in 1917, a sentiment common among the French. (Thankfully, they changed their minds afterwards!) Here, Woodrow Wilson is presented as a heartless grocer who takes advantage of the death of his compatriots while, from his windows, he watches the torpedoing of the Lusitania. An open vault reveals the currencies of all the European belligerents: mark, shilling, franc. Cases containing weapons bound for Berlin are piling up beside the shells destined for Paris. Leaning on his counter, the American president quietly smokes a cigarette. The drawing is in whistle-blower style that teeters on the verge of violence as he accuses the American president of sacrificing his nation for mercantile profit. Through the war, Moulin used his taste and a talent for drawing for propaganda purposes in favor of the France. As Beurier says, he fought with his pen. Later on, his drawings were featured in the French war-related media. Finally, at 18, Moulin was mobilized on April 17, 1918 and began accelerated training. He had just lost his grandmother Clarisse. As his sister, Laure Moulin, reports in her own book about her brother, the family was very affected; it was, in Laure's own words, “the end of their youth.” He left on September 20, 1918 for the front a few days after the death of his godmother, Jeanne Sabatier, who died on September 11th of Spanish flu that was sweeping the continent. Just as his company was preparing to enter the front line of combat Charmes, the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918. While at Charmes, he encountered British POWs heading home from Germany. In a letter to his parents in November 2018, he expresses shock at their miserable state: They are scary. They are just skeletons. I chatted with one of them at the English canteen. He couldn’t have weighed more than 30 kilos (66 pounds). He told me everything they had suffered. It's horrible. We’ll have to keep a few days here to treat them before sending them home. We must ration them. Many, it seems, died on the way here from eating too much. Reminiscent of reports of liberated prisoners from WWII German concentration camps, it is hard not to wonder if this observation helped cultivate his rage against the Nazis that pushed him to resist 20 years later. Moulin’s WWI experience comes back in his book, First Combat, which he wrote before his death in 1943. The memoir begins while he is still Prefect of Chartres in June 1940, just after the French surrender to the Nazis. The city is overwhelmed with refugees from the North and simultaneously emptied of its own inhabitants. Almost alone at his post, he witnesses the first Wehrmacht’s first detachments take over. He is summoned by a German officer, who tries to torture him into signing a false document damaging the honor of the French army that is still intact and fighting for Free France in Africa. In the following extract, he tells the tale of his refusal to sign, citing French WWI soldiers as one of his primary reasons: "Sign," said the blond officer. "It costs you to taunt German officers. " As I don’t lean over to take the pen, I get a blow between the shoulder blades that makes me stagger. The officer behind me had hit me violently with the barrel of his gun. I protest against these odious treatments: "I was brought here to see the general? Then it is with him that I want to discuss." My call to see the general is greeted by loud laughter accompanied by jokes in German that I can’t grasp. "There is no longer any question of the general," said the young blond officer. "But we are going to take you to another officer." And he calls one of the officials from the entrance to whom he gives an order. The soldier seizes me by the shoulder and pushes me, rather than directs me, to another room of the house. As he wishes, I do not enter the doorway fast enough and so he hits me in the back with the butt of his rifle. This time, I fall to the floor. Before I have time to get up, boot kicks rain down on me. It’s the officer they’ve taken me to see who strikes. I wonder if I will have the strength to get back on my feet. In front of me, I now see the blond officer who followed us, the officer who welcomed me with his boots, and a soldier with a rifle and bayonet. The little blond officer, whom I now call Executioner No. 1, makes a gesture to the soldier who points his bayonet on my chest, shouting in German: "Stand up! " In a painful start, I stand up. I have terrible pain. I feel that my legs are hard to carry. Instinctively, I approach a chair to sit down. The soldier withdraws the bayonet brutally and slams the rifle butt on my feet. I can’t help but scream: "When will these infamous processes cease? I said, after gathering my thoughts a little. "Not before," said my executioner, "you have signed the protocol." And, again, he hands me the paper. Me: "I do not understand why you are so brutal, using such methods. I was a soldier too, during the Great War, and I had learned to respect the German soldier. But the work you are doing right now dishonors your uniform.” At these words, the two officers leap at me, shouting to me that they will not let themselves be abused. One of them, the one who hit me when I was on the ground, a tall brown-haired man with an athletic body and a rough face, grabs my throat and squeezes to choke me. My Executioner No. 1 intervenes and I am finally let go. While I painfully find my breath, they continue, in a mix of French and German, to shout gross insults. They are now dragging me to a table where the "protocol" has been placed. Me. “No, I will not sign. You know very well that I can’t put my signature at the bottom of a text which dishonors the French army. My Executioner No. 1. “But there is no more French army. She is defeated, lamentably defeated. France collapsed. Her government fled. You are nothing anymore. All is finished.” Moulin never signs the document, but he does attest to the fact that his reasons for resisting come from WWI when he refers to his respect for German soldiers. Was the image of the returning British WWI prisoners running through his mind during this torturous interrogation? Is he mocking them or challenging them? Is he mocking or challenging himself? Was he trying to tell the Germans they would eventually lose once more to the French as they did in the Great War because they were still disrespectful in the way they treated their prisoners? Historians of the French Resistance report that torture was used a method to information from captured Nazis and collaborators. Was Moulin trying to spell out a code of conduct for the Army of Shadows that he would eventually lead – one of decency or one of brutality? It’s also important to remember that Moulin drew caricatures of German soldiers in WWI, which could be viewed as disrespectful. Is Moulin making then a statement about war in general, that it is impossible for fighting soldiers to respect each other? Is he making an overture to peace? While some argue Moulin was negligibly touched by WWI, First Combat, his memoir, shows differently. In this pivotal scene, which represents his first act of resistance, his decision seems to hinge on the fact that the Germans don’t respect him the way he had respected them in WWI. While the precise meaning of Moulin’s declaration remains ambiguous, it is sure that his engagement with WWI provided vital lessons for WWII underground resistance in the Army of Shadows. Through both his Great War politically-charged art and his military mobilization, Moulin acquired a great sense of why France should be defended at all costs. Certainly, WWI was one of the shadows Moulin fought under during the Nazi Occupation in WWII.

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https://ww1cc.org/index.php/articles-posts/4940-the-debt-of-wwii-french-resistance-writers-to-wwi-veterans-part-2-jean-moulin.html

2024-04-12T11:34:59Z

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Kittens and cats need to play. Play is normal behavior that provides young animals with opportunities to develop their physical coordination and problem-solving skills. It allows them to engage in species specific behaviors like hunting and stalking. If there’s another cat in the home, it also gives them a chance to hone their social skills with members of their own species. It’s common for kittens and young cats to engage in rough, active play because feline play can consist of mock aggression. Many cats retain this kitten-like behavior well into adulthood. Cats stalk, chase, pounce, swat, kick, scratch and bite each other—all in good fun. However, people often misinterpret this kind of behavior as aggression when it’s directed toward them. Cats display two different types of play behavior: solitary play and social play. They direct solitary play toward objects, like toys, skeins of yarn, paper bags, boxes and rolled-up paper. Social play is directed toward fellow cats, people or other animals. Unfortunately, problems can sometimes arise when feline play is directed toward people. Despite the playful intentions of a cat, he can cause injury to his human playmates. Cat scratches and bites are painful and can easily become infected. How to Reduce Your Cat’s Rough Play Behavior - A tired cat is a happy cat! The best solution for managing rough play is to make sure you’re meeting your kitten’s needs for activity and enrichment. - Offer as many scheduled, routine play sessions with your cat throughout the day as possible. If you get in the habit of really engaging your cat in energetic play and then offering him a meal, his needs as a predatory animal can be met and he may meet you with less frustration when you’re headed to bed, or when you’d like to relax on the couch. - Provide a variety of toys for your cat so that you can determine his preferences. In general, cats seem to enjoy batting at small toys, like balls and fake mice. They also like to stalk, chase and pounce on things that move like prey, such as toys with feathers attached to flexible rods that you can dangle and move about. Try getting your cat a wand toy; cats love to engage in play with their people, and this is a great way to show them what appropriate play looks like. Giving your kitten a toy he can wrestle with, kick at and bite, such as a stuffed sock, is a great idea. Please see our article, Cat Toys, to learn more about playing with your cat and choosing the best toys for him. - Make sure that his environment is set up to keep him active during the hours that you’re away from home. Most cats will nap all day long and then meet their person with a deep need to play and interact once they’re home. Keeping him engaged with enrichment, battery operated toys, and feeding puzzles while you’re gone can help him feel less frustration when you come home and cant play with him right away. - Frequently give your cat new objects to investigate, such as paper bags or cardboard boxes. Try an internet search for “DIY cat enrichment” and you’ll find tons of free or very inexpensive ideas that you can try with things you may already have in your home. - During playtime, don’t encourage him to bat at your hands or feet. Instead, direct the play away from you by using a long dangly toy or throwing you cat’s favorite toys. Schedule play sessions to coincide with times when your cat seems most active and playful. - Pay attention to your cat when he seeks attention. A cat seeking some pets and love will be loose, with a relaxed body and face. A cat who’s seeking playtime will likely be more alert, with whiskers forward, ears and tail twitching. Understanding his body language will help direct how you interact with him, avoiding offering lots of pets if he’s actually approaching looking for play. - Also pay attention to your cat while giving him attention. If you see his body language change into play mode, it’s time to grab a toy, direct him to the floor and engage in a good play session. - If your cat likes to grab your feet as you go up and down the stairs or hide under things and ambush your ankles or legs as you walk by, carry toys with you and toss them ahead of you to redirect his attention. Try to get him to focus on chasing the toys instead of attacking you. - Consider adopting another cat as a playmate. If you do, choose a cat with a similar energy level and play style as your cat. - Build an outdoor enclosure for your cat, complete with branches, boxes, shelves and perches for him to navigate. If you can provide a more complex environment for your cat, full of opportunities to hunt insects and chase leaves, your cat will be less motivated to play roughly with you. What NOT to Do - Do not encourage your cat to play with your hands, feet or any other body part. While it may be fun when you have a tiny kitten, it becomes painful and dangerous as your kitten grows up. - Do not try to pet your cat when he’s in play mode. Respond to his needs with lots of interaction with toys, only petting him when he’s calm. - Do not use toys that teach your cat to play with your hands, such as gloves with balls hanging from the fingers. If you do, your cat will be encouraged to direct his play at your hands and won’t understand that it’s only okay to attack your hands when you’re wearing the toy gloves. - Do not physically punish your cat for rough play. If you hit or slap your cat, he may perceive your actions as play and become even rougher. Alternatively, he might become fearful of your hands and respond by avoiding you or changing from play to real aggression. Do not yell at your cat or squirt him with water as these things can also lead to a negative relationship with your little one. - Never run from your cat or try to block his movements with your feet. These actions can cause your cat to intensify his play.

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2024-04-12T12:37:52Z

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Treatments for Melanoma: A Vaccine Targeting Deadly Melanoma Shows Early Promise by Dr. Eddie Fatakhov Melanoma is one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer and has been on the rise for 30 years. While only accounting for about 1 percent of skin cancer cases, melanoma is extremely aggressive and causes the largest proportion of skin cancer-related deaths. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2019 over 96,000 new melanomas will be diagnosed and over 7,000 people will die of melanoma. Melanoma is most commonly going to affect white males in their mid-60s. While there are specific factors that may increase one’s risk of melanoma, it can be found among all races and ages. How exactly does melanoma occur? Melanoma grows when unrepaired DNA cause damage to skin cells. The most common cause of this damage is from UV radiation (sunshine and tanning beds). Those with the genetic predisposing factors are plagued by rapidly multiplying cancerous cells that form malignant tumors. To date, there have been plenty of options for treatment of melanoma, but not any real options for prevention (other than the unlikely method of total avoidance of the sun). Researchers at Tel Aviv University (TAU) now say that have developed a nanovaccine for melanoma. The term “nanovaccine” is not one generally known by the public. Nanovaccines are the cutting edge in vaccine technology that use nanoparticles as carriers. These nanoparticles are a similar size to the pathogens (the disease-causing agent) which allows our immune system to react in a manner that is highly efficient in developing immunity. The effectiveness of these nanovaccines is also due to the fact that the nanoparticles are more efficient at targeting the direct site in the body where the disease originates, instead of targeting the body systemically. TAU researchers have demonstrated how this nanoparticle is the foundation of this new, potentially life-saving vaccine. It has thus far been tested and shown to be effective in preventing melanoma development in mice. Not only has prevention been demonstrated, but also treatment in the primary tumors and melanoma metastases have been successful. Using this nanovaccine technology, the immune systems of the mice are able to identify the attack the exact cells which contain the melanoma cells. The immune system has an amazing memory and continues to attack these cells if and when they appear in the body. TAU researchers tested the effectiveness of the vaccine on healthy mice, melanoma-infected mice, and on the tissue of patients with brain metastases from melanoma. The outcome of each condition tested showed that the vaccine was effective in either prevention or treatment. With one in three people at risk of developing cancer in an invasive site, and one of five of people at risk of dying from invasive cancer, the development of any vaccine that can prevent a form of cancer is a medical breakthrough. While still in the early stages of research, these preliminary findings are promising. In a time where more than 600,000 people in the U.S. will die from cancer just this year, any research that could clear the path for a future cancer-free generation is worth exploration. Take 30 seconds and join the 30Seconds community. Inspire ... and be inspired. Related Products on Amazon We Think You May Like: 30Second Mobile, Inc. is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.30seconds.com/health/tip/18512/Treatments-for-Melanoma-A-Vaccine-Targeting-Deadly-Melanoma-Shows-Early-Promise

2024-04-12T11:18:20Z

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What Sound Does A Hippo Make? Grunt, Groan, Growl, Roar Hippos grunt, groan, growl, roar, and make loud wheezing sounds. They also make chuffing noises. But the descriptive power of language is limited. Therefore, it would be best if you could hear these noises for yourself. In response to your inquiry, I’ve included some hippo sounds that were captured deep within the African bush. Table of Contents What Does a Hippo Sound Like? Numerous vocalizations are produced by hippos. These noises include honks, grunts, roars, squeals, and what sounds like wheezing. Honking hippopotamuses resemble deep-voiced laughter. To demonstrate his dominance, a male may honk. In particular, when they want something, hippos can roar. Check out the video below to hear a hungry, or in this case “hangry,” hippo roaring. What Are the Underwater Sounds of Hippo? Hippos are semi-aquatic animals that spend their days entering and exiting the water. When they become too hot, they stand in the riverbed to become cooler. They return to the shore to soak up the sun when they become too cold. Hippos will keep their eyes, ears, and nostrils above water while swimming in the river. Their mouths will be completely submerged. Even though they cannot breathe underwater, they can still communicate while submerged. According to some estimates, up to 80% of hippo communication takes place underwater. But what is really cool is that hippos can communicate through the water and the air at the same time. Hippos can detect sounds in the air using their ears. What is the Purpose of Underwater Communication? Actually, when a hippo is submerged, it makes three distinct sounds. - One of those is the click. - The other is a tonal whine that seems to be associated with submissive behavior. - The other is a pulsed croak that young hippos make when they are interacting with each other. Why do hippopotamuses need underwater communication when they can be so vocal? We really don’t know, is the answer? How Does Hippo Communicate? Body Language and Non-Vocal Communication Hippos are not only experts at communicating amphibiously; they also understand how to convey ideas through body language. The most famous illustration of this is their enormous yawn. A hippopotamus has a 150-degree mouth opening. While this enormous beast may appear to be dozing off, what it is actually frequently doing is showing off its powerful teeth. The length of a hippo’s teeth can reach 20 inches (50 centimeters). Additionally, a crocodile’s back can be snapped in half by its powerful jaw. So avoid the animal if you see it yawning! Lunging, charging, and jaw-clashing are additional non-verbal cues. Along with shaking its head and spouting water, an irate hippopotamus may also. A male hippo, on the other hand, might act submissive around the dominant male. One instance of this is when he walks with his head lowered. A hippo can also “lay prone” with his body low and his face down. This can calm down a raging male or a hot-tempered female. What Does a Baby Hippo Sound Like? Hippos in infancy make low grunting noises. Watch the brief but sweet video below to hear a baby hippo talking. How Loud Are Hippopotami? A herd of honking and grunting hippos can be as loud as 115 decibels and heard up to a mile (1.6 kilometers away). The volume of the sound is comparable to a boisterous rock concert or a nearby thunderstorm. What are the Sounds of Hippo Mating Displays? Another situation where physical communication is important is mating. The male may make vocalizations like wheezing or honking. But compared to the mating call, the female is more susceptible to being seduced by the mating display. What a peculiar mating display it is, too. Males tend to approach females closely. Then, while waving his tail to spread the waste all over, he will urinate and defecate at the same time. The female may also wave her waste around if she finds you interesting. An enormous and hostile animal, the hippopotamus. Although they typically do not pose a significant threat to people, when provoked, they are able to do significant harm. Their size and strength are largely to blame for this. They also possess big, flat teeth that can easily pierce human skin.

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https://www.5starvoices.com/what-sound-does-a-hippo-make-grunt-groan-growl-roar/

2024-04-12T12:08:43Z

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As you go through life, you will come across adversity. When that adversity is physical, your instinct will be “fight or flight;” when the adversity is internal, it will be “accept or suppress.”The inability to deal with the stress can lead to feeling helpless and powerless, so you may create a coping mechanism to get by. The coping mechanism can be conscious or subconscious ways to deal with uncomfortable situations or emotions. Although coping mechanisms can change how you feel or interpret a situation, they can build a false sense of security. There are positive and negative coping mechanisms. Positive coping mechanisms don’t have instant gratification, but they put you in a position to be better off in the long run. Negative coping mechanisms typically come with instant gratification but long-term negative consequences. A person can go to extreme lengths to avoid feelings sometimes. What they use as a defense or coping mechanism can differ, but some are bad. If you can identify your coping mechanisms, you can get better control of your feelings and life direction. It may sound safe to rely on yourself alone, but there is a fallacy when you take it to extremes. People often tend to close up and keep things to themselves as it seems the easiest and best option. Humans are social animals, and you need to connect with others to have a healthy lifestyle. Your mental health will improve when you have a rich and diverse community around you. If you have any problems in life, you can take them to your community for assistance. The opposite is true; people in your community should be able to come to you for help. When you have that healthy exchange of interactions, it creates strong bonds that will become invaluable. 2. Substance Abuse Alcohol is a common habit for those looking for respite. Drinking your problems away is not the solution; you will not only impair your physical health but return to your issues with a hangover. What makes alcohol challenging to avoid is its accessibility, especially in social settings. Drugs are another habit that many people resort to in times of trouble. Drugs can give the user a sense of euphoria or peace, but once the effects wear off, the user is left with deep sadness, irritability, or lack of pleasure. Drug use also invokes guilt and shame, which can compound stressful emotions or situations. Drug abuse can also come from self-medication which people tend to do in cases of low self-esteem, anxiety, and stress leading to addiction. A healthier solution, especially if you find yourself struggling with addiction, is to use a residential treatment facility in Florida. The rehabilitation will help you grasp your emotions and coping mechanisms so that you understand what you are doing to yourself. It will also give you a healthy coping mechanism for the future. Denial is the selective ignoring of information. It’s a form of self-deception that lets you detach yourself from a situation. For example, when you receive terrible news like a partner ending a relationship, and you refuse to acknowledge it. It allows you to form new beliefs around good news rather than bad news with disastrous consequences, like if your ex-partner wants to sit down for lunch for closure, but you see it as an opportunity to rekindle the romance. Accepting how we feel can be difficult, but it is one of the most critical steps toward recovering; it creates false security. Catastrophizing can be related to overthinking, quickly jumping to conclusions, trying to predict how things will turn out, or feeling pessimistic about the future. Although it is normal to worry about the future, if it is extreme, it will hold you back in life. Sometimes catastrophizing is a coping mechanism for insecurities you may have in life. You create scenarios in your head without rationale to avoid taking action. For example, you may not feel confident about your professional skills, so rather than apply for a promotion, you will create scenarios where the boss doesn’t like you or the company “deserves” better candidates. You will rationalize that you are protecting yourself from a more prominent threat when you are actually holding yourself back. Find Healthy Ways to Cope There is no way that you can live a life without adversity, but you can deal with it more healthily. Take the time to analyze how you deal with stressful situations and make an honest assessment. Once you are aware of your shortcomings, you can better prepare yourself for what life throws at you.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

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2024-04-12T11:03:42Z

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Kidney cancer is one of the most common cancers that affects millions worldwide. It is important people have a basic understanding of kidney cancer, including its symptoms, stages, types, and available treatments. With this blog post, we aim to educate people about kidney cancer, shedding light on the symptoms, stages and treatment of this disease and providing valuable insights for individuals and their families affected by this diagnosis. Kidney Cancer Symptoms Recognizing the symptoms of kidney cancer is essential for early detection and prompt medical intervention. While the early stages of kidney cancer often do not exhibit noticeable symptoms, some common signs may include blood in the urine (hematuria), lower back pain, persistent fatigue, unexplained weight loss, and a lump or mass in the abdomen. It is essential to consult a urologist if you experience any of these symptoms, as they warrant further investigation and evaluation. Kidney cancer symptoms can vary from person to person, and some individuals may not experience any symptoms until the cancer has progressed to an advanced stage. Regular check-ups and screening tests are crucial, especially for individuals at increased risk of kidney cancer: smokers, obesity, and a family history of kidney cancer. Stages of Kidney Cancer Kidney cancer has four stages. In the earlier stages, the tumour is confined to the kidney and has not spread to nearby areas. In the advanced stage, the tumour increases in size and may have spread to surrounding tissues, lymph nodes, or distant organs. The stage at diagnosis determines the prognosis and treatment options for individuals. Understanding the type of kidney cancer helps healthcare professionals determine the appropriate treatment approach and predict the disease's behaviour and response to therapy. Various tests such as CT/MRI scans, biopsies, and blood tests are required to stage the disease. Once the stage of kidney cancer is determined, the urologist can develop a personalized treatment plan based on the extent of the disease. Kidney Cancer Treatment The most common treatment approaches include open/laparoscopic/robotic surgery. Depending on the extent of the disease entire kidney (nephrectomy) or only part of the kidney (bearing the tumour) is removed. Partial nephrectomy, which removes only the tumour and a portion of the kidney, is an option for smaller tumours or when preserving kidney function is crucial. Other treatment options include targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies aim to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and boost the body's immune system response against the disease. These treatment options have shown promising results, particularly for advanced or metastatic kidney cancer cases. Chemotherapy is reserved for cases where cancer may have spread to other areas and other treatments have not been effective. Clinical trials are an upcoming avenue for exploring new treatment options and advancements in kidney cancer management. Participation in clinical trials can provide access to innovative therapies. However, not every patient is a candidate for enrollment in a trial. Kidney cancer is a complex disease with various types and stages, each requiring a tailored treatment approach. By understanding the symptoms, stages, and types of kidney cancer, individuals and their families can have informed discussions with urologists and make well-informed decisions regarding their treatment options. Early detection, prompt medical intervention, and ongoing research into innovative treatments are crucial in improving outcomes for those affected by kidney cancer. Together, we can strive towards a future with a better understanding, prevention, and management of this challenging disease.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.apollohospitals.com/cancer-treatment-centres//blog/understanding-kidney-cancer.php

2024-04-12T11:21:27Z

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Two halves of a 17th-century family portrait have been reunited MARY LOUISE KELLY, HOST: In 1626, a father and son sat for a portrait. The father rests in an armchair sporting a fancy mustache, a goatee, ruffled collar around his neck. The son poses beside him with rosy cheeks, a red ribbon and elaborate lacy cuffs. ANGELA JAGER: You can see in the way that they are dressed, this is a very wealthy father and son. ARI SHAPIRO, HOST: Angela Jager curates old master paintings at the RKD Netherlands Institute for Art History. She says the artist, Cornelis de Vos, was one of the top portrait painters of his day. JAGER: He was very sought after, so if you could get him to portrait your family, then you were a wealthy and influential family. KELLY: But there's something missing from this portrait according to Jorgen Wadum, a consultant at the Nivaagaard Collection in Denmark. JORGEN WADUM: The father and the son that are so affectionately holding hands, it looks like a unity in itself. You could easily imagine that this was a finished painting if you didn't have that extra-careful eye. KELLY: That extra-careful eye led the two to pay special attention to something in the lower right-hand corner of the portrait. WADUM: There were a couple of knees covered by a black-striped dress in the lower corner. And we could immediately see that there is a story here that we don't know much about yet. SHAPIRO: They teamed up to investigate this story and found evidence the portrait had been sliced in two sometime in the mid-1800s, perhaps due to damage. KELLY: A report about a restoration of the work decades earlier gave them another clue. It revealed that hidden under the paint in that corner was a woman's hand. WADUM: Slender fingers, a couple of rings in her fingers, and she was holding beautifully embroidered gloves in her hand with a red lining. SHAPIRO: They began searching the painter's repertoire for a portrait of a woman missing her right hand, of course. And eventually, they came across one titled "Portrait Of A Lady." WADUM: It's a portrait of a lady sitting against a background with a garden to one side and some trees that matches perfectly with the painting that we have here. And when even the background, the sky matched so perfectly, then we were pretty sure that now we've discovered her. JAGER: Of course, Jorgen called me and said, look at your email. I think I found our missing woman. SHAPIRO: Even better? Her portrait was for sale. JAGER: So this opened up the opportunity for the museum to actually purchase her and reunite the family. KELLY: The paintings now hang side by side at the Nivaagaard Collection, the family reunited after nearly two centuries apart. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.apr.org/arts-life/arts-life/2023-03-17/two-halves-of-a-17th-century-family-portrait-have-been-reunited

2024-04-12T10:40:15Z

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The origin of blacksmiths in Africa dates as far back as the sixth century BCE. Around 1500 BCE, Western Africa would receive its first notable blacksmiths. These metalsmiths possessed skills that no society within the continent had yet witnessed. The metal art appeared as though it were some form of magic. Consequently, the works of art these blacksmiths created often caused specific communities to express fear and resentment. Fortunately, not all African societies shunned the talents of these metalworkers. Many African citizens admired the results of the metalsmiths’ labors, henceforth giving the artists a meritorious social status. The ogboni/osugbo society, which holds Yoruba artists and metalsmiths, is one of many that has benefited greatly from the work of its blacksmiths.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.artandobject.com/news/must-see-african-metal-arts-exhibit-peace-power-prestige

2024-04-12T12:02:50Z

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Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus) Physical Description: Common Vampire Bats are small, furry grayish-brown bats with lighter brownish bellies. They range from just 2.75 to 3.5 inches in length, have a wingspan of up to 15.75 inches and weigh just 1.2 ounces. They have large eyes, a rounded nose, pointy ears and very sharp teeth. Habitat: They live in warmer climates including rainforests and deserts. Range: They are found in Central and South America as well as Mexico. Diet: They drink the fresh blood of large, warm-bodied animals. Sometimes fresh blood from other creatures. Lifespan: They live 9 years on average in the wild and up to 20 years in human care. Social Structure: These bats typically live in colonies of between 20 to 100 animals, however they can include up to 5,000 individuals. Vampire Bats give birth to one or two young after a 7-month gestation. Young can be born any time of year. At first, mothers feed their young milk but will begin feeding them regurgitated blood at two months of age. By four months, they young join mom on her nightly hunts. At five months of age, they are full grown. Status: Least Concern1 Other: Common Vampire Bats are the only mammals in the world known to feed exclusively on the blood of their prey. Normally, that prey includes sleeping warm-blooded creatures such as pigs, cattle, chickens or even humans but recently, some Vampire Bats have been recorded drinking the blood of toads, snakes and crocodiles. Contrary to popular belief, these animals do not suck blood but make a small incision with their razor-sharp teeth and lap up the flowing blood. They have a chemical in their saliva which is 20 times more powerful than the most effective anti-clotting medicines! Rainforest Building open daily from 10:30 am to 3:30 pm

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Today’s dental blog focuses on a preventative treatment often used to help impede the development of cavities in children. Dental sealants are a thin coat of clear resin that is applied to the biting surfaces of teeth, usually the rear molars. The back teeth are more prone to cavities because is difficult to reach them with a tooth brush and the surfaces contain pits and grooves that easily trap bacteria. It is hard for many adults to clean their back molars and almost impossible for our young children. Dental sealants fill in the pits and grooves on the rear molars to create a smooth surface. Family dentists most often recommend sealants for children’s permanent back teeth, though sometimes they are used for adults, too. Parents may not realize how quickly a cavity can form in a young child’s mouth. Many kids develop cavities even before they start kindergarten! It is vital that our local parents start regular dental visits early for their toddlers and young children. The American Dental Association advises that a child’s initial dental exam take place soon after the first tooth erupts, but no later than the toddler’s first birthday. Dental sealants protect teeth without decay (primary prevention) and also prevent tooth decay from getting worse (secondary prevention). At Blaisdell Family Dentistry, we take special care of our young dental patients. We want each child’s dental visits to be pleasant and painless so they will never develop a fear of the dentist. We advise parents on the specific dental issues associated with each stage of childhood. Ask us about fluoride, sports mouthguards, and orthodontic treatment. I am Lynn R. Blaisdell of Blaisdell Family Dentistry. I don’t believe that childhood cavities are unavoidable. Call my office at 208-377-9696 to schedule a dental exam. I provide comprehensive restorative and cosmetic dentistry for people of all ages. My office is located at 8877 W Hackamore Dr in Boise. You can learn more about my practice at https://www.blaisdellfamilydentistry.com/about-blaisdell-family-dentistry/

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Only early risers were able to enjoy this remarkable meteorological event in real time, which took place mainly in the Canadian province of Alberta. A short-lived but massive flash of blue light illuminates the prairie provinces of Canada early Monday morning. After just a few minutes, what gives the residents of the area a glowAnd kUEarlier R.J. 6:30 The clock local time Was seen on social media.After s People own surveillance cameras DUwanted to And publishedIn What did they record. The American Meteor Society alone received over 400 reports and over 100 videos of natural phenomena. Event AMS # 2021-978 Mainly seen in the Canadian province of Alberta, but also appeared in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Montana (USA). According to Professor and Curator of Meteorite Collection at the University of Alberta, Drs. Chris Heard, the bright flash was probably a meteorite – and because it was “particularly bright”, it was classified as a fireball. Based on photos and videos posted on social media, Geoff Robertson, former president of the Edmonton Center of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, stated that the meteor was possibly the size of a desk or refrigerator, and that parts of it belonged to him. Can be found out. The way of the earth 14 kg heavy meteorite found in Sweden Two Swedish geologists were fortunate in this regard. He discovered an iron meteorite weighing about 14 kg. This is the alleged main piece of meteorite impact on 7 November, as the Stockholm-based Natural History Museum announced on Tuesday. Two swades near Encoping, northwest of Stockholm, made a rare discovery and handed it over to the museum. According to the museum, this is the first time in 60 years that a meteorite has been found during an accident in Sweden. A ball of fire was seen by countless people from the Swedish region on 7 November, which lit up the sky for about three seconds. Astronomer Eric Stampels of Uppsala University then calculated the approximate location of the impact, where small fragments of an iron meteorite were later found. The main piece now discovered is about 30 centimeters long and probably the largest of the celestial bodies, which according to Stampel originally weighed an estimated nine tons when entering the atmosphere. Some small parts are still suspected to be in the area. Devoted web advocate. Bacon scholar. Internet lover. Passionate twitteraholic. Unable to type with boxing gloves on. Lifelong beer fanatic.

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In this article: What is a Hospitality Management Degree? Degree programs in hospitality management teach students how to operate hotels, restaurants, and other businesses that serve business travelers and vacationers. Coursework may vary from one curriculum to another, depending on whether the program offers general hospitality management training or is focused on a specialty area, such as travel agency operations, restaurant management, or hotel management. Regardless of the specific course content or concentration, students are likely to take some or all of the following classes: - Employee Labor Relations - Facilities Design - Food Service Operations - Hospitality Finance: Budgeting and Payroll - Hospitality Law - Hotel and Resort Operations - Inventory Management - Marketing and Advertising - Meetings and Events Management - Tourism Geography Associate Degree in Hospitality Management - Two Year Duration This degree program prepares students to continue their studies in a bachelor’s program or to work in administrative and entry-level roles in the field. Coursework typically includes food and beverage ordering and inventory management, wine and beverage control, basic bookkeeping, and an introduction to advertising. Bachelor’s Degree in Hospitality Management - Four Year Duration With a Bachelor’s Degree in Hospitality Management, graduates generally qualify for positions as food and beverage managers, conference coordinators, gaming supervisors or managers, and assistant lodging/front-desk managers. At this level of education students can typically choose a concentration such as gaming management, meetings and events, restaurant management, or PGA golf tournament. These are examples of classes that are commonly offered in hospitality management bachelor’s programs: - Foundations of Hotel Management – hotel and resort operations; maintaining service standards - Food and Beverage Management – restaurant operations; food and beverage purchasing - Wine History and Culture – wine styles; old world wine regions; new world wine regions - Meetings and Events Management – corporate meetings, conferences, and incentive travel management - Human Resource Management – hiring hospitality staff and managers - Hospitality Facilities and Operations Management – design features used in the hospitality industry; space planning; floor layouts - Technology for the Hospitality Industry – software and systems used in the hospitality industry Master’s Degree in Hospitality Management - Two Year Duration Holders of a Master’s Degree in Hospitality Management may find employment as hospitality training and development managers, hospitality industry office managers or administrative service mangers, meetings and event planners, hospitality advertising and marketing managers, and hospitality industry sales managers. Concentration options at the master’s level include event management, marketing management, operations and revenue management, and entrepreneurship. Classes in master’s degree programs include: - Human Resource Management in the Hospitality Industry – workforce management theories and practices - Global Service Management – navigating cultural and language barriers in serving international guests - Corporate Finance – making and managing money in the hospitality field - Franchising in Hospitality – laws and best practices pertaining to hospitality franchises - Hospitality Business law – laws that govern the hospitality industry Doctoral Degree in Hospitality Management - Four to Eight Year Duration Doctorate programs in hospitality management instruct students in the formulation of new and original theories and ideas for the industry. The typical curriculum is divided into four sub-areas, as follows: - Tourism and Hospitality Business Operation Management – hotel management, human resource management, organizational behavior, consumer behavior, service marketing - Tourism, Event, and Recreational Management – applications of technology in hospitality and tourism, economics of tourism, social and cultural impacts of tourism, reducing poverty via tourism, special interest tourism, sport and event management, sustainable and responsible tourism - Tourism and Hospitality Business Development Management – entrepreneurship, environmental management, hospitality and tourism real estate development - Food Science – food safety management Degrees Similar to Hospitality Management Business administration includes overseeing finances, staffing, and contract negotiations. A business administration degree program, therefore, teaches students how to plan, organize, and direct all the activities of an organization. Culinary arts are the arts of preparing, cooking, and presenting food. Food that is as pleasing to the eyes as it is to the taste buds is the goal of the culinary artist. Degree programs in the field prepare students for a variety of roles within the food and hospitality arenas. The typical curriculum covers professional cooking techniques, world cuisines, how to balance flavors, food aesthetics, and menu planning. Food Service Management Degrees in food service management are targeted at individuals who wish to combine their passion for food with an interest in managing a food-related business. Students of international business study business from a global perspective. They learn how to work cross-culturally, how to manage multinational businesses, and how to turn local and national companies into international corporations. Coursework often includes some foreign language studies, as well. Recreation and Leisure Studies This degree field focuses on the theories of recreation and leisure and teaches students how to market and provide recreational and leisure services to consumers. Coursework covers area and facility design, recreation for specific populations, legal issues in leisure services, and recreation leadership. Professional Golf Management Degree programs in professional golf management teach students the skills they need to work as golf club professionals and golf instructors. Typical courses include golf management and accounting, turf management, coaching and player development, and food and beverage management. Skills You’ll Learn By its nature, the hospitality industry is about customer service and the customer experience. Therefore, perhaps more than in any other business sector, soft skills are very much sought after by employers. It follows, then, that hospitality management programs include the teaching of such skills as part of their curriculum. Graduates come away with skills in: - Self confidence - Emotional intelligence What Can You Do with a Hospitality Management Degree? Hotels, Resorts, and Casinos Opportunities for hospitality management graduates exist with hotel chains, independent boutique hotels, business hotels, apartment hotels, casino hotels, and resorts. Within each of these sectors there are jobs with food and beverage outlets, the front-desk/reception, reservations, concierge/guest services, conference services, the rooms division, kitchens, human resources, and payroll. Airlines, Airports, and Ground Handling Agents Holders of a hospitality management degree may pursue potential positions in the various areas of airline operations: passenger service, reservations, marketing, sales, and inflight crew. Passenger service agent jobs are also offered by handling agents and airport authorities, to which many airlines subcontract their ground handling. Services that are often subcontracted include check-in counter services; gate arrival and departure services; customer service and transfer counters; and airline lounges. Tourism / Destination Management Tourism attractions worldwide need to hire personnel with training in customer service and hospitality. Jobs exist with museums, art galleries, historical monuments and buildings, national parks, theme parks, aquariums, zoos, and landmarks. Cruise lines, luxury trains, and city tour companies are also significant employers of hospitality management grads. In addition, in most major cities there are destination management companies that coordinate all of these tourism products for companies that hire them to organize incentive or reward travel programs for their employees or customers. Local tourism boards also employ individuals with a hospitality management background. This sector of the hospitality industry is very specialized. It includes meetings, incentives (corporate reward programs), conferences, and events. Event management specialists plan, organize, and execute events of all kinds and all sizes. While corporate conventions and incentive travel programs form a large part of this subfield, the sector also includes events like concerts, trade shows, speaker programs, and festivals. Conference and Exhibition Centers and Event Venues These facilities are central to the hospitality industry and employ significant numbers of people, many of whom have a background in hospitality and tourism. Luxury Brand and Experience Management Luxury brands target their luxury products to luxury consumers. These brands come from non-traditional hospitality sectors: high-end products like yachts and private jets; and exclusive jewellery, fashion, cars, wines, spirits, financial services, gaming establishments, and spas. They are more recent employers of hospitality graduates, as they recognize the value of creating upscale buying experiences for their exclusive clientele. Find out how happy the average hospitality management student is.Read about Satisfaction

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Known for being a single bonded and territorial animal, this beautiful cat is marketed to buyers in the United States along with bobcat ownership. An expensive, and often times illegal, private possession of the Canada Lynx, includes a dedicated lifespan of ~20 years in captivity. These cats are predictably dangerous as they mature and will attack in protection of what they perceive to be their “person” or territory. Though legal to own in some areas they are generally classified as inherently dangerous wild animals. Their razor sharp teeth and hooked claws can cause instant severe harm. Canada Lynx Facts – Lynx canadensis Habitat: Dense boreal forests Lifespan: Wild 8-12 years Captivity 18-22 years Status: Least concern A medium -sized, long-legged cat, with thick fur, and large paws. Winter pelage (fur) is dense and has a grizzled appearance with grayish-brown mixed with buff or pale brown fur on the back, and grayish-white or buff-white fur on the belly, legs and feet. Summer pelage is more reddish to gray-brown. Lynxes have a relatively small head with a flared facial ruff. Back of the ears black at base, ear tips prominently marked with an elongated tuft of black hair. Short, completely black tipped tail. Long legs, with hind limbs longer than forelimbs. Snowshoe like paws, that can spread widely with the fur covering the paws long and dense. Males are slightly larger and heavier than females. Snowshoe hares form most of the diet, may also prey on small rodents and ground birds; ungulates are mostly eaten as carrion; larger food items may be cached under snow or brush and visited later. Almost entirely nocturnal, hiding during the day. They hunt by either stalking and rushing at their prey or ambushing it from “ambush beds” established near the trails of prey. Canada lynxes live in boreal, subboreal, and western montane forests, preferring older regenerated forests and generally avoid younger stands. They also need persistent deep snow, which limits competition from other hare predators. They can tolerate human disturbance. Breeding season is from March to early April, with a gestation of 60 to 70 days, 1 to 8 cubs will be born. Dens are found in hollow logs, stumps, timber clumps, or root tangles. Populations undergo dramatic fluctuations roughly every 10 years, following the regular cycles of population increase and decline of their primary prey, the snowshoe hare. Meet our Canada Lynx Jynx the Lynx Jynx-the-Lynx arrived at Cat Tales in August 2020 after we were contacted regarding his lifelong owner and bonded caregiver, Jon, who had recently passed away. A longtime friend of Jon’s who was the executor to Jynx’s care and placement, reached out to Cat Tales to find a forever home for this orphaned lynx. Upon arrival he appeared to be in quite good health, something that often is not the case when we receive rescues from the private sector. Jynx is exceptionally large for a Canada Lynx and has the attitude to match. Born 2007 Sibella came to us at Cat Tales in September 2018 when she was four months old. For her first months with us she lived in our nursery, being handled by a few dedicated keepers on a day-by-day basis to get her comfortable with health checks. As her personality developed, she moved outside near our canines, and then more recently into the Small Cat Forest next to Jynx-the-Lynx. Sibella has fully grown into herself! She is a vibrant, curious little Canadian Lynx who loves to play with Jynx through their enclosure walls and follow our keepers around when they clean her house. Sibella is loving her life in her new home! Born May 10, 2018

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Mental Health: Bringing Awareness Towards Childhood Wellness Children’s mental health is a crucial aspect of their overall well-being. It affects a child’s ability to cope with challenges, build relationships, and succeed academically. Recognizing and addressing mental health concerns in children can lead to better long-term outcomes and improve their overall quality of life. Some common mental health challenges that you can find in children are anxiety, stress, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and behavioral disorders like aggression, defiance, and disruptiveness. Signs and Symptoms It is essential for parents to be aware of potential signs and symptoms that may indicate mental health concerns in their children: Changes in appetite Changing sleep patterns or energy levels Irritability or mood swings Difficulty concentrating or declining academic performance Withdrawal from activities or social interactions Frequent physical complaints without apparent medical cause Engaging in risky behaviors or substance abuse Unexplained weight loss or gains How You Can Support A Child’s Mental Health Open Communication: Encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings openly. Create a safe and non-judgmental environment where they feel comfortable discussing their emotions. Healthy Lifestyle: Promote a balanced lifestyle that includes regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and sufficient sleep. Physical well-being is closely tied to mental well-being. Establish Routines: Consistent routines can provide children with a sense of security and stability, reducing anxiety and stress. Foster Social Connections: Encourage social interactions and friendships to help children develop social skills, a support network, and a sense of belonging. Seek Professional Help: If you notice persistent or severe signs of mental health challenges, it is crucial to consult with a qualified mental health professional. CBHA Behavioral Health Counselors can provide assessment, counseling, and therapeutic interventions tailored to children’s unique needs. Their expertise helps identify and address underlying mental health issues, providing children and their families with the necessary tools and strategies for recovery and well-being. Understanding children’s mental health and taking proactive steps as parents and adults to support a child’s well-being is crucial for their healthy development. Let’s work together to create a nurturing environment that promotes the emotional well-being of our children, enabling them to thrive and reach their full potential. Our 5K Color Run: Run For A Cause provides financial and emotional Support for families who live with children with mental health problems in their homes, along with providing awareness for this condition. Be part of the cause at this year’s Color Run, and show your support towards children’s mental health. Sign up for the run now!

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Self-harm: what it is, warning signs, & ways to help What is Self-Harm? Self-harm or self-injury is when you deliberately hurt your own body as a way of coping with very strong or difficult feelings. Typically, people who self-harm do not want to die. It is used as a way to release or cope with painful emotions. Self-harm can happen at any age, but is most common during teenage and young adult years. Common Self-harming Behaviors Self-harm manifests differently with each person, however some common behaviors include: - Picking at wounds - Overdosing on medications - Hitting or punching oneself People who self-harm often try to hide it due to feelings of shame or worry of judgement from others. If you are concerned that your child may be self-harming, here are some signs to look for: - Frequent unexplained injuries - Wearing clothes that are inappropriate for the weather (i.e., long sleeves in hot weather) - Hiding sharp objects like scissors, knives, blades, or lighters and matches - Significant changes in eating and sleeping patterns - Isolation from friends or loss of interest in activities that are usually enjoyable - Big changes in mood, more irritable, and easily agitated - Feelings of sadness, emptiness, worthlessness, hopelessness, or guilt Although self-harm is not the same as a suicide attempt, it can still be a major risk factor for suicide. If someone is engaging in self-harm, it may be helpful to see a mental health professional, therapist, or psychiatrist for support and further assessment. Ways to Help Learning that your child is self-harming/injuring can bring about a range of emotions from shock and denial to anger and guilt. It is important to remain calm and to use your concern in a constructive way to seek understanding from your child about their challenges. Some helpful tips to keep in mind: - Talk to your child as soon as you become aware of the behavior. Ask direct questions. - Listen to your child, take them seriously, and validate their feelings. - Avoid yelling, threats, putdowns, or ultimatums. Demanding that your child just stop is ineffective. - Consider ways to foster a protective home environment by modeling healthy ways of managing stress, having open lines of communication and mutual respect, setting healthy limits around technology, implementing family time, and practice identifying and using helpful coping strategies together. - Know that there is no shame in seeking professional help if necessary. If you need more assistance, speaking with your family pediatrician is a good start, as they can help connect you to a mental health professional.This blog written by CHA Clinician, School-Based Therapy, Shayla St. James, M.E.d, LCMHC

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Latest rule to better safeguard minors as addiction in rural areas becomes concern China will tighten its supervision on children's internet use to ensure a healthier environment for their growth, according to a State-level regulation that will come into effect on Jan 1. The regulation has been approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet, and will provide legal protections to children in terms of their rights to use the internet. In the past few years, China has seen its number of child netizens continuously grow. A recent report shows that the nation had more than 193 million child netizens by the end of last year, with the internet penetration rate among the group increasing to 97.2 percent in 2022 from 93.7 percent in 2018. The growth is due mainly to the growing prevalence and popularity of online education and online entertainment such as games and livestreaming, as well as short videos, according to the report. The report was released by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China and the China Internet Network Information Center, and is based on surveys of 31,688 students, 11,624 parents and 787 teachers from 31 provinces and regions. The report said that more young people have started using the internet in the past five years. The urban-rural internet disparity has decreased from 5.4 percentage points in 2018 to one percentage point last year. "It's common to see school or kindergarten teachers assigning or checking homework online nowadays," said Zhu Wei, an associate professor at the China University of Political Science and Law in Beijing. "Many netizens we talked to now are different from the traditionally defined netizens. Now they take the internet as a tool for study rather than the previous purpose of entertainment." He said that with the increasing network coverage and popularity of electronic devices in rural areas, the urban-rural disparity has also narrowed in terms of hardware. However, with the absence of good regulation there is an increased risk of internet addiction among children. "Electronic devices such as mobile phones are used by left-behind children in rural areas to contact their parents, who leave their hometowns for better work and pay. They may use these devices for entertainment purposes more often than their peers in urban areas and can get addicted to the internet without proper regulation from families or schools. "They are too young to tell right from wrong in this case, and once they get obsessed with the internet, they may become weary of studying, indulge in online games, or even quit school," he said. The report also mentioned the weaker internet education for children in rural areas, who may have fewer internet skills or poorer awareness of self-protection compared with their urban counterparts. "It's important to see both sides of the internet. I remember I once had some students from rural areas who were not familiar with internet use and had problems dealing with their homework or research at college. The lack of internet skills or knowledge is not good for their future development," said Wang Wenda, director of college students' psychological health education at Xinhua College of Ningxia University. He added that for children from the countryside, the internet is an effective way of making up for the uneven distribution of educational resources and can help to broaden horizons as well as entertain. Wang suggested that the public should have greater awareness that internet use is a result of social development, which has blended people's daily work and life. "We have to know that children are easily lured by online entertainment by their nature and electronic devices have become a 'parenting tool', which we adults may use to comfort our children when we are doing something else," he added. Zhu, the associate professor, said that the State-level regulation that will take effect next year will offer sound protection to children on the internet. But it will still require joint efforts from the government, society and online companies to enhance management in some "gray zones" — for example, illegally operated websites offering online gaming or reading services containing inappropriate content. The report called for improved internet education in rural areas and stricter management of short videos to give correct guidance to children.

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Early Web adopters recall the slower, simpler online life of the '90s Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web in March 1989 Slow connections limited what websites could deliver But in the '90s, just being able to access the Web was exciting for many It was 1993 when David Wood got his first look at the World Wide Web. Working as a consultant for the city of Palo Alto, California, in the epicenter of the dotcom universe, some researchers pulled up a Web page created by the Vatican, showcasing some of its artwork. “The Web pages back then had that gray and black text and embedded images. There was no fancy layout; it was very simplistic,” he said. “But it was powerful. I said, ‘My God, this is it. This is what’s going to define the next phase of my life.’ It was a quite powerful, transformative concept.” It’s hard for some of us to imagine now. But before broadband and YouTube, before instant streaming and overnight deliveries from Amazon, the early Web was a slow, simple and sparsely populated place. As the Web turns 25 this week, folks who remember those early days have been reminiscing about life online in the early to mid-1990s. One word that comes up over and over again? “Slow.” A 1995 survey by the Pew Research Center found that just 14% of U.S. adults had Internet access, and among them, only 2% had access via a top-of-the-line 28.8k modem. “That was screaming (fast),” said Lee Rainey, the director of Pew’s Internet Project. “Now, that would make people riot in the streets, it’s so slow.” Wood, now chief technology officer with linked-data company 3 Round Stones, would go on to a career on the Web and to author several books about it. But in the early to mid-’90s, it wasn’t always an easy sell. “When I would show people the Web on dial-up, you’d whip out a laptop and dial up with a 14.4k modem,” he said. “The page might take a minute or two or three or five to come down. You could see the hasher lines coming across from left to right as the page would slowly load. “People would look at this and say, ‘Why is this interesting?’ “ Invented by Tim Berners-Lee, the Web made accessing the Internet (no, they’re not the same thing) easier for millions. “The really early users were total geeks,” Rainey said. “They had to know coding. They had to know sophisticated prompts to get information from different places. They had to tell their computers so they would know exactly where to go.” That started changing as folks started opening their mailboxes and finding discs from Web-portal services like AOL, Compuserve and Prodigy. But even that more-accessible Internet was a far cry from what we know today. “It was mostly a text experience that was dominated, to some degree, by websites of major publishers who were just trying to use this new platform to essentially replicate what they already had,” Rainey said. “CNN.com was basically what was on television. The New York Times was basically what was in the paper.” Take a look at early versions of some of today’s most popular websites, and the contrast is stark. Now, the homepage for the White House features an elegant design that incorporates hundreds of links to videos, photo galleries, podcasts and other media. In 1996, the same URL took you to a stretched-out glob of black text on a plain white background, topped by the oh-so-catchy headline “Search White House Press Releases, Radio Addresses, Photos and Web Pages.” Go to Yahoo today, and you can scroll through a 95-image gallery of links to news stories, choose from a list of links to trending topics, check on your stocks or jump straight to Yahoo-owned services like Tumblr and Flickr. Time warp to 1996, and there’s not a photo to be seen. Yahoo’s homepage featured little more than a pile of hyperlinks that left half the page blank. Oh, and that movie you streamed last night? Or the song it took you 20 seconds to download from iTunes or Google Play? Few Web users were even dreaming about them. “If you had a music player or other streaming device, it was very scratchy,” Rainey said. “Words were interrupted. There were lots of hiccups in the server. But people lived with that because it was kind of exciting to have it happening in the first place.” Wood concurs. For Web pioneers, and those who followed soon behind, experimenting with its emerging capabilities was, in part, its own reward. “It’s like coffee culture versus tea culture,” he said. “With coffee, you’re gulping it down, trying to get your caffeine. Tea culture is more sipping and experiencing the taste. “We had a sipping culture back then, and now we have a gulping culture. That’s the big change. It was a small number of geeks who were tasting this concept for the first time. We were getting little bits. We were tasting them, and we were saying, ‘How could this change the world?’ “

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https://www.cnn.com/2014/03/11/tech/web/early-world-wide-web/index.html

2024-04-12T12:23:22Z

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en

What Muscovy ducks might lack in good looks, they make up for in temperament and usefulness. Muscovies are affectionate, waggling their tail when they see you at the gate to the poultry yard. They eat pests, are quiet, lay extra-large eggs, and make less mess than most duck breeds. It's also easy to tell females and males apart from an early age by their physical characteristics. Video of the Day Muscovy duck female and male masks Muscovy ducks are famous for the bright red masks around their eyes. The red, rubbery-looking masks have wartlike bumps called caruncles that can be so extensive that they cover large parts of the head and neck. Video of the Day Males have the most expansive, bumpiest masks that can surround the sides of their bills and even descend down the neck. The Muscovy duck female has a mask that looks more like a masquerade ball mask — typically just around the eyes — with less bumpiness than the males. When the caruncles get injured, such as when male ducks fight with one another, they usually heal with additional bumpiness. Females sometimes get caruncles on the back of their head from where a male has gripped them during mating. Feathers offer clues Like most types of ducklings, the Muscovy duck female's feathers start erupting sooner than the males. First feather sprouts generally erupt on the wings. This is a good time to band the leg of the early feathering ducklings as potentially female. Adult males generally have more vivid colors than females. Wild Muscovies are deep black with white wing patches. The black areas of their body have a green sheen in the sunlight. Females have a less green sheen in daylight than males, where sheen is very pronounced. In domesticated Muscovies, feather colors range in buffs, white, lilac, and gray. However, Muscovy male feathers still have a sheen in sunlight, whereas Muscovy duck females of these dilute colors tend to be duller. Let them tell you Juvenile Muscovy ducks peep much like any other duckling. However, like other ducks, female Muscovy ducklings tend to be more vocal than males. As the birds mature, Muscovy duck females develop a trilling sound. Males, on the other hand, hiss, huff, and puff. Check the growth A male's rapid growth begins right after hatching out of the egg. Within the first few days, a male's legs will start to get longer, and he'll have a bigger body than any of his female siblings. At what age do Muscovy ducks start laying eggs? By approximately 6 months old, a Muscovy duck female will start ovulating. Ducks don't always use a nest box, so you might not notice if your free-range Muscovy is doing this. You'll also need to catch her in the act to determine which duck is actually laying eggs. Get an auto sex strain Muscovy ducks are the only domesticated duck breed that doesn't descend from the mallard. As a result, sex-linked traits are slightly different than in mallard-type duck breeds. In mallard duck breeds, males carrying the brown or buff gene can be paired with females carrying the blue or black gene to produce sex-linked offspring. In the Muscovy duck, chocolate is the only sex-linked color gene, but you can't just mate two chocolate Muscovies together, or you'll come out with 100 percent chocolate ducklings. A chocolate drake must mate with a female carrying either black or blue genes. A black Muscovy duck female will produce black-downed drakelets, and a blue female will produce blue-downed drakelets. The young males will carry the chocolate gene to pass on to future generations. The female offspring will have chocolate down if their mother was black. Ducklets that came from the blue mother will have chocolate or lilac down. You can purchase sex-linked Muscovy ducklings online from a hatchery so you can be sure of whether you're starting your flock with males or females.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.cuteness.com/article/tell-female-muscovy-duck-apart

2024-04-12T12:21:38Z

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Without the global supply chain, our modern world would collapse. Businesses connecting economies, people, etc., around the world, make it possible for us to enjoy a variety of goods and services. In what manner does it operate? Which players are involved? What obstacles do they encounter? This article seeks to uncover and examine the intricacies of the global supply chain‘s inner workings. Following the journey of products worldwide, we will highlight crucial factors within this intricate network, which extends from raw materials to finished items. The challenges of handling vast distances and diverse cultures are worth exploring. To address them, we will examine various strategies as well. Explaining the importance of the global supply chain The global supply chain is crucial beyond measure. Companies can use economies of scale to enter new markets while reducing costs. They can discover the best input prices for consumers by globally sourcing materials. Furthermore, better communication, logistics management, and transportation technology have facilitated business expansion on a level never seen before. Raw materials: sourcing and transportation Manufacturing finished goods involves getting raw materials from various parts of the world through global product sourcing. Lowering costs in different regions while taking advantage of varied market conditions is made possible by global sourcing. Transportation is a crucial factor in determining the cost of goods sold in global product sourcing. Distance, mode of transport, and handling requirements are among the factors that affect transportation costs. Air freight, ocean freight, rail freight, and road transport are the four common modes of transportation used in global trading. Manufacturing: production and assembly Product quality and customer satisfaction depend greatly on two vital stages of the manufacturing process—production and assembly. Ensuring that products are delivered to distant parts of the world through a robust global supply chain requires coordinating with suppliers, manufacturers, and logistics service providers in various countries. Efficient production and assembly processes necessitate meticulous coordination between all involved parties to ensure the punctual delivery of superior-quality products. Distribution, warehousing, and logistics Global product sourcing has become an essential component of the modern supply chain. However, with this globalization comes the challenge of managing complex logistics and warehousing requirements. It involves storing goods in a facility until they are needed for sale or shipment. Depending on where they are located in the supply chain, manufacturers, wholesalers, or retailers can all own warehouses. Effective warehousing requires careful management of inventory levels, efficient use of space, and effective organization systems to ensure fast retrieval when needed. Logistics refers to the process of moving goods from one place to another. This includes transportation modes such as air freight, sea freight, or road transport and coordinating shipping schedules across different countries and regions. Companies should dedicate time and resources to discovering appropriate logistics partners to make timely deliveries while reducing client transportation expenses. Continuous progress has characterized the global supply chain since its inception. Supply chain operations are significantly shaped by technology, which has led us to this point. Thanks to advanced analytics and automation tools, businesses can better manage inventory levels, reduce waste, and streamline transportation logistics.

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https://www.dragonsourcing.com/connecting-the-world-how-the-global-supply-chain-works/

2024-04-12T11:21:32Z

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EPS School Statement on Character Education for character is integral to the work of Eastlands Primary School. In our school a rigorous and stretching academic education and outstanding wider personal development on the other go hand in hand. Indeed, these and other aspects of the school’s work all contribute to forming well-educated and rounded young adults ready to take their place in the world. - Schools have a statutory duty, as part of a broad and balanced curriculum, to promote the spiritual, moral, social, and cultural (SMSC) development of pupils and prepare them for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life2. Character education contributes to this duty to promote SMSC. The duty applies to academies and free schools through the Independent School Standards. - The Relationships, Sex and Health Education Statutory Guidance makes clear that this is most effective when schools also actively promote good behaviour and positive character traits, including for example courtesy, respect, truthfulness, courage and generosity. - Schools have an important role in the fostering of good mental wellbeing among young people so that they can fulfil their potential at school and are well prepared for adult life. Schools with clear expectations on behaviour and with well-planned provision for character and personal development can help promote good mental wellbeing. Character is a complex concept with a number of overlapping facets. We identified four important aspects, which can inform the way schools shape their wider provision for children and young people: - the ability to remain motivated by long-term goals, to see a link between effort in the present and pay-off in the longer-term, overcoming and persevering through, and learning from, setbacks when encountered; - the learning of positive moral attributes, for example, courage, honesty, generosity, integrity, humility and a sense of justice, alongside others; - the acquisition of social confidence and the ability to make points or arguments clearly and constructively, listen attentively to the views of others, behave with courtesy and good manners and speak persuasively to an audience; and - an appreciation of the importance of long-term commitments which frame the successful and fulfilled life, for example to spouse, partner, role or vocation, the local community, to faith or world view. This helps individuals to put down deep roots and gives stability and longevity to lifetime endeavours. Studies show there are enabling traits which can improve educational attainment:- - High self-belief, is associated with better performance, more persistence and greater interest in work; - Highly motivated children (linked to resilience) driven internally and not by extrinsic rewards show greater levels of persistence and achievement; - Good self-control (or self-regulation) is associated with greater attainment levels; and - Having good coping skills (part of being able to bounce back) is associated with greater well-being. (Source Literature review for the Education Endowment Foundation and Cabinet Office)

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.eastlandsprimaryschool.co.uk/key-information/personal-development/character

2024-04-12T10:17:44Z

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en

Don’t judge a book by its cover.Before you judge a man, walk a mile in his shoes. These sayings are frequently used to get people to empathize with others. But, what does it really to mean to empathize with people, especially our students? I came across the topic of empathy after I began reading the book, “The Formative Five,” by Thomas R. Hoerr, and participating in a restorative justice activity at a professional development session. These resources really opened my mind, and I began to reflect on my own understanding of empathy and question whether I really empathize with others. I have a student—I’ll call her Kim—who just transferred into my English class mid-year. She always arrives late to class and struggles academically with completing assignments. In the beginning, I was frustrated that she wasn’t meeting my standards. But I never did try to communicate with her, I just assumed she was not motivated or passionate about her education. However, after reading the book and participating in the restorative justice session, [pullquote position="right"]I challenged myself to listen and understand.[/pullquote] Sitting down with Kim, I experienced a story that I never took into consideration. Kim is one of five children and has to help get her younger siblings ready for the day and school, making it difficult to get to school on time. Just being able to listen and understand, I was able to empathize with Kim, and we quickly developed a plan together to help her succeed. Empathy is different than its counterpart, sympathy. Sympathy means to just offer thoughts and support without really understanding or experiencing the situation. However, empathy works differently. Empathy means a person understands deeply the attitudes, thoughts and feelings, and has tremendous experience of the situation. Building empathy is not easy, but it’s a skill that our society and teachers and students need. As a teacher with 15 years of experience, I had to reflect back on times of my use and understanding of empathy. My students come from a variety of backgrounds and home-life situations. Had I stopped to listen, listen deeply and understand? In truth, I was surprised to realize that sometimes I was not empathic and relied on many assumptions. As an educator, I’ve realized that building empathy doesn’t mean simply assuming about our students, “Oh, they have issues or a hard home life.” We need to really place ourselves in their shoes and listen and understand, and only then can we really reach them and help them thrive in the classroom. Being a Role Model Not only does this act of empathy support the student’s learning, it also models for them a life skill. As educators, we have a great influence on our students. We are the consistent factor in many of our student’s lives. But, are we role-modeling the importance of empathy? Are we working the concept of empathy into our instruction? Hoerr’s book offers six steps that we, as educators, can use to support our students in building empathy: Listening: Paying attention to what is being said and how. Understanding: Gaining a cognitive grasp of the other’s point of view. Internalizing: Truly processing what we’ve heard and “being in the shoes of others.” Projecting: Considering what approach would help the other person in this situation. Planning: Developing an appropriate response based on empathy. Intervening: Executing the plan, making sure to be inclusive and collaborative. Each step Hoerr discusses provides tools to help students really strengthen the use of empathy in their lives. However, in order for our students to become better at empathizing, we need to develop the skill ourselves. We need to be role models who demonstrate the great practice of empathy. We need to model the values and skills, but we also need to be genuine in understanding and listening. We can no longer assume situations about our students, but we need to get to know them; we need to place ourselves in their shoes to truly understand and help them succeed in school and in life. As Hoerr states in his book: Our students need to know that we are all on the same journey—that although we are at different places and making progress at different speeds, we all aspire to the same goals. Teachers, I encourage you to reflect on your current level of empathizing. Do you really listen and understand? Remember, the next time you see a student struggling, ask yourself what is really going on. What happened the night before to the moment they arrived to the room? Stop. Listen. Understand. Troy Rivera teaches English at the high school level at University Schools in Greeley, Colorado. He has been teaching for over 15 years at the elementary, middle and high school levels. Troy is a fellow with America Achieves and TeachPlus/NEA, and his mission is to make all his students successful, lifelong learners. If you have a child with disabilities, you’re not alone: According to the latest data, over 7 million American schoolchildren — 14% of all students ages 3-21 — are classified as eligible for special... The fight for educational equity has never been just about schools. The real North Star for this work is providing opportunities for each child to thrive into adulthood. This means that our advocacy...

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.edpost.com/stories/my-classroom-changed-when-i-started-to-understand-what-empathy-really-is

2024-04-12T12:28:52Z

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Particle accelerator at Fermilab (IMAGE) University of Rochester Caption Members of the international collaboration MINERvA, including University of Rochester researchers, used a particle accelerator at Fermilab—a portion of which is shown in a stylized image above—to create a beam of neutrinos to investigate the structure of protons. The work was part of the MINERvA experiment, a particle physics experiment to study neutrinos. Credit Reidar Hahn/Fermilab Usage Restrictions None License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/972974

2024-04-12T11:58:15Z

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London, England, Jul 8, 2023 / 08:01 am (CNA). A historic prayer book belonging to the priest who protected King Charles II and helped save his life has gone on public display at one of England’s famous stately homes. Father John Huddleston’s personal missal, which is almost 400 years old, is now on display at Moseley Old Hall, Wolverhampton, which is situated in the West Midlands region of the country. Moseley Old Hall, where the Roman Missal of Fr. John Huddleston went on display. Photo courtesy of the National Trust Following the Battle of Worcester in 1651 in which the Parliamentarians under Oliver Cromwell defeated the Royalists, the defeated monarch sought refuge at the home of the Catholic Whitgreave Family, where the Benedictine priest also resided, dressed as a servant. Huddleston agreed to hide Charles II in his first-floor room, which featured a trap door beneath the floor of the cupboard where a priest hole was accessible. Charles II was able to hide there when soldiers turned up at the house, looking for the king. Opening page of the “Missale Romanum,” a 400 year old missal belonging to Fr John Huddleston, who protected King Charles II. Photo courtesy of the National Trust The historic missal was purchased by the conservation charity National Trust at auction due to a substantial donation from a volunteer and the support of the organization Friends of the National Libraries. It is believed that the “Missale Romanum,” published in Paris in 1623, might have been instrumental in bringing about the king’s deathbed conversion to Catholicism in 1685. Inscriptions and annotations made by Fr. Huddleston in his Roman Missal. Photo courtesy of National Trust Once the monarchy was finally restored in 1660, Charles made Huddleston chaplain to his mother, Queen Henrietta Maria, and to his wife, Catherine of Braganza. On his deathbed at Whitehall Palace in 1685, Charles asked for Huddleston, who heard the king’s confession, gave him holy Communion, and finally received him into the Catholic Church. It is alleged that the Duke of York later commented that the priest had twice saved the king’s life — first his body, then his soul. Sarah Kay, Cultural Heritage curator, said: “We’re delighted to have secured this important book which is central to the story of Moseley. If we hadn’t acquired it, it is likely to have gone into private hands and not been accessible by the public. Displaying and interpreting the missal will provide a compelling focus and renewed impetus for telling the story of Charles II’s remarkable escape.” The altar in the Attic Chapel at Moseley Old Hall. Photo courtesy of the National Trust Tim Pye, national curator, said: “The Huddleston Missal is a wonderful acquisition for Moseley Old Hall. Not only is the 1623 edition of the ‘Missale Romanum’ a rare book — just one other complete copy is recorded in U.K. libraries — it is also crucial for our understanding of how Roman Catholic books were used and circulated at a time when it was dangerous to be anything other than Anglican. “The way in which Huddleston has inscribed and annotated his missal highlights just how precious and personal this book would have been to him.”

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CC-MAIN-2024-18

https://www.ewtn.no/historic-prayer-book-of-priest-who-hid-king-charles-ii-goes-on-display/

2024-04-12T12:34:22Z

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Feature Articles – Viracocha’s voyage Macchu Picchu, Nazca, Tiahuanaco… Though the major monuments of Peru are mapped and known – though the jungle continues to surrender some of its secrets even today – so far these spell-binding monuments have largely been looked upon in isolation, without trying to interlock the various monuments with each other – let alone possible interoperability. by Philip Coppens For many years, the monuments of Egypt were often interpreted within a narrow context. To some extent, the possibility of links between Egypt and Sumer/Babylonia, though geographically close, is still frowned upon as “unwise” to venture into. The same previously applied to the megalithic monuments of Western Europe. However, in recent decades, major inroads have been made to understand those stone monuments within their landscape, and that global picture within the framework of the myths – often creation myths – of the people or their ancestors who built those monuments. However, Peru was largely left outside of the framework and thus was only quoted by the likes of Erich von Däniken or Graham Hancock, who included the monuments of Peru as examples of ancient high engineering precision. However, such isolated attention also meant that the monuments were not explained, and thus understanding did not occur. In recent years, several archaeologists and other researchers have focused their attention on Peru, in an effort to interpret its monuments within its proper context. The official history of the Incas is extremely sad: most were wiped out by a relatively small Spanish army who were uninterested in mapping their civilisation. Though the gold of the Egyptian past has often been removed from Egypt, at least it has been largely preserved; the fate of the Inca gold was that it was melted, before being shipped to Spain, where it was intercepted by English pirates… Though the Inca civilisation is merely several hundreds years old, we are thus faced with an equal problem to that of the ancient Egyptian civilisation: that it is impossible to interrogate directly or have a large database at our disposal to learn about this culture. The Spanish called the Inca culture “diabolical” and until recently, it was deemed to be “primitive”. The Western mind was incapable of understanding why a civilisation would practice human sacrifice. The Inca civilisation was often not included in school curriculi in Western Europe. Over the past forty years, that veil of ignorance is slowly being lifted, specifically because of the enormous interest created by Erich von Däniken et al. Though his suggestions as to what the Inca monuments might be, it is a fact that his “outlandish” suggestions generated an interest in the monuments and offered scientists the possibility (if not funding) to analyse the monuments in greater detail. Performing the function of a catalyst is no mean feat… Von Däniken posed the central question as it stood in the 1960s: if the Inca were primitive or stupid, how had they been able to create their often complex buildings, such as Sacsayhuaman or Ollantaytambo. If indeed stupid, who aided them? If no-one can be identified, do we need to look towards extraterrestrial beings? Since then, the questions are still posed, but the circumstances are vastly different then they were. It is now clear that the Inca were not stupid. It is furthermore clear that the Inca built upon centuries of knowledge available to their predecessors, present across the continent they united. They were the last indigenous group of rulers who had toiled the land for hundreds of generations, if not thousands of years. Nevertheless, the question of “what” their civilisation represented is still largely unanswered. The main part of answering this question has been carried by Peruvian archaeologists, as well as a certain amount of visiting scientists. This has resulted in a radically new approach and interpretation towards what the backbone of the Inca culture was about. Two key people in this quest are Fernando and Edgar Elorrieta Salazar. The main interest of the Inca civilisation is the “Sacred Valley”, which stretches from Cuczo, the “navel” of the Inca world to Macchu Picchu, the best known Inca structure that was rediscovered by Hiram Bingham in 1911. Practically, the valley continues south of Cuczo, towards Lake Titicaca. Situated at an altitude of 4 kilometres, the lake is the highest navigable lake in the world. It was on an island in this lake, the Island of the Sun, that the Inca legends state that the creator god, Viracocha, appeared on Earth. It is from here that Viracocha’s voyage began. Amidst spectacular scenery, the valley descends to 3400 metres in Cuczo and 2800 metres in Macchu Picchu. Though the rivers will contribute to the Amazon river, it is said that Viracocha continued on his path, walking SE/NW, until he reached the Pacific Ocean. The legend of Viracocha and how he “walked” the sacred valley brings us face to face with the enigmas of the Incan civilisation: Tiahuanaco, Cuczo and Sacsayhuaman, Ollantaytambo and Macchu Picchu. Several books about each topic have appeared, but few books have tried to interpret the various sites as a whole. This latter approach is important, as rather than a segmented view of the Inca civilisation, it would present a global view of the exploits of Viracocha – a view that would be based on Inca mythology, and not just scientific analysis of the individual site. The building work of the centres in the Sacred Valley is thus a transformation in stone of the “Holy Road” travelled by the Creator Deity. The recent importance of Macchu Picchu has inverted the importance of this “path”. The Salazar brothers clearly identify that Ollantaytambo was much more important. Though at first apparently much less impressive than Macchu Picchu, its siting within the landscape is nevertheless complex – and contains more symbolic detail than eg Macchu Picchu. Research has identified that the Inca civilisation had specific preferences of alignments to mountain tops, evidence of which can be found in Macchu Picchu. At Ollantaytambo, similar evidence can be identified, but the detail is more specific. Both sites are orientated towards a mountain, but at Ollantaytambo, the profile of a human being, identified with Viracocha, can clearly be distinguished. The Salazar brothers have furthermore identified that the temple at Ollantaytambo is aligned to certain notches in that hill, the alignment of which is with important sunrise events in the calendar. The stone face of Viracocha towering over Ollantaytambo is part of the Inca legend; his presence shows that the creator god was still present, “looking”, “watching over” his people. There are more such alignments: the Salazar brothers identified that in the valley below Ollantaytambo, the first beam of the sunrise falls on the so-called Pacaritanpu, the House of Dawn, where the gods became “God”. This structure is hardly identifiable, unless it is looked upon with the “right eyes”. At first, there appears to be nothing but a cultivated field. Though dating from the Inca time period, it is hardly recognisable as important. But a second glance will reveal that the entire field portrays a gigantic pyramid; the position where the sunbeam hits the ground has been clearly and uniquely marked by a structure. Such subliminal images in the Inca structures are not unique. Elsewhere, the Inca’s have incorporated the same technique, often in city planning. The Salazar brothers have identified various animal forms in the hills and designs of Macchu Picchu, depending on the point of view from where the monument is observed. The design of the capital Cuczo is equally ingeniously created to form the image of a puma, the “royal animal”. Many of these constructions were a mixture of natural shapes, augmented – “stressed” – by human intervention, often by creating fields. The notion that sacred geography underlines Inca city planning is not a new observation. The Jesuit Father Bernabe Cobo, in his book The History of the New World (1653), wrote about ceques in Cuczo. These were lines on which wak’as – shrines – were placed and which were venerated by local people. Ceques had been described as sacred pathways. Cobo described how ceques radiated outwards from the Temple of the Sun at the centre of the old Inca capital. These were invisible lines, being only apparent in the alignments of the wak’as. The ceques radiated out between two lines at right angles, which divided the city into four and extended out into the Inca Empire. Each ceque was in the care of a family. Wak’as mostly took the form of stones, springs, hills, or stones on hills. Offerings were made, often in the form of human sacrifice, usually of small children. These ceremonies began in Cuczo and culminated in a sacrifice at specially designated sites often located near the summits of holy mountains. The Pyramid of Dawn (left) which is difficult to discern, unless one makes a careful analysis of the organisation of the fields, which form the shape of a pyramid. One of the rectangular fields on the right hand side of the pyramid is the location where the first beam of sunlight on June 21 falls (see above), proving that the entire structure is a complex engineering feature that expresses the Inca creation legends. Beyond the “Sacred Path” is an even deeper message. Modern research suggests that the Sacred Valley of the Vilcamayu and Urubamba rivers symbolised the Milky Way. Identifying rivers with constellations, specifically the Milky Way, is nothing new. Other examples are the Nile, as well as the Po in Italy and the Rhône in France. John Major Jenkins is one of several researchers – and a growing number at that – who have analysed the astronomical components of the Central and Southern American cultures. Jenkins argue that archaeologists need to do more than merely make high level statements such as the notion that the Inca civilisation practiced solar worship. Why did they have a sun cult? What religious message was introduced within this notion? Jenkins believes that the answer can be found in the belief that the Galactic Centre, the centre of the Milky Way, is the origin, or goal, of the soul’s travel, a type of star gate into another dimension – God. This knowledge was incorporated into the calendar of the Maya. The same knowledge was depicted on the landscape of Peru. Cuzco, the capital, the “navel of the world”, is situated between two rivers. This corresponds with the dark “gate” north of Sagittarius, the “gate” to this other dimension. But more intriguing is that within this interpretation, Lake Titicaca is the location of the Galactic Centre. There is therefore a consistency between what Jenkins has identified as the core belief of the Maya and the geographical mapping of the Inca civilisation. These radical interpretations that are being put forward will no doubt require time before they will be accepted by each and all. Still, they sit within a worldwide phenomenon, of creator beings walking the land, sculpting it as they go, turning into rocks, etc. The phenomenon is well-known with the Aboriginals and their Songlines in Australia. It will take even longer before their influence and novel approach is adapted and adopted by archaeologists and researchers trying to identify other ancient or enigmatic civilisations. Meanwhile, several tourists continue to walk the Sacred Path of Viracocha: many travel from Tiahuanaco, to Cuczo, onward to Ollantaytambo and finally Macchu Picchu. The path is a natural way of moving about the country and has been walked for hundreds of generations, from the earliest farmers to the Inca kings… It is an opportunity for every man to walk in the footsteps of Viracocha – God. This article originally appeared in Frontier Magazine 10.5 (October/November 2004).

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