---
license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
language:
- en
tags:
- medical
---

# Kidney-CT-Abnormality

<!-- Provide a quick summary of the dataset. -->
This Kidney-CT-Abnormality dataset consists of kidney CT scans with abnormality label.

## Dataset Details

### Dataset Description

<!-- Provide a longer summary of what this dataset is. -->
This Kidney-CT-Abnormality dataset comprises a comprehensive collection CT scans focusing on kidney CT abnormality, which can serve as a resource for researchers with this field.

Contained within this dataset are 986 .mha (medical high-resolution image) files, which are all 3D medical iamges. 3D images means multiple layers are included in each image, which can be beneficial for precise classification. A .json file is also included, illustrating the abnormality status of each image.

Note that, as stated by the authors, this dataset was reconstructed from “Dataset for: Kidney abnormality segmentation in thorax-abdomen CT scans” (https://zenodo.org/records/8014290), to fit the 2023 automated universal classification challenges (AUC2023).

In a nutshell, the Kidney-CT-Abnormality dataset can potentially can serve for the academic and research community, possibly enhancing studies in medical image processing and diagnostic algorithm development, thereby improving understanding of kidney diseases and diagnostic accuracy through technological advancements.

### Dataset Sources 

<!-- Provide the basic links for the dataset. -->
- **Original Homepage:** https://zenodo.org/records/8043408

## Uses

<!-- Address questions around how the dataset is intended to be used. -->
This dataset is intended for kidney abnormality classification.

### Direct Use

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By loading this dataset, it can output transformed images (mnumpy array dtype=uint32, and have broken down to sequence of images rather than multiple layer images), the original image path (numpy array dtype=float64 after loading), and the image label. Along with these information, various classification task can be performed.

### Out-of-Scope Use

<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the dataset will not work well for. -->
This dataset cannot be utilized for segmentation task since no ground truth image included.

## Dataset Initial Processing
- Train-Test soplit: The train test split were created to fit for further classification task. Images are distributed to train/test folder randomly.
- Metadata modification: The original json file includes other information like brief descriptions and license. Only image file name, corresponding labels (Normal: 0, Abnormal: 1) were preserved, and train-test split information were added. Note that the original file name in the json file did not match the image file name (format issue), thus also gone through modificaitons.

## Dataset Structure

<!-- This section provides a description of the dataset fields, and additional information about the dataset structure such as criteria used to create the splits, relationships between data points, etc. -->
Image data ()
- kidney_CT
  - kidney_CT.zip
    - train
      - kidneyabnormalityKiTS-xxxx_0000.mha (The 'KiTs' can be replaced by 'RUMC', the 'xxxx' is a four-digits number, serving as image number)
      - ...
    - test
      - kidneyabnormalityKiTS-xxxx_0000.mha (The 'KiTs' can be replaced by 'RUMC', the 'xxxx' is a four-digits number, serving as image number)
      - ...
Metadata (annotations indicating the abnormality status of the image, and whether sperate to train or test group)
- dataset_m.json
  - {"image":"kidneyabnormalityKiTS-0000_0000.mha","split":"train","abnormality":0}
  - ...


## Dataset Creation

### Curation Rationale

<!-- Motivation for the creation of this dataset. -->
Kidney diseases often present significant detection challenges, yet their timely identification and diagnosis are critical for effective treatment.

The Kidney-CT-Abnormality dataset is curated with the express purpose of facilitating the development of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms aimed at enhancing the recognition and diagnostic accuracy of kidney diseases.


### Source Data

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#### Data Collection and Processing

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This dataset's original homepage: https://zenodo.org/records/8043408
The dataset was adapted from https://zenodo.org/records/8014290 as mentioned before.
The original dataset contains “215 thoraxabdomen CT scans with segmentations of the kidney and abnormalities in the kidney”. Note that the original datasets contains in total 38.4G image data in mha format, and there is no .json file indicating the abnormality status. Alternatively, a segmentation kidney image dataset is included.


### Annotations 

<!-- If the dataset contains annotations which are not part of the initial data collection, use this section to describe them. -->
<!-- This section describes the annotation process such as annotation tools used in the process, the amount of data annotated, annotation guidelines provided to the annotators, interannotator statistics, annotation validation, etc. -->
<!-- This section describes the people or systems who created the annotations. -->
The annotation information, which are the abnormality labels, are completed by the original authors and included the json file.


#### Personal and Sensitive Information

<!-- State whether the dataset contains data that might be considered personal, sensitive, or private (e.g., data that reveals addresses, uniquely identifiable names or aliases, racial or ethnic origins, sexual orientations, religious beliefs, political opinions, financial or health data, etc.). If efforts were made to anonymize the data, describe the anonymization process. -->
The CT scan image file names contain the study ID, indicating the differences in scans. These ids are anonymous and don’t contain any other personal information.

## Some helper functions for further utilization


## Bias, Risks, and Limitations

<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
The dataset only include abnormality label, with no further implication of specific diseases. This can limit the algorithms diagnostic specificity.
Moreover, the collected data can have potential bias. For instance, the CT scans might be generated from specific demographics, which can introduce bias (skewing the representation and applicability of the data).

### Recommendations

<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->

Users should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the dataset. More information needed for further recommendations.

## Citation

<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the dataset, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
Datasets:
Alves, N., & Boulogne, L. (2023). Kidney CT Abnormality [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8043408
Gabriel E. Humpire-Mamani, Luc Builtjes, Colin Jacobs, Bram van Ginneken, Mathias Prokop, & Ernst Th. Scholten. (2023). Dataset for: Kidney abnormality segmentation in thorax-abdomen CT scans [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8014290